Item I4BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY
Meeting Date: March 21, 2012 Division: Employee Services
Bulk Item: Yes _ No X Department: Employee Benefits
Staff Contact Person/Phone #: Teresa AgWar X4458
AGENDA ITEM WORDING: Approval to change the department billing rate from $790 per month
to $320 per month for employees and elected officials who choose to opt out of the medical and
prescription benefits plan to become effective May 1, 2012.
ITEM BACKGROUND: In May, 2011, the County asked the Attorney General to review the current
practice of requiring the participation of all employees and elected officials to participate in the self -
insured medical and prescription program. The Attorney General response was that participation must
be voluntary. Even though the County will no longer provide medical and prescription coverage for
these employees, the self -insured plan cannot afford to lose the entire $790 per employee per month
funding. $320 is the actuarial estimate that is need to continue to pay for the County's subsidy for
dependent and retiree coverage, administrative fees, in addition to the employee's and elected official's
continued coverage for life insurance and accidental death & dismemberment, and EAP Provider fees.
PREVIOUS RELEVANT BOCC ACTION: None
CONTRACT/AGREEMENT CHANGES: None
STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS:
Approval
TOTAL COST: None INDIRECT COST: BUDGETED: Yes No
DIFFERENTIAL OF LOCAL PREFERENCE:
COST TO COUNTY: None SOURCE OF FUNDS:
REVENUE PRODUCING: Yes _ No X AMPUNT PER MONTH Year
APPROVED BY: County A. OMB/PurC asing Risk Management
DOCUMENTATION:
DISPOSITION:
Revised 7/09
Included X Not Required.
AGENDA ITEM #
C
UNTY jo'�MONROE
KEY WESTLORIDA 33040
(305)294-4641
Office of the Employee Services Division Director
The Historic Gato Cigar Factory
1100 Simonton Strcct, Suite 268
Key West, FL 33o4o
(305) 292-4458 — Phone
(305) 292-4564 - Fax
TO: Board of County Commissioners
FROM: Teresa E. Aguiar,
Employee Services Director
DATE: February 27, 2012
SUBJ: Opt Out — Health Insurance &
New Employee Health Insurance Premium
Background:
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
Mayor David Rice, District 4
Mayor Pro Tem Klm Wigington, District 1
George Neugent, District 2
Heather Carruthers, District 3
Sylvia I Murphy, District 5
The County's practice in regards to health insurance (including the pharmacy benefits program) has
always been that as a condition of employment new employees and elected officials must enroll in the
County's health insurance even if the individual wished not to use it or had other coverage available.
Employee coverage also includes life insurance and accidental death & dismemberment. These benefits
have been provided at no cost to the employee.
In May 2011, the County asked the Attorney General for an opinion regarding (a) whether the County is
allowed to require participation in the self-insurance medical and prescription program, and b) whether we
can allow participation in the optional group insurance programs (vision, dental, life, and accidental death
& dismemberment), if the employee/elected official/retiree chose not to participate in the medical and
prescription benefits portion of the program. Section 627.4235(3)(a) states that the benefits of a plan that
covers an individual as an employee must be considered before the benefits of a plan covering the
individual as a dependent. The County believes that there may be some circumstances in which an
employee may nonetheless prefer to be covered by a plan in which the employee is a dependent, rather
than the County's plan, in which case the employee may wish to opt out of the County's health plan
(Plan). The Attorney General's response was that (a) participation in the County's health insurance plan
must be voluntary, and (b) that we can, if we chose to do so, allow participation in the optional group
insurance programs even if the individual did not also participate in the medical and prescription benefits
portion of the program.
Page 2 of 3
March 21, 2012 BOCC Meeting
Opt Out — charge premium
Currently county departments and constitutional officers are billed $790 per month to pay for the
individual's participation in the program. The $790 rate covers employee/elected official's medical and
pharmacy claims and administrative fees. It also subsidizes dependent and retiree coverage. Life
insurance and accidental death & dismemberment, and Employee Assistance Plan (EAP) provider fees are
also paid for from the $790 rate.
At this time, staff is requesting that the Board of County Commissioners approve the following:
1. Employees and elected officials hired on or after May 1, 2012 into a position that makes him/her
newly eligible for health insurance (25+ hpw), will be charged a monthly premium of $50.00 if the
individual chooses to enroll in the County's self-insurance health plan. The $50.00 will be
adjusted accordingly and paid by payroll deduction each pay day. Current employees and elected
officials enrolled as of April 30, 2012 will not be charged a premium. A special open enrollment
will be held and if a current employee/elected official chooses to opt -out of the health insurance
and in the future decides to enroll back into the program, he/she will be treated as newly eligible
and will be required to pay the same premium as employees/elected officials hired on or after May
1, 2012.
