Item C1
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Federal Emergency Management Agency
Region IV
3003 Chamblee-Tucker Road
Atlanta, Georgia 30341
J~.6LI
December 12, 2000
James T. Hendrick
County Attorney
County of Monroe
Office of the County Attorney
P.O. Box 1026
Key West, FL 33041-1026
Dear Mr. Hendrick:
This is in ~sponse to your November 6, 2000, letter. In your letter you stated that Jim Roberts,
County Administrator, asked you to respond to our October 18,2000, letter. Our letter stated that
we are continuing to assess the impact of the recent Circuit Court ruling holding that a 4-year statute
of limitations applies to County code enforcement and its implications for implementing the
inspection procedu~e.
In your letter you' stated that "Although the Court may yet clarify or revise its ruling in some
particulars (based on your motion for rehearing), we are of the opinion that the holding in LaTorre
would not significantly affect the inspection procedure.", ,You further stated that "Although the
ruling apparently bars County code enforcement and judicial proceedings against owners of non-
conforming structures built more than four years prior to initiation of an enforcement action, it
should not preclude the cancellation or non-renewal of insurance policies issued to owners whose
structures are in violation ofNFIP requirements." You also indicated the Monroe County Board of
County Commissioners directed you to follow-up on the status ofFEMA's re-examination of the
policy concerning residential floodproofing.
From what we understand of this case, we believe that it could affect not only the inspection
procedure, but also Monroe County's ability, in general, to enforce its floodplain management
ordinance on buildings in the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) older than four years.
With respect to the inspection procedure, we are concerned that as a result of the Circuit Court
ruling one of the major purposes of establishing the inspection procedure would not be
accomplished. The pilot inspection procedure was established for the following purposes:
1) To help the communities verify that structures comply with the community's floodplain
management ordinance and to initiate enforcement actions on those structures that do not
comply; and
2) To ensure that property owners are paying flood insurance premiums commensurate with their
flood risk.
C/
2
If as a result of this case, the County cannot enforce its floodplain management ordinance on
buildings with illegally built enclosures that are older than four years, then the first objective of this
procedure cannot be fully achieved. The major reason for developing this inspection procedure is to
provide the County an additional means to identify whether buildings are in compliance with the
community's floodplain management ordinance so that your community can identify and remedy
violations of illegally built enclosures below elevated buildings. The Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA) developed this inspection procedure in response to a citizen's task
force recommendation. We would not have gone forward with the inspection procedure without the
enforcement component as a part of this process.
However, the County should be aware of a much larger implication of this case with respect to its
participation in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). You indicate in your letter that the
ruling is somewhat unclear and therefore the County had filed a motion for rehearing. If the Circuit
Court refu~es the motion for rehearing or holds a rehearing and affirms its ruling prohibiting
enforcement on buildings older than four years, we would view the prohibition on enforcement as a
defect in the County's floodplain management program. A prohibition on enforcing the minimum
NFIP requirements in SFHAs for buildings that were built after the County adopted its floodplain
management ordinance is not in compliance with the legislation establishing the NFIP and Title 44
Code of Federal Regulations Section 60.2 with respect to a community's participation in the NFIP.
Therefore, shoula-the-results of the rehearing confirm the prohibition on enforcement, FEMA would
expect the C01,lI!ty.t<?..~ppeal the decision.
In response to your question as to the status of FEMA' s re-examination of the policy concerning
residential floodproofing, we addressed this issue comprehensively in the Final Rule dated June 27,
2000, for the inspection procedure (Federal Register/ Vol 65. No. 124. Pages 39730-39733). As we
indicated in the Final Rule, dry floodproofing is a technically complex flood protection method that
can fail due to poor planning, design, construction, and maintenance. This would result in
significantly greaterclamages to the building than if the building were built in compliance with
current NFIP minimum requirements for residential buildings. Allowing residents to sleep, work, \
recreate, or otherwise occupy the space below the Base Flood Elevation would conflict with sound )
floodplain management by significantly subjecting people who may live in these areas to adverse
health and safety risk should the floodproofed system fail. As described in the Final Rule, there are
significant constraints associated with dry floodproofing homes that may compromise the level of
public safety and property protection envisioned in the NFIP's objectives for people who choose to
live in floodplains. FEMA has re-examined the policy on dry floodproofing and our response is
addressed in the Final Rule. This policy is consistent with communities' overall responsibility to
ensure that the health, safety, and property of their citizens are protected.
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3
We look forward to hearing the results of the rehearing and what actions the County intends to take
should it be unsuccessful at the rehearing.
w~
Brad G. Loar, Chief
Community Mitigation Programs Branch
Mitigation Division
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r-~I'IH ro::CU IV
'('(1::1 ~~I::I ::>441::1 P.1::}2
Federal Emergency Management Agency
Region IV
3003 Chamblee-Tucker Road
Atlanta, Georgia 30341
February 5, 200 I
The Honorable George R. Neugent
Mayor
COW1ty of Monroe
35 Ships Way
Big Pine Key, FL 33043
Dear Mayor Neugent:
This is in response to the December 13, 2000 Resolution adopted by the Board of County
Commissioners of Monroe County, Florida titled Resolution No. 533-2000, "A Resolution ofthe
Board of County Commissioners of Monroe County, Florida Opposing Demolition of 'Downstairs
Enclosures' and inviting renewed discussions with the Federal Emergency Management Agency
(FEMA) Concerning its Policy". This Resolution was sent to FEMA under a cover letter dated
January 12.2001. from the Clerk of the Circuit Court of Monroe County. In the Resolution, the
Board of County Commissioners resolved that:
"Monroe County respectfully requests a meeting with FEMA in order to review the
National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) policies concerning floodproofing and other
alternatives to removal of downstairs enclosures, as well as ofNFIP underwriting policies
applicable to flood insurance for Florida Keys residential properties."
