Item B2
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY
Meeting Date: Mav 18. 2000
Division: Growth Management
Bulk Item: Yes X No
Department: PlanninlZ
AGENDA ITEM WORDING:
A resolution designating the Old Tavernier School as a Monroe County Historical and Cultural
Landmark.
ITEM BACKROUND:
The site is also known as the Health Department building, which is located on Block 3, Lot 17, Tavernier
Subdivision. The Historic Preservation Commission recommends that the site be designated as a
Historical and Cultural Landmark as seen in its resolution HOl-OO. The site meets the criterion specified
in the Land Development Regulations.
PREVIOUS RELEVANT BOARD ACTION: None
STAFF RECOMMENDATION: APPROVAL
TOTAL COST: N/ A
COST TO COUNTY: N/A
AMOUNT PER MONTH: N/A
BUDGETED: YesN/A NO
PER YEAR N/ A
APPROVED BY: County Attorney X
Risk Management N/ A
DEPARTMENT DIRECTOR APPROVAL:
DNISION DIRECTOR APPROVAL:
DOCUMENTATION: Included
x
To follow
Not required
~-B;)
DISPOSITION:
Agenda Item #:
PROPOSED BOCC RESOLUTION
Planning Department
RESOLUTION NO.
A RESOLUTION BY THE MONROE COUNTY BOARD
OF COMMISSIONERS GRANTING THE DESIGNATION
OF IIHISTORICAL AND CULTURAL LANDMARK" TO
THE OLD TAVERNIER SCHOOL, ALSO KNOWN AS
THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT, AND THE
SURROUNDING PARCEL OF LAND, DESCRIBED AS
BLOCK 3, LOT 17, TAVERNIER SUBDIVISION,
KEY LARGO, IN PLAT BOOK 1, PAGE 105 --
JI-142 G6 OR881017/18, REAL ESTATE NUMBER
00479000-000000.
WHEREAS the Old Tavernier School meets the criteria for
Udesignation of historical properties" as specified in
Section 9.5-454 (a) (1) and (3) of the Monroe County Code,
Amended, in that the Old Tavernier School is significant in
the history of Monroe County, is associated with events that
are significant in the history of Monroe County, and embodies
the distinctive characteristics of a method of construction;
and
WHEREAS the procedures of historic designation set forth
in Section 9.5-455 of the Monroe County Code, Amended, have
been followed, in that:
1. The proposed designation was initiated by the Historic
Florida Keys Foundation, whose board of directors voted
unanimously on November 29, 2000 to direct their staff
to proceed with a designation application; and
Page 1 of 3
2. The designation application includes a boundary
description, address, and a narrative description of the
site and its structures; and
3. The application established the basis for the Old
Tavernier School designation under Code Section 9.5-454
and included other evidence that supports the
designation, which documents the historic, social, and
cultural significance of the Old Tavernier School; and
4. The Monroe County Historic Preservation Commission,
during a regular session held on February 28, 2000,
conducted a public hearing on the proposed designation
and reviewed the application for designation; and
5. The Historic Preservation Commission voted unanimously
at said public hearing to recommend to the Monroe County
Board of Commissioners that the Board grant historical
designation to the Old Tavernier School, a.k.a. the
Health Department, as stated in the Historic
Preservation Commission Resolution No. HOI-OO; and
WHEREAS the Monroe County Board of Commissioners has
considered the proposed designation and the recommendation of
the Historic Preservation Commission; NOW THEREFORE,
Page 2 of 3
BE IT RESOLVED BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF
MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA, THAT:
The Old Tavernier School, a.k.a. the Health Department,
is hereby historically designated as provided by Article VIII
of the Monroe County Code, Amended.
PASSED AND ADOPTED by the Board of County commissioners
of Monroe County, Florida, at a regular meeting of said Board
held on the
day of
, A.D. 2000.
Mayor Freeman
Mayor Pro Tern Neugent
Commissioner Harvey
Commissioner Reich
commissioner Williams
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
OF MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA
By:
MAYOR/CHAIRMAN
(Seal)
Attest:
DANNY L. KOLHAGE, CLERK
BY:
DEPUTY CLERK
: ~;;r":"". ~'.; _,' ~-;:t...: ) j"O;..
Page 3 of 3
STAFF REPORT
Monroe County Historic Property Designation
NAME OF PROPERTY
Historic name: Old Tavernier School
Other name(s): Monroe County Health Department
LOCATION
148 Georgia Street
Tavernier, FL 33070
DESCRIPTION
The Old Tavernier School is a massively constructed, rectangular, symmetrical, one-
story building covered by a nearly flat gable roof. The thick, formed-concrete walls
rise vertically from a slightly flared foundation. A partially open front entrance
porch on the front gable end shelters the original, heavy, wooden door. A built-in
gutter system channels rainwater from the roof.
Metal-muntined, rectangle windows illuminate the interior. Pairs of 18-light
windows flank the front entrance on the gable end. Two additional 18-light
windows punctuate each side wall nearest the entrance fa~ade. Six larger 21-light
windows punctuate the side walls further toward the rear of the building. Sliding
metal shutters on either side of the window openings stand ready to protect the
glazing.