2. Departments who have employees/elected officials opt out of the health plan will no longer be
charged the full $790 rate for that individual, but will be charged a lesser rate of $320 a month.
This is the actuarial estimate that is needed to pay for the County's subsidy for dependent and
retiree coverage, administrative fees, in addition to the individual's continued coverage for life
insurance and accidental death & dismemberment, and EAP Provider fees.
3. Retirees, if opting out of the County's health plan, will be allowed to maintain life insurance at a
premium of $11.00 per month.
It is not recommended that employees/elected officials be charged a premium for the life insurance
and accidental death & dismemberment benefit. The County currently pays for the premium for
employees and elected officials (as part of the $790 billed department rate) and the insurance
policy requires 100% participation. If we charge employees/elected officials a premium for life
insurance and accidental death & dismemberment coverage and allow them to opt out, the
insurance policy would have to be re -written. Generally, the premium is higher on a contributory
insurance policy. It is therefore suggested that the next time the life insurance and accidental
death & dismemberment policy is distributed for RFP, we ask for a contributory quote in addition
to the current non-contributory quote and bring the proposals to the BOCC for consideration.
It is impossible to predict the exact number of employees who will opt out of the Plan and predict exactly
how many employees will contribute to the plan in any given year. We therefore had the County's
Actuary Consultant model and analyze the opting out issue along with charging a premium to future hires
and how-these-changes=would-impae the Plarr=Overall the--e ected nehi xp mgact-is4irv-orab�le __,";.... _ _..
Page 3 of 3
March 21, 2012 BOCC Meeting
Opt Out — charge premium
If the BOCC approves these recommendations, the timeline for implementation will be as follows:
March 21, 2012
BOCC Approval
March 26, 2012 — April 6, 2012
Special Open Enrollment only to allow
employees/elected officials to opt out of the health
insurance program
*Employees/Elected officials will be eligible at any time during the year after
the close of this special enrollment to opt out of the Plan if they don't
current!y pay a premium.
May 1, 2012 and after
Employees/elected officials first eligible to enroll in
the health insurance program on or after 5/1/2012
will pay $50.00 per month premium if choosing to
enroll in the health insurance program.
May 1, 2012 and after
Departments charged the billing rate of $320 per
month for employees/elected officials who opt out
of the health insurance program
May 1, 2012 and after
Employees/Elected Officials enrolled in health
insurance before May 1, 2012 who choose to opt
out of the health insurance program and re -enroll at
a later date, will be charged the same premium as
those employees/elected officials eligible and
enrolled on or after May 1, 2012 ($50.00 per
month
May 1, 2012 and after
Retirees choosing not to enroll in the health
insurance program may choose to keep the life
insurance at a premium of $11.00 per month
If you have any questions, please contact me at 292-4458.
Encl: Agenda Item and Backup — Attorney General Request for Opinion
Attorney General Response
Letter from Consulting Actuary dated February 1, 2012
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY
Meeting Date:_ May 18.2011
Bulk item: Yes X No,
Division: Employee Services
Department:_Employ Ben fits
Staff Contact Person/Phone #: Teresa A¢uiar, Ext. 4448 or
Cynthia Hatt_ x 3174
AGENDA ITEM WORDING: Approval to request Attorney General opinion regarding (1) whether
the County will be required to allow employees and elected officials to opt out of its self -insured health
insurance plan whether or not the County requires employees to pay premiums for the benefits, and (2)
whether the County will be required to allow plan Participants to
(life insurance, vision and dental) if the participants opt out of self -insured health insurance.
icipate in group nce benefits
ITEM BACKGROUND: The County wishes to know whether it must allow its employees to opt out
of the self -insured health plan.
PREVIOUS RELEVANT BOCC ACTION: None.
CONTRACT/AGREEMENT CHANGES: None.
STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS:
Approval
TOTAL COST:10 INDIRECT COST: BUDGETED: Yes _&_No
DIFFERENTIAL OF LOCAL PREFERENCE:
COST TO COUNTY: N/A SOURCE OF FUNDS:
REVENUE PRODUCING: Yes _ No X AM`pUNT PER MONTH Year
PjG` �V
APPROVED BY: Cou
nty Atty — OMB/Purl(as:ng Risk Management
DOCUMENTATION: Included
DISPOSITION:
Revised 7/09
Not Required
AGENDA ITEM #
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMIMIDNERS
OUNTYMON ROE
..,/�
Mayor Heather Carruthers, District 3
Mayor Pro Tern David vice. District 4
Kim Wigington, District 1
KEY WEST FLOFADA 33000
t305r 2944wr
George Neugent; District 2
Sylvia J. Murphy, DIstrIGt 5
Monroe County
Board of County Commissioners
Office of the County Administrator
The Historic Gato Cigar Factory's
,.
