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Item J7J.7 t, BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS County of Monroe Mayor Sylvia Murphy, District 5 The Florida Keys l'U � Mayor Pro Tern Danny Kolhage, District 1 �pw° Michelle Coldiron, District 2 Heather Carruthers, District 3 David Rice, District 4 County Commission Meeting August 21, 2019 Agenda Item Number: J.7 Agenda Item Summary #5904 BULK ITEM: Yes DEPARTMENT: Building TIME APPROXIMATE: STAFF CONTACT: Ed Koconis (305) 453-8727 N/A AGENDA ITEM WORDING: Approval of a Resolution amending Resolution 154-2018, the permitting fee schedule, to conform fees to new state laws, new hearing examiner fees for floodplain appeals and variances, to create a FEMA New Floodmap appeal fee, to change revision fees for amended ROGO applications, to change revision fees for non-ROGO permits, to allow the Building Official to cancel uncollectable fees on old permits, and providing for an implementation date. ITEM BACKGROUND: The fee schedule is amended from time to time in order to address both necessary changes, such as Code amendments, as well as changes proposed to clarify/amend existing fees. Staff is proposing to: Conform permit fees to House Bill 447, which disallowed charging a non -Florida Building Code related fee to building permit fees. Unfortunately, Monroe County has combined their building permits, with floodplain permits, as well as planning, environmental, and other discipline permitting for enhanced ease for the public. The County previously charged a planning and environmental education fee. The above -referenced enacted legislation disallows this surcharge; therefore, it has been removed. State of Florida Hearing Officer hourly rates have changed. Floodplain Appeals and Variances now use State Hearing Officers for their review, thereby necessitating a change in fees for reimbursement reasons. Certain Administrative fees are cumbersome and require more administrative effort to collect and post than the fee itself. Therefore, staff is recommending eliminating certain administrative fees, such as Certificate of Occupancy fees. FEMA, through a consultant, will be issuing draft Flood Maps in August 2019. These draft maps are meant for staff -only review and technical evaluation. Once County staff completes review of these maps, FEMA will issue Preliminary Maps. These preliminary maps are appealable, by the County, and/or by a property owner. If a property owner appeals the preliminary maps, the County is required to review the appeal submitted by the property owner and then to coordinate that appeal through FEMA. The County is retaining a mapping and modeling expert to review the Draft and Preliminary maps. This fee is being created so that the County can capture any related technical consultant expense if a property owner Packet Pg. 1500 J.7 appeals the maps, strictly on a reimbursement basis, similar to how the County currently captures transportation expert review in development applications. Revision fees for permits (ROGO and NON-ROGO) have been problematic for years. Currently, many ROGO permits are submitted with a draft building plan, then, after receipt of a ROGO allocation, the owner or a future buyer resubmits an entirely new plan for County staff to review and effectively starting over in Monroe County permitting as a revision to the original permit. Currently, we require new fees as if the project is new. This amendment to the fee resolution would allow the County to credit up to 50% of the original permit fee toward the revision fee, if the revision is submitted within 1-year of issuance of the previous permit date. In no case will a refund be issued. Revision fees for other permit types will be charged based exclusively upon the project value of the revision. Fees shall include processing and application costs as well as those for the applicable disciplines reviewing the revision. Within the permitting system are decades of old fees, some of which have never been collected. This amendment to the Fee Resolution would allow the Building Official to cancel certain uncollectible old fees from the system. PREVIOUS RELEVANT BOCC ACTION: March 19, 2014 - BOCC approved Resolution 062-2014, which introduced job value -based fees for projects greater than $5,000.00. December 10, 2014 - BOCC approved Resolution 387-2014 amending Fire fees, amending the timing of certain payments from application to issuance, and adding a private -provider