Item F06BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY
Meeting Date: November 18, 2009
Bulk Item: Yes X No
Division: Employee Services
Department: Safety
Staff Contact Person/Phone # Ike Beal X4557
AGENDA ITEM WORDING: Approval of revisions to the Monroe County Safety Policies and
Procedure Manual.
ITEM BACKGROUND: The safety policies are a means to reduce or eliminate unsafe
conditions or practices where losses may occur and provide a safe and health environment for
county employees. The manual is updated from time to time to reflect applicable safety issues.
PREVIOUS RELEVANT BOCC ACTION: The original policy was adopted in 1991 with
revisions in 1998 and the last revision was on April 19, 2006. In addition to county functions
directly under the purview of the BOCC, other county agencies falling under the Workers
Compensation Program are invited to participate in this program.
CONTRACT/AGREEMENT CHANGES: N/A
STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS: Approval
TOTAL COST: None_ INDIRECT COST: None BUDGETED: Yes No
DIFFERENTIAL OF LOCAL PREFERENCE: N/A
COST TO COUNTY: NIA SOURCE OF FUNDS:
REVENUE PRODUCING: Yes No X AMOUNT PER MONTH Year
\ y
APPROVED BY: County Atty 10/Purchasing Risk Manageme
DOCUMENTATION:
DISPOSITION:
Revised 7/09
Included X Not Required
AGENDA ITEM #
C
UN-FYMONROE
KEY WEST FLORIDA 33040
(305) 294--4641
Office of the Employee Service; Division Director
The Historic Gato Cigar Factory
1100 Simonton Street, Suite 268
key West, FL 330-t0
(305) 292--t 68 — Phone
(:305) 292--t56 t - Fax
RQ1RD of COLNTti COMMISSIONE t5
Mayor Gorge Vugrut, District _'
Mayor Pro Tcm Sylvia J. Murphy, District,-)
Kim N`irinrhm, District t
Ilvather Carruthers. District :3
Mario Di Geimaru. District -I
TO: Board of County Commissioners DATE: October 7, 2009
FROM: Teresa E. Aguiar,
Employee Services Director
SUBJ: Safety Policies and Procedures revisions
This item requests approval of the revisions of the Safety Policies and Procedures Manual. All changes have been marked on
the attached document. Listed below are some of the main revisions.
Changes of a housekeeping nature (spelling, grammar, consistency, capitalization, rearrangement of items for clarifications,
updating current source number of Ordinances and regulations and title changes) are not considered significant
CHAPTER 5 Matrix not required. Hazards are covered in other sections of the manual.
CHAPTER 9 We are no longer required to comply with OSHA requirements. Chapter 12 can refer to diving
operations if we need to perform those duties in the future. Only SCUBA divers can provide
diving operations and they should comply with the rules of their certification.
CHAPTER 13 Fire Rescue now provides a regularly updated Standard Operating Procedure or guidelines for
"Emergency Operations and Response".
CHAPTER 14 All Safety forms are found on the exchange in the County's public folders. Equipment and
Videos are kept by Human Resources and loaned out to departments as needed.
If you have any questions on this item, please do not hesitate to contact me at X4458.
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
CHAPTER 1 THE SAFETY AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROGRAM
CHAPTER 2 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SAFETY AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION
PROGRAM
CHAPTER 3 SAFETY PROGRAM ELEMENTS DESCRIPTION
CHAPTER 4 JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS (JSA)
CHAPTER 6 ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
CHAPTER 7 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY PROGRAM
CHAPTER 8 LOCKOUT TAGOUT
CHAPTER 10 CONFINED SPACE
CHAPTER 11 BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
CHAPTER 12 GENERAL SAFETY RULES
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
THE SAFETY AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROGRAM
1.1 INTRODUCTION.............................................................. 2
1.2 DIVISION/DEPARTMENT SAFETY PROGRAM ..................... 3
1.3 REPORTING INJURIES & ACCIDENTS ............................... 10
1.4 SAFETY INSPECTIONS.................................................... 15
1.5 EMPLOYEE SAFETY MEETINGS ....................................... 16
1.6 THE SAFETY COMMITTEE ............................................... 16
1.7 SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAMS ....................................... 17
1.8 SAFETY AWARDS & SUGGESTION PROGRAMS ................ 19
1.9 SAFETY ENFORCEMENT ................................................. 19
1.10 COUNTY DRIVER PERMITS .............................................. 20
1.11 SAFETY/ACCIDENT REVIEW BOARD (MCS/ARB)................ 22
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
THE SAFETY AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROGRAM
1.1 INTRODUCTION
A. Scope
THE MONROE COUNTY SAFETY AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROGRAM is
established for the purpose of providing specifically defined goals and objectives to be
attained for the safety, health and welfare of all employees and protection of the
public.
The provisions of the PROGRAM and POLICIES contained herein are designed to
provide viable guidelines for management and employees and shall be carried out in a
manner that all benefit from its contents.
The PROGRAM is established subsidiary to and complimentary with all Federal, State,
and Local regulations.
There are three primary elements of the Safety Program; the written program, safety
training and enforcement. Although enforcement can not be obtained without the
previous two elements it is the most important and most difficult to attain. It takes a
concentrated effort on behalf of management, supervisors, safety representatives and
employees to obtain the goals and objectives set forth in this Safety Program.
B. Policy
It is the policy of the Monroe County Board of County Commissioners to provide and
maintain a safe and healthful work environment and to establish operating practices
that will safeguard the welfare of its employees and the public.
Implementation and integration of the Safety Policy is highly dependent on all levels of
management. Identification and correction of potentially hazardous operations will be
given prompt and positive action by management. Unequivocal support by
management is mandatory for an effective safety program.
No assets warrant greater attention than human resources. To that end, personal
safety, safety equipment and facilities should never be jeopardized under the guise of
operational necessity.
1.2 Responsibilities
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
A. Management
The County Administrator has been delegated responsibility for developing an
effective and an ongoing Safety and Accident Prevention Program.
Staff direction and management of the plan will be accomplished by the Safety
Administrato Officer, with authority delegated by the County Administrator.
Each employee and volunteer will be responsible for implementing the provisions of
the Program as it pertains to operations under their jurisdiction. The responsibilities
listed are MINIMUM and they shall in no way be construed to limit individual initiative
to implement more comprehensive procedures to curb risks.
B. Division and Department Heads
Division/Department Heads will be responsible and accountable for preventable
accidents and for compliance with the provisions of these policies within his/her
Division/Department.
The Division/Department Head will ensure:
1. Compliance with occupational safety, fire prevention, and health
requirements.
2. Division and Department (u-A) Safety Representatives are designated.
3. All hazardous tasks are covered by specific published work rules to
minimize the potential for injury and property damage.
4. All personnel are briefed and fully understand safety work procedures and
existing policy that enforces their use.
5. All personnel are trained in the accepted way each hazardous task must be
accomplished.
6. All personnel are instructed and understand the need for and use specific
personal protective equipment for Hazardous tasks.
7. Necessary safety equipment and protective devices for each task are
available and properly used.
8. Monthly Safety meetings (for high risk position —low risk are required twice
a ear) are held to review accidents, analyze their causes, provide safety
training, and promote free discussion of hazardous work problems and possible
solutions.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
9. Personnel are encouraged to submit safety suggestions and comments,
and to insure the adoption of those that are feasible.
10. All accidents are thoroughly investigated, recorded and promptly reported.
11. Prompt corrective action is taken wherever hazards are recognized or
unsafe acts observed.
12. Review ef hazaFds with a hazard Glass fiGatien Gede of A3, B2, G1 (Ghaptef
13. Each Supervisor is held accountable for preventable injuries, liabilities, and
accidents incurred by their employees.
14. All equipment, materials, and work conditions are maintained in a
satisfactory condition from an accident prevention standpoint.
15. The Safety Admirer Officer is contacted when assistance is needed in
implementing the Safety Program.
16. Necessary action is initiated to assure compliance with safety requirements
established for extremely hazardous conditions, locations, and operations to
include notification to the Safety AdministratGF Officer prior to the start of any
such operation.
17. It is suggested that at least one employee be on duty during normal
working hours who is adequately trained in Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation/First
Aid and in AED (Automated External Defibrillator) traiRing to have at least ene
through the Red Cross or
other approved agency.
18. All injured personnel, regardless how minor the injury, receive prompt
medical attention and that the circumstances causing the injury are investigated
and the required accident reports submitted.
19. Safety GGFnMittee6MJRit Department/Division Safety representatives are
used to maintain continuity in the Safety Program.
20. Personnel are scheduled for formal safety training.
21. Toxic -Hazardous materials are identified, handled, and stored properly.
22. A lockout/tagout program is established and maintained where applicable.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
C. Division and Department Safety Representatives
One O+visiee Safety Representative will be appointed by the Division or Department
Director. Each larger Department (or Section) will have a Safety Representative
appointed by the Division Director or Department Director. These Representatives--"
make up the Safety Gemrni#ee(s) for the Division.
Division/Department Safety Representatives shall:
Manage the Division/Department Safety Program.
2. Conduct and document workplace safety evaluations and inspections and
report results monthly to the Division/Department Director. (for high risk
positions —low risk are required twice a year).
3. Process and maintain Hazard Reports in the Division/Department Safety
Management Book or files.
4. Review workers' compensation claims involving occupational injuries and
illnesses.
5. Ensure accidents are investigated and reported as required.
6. Document all variances to occupational safety, fire prevention and
occupational health standards in the Division/Department Safety Management
Book.
7. Monitor the Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) program by assisting
supervisors with:
a. The evaluation of workplaces to determine PPE requirements.
b. Determining the proper PPE for each hazardous task.
c. Training in the selection, use, inspection and care of PPE required for
their work situation.
8. Ensure all new employees receive job and work area Safety briefings as
soon as they report to work and document the briefings.
D. Supervisory Personnel
The Supervisor has responsibility for the safe action of their personnel and the safe
performance of machines and equipment within there operating area. The Supervisor
has authority to enforce the provisions of this program to keep losses to an absolute
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
minimum.