1100 Simonton Street, Suite 205
Key West, FL 33040�,�
(303) 2924441 — Phone
..�
(305) 2924544 - Fax
Date
Attorney General
Department of Legal Affairs
The Capital PLO
Tallahassee, FL 32399-1050
Pursuant to Section 16.01(3), F.S., on behalf of the Monroe County Board of County
Commissioners, I am writing to request that your office provide an Attorney General Opinion on the
following questions:
1. Does Monroe County have the authority to mandate that its employees take our
insurance upon employment?
2. Can we and/or should we allow employees or retirees to choose to keep, for instance,
life insurance if they decide not to have the health insurance?
Enclosed herewith is a memorandum of law setting forth the County's legal analysis of the questions
Presented. Also attached is a copy of the minutes of the Board of County Commissioners showing
that a majority of the Board requested the formal opinion.
We appreciate your assistance on this matter. Should you have any questions, or if this office can be
of assistance as you review the materials, please feel free to contact either myself or Assistant
County Attorney Cynthia L. Hall at (305) 292-3470.
Sincerely,
Roman Gastesi
County Administrator
MEMORANDUM OF LAW
TO: Office of the Attorney General of Florida
Hon. Pam Bondi
FROM: Cynthia Hall, Assistant County Attorney
THRU: Roman Gastesi, County Administrator
DATE: May _, 2011
SUBJECT: Request for Opinion of the Attorney General re: Employee Opt -Out of
Self -Insurance and Group Insurance
t. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND FACTS
Monroe County, a non -charter county ("County") , offers an insurance benefits program
to a total of approximately 2,226 persons consisting of County employees, employees of
constitutional officers, retirees, dependents and spouses.
Monroe County currently requires that all of its employees and elected officials
participate in a self -insured health insurance plan, which includes a pharmacy benefit
component. Employees and elected officials are not charged a premium for the health
insurance for themselves. Retirees have the option of continuing in the plan following
retirement. Employees, officials and retirees are given the option of enrolling spouses
and dependents in the plan, and if they do so, they pay a premium for the dependents
and/or spouses.
The funds necessary for the self-insurance health insurance and pharmacy benefits
programs come from a combination of ad valorem taxes (departmental contributions) and
premiums paid by employees (only for dependent coverage) and retirees. The department
or constitutional officer employing the worker contributes $790 per employee per month
to fund the health insurance plan, including the pharmacy benefit component. Claims
and administrative costs are paid using these funds.
The other insurance programs offered by the County as employment benefits are group
insurance plans. These include vision, dental, and accidental death & dismemberment.
For vision and dental plans, the employee, official or retiree can elect to participate, in
which case the employee or retiree pays 100% of the premium. The County contracts
with the insurance carrier to provide the insurance. The employee, elected official or
retiree can also add spouses or dependents, and their premiums would be paid in full by
the employee or retiree. A nominal life insurance policy and accidental death &
dismemberment policy are also provided to employees, officials and retirees at no charge.
Claims made by the plan participants arc paid by the carriers. Employees, officials and
retirees may change their participation in all group insurance programs during one opt-
in/opt-out period each year.
Whereas participation in the self -insured plan (health insurance, with the pharmacy
benefit component) is mandatory, participation in the group insurance plans (vision,
dental) is voluntary. Theoretically participation in the life insurance and accidental death
& dismemberment programs is also optional, but because it is provided at no cost to the
employee, constitutional officer and retiree, no individual has attempted to opt out.
As a result of economic pressure, the County is considering whether it may in the future
charge a premium to employees and elected officials to participate in the health insurance
program, and if so, whether it may continue to require its employees and elected officials
to participate in the health insurance plan. Put another way, the County is wondering
whether it must allow employees and elected officials to opt out of the health insurance
plan if the County begins to charge the employees premiums.
II. QUESTIONS PRESENTED
The two questions being asked by the County are as follows:
1. Is the County required to allow its employees and elected officials to opt
out of its self -insured health insurance program whether a premium is charged or
not?
2. If the answer is no, then must the County allow employees, elected officials
and retirees the option to participate in group insurance programs if the individuals
elect not to participate in the self-insurance programs?
I. BRIEFANSWERS
1. The County is not required to allow its employees to opt out of its insurance
plans which are self -insured, although it may do so..
2. The language in Section 112.0801(1), F.S. does not require the County to
allow employees (and retirees) to opt out of group insurance programs. It appears,
because of the word ` oe, in Section 112.0801(1), that an employee or retiree
should be able to keep a group insurance program even if the County allows plan
participants to opt out of self-insurance and an employee or retiree does in fact opt
out of the self-insurance plan.
APPLICABLE LAW, ANALYSIS, AND CONCLUSION
A. Historical Background to Sections 112.08 through 112.14, F.S.
The authority for a non -charter county such as Monroe County to provide group
insurance for its employees and officers flows from Sections 112.08 through 112.14 of
the Florida Statutes.
