Item H08BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY
Meeting Date: September 16, 2015 Department: Building
Bulk Item: Yes X No — Staff Contact Person/Phone #: Christine Hurley, 289-2517
Ed Koconis, 453-8727
AGENDA ITEM WORDING: Approval of a resolution of the Monroe County Board of County
Commissioners adopting FEMA Technical Bulletin 7 "Wet Floodproofing Requirements" dated
December 1993 as required pursuant to Monroe County Code Section 122-2(c).
ITEM BACKGROUND: Chapter 122 of the Monroe County Code "Floodplain Management"
includes rules for interpreting flood hazard issues. The building official shall be guided by the current
edition of FEMA's 44 CFR, and FEMA's interpretive letters, policy statements and technical bulletins
as adopted from time to time by the board of county commissioners. FEMA's Technical Bulletins
("bulletins") provide guidance concerning the building performance standards of the National Flood
Insurance Program (NFIP), which are contained in Title 44 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations.
The bulletins are intended for use primarily by State and local officials responsible for interpreting and
enforcing NFIP regulations and by members of the development community, such as design
professionals and builders. New bulletins, as well as updates to existing bulletins, are issued
periodically as needed. The bulletins do not create regulations; rather they provide specific guidance
for complying with the minimum requirements of existing NFIP regulations. Adopting these
documents as well as internal County policies would serve to allow the County to not only remain in
the NFIP as stated in Section 122-1(b), but also to move forward with the intent of becoming eligible
to enter FEMA's Community Rating System (CRS). The proposed resolution would adopt FEMA
Technical Bulletin 7 "Wet Floodproofing Requirements" dated December 1993 as required pursuant to
Monroe County Code Section 122-2(c).
PREVIOUS RELEVANT BOCC ACTION:
January 18, 1994 — BOCC approved Ordinance No. 002-1994 adding the language "as adopted by
resolution from time to time by the Board of County Commissioners" to the rules for interpreting flood
hazard issues.
July 15, 2015 — BOCC rejected proposed ordinance amending Section 122-2(c) and directed staff to
continue proposing resolutions for adoption of both new and amended documents to be used by the
building official for guidance on floodplain management,
TOTAL COST: N/A INDIRECT COST: N/A BUDGETED: Yes No N/A
DIFFERENTIAL OF LOCAL PREFERENCE: N/A
COST TO COUNTY: N/A SOURCE OF FUNDS: N/A
REVENUE PRODUCING: Yes No N/A AMOUNT PER MONTH N/A Year
APPROVED BY: County Atty X vl`�q OMB/Purchasing Risk Management
DOCUMENTATION: Included X Not Required
DISPOSITION: AGENDAITEMM
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MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA
'i 1! Ci.■r �'
WHEREAS, Monroe County is currently a participating community in the National
Flood Insurance Program. (NFIP) and is working on internal County policies to improve upon its
interpretation of NFIP regulations; and
WHEREAS, Monroe County desires to become eligible to enter FEMA's Community
Rating System (CRS); and
WHEREAS, Monroe County Code Section 122-2(c), in part, requires that in interpreting
other provisions of this chapter, the building official shall be guided by the current edition of
FEMA's 44 CFR, and FEMA's interpretive letters, policy statements and technical bulletins as
adopted by resolution from time to time by the board of county commissioners;
THEREFORE,BE IT RESOLVED BY THE BOARD OF i
COMMISSIONERSOF MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA:
Section 1. Pursuant to Monroe County Code Section 122-2(c), the Board hereby adopts
FEMA Technical Bulletin 7 "Wet Floodproofing Requirements" dated December 1993, a copy
of which is attached hereto.
Section 2. The Clerk of the Board is hereby directed to forward one (1) certified copy of
this Resolution to the Building Department.
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PASSED ADD ADOPTED by the Beard of County Commissioners of Monroe County,
Florida, at a regular meeting held on the 16th of September, 2015.
Mayor Danny L. Kolhage
Mayor pro tent Heather Carruthers
Commissioner Sylvia Murphy
Commissioner George Neugent
Commissioner David Dice
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
OF MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA
I
(SEAL)
ATTEST: AMY HEAVILIN, CLERK
Deputy Clerk
Mayor Danny L. Kolhage
r a .