Each Supervisor shall:
1. Assume responsibility for a safe and healthful working environment on
behalf of his/her personnel.
2. Be held accountable for preventable injuries, accidents, and liabilities
caused by the employees.
3. Ensure that all safety policies and regulations are implemented.
4. Take the initiative in recommending and documenting the correction of
deficiencies noted in facilities, work procedures, employee job knowledge, or
attitudes that adversely affect loss control efforts.
5. Be firm in enforcement of work policies and procedures including being
impartial in taking disciplinary action against those who fail to conform, and by
being prompt in giving recognition to those who perform well.
6. Ensure that each employee is fully trained for the task they are assigned to
do and that they familiar with published work rules.
7. Fully cooperate with the State and County and other safety inspectors in
shutting down operations considered to be of eminent danger to employees or in
removing personnel from hazardous tasks when they are not wearing or using
prescribed protective equipment.
8. Ensure that periodic safety training classes are conducted for all
employees.
9. Inspect all tools and equipment at frequent intervals and keep them in a
safe and serviceable condition.
10. Ensure that untrained employees are not permitted to operate any
mechanical or electrical equipment involved in hazardous operations.
11. Instruct all employees on the reporting of all accidents and the necessity of
receiving first aid treatment for all injuries.
12. Maintain a continuous program of on-the-job training and supervise all
unusually hazardous activities.
13. Develop and use safety checklists for all hazardous operations.
14. Notify the Safety AdmiRistratef Officer prior to the start of any extremely
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
hazardous operation.
15. Properly maintain all protective devices and safety equipment.
16. Ensure Verify with Human Resources that all employees are physically
qualified to perform their work.
17. Mark all areas prescribed as dangerous with warnings of the hazard
involved.
18. Ensure that as few persons as possible are permitted to enter hazardous
work areas.
19. Properly identify, label, handle and store toxic/hazardous materials.
20. Comply with the Monroe County Lockout/Tagout program where
applicable.
21. Ensure that Accident Investigation forms and instructions are in each
County vehicle.
E. Safety Administrator Officer
The Safety AdrAiRistratef Officer is delegated the responsibility by the County
Administrator to provide advice, guidance and any aid needed by management to
prevent accidents, including, but not limited to the following:
1. Provide technical guidance and direction to County personnel at all levels
of management in the implementation of the Monroe County Safety and Accident
Prevention Program.
2. Provide safety management training to Safety Representatives and
supervisors.
3. Consult with various departments on the design and use of equipment,
shops, and safety standards.
4. Assist in Inspection and evaluations of County facilities to detect existing or
potential hazards and recommend corrective or preventive measures.
5. Participate in the investigation of accidents and injuries and cooperate in
the preparation of materials and evidence for County use. as needed.
6. Provide management with statistical studies of accident data for use in
promoting accident and property damage prevention programs. This will be
coordinated with the Geunty Risk Manage . Safety Accident Review Board.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
7. Assure that adequate personal protective clothing and equipment is
available and is properly used by the persons requiring such items.
8. Coordinate safety problems with Risk Management, Workers Comp, and
other organizations including environmental health agencies.
9. Aid in establishing and monitoring safety related committees.
10. Monitor all safety inspections and surveys.
IabeF.
12. Aid in job placement of employees able to return to work after serious or
disabling injuries in compliance with the appropriate Administrative Instruction
13. Work with Supervisors to keep abreast of new developments in the field of
accident prevention, personal protective equipment, first aid equipment and
make such information available to all County departments.
F. Workers Compensation
1. The Workers Comp Manager will be responsible for monitoring and
coordinating requirements of the Florida Workers Compensation Law in regard to
personal injuries sustained by County employees in the performance of their
work assignments.
2. The Safety AdministFatef Officer will assist the Workers Comp Manager in
obtaining the necessary documents to provide the Servicing Agent with details
relating to job incurred injuries.
3. The Safety Adm+rater Officer will assist Workers Comp in deterring the
cost of accidents through initiating safety programs, accident prevention and loss
control.
G. Employees Responsibilities
Employees are required, as a condition of continued employment, to exercise due care
in the course of their work to prevent injuries to themselves, their fellow workers, and
the public and to conserve materials.
Employees will:
Report all unsafe conditions and acts to their Supervisors.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
2. Be individually responsible to keep themselves, fellow employees and
equipment free from mishaps.
3. Keep work and storage areas neat and orderly at all times.
4. Follow prescribed procedures during an emergency.
5. Be certain that instructions are completely understood before starting work.
6. Learn to lift and handle materials properly.
7. Avoid engaging in horseplay and/or distracting others in the work
environment.
8. Report immediately all injuries or property damage, no matter how minor,
to their Supervisor.
9. All E'''' pleyees must comply with the "Drug Free Workplace Policy"
10. Know how and where medical help maybe obtained.
11. Review the safety educational material posted on bulletin boards or
distributed to their work area.
12. Not damage or destroy any warning or safety device, or interfere in any
way with another employee's use of them.
13. Bring a doctor's release when returning to work after a work -related injury
or illness; such release must be submitted to the employees supervisors and
Workers Comp Section.
14. It should be noted that the Florida Workers Compensation Law, Section
440.0964 Florida Statutes, provides for a reduction of normal compensation by
twenty-five percent (25%) if an employee is injured as a result their willful refusal
to use a safety appliance or to observe a lawful safety rule. The "Lawful Safety
Rule" includes the requirements outlined in this policy, and all safety documents
referenced in this policy. Monroe County Drug -Free work place policy provides
that compensation will be not be paid for injuries sustained while under the
influence of drugs or alcohol.
15. Employees working at hazardous tasks will:
a. Obey all safety rules and follow published work instructions. If any doubt
exists about the safety of doing a task he will "STOP" and get instructions
from his/her Supervisor before continuing work.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
b. Operate only correct equipment for the task and handle it properly.
c. Wear required protective equipment when working in a hazardous
operations area. Dress safely and sensibly.
1.3 REPORTING REQUIREMENTS FOR INJURIES, ACCIDENTS, VEHICLE AND
PROPERTY DAMAGES
A. Purpose of Records
Records of accidents are essential for efficient and successful loss prevention, just as
records of production, costs, sales, and profits and losses are to a business. Records
supply the information necessary to transform haphazard, costly, ineffective loss
prevention into a planned program that controls the specific conditions and acts that
cause accidents.
To be effective, preventive measures must be based on complete and unbiased
knowledge of the causes of an accident. The primary purpose of an accident
investigation report is to get information, not to fix the blame. Since the completeness
and accuracy of the entire record system depends upon the information contained in
individual reports, every effort should be made to comply with the procedures
contained in this section.
B. Definitions
Accident: An unintended, unforeseen event which results in an injury to
personnel and/or damage to property or equipment.
Very Minor or First Aid Injury: An injury which does not result in loss of time
from the job beyond the work shift on which the injury occurred.
Disabling or Lost Time Injury: Any injury which results in lost time beyond the
shift on which the injury occurred.
Property Damage Incident: An accident or incident which produces damage or
loss to property, facilities, or equipment.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
County Furnished Motor Vehicle Accident: An accident resulting in damage
to a County furnished vehicle which requires repair or replacement and/or injury
to an employee.
Private Motor Vehicle Accident: An accident resulting in injury to an employee
while driving his/her privately owned vehicle within the scope of County
employment.
Fire: Any fire, regardless of extent or damage.
Class C AGG8dent OF Hazard Severity Category (Marginal). Mino
.
iRjury with less thaR a full day lost werk time or r--e—stsz lo�o.thnn $1,QQ()
Accident frequency of occurrence categories:
• Frequent = Multiple times per year.
• Probable = Expected to occur within one year.
• Occasional = Expected to occur within five years.
• Remote = Expected to occur within 10 years.
• Improbable = Unlikely to happen, but possible.
C. Forms (available in Safety forms folder in exchange)
1. First Report of Injury; Should be completed and faxed to Workers Comp
Section or Risk Management (if property damage) immediately.
2. Notice of Injury Form; This form will be used to report all County employee
injuries to the Workers Comp Section at the time of injury a copy must be faxed
to the Workers Comp Manager and the hard copy sent to Workers Comp.
3. Accident Investigation Report, (MC Frm-1); This form will be used by the
Supervisor to report accident causes and recommend corrective action even
when there is no injury. This form will be completed by the supervisor, sent to
the Department Head then to the Division Director for investigation and
corrective action recommendations.
4. Vehicle Accident Additional Information: This form shall be used in
conjunction with the Accident Investigation Form if a vehicle is involved in the
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
accident either County or private vehicle.
D. Procedures
Employee, if injured
a. Report injury to immediate Supervisor as soon as possible.
b. Obtain treatment at nearest Emergency Room if injury is severe.
c. If follow-up treatment is prescribed by the Emergency Room physician,
approval must be obtained from the MaRaged Care PFevide . Workers'
Compensation. All initial medical treatment must be authorized by the
Workers' Compensation after normal working
hours prior to any treatment.
d. Report in person, or by phone, to the Workers Comp Section when
returning to work after a lost time injury.
e. Follow instructions from the Workers Comp Section regarding medical
release to return to work.
2. Employee: if involved in a County furnished motor vehicle accident;
a. Stop immediately.
b. Obtain medical aid for injured persons.
c. Notify Law Enforcement and contact your Supervisor immediately and
advise them of the accident.
NOTE: MINOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS (without injuries) THAT OCCUR ON
COUNTY PROPERTY DOES NOT NEED A LAW ENFORCEMENT REPORT.
They must be reported to Risk Management.
d. Obtain names, addresses, and vehicle tag numbers from other drivers
and witnesses.
e. Prepare the Accident Investigation Report at the scene (refer closely to
instructions).