Sections 112.08, .09, .10, .11, .12, .13 and .14 of the Florida Statutes were first passed by
the Florida legislature in 1941. As worded at the time, the sections only included a
reference to "group insurance." The statutory language did not include any mention of
"self insurance."
Section 112.08. F.S. was significantly amended in 1976, via Ch. 76-208. At the time,
section 112.08 essentially consisted only of what is now subsection (2)(a) of the current
statute. One of the most significant changes effected by Ch. 76-208 was to ddd the
following two sentences at the end of the statute as it then existed: "Each county...
may self -insure any plan for health, accident and hospitalization coverage subject to
approval based on actuarial soundness by the department of insurance. Each shall
contract with an insurance company or professional administrator qualified and
approved by the department of insurance to administer such plan. " F.S. I I2.08(2)(b),
which was added subsequently, goes on to state that in order to have a self -insured plan,
each local government unit must initially submit its plan to the Office of Insurance
Regulation for approval together with a certificate from an actuary attesting to the plan's
actuarial soundness, and thereafter must receive annual approval.
Section 112.0801, F.S., which governs the availability of insurance plans for retirees, was
added by the Florida legislature in 1976. As initially enacted, the section only stated that
retirees must be able to participate in group insurance. In 1981, via SB 189, which
became Ch. 81-103, the Florida legislature added the words "or self-insurance plan." The
words remain there today. In pertinent part, Section 112.0801(1) states: "Any ... county
... which provides life, health, accident, hospitalization, or annuity insurance, or all of
any kinds of such insurance, for its officers and employees and their dependents upon a
group insurance plan or self-insurance plan shall allow all former personnel who have
retired ... and their eligible dependents, the option of continuing to participate in such
group insurance plan or self-insurance plan."
Sections 112.11 and 112.14 have been amended twice since 1941. In 1972, via Ch. 72-
338 (attached), the legislature amended the sections to add the word "officer" in addition
to employees, to make it clear that officers were also entitled to withdraw voluntarily
From group insurance programs. In 1995, the sections were amended again to make them
gender -neutral.
In 1985, the legislature added sections 112.0804 (dealing with Medicare supplement
policies for retirees) and 112.0805 (stating that employers who provide insurance
coverage under 112.0801 must notify employees who retire of their eligibility to continue
in either group insurance or self-insurance).
Terminology
The terms "group insurance" and "self-insurance" have never been defined in Chapter
112.
Section 627.652, F.S., which is within the chapter on insurance rates and contracts,
defines the term "group hgiM insurance" to include self -insured plans. "The terms
'policy', 'insurance policy,' `health insurance olio
health insurance policy' include plans of self-insurance proving health insuran e,group
benefits." 627.652(2), F.S. However, by its terms, the definition in section 627.652 is
only applicable to Ch. 627, part IV, because the section begins with the words "As used
in this part . . . ." In any event, by its language, section 627.652 only applies to health
insurance, not any other form of insurance offered by the County as an employment
benefit (e.g., life insurance, accidental death & dismemberment).
Analysis
"The most basic rule of statutory construction is, of course, that when a statute is plain on
its face its meaning should not be expanded by judicial interpretation." St. Petersbuig
Bank and Trust Co. v Hamm, 414 So.2d 1071 (Fla. 1982). In this instance, the Florida
legislature could have included the words "self-insurance" in sections 112.11 and 112.14
(in order to allow employees to opt out of self -insured plans) had it wished to do so., on
at least three occasions. Clearly, the legislature could have done so in 1976, when it was
amending 112.08 to add the sentences giving counties to the right to engage in self-
insurance plans in addition to having a group insurance plan, and also in 1976 when it
was adding section 112.080 L Likewise, the legislature could have added the language in
1985, when it was adding section 112.0805, which itself specifically includes a reference
to self-insurance in addition to group insurance. Thus, in using the term "self-insurance"
in certain locations, and not others, the Florida legislature appears to have intended to
create a distinction between opt -out provisions applied to group insurance plans as
compared to self-insurance plans.
This conclusion is buttressed by the fact that the amendment to F.S. 112.08 (adding the
two sentences giving local entities the ability to self -insure) in 1976 in fact occurred one
year after the Attorney General issued an opinion, opining that under Section 112.08 as it
existed in 1975, a local school district could not offer a self-insurance plan to its
employees. Tee AGO 75-256. The 1976 change to section 112.08 appears to have been
prompted by this AGO. When the Florida legislature amended section 112.08 the
following year to give local governments the authority to offer self-insurance in addition
to group insurance, it could also have amended 112.11 and 112.14 to allow the opt -out
requirements to apply to self-insurance as well as group insurance. It did not.
