Item K01
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY
Meeting Date: April 17. 2002
Division:
Growth Management
Bulk Item: Yes -X.. No
Department: Planning
AGENDA ITEM WORDING:
Approval of the designation of the Old Overseas Highway on Cudjoe Key as a Monroe County
"Cultural and Historic Landmark" pursuant to the provisions of the Monroe County Code.
ITEM BACKGROUND:
The Florida Department of Transportation completed a study on March 11, 200 1 documenting the
significance of the Old Overseas Highway on Cudjoe Key to the history of Monroe County.
The Historic Preservation Commission conducted a public hearing on January 14,2002 to discuss the
designation of the Old Overseas Highway on Cudjoe Key as a Monroe County Cultural and Historic
Landmark.
PREVIOUS RELEVANT BOCC ACTION:
None
CONTRACT/AGREEMENT CHANGES:
None
STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS:
Approval
TOTAL COST: none
COST TO COUNTY: none
BUDGETED: Yes _No --X..
REVENUE PRODUCING: Yes No ---X AMOUNT PER MONTH_ Year_
APPROVED BY: County Atty _
DOCUMENTATION:
Included X
agement _
DIVISION DIRECTOR APPROVAL:
Growth Management
DISPOSITION:
To Follow_
AGENDA ITEM #fl
Revised 2/27/01
HPC
Historic Preservation Commission
Monroe County
February 12, 2002
Ms. K. Marlene Conaway
Planning Director
Monroe County Planning Department
Marathon Government Center
2798 Overseas Highway, Suite 410
Marathon, Florida 33050
Dear Ms. Conaway:
On January 14, 2002, the Monroe County Historic Preservation Commission
voted to recommend the designation of the old Overseas Highway on Cudjoe
Key. I am enclosing supporting materials along with the resolution of the
HPC and what I hope will be the resolution of the HoCC.
As you know, the next step in the designation process involves bringing the
item to a vote before the County Commission. Either Marathon or Key West
would be an appropriate place to review this application. I am hopeful that
you can place this item on the agenda for a future meeting.
Please contact me if you need additional materials or if you have any
questions.
Thank you.
YOU~v ~
orn
enclosures
Historic Florida Keys Foundation
Old City Hall, 510 Greene St., Key West, FL 33040
tel. (305) 292-6718 facsimile (305) 293-6348
RESOLUTION NO. H01-02
A RESOLUTION BY THE MONROE COUNTY
HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION
RECOMMENDING THAT THE MONROE COUNTY BOARD
OF COMMISSIONERS GRANT THE DESIGNATION OF
"HISTORIC AND CULTURAL LANDMARK" TO THE
OLD OVERSEAS HIGHWAY ON CUDJOE KEY.
WHEREAS the Monroe County Historic Preservation
commission during a regular meeting held on January 14, 2002,
conducted a public hearing to discuss recommending the
designation of the Old Overseas Highway on Cudjoe Key as a
"Historic and Cultural Landmark" as provided by Article VIII
of the Monroe County Code, Amended; and
WHEREAS the Historic Preservation Commission was
presented with the following evidence, which by reference is
hereby incorporated as a part of the record:
1. An application for designation signed by Jose Abreu,
of the Florida Department of Transportation, owner of the Old
Overseas Highway on Cudjoe Key;
2. A Memorandum, dated March 11, 2001, from Janus
Research to the Florida Department of Transportation; and
3. The Archaeological Site Form, dated November 3, 2000,
for Old State Road 4A/U. S. 1, as listed in the Florida
Master Site File; and
WHEREAS the Historic Preservation Commission has made
the following Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law:
1. Based on the evidence produced at the hearing,
including the testimony and the written data, the
commission finds that the Old Overseas Highway on Cudjoe
Key is significant to the history of Monroe County and
the State of Florida, meeting the standards for
designation as specified in Sec. 9.5-454 (a) (1) of the
Monroe County Land Development Regulations; NOW
THEREFORE,
Page 1 of 2
Initial~~
BE IT RESOLVED BY THE HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION OF
MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA, that the preceding Findings of Fact
and Conclusions of Law support their decision to RECOMMEND
that the Monroe County Board of Commissioners designate the
Old Overseas Highway on Cudjoe Key a "Historic and Cultural
Landmark" as provided for by Article VIII of the Monroe
County Code, Amended.
PASSED AND ADOPTED by the Historic Preservation Commission of
Monroe County, Florida, at a regular meeting held on the 14th
day of January, 2002.
Chair Allen YES
Vice-Chair Silvia YES
Commissioner Clupper YES
Commissioner Johnson ABSENT.
Commissioner Lloyd YES
HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION OF
~.,~~;:O~TY, _
~-~ /'
Alice Allen, Chair
Signed this~J? day of ~t'/t'a1~Y, 2002.
/
ltAPeflOVED AS <, FOaM
BY ~;~~~
Attorney s Office
Page 2 of 2
Initia~
Planning Department
RESOLUTION NO.