NOTE: All necessary forms and instructions are contained in the glove
compartment, or attached to the steering column of all County fumished
vehicles.
f. If the vehicle is no longer operable, the Supervisor should be made
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
aware of this fact and take appropriate action.
g. Submit completed Accident Investigation Report form to your immediate
Supervisor and coordinate with him/her to assure accuracy of the form.
h. Refer Accident Report form to the Risk Manager Management. If
injuries are involved, Supervisor/Department Director will call the Risk
Manage- Management.
i. Obtain FHP Accident Report
3. Employee, if involved in a property damage accident,
a. Secure the scene of the damage to prevent further damage or personal
injuries.
b. Notify your immediate Supervisor.
c. Obtain FHP Accident Report
4. Supervisor, in case of employee injuries
a. Call Workers Comp Office for the name of the physician to send the
employee or, if severe, send the injured employee to the nearest
Emergency Room for treatment. Ambulance service should be called for
seriously injured employees, or at employee's request. Notify the
the Workers' Compensation office immediately
if possible.
b. Investigate the circumstance and cause of the injury -producing
accident.
c. Complete Accident Investigation Report form and forward with the
Notice of Injury to the Employee BeRefitS SeGtien. Workers' Compensation.
d. All employee injury accidents regardless of how minor must be reported
to the Workers Comp Manager at the time of occurrence. Failure to report
a lost time injury timely could result in the County being assessed a fine of
$500.00 per day by the State. Any fines thus incurred would be borne by
the department concerned.
5. Notice Of Injury
Some sections of the DWC-1 Form, Notice of Injury, are constant and will be
preprinted by . Workers' Compensation.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
a. Complete FIRST NOTICE OF INJURY IN ITS ENTIRETY.
b. Submit the entire set -- (Division, Carrier, Employer) with the First
Report of Injury, and copy of Accident Investigation to Workers Comp and
FHP Accident Report.
c. The injured employee will receive a copy of the injury report from the
Workers' Compensation.
6. Accident Investigation Report
This report forms the basis for the accident investigation and is to be completed
personally by the Supervisor. It is important that this report be completed in its
entirety. The purpose of the accident investigation is to identify causes of the
accident and determine effective corrective actions for accident prevention. Any
report submitted without all necessary information will be returned to the
department for correction.
IF AN INJURY RESULTS IN DEATH, WORKERS COMP AND THE SAFETY
DEPARTIVIENTOFFICER (and the contracted Third Party Administrator) IS TO
BE CONTACTED IMMEDIATELY. THE LAW REQUIRES NOTIFICATION TO
THE STATE WITHIN TWENTY-FOUR (24) HOURS.
7. Supervisors, in case of employee motor vehicle accidents
a. Assure proper care of all injured persons.
b. Attempt to determine the cause of the accident.
c. Complete the Accident Investigation Report form and ensure accuracy
and completeness. Use the separate page provided for diagrams and
other additional information required in the instructions.
d. Insure that the forms are forwarded to
Workers' Compensation if injury is involved or to toe Risk Manama
Management for property damage only.
8. Supervisors, in case of property damage, theft, or vandalism
a. Attempt to determine the extent and cause of property damage.
b. Secure area to prevent further damage or injury.
c. Complete the Accident Investigation Report form and send it to toe Risk
Aa+maW. Management.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
d. Notify the proper law enforcement agency and the -Safety AdministFate-F
Officer and Risk Management as soon as the damage, theft or vandalism
has been discovered.
NOTE: Property damage includes wind, fire and Acts of God.
9. The Safety Administratef Officer Will
a. Assist in the Investigating_accidents involving severe injury or major
property damage and incidents which have a potential for severe injury or
property damage —as needed.
b. Provide assistance to Department Heads and Supervisors in their
accident investigations when requested by the responsible Department
Head.
c. Assist Risk Management and Employee BeRefits SeGtiG , Workers'
Compensation in investigations when requested.
d. Review accident reports received from Department Heads and
Supervisors for proper classification of causes and appropriate corrective
actions and initiate such further corrective actions as may be necessary.
e. Follow-up on action until resolved/closed.
f. Assist the SARB in compiling Cempile Safety statistical data from reports
en aR annual . for review at meetings.
1.4 SAFETY INSPECTIONS
A. Safety inspections of all facilities will be conducted annually by the Safety
AdmiRistratsF Fire Officers and UPA Division/Department Safety Representatives
B. Informal inspections will be accomplished at a frequency to assure that
hazards are kept to a minimum and safe work practices are enforced.
C. Announced formal inspections by State and Federal agencies will be
monitored by the Safety Administrate Officer.
D. All personnel will cooperate fully in inspections to ensure that all areas are
covered and hazards identified. Emphasis will be placed upon conditions of facilities,
equipment, vehicles, personal protective equipment, and machines as well as
implementation of the overall program including:
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
Good housekeeping
2. Use of prescribed protective equipment
3. Compliance with published safety regulations
4. Qualification of drivers and condition of vehicles
5. Proper maintenance of electrical equipment
6. Fire prevention procedures, fire extinguishers, first aid kits and emergency
lighting.
7. Proper condition of power and hand tools.
8. Proper guarding of powered equipment and machines.
E. The formal annual inspection reports will be kept on
file in . by the affected department. Lessons learned from completed
inspections will be made available to all departments listing deficiencies and
suggestions made for correction. Follow-up on corrective actions will be made as
needed by the department and kept on file in the office with a copy to the Safety
officer.
1.5 MONTHLY EMPLOYEE SAFETY MEETINGS
A. Monthly Safety Meetings are required for all employees and will be
documented in the Division/Department Safety Management book. Meetings should
be 10 to 30 minutes' duration, consisting of, at a minimum:
Past accident summary with preventative measures.
2. Safety training video or training from the required Safety Training List.
3. Review of newly identified hazards.
4. A timely off -the -job safety topic.
5. A discussion period.
B. The meetings will be monitored by the Supervisor though the meeting may
be headed by any member of a department or crew, it is the supervisors responsibility
to ensure the meetings' success. The un# Division/Department Safety Representative
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
will monitor the scheduling of employee Safety meetings and ensure all un#
employees are scheduled.
1.6 THE SAFETY COMMITTEE
The County Safety/Accident Review Board acts as the County wide safety committee.
Each department may have a safety committee to review safety concerns for their
specific work related hazard.
1.7 SAFETY TRAINING PROGRAMS
A. General
Employee training in job responsibilities, job operations, proper methods and
techniques to be used, and the hazards associated with their job are the most
important elements in achieving safe operations. Supervisors and Foremen will be
responsible for assuring that all newly assigned employees receive adequate training
to prepare them to perform their assigned tasks in a safe and efficient manner.
it is R;andatoFy that eaGh Each person serving in a supervisory capacity should be
trained, qualified and certified in CPR and in basic First Aid or scheduled for training
as soon as possible.
eeeded:
B. On-the-job Training
Will be accomplished by Supervisors and Foremen.
This training will include:
1. A review of pertinent sections of the Monroe County Safety Policies and
Procedures. Distribution of Safety Policies to all employees.
2. Emergency treatment of injuries (First Aid).
3. Prescribed safety clothing and equipment for the job.
4. How to report a fire, accident or serious injury.
5. Specific hazards associated with the job.
6. General hazards encountered in the work area and how to avoid them.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
After completion of initial training, obtain employee's signature on MC Form SAF-8,
Employee Safety and Health Record, documenting that they will observe safety rules
and procedures.
If an employee demonstrates, through accidents or by continuing unsafe acts, that
they do not understand the safety requirements of the job, the employee will be re -
instructed and personally counseled by his/her Supervisor and/or Department Head.
This action will not preclude the County from taking disciplinary action against the
employee for engaging in said unsafe acts. Retraining, counseling and disciplinary
actions will be documented on Monroe County Employee Notice Forms and placed in
the employee's personnel file.
C. Division/Department Safety Representative Training
The Safety Administrat&F Officer will train ensure that all Division and Department
Safety Representatives are aware of the requirements on the management of the
Division/Department Safety program as described in Part 11 Chapter 2 of this manual.
D. Specialized Training
Specialized training will be required from time to time for special operations and to
meet specific requirements of unique tasks or assignments. This training will be
documented on MC Form SAF-8 (Employee Safety and Health Record.) For all
hazardous operations, refresher Safety training will be accomplished annually.
These will include but are not limited to:
1. Special equipment for personnel who will be or may be transporting,
handling, storing, or exposed to toxic or corrosive chemicals.
2. High voltage or high current electrical work.
3. Transportation, handling and storage of volatile and flammable substances
and those designated as explosives.
4. Special operations i.e., airport, fire/rescue, etc.
5. Other very hazardous operations.
E. Supplemental Safety Training
Supplemental safety training and promotion of safety activities will be provided by the
Safety AdrninistFater Officer by use of visual aids, including safety films and/or slide
presentations, promotional literature, bulletins, booklets and other available media.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
Additional training programs will be designed and implemented as the need is
determined.
F. Defensive Driving Courses
A defensive driving program will be implemented as a means of reducing and
preventing vehicle accidents and will be made available to Monroe County personnel
who operate County vehicles. The class schedules will be set up by the TFaining
CeeFdiRator in GOGpeFatien with the Safety , Officer, Department Heads
and Supervisors.
1.8 SAFETY AWARDS & SUGGESTION PROGRAMS
A. Safety Awards
A safety awards program will be conducted threugh the safety OffiGe to assist
management in the promotion of safety activities and safety awareness among their
employees.
B. Safety Suggestions
Safety suggestions by individual employees will be processed through the Safety
Officer for consideration and adoption. Those accepted may receive awards and/or
letters of appreciation or commendation from the Board of County Commissioners or
County Administrator.
1.9 SAFETY ENFORCEMENT
Enforcement of the Safety Program is by far the most important element of the
program, however the most difficult to achieve. Routine and consistent enforcement of
the safety rules by supervisors is critical to reach the objectives of accident prevention.
Supervisors will be held responsible for enforcement of the Safety Program
When violations of policies directly related to the Safety and Accident Prevention
Program occur, corrective action will be immediate and positive. Disciplinary action
will be taken when any person causes injury to himself or others, destroys or damages
equipment, either by willfully violating work rules, disregarding instructions, or by a
demonstration of an attitude of indifference or defiance. Enforcement of Safety
policies and rules is required.