®~^ loo proof «* Requirements
2 Structures Located in Special Flood Hazard Areas
in accordance nc with the
National Flood Insurance Program
DERAL [ ¥ akNcY MANAGEMENTAGENCY
MITIGATIONDIRECTORATE
FEDERAL | uRANCE2omwm79gN
11-10
lechnical
�ICEn
7-93
EM
FI& 7
12/93
This index allows the user to; locate key words and subjects 'in this Technical Bulletin.
'Me Technical Bulletin User's Guide (printed separately) provides references to key
words and subjects throughout the Technical Bulletins. For definitions of selected
terms, refer to the Glossary at the end of this bulletin.
231L�E�
Accessory Structures
Agricultural Structures
4
Functionally Dependent Use
3
Garages, Attached to Residential Structure
2
Garages, Attached to Non -Residential Structure
2
Garages, Detached From Structure
3
Historic Buildings
3
Variances from NFIP Requirements
3
Variances, Issuance in Designated Floodways
3
Wet Floodproofmg, Definition of
I
Wet Floodproofing, Engineering Considerations
I I
Wet Floodproofing, Flood Insurance Implications
5
Wet Floodproofing, Planning Considerations
8
3=6=
FENIAfMitigation Directorate
Program Development Branch
500 C St., S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20472
Technical Bulletin 7-93 replaces Technical Bulletin 8;5-1 (draft) 'Wet FloodprooflnI3
Graphic design 1ased on the japanese print The Great Wave Off Kanagawa, by Katsushika: Hok
(1760-1849), Asiatic collection, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. i
MORO rw3pian
Wet 1 1 1 /-! 1 f', ' Requirements
.,1 f1 f for Buildings 1 1 in
Special
Flood Hazard 1Areas 1Accordancewith the A 1 l. Flood Insurance
Program
This
,, i bulletin describes planning, design, and construction
certain typesstructures!! their I ber the NationalFlood i b` : 11
rye 1-he basici,racteristic that distinguishes wet r,tbEi !r from dry f1c000dproorl
is the internal flooding ofa structure asopposed o providing essentially
watertight
protection.Specifically, wet r.::i Irb ioi. : 'canbe defined
Permanentor contingentmeasures applied o, . structure and/orits contentsthat
tr
r? I: or provide resistance to damage from flooding b allowing b:...t# waters to
enterthe ' structure.
Flooding ! structure'sinterior intended tocointeract hydrostatic pressure on f
surfaces,r r supports of re structureby equalizinginterior and
accordance
exteriorwater levels during r<rbInundation also r+b ., the the NFIP, Wet
dangerof buoyancy t I A. hydrostatic ur .t: Such
measuresmay require_w r# of . structure's design r fw Floodprooftng is
cDnstruction,useof flood -resistant materials,adjustment of t r in ontv
building operation r1 maintenance procedures, relocation and UM&edS&Uations
treatment of equipment and contents, and emergency
,preparedness ft actions sr II.11 intervention.
Application of "t! AIb 't b fas aflood protection technique underthe ` P limited dt
specific situations in A Zones (including A, AE, Al-30, AH, AO, AR zones). For certain
uses and typesof r, dwcnbed in this bulletin, communities may allow
,r t 11 M '-r r 1 `.` only through theissuanceofa variancefromcertainr # b r b r. management
...
requirements.The situations. r,:1 conditions1 which a comminity may allow
wet
floodproofingdescribed :: i detail 'i. the section entitled ApplicabUity.
For 1 inzones (includes E !zones),more stringent design and
con struction requirements have been eVablished for the
portion of structurebelow
.te.. the
rib S tr4 p s.' t 1 't 41 r.a E b i ir;`. i 1 . 1 i'.'.. b r °yb '. t t 1: ¢b •. to . 1
refer �. I 'r Pe regulations
..„ : tint 1 I:.r . r:: •Section b • _ TechnicalBulletin
� '.eb r. b 1''..
":MA's "Coastal Construction Manual':1
Certain categories:ofstructures FEMA has advised communitiesthat variances
n1low wet floodprooflng may be issued.
Communities must determinewhethera variance fromlocalfloodplain management
regulations may be issued to allow wet floodproofing for the categories of structures
described in this section.To make such a determination,community
minimum, apply the NFIP variance criteria set forth in the 44 ` Section 60.6.