A RESOLUTION BY THE MONROE COUNTY BOARD
OF COMMISSIONERS GRANTING THE DESIGNATION
OF "HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL LANDMARK" TO
THE OLD OVERSEAS HIGHWAY ON CUDJOE KEY.
WHEREAS THE OLD OVERSEAS HIGHWAY ON CUD JOE KEY meets the
"criteria for the designation of historic properties" as
specified in Section 9.5-454 (a) (1) of the Monroe County
Code, Amended, in that the site is significant in the history
of Monroe County and the State of Florida; and
WHEREAS the procedures of historic designation set forth
in Section 9.5-455 of the Monroe County Code, Amended, have
been followed, in that:
1. The Historic Florida Keys Foundation initiated the
proposed designation, preparing an application for
designation with the concurrence of the Florida
Department of Transportation, the owner of the site;
2. The Florida Department of Transportation directed Janus
Research to prepare an analysis of the history and
significance of the site, the results of which are
summarized in a Memorandum dated March 11, 2001;
Page 1 of 3
3. The above materials established the basis for
designation under Code Section 9.5-454 and included
other evidence that supports the designation,
documenting the historic, social, and cultural
significance of the site;
4. The Monroe County Historic Preservation Commission,
during a regular session held on January 14, 2002,
conducted a public hearing on the proposed designation
and reviewed the application for designation; and
5. The Historic Preservation Commission voted unanimously
at said public hearing to recommend to the Monroe County
Board of Commissioners that the Board grant historical
designation to the site, as stated in the Historic
Preservation Commission Resolution No. HOI-02; and
WHEREAS the Monroe County Board of Commissioners has
considered the proposed designation and the recommendation of
the Historic Preservation Commission; NOW THEREFORE,
BE IT RESOLVED BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF
MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA, THAT:
Page 2 of 3
THE OLD OVERSEAS HIGHWAY ON CUDJOE KEY is hereby
historically designated as provided by Article VIII of the
Monroe County Code, Amended.
PASSED AND ADOPTED by the Board of County Commissioners
of Monroe County, Florida, at a regular meeting of said Board
held on the
day of
, A.D. 2002.
Mayor McCoy
Mayor Pro Tem Spehar
Commissioner Nelson
Commissioner Neugent
Commissioner Williams
BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
OF MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA
By:
MAYOR/CHAIRMAN
(Seal)
Attest:
DANNY L. KOLHAGE, CLERK
BY:
DEPUTY CLERK
Page 3 of 3
MEMORANDUM
Date:
March 11,2001
To:
Cathy Owen, FDOT, District 6
From:
Amy Groover Streelman, Janus Research
cc:
Kate Hoffman, Janus Research
Re:
Cudjoe Key National Register of Historic Places Eligibility
At the request of the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT), District 6, Janus
Research performed a cultural resources assessment survey (CRAS) of Old US 1 on
Cudjoe Key, Monroe County. Janus Research surveyed and photographed the historic
roadbed, performed background research, and evaluated if the resource is potentially
eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). This portion of
Old US 1 was recently recorded in November of 2000 by Diane Sylvia, the Historic
Preservation Planner for the City of Key West. The Old US 1 Cudjoe Key portion was
included in the documentation of the remaining sections of the entire length of Old US
lIState Road 4A (8M03433); the Florida Master Site File form is an attachment to this
memorandum.
Photograph 1: Old US 1 on Cudjoe Key East of Cutthroat Road,
Facing West
Page 1
Physical Description
Old US 1 in Cudjoe Key is located on the north side of present day US 1, and extends
from approximately Mile Marker 20 to Mile Marker 23 in Township 53 South, Range 42
East, and Sections 29 and 30 (USGS Quadrangle Maps Summerland Key 1972 and
Sugarloaf Key 1972) (Photograph 1, Figure 1). On Cudjoe Key, Old US 1 runs parallel to
current US 1. From the east end at Mile Marker 23 to approximately Cutthroat Road, Old
US 1 is narrow and can accommodate one automobile. The roadbed appears to be
comprised of a combination of marl and asphalt, and it remains in fair condition. Heavy
vegetation has grown along the sides of the road in this section. Heading west beyond
Cutthroat Road, Old US l's appearance and condition remains generally the same as east
of Cutthroat Road. A canopy of trees covers a portion of this section of the road. West of
Blimp Road, the road has been recently covered with asphalt and is well maintained. The
road is wider in this portion and easily accommodates vehicular traffic (Photograph 2).
Thick vegetation is located on both sides of the road and several homes are sited on the
north side of the road. Heading further west, Old US 1 tapers but it is still wide enough
for one automobile (Photograph 3). Vegetation continues to flank both sides of the
roadway. The roadway materials of marl and asphalt have not been maintained and
remain in fair condition. At the west end, Old US 1 terminates just before the east shore
of Bow Channel.