Supervisors and Department Heads have a wide latitude in determining the extent of
disciplinary action to be taken within their departments, including written reprimands,
warnings, suspension from duties for various periods of time and possible discharge
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
from County employment. Such actions will be consistent with established procedures
outlined in the Monroe County Personnel Policies and Procedures Manual.
1.10 COUNTY DRIVER PERMITS
A. Purpose
To register, authorize, and control all personnel required to drive County or personal
vehicles in the performance of their duties.
B. Qualifications for Issuance of Driver Permit
1. All personnel must hold a valid Florida Operators or Commercial Driver's
license.
2. All personnel must be sixteen (16) years of age or over.
3. An Operator's permit will be issued only to those who are required to
operate a County vehicle in the performance of their normal duties or to certain
part-time operators who are required on occasion to drive a County -owned
vehicle, or who drive their own personal vehicles on County business.
4. An operator's permit will be authorized by the Safety Office after
determination that the person meets the requirements of this manual and has in
their possession a valid Florida Driver's license.
5. All employees authorized to operate County vehicles must have in their
possession a County Vehicle Operator's Permit during operation of a County
vehicle. (On County ID Card)
6. Personnel operating County vehicles will authorize the County to obtain
any State, County and/or local public driving records pertaining to them.
7. An employee's right to operate a vehicle on County business shall be
denied or revoked at any time when they do not possess a valid State of Florida
Operator's or Commercial Driver's License, and may be denied or revoked when
their driver's record reflects one or more of the following conditions:
a. One (1) or more "Driving Under the Influence", refusing to take
intoxication test, or "Leaving the Scene of the Accident" conviction during
the last three (3) years.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
b. Two (2) moving violations during the last twelve (12) months.
c. Eight (8) or more points during the past twenty-four (24) months.
d. Medical evidence of alcoholism, drug abuse, or other physical
impairment significantly affecting the ability to drive safely.
8. A County Vehicle Operator's Permit may be denied or revoked based on
traffic violations demonstrating willful and wanton disregard of traffic rules.
Completion of the Defensive Driving course may be a prerequisite to the
issuance of an Operator's Permit for a marginal driving record.
9. All personnel must report to their supervisor any motor vehicle citations
received while operating County or personal vehicles (other than parking
violations), or suspension of their license within forty-eight (48) hours.
Supervisors are required to discuss the violation with the Safety Administrator to
determine the need of revocation of authorization to operate a County vehicle.
10. Any denial or revocation of County driving privileges may result in
termination of employment.
11. Before authorization is granted to operate County vehicles, employees
must complete and sign a "County Authorization Employee Driver's Affidavit".
12. To receive reimbursement for use of a personal vehicle, employees must
complete and sign a " ". "Travel
Reimbursement".
13. Any County vehicle transporting an infant, toddler, or child must provide
appropriate seating to comply with Florida Department of Motor Vehicle
regulations for transporting children.
C. Accident Guidelines
1. The rules for determining whether or not an accident should be charged
against a driver's or operator's record are based upon the Principles of defensive
driving. Defensive driving is of major importance as a means of preventing
accidents.
2. Each driver or operator involved in an accident contributes to it in a greater
or lesser degree and usually each failed to employ defensive driving techniques.
The other driver may be frank enough to admit that they were at fault. However,
this does not mean the County driver or operator is blameless as more than
likely they may be partly at fault. Likewise, the fact that the County
driver/operator did not get a traffic violation does not automatically make them
blameless. Just being involved calls for an accident review and a searching
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
analysis as to how the driver/operator was involved. The final finding, when
properly used, will help drivers, operators and management to avoid similar
accidents in the future.
D. Definitions
Reportable Accident: Any accident in which a County Vehicle or equipment is
involved where such accident results in death, personal injury or property damage. An
accident or incident is reportable regardless of who was hurt, what property was
damaged, and to what extent, where it occurred or who was responsible.
Preventable Accident: A preventable accident is one in which the driver/operator
failed to do everything they reasonably could have done to prevent it.
Defensive Driving: Defensive driving is driving to prevent accidents in spite of the
incorrect actions of others and/or any other adverse conditions.
1.11 MONROE COUNTY SAFETY/ACCIDENT REVIEW BOARD (MCS/ARB)
A. Purpose
InstructionThe Safety Accident Review Board's duties are outlined in the Administrative
neRts .. MGRF9e County..
PGliGy Of
!RSUFIR the safest possible werkplaGe fGF itS employees and to pFevide a safe
1-.1 --me,-it f6r the publiG that It serves. (See MGRFGe Geunty ...
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..
Air..
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
•_9WAIr. MMI.Tmd f1l 1^1
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C. Responsibilities of the Division/Department Safety Committee:
Each department may have a safety committee to review safety concerns for their
specific work related hazard.
1. Discuss and formulate division/department safety policies and recommend
their adoption.
2. Seek out unsafe conditions and practices and determine their remedies.
3. Make safety activities an integral part of the operation.
4. Improve the cooperative spirit between management and employees.
5. Share lessons learned between department safety programs.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
County employee Driver's Affidavit
I UNDERSTAND AND AGREE THAT: I must possess and retain a valid Florida Operator's or Commercial
Driver's License (as appropriate) in order to operate a County motor vehicle or to drive my personal vehicle on
County business.
I authorize the County to, at any time, obtain any State, County and/or local public driving records pertaining to
me.
My right to drive a vehicle on County business will be denied or revoked at any time when I do not possess a valid
State of Florida Operator's or Commercial Driver's License, and/or when my driving record reflects one or more
of the following conditions:
Class A Violation (Class A Accident or Hazard Severity Category (Catastrophic): Death, permanent
disability or costs over $300,000): An individual who has a Class A violation within the past three (3) years
normally receives a license suspension from the Department of Motor Vehicles. Monroe County calls for a
suspension of driving privileges for anyone convicted of a Class A violation for a period of (12) months.
Additionally, any of these individuals would also be required to attend an approved driver -improvement program.
a. Driving while intoxicated or related offense
b. Driving under the influence of drugs
C. Negligent homicide arising out of the use of a motor vehicle (gross negligence)
d. Operation during a period of suspension or revocation
e. Using a motor vehicle for the commission of a felony
f. Aggravated assault with a motor vehicle
g. Operation of a motor vehicle without owner's permission
h. Permitting an unlicensed person to drive
i. Hit and run
Class B Violation (Class B Accident or Hazard Severity Category (Critical): Severe injury, severe
occupational illness or costs between $100,000 and $300,000): An individual who has a combination of two (2)
class B moving violation convictions and/or chargeable accidents in a three (3) year period will be issued a
warning letter from the Safety Office. Any individual who has more than three (3) moving violation convictions
or three (3) chargeable accidents or any combination of more than three (3) of the formerly stated convictions in a
three (3) year period will be issued a suspension of driving privileges for a period of one (1) year. In addition the
individual will be required to complete an approved driver improvement program.
All moving violations with unusual circumstances not listed as Type A violations would be evaluated on a one-to-
one basis in individual cases including medical evidence of alcoholism, drug abuse, or other physical impairment
significantly affecting the ability to drive.
I must report any motor vehicle citations for violations received while operating my personal or County vehicle
(other than parking violations) or suspensions of my license, within forty-eight (48) hours of receipt of same.
Further, I understand failing to do so could result in revocation of my authorization to operate a County vehicle.
I understand that denial or revocation of my County driving privileges may result in the termination of my
employment.
I certify that the information listed below is valid at this time:
CURRENT STATE OF FLORIDA LICENSE NO.
NAME AS IT APPEARS ON LICENSE
ADDRESS AS IT APPEARS ON LICENSE
CITY AND ZIP CODE
CLASS: CODE: I LICENSE CLASS & RESTRICTION CODE
APPLICANT SIGNATURE
DATE
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 2
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SAFETY AND ACCIDENT
PREVENTION PROGRAM
2.1 INTRODUCTION 2
2.2 DIVISION/DEPARTMENT SAFETY PROGRAM
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
2 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SAFETY AND ACCIDENT
PREVENTION PROGRAM
2.1 INTRODUCTION
A. Purpose
The Monroe County Safety Policies and Procedures Manual prescribes "Safety
ground rules" for all County employees. It incorporates the minimum safety
requirements to follow for the avoidance of injury, loss of time from work, loss of
materials and property damage.
This manual also describes the structure and organization of the Monroe County
Safety and Accident Prevention Program. It provides details on how to set up
and manage each Division's or Department's Safety Program.
B. Scope
This manual applies to all County employees and other personnel under County
supervision or control for their compliance.
C. Background
Most people think of accidents as cuts, bruises, fractures, etc. They think that an
accident has occurred only when an injury has resulted. This thinking is wrong.
Accidents and injuries are not the same. An accident is a mishap and does not
have to result in injury to anyone or damage to anything. In some instances
accidents are warnings that more serious injuries or damages will occur if the
same unsafe conditions, work habits and practices continue to exist.
Heinrich's Theory has been proven to be accurate many times. For every
serious accident an organization experiences there are 29 minor (first aid)
accidents and 300 near misses that had the potential of being serious.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
D. Responsibility
The prevention of accidents is everyone's responsibility no matter what position
he or she occupies. Every employee is considered a member of Monroe County
Employees Safety program and must be constantly alert to reporting and
correcting unsafe conditions and actions. A part of everyone's job is to teach
safety to others. Not being safe seldom affects only one person. The innocent
as well as the person not being safe usually suffer.
E. Objectives
The main objectives of the Monroe County Safety Program are:
1. To provide a safe and healthful work environment.
2. To identify and eliminate hazards through inspections and personnel
awareness.
3. To avoid accidents through Rules & Training.
4. To reduce mishap frequency and severity.
5. To accomplish thorough investigations of mishaps to prevent
recurrence.
6. To minimize risk to the public.
F. Safety Principals
1. The definition of safety is: "Control of recognized hazards to attain an
acceptable level of risk". The first step is to identify the hazards. What you
don't know can hurt you! An effective inspection program is very important
in identifying physical hazards and hazards associated with work practices
and procedures.