Included in these criteria is the requirement that the variance be the minimum
necessary to afford relief, consideringflooding i i f i wns at the site. This
that when a community issues a variance from elevation or dry floodproofing
requirements, ! 1 must still be protected I— maximum extent possible
w
using an appropriate alternative flr!r protection technirw! rr a,
To properly administerof a variance for wetwrrli rw w I .
should w have 1review procedures ce place.These
., variance c -' procedures must be
within- bounds of "' enabling law and meet the
minimum requirements of
EP
Variances to allow wet floodproofing may be wr the following cate•w of
Themstructures must comply1 floodway# ,.d 1 m. • N provisions
1 r#Regulations Naccordancewithsection N f N
Structures Dependent On Close NCertain
structures that must be located near water are functionally dependent uses, as
defined in section ,.i and are permitted o be wet floodproofed after the
issuanceof f from I• elevation and dry floodproofing
requirements. rcertain types of docidng, seafood
sectionprocessing, and port facilities associated with marine activities. Specific
criteria for
variance for functionally dependent uses are established 'in
60.6(a)(7). issuing Theser +requirement or
development be protected by methods that minimize flood damage and create
no additional I to public
Historic 'issued for the
repairirehabilitationof r defined i, t r F r 1, upon
the determination that t! proposed repaor w w': not preclude
the ructure's continued designation of r and the variance is
the minimum n:e • preserve the historic r w.esign of the
Accessory vi used solely fori, rg (two-cardetached garages or
or f w storagelow-cost ter-): If a community wish- w
allow a non-elevated/non-dryrwr! w,w er accessory
communitywlish the meaning of r r and small accessory
Communities allow wet floodproofingof
provided that they representr. r are designed to
ra r,ri-a' potential w:, to the structure and contents.
p': following requirements,iAu1NN mustbe attached A k:-rvariance
foran accessorystructure:
2) the portions of these structures located below the BFE must be constructed
A flood -resistant
must t be designed Eallow for the A 1 !: E flood E k waters;
A...::vk to A:':
above the
must complyfloodway encroachmentprovisions of the NFEP
Regulations; and
E:
6) its use must be limited to parking and/or limited storage.
Some A kipl k [` have included :k provisions 1 their floodplain management ordinance
for permitting the construction of ! *. •A .a.. small detached 4 sk :"t ' i t -...I
communities p F' to regulate the placement of such structures +Ethismanner
Certain
*Farm Storage Structures used exclusively for the storage of farm
machinery ani equipmentpole and pre -fabricated metal frame ` structures
P- General purpose barns for - i irary feeding of f provided
they remain 1i.n on one side.
in addition to the variance requirements 1-5 under the Accessory Structure category
presented above, variance for an agriculturalalso be limited to
agricultural putposes.
Existing E Structures ThatNot 1b--' rtially Improved or Substantially
Daniaged
! � • + r i Y s.: ! 9 . _ ! Y i €if i ! . M ! , f i r f - ;�-
i,.,-. , . ,: f i fMY i f r '., f ' - ! r :, �✓ � i 7 i - . r ': f "..
It must be emphasized that varWncesgranted f'.respect 1 floodplain
management requiremmts and do not EA flood t Ii; ' I c;: ` 1 '.
Federal Insurance Nc' Administration, 1statute,must chargeinsurmm
rates
commensurate I therisk1 which a building exposed. imunmee rates for
i d 1' constructedunder variancesare generallyhigher than for
instances 1 r'..:t 1,additional
costs 1 insuring these Y € N+ theyarenot elevated or floodproofed, in
accordance `. II M° :I 1 the NFlPrequirements,would approach or evenexceed the
costs of meetWgelevation or dry floodprooringrequirements,and the
structure would still be exposed to flood damages.
'
In accordance r the NFEP regulations,communities must notify 1
applicant 1writbag 1" the issuance ofa variancewW resultin, bwxessed
€ :.11 11ratesfor flood bmsurance and d:E increasesFE
that YIconstruction below€ A'+
1 11': property 60.6(a)(5)].