The back fa~ade has a windowless addition of similar construction to the principal
volume of the structure. Back doors on either side of this provide additional egress.
Inside, wooden partitions now subdivide the interior to create offices and private
client meeting spaces. The walls retain some original bas-relief wall decorations.
Due to the building's massive construction that makes alteration difficult, the
essential form of the structure remains as built.
The site consists of a gravel parking lot between the building and Georgia Street. A
lawn surrounds the structure on the remaining sides.
STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE
Applicable Designation Criteria:
X A. Property is significant in the history of Monroe County, the State of
Florida, or the United States, or is associated with events that are significant
in the history of Monroe County, the State of Florida, or the United States.
B. Property is associated with the lives of individuals significant in the past.
x C. Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or
method of construction, or represents the work of a master, or possesses high
artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose
components may lack individual distinction.
____ D. Property has yielded or may be likely to yield information important in
prehistory or history.
Criteria Considerations:
Property is
_ _ _ _ A. owned by a religious institution or used for religious purposes.
_ _ _ _ B. removed from its original location
_ _ _ _ C. a birthplace or grave
____ D. a cemetery
_ _ _ _ E. a reconstructed building, object, or structure
_ _ _ _ F. a commemorative property
____ G. less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past 50
years.
Period of Significance: 1935-1953
2
Narrative Statement of Significance
The building is one of the most important public buildings in Tavernier, along with
the old Methodist church and the old Post Office. In a larger context, it is an
example of the impact of President Franklin Roosevelfs "New Deal" -- specifically
the Works Progress Administration -- on the built environment of the Florida Keys.
Furthermore, the structure is a notable example of massive formed-concrete
construction designed to withstand hurricanes. Finally, it is emblematic of the
tenacity and indomitable spirit of the Keys community in the face of natural
disasters.
The community of Tavernier emerged in the first decade of the twentieth century
when the Florida East Coast Rail Road arrived in the Upper Keys. A variety of
wooden buildings arose within walking distance of the tracks, including commercial
buildings, houses, and specialized structures such as a post office and a church. This
new settlement was on higher ground and further inland than its nearby
predecessor of Planter, but this new location would not spare Tavernier from the
1935 hurricane.
The great Labor Day storm of that year arrived with no warning. As one of only two
Category 5 hurricanes to strike the mainland U.S., this unnamed tempest delivered
winds and flooding never before encountered by settlers in the Keys. Rising waters
floated buildings off their foundations, and howling winds blew through windows,
walls, and roofs. Boats at sea would never return.
When the storm was over, more than four hundred people were dead. The storm
surge had swept a train off the tracks that the Florida East Coast Rail Road had sent
to evacuate work camps of World War I veterans working on the Overseas
Highway. This disaster alone resulted in the death of over 250 men. Meanwhile,
another 150 residents died due to inadequate shelter during the storm. On Upper
Matecumbe and Tavernier, families faced the losses: The Russell family alone lost
dozens of members.
The extensive loss of life (including the World War I veterans), the tremendous
property damage (notably to the Overseas Rail Road), and the timing of the storm (at
the height of the Great Depression) combined make the 1935 hurricane a disaster of
national significance. State and Federal authorities mobilized to provide relief to
the living and to memorialize the dead.
The Works Progress Administration, which "New Deal" advocates founded to
provide work to the unemployed in the construction of public works projects,
proposed building two schools in the Upper Keys that could also serve as hurricane
shelters. One would be Tavernier; the other would be on Upper Matecumbe.
Authorities chose two sites owned by the Monroe County School Board.
3
The design of the new buildings was massive, with steel-reinforced formed-concrete
walls and a semi-elevated principal floor. This marked a significant departure from
general building practice in the region, which traditionally employed wood frame
construction, with open foundations below. By contrast, these new structures -- and
the similar "Red Cross" houses built at the same time -- rose from the ground like
bunkers buttressed against high winds and storm surges.
As the lead agency for this project, the WP A administered the job out of its Miami
district office. Laborers were on the Federal payroll, under the supervision of a local
project supervisor.
Construction proceeded slowly. Workers had to bring materials, equipment, and
tools into the region that had seen much of its infrastructure damaged or destroyed.
By the winter of 1938 -- two and a half years after the 1935 hurricane -- the project
was still incomplete, and those in charge blamed the workers for making
insufficient progress on the job. With funds running out, administrators ultimately
issued an order to stop work by March 16, 1938.
Eighteen workers and their timekeeper retorted with a letter to their Congressman
on March 11, 1938, assigning blame to the administrative inefficiency of the WPA
office in Miami, which did not coordinate effectively with the project supervisor to
ensure the timely arrival of materials and equipment. Furthermore, the workers
pointed out that the job was 95% to 98% complete and that to abandon it now would
be a waste of all that had yet gone into the project. Construction resumed by April,
and the buildings were complete by the end of the year.
Children of all ages soon enrolled at the newly opened school, where "Prof" Charles
Cecil Albury served as the first principal and teacher. By the late 1940's, "Prof'
taught primarily math and history to grades 7 through 11 in an accessory building in
the back yard, while Violet Albury taught the younger grades in the original
building. These limited facilities prevented authorities from accrediting the school;
nevertheless, a generation of Upper Keys pupils attended, receiving an intimate
educational experience in a small-scale institution, from the late 1930's to the early
1950's.