administrative fee. May 24, 2016 - BOCC approved Resolution 119-2016 (A) amending and adding Floodplain Management fees for variances and appeals, eliminating the first failed inspection fee, clarifying temporary use fees, and delaying the annual CPI adjustment to October 1, 2018. June 21, 2017 - BOCC approved Resolution 156-2017 amending fees and providing credit related to the use of private provider services. May 23, 2018 - BOCC approved Resolution 154-2018 increasing fees based upon the consumer price index for all urban consumers (CPI-U) from FY15 - FY19. CONTRACT/AGREEMENT CHANGES: N/A STAFF RECOMMENDATION: Approval. DOCUMENTATION: Resolution Amending Resolution 154-2018 Building Department Fees DRAFT STAMPEDv2 Westlaw - 17 full text items for United States Cod Westlaw - 18 full text items for United States Cod Westlaw - 30 full text items for United States Cod Packet Pg. 1501 J.7 FINANCIAL IMPACT: Effective Date: Expiration Date: Total Dollar Value of Contract: Total Cost to County: Current Year Portion: Budgeted: Source of Funds: CPI: Indirect Costs: Estimated Ongoing Costs Not Included in above dollar amounts: Revenue Producing: Grant: County Match: Insurance Required: Additional Details: N/A h]WTA1of11-."V If yes, amount: Rick Griffin Completed Assistant County Administrator Christine Hurley 08/06/2019 1:37 PM Peter Morris Completed Ed Koconis Completed Budget and Finance Completed Maria Slavik Completed Kathy Peters Completed Board of County Commissioners Pending 08/06/2019 10:54 AM Completed 08/06/2019 2:03 PM 08/06/2019 3:51 PM 08/06/2019 3:56 PM 08/06/2019 4:29 PM 08/06/2019 4:36 PM 08/21/2019 9:00 AM Packet Pg. 1502 J.7.a 1 l ONROE COUNTY, FLORlDA 2 MONROE COUNTY BOARD OF COUNTY COMMlSSlONERS 3 RESOLUTlON NO. -2019 4 RESOLUTION AMENDING RESOLUTION NO. 154-201 , THE 6 PERMlTTlNG FEE SCHEDULE, CONFORMlNG FEES TO NEW LAWS 7 AND STATE HEARlNG OFFlCER FEES; ELlMINA INN 8 ADMlNlSTRATlVE FITS, CD- EATING FEMA FLOODPLAlN APPEAL 9 FEES, CHANGNG R VlSION FEES, ALLY lNG STAFF TO REMOVE 10 FEES UNCOLL CT BL ; AND POmOVlDlNG FOR AN lMPLEMENTA ION 11 DATE Imi 13 WHEREAS, the County protects life and safety through review f construction 14 plans and inspection of construction work as provided by the Florida Building Code; and 15 16 WHEREAS, these services provided by the County are engaged at the discretion 17 of applicants and for the benefit of applicants; and 10 19 WHEREAS, the Monroe County Board of County Commissioners wish to provide 20 the citizens of the County with the best possible service In the most cost effective and 21 reasonable manner; and 22 23 WHEREAS, the Board finds that It would be In the best Interests of the public t 24 charge costs for services, thereby placing the burden of such costs directly upon those 25 parties deriving the benefit from such services; and 26 27 WHEREAS, the updated fee schedules prepared by the Building Department for 28 providing these services include the estimated direct costs associated with the review and 29 processing of applications for permits issued by the County; and 30 31 WHEREAS, costs for hearings for appeals by the State hearing examiner have 32 increased causing the need for the County to increase fees for appeals handled by the 33 State hearing examiner; and 34 Packet Pg. 1503 J.7.a 4 49 so 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 5 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 6 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 WHEREAS, revision fees are being proposed to be simplified and made more fair to applicants; and WHEREAS, the Board heard testimony and evidence presented as to the appropriate fee schedule. Section 1. Pursuant to Monroe County Code, the following building permit fees were amended from those originally developed and implemented in Resolution 062-2014, and are hereby established: (All applicable fees within this Fee Schedule are subject to Florida Permit Surcharge Program Fees as per F. S, 553.721 and F.S. 468.631, which shall be applied to all Building Permits at 1. Upon submission of application; . Valuation -based permit jobs valued at $5,000 or more require fifty percent (50%) of the building permit fee due, with remaining balance of building permit fee plus one hundred percent (100%) of planning, environmental, and/or fire fee as applicable due at issuance. b. Permit jobs valued at less than $5,000 require one hundred percent (100%) of the fee due. . Job value will be based upon the submitted„ legitimate contract