"Variances shall only be, d by x community uponFshowingof good and
sufficient cause,rd)d determination t- t rfailure}grantx variance would
exceptional hardship to the applicant,and d R fa ! thatgranting of d:
variance i not A in flood dx ld increased j d Ft 1 public
sqfely, exonordinarypublic xense, create nuisances,x fraud on or
victimiza&n ofthepublic, or conActlocal a or ordinances;
"Variances only be d upon f determination avariance is the
minimum necessary, consideringflood r :a a A' to d] x d
ConcerningfunctionaUydependent!"Functionally
dependent use" is defined in section 59.1 as:
d 0 :d ! � F ,d I ai Mr r � :d x J A U r a>•!.Y;
"Variances may be issued by rcommunityfor constructionandsubstantial
a P d d r a ,,. d d e x 1 ! ar x
dependentprovided thatthe criteria ofparagraphs d x 1 of
this section are met, and (0) die structure or other development & proteded by
methodsthatmirdmiteflood dwage during base flood and
createm adtftional
threats / public !
Concerning variances i::. Wstoricstructures under ,. ! Ifvariancecriteria,
section §l • that:
r pax x Ye, •` ] x "} ,+ Ic': d �8 a d ,a x R '+ xl ..,
I fa rrx /� x d
1144ts j1j d
I 'Y rr
"Variances shall not be d by dcommunity withinany designated reguhitory
floodway if any _' d flood rlevelsduringbase flood discharge would
it should be noted that Technical Bulletins provide guidance on the minimum requirements
of the NFIP regulations. Community or State requirements that exceed those of the NFIP take
precedence. Those co:ntempilafing wet floodproofmg a structure should contact the community
wdetermine whether#re restrictive local or w apply w the structure or site
in question. All applicable standards of the State or local building code must also be met for
any structure in a special !RI hazard
!
• lRwIR Rw' .rw R i # 1 # w .t R 1=
R �w # w 1 + r ►- R:mow i i w, r' i t.•: #. '. w"
I a ♦:W �..°*:..
Safe access to a wet floodproofed structure may be # the determination of
whethere floodproofing is an appropriate designB # #ate that most
wet floodproofed structures will notneed to be accessed during flooding. In situatiw 1
there is a need to access the structure during conditions of flooding, safe access shall be
considered. In 1987, conducted a study of Ian stability in flood
#" conditions based on product 1" of depth of :R" multiplied 1 the floodwater
velocity. Pzsuks 1 this study S r M: :1d: that any floodplain location with a product # number
of 4 or greater (depth in feet multiplied by velocity in feet per second) will create a hazard
for anyone attemptingto escape from or # only
floodacceptable for wet floo4roofed structures if modifications are made to the site to reduce the
hazard and sufficient warning timeavailable to safely evacuate the site.
i. i '!'! 1 P
Sqgdway Fgcroachm= Encroachments, including fill, new construction, substantial
improvements, and other development within the adopted regulatory floodway are
prohibited under the NFEP unless it has been demonstrated, through hydrologic and
hydraulic analysis performed in accordance with standard engineering practice, that
the proposed r : k p ! ! ! - in flood levels within the
community during the occurrence of the base flood discharge. Floodways are usually
the most dangerous portion of the floodplain, containing the highest velocity and
debris -laden flood flows. Extreme cau! 'a I must be used in the placement of
structure in a floodway.
concerns.Duration: The amount of time a structure's interior is flooded presents two major
damage due to the deterioration of i:! tr interior
equipment/machinery, and contents generally increases with prolonged
inundation. The other concernis the financialloss due to business interruption,
determined by both the length of time inundated and time to clean-up. Financial losses
due
to disruption
..i.-! be
extreme.
^Il.. 11,E ,1 e.:!r1 M k : p 1'.. 1 Floodwaters may contain numerous contaminants +1:
areasare often caus& and toxic. In urbanized and industrialized areas, floodwater can
contain higher amounts of salts, alkalis, oils, wastes, chemicals, and debris. In
agricultural it r water ;.eoften contains, herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizers.
Based on !l1.. Ncharacteristics,somefloodingsources will contain higher
concentrates of suspended solids than others. Due to the action of "dirty" floodwater,
inundated materials, can absorb. and surfaces can become ct'; e 1 with mud, ! debris,and
grime,exposingcontentsand I buildingcomponentsto;'!