2. What is an ACCIDENT: Falling bricks can answer that! The accident
is the falling brick!! 299 times out of 300 it won't cause a serious accident,
but if you don't identify the hazard and fix it you are counting on luck.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
3. Accident costs are much more than you think. The direct obvious
costs are just the tip of the iceberg. The average hidden costs are 3 to 7
times the direct costs. Actual costs can include the following:
• Medical compensation
• Hospital medical costs
• Property/equipment damages
• Equipment down time
• Lost efficiency replacement not proficient
• Investigation/report time (supervisor and others)
• Clerical time spent on accident
• Management time to review reports
• Scrap/rework
• Overtime premium
• Training new personnel
• Time paid to injured employee
• Other employees' time
• Costs associated with placing injured employee on light duty
• Insurance costs
• Public liability claims
• Costs of renting equipment
• Medical costs not covered by Workers Compensation insurance
ACCIDENT COM
all
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
A--2.2 Division Directors/Department Heads Support of the Safety Program
1. The Division Directors/Department Heads should appoint a DiViSiOR
Safety Representative. Also, each large Department and Section should
have a Safety representative appointed to equally share the workload
throughout the Division/Department. In this manual, Division, Department
and Section Safety Representatives are all referred to as Safety
Representatives. These safety representatives should be appointed
considering their retainability and knowledge of the
unit'sDivision/Department's operations and duties. These safety
representatives will form the DiViSOOR Safety Committee. A list of these
Safety representatives along with their assigned inspection responsibilities
should be sent to the County Safety Office —Officer
SAFETY STARTS
AT THE TOP
SAFETYINVOLVES
ALL EMPLOYEES
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
2. Accident notification procedures should be published and publicized
throughout the Divisiep, The State of Flerida Fequires all DepaFtn;ent&4j4
out the SAF-200 Log to be made available upon QSHA dRSPeGtmGR. on the
department's safety bulletin board.
3. The Division Director or Department Head should ensure that
corrective/preventative actions identified in accident investigations and
hazard reports are adequate and estimated completion dates are met to
the maximum extent possible.
4. The Division Director or Department Head should ensure that
required inspections are performed and reports completed on time.
5. The Division/Department Director should support an Off -the -Job
Safety program. See section 12-21
6. Required Safety Training should be scheduled and completed.
7. The Division/Department Director should review the status of his
safety program monthly with the Division/Department Safety
Representative (for high risk positions - - low risk are required twice a year)
8. Some form of recognition should be established for Divisiee
personnel who do an excellent job supporting the Safety program.
9. ARRual DivisiGR Safety goals/ebjeGfiVeS should be established and
pregress reviewed quarter! . Departments/Sections should be encouraged
to set objectives.
Inspections
Self Inspections
a. All Division/Department buildings and facilities should be
inspected annually sty the assigned safety representative. Each
building used by Monroe County employees should have an assigned
safety representative to do an annual inspection. Where more than
one Division/Department uses a building, the inspection responsibility
should be shared equally between the Divisions/Departments. This
responsibility should be agreed on by the Division/Department
Directors.
b. Annual inspection schedules will be developed by each
Division/Department. A copy of the schedule and inspection reports
will be sent to the County Safety Office.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
c. Inspection checklists should be developed using the "Monroe
County Safety Inspection Checklist" These checklists should be
customized to meet the requirements of each Division/Department.
Additional inspection items can be added to ensure comprehensive
inspections are accomplished. Safety program management
should be addressed. Inspection Reports should include
corrective/preventive actions, work order numbers (if applicable) and
estimated completion date. Follow-up actions should be
accomplished, documented and status reports forwarded to the
Division/Department Safety Representative when significant actions
have been completed.
2. Safety Administraters Inspections
a. The Safety Admin ate Officer should schedule and perform an
annual inspection of each County facility as needed. The Safety
Officer shall ensure that each building has a Safety Representative
for Inspection of each building. A copy of these inspection reports will
be forwarded to the respective Division/Department Director & Safety
Officer.
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C. Safety Representatives
Each SAFETY REPRESENTATIVE should be scheduled for training
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
by their County Safety AdministFator QffiGe.F Supervisor as soon as
possible after appointment. This includes detailed training on all major
areas of the Division/Department Safety Program and its management.
2. Safety representatives should attend the Safety training meetings
periodically scheduled by the County Safety AdMiRis#a Officer.
3. Division/Department accident reporting procedures should be
established and publicized.
4. Based on the s Division/Department's operations and hazards,
accident prevention information should be acquired/developed and
distributed to work centers/shops. Information and materials are available
Manual"in the Geunty Safety QffiGe and in the WenFoe County Safety PeliGies and
the Exchange/Web Site.
5. All employees should be briefed on actual County accidents, causes
and preventative actions. This infemnatiGn wall be furnished te the Safety
6. The Division/Department Safety Representative should maintain the
Division/Department Safety Management book and file. This book should
contain the following:
a. County and Division/Department Safety Policies
c. "Employee Safety and Health Record" (SAF-8) for each employee.
This form documents new employee safety training, job hazards,
mandatory annual training, specialized Safety training, Personal
Protective Equipment (PPE) issued and PPE provided in the work
area.
d. Annual inspection reports.
g. Monthly or bi-Annual Employee Safety Training documentation.
Brief summary of monthly Safety training with attendance sheets.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
h. FaGility inspeGtiOR GhGGklists Office Checklist.
TV Tow.
0-0
..rMINNOM
D. Facilities
1. All hazards should be placed on a Public Works Work Order and
monitored to ensure completion of work.
2. Adequate fire extinguishers should be available and have a current
annual inspection.
3. Flammable and hazardous materials should be identified, labeled and
properly stored.
4. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) should be available to all
employees where required.
5. Personal Protective Equipment should be available and used where
required.
6. No Smoking and Smoking areas should be designated. Smoking is
not permitted in any County Building or County vehicle.
E. Safety Training
1. Supervisors shall receive Safety training. This training is available
from the Safety Administratw.Officer. A briefing guide will be provided to
each safety representative and supervisor they should customize it for their
specialized training needs.
2. Problem drivers should be scheduled for the Defensive Driving
Course through the County TFaining Safety Office.
3. All employees should receive y Safety training on a regular
basis.
4. All training should be documented in the Division/Department Safety
Management book or file.
F. Vehicles
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
1. All vehicles should be kept in good operating condition. Inspection
depth and frequency should be adequate to ensure safety.
2. Vehicles should be operated safely. The backing of vehicles should
receive special attention and spotters used where needed.
3. Seatbelt use is mandatory. Spot checks should be made and
discrepancies corrected on the spot.
H. Bulletin Boards
1. All major work centers should have a Safety bulletin board containing
all mandatory item „
Eh.15)
2. Some Safety information should be changed at least monthly; e.g.,
On -the -Job Safety topic, Off -the -Job Safety topic, posters,
newspaper/magazine articles, etc.
1. Off -The -Job Safety
1. Off -the -Job Safety information should be provided to all employees
since most injuries nation-wide occur off the job. We are interested in the
well being of our employees all the time. They all have an important job.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
2. A timely topic should be covered monthly. The Safety AdministFatof
will provide monthly Off -the jeb Safety infGFMatiGR tG Safet!f
Videos
are available with the Human Resource Office.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 3
SAFETY PROGRAM ELEMENTS DESCRIPTION
3.1 HAZARD REPORTING .................................... 2
3.2 SAFETY BULLETIN BOARDS .......................... 2
3.3 SAFETY INSPECTIONS .................................. 3
3.4 HAZARD REDUCTION PROGRAM .................... 4
3.5 NON -SUPERVISORY PERSONNEL TRAINING ... 4
3.6 INVESTIGATION AND REPORTING MISHAPS ... 6
3.7 SUPERVISOR SAFETY TRAINING .................... 7
3.8 SAFETY REPRESENTATIVE ............................ 7
3.9 DIVISION/DEPARTMENT SAFETY MANAGEMENT BOOKS .......8
3.10 CROSS TELLS AND COMMUNIQUES ................ 8
3.11 JOB SAFETY TRAINING OUTLINE ..................... 8
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
SAFETY PROGRAM ELEMENT DESCRIPTIONS
3.1 HAZARD REPORTING
Purpose:
Mishap Accident prevention depends upon early identification, reporting, and
correction of hazards. Hazards may be defined as any existing or potential
conditions, acts, or procedures that can result in accidents (mishaps). A hazard
may be reported by anyone.
Hazards must be reported and corrected at the lowest possible level. They
should be reported to the supervisor so that u+ts Division/Department can
immediately begin corrective actions. If the hazard can be eliminated on the
spot, no further action need be taken. Units Division/Department's should make
every effort to correct the hazard "in-house". Hazard reports that cannot be
corrected within the up# Division/Department must be sent outside if not
available in-house.
if-appiioable.
Hazard reports are investigated by the unit-Division/Department Safety
Representative. The originator will be notified of the results of the investigation
and the corrective actions taken or planned to eliminate or abate a validated
hazard. The originator will be notified when final and closing actions have been
completed.
3.2 SAFETY BULLETIN BOARDS
A. Purpose
Safety bulletin boards are required in all major work areas for posting mishap
accident prevention and other safety related information.
B. Posting Information
At a minimum, they must include:
• Emergency phone numbers
• Fire Evacuation Plan
• Fire Evacuation Procedure
• Hazardous Materials (Right to Know) Poster
• County Safety/Loss Control Policy Statement
• CPR/First Aid trained personnel List and their location
• Location of First Aid Kits and medical equipment
• Location of nearest medical treatment facility
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
• Safety personnel names and phone numbers
• Hazard Report Forms, Monroe County Form SAF-2 and instructions
• Off -the -Job Safety topic
• Job Safety topic (changed at least monthly)
• Accident reporting procedures
• Safety suggestions/Safety hotline information
• Safety Awards information and pictures
• Other timely and applicable Safety information; e.g., newspaper/magazine
clippings, Safety posters, Division/Department Safety Policy, Division Safety
program status, accident summaries, etc.