price or I/Construction Costs Valuation manuals. i�TEM 4a.Sewer Lateral and Grinder Pump (Electric) Permits $70�00 associated with Sewer Lateral Permits (fee includes plumbing, electric, code compliance fee, education fee, technology and document processing fee, DBPR and DEO fees and is exempt from PRP fees, b. Low Voltaae Alarm Svstem,p@jrmit� 2. For all other residential construction projects valued at less than $5,000, fees for construction shall be based on the flat rates below. Building Permits under $5,000 ------------------------------- JIM r Environmental Fire Total Packet Pg. 1504 J.7.a 03 3. For residential construction projects Valued at $5,000 or more, fees for 04 construction shall be based on the rates below and the applicant shall only b 05 assessed the fees for those disciplines which are deemed necessary for code 06 compliance. In the event a particular discipline review is not required for code 07 compliance, the applicant shall not be assessed the rate of that particular 00 discipline. For example, in the event only a wilding review is deemed necessary 09 to ensure a particular application complies with Monroe County Code, the 90 applicant shall not be assessed the fee for Planning and Environmental. 91 a. A project whose Value exceeds the lowest Value band shall be priced based 92 on Value in band 1 times rate for band 1 plus the Value in the next highest 93 band times the rate for that higher band. 94 b. wilding fees shall be applied as follows; 95 i. The rate table below itemizes the maximum wilding fee, which 96 includes all 5 building discipline reviews (Structural, Electrical, 97 Mechanical, Plumbing, and Fled disciplines). 90 ii. If no wilding disciplines are involved in reviewing the permit, the 99 permit will be charged 25% of the maximum wilding fee for 100 processing and application costs. 101 iii. If less than 5 building disciplines are involved, the permit will b 102 charged an additional 15% of the maximum wilding fee (over the 103 25% for processing and application costs) for each of the wilding 104 disciplines involved in reviewing the permit. 105 ....... RESIDENTIAL PERMITS ..Jo Value $5 le5` _........ r......... re......_....... 000 J �.... F... Permit Cost per 1,000 P ....... rr eject Value Band Fromro BuildingPlanning Environmental Fire Total ............................................. ............ 1 $5,000 $99,999 $33.51 $7.20 $7.99 $0.00 $48.70 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 $100,000 $299,999 $14*47 $ .15 $3.89 $0.00 $22.51 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 300,000 999,999 $10.1 $2.53 $2.12 $0m00 $14.83 $1,000,000$� 3 $ $ $12.13 106 107 4. For residential projects which require plan review by Fire, including, but not 100 limited to, modular homes and community developments, the fees in Section ( ) 109 shall apply. 110 111 ( ) COMMERCIAL BUILDINGIT FED 112 113 1. For commercial construction projects Valued at less than $5,000, fees for 114 construction shall be based on the flat rates below. 115 .����-----rcial Fee per Application - Job _________________�_____.__�_�_�.. _.. _,,,, n„. Value <$5,000 uil in Per its under 5,000 uil i Planning ron ental Fire Total .............. ....................................................y.o......................................................................................................................................................................................................................It ........................................................................................... .................................................................................II......................................... Commercial $167.00 $5.00 00 $�.1.00 $�.9.00 1.1.6.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... Page 3 of 1.0 Packet Pg. 1505 J.7.a 117 2. For commercial construction projects valued at $5,000 or more, fees for 118 construction shall be based on the rates below and the applicant shall Only be 119 assessed the fees for those disciplines which are deemed necessary for code 120 compliance. In the event a particular discipline review is not required for code 121 compliance, the applicant shall not be assessed the rate of that particular 122 discipline. For example, in the event only a Building review is deemed necessary 123 to ensure a particular application complies with Monroe County Code, the 124 applicant shall not be assessed the fee for Planning and Environmental, 125 a. A project whose value exceeds the lowest value band shall be priced based 126 on value in band 1 times rate for band 1 plus the value in the next highest 127 band times the rate for that higher band. 128 b. Building Department fees shall be applied as follows: 129 i. The rate table below itemizes the maximum Building fee, which 130 includes all 5 building discipline reviews (Structural, Electrical, 131 Mechanical, Plumbing, and Flood disciplines). 