This often leads to residual deposits and odors after flood waters recede. These
deposits and odors can render a structure unsafe and non -occupiable for an extended
period of time after, the flood waters recede.
fttb- It is difficult to establish a safe range of flood depths for the use of wet
floodproofing, and perhaps inappropriate to attempt to do so. It is somewhat more
applicable r evaluate limiting factors. Manywet floodproofing:!Y A ! some
degree of either permanent or contingent elevation of contents, equipment, and
machinery. A maximum depth may be established as the depth that would preclude
the use of irtpti procedures ! protect
its rxr.riternts.
Water I=pg==@ In very cold weather, ice may pose significant problems in
implementing wet floodproofing, Ibe impact of large, water -borne, chunks of ice cu
damage or destroy a structure, and water that freezes inside of a structure can result
prioritized, particularly any evacuation that will be involved. The plan should I.Ii
completely tested to ascertain its practicality, and also should be reviewed and
updated following a flood event.
contents,
and/or
CC*--) 4 i #...! # 4
materials,'Mere are three main components to wet floodproofing a structure; design elements, flood
resistant protection of i application of i; floodproofing
techniques, developing floodproofmg strategyires site -specific evaluations
may necessitate the services of a design professional.
104,111 Mk I
" KII;.
Ito
I ITI a ! ' # 1 It fFT 0111
i' _ • i:" R €...
An extremely important consideration is that the structure be adequately anchored to
the foundation. Uplift forces during a flood event are often great enough to separate
an improperly anchored structure from its foundation.
cavity _ 4 Cynmwtion.Wet floodproofing equalizeshydrostatic pressure
throughout the structure by allowing floodwater to fill in all spaces and equalize
internal and external hydrostatic pressure. Thus, any attempt to seal intenW air
spaces within the wall system is not only technically difficult, but also contrary to tho
wet floodproofing I approach. Priwisions must be made so that the cavity space fills
with water and drains at a rate approximately equal to the floodwater rate -of -rise and
rf the cavity wall air space is filled with insulation, it should be a type that is not
subject to damage from inundation. Batt and blanket types such as spun mineral fiber
*r fiberglassbat insulation are nota# , ! '' as they retain water and contaminants
within their voids. Foam and closed cell type insulation have characteristics that can
withstand a certain level of inundation. These 'include polystyrene, expanded foam,
# thermal
The air space within the cavity wall will also be inundated by floodwater and the
contaminants - i. organic materials,I1
spacecavi after" floodwater has receded. Such contaminants can be hazardous tk
the aructure and the occupants; caustic chemicals can deteriorate building materials
and debns that harbors organic growth can be have associated bacterial problems and
odors. If a cavity wall is used, the cavity wall should have 'clean -out" access panels
that allow the internalspace a k be flushed with water or other ea.agentsis
fresh air to circulate within the cavity. Refer to FEMA 234, "Repairing Your
Flooded Home" for further guidance on cleaning wall cavities.
59jid W air spaces are considered
a QggMgWy, Wall systems without internal i
wall
construcfion, which includescast-in-placeconcrete,grouted cell masonry,
spacespressure treated wood- or metal -frame shell. Solid walls are designed withouut inte
I4 could retain floodwater.can be somewhat porous,
they can absorb moisture, and to a limited degree, associated contaminants. Such
porous wall sysI t.": that#' 1 R R moisture into thewall could
damageinternal #,e cold(freeze-thaw)climate. Solid walls made R non-
porous {;
construction made of porous material is being considered, the use of both exterior a
interior cladding with properties as described above for cavity wall systems is more:
desirable.
12
Wshes: The exterior cladding of . structure subjectto flooding should be
nonporous, resistant to chemical corrosion or debris deposits, and conducive to easy
Relatively impervious t brick, pressure -treated wood,
is
i concrete are someof +i ,b
exteriorAs with ofr cladding should be easy toclean and not
susceptible
t...:, i 1, damage #... inundation. # # i and relatively
suitable.impervious such as concrete, hard brick, plastic, and pressure -treated wood, are mol
no
type, such as hotdipped ei or
Where interior wall finishes are present, they shall meet the same flood resistani-
standards as all other materials located below the BFE.