We appreciate your concerns and welcome your suggestions for resolving violations of enclosures
under your community's floodplain management ordinance. However, we cannot establish a policy
that allows floodproofed residential structures because of the serious threat to public safety and the
significant increase in the flood risk to the residential structure. We addressed this issue
comprehensively in the Supplementary Information to the Final Rule dated June 27, 2000,
establishing the inspection procedure (Federal Re2ister/ Vol. 65. No. 124. Pal:!es 39730-39731), a
copy of which is enclosed for your reference.
As we indicated in the Final Rule, dry floodproofing is a technically complex flood protection
method that can fail due to poor planning, design, construction, and maintenance. We addressed in
the Rule the constraints associated with dry floodproofing homes that may compromise the level of
public safety and propeny protection envisioned in the NFIP's objectives for people who choose to
live in floodplains. Not only is there a significantly greater risk of damages to the home compared
to one that is elevated, but allowing residents to live in the space below the Base Flood Elevation
would subject them to adverse health and safety risks should the floodproofed system fail. FEMA' s
policy on dry floodproofing is consistent with a community's overall responsibility to ensure that
the health, safety, and property of their citizens are protected.
t.!
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~~MH 1'<t.1:I IV
770 220 5440 P.03
2
Based on the statements under the "Whereas" section of the Resolution, we are very concerned
about the COMty'S commitment in protecting structures in Special Flood Hazard Areas in general
and specifically, in implementing the inspection procedure. When Monroe County joined the NFIP,
it agreed to adopt and enforce the minimum requirements of the NFIP, including the requirements
pertaining to enclosures. The objective of the NFIP is to minimize flood related damages to new
and substantiaUy improved structures.
The major reason for developing the inspection procedure is to provide the County an additional
means to identify whether buildings are in compliance with the community's floodplain
management ordinance so that the County can identify and remedy violations of illegally built
enclosures below elevated buildings. FEMA developed this inspection procedure in response to a
Monroe County citizen's task force recommendation and the County's agreement in the form ofa
Resolution approved in June of 1998 for us to establish an inspection procedure. Therefore, we
proceeded with mlemaking to establish the inspection procedure.
As you know, the inspection procedure officially started January 1,2001. With the starting date
established, the insurers are now sending the Standard Flood Insurance Policy endorsements to all
policyholders in Monroe County and the Village of Islamorada with policy effective dates on and
after February 1 S, 200 I, notifying them that they may be required to obtain a community inspection
as a condition of renewing their policy. The endorsements serve as the first notice that an
inspection may be required. The County has agreed to periodically furnish FEMA with a list of
possible violations, This list of violations of insured structures would then be sent to the insurance
companies. The insurance companies would then provide the policyholders with a notice six
months before the renewal date that an inspection is required before the flood insurance policy can
be renewed. It is our understanding that the County has delayed its pan of the implementation until
April J, 2001.
Because the Final Rule is published and implementation has begun, we expect the County to
implement its part of the inspection procedure in accordance with Title 44 of the Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR) Section 59.30, including providing us with a list of poSSible violations after
April 1. 2001. If the County wishes to propose an alternative that achieves the same objective as
the inspection procedure of bringing illegaJly built enclosures into compliance with the County's
floodplain management ordinance, we would consider it.
In reference to the Resolution's statement on affordable housing, this is part of a much larger
affordable housing issue for the County of which the enclosure issue is only a sma)) part. In
developing the inspection procedure, we recognized the County's concerns over affordable housing
and agreed to implement the inspection procedure over several years to give both the County and
the residents Hving in iIlegaJly built enclosures time to find other housing. We. therefore, agreed to
the scheduled termination date of December 31, 2007, that the County proposed for implementing
the inspection procedure. We believe that this is enough time for the County to address the problem
since the County has known about this issue for several years.
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-[(1::1 d~ ~ql::l t-'.1104
3
We are concerned about the statements in the County's Resolution questioning the risk of flooding
and flood damage potential in the Florida Keys, particularly with the County's assertion that the
coastal A zone in the Florida Keys is "unlikely to sustain wave action sufficient to threaten the
integrity of the main building". Monroe County does have a significant flood risk. Our claims data,
post-disaster building assessments, and research indicate that not only is the enclosure likely to be
damaged or destroyed, particularly if it does not meet the minimum requirements of the NFIP such
as having proper openings, but the elevated part of structure is also more susceptible to increased
damages due to the improperly built enclosure. We fully addressed these concerns in the
Supplementallnfonnation to the June 27, 2000, Final Rule and encourage the Board of County
Commissioners to review this infonnation carefully.