132 ii. If no Building disciplines are involved in reviewing the permit, the 133 permit will be charged 25% of the maximum Building fee for 134 processing and application costs. 135 iii. If less than 5 building disciplines are involved, the permit will be 136 charged an additional 15% of the maximum Building fee (over the 137 25% for processing and application costs) for each of the Building 138 disciplines involved in reviewing the permit. 139 140 �COMMERCIAL PERMITS Value .r re _..____..._____—__.-i.-..... ..... P� ni��si per BCCO Project V ______________________________________--------- w_______________________________..___-------------------------------------------------------- Band From To Building Planning � Environmental Fire Total ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 $5,000 $99®999 $33.51 $7.20I $7.9 $2.75 $51.44 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 $100,000 $299®999 $14.47 $4.15 $3. 9 $ .23 $30.74 ........................................ 3 $300,000 $999®999 $10.1 $2.5? $2.11 $6.08 $20. 9 ......................................................... 4 $1®000®000 $ .73 $?>6? $0.7 $5.00 $17.13 ......... .......... .. 11 12 (D) ADDITIONAL FEES APPLIED TO ALL BUILDING PERMITS AT ISSUANCE: 13 1. Code Compll nce - Contractor Investigation $11.00 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2. Education: . Building - New Residential or Commercial $25.00 bo___Buildin - All Other Permit (per dii clpIlne per___________ 2.00 permit} ...... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... G. e0 .. .... .. .... _rnorcuIOnly).... .... .... .... .... .. _.... .... 0... c .. IF lro (Coin...�w..... $1,0,00 144 145 146 Page 4 of 1.0 Packet Pg. 1506 J.7.a S 17 (E) FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT FEES: 1 ...........................................................................................................................::.::.:::.::.............................................. �. Flood Certificate of Compliiance$W0,40 M040Q __ ....... ... � .. _ ..L C L 170.00.... ........ E 2 Flood ale Ins ection/Transfer of Ownership 170.00 Initial or recertified L L F° s �.... ..4. Variances tot .... l._...... _........... ............ lain Management Requirements $1,611.00 Application Fee plus I fearing I Fees* 5. Appeals (Administrative) Regarding Floodplaiin $1,611.00 Management Provisions Application Fee plus I fearing * Fees,...... ...i 6. *Hearing Fees. Applicant shall a half the cost of the hour) rate ($7 6 50/hour), travelandexpenses of any hearing officer The County currently charged $154- .00 per hour by II)epartment of Administrative U) Hearings (II) AH). If the fee charged to the County its increased, the charge will change proportionately. An estimated amount of one-half of the hearing officer costs as determined by the County Attorney (ii n ii t ii a l I y 10 h o u r s ... $7 65 00 to be paid prior to processing the � application) shall be deposited by the applicant along with the application fee, and shall be returned to the applicant if unused. If the hearing is less than 10 hours, a refund will be made. If it is more than 10 hours the remainin fee due must e aid rior to permit issuance. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7. Armeal of Preliminary Floodolain Maos $5,000.00 DeDOGit 00 PIUG__Ll_70.00__Floodplain__diGCipline__review CD Pro e owners that a sal Prelimina Flood lain s iqn a for rovie y Iq LO tbe_Coun!yj that re quireMonroeCounty t rocess and/or reviewand issue a technical o inion stating _whether the evidence resented is sufficient to iut an salon behalff _Auch.,2gfMits by the Counly in accordance with Part 67.6 of the NFIP regulations shall bear the cost of the technical review hpinn.p grfored 0 a consultant hired for such reviews, t the request of the FloodpWn Administrator Applicants shall lire re wired to . strator �e g_ a fee of 000 into an escrow account to cover the cost of e arts hind E byjhe Department to review technical data/evidence submitted by the applicant compared to the FNMA