• Innovative ideas are encouraged to heighten Safety awareness
3.3 SAFETY INSPECTIONS
A. Annual and spot inspections
This is a management tool to aid each Division/Department Director in
determining if mishap accident prevention program elements are being followed
or met. ln6PeGtiGR GheGkIist.
B. Self Inspection
Aral Ins{ This is the Safety Representative's chance to assure the
program elements are being met. Inspections should be
done on a regular basis.
C. Safety Administrators Office Inspections
ARnual Regular inspections are conducted to ensure compliance with safety
standards, identify hazards, and to determine each enit's Division/Department's
effectiveness and participation in the Monroe County Safety and Accident
Prevention Program. The County Safety Officer will inspect all program
elements of each Division/ Department Safety Program. Units will be notified by
It is each uf+t Safety
representative's responsibility to coordinate and confirm new inspection dates
with the County Safety Officer.
D. Spot Inspections
These -Spot inspections are unscheduled inspections and are conducted
periodically. They are generally informal, without notice, and are limited to a
single activity or subject of interest. These inspections will be documented to
identify problem areas or trends. Supervisors are responsible to conduct
periodic self -inspections for hazards or deficiencies.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
3.4 HAZARD REDUCTION PROGRAM
The primary purpose of the Hazard Reduction Program is to prioritize hazards
and monitor reduction actions. Hazards identified by fire, safety, and health
inspections must be assigned a Hazard Classification Code (HCC).
A. The Safety Representative is responsible for tracking uncorrected
hazards.
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3.5 NON -SUPERVISORY PERSONNEL TRAINING
A. Supervisors are key people in the Safety program. They are directly
responsible for providing a safe and healthful environment. Supervisors must
know the occupational, safety, and health requirements for their work areas and
must enforce compliance.
B. Training is the method for a supervisor to ensure the new worker will be
a safe worker. New employees form attitudes about the job, the supervisor, and
other workers quickly. This attitude greatly affects the way a new worker will
perform. A worker with a poor attitude is also the same worker who will take the
short cut, perform an unsafe act, or fail to correctly perform a task.
C. Training is also required when there is a change in equipment,
procedures, processes, or safety, fire, and health requirements. This training
must be of sufficient length and depth to make sure the individuals know:
The hazard(s) of the job task to be performed.
2. Hazards of the work area.
3. Occupational safety and health standards of guidance that apply to
their job and workplace.
4. Personal protective equipment they will need and how, when, and
where to use it.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
5. Location and use of emergency and fire protection equipment.
6. Emergency procedures that apply to their job and work place.
7. Reporting unsafe equipment, conditions or procedures to supervisor
immediately.
8. Location and submitting procedures for Hazard Reports.
9. Accident (mishap) reporting procedures.
10. Emergency telephone numbers.
11. Location and required review of appropriate safety bulletin boards.
12. Location of medical facilities and procedures for obtaining treatment.
13. Requirements for documentation and notification of on-the-job injury
or illness.
14. Individual responsibilities for insuring own safety.
15. Required use of safety belts.
16. Personnel rights.
D. To ensure proper training is accomplished the supervisor should
establish a job safety training outline. This ensures complete and uniform
training of newly assigned personnel.
E. Non -supervisory personnel training must be documented for all
employees. The Division/Department Safety Management Book will be used to
document all Safety training.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
3.6 INVESTIGATION AND REPORTING MISHAPS
A. Mishaps s Accidents involving County property and/or personnel are
investigated to:
Identify cause(s)
2. Recommend appropriate corrective action(s)
3. Prevent recurrence.
Mishaps Accidents are reported to provide Directors and Supervisors at all
levels with uniform, accurate, and complete mishap data to support their
Safety efforts. All mishaps accidents should be'and repe
reported and investigated The eXteRt Of the and FePE)FtiRg
(GhapteF 5) mishap
aRvest+gat+e The Monroe County Accident Investigation Form will be
completed on all mishaps. accidents The First Report of Injury will be
completed and forwarded to Workers Comp or Risk Management within 24
hours of the accident. The complete form should be submitted within five
(5) working days. Notify the Safety Officer for investigation
assistance on all major accidents.
B. Mishap Accident Notification Procedure
W s Accidents Are defined As:
a. Injury to County personnel.
b. Damage to County property including equipment, buildings, or
vehicles. Injury or damage to non -County persons or property as a
result of County operations.
c. Immediate notification of a serious mishap accident is critical.
Accident sites contain valuable information necessary for accurate
investigation and the formulation of corrective actions. If the Safety
Representative is not notified promptly, so they can respond, this
information can be destroyed and proper corrective action cannot be
determined. Therefore, it is critical that safety personnel be notified
ASAP.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
2. Accident notification procedures are established to ensure prompt
and accurate notification of eishataccidents. Your-U44+t
Division/Department's procedures must include instructions for reporting:
a. Injury to County employees.
b. Damage to County property (vehicles, equipment, buildings, etc.)
c. Injury/damage to non -County employees/property as a result of
County operations.
Unit 3Procedures must include positions/telephone numbers of key
personnel who will be notified in the event of an accident, and who wig
The
notification procedures must be posted on your safety bulletin boards and
publicized to ensure personnel at all levels are familiar with
reporting/notification requirements.
3.7 SUPERVISOR SAFETY TRAINING
Supervisors are key people in the Safety program since they are directly
responsible for safe and healthful environments in their areas. This training
course is designed to give supervisors a basic working knowledge of their
responsibilities for providing and maintaining a safe and healthful work
environment. It also provides supervisors necessary tools for recognition,
reporting, and elimination of hazards, employee safety briefings, employee
motivation, mishap investigation, and other skills required to implement the
Safety program. Attendees are personnel who occupy supervisory positions,
and any supervisor who demonstrates a lack of Safety knowledge or initiative.
3.8 SAFETY REPRESENTATIVE
A. Responsibility:
To inform the Division/Department Director of his urQivision/Department's
Safety posture.
B. Enhance Effectiveness of Safety Program
Safety representatives must continuously look for ways to enhance their it's
Division/Department's effectiveness. Some alternatives are safety meetings,
briefings and programs geared to the unit Division/Department and conducted by
the safety representative. It is a safety representative's responsibility to assure
the Division Director and Department Heads are thoroughly aware of the
invitation to participate in safety related activities.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
C. Briefings
It is also the safety representative's duty and responsibility to brief the
Division/Department Director y on all program elements and record these
meetings in the U-a+t Division/Department Safety Management Book.
3.9 DIVISION/DEPARTMENT SAFETY MANAGEMENT BOOKS
These books are a one -source document that covers all program elements and
indicates to each Division/Department Director the status of his
Division/Department's Safety program. It also is a repository for correspondence
and documents pertinent to program success. Safety Representatives must
brief the Division/Department Director monthly to assure continuity of all program
elements. It's each safety representative's responsibility to maintain the
Division/Department Safety Management Book in accordance with this Manual.
3.11 JOB SAFETY TRAINING OUTLINES
Job Safety, Fire Prevention and Occupational Health training must be given by
supervisors to each newly assigned worker and each worker who has not
previously received this training. Additional training is only given if required by a
change in assignment, equipment, procedure, processes, or standards. This
training will be documented on SAF-8.
The following outline contains minimum job training requirements. This outline
should be supplemented by additional information to meet standards which are
to a specific operation.
1. Hazards of the Job for office areas
Filing cabinets
a. Close all drawers after use.
b. Are drawers operating properly and stops installed?
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
c. Overloading tip filing drawers (tipping over).
d. Location (easy access, not blocking aisles or exits).
2. Desks
a. Close all drawers after use.
b. Protruding edges (corners) for desk coverings (glass, plastic, etc.)
3. Computer/Typewriters
a. Proper positioning when typing.
b. Insure all office equipment is serviceable (i.e., three prong
electrical plugs).
4. Paper cutters
2. Hazards of the Work Area
1. Noise
2. Stairs/Steps
3. Electrical
4. Handrails
5. Ventilation
6. Floors (tripping or slipping hazards)
7. Lighting
8. Parking lots
3. Work Specific Safety Guidelines
1. The workplace is required to have an evacuation plan posted for
quick exiting for fire and bomb threat.
2. Floors should be kept in a condition to prevent slips/trips and falls.
4. Personal Protective Equipment
1. Consult applicable manuals, technical orders and OSHA Regulations.
2. If a determination or assistance is required call the Safety
Administrate . Officer.
5. Location and Use of Emergency Equipment
1. Location of electrical equipment shut-off switches.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
2. Location of fire extinguishers.
3. Evacuation plans.
6. Emergency Procedures That Apply to The Job and Workplace
1. Emergency medical aid and fire department assistance will be
obtained as the situation dictates. The phone number of these services is
911. (dial a "9" first) ...... 9-911. Monroe County Government phone system
does not coordinate with the enhanced 911 system (your address will not
show up on the dispatcher's computer.)
2. Building evacuation procedures and location of fire alarms.
3. Other as needed such as CPR, First Aid kit, etc.
7. Reporting Unsafe Equipment, Conditions or Procedures to you
Supervisor
1. Report all unsafe equipment, conditions, or procedures in your area
to your supervisor.
2. Explain Lock Out/Tag Out program.
9. Accident Reporting Procedures
1. The immediate supervisor will be notified as soon as possible after
the occurrence of any job related injury or illness.
2. The immediate supervisor will notify the UR4t Division/Department
Safety Representative. The URit Division/Department Safety
Representative fer eur ueit is
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
3. The Supervisor will complete an Accident Investigation First Report
and forward within 24 hours of the accident.
10. Location of Safety Bulletin Board
Each safety bulletin board will be reviewed weekly -Monthly.
2. Safety bulletin board is located
3. Safety bulletin board monitor is
11. Location of Medical Facilities
Identify location of nearest medical facility (Emergency Room).
12. Documentation and Notification of on the Job Injuries or Illness
Supervisor should know the appropriate forms to initiate when a County
employee is injured on the job.