Photograph 2: Old US 1, West of Blimp Road, Facing West
Page 2
Photograph 3: Old US 1, West of Mile Marker 21, Facing West
Historical Overview
In the early part of the 20th century, travel from the Florida mainland to Key West was
possible on the Key West Extension of Henry Morrison Flagler's Florida East Coast
Railway (F .E.C.). The line was opened to rail traffic in January of 1912. Several years
later, in 1917, the idea for a roadway across the Florida Keys began to slowly evolve
when Monroe County initiated a $100,000 bond issue to construct roads and trails on Key
Largo and Big Pine Key. During this time, a bridge between Key West and Stock Island
was also proposed (Monroe County Engineering Department 1926:9). These initial
improvements were to benefit the local island inhabitants, who were mostly farmers.
Eventually as interest in Keys real estate increased, the citizens of Monroe County voted
in favor of a $400,000 bond to construct 17 miles of roadway and bridges from Stock
Island northward in 1920. This bond was followed two years later by a $300,000 bond for
the purpose of connecting Key Largo to the mainland and further advancing the roadway
from Stock Island northward (Snead 1929:3). These projects were identified as Project
Numbers 1 and 2, respectively (Monroe County Engineering Department 1926:9).
The Land Boom was in full swing in 1924 when Monroe County realized the potential of
a continuous highway linking the Florida mainland with Key West. A $2.65 million bond
was passed and construction of six miles of bridges began in earnest. Additional project
areas were established with eight more construction zones identified as Project Numbers
3 through 10 (Monroe County Engineering Department 1926: 9).
Page 3
The Cudjoe Key portion was included within Project No" 7. The S. J. Groves Company
from Minneapolis, Minnesota was responsible for the construction of Project Numbers 7
and 9, which began in No Name Key to the east and terminated in Sugarloaf Key to the
west. The company workers cleared the right-of-way on Cudjoe Key, where their base
camp was established, and also cleared Sugarloaf Key and Big Pine Key. This company
built a bridge over the Kemp Channel at the eastern end of Cudjoe Key (The Key West
Citizen August 16, 1926:3). They completed 15 miles of roadway and three miles of
bridgework by November of 1927, for a total of about $1 million dollars (The Key West
Citizen January 25, 1928: 1). The majority of the road constructed in these areas traversed
low flat prairies, in which the grade was raised from an elevation of 101.18 feet (mean
low water) to a grade of 104.5 feet (Monroe County Engineering Department 1926: 11).
ProJ . 7-Oudj oe Xey
Photograph 4: Old US 1 (First Overseas Highway) on Cudjoe Key while under
Construction, Circa 1924-1928, Photograph Courtesy of the City of Key
West Public Library
A total of 128.5 miles of the first Overseas Highway, known today as Old US 1, was
constructed from Miami in Dade County to Key West in Monroe County (Snead 1929:3).
The Monroe County portion totaled 95.5 miles of highway, which included portions of
the Boulevard, one of Key West's main thoroughfares. The roads were constructed of
local rock and marl (Snead 1929: 15). The marl contained materials of marine origin
including quantities of lime, clay, sand, and carbonaceous materials. Marl, if undisturbed
and hardened in the sun, will form a coating through which water will not pass (U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Public Roads 1928: 11). The county built a total of
six miles of bridges, using a combination of creosoted timber piles and bracing, Ur1treated
caps, stringers, and flooring. Each bridge was 16 feet in width (Snead 1929: 15). This
huge endeavor resulted in a passable highway from Key West to No Name Key, then
from Knights Key to the north end of Grassy Key, and finally from Lower Matecumbe to
the Florida mainland (Snead 1929:3).
Page 4
To cross the approximate 40-mile "water gap" between Lower Matecumbe Key and No
Name Key, three ferry boats were utilized with one going south, one going north, and the
other in reserve for emergencies. These ferries, purchased from the Gibbs Gas Engine
Company of South Jacksonville, could each accommodate 20 cars and 150 passengers
(The Key West Citizen, January 25, 1928:1). The fare for vehicles ranged from $3.50 to
$6.50 including dinner, and passengers were charged a dollar apiece. The ferries would
leave the dock at 8:00 a.m. and 1 :00 p.m. daily. The ferry services raised the overall
Overseas Highway cost to $3.97 million bond issue (Wilkinson n.d.:22).
The official opening of the first Overseas Highway was on January 28, 1928. By
September 10, 1929, 18,480 vehicles and 56,840 passengers had traveled the "water gap"
by ferry (Bethel 1989:9). In January of 1930, a roadway was completed from the north
end of Grassy Key to the south end of Knights Key. This now separated the 40-mile
"water gap" into two gaps of approximately 14 miles apiece. At this time, the trip from
Key Largo to Key West took approximately eight hours, with four hours spent traveling
on a ferry (Hopkins 1986:53).
In late 1929, Army Engineers were consulted to provide the county with an estimate on
bridging the "water gaps"; the cost was estimated at $7.5 million. Monroe County was
already $4 million dollars in debt, so the Overseas Highway Bridge Corporation (OHBC)
was formed. This organization submitted its plan to the Reconstruction Finance
Corporation (RFC) to borrow $10.7 million. This loan was to be amortized over 19 years,
and the highway would then be turned over to the county (Wilkinson n.d.:22).