Preliminarp data/modeling 0 6ny unused funds depqsited I� the appficant will lire returned a on the Coun U) fgrAardin g the a sal to FPIVIA. g.p Page 5 of 10 Packet Pg. 1507 J.7.a An, "01 R1 ------ additional fees. 149 15 (F) PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL 151 1 I�esear�h, minimum fee per hour or fraction thereof .... .... $54 00 152 153 (MISCELLANEOUS 154 1..... ............................................................................................................................................1......1...1......... Administrative ... ................. ........... Official f....Building Appeal .00 } a. plus Required Advertising 245.00 . _............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2. After I lours Inspections (per hour, two hour minimum) $80-0066.0 .... .... .... ....00;0 .... fifiGa "- W y.,, ice.... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ �....a i#mate.. � ..m.... .—Change- raet 3. Contractor Registration *'State registered contractors are $50.00 exempt .... . Copies ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. a, Approved Plan Set Reproduction and other copies $5.00 per page lar er than 1 inches b 6 1/2 inches .................g.......................................................................................................................................y.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... b. Other copies not more than 1 inches b 6'!2 Use legislated fee � inches per page (per FS 119.07(4)(a)1. and , . Copies requiring more than 15 minutes of staff time Actual labor cost (per FS 119.07 ()(a)3,and_0 rtb'.... .., 5 Extensions a. Legislative ._ _________ _________ __. b. I�nre County 160 Iay IFxtensin $250.00 .___hurricane Shutters valued less than $2,500 ________________ o Fee _................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 7. .....(.1...0.....or....fewer stems)..................................................................................... Invasive Exotic Vegetation Removal .....F ....... No ee 6. N otice to Proceed $976.00 9. Permit Investigations related to closing open/expired permit on a real estate number / parcel I .... Packet Pg. 1508 did not close permit after inspectlon(s) 2 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... b., Investigation requiring review by Building Official, ...................................................................................... $54.00 0 Plans Examiners and/or Inspectors, minimum fee per E real estate number /p rcel ID jup to 1 hour staff .time,:. . . . . ........................ I., Each additional Hour of staff time or fraction $54M thereof, per real estate number / arcel ID c. Permit Investigations not related to closing open $54.00 expired permit on a real estate number / parcel ID, minimum fee per hour or fraction thereof ..................................................... ....................................................................................... ..................... ...................... 10.Permit Referral Process (sent to Fish and Wildlife— $645.00 El� ServiceN .................................................................................................................. > 11. First failed inspection (per inspection code) ..................................................................................................................................................................................... . .. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ o Fee a W 12. Reinspection - Each subsequent failed reinspection (per $100.00 ins .......................................................................................... 13., Reopen permit (per discipline) $54.00 44..ReplaGe�Fpent.-P�eFmit-Ga.r4, $2&:00 U- 14.R-OGOMR-OGO Revision Gemplete4y New or .......... .►. Valuatlon-based e lacement Buildin_q pa (Section B or C, U) with applicable 0 0 U- items from D C and/or G) at 0 E W9,91d issuance. H o!A-Le —ye r, - if and all revisions are submitted within one ygar of Lhe original —rm—it issuance date 00 then 50% of the Sri in fees from LO Section B. or C. Ir- shall be credited C toward the 7= revision fees- 0 U) however in no case shall a ........... �be C refund �un d C . t ... p ovideg . . ..........._ � 0 E 15.RGG(XNROGO.-ReyisiGn,.—.MkieF-Fevic�-te,,.StFuGtL4r-e appkab4e .0 di66p4ne-,-aet-te 0 FequiFefAeAtsj-.--YAth n9--fGetpFiAt-,GF sq+iaf,-,--fGet-Gha%e -10.-0-0 2e r p Iqn Revision --,,,,,,,,Not New or Re2Lacqment Bulldl..