Flom; Subfloor systems in wet floodproofed structures are normally concrete or
gravel. Materials that are attached to the concrete subfloor, such as tile, paint, or
wood, and the attachment mechanism (adhesives, nails, screws, etc.) that secures tb,;,
finish material to the subfloor structure, should be able to withstand 'inundation
associated with a base flood event without damage or alteration.
CgdjMKW p=f& When it is anticipated that flood levels will come in contact with
the ceiling,, flood resistant material requirements apply for ceiling materials and
attachment mechanisms (hangers, adhesives, screws). To protect the ceilings and
roofs from the pressure of entrapped air or water, pressure relief vents should be
used. Even in those cases where flood waters are expected to be below ceiling levels,
ceilings materials including attachment mechanisms should be able to withstand
prolonged exposure to moisture and humidity associated with flood and post -flood
Budding-EnygkU QygWag . Openings in a structure's floors, walls, ceilings, and
roofs are often enclosed by architectural components such doors, windowsi, louvers,
vents, skylights, etc. These # b ! iseals,
locks, and finishes. Again, even those
items not expected it r.4 # b:.. ta., -b must be
resistant to humidity and moisture damage. NFEP flood resistant material
requirements apply to all architectural components that are to be exposed to flooding
or resulting excessive moisture. All materials shall be capable of resisting damage
associated with a base flood event. Door systems include frame, hinges, threshold,
# panels. Sincesolid "wood wood laminate,or hollow core ,:.,f#! door b.nels may
warp, sweff and/or rat, sealed metals are preferable.
�3
Liguid Sign= Containers Liquid and gas containers are subject to extreme
hydrostatic pressure duringN. N Where possible, containersi N be
elevated to or above the BFE or located outside the floodplain. If a newly
constructed container will be subject to inundation, it is required under the NFIP to
be anchored to" t 1 i a buoyant fN.'` ;.... i' upon it in its emptyContainers
should have watertight fill capsandvents that extendabove the expected flood
! should y,... labelled according Ncontents. Labeling willallow
personnel to identify the contents in the event the tanks breaks , loose .::1! floats away.
it is important to note that underground tanks are also subject to uplift forces. Empty
tanks,both above and below ground, should be filled with potable prior N the
anival of N,..i t" post -flood disposal i of F'. possibly cN Ri: water
must be in accordance with applicable f:rid... state and local regulations.
7I 19 r 7 r. 1 o rl=7 ?
In accordance rallmaterials4 N r f N floodwater be durable,
resistant to flood forces, andretardant N deterioration caused by repeatedexposureN
Ni!water. Generally,performancemasonry
construction being the mostsuited N wetfloodproofingt:;.termsN damage resistance.
some wood i'. or steelir."candidates,provided that i N !
is
pressure treated or naturally decay resistant and steel is galvanized or protected with
rust -retardant i t 1. tDetailed guidance provided in Technical Bulletin
"Flood-
wf
t i... 1 7 ai ±I I I F I 1 a r t I I a :';.;
Mawift from d' ! $ak: " ! / i:. i should E be
given to preventing, N. the
maximum! possible, I2'contactof floodwater Idamage-susceptible
This can be accomplishedthroughrelocation prior toflooding,elevation, orin-place
protection of flood -damageable
s: ice,,' N most i N of protection fi equipment
contents to relocate tdireatened items out of harm'harm's way. The interiorof ,.
structure must be organized in a way that ensures easy access and facilitates
relocation. Aisles, doors, i 4 corridors shall t be wide enough and equipment
size should be evaluated to allow any planned relocation or removal.
Where
i1 '
structures ri' to store bulk materials,1 as grain, provisions must be
made fororderly r-1'.. N and i - Nc N.. of N ,... to an area outside
the floodplain.
EkNafian:Within flood-pronestructure, elevation ofkey itemscould be
achieved through the use of existing or specially constructed pladorms or
pedestals. Contingent elevation 1 i.::`accomplished by the
.. of hoists
,..,1. : N.
some ! . of overhead f suspension system.
Elevation tec
rf. i.. M 1 t i. be
applied toa widerangeN objects--maebinery,utility1components
(particularlyequipment), andstorage1! contents.