Unfortunately, the country's economy was floundering in the midst of the Great
Depression and funds were scarce. In October of 1932, the RFC forwarded the request for
the loan to Washington D.C.; however, progress was slow. In 1933, the State Legislature
dissolved the OHBC and the Monroe County Toll Bridge Commission was established to
sell bonds to finish the highway (Hopkins 1986:53). The following year the state
recognized this new commission, which in turn was recognized by President Roosevelt.
Regardless, no money was appropriated to the project (Wilkinson n.d.:22).
On July 4, 1934, the federal government created the Federal Emergency Relief
Administration (FERA). At the time, Washington was under "siege" by the "Bonus
Army," which was composed of disgruntled World War I veterans. Out of work, these
veterans were encamped in Washington in protest. A young Douglas MacArthur was sent
to Washington to disperse the squatters. Riots ensued and adverse public opinion
mounted. The federal government quickly formulated a plan to find the veterans work.
The men were shipped south to Jacksonville, and then traveled further south to repair
Fort Jefferson in the Dry Tortugas. When the veterans arrived, too many people were
already working on the project. Consequently, many men were shipped to Lower
Matecumbe j{ey to begin building the long sought after highway bridges, as the
government was aware of the Monroe County Toll Bridge Commission's earlier r.equest
to complete the highway (Wilkinson n.d.:22).
Disaster struck on Labor Day in 1935, when a devastating hurricane hit the Keys killing
over 400 people, many of whom were the veterans working on the highway project. Most
Page 5
of the large bridges associated with Flagler's F.E.C. Railway remained intact, however,
much of the existing railway tracks and embankments were washed away. As a
consequence of the storm, the F.E.C. Railway went bankrupt, and the railroad extension
in the Keys was abandoned (Wilkinson n.d.:23). The Monroe County Toll Bridge
Commission saw this disaster opportunity to have the Overseas Highway completed. The
Federal Public Works Administration approved a $3.6 million loan to finish the highway.
The loan would be repaid with tolls (Hopkins 1986:53). In 1936, the commission
purchased from the F.E.C. the right-of-way from Florida City to Key West for $640,000.
The Commission formulated a plan to construct a highway system utilizing the standing
remnants of the old railway bridges and the existing roadways. The new Overseas
Highway replaced the road, bridge, and ferry system built by Monroe County in the
1920s (Shiver 1978). John R. Slade was the chairman of the commission, and B.M.
Duncan was chosen as the chief engineer to convert and redesign the railway bridges into
a two-lane highway. Steel beams were laid across the former bridges, which were then
encased in concrete to reinforce them. Each of these bridges was 20 feet wide with a 9-
inch high and 20-inch wide curb (Wilkinson n.d.:23). The Bahia Honda Bridge proved to
be the most difficult engineering task during the reconstruction of the highway. The
topmost portion of the camelback trestle rose to over 65 feet. Concrete slabs were placed
on top of the trusses and a graduated climb and descent was designed specifically for
automobile traffic. After the Bahia Honda Bridge, the old roadway from the original
Overseas Highway was used all the way to Key West.
The second incarnation of the Overseas Highway opened for traffic in 1938, and its entire
length was traveled by President Roosevelt the following year (Wilkinson n.d.:23).
Around this time, the Overseas Highway was also identified as part of Interstate U.S. 1
that extended from Maine south to Key West. During the World War IT era of the 1940s,
as part of a national defense project to improve the movement of military traffic, the U.S.
Navy constructed roads over the old F.E.C. railroad beds; therefore, the original Overseas
Highway built in the 1920s was abandoned. Today, several isolated sections of the
original Overseas Highway throughout the Florida Keys remain intact. Some portions
have been covered with asphalt and widened for present day vehicular use, and other
portions are used as bicycle and pedestrian paths.
Determination of NRHP Eligibility
Following an evaluation of Old US 1 on Cudjoe Key, this linear historic resource
maintains historical significance. As a remnant of the original Overseas Highway
constructed in the 1920s, the roadway is historically important based on its associations
with the early 20th -century heritage of the Florida Keys. Old US 1 on Cudjoe Key was
part of the first Overseas Highway, which connected mainland Florida with the major
islands in the Florida Keys. The road segment is directly related to the transportation
history of the area and was also instrumental to the Keys growth and development.
In addition to maintaining historical significance, Old US 1 on Cudjoe Key also retains
historic integrity. Old US 1 on Cudjoe Key retains integrity of location, design, setting,
Page 6
feeling, and association. Although the road segment has been paved in several areas and
the materials have not been maintained in other areas, overall it continues to convey its
historic character and significance. During this survey, nearby sections of Old US 1 were
visually surveyed in order to assess the integrity of Old US 1 on Cudjoe Key in
comparison to other remaining segments. The portions of Old US 1 on No Name Key and
Boca Chica have been widened and repaved and, therefore, they no longer appear to be
historic roadways and do not retain historic integrity.