1. A Notice of Injuries Form DWC-1, must be completed and forwarded
to the County Safety office through the Empleyee Benefits Workers
Compensation Section for personal injury on the job.
2. Form SAF-1, Accident Investigation Report, will be completed by the
supervisor and forwarded to County Safety office through the Employee
Benefits SeGtien Workers Compensation for all injuries.
14. Individual Responsibilities for Ensuring Own Safety
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
The ultimate responsibility for Safety rests with the individual.
2. Individual must comply with established Division/Department Safety
directives and procedures and the Monroe County Safety Policies and
Procedures.
15. Required Use of Seatbelts
1. Seatbelt use is mandatory for all employees whenever operating or
riding any motor vehicle.
2. A County motor vehicle will not be put into motion without the driver
and passengers fastening their seat belts.
16. Personnel Rights
1. Under the . ;et feFth by the QGGUpatieRal Safety and Health
program Each employee has the right to a safe and healthful work
environment.l�
17. Manual Lifting Training
1. Supervisor must provide manual lifting training at least annually
employees.
2. Personnel receive initial lifting training as soon as possible or within
30 days of assignment.
3. Supervisor will develop a lesson plan to conduct manual lifting
training, and supplement with a training video available through the County
Safety office.
4. Training will be documented in the Division/Department Safety
Management Book.
5. The Safety Accident Review Board has recommended that all County
employees that lift heavy objects regularly may voluntarily w
support (back belt).
18. Community Right -to Know Law: Your employer must:
Inform you of the listed toxic substances in your workp
2. Make available upon your written request a form called a "Material
Safety Data Sheet" which explains the proper ties and hazards of each
listed toxic substance to which you are, have been, or may be exposed in
3-12
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
your workplace.
3. Provide instruction, within the first 30 days of employment and at
least annually thereafter, on the adverse health effects of each listed toxic
substance with which you work in your workplace, how to use each of
these substances safely, and what to do in case of an emergency; and
4. Notify the local fire department of the characteristics and location of each
listed toxic substance regularly present in the workplace.
3-13
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
r
EMPLOYEE SAFETY AND HEALTH RECORD3s�
1. Name:
2. Division/Dept./Section 3. Supervisor
4. Job Title I Date Assi -1
6. Hazards associated with present job ( Hazardous Tasks):
NEW EMPLOYEE SAFETY TRAINING
to all employees by supervisor
SPECIALIZED SAFETY
TRAINING
EMPL.
INIT,
DATE
sup_
INM
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT ISSUED
IVO
1. Hazards of the job or tasks and
safety procedures to be followed.
(Cover all assigned
hazardous tasks)
1. Approved Eye Protection
2. Head Protection
2. Hazards of the work areas.
1. 12 inch disk chipper
3. Hearing Protection
3. OSHA Standards, purpose,
location and description.
2. Drum chipping
machine
4. Hand Protection
5. Respiratory Protection
4. Personal Protective Equipment
how, when, and where to use it.
3. Stump Grinder
6. Foot Protection
4. Dump Truck
7. Others (list)
5. Location and use of emergency
and fire protection equipment.
5. Chain Saw
Back Protection (Voluntary)
6. Tree Trimming
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT ISSUED
6. Emergency procedures that apply
to their job and work place.
7. Fleet Management
8. Lockout/ta out
7. Reporting unsafe equipment,
conditions or procedures to
supervisor immediately.
9. Confined Space
Other:
8. Location, submitting procedures,
and purpose of hazard reporting
9. Accident reporting rocedures.
10. Location of Safety Bulletin Board
11. Location of nearest medical
facilities and procedures for obtaining
treatment.
12. Documentation and notification of
on the job illness or injury.
PERSONAL PROTECTION IN
WORK AREA
13. Requirement for notice of hazard.
1. Approved Eye Protection
14. Individual's responsibilities for
ensuring own safety.
2. Head Protection
3. Hearing Protection
15. Required use of seatbelts
4. Hand Protection
16. Each employee has the right to a
safe and healthful working
environment.
5. Respiratoa. Protection
6. Foot Protection
7. Others (List)
17. Manual Lifting Training
18. Florida Right -to -Know law (haz-
mat)
19. Others. list
Hazwopper
Supervisors Signature:
REMARKS, NOTES AND ADDITIONAL TRAINING
Employee Signature Date
ivwvry i r r%imm 3nr -- a.-) jury /-w3 -- r. wnuon -- �wecuon s -i i of the Monroe County Satety Policies and Procedures
3-14
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 4
JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS (JSA)
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 SELECT THE JOB
K
2
4.3 IDENTIFY HAZARDS AND POTENTIAL ACCIDENTS 3
4.4 DEVELOP SOLUTIONS
4
4.5 BENEFITS OF A JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS (JSA) 6
4.6 DAILY BRIEFING GUIDE AND OPERATOR'S CHECKLIST 6
4.7 SAFETY PROGRAM 6
41
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS (JSA)
4.1 INTRODUCTION
A job is a sequence of separate steps or activities that, when put together,
accomplish a work goal. Identifying hazards and stressing safe procedures are
part of job safety analysis and should be one of the first steps taken where there
is a possibility of injury to the worker.
Here are the steps to follow when analyzing a job.
4.2 SELECT THE JOB
Jobs suitable for a job safety analysis (JSA) are those assignments that a line
supervisor may make. Operating a machine, tapping a furnace, or piling
warehouse goods are all subjects for JSA. They are neither too broad nor too
narrow.
Jobs should not be selected at random, those with the worst accident experience
should be analyzed first if JSA is to yield the quickest possible return.
A. Break The Job Down
Before the search for hazards begins, a job should be broken down into a
sequence of steps, each describing what is being done. Avoid the two common
errors: (a) making the breakdown so detailed that an unnecessarily large number
of steps results, or (b) making the job breakdown so general, that basic steps are
not recorded.
The technique of making a job safety analysis involves these steps:
Selecting the right person to observe.
2. Briefing him on the purpose.
3. Observing him perform the job, and trying to break it into basic steps.
4. Recording each step in the breakdown.
5. Checking the breakdown with the employee who was observed.
Select the employee who is experienced, capable, cooperative, and willing to
share ideas. This person will be easy to work with.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
If the employee has never helped on a job safety analysis, explain the purpose;
to make a job safe by identifying hazards and eliminating or controlling them and
show the employee a completed JSA. Reassure the employee that it is the job,
and not the person that is being studied, and that the selection was based on
experience and capability alone.
To determine the basic job steps, ask "What step starts the job?" Then, "What is
the next basic step?" and so on.
To record the breakdown, number the job steps consecutively as illustrated in
the first column of the JSA training guide, illustrated. Each step tells what is
done, not how.
The wording for each step should begin with an "action" word, like "remove"
"open", or "weld". The action is completed by naming the item to which the
action applies.
In checking the breakdown with the worker who was observed, the supervisor
should obtain his agreement about what is done and the order of the steps. The
supervisor should thank the person for his cooperation.
4.3 IDENTIFY HAZARDS AND POTENTIAL ACCIDENTS
A. Begin the search for hazards
Before filling in the next two columns of the JSA-Potential Accidents or Hazards
and Recommended Safe Job Procedure. The purpose is to identify all hazards
both those produced by the environment and those connected with the job
procedure. Each step, and thus the entire job, must be made safer and more
efficient. To do this, consider these questions about each step:
1. Is there a danger of striking against, being struck by, or otherwise
making injurious contact with an object?
2. Can the person be caught in, on, or between objects?
3. Can he slip or trip? Can he fall on the same level or to another?
4. Can he strain himself by pushing, pulling, or lifting?
5. Is the environment hazardous (toxic gas, vapor, mist, fume, or dust,
slippery floor, heat, or radiation)?
B. Close observation and job knowledge are required.
4-3
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
1. Employees should repeat the job observation as often as necessary
until all hazards and potential accidents have been identified.
2. Include hazards that might result. Record the type of accident and
the agent involved. To note that an employee might injure a foot by
dropping a fire extinguisher, for example, write down "struck by
extinguisher".
3. Again check with the observed employee after the hazards and
potential accidents have been recorded. The experienced employee will
probably suggest additional ideas. You should also check with others who
are experienced with the job. Through observation and discussion, you will
develop a reliable list of hazards and potential accidents.
4.4 DEVELOP SOLUTIONS
Develop a recommended safe job procedure to prevent occurrence of potential
accidents. The principal solutions are:
A. Find a new way to do the job.
To find an entirely new way to do a job, determine the work goal of the job, and
then analyze the various ways of reaching this goal to see which way is safest.
Consider work -saving tools and equipment.
B. Change the physical conditions that create the hazards.
1. If a new way cannot be found, then ask this question about each
hazard and potential accident listed: "What change in physical condition
(such as change in tools, materials, equipment, or location) will eliminate
the hazard or prevent the accident?"
2. When a change is found, study it carefully to find what other benefits
(such as greater production or time saving) will accrue. These benefits
should be pointed out when proposing the change to higher management.
They make good selling points.
C. To eliminate hazards still present, change the job procedure.
1. The third step in solving the job -hazard problem is to investigate
changes in the job procedure. Ask of each hazard and potential accident
listed: "What should the worker do, or not do, to eliminate this particular
hazard or prevent this potential accident?" Where appropriate, ask an
additional question, "How should he do it?" In most cases, these questions
can be answered from your own experience.
4-4
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
2. Answers must be specific and concrete if new procedures are to be
any good. General precautions "be alert", "use caution", or "be careful" are
useless. Answers should precisely state what to do and how to do it. This
recommendation "Make certain the wrench does not slip or cause loss of
balance" is only "half good". It does not tell how to prevent the wrench
from slipping.
3. In contrast, is an example of a good recommended safe procedure
that tells both "what" and "how": "Set wrench securely. Test its grip by
exerting a slight pressure on it. Brace yourself against something
immovable, or take a solid stance with feet wide apart, before exerting full
pressure. This prevents loss of balance if the wrench slips."