15
C�7Z}�Fi � �'I�' r■ r I r I �;
Copies of the Technical Bulletins can be obtained from the appropriate FEMA regional
office. Technical Bufletins can also E ordered r E1 publications wareh
Use of FEMA Form 60-8 will result 'in a more timely delivery from the warehouse. The
form can be obtained from FEMA regional offices and your state's Office of Emergency
Management. Send publication requests to FEMA Publications, P.O. Box 70274,
'Washington, D.C. 20024.
r-R w" R r..w
1. "Answers to Questions About Substantially Damaged 199
"Commercial -Ind err a District,Corps o:
Engineers, n. w
"Cooperative3. RRI Loss Reduction," for w and
Industries, Flood Loss Reduction Associates, 1981.
"Design
4. Manual for°Rr Ij Flood -Prone E.n
September E E.
6. EEw Proofing Regulations,Corps Ef Engineers," March 1992, "
w
Taylor,7. "Human Stability in a High Flood Hazard Zone," S!. R. AN, R.J. Whittlen, A.
andLove,Water Resource E*"M
8. "Repairing Your Flooded Home," FEMA, August 1992, 1713MA-234.
9. -S�ealants, Part I," John P. Cook, Progressive Architecture, December 1974.
10. "Sealants, Part 2," John P, Cook, Progressive Architecture, February 1975.
17
11. "Tests of Brick -Veneer Walls and Enclosures for Resistance to Flood Waters," Carl
E. Pace, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Lower Mississippi Division, Vicksburg,
Mississippi, 1978.
Ban a '9 + The flood-percentf probability r of being equaled or =r ri;. in any
given year (also referred to as the 100-year flood).
National
Base Flood Elevation (BFE) The height of the base flood, usually in feet, in. relation to t
:tf t Datum of ' 9 or other datum as specified.
Basement Any area of a structure having its floor subgrade (beloiw ground level) on �4
sides.
,:...^ Ifigh s :4 Area An area of fs 11-t hazard extending from offshore f
the
1 ► t limit of primary of 1 ^ dune "'t 1 r an open w . and any other :r:; subject to high -
velocity
Existing Construction/Structure For w/i f management purposes, #
ing
construction means structures for1 of # 1n commences before the
effectivedate of a floodplainmanagement . F # ti adopted icommunity. These
structures often Wit: to "Pre-FIRstructures.
Federalas ,-, R Mitnagement AgencyR r wr' a i °federal
addition tocarry'r.out other activities,oversees the administration of P'
Fedeml Insurance Administration (FIA) The component of M directly responsiblefor
administering the
flood insurance aspects +r of di Flood r r - Program.
Flood Insurance, R '' 1' insurance ® floodplain managementissued
by 1identifies,on the basis of detailed or t. w t. of f
flood hazard in a community.
Flood Prone Area Any land areasusceptible . to being inundated by w=w i= y t from
source.
Lowest Floor The lowest floor of the lowest enclosed area of a structure, including a
basement. Any NFIP-compliant unfmished or flood -resistant enclosure useable solely f]
parking of vehicles, building access, or storage (in an area other than a basement) is no
considered lowest w.w
Mitigation Directorate The component of FE24A directly responsiblefor #
floodphiin management aspects of # r#t, Insurance pro
K
New Constniction/Structurer.': floodplain managementpurposes,
structures for which the start R construction commenceson or ". ,the effectivedate of
floodplain managementregulationf r r# by rmmunity and includes all subsequent
unprovements to the structure. These structures are oftenreferred to •r 1.
rU4 l`
as —
being# eto inundation by base flood f 1 ! designated -r ` E • ■.
or %.,
SubstantialDarnageDamageof :. ongin sustained Ra structure whereby - costof
restoring 1"the structure toitsbefore-damaged condition would equalor +® 50 percent of
the market value rbefore the damage rr
Substantial Improvementreconstruction, r raddition,r other
improvement of a structure, the cost of which equals or exceeds 50 percent of the market
value of #. structure 1 before of construction" of r r r^ !
includes structures that have incurred "substantial damage," regardless of the actual repair
work performed.
Wet Floodprootmig Permanent or r 1 1gent measures applied to a structure and/or it
contents 1. prevent or provide resistai, to damage from floodingby rw
enter the structure.