Because the Florida legislature did not do so, the inescapable conclusion is that sections
112.11 and 112.14 mean what they say: That participation in group insurance plans is
voluntary, and a retiree can withdraw from the grouR insurance plan at any time.
Conversely, the fact that there is no language referring to self-insurance plans means that
counties are free either to allow employees to opt out or not, but are not required to allow
employees to opt out. There is no indication in the statute that this conclusion is
dependent upon whether employees are receiving health insurance under a self -insured
plan for free (as is the case now), or are being charged a premium.
Likewise, the plain statutory language appears to state that employees have the option of
staying in group programs if they withdraw from self -insured plans. As mentioned
above, F.S. 112.0801(1) states that any county "shall allow all former personnel who have
retired ... the option of continuing to participate in such group insurance plan or self-
insurance plan" (emphasis added). The use of the word ` or" is significant. Likewise,
language in sections 112.11 and 112.14, giving a means of opting out of group insurance,
but not self -insured plans suggests that a current employee could opt out of the group
insurance programs even if the employee was not allowed to opt out of the self -insured
plan. Conversely, the fact that there is no language prohibiting a county from allowing its
employees and retirees to opt out of a self-insurance plan is also significant, for the same
reason. The Florida legislature could have added this language, and did not.
This appears to be a situation not yet addressed directly by Florida courts. Other
Attorney General opinions likewise are helpful, though somewhat distinguishable on the
facts. For example, in AGO 2008-0, the Attorney General concluded that the City of Live
Oak could allow its officers and employees to opt out of a group insurance
plan. However, (a) the facts involved only group insurance, not self-insurance, and (b)
the opinion was applied to a city, not a non -charter county. In AGO 94-52, the Attorney
General opined that a city could permit an employee of the city's retirement system
(possibly a separate corporation) to participate in the city's self-insurance program if the
city determined that it served a public purpose. However, again, this opinion applied to a
city, not a non -charter county. Cities have more latitude to take actions than non -charter
counties by virtue of their status as municipal corporations.
Conclusions
There appears to be no statutory language which requires the County to allow its
employees to opt out of self -insured health insurance plans, even if they are being
charged a premium for the benefit. Sections 112.11 and 112.14, F.S, do say that
employee participation ingrout) insurance shall be "entirely voluntary" at all
times. However, it appears that when the Florida legislature used the term "group
insurance," it did so deliberately — and it was distinguishing between group insurance and
self -insured plans. Therefore, Sections 112.11 and 112.14, F.S. do not appear to require
the County to allow its employees to opt out of the County's self -insured plan, but would
require the County to allow employees to opt out of any group insurance plans.
Conversely, nothing in Chapter 112 prevents the County from allowing its employees to
Opt out of the County's self-insurance plans.
In light of the answer to the first question, the second question is moot. However, it is
helpful to point out that the County is required to allow at least retirees to keep group
insurance programs (e.g., life insurance) even if this group of employees elects not to
participate in the self -insured health insurance plan in light of the statutory language in
F.S. 112.0801(1), which states that any county "shall allow all former personnel who
have retired ... the option of continuing to participate in such group insurance plan or
self-insurance plan."
f t
FAX COVER SHEET
OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
OPIIVIONS DIVISION
THE CAPITOL, PL-01
TAL.LAHASSEE, FL 32399-1060
(850) 245-0158
FAX: (860) 922-3969
0-1t ) JCL
7reresaI--
-
m(. o.k..
L'o
Date: September 21, 2011
To: Roman Gestesl
Fax 305-292-4544
From: Shelia R. Hail
Pages: 6, not including this cover sheet
Subject Formal Opinion — self -Insured health insurance program
COMMENTS:
Attached Is AGO 2011-18. If this office can be of further assistance, please do not
hesitate to contact us.
This office now provides access to formal Attorney General Opinions dating back to
1974 through a searchable database on the Attorney General's Internet home page at:
ft:/Imlfto-rldaleaal.com orldaleaal.com
STATE OF FLORIDA
PAM BONDI
ATTORNEY GENERAL
September 21, 2011
11-18
Mr. Roman Gastesl
Monroe County Administrator
The Historic Gato Cigar Factory
1100 Simonton Street, Suite 205
Key West, Florida 33040
Dear Mr. Gastesi:
You have asked substantially the following questions:
I. May Monroe County require its employees and elected officials to
participate in its self -Insured health insurance program, regardless of
whether a premium Is charged?
2. If the answer is yes, then must the County allow employees, elected
officials, and retirees the option to participate In group Insurance programs
(offering coverage for dental, vision, and accidental death or
dismemberment) if the Individuals elect not to participate In the self -
Insurance program?
In sum:
1. Monroe County may not require its employees and elected ofWalo to
participate In its self -Insured health insurance program.