During this t'rne, community members also used the building -- as planned -- as a
hurricane shelter. A number of citizens recall gathering in the building for storms,
including those in 1948 and 1950. In fairer weather, the building served to house
other community activities.
By 1953, Coral Shores High School opened on Plantation Key, providing larger and
more commodious educational facilities for the Upper Keys. "Prof" transferred to
the new school, while the old structure in Tavernier became a medical office for the
recently arrived Dr. Harvey Cohn, who had come to the Upper Keys with his nurse-
- later his wife -- Mabel O'Neil. Today, the structure continues as a health care
facility, serving as a branch office of the Monroe County Health Department.
4
SOURCES
Letter from C. Marvin Thompson to J. Mark Wilcox, March 11, 1938.
Letter from J. Mark Wilcox to Aubrey Williams, March 28, 1938.
Letter from Aubrey Williams to J. Mark Wilcox, April 26, 1938.
Progress report from A. J. Little, Jr. to E. S. Loftberg, May 7, 1938.
Progress report from A. J. Little, Jr. to E. S. Loftberg, May 28, 1938.
Letter from Robert J. Dill to Major B. M. Harloe, January 28, 1939.
National Register Nomination, Hurricane Monument, 1994-1995.
Letter from Alice Allen to Jack London,undated.
Telephone call, Jerry Wilkinson and George Born, December 3, 1999.
Telephone call, Alice Allen and George Born, February 11,2000.
Previous inclusion in historic resources surveys: Jerry Wilkinson, President,
Historical Preservation Society of the Upper Keys, is nominating the Old Tavernier
School-- and the Upper Matecumbe School-- to the National Register of Historic
Places.
GEOGRAPlDCDATA
Acreage of Property: 0.11 acre (5,200 square feet)
Boundary description:
RE#: 00479000-000000
Legal Description: Block 3, Lot 17, Tavernier subdivision, Key Largo, Plat Book 1,
page 105 -- Jl-l42 G6-92 OR881-17/ 18
Verbal Boundary justification: The nominated property includes the parcel
historically associated with the Old Tavernier School.
NOMINATION PREPARED BY:
George W. Born, Historic Preservationist
Historic Florida Keys Foundation
510 Greene Sf.
Key West, FL 33040
Date: February 15, 2000
Owner:
Monroe County
James Roberts, Administrator
5100 College Rd.
KeyWest,FL3304~ C ~
Signature: ___~~______________
Date: _ij~~
5
HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION
RESOLUTION
RESOLUTION NO. H01-00
A RESOLUTION BY THE MONROE COUNTY
HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION
RECOMMENDING THAT THE MONROE COUNTY BOARD
OF COMMISSIONERS GRANT THE DESIGNATION OF
uHISTORIC AND CULTURAL LANDMARK" TO THE
OLD TAVERNIER SCHOOL, AKA THE HEALTH
DEPARTMENT, ON PROPERTY DESCRIBED AS
BLOCK 3, LOT 17, TAVERNIER SUBDIVISION,
KEY LARGO, IN PLAT BOOK 1, PAGE 105 --
Jl-142 G6-92 OR881-17/18, REAL ESTATE
NUMBER 00479000-000000.
WHEREAS the Monroe County Historic Preservation
Commission during a regular meeting held on February 29,
2000, conducted a public hearing to designate the Old
Tavernier School as a uHistoric and Cultural Landmark" as
provided by Article VIII of the Monroe County Code, Amended;
and
WHEREAS the Historic Preservation commission was
presented with a staff report prepared by George Born,
Historic preservationist, Historic Florida Keys Foundation,
dated February 15, 2000, which by reference is hereby
incorporated as a part of the record; and
WHEREAS the Historic Preservation commission has made
the following Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law:
1. Based on the evidence produced at the hearing,
including the testimony and the written data, the
Commission finds that the Old Tavernier School is
associated with events of historical significance to the
cultural and social history of Monroe County, and meets
tha standards for designation as specified in Sec. 9.5-
454 (a) of the Monroe County Land Development
Regulations"; NOW THEREFORE,
BE IT RESOLVED BY THE HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION OF
MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA, that the preceding Findings of Fact
and Conclusions of Law support their decision to RECOMMEND
that the Monroe County Board of commissioners designate the
Old Tavernier School a uHistoric and Cultural Landmark" as
provided for by Article VIII of the Monroe County Code,
Amended.
Page 1 of 2
Initials
(vp)? /
.. -t_/
PASSED AND ADOPTED by the Historic Preservation Commission of
Monroe County, Florida, at a regular meeting held on the 28th
day of February, 2000.
Chair Allen YES.
vice-Chair Adams YES.
Commissioner Harum YES.
commissioner Ritz ABSENT.
commissioner Silvia YES.
By
, 2000.
. . OrafJ f
S.l.gned th.l.S -- day 0
APPROVED AS TO FORM
Byrr~/p -
Attorney'8 Office ~
Page 2 of 2
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