Based on its historic significance and integrity, Old US 1 on Cudjoe Key is considered
potentially eligible for inclusion in the NRHP under Criterion A in the areas of
Community Planning and Development and Transportation. Old US 1 on Cudjoe Key is a
linear resource. When assessing linear resources in terms of their eligibility for inclusion
in the NRHP, they are sometimes treated as multiple property submissions if the entire
linear resource is not intact, but exists as noncontiguous segments across an extended
area (Hardesty and Little 2000:80). Consequently, Old US 1 on Cudjoe Key is considered
NRHP-eligible as part of a multiple property submission that would include intact
segments of Old US 1. Several intact segments of the first Overseas Highway remain on
Islamorda, Tavernier, Grassy Key, and Summerland Key. Other elements of Old US 1
could also be included in the multiple property submission including the remnants of the
ferry abutments that apparently remain in several areas.
Because they are interrelated and historically significant, portions of the second Overseas
Highway (the current US 1) and the historic bridges associated with the latter version of
the highway, plus Flagler's F.E.C. Railway could also be included in a multiple property
submission that would encompass the historic transportation systems of the Florida Keys.
Three bridges, Long Key Bridge, Knight Key Bridge, and Old Bahia Honda Bridge, were
included in the NRHP in 1979. Additionally, in a memorandum dated July 7, 2000,
Walter Marder of the Florida Division of Historical Resources noted that all 23 of the
F.E.C. railway bridges are considered eligible for inclusion in the NRHP.
Page 7
References Cited
Bethel, Rod
1989 First Overseas Highway to Key West, Fla. No publisher.
Hardesty, Donald and Barbara Little
2000 Assessing Site Significance: A Guide for Archaeologists and Historians. Altimira
Press.
Hopkins, Alice
1986 The Development of the Overseas Highway. Journal ofthe Historical Association
Southern Florida.
The Key West Citizen
1926 Automobile Highway Over the Sea. August 16. Key West, Florida.
1928 Key West Touches Hands With Mainland in One Magnificent Gesture - The
Overseas Highway. January 25. Key West, Florida.
Monroe County Engineering Department.
1926 Report on Overseas Highway Status and Progress. Document on file at the City of
Key West Public Library.
Snead, Charles D. Senior, Highway Bridge Engineer
1929 Report of Preliminary Investigation Florida Overseas Highway between Lower
Matecumbe and No Name Keys, Monroe County, Florida. Document on file at
the City of Key West Library.
Shiver, W. Carl
1978 National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form, Overseas Highway and
Railway Bridges, Long Key Bridge, Knight Key Bridge, and Old Bahia Honda
Bridge. Document on File at the Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee.
U.S. Department of Agriculture Bureau of Public Roads
1928 Report of a Survey of Uncompleted Bridges of the Overseas Highway from Key
West to the Mainland, State of Florida. As required by H.J. Resolution 256, 70th
Congress, 1 st Session.
Wilkinson, Terry
n.d. A Bit of Keys History. No publisher.
Page 8
'0
L......"''-'........&...IV~V\Jt\.......J-..L.J'-'.l..AA.J.... '-J.J.\.1'1
FLOIUDA MASTER SITE FILE
Version 2.2 3/97
Consul! Guide to Arr:/lelJoIogica/ Si/e Fomlfor del ailed Instructions.
I:X Original
o Update
(give snd)
'--J"~",-,.'_ _ ___
Recorder sii~it-~==:~-_..
FieloDatf! _l ,
Fonn Delle --.ll'_3 -=:'=:O_Q
SileName(s) Old state ROt=ln 4A In' n TlS1 ~mlljPlWSli(;glO1/R~illylfmmll1N~::;,1
Project Name FMSF Survey #I __
Ownership: Oprlvale.profil Oprivate.nonprofil Oprivate.lndivldual Oprivale,uns~ld. Deily !HCIlunly jEJstale 0 lederal Dlorelgn ONalive ^merir..:m Ou"kno'N~
USGS 7.5 Map Name & Dale Key Wes t a.nd-B.a..~Chi.c.a-...1!L7_L- CounIY...Monr_<le.
Township_ Range-,-- Section o Check KlrregularSeclion; Qlr.Seclion(r.heckalllhatapply): ONE ONW DSEDSVI
landgrant Tax Parcel 1# (s)
CitylToWn(ifwlthln3ml.) Islamorada. Marathon, and Key West InCurrenlCilylirnils? layes lano Ounknown
UTM:Zone}[]16 017 Easling ~ _0 Northing __ _0 .
Address/Vicinity or! Roule 10 us r:-POIT10nS of fIi.e ora-road were lncorpora ted into the
present Cay Overseas ~~y. ~solatea segments stlll eXlst and are lnd1cated
Name of Public Tracl (e.g., park) on the attached map. ..