2. There Is no statutory requirement that Monroe County must allow
employees, elected officials, and retirees to participate In optional group
Insurance programs, such as dental, vision, and accidental death or
dismemberment plans, offered to county employees and elected officials
when the Individuals elect not to participate in the county's self -Insured
group program.
You State that Monroe County currently requires all employees and elected
officials to participate in a self -Insured health Insurance plan which also has pharmacy
e
Bdk,1JnPLQYea&artdAIBCAd.offi+cla m----- chetped a.premiurnA"Ag eeut -
P"" 7R* Capps!, 7bllahats", Florida 3239Q-1050, AlWhone (850) 4I4-3300 Fax (850) 4s7.2s64
Mr. Roman Gasteal
Page Two
contributing $790.00 monthly per employee for participation In the plan. The county
provides nominal life Insurance and accidental death and dismemberment plans at no
charge to Its employees and elected officials. Retirees have the option of continuing In
the plan at their own expense. All participants have the option to enroll spouses and
dependents In the plan at an additional premium cost paid by the employee, elected
official, or retiree. Funding for the program and pharmacy benefits is derived from ad
valorem taxes and premiums collected for coverage of retirees, spouses, and
dependents.
The county offers optional Insurance plans for vision, dental, and accidental
death and dismemberment, available at the expense of employees or elected officials.
While the self-insurance plan Is mandatory, employees and elected officials may
change their participation in all other group Insurance programs during an opt-In/opt-out
period each year.
Question One
to: Section 112.08(2)(a), Florida Statutes, authorizes every local governmental unit
(P'jrovide and pay out of its available funds for all or part of the premium
for life, health, acddent, hospitalization, legal expense, or annuity
Insurance, or all or any kinds of such insurance, for the officers and
employees of the local governmental unit and for health, accident,
hospitalization, and legal expense insurance for the dependents of such
officers and employees upon s group Insurance plan and, to that end, to
enter into contracts with Insurance companies or professional
administrators to provide such insurance. , .. Each local govemmental
unit may soNnsure any plan for health, accident, and hospitalization
coverage or enter Into a risk management consortium to provide such
coverage, subject to approval based on actuarial soundness by the Office
of Insurance Regulation; and each shall contract with an insurance
company or professional administrator qualified and approved by the
office to administer such a plan. (e.s.)
The authority for local govemmental units to provide group insurance to their
employees originated In 1941.' Officers were added as eligible participants in 1972?
As originally enacted, the act stated that participation In such group Insurance by any
I See Ch. 20862, Laws of Fla, (1941), authorizing all governmental units In Florida to set up group
Insurance plane for employees
' Bea.Ch.- o
z'wisi.Lawa of Flar4187?
Mr. Roman Gestesi
Page Three
employee "shall be entirely voluntary at all Urnes.14 The not further required a written
request thorn the public employee before the employer could deduct the costs of
premiums from the employee's wages.4 While the language in section 112.08, Florida
Statutes, was substantially reworded in 1978, the only significant alteration was to
provide local governing units authority to "self -insure any plan for health, accident and
hospitalization coverage[.j'a The provisions In the act recognizing participation Is
voluntary and the requirement of written authorization from the officer or employee fcr
deductions to be made from his or her wages for premiums present In the original act
remain Intact today and are contained In section 112.11. Florida Statutes, which states:
The participation In such group insurance by any officer or employee shall
be entirely voluntary at all times. Any officer or employee may, upon any
payday, withdraw or retire from such group Insurance plan, upon giving
the employer written notice thereof and directing the discontinuance of
deductions from wages In payment of such premiums. (e.a.)
The plain language of the statute relates to voluntary participation In "group
Insurance." not a particular plan that may be provided through an insurance company, a
professional administrator, or self-insurance. The term "group Insurance plan" Is not
defined for purposes of the act, but the Intent of the Legislature in the enactment of the
law is clearly stated In section 112.14, Florida Statutes:
It Is hereby declared to be the purpose and Intent of this law to make
available upon a voluntary participation basis to the several officers and
employees aforesaid. the economics, protection and benefits of group
insurance not available to each officer and employee as an Individual. It is
also the purpose and Intent of this law to provide authority for the payment
of premiums or changes for group Insurance for county officers whose
compensation is fixed by chapter 1451n addition to the compensation
provided in chapter 145. (e.s.)
It is well settledthatlegislative Intent Is the polestar that guides a courts statutory
construction analysis. While the authorized means for a local government to provide
group insurance were expanded to Include self-insurance or participation In a risk
Section 4, Ch 20852, Lem of Fla. (1941).
ctlon 3, Ch. 20852, Laws of Fla. (1941).
Sw s. I. Ch. 76-208, Laws of Fla. (1978), subota ntlally rewording sectlon 112.08, Fla Slat., tons
resent form allowing local governmental units to self -Insure Its group Insurance plan.