Furthennore, it is our understanding that on January 19,200 I, the Circuit Court refused to rehear
the case on the Court's ruling last October that the state's four year statute oflimitations applies to
efforts by Monroe County, Florida to enforce its floodplain management ordinance. While the
focus of this case was on the iJIeeaJ enclosures, the County should be aware of a much larger
implication of this case with respect to its participation in the National Flood Insurance Program.
We would view the prohibition on enforcement as a defect in the County's floodplain management
program since it affects all structures in the Special Flood Hazard Area. A prohibition on enforcing
the minimum NFIP requirements in Special Flood Hazard Areas for buildings that were built after
the County adopted ils floodplain management ordinance is not in compliance with the legislation
establishing the NFlP and Title 44 CFR Section 60.2 with respect to a community's participation in
the NFIP. Therefore, FEMA expects the County to appeal the decision.
In summary, we expect the County to follow through with its commitment to fully implement the
inspection procedure to ensure that buildings are compliant with the County's floodplain
management ordinance.
If you have any questions, please contact Brad G. Loar, Chief, Community Mitigation Programs
Branch, Mitigation Division, at 770-220-5416.
Sincerely,
~'tt'~~
Acting Regional Director
Enclosure
TOTAL P.04
Feb 06 01 11: 26a
Dann~ L. Kolha,e
305 295 3615
p. 1
Commissioner Murray Nelson
RESOLUTION NO. 533 -2000
A RI;SOLUTION OF THI; BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF
MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA, OPPOSING DEMOUnON OF "DOWNSTAIRS
ENCLOSURES'" AND INVmNG RENEWED DISCUSSIONS WITH FEMA
CONCERNING IT~ POliCY
WHEREAS, the recently-eiected County Commissioners received strong electoral
support from Monroe County voters, on platforms challenging the policy of mandatory
removal of below base flood elevation primary residential structures ("downstairs
enclosures"); and
WHEREAS, the BOCC, by Resolution No. 346-1999, found that:
· FEMA's new inspection procedure "will certainly result in the elimination of
hundreds of residential units now existing below BFE" (Base Flood Elevation).
· "Many below 8FE residential units are occupied as affordable housing, a
commodity which is already undersupplied."
· "The loss of numerous affordable housing units through enforcement of flood
plain management pOlicies will cause great hardship to many working families In
Monroe County and wilt create advel-se ec::onomic consequences by exacerbating
existing labor shortages."
· "The NFlP objective of preventing avoidable celtastrophlc property damage is
difficult to reconcile with enforcement measures which will result in destruction
of hundreds of dwelling units."; and
WHEREAS, after adoption of Resolution No. 346-1999, representatives of Monroe
County were cordially received, together with members of the Ocean Reef Community,
by FEMA Director Jilm_5 Lee Witt, and were assured that alternatives to demolition of
downstairs enclosures, particularly the flood proofing of residences, would be
evaluated; and
WHEREAS, the entire Board of County Commissioners desires to work with FEMA
to solve our common problems; and
WHEREAS, the great majority of federal flood relief expense is incurred in
response to flood events on rivers and tributaries, not sea coasts; and
WHEREAS, downstairs enclosures not sited in v zones are unlikely to sustain
wave impacts sufflcient to threaten the integrity of the main building; and
WHEREAS, federal "ood relief was recently prOvided to the City of Sweetwater,
Florida in which several hundred homes were flooded. notwithstanding their lack of
flood insurance; and
Fe-b 06 01 11:27a
D8nn~ L. kOlha,e
305 295 3615
p.2
WHEREAS, according to Monroe County Growth Manag.ment estimates, as manv
as 4000 downstairs endosures mav face demolition as a result of FEMA's inspection
procedure, unless an alternative to demolition is identified and approved; and
WHEREAS, commercial propertv owners are now allowed to obtain flood
insurance If thev flood-proof their downstairs endosures, but residential propertv
owners ar. denied this remedy; and
WHEREAS, a FEMA response to Resolution No. 346-1999, and to the questions
raised in MonrO@ County's meeting with Director Witt, is long awaited; now, therefore:
BE IT RESOLVED BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF MONROE
COUNTY, FLORIDA, that:
Section 1. Monroe Countv respectfulIV requests a meeting with FEMA in order
to review the NFIP policies concerning floodproofin9 and other alternatives to removal
of downstairs endosures, as well as of NFIP underwriting policies applicable to flood
insurance for Florida Kevs residential properties.
Section 2. The Clerk will send copies of this Resolution to Monroe Countv's
federal and state legislative delegation, to Governor Jeb Bush and to FEMA Director
.James Lee Witt.
PASSED AND ADOPTED bV the Board of County Commissioners of Monroe Countv,
Florida, at a regular meeting of said Board held on the 13th day of December, 2000.
Mavor George Neugent
M~yor Pro Tem Nora Williams
issioner Murrav Nelson
sioner Dixie Spehar
oner Charles McCoy
.,
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ves
ves
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Deputy Clerk
BOARD Or COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
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