~_ _ ::::-~~_--;:.-=::.-=--==- "'='-_T= 'J
::::::;;= - ---=--==- --=-,.=- ----
i~~~~JIIRWJJ,JJi~J8.I!!QJLOIDJ
SETTING t -- STRUCTURES. OR . FEATURES t
o Lek~QOd -lecus/rine 0 aboriginal boal D 1011 ~ road segments.
o BtterlS1r~am'.Cl~.k .. riverine 0 agrldfarm building 0 midden 0 shell midden
o IIllaJ - es/uerine 0 burial mound 0 Olin unspecified 0 sheD mound
lO SaJlwaler - marine 0 building remains 0 mission 0 shipwreck
o marine un!:pecified 0 cemelery/gri'lve (J mound unspecified 0 subsurface fp.lltures
o .hlgh energy" marine 0 dump/refuse 0 plantallon 0 SUrfi'lC9 scatter
o 'Iow energy. marine 0 earthworks 0 plaltorm mound 0 well
D Land - lerreslrie/
o CaleLSlnk . subferreneen
o lerTtlslrlal
o aquaUc
o Intermillenlly l100ded
o W.~and - palustrine
o usually flooded
o someUme~ ftooded
o usually dry
o Other
D RSS
Aborlalnal t 0 Englewood 0 Glades unsped!. 0 SI. Augustine
o Alachua 0 Fort Wallon 0 Hickory Pond 0 SI. Johns la
o Archaic, Early 0 Glades la 0 Leon"elferson 0 SI. Johns Ib
o Archaic. Middle 0 Glades Ib 0 Malabar I 0 SI. Johns I unspecified
o Archaic, Lale 0 Glades I unspecif. 0 Malabar II 0 SI. Johns lIa
o Archaic unspeclfied 0 Glades lIa 0 Manasola II SI. Johns lib
o 8elle Glade f 0 Glades lib 0 MounlTaylor 0 SI. Johns IIc
o Belle Glade II 0 Glades IIc 0 Norwood 0 SI. Johns II unspecified
o Belle Glade 111 0 Glades II unspecif. 0 Orange 0 SI. Johns unspecified
o Belle Glade IV 0 Glades Ilia 0 Paleoindian 0 Sanla Rosa
o Belle Glade unspedr. 0 Glades IIIb 0 Pensacola 0 Santa Rosa.Swin Creek
o Cades Pond 0 Glades IIIc 0 Perico Island 0 Seminole: Colonizi'llion
o Depltord 0 Glades 111 unspec!'. 0 Safely Harbor 0 Seminole: lslWarTo 2d
o Other (Less common phase3 are nol check.listed. For hlsloric sites, elso give specific dales If known.)
.0 SemInole: 2d War To 3d
o Seminole: 3d War On
o Seminole unspecified
o Sw," Creek, Eeriy
o Swill Creek. Lele
o Swill Creek, unspecified
o TransiUonal
o Weeden Island I
o Weeden Island"
o Weeden Island unsped!.
o Prehistoric nonceramlc
o Prehlsloric ceramic
o Prehistoric unsrecified
Late 1920's.
;--~--- - ~-~-~_:~-~-~
FUNCTION t
IJ none specified
IJ campsite
[) exlradive sne
U habili'llion (prehistoric)
r J homeslMd (historic)
U farmslead
tJ village (prehistoric)
[J lown (historic)
o queny
Nonaborlalnal t
o First Spanish 1513.99
o Flrsl Spanish t600.99
o F1f11l Spanish 1700- t 763
o Flrsl SpanIsh un,pecifigtj
o Brilish 1763.1783
o Ser..ond Spanish 1783. t8} t
...0 Ame,lc;1n Territorial t8}1.~5
o'^merlcan ClvaWar 18SI.65
o ^merican..1~l!1 Century
>p ^merican 201h Centllr(
rJ ^merl~n unspecified
o African.^merlcan
* Consull Guide to Archaeologicaf Site FornI for preferred descriptions nolli-sled above (data are 'coded fields. allhe Site File).
a:_~~R~~~W"~. ___...
Potentially eligible for a local regisler? JPyes: name register al right Ono Oinsulliclenllnfo Name of local reglsler If eligible: Monroe Coun t y
Individually eligible for National Regisler? Dyes Ono Oinsurficlentlnfo
Polenlial conlribulor 10 NR dislrict? }(Jyes Ono Oinsurficlentlnfo
ExplanalionofEvaluation(Requlredlfevalualed;limiltoJlines; altachlullJuslificalion) Old state Road 4A/Old US1 was built
to provide access from the mainland throuqhout the Florida Keys. It ~as
replaced when the Overseas Railroad was severely damaqed by the hurricane
Recommendations for Owner or SHPOAclion of 1935 and the present day US1 was built in the
. . ~ idanc~_ If this ~s not possible, archaeoloqical
"::. :'ih:-"l.Yi>DHR'.USE:ONLY;l61~~J"'"'''' OFFICIAL: EV ALUA rlbNS Wwj~)H~~ bHR USE:()NLY1:+t~lf,;mT/t,; i;;~ .....
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National Regislet Crileri~ ;0;" ~VBIUl3fi.6h'._E~~ :. ~b.' !: Dei . ~D.~ .J~ee Na~t~na(R~~;s!et BU"f.Yf( t ~~. P:, 2))L1m .. .';' I,,;': ,~.:,,~;':,;~i:;~G~'{J:: ~t~~);:'::::X
liR6E0640 1..97 florIda Unter Slit rlltl Dlv. 01 III.torlctl ROIoun:n/ R. ^- GIIY Bldg 1 SOO S Bronough St. hll2hgua3. Il 32399.025.)