-- shall be 2c3gq due qLtLrne C based on the value of the revision only and the ACuft..qL.j. of submittal° plus 0 Page 7 of 10 I Packet Pg. 1509 1 J.7.a .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... r onit shall added backto the final �r i lu tion® s m S . ecnot valuationlcetion o iscii ors ction or with ali�able U) items from gnd/or GlIor any and all additional work at issuance. n no case shall refund e provided. se � '. cra ae e- gggge���e-ten ���� am r"u �'TC6 C YL �S" "LrY'�'""A'""""""m8s F"["E'�Sr ryw�. .."."."."."."x» �..�,"..".".".�" .,�.�u�.," rssrvr,v,v..x� " ,.,.�,� a ...,�.�, .m., �.. 04 " + 16. Temporary Construction Trailer $215.00 perC trailer 1 ....Temporary Use / Temporary Tent 4.00 permit fee.... and an additional e _ U) 18,Work commencing before permit issuance 100% penalty U_ above the applicable E valuation -based fee or flat fee for the work, plus cede cheek corrrpliance fees ° 19. Private Provider Fee Credit ® A credit of 5 % of the Valuation -based Permit fees fir projects valued at $5,000 or more shall (Section B or ) 00 be given toward fees charged under Section ( ) (3) or () () for projects that indicate they will use private LO provider for inspections AND plan review prior to submitting an application for permitting. A credit of 25% of the Permit fees for projects valued at 0 U) 5,000 or more shall be given toward fees charged under Section (B) (3) or () (2) for projects that indicate they will use private provider for inspections CAR plan review prior to submitting an application for permiittiing, if a project indicates they will use private provider in advance of the permit application and decides not to continue using a private provider after construction U) starts, they will owe the full permit fee prior to the County plans examiners or inspectors pursuing work under the permit. Page 8 of 10 Packet Pg. 1510 J.7.a ............................................................ ......_ 155 156 Section 2. Fee schedules are provided for appllcant convenience, but County staff 157 shall be responsible for confirming the facts of each application and the 158 amount of fees du, .n. 159 160 Section 3. All applications for permits shall pay the amount confirmed by the County 161 prior to and as a condition of issuance of the permit. Fees that accumulate 162 ft r rrrtit i u roe h ll b collect d prior to Certificate of cc �� �r prior163 to thepq!:MjLbeirl p1qqpd,, if alip l . 164 165 Section 4. Staff are directed to cancel uncollectable fees from oermits in th t rrt 166 after a permit is void or closed, if fees are determined to be unc ll ct bl 167 1 with written concurrence 168 from .....the .....i:::Ilan..h..in Director, 169 170 Section 5. Termination of the related construction work prior to completion shall not 171 entitle the applicant to a refund of fees paid, 172 173 Section 6. i::Irojects of an infrequent or unusual nature that are not otherwise addressed 174 in this resolution shall be subject to an estimate of permit fees by County 175 staff as needed. 176 177 Section 7. The fees established in this resolution shall be applicable through 178 September 30, 2019. Thereafter, annually, beginning October 1 of each 179 following year, they shall be adjusted by the percentage change in the CF'I 182 No Fee items. Every four to five years, the County will adjust fees based on 183 the most current appropriations applicable to provide development approval 184 services as conditions merit. 185 186 Section 8. Resolution No, 154-2018 is hereby rescinded. 187 188 Section 9. The staff is hereby directed to implement these fees on all applications 109 submitted on or after September 1, 2019. 190 191 Section 10. The Clerk of the Court is hereby directed to forward one (1) certified copy 192 of this Resolution to the Building Department. 193 194 195 196 REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 197 190 199 200 201 Packet Pg. 1511 J.7.a 205 206 207 20 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 21 219 PASSED and ADOPTEDat a regular meeting of the Board of County Commissioners of Monroe County, Florida held on the 21st day of August, 2019. Mayor Sylvia Murphy Mayor Fero Tern Danny L. K lhag Commissioner Michelle Clirn Commissioner Heather Carruthers Commissioner David Ric BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA mm Mayor Sylvia Murphy ATTEST: KEVIN MADOK, CLERK MONROE COUNTY ATTORNEY Deputy Clerk PETER MORRIS ASSISTANT' YATTORNEY ate; Packet Pg. 1512