See Stele V. We, 789 So. 2d 288, 292 (Fla, 2001); Mrl aughlln v. Sta
INS).te, 721 50. 2d 1170, 1172 (Fla,
Mr. Roman Gastesi
Page Four
management consortium? there Is nothing In the language of the statute or the
legislative history of section 112.06, Florida Statutes, to indicate a change In the
Legislature's Intent that employees and officers voluntarily participate In the group
Insurance offered by local governing units.
Accordingly, it Is my opinion that Monroe County may not require Its officers and
employees to participate in Its self -insured group health Insurance plan.
Question Two
As noted above, section 112.08, Florida Statutes, authorizes local governmental
units to provide all or part of the premium for life, health, accident, hospitalization, legal
expense, or annuity insurance, or "all or any kinds of such insurance" for their officers
and employees. The governmental unit may also provide and pay for health, accident,
hospitalization, and legal expense Insurance for the dependents of such officers and
employees. In providing such Insurance, each local governmental unit "may determine
the portion of the cost, If any, of such fund, plan, or program to be paid by officers or
employees of the local governmental unit and fit the amounts b be paid by each such
officer or employee as will best serve the public interest."°
The discretionary authority for local governmental units to provide and pay for
group Insurance, however, does not appear to carry with It an obligation to provide
group Insurance, nor does it require the offering of additional types of insurance, such
as optional insurance plans for vision, dental, and accidental death and dismemberment
or require the county to allow participation by those who have opted out of the group
insurances Section 112.0801, Florida Statutes, provides:
Any state agency, county, municipality, special district, community college,
or district school board which provides life, health, accident,
hospitalization, or annuity Insurance, or all of any kinds of such insurance,
for its officers and employees and their dependents upon a group
Insurance plan or self-insurance plan shall allow all former personnel who
retired before October 1, 1987, as well as those who refire on or after such
date, and their eligible dependents, the option of continuing to participate
In such group Insurance plan or self -Insurance plan. Retirees and their
r See House Commwce Committee, Tape 1 of 2. Side 8, April 27,1976, reflecting that the purpose of
authorizing local govnmmental units to self -fund group insurance Is to lower rates and allow local
governmental unite to receive the Interest that Scones on the premiums paid Into the fund, rather then the
grlvote Insurance company; further reiterating that the bill Is merely permissive, not mandatory.
section 112.O0(3), Fla, Slat.
Mr. Roman Oastesi
Page Fire
eligible dependents shall be offered the same health and hospitalization
insurance coverage as is offered to active employees at a premium cost of
no more than the premium cost applicable to active employees. For
retired employees and their eligible dependents, the cost of continued
participation may be paid by the employer or by the retired employees..
When a statute enumerates the things upon which It operates, it is ordinarily
construed as excluding from Its operation all things not expressly mentloned.10 Thus,
the Legislature In section 112.0801, Florida Statutes, has prescribed those instances In
which a local governing unit is taquired to allow others than Its officers and employees,
In this case retirees, to participate In a group Insurance plan offered by the unit, It Is
beyond the authority of this office to read additional requirements Into the statute or to
extend its application to other types of group insurance offered by a governmental
unit."
There Is nothing In sections 112.08 or 112.0801, Florida Statutes, nor has any
other statutory provision been brought to my attention, requiring the county to allow
participation In its optional dental, vision, and accidental death or dlsmemberment group
plans by anyone other than those who are designated by the county as eligible to do so.
While, as discussed in Question One, participation In the group insurance provided by
the county Is voluntary, nothing in the appllcabie statutes mandates the types of
Insurance which must be offered.
Accordingly, it Is my opinion that Monroe County Is not required to allow
employees, elected officials, and retirees to participate In optional group Insurance
programs, such as dental, vision, and accldentai death or dismemberment plans,
offered to county employees and elected officials, If the Individuals elect not to
participate In the county's self -insured group program.
Sincerely,
ay.b6olk
Pam Bondi
Attorney General
PBltels
10 See Thayer v, Sfft. 335 So. 2d 815, 817 (Fla. 1976) (enumeratlon of spex:lft items Implies the
exclusion of othere not mentioned).
11 See, e.g., Board of County Commbobnem of Monroe County V. Department of CommunllyA/hht, SW
So. 2d 240 (Fla. 3d DCA 1990) (In construing a statute, courts cannot atbibute to the leltlelature an intent
beyond that expressed),
Mr. Roman Gastesl
Page Six
RE: COUNTIES — INSURANCE — GROUP INSURANCE — ability of
county to require participatIon In counts self -insured group insurance
program. Be. 112.08,112.11, and 112.14, Fla. Stat.
4D.
A Division of Gallagher Benefit Services, Inc.