Phone (904H37.2199 / Suncom 277.2199 /Fax 19M~92'.0J12l E.mall Imlnlf@null.doulnla.n.ul
Computer Documqnl File p:1FSnrJOCSIFORMSlAR]ORU _ vnooc
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Page 2
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FORM
Consu~ Guide /0 ArcheeologictJf Sife Form lor detailed instructions.
Sile #8Ma
SITE DETECT-ION' SITE BOUNDARIES'
o no field check 0 exposed ground 0 screened shovel 0 bounds unknown 0 remole sensing
o litera lure search 0 posthole digger 0 none by recorder 0 insp exposed ground
o informant report 0 auger-size:_ 0 lilerature search 0 poslhole tests
o remote sensing 0 unscreened shovel 0 inFormant report 0 auger--size:
Other methods; number, size, depth, pallero of unils; screen size (allach sile plan) ~PlJmpn h:; of the
still in 9XiEtgnCQ (EgO map 3ttached).
o unscreened shovel
o screened shovel
o block excavalions
o estimate or guess
raad are
Extenl Size (m2) _ Depth/stratigraphy of cultural deposit ~ 11 r f n CP ~
~
Temporal Interpretation" - Components (check one): Ga single 0 prob single 0 prob multiple 0 multiple 0 uncertain 0 unknown
Describe each occupalion in plan (refer to allached large scale map) and straligraphically. Discuss temporal and functional interpretations: Ear 1 v
20th century to present.
Integrity Overall disturbance'; 0 none seen 0 minor 0 substanfial ~ major 0 redeposited 0 destroyed-document I 0 unknown
Disturbances/threats/protective measures
# collection units
T olal Artifacts #
COLLECTION SELECTIVlTY'
o unknown 0 un selective (all artifacts)
o seleclive (some artiFacts)
o mixed selectivity
SPA TIAL CONTROL'
o uncollected 0 general (nol by subarea)
o unknown 0 controlled (by subarea)
o variable spatial control
(C)ount or (E)stimate? Surface # (C) or (E) Subsurface #
ARTIFACT CA TEGORIES" and DISPOSITIONS' (example: ..A.. bone-human)
(C) or (E)
o Other
Pick exaclly one code from Disposition List cO cO cO cO
- bone-animal _ exotic-nonlocal
- bone-human _ glass
- bone-unspecified _Iithics-aboriginal
bone-worked _ melal-nonprecious
- bricklbuilding debris _ metal-precious/coin
- ceramic-aboriginal _ shell-unworked
- ceramic-non aboriginal shell-worked
daub Others:
Disposition LIst'..,,;; ..
A 'i categOiy'8twaysco~ed . ..'
S ~ scime Hemsiri ealegory colleCted . .~;i .
o - obse~~ Ii~~band. bui riolco,n~ :. .-.
R - coUededand subsequenliy ie~al sii~F
I ;. inrormaMiePdrted C3legorypiilseiij .
U - unknown" -P ,.
Artifact Comments
DIAGNOSTICS. (Type or mode, and frequency: e.g., Suwanee ppk, heat-trealed chert, Deplford Check-stamped, ironstone/whileware)
1. N=_ 5. N=_ 9. N=_
2. N=_ 6. N=_ 10. N=_
3. N=_ 7. N=_ 11. N=_
4. N=_ 8. N=_ 12. N=_
Nearest fresh water type' & name (ind. relict source) 511 h- 5 11r face Disfance (m)/bearing
Natural community (FNAI category' or leave blank)
Local vegetation m~ x~n trap; cn] hnmmack, mangrove forest. halophytic shrubs / qrasses
Topography- islands Min Elevalion~melers Max Elevalion~melers
Present land use cammerci al and residential
SCS soil series Key Largo Limestone Soil association Entisois
Informanl(s): Name/Address/Phone/Email
Describe field & analysis noles, artiFacts, photos. For each, give type'(e.g., notes), curaling organizalion', accession #s, and"short descriplion.
M"uscr;pls or Publ;"I;o" 0' ~e sHe (u.. 00'"""'",,, ,h,,1. g"~ FI.ISF" .."",,) WP. r., 1 i <) pen K p ~ e ] q 14 j
US1 1938: and WPA Guide to Florlda 1939 by the Federal rlters Pro ect.
Recorder(s): Name/Addr.lPhone/EmaiIDiane Silvia, P 0 Rox 140Qt l{Pt{ tl1pC;t- FT. 33040
AFfiliation' or FAS Chapter Ci ty ot Key West and Historic Fori a Keys Foundation
* Consull Guide 10 Archaeological Sile Form for preferred descriptions not listed above (data are 'coded r;elds" a! the Site File).
SITE P!.AN &- USGS TlEQUmrO At 1'=300' (1J600) Qr l;Jrq~r SvJI<:. ~ho'll' 5H~ tx>lmrJ~r.e5. Sr:.,l~, ,,,,,fh ""r~,I/ rllh:m. !~d'r"l!nrl~n un:'.~ l.lr~'k1,1'~.~ "wrN~ (t{"..