February 1.2012
Ms. Teresa Aguiar
Division Director. Employee Services Division
Monroe County Board of County Commissioners
1100 Simonton St.
Key West, FL 33040
Re: Employee Health Plan Opt Out Analysis
Dear Teresa:
I thought it might be helpful to summarize the assumptions and findings of the analysis we prepared regarding the
treatment of employees who opt out of the County health plan in the future. Our understanding is that the County is
going to allow current enrollees and future hires to opt out of the health plan, and at the same time is considering
charging a premium to future hires who elect to enroll in the plan but select single coverage. Currently, active
employees do not contribute towards the cost of single coverage, and for current enrollees that would continue.
Our analysis consisted of the following steps:
• We estimated the % of existing enrollees with single coverage that would elect to opt out ofthe plan. We
assumed those already covering dependents would not opt out. We assumed 5% would opt out, and that all
of the opting out would take place in the first year.
• We estimated the % of future hires that would elect either to opt out of the plan or to take single coverage
under the plan. We looked at a range of alternatives for the % opting out since we have no historical data.
• We projected the cumulative number of employees opting out over the next 3 years, assuming an annual
turnover rate of 10% based on data from the County.
• We Projected the value of employee contributions that would be charged to the new hires, using a premium
of $50 per month in the first year with gradual increases thereafter.
• We estimated the reduction in plan costs that would result from current and future employees opting out of
the plan. This includes both claim costs and administrative fees. We assumed that employees who opt out
of the plan will, on average, be 50% less costly than those who elect to take the coverage.
• We estimated the loss of revenue to the plan that would result from the Board paying less than the current
Department rate of $790 per employee per month for fi ture opt outs. We assumed that departments would
continue to be charged $320 per employee per month for future opt outs, based on our estimate of the
Portion of the current funding that goes to pay for items other than the cost of employee coverage.
We modeled the impact that these changes would have on both the plan and the Board. The impact on the plan is a
function of the reduced funding due to the loss of revenue for employee opting out offset by reduced plan costs for
those same opt outs and by the premiums collected from future employees who take single coverage. We project a
loss to the plan of approximately $100,000 in the first year, primarily because the loss of revenue is expected to
exceed the reduction in expenses for the current enrollees who opt out. The results for future years depend on how
many new hires are assumed to opt out. As morn lives are assumed to opt out, the loss associated with those lives
increases (because their costs are assumed to be less than the funding that is lost) and the number of new hires from
whom premium is collected decreases, so the results get worse. If 10 new hires opt out each year, the loss to the
plan gradually falls, with a Yd year projected loss of $20,000. If20 new hires opt out each year, the loss is projected
to stay flat at right around $100,000 per year, and if 30 new hires opt each year, the loss is expected to grow to
$175,000 by the 3rd year.
HeulthcaceAnal�t;eR mllvisioircrtattr[gherCnctervices', ��__55 = ..
c.. Ga&n Rd., Ntc 400E, Roca Raton. 1-1.3343,
PH: 561-998.6755 - FU%! 56-995.6708
Teresa Aguiar
February 1, 2012
Page 2
We estimated the net gain/ (loss) to the Board by adding the net gain/ (loss) to the plan to the reduction in Board
funding based on the reduced Departmental rate required for lives opting out. The logic here is that any gain or loss
to the plan is ultimately a gain or loss to the Board, so the net impact to the Board is their reduction in funding plus
whatever happens to the plan. For example, if the plan loses $50,000 because of the opt out provision, but the Board
contributes $200,000 less, then the Board has really had a net benefit of $150,000. We project a first year benefit to
the Board of approximately $200,000, and by year 3 we project a gain to the Board of between $400,000 and
$600,000, depending on how many new hires opt out. The Board results improve as more lives are assumed to opt
out since the reduction in the Department rate for opt outs more than offsets the additional loss to the plan.
Overall, this is a "safe" approach and will generate moderate savings to the Board. We looked at other assumptions
regarding the number of current and future employees opting out, and all of the scenarios produced at least some
gain to the Board. Even if only the healthiest of employees opt out, we still expect a small gain to the Board,
although the plan itself would experience larger losses. It ultimately comes down to the fact that covering fewer
people can only result in a lower total cost, even if the average cost might go up if the opt outs consist of healthier
lives. Combined with the premium that will be charged to future hires for single coverage, the net impact to the
Board will be favorable under any set of assumptions we use. I believe this is a reasonable approach to dealing with
the opt out issue.
Let me know if you have any questions or need any additional information.
Sincerely,
V��%2�
Glen R. Volk, FSA, MAAA
Vice President tit Consulting Actuary
ter-Benefitervices, nc, Healthcare Analytics
r i h n k i n g o h e. d a division of f,allasher Benefit Service,-, Inc.