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Monroe County Historic Preserv~tion Program
Application for Designation
Fee: $25 (residential)
$50 (commercial)
For use in designating historic properties under Article VITI of the Monroe County Code.
Anyone seeking to officially designate a historic property shall file this application with
the Planning Department.
When the Planning Director determines that the application is complete, the Planning
Director shall prepare a designation report with recommendations for submittal to the
historic preservation commission and advertise and schedule a public hearing for
con~ideration.by the HPC.
Stree~ address of subject property
..
Key Cudj oe
-Lot
- Biock
Subdivision
In addition, if a description of the property is available from a deed and/or a survey,
please enclose a copy.
RE# Mile Marker2 0- 23 Acreage of Property
Historicnameofproperty Old U.S. 1/01d State Road 4A
Other name(s)
Name of property owner Florida Department of Transportation
Address of property owner 1000 N\v 11 th Ave, Room 6207, Miami, FL 33172
Telephone number of property owner
Name of applicant (if different) Historic Florida Keys Foundation, Inc.
Address of applicant 510 Greene St., Key West, FL 33040
Telephone number(s) of applicant 305- 2 9 2-6 718
Da~e of construction of property 1928
Architect/Designer
Builder/Contractor
OriginalOwner(s) State of Florida
.....v..... v... ,",VUULY nl~LVu"" J. . .......... . <l.UUU r lugrarn
Application for Designation
Page 2
The HPC may recommcmd the designation as historical property those buildings, sites,
structures, or objects, that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials,
workmanship, feeling, and association in one or more of the following four categories.
Please check all that apply.
. X A.
Property is significant in the history of Monroe County, the State of
Florida, or the - United States, or is associated with events that are
significant in the history of Monroe County, the State of Florida, or the
United States. .
B. Property is associated with the lives of individuals significant in the past.
C. Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or
method of construction, or represents the work of a master, or possesses
high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity
whose components may lack individual distinction.
D. Property has yielded or may be likely to yield information important in
prehistory or history.
Ordinarily, cemeteries, biI!hplaces, or graves of historical figures, properties-owned by-
religious institutions or used for religious purposes, structures that have been moved from
their original location, reconstructed historical buildings, properties primarily
commemorative in nature, and properties that have achieved significance within the past
50 years, may not be designated. However, such properties may be designated if they fall
within the following categories. Please check all that apply.
A. Property is a religious property deriving primary significance from
architectural or artistic distinction, or historical importance.
B.Property is a building or Structure removed from its original location but
which is significant primarily for architectural value, or is the surviving
structure most importantly associated with an historic person or event.
C. Property is a birthplace or grave of a historical figure of outstanding
importance, and there is no appropriate site or building directly associate0.
with his or her productive life.
D, Property is a cemetery which derives its primary significance from the
graves of individuals of transcendent importance, from age, from
distinctive design features, or from association with historic events,
E. Property is a reconstructed building, done in accordance with Article VIII
of the Monroe County Code.
F. Property is primarily commemorative in intent whose design, age,
tradition, or symbolic value has invested it with its own exceptional
significance.
G. Property has achieved significance within the past 50 years and is of
exceptional importance,
..
....""'.._""'- ........"'''''4'''~) ......"'.;)~v......w.. ...-....-.... -...v........ 4o.V&I.4.6"''''
Application for Designation
Page 3
Please attach a current color or black and white photograph of the
property, no smaller -than 3 ~" X 5". Additional photos and historic
documentation may be submitted separately. These materials can be
returned if requested.
On a separate sheet of paper, please provide a written statement with the following
information:
..
· Describe the property physically, including buildings, outbuildings, setting, landscape
features, and surface and subsurface "remains (for properties with archeological
significance)
· Assess the integrity of the property: What is its present condition? Does it still retain
historic features?
· Provide a history of the property, to the extent possible. How has the property
evolved and chaIlged? Who has owned the property over time?
· Explain how the property meets the designation criteria above. Drawing on the
property's history and physical characteristics, make a case for the property's historic
significance and integrity.
SOURCES
Please list primary and secondary source materials used to document the property.
Include interviews or oral history as well as published materials.
The WPA Guide to Florida (1939)
Federal Writers' Project
U.s. One: Maine to Florida (1938)
Monroe LOUnty HIstone .t'reservallon .t'rogram
Application for Designation
Page 4
Are any of the following available for this property? If possible, please provide copies
with this application.
CHECKLIST OF POSSIBLE ENCLOSURES
. Additional Contemporary Photographs
Historic Photographs
Construction Plans
Abstract of Title
Survey
Deed
Previous designation report
..
Additional historical information
In filing this application, I understand that it becomes part of the Public Record of
Monroe County and hereby certify that all information contained herein is accurate to the
best ofrny knowledge.
Florida Statutes 286.D 105 states
at any meeting regarding this a
which include~teSiimon and e
Signature of ow\
Date 1 ... '24 - D {
Date 1- 04 - ~