4. Often a repair or service job has to be repeated frequently because a
condition needs correction again and again. To reduce the necessity of
such a repetitive job, ask "What can be done to eliminate the cause of the
condition that makes excessive repairs or service necessary?" If the cause
cannot be eliminated, then ask "Can anything be done to minimize the
effects of the condition?"
5. Machine parts, for example, may wear out quickly and require
frequent replacement. Study of the problem may reveal excessive
vibration. After reducing or eliminating the vibration, the machine parts last
longer and require less maintenance.
D. Try to reduce the necessity of doing a job.
Try to reduce the necessity of doing a job or at least the frequency that it must
be performed. This is particularly helpful in maintenance.
1. This fourth step, reducing frequency of a job, contributes to safety
only in that it limits the exposure. Every effort still should be made to
eliminate hazards and to prevent potential accidents through changing
physical conditions or revising job procedures or both.
2. Finally, check or test the proposed changes by re -observing the job
and discussing the changes with the men who do the job. Their ideas
about the hazards and proposed solutions may be of considerable value.
They can judge the practicality of proposed changes and perhaps suggest
improvements. Actually these discussions are more than just a way to
check a JSA. They are safety contacts that promote awareness of job
hazards and safe procedures.
4.5 BENEFITS OF A JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS (JSA)
4-5
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
A. Give individual training in safe, efficient procedures
B. Make employee safety contacts
C. Instruct the new personnel (Use JSA for initial training)
D. Prepare for planned safety observations
E. Review job procedures after accidents occur
F. Study jobs for possible improvement in job methods
G. Identify hazards and necessary personal protection equipment
H. Provide information necessary to develop job safety briefing guide
4.6 DAILY BRIEFING GUIDE AND OPERATOR'S CHECKLIST
A. Job Safety Daily Briefing
For each JSA an accompanying Job Safety Daily Briefing Guide should be
developed. This briefing guide will be used by the supervisor to brief hazards,
proper procedures and required protective equipment to employees prior to
starting a job. (See sample -*R this SeGtien.)
B. Operators Checklist
An Operator's Checklist can be written to ensure proper procedures are followed.
This will protect personnel and equipment. This checklist can be placed right on
the equipment for daily use and an abbreviated checklist can be made wallet
size for each operator. (See 6aMple6 iR thiS Se fie:;)
4.7 SAFETY PROGRAM
Copies of each completed JSA along with the Job Safety Daily Briefing Guide
should be sent to the Safety/ office for review and comment. Each
JSA on a critical task should be reviewed annually to verify currency.
4-6
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS o,,
*"� 1� ai
CHAPTER 5
HAZARD CLASSIFICATION CODES (HCC)
5.1 INTRODUCTION 2
5.2 HAZARD/RISK ASSESSMENT SYSTEM 2
CLASS A
CLASS C
CLASS B
CLASS D
5-1
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL OW
5 HAZARD CLASSIFICATION CODES (HCC) '
5.1 INTRODUCTION
A. Purpose
Hazard classification codes will be used to categorize each hazard as to severity
and expected frequency of occurrence. The risk of injury and property damage
must be assessed for hazards to assist in determining the priority of corrective
actions. All risk cannot be eliminated due to very limited resources, so this
Hazard/Risk assessment system becomes very important in identifying high risk
hazards that deserve priority. Without this system all hazards appear similar
unless time consuming research into the details of the situation is accomplished.
This system allows priorities to be assigned very quickly.
B. Scope
HCCs will be assigned to all identified hazards by trained personnel. Every
accident obviously has an associated hazard which must be classified. Each
corrective action identified should reduce the severity and/or frequency and will
be assigned a new HCC. A cost benefit assessment can be done for each level
of corrective action (see Hazard Worksheet, Form SAF-4) to determine the best
action to take and when.
C. Training
All safety representatives and supervisors should be trained on this system. The
Safety Administrator will train all safety representatives and supervisors
5.2 HAZARD/RISK ASSESSMENT SYSTEM
Each hazard is first assessed for severity. This assessment should answer the
question: "What is the worst credible accident that could possibly be caused by
this hazard?"
A. Hazard severity categories:
1. CATASTROPHIC: Death, severe permanent disability, complete loss
of a facility, or costs over $300,000.00.
2. CRITICAL: Severe injury, severe occupational illness, or costs
between $100, 000.00 and $300, 000.00.
3_ MARGINAL: Minor injury, minor occupational illness with lost work
5-2
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
time of at least one day, or costs between $1,000.00 and $100,000.00.
4. NEGLIGIBLE: Very minor injury with less than a day lost work time,
or costs less than $1,000,00. of ir
B. Frequency Category 141A
Frequency categories are determined based on previous or similar mishap data
when available. When supporting data is not available an estimate will be made
based on detailed knowledge of the hazard and experience. These estimates
will not be inflated. Overstating the case would undermine the effectiveness of
the system and should be avoided. The most important step is identifying the
hazard and then the HCC can be used as a tool to help prioritize corrective
actions. There are five (5) frequency of occurrence categories:
1 Frequent: Expected to occur multiple times per year.
2 Probable: Expected to occur within one year.
3 Occasional: Expected to occur within five years.
4 Remote: Expected to occur within ten years.
5 Improbable: Unlikely to occur but possible.
C. Classes
HCCs are grouped into four (4) classes. These classes quantify risk and should
be assigned priority according to the risk involved.
1. High Risk: A3, B2, C1 and above (includes A1, A2 and 61)
2. Moderate: A4, B3, C2 and D1
3. Low Risk: B4, C3 and D2
4. Very Low Risk: A5, B5, C4, C5, D3, D4 and D5
Even though very low risks will probably not receive priority for resources,
corrective actions should be accomplished as resources permit.
5-3
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
HAZARD / RISK ASSESSMENT MATRIX
*
HARZARD SEVERITY CATEGORIE?TW-..&
* FREQUENCY
CATASTROPHIC CRITICAL
%fARGINAL N
AGIBLI.
OF OCCL.�RRENCF
' A
' B
C i
D
FREQUENT
I
Al
BZ
C1
DI
MULTIPLE TMIES
PER YEAR
PROBABLE
2
A2
B2
C2
D2
WITIiIN ONE. YEAR
OCCASIONAL
3
A3
B3
C3
D3
WITHIN 5 YEARS
REMOTE
4 1 A4 B4 C4 D4
WITHIN 10 YEARS
IMPROBABLE
5 A5 B5 C5 Il5
UNLIKELY TO
HAPPEN
* Hazard Severity Categories provide a qualitative measure of the worst credible
mishap (accident) possible.
** Frequency is based on analysis of the hazard and previous or similar mishap
data when available.
HAZARD SEVERITY CATEGORIES
(A) CATASTROPHIC - Death, permanent disability, complete loss of facility, or costs over
$300,000.00.
(B) CRITICAL - Severe injury, severe occupational illness, or costs up to $300,000.00.
(C) MARGINAL - Minor injury, minor occupational illness with lost work time (8 hours or
more), or costs up to $ 100,000.00.
(D) NEGLIGIBLE - Very minor injury with less than a day lost work time or costs less than
$1,000, 00.
HAZARD CLASSES
HIGH MODERATE LOW VERY LOW
RISK RISK j RISK RISK 4
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
D. Corrective Action Levels
1. Level 1: Completely eliminate the hazard, e.g. tear down the old
building and build a new one, buy a new vehicle, engineer a new design, or
change/eliminate procedure or task. This level of corrective action is
expensive, takes time and must be supplemented in the interim with other
levels of corrective actions. Submit a work order to Public Works to fix a
physical hazard.
2. Level 2: Make a temporary patch to strengthen a structure, add
safety inter -locks, or guards, etc. This level also costs money and takes
time. Submit a work order as in level 1.
3. Level 3: Post warning signs, barricades, "Notice of Hazard" form;
lockout/tagout hazardous equipment, use personal protective equipment,
etc.
4 Level 4: Brief personnel on the hazard; add to safety briefing check-
list, etc. This level of action is required for all hazards.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 6
ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
6.1 INTRODUCTION 2
6.2 PURPOSE 2
6.3 WHO INVESTIGATES 2
6.4 INVESTIGATION PROCESS 2
6.5 CAUSAL FACTORS AND POSSIBLE CORRECTIVE ACTIONS 5
6.6 DETERMINING PREVENTABILITY OF VEHICLE ACCIDENTS 9
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
6. ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
6.1 INTRODUCTION
Accident: An unplanned event that interrupts the completion of an activity.
6.2 PURPOSE
All accidents, no matter how minor, should be reported. Even if there was no
property damage or injury, a near miss that had the potential for a serious
accident should be reported. This does not mean that all accidents and near
misses have to be fully investigated. But when there is a good accident reporting
system, it will show trends and patterns which can be used to prevent serious
accidents. Accident reports will also improve awareness and establish costs.
6.3 WHO INVESTIGATES:
All accidents will be investigated by the supervisor. This section of the safety
program should be reviewed for every accident investigation to help identify root
causes and appropriate corrective actions.
6.4 INVESTIGATION PROCESS
A. Safe to Enter Area: Ensure no hazard still exists that may cause further
injury or property damage before entering the area of the accident.
B. Medical Attention: Ensure injured personnel receive first aid and call an
ambulance as soon as possible if required.
C. Secure the Area: Keep unauthorized personnel out of the area to prevent
other injuries and protect evidence.
D. Identify Witnesses: Get names, addresses and phone numbers of all
witnesses. A valuable witness does not necessarily have to have seen the
accident. Someone who has knowledge of pre -accident conditions or saw the
victim before the accident could have important information for the investigation.
E. Develop Visual Aids: Take photographs and measurements; make
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sketches.
F. Procure hard Evidence: Search the accident scene for evidence. Collect
and save hard evidence for further evaluation.
G. Review Records and Reports
1. Check for training documentation
2. Review for timeliness, applicability and content
3. Review maintenance records
4. Review inspection reports
H. Conduct Interviews
1. As soon as possible
2. Write down key questions before starting
3. When feasible conduct interviews at the scene
4. Interview witnesses privately
5. State the purpose of the interview: prevention
6. Ask for their version of what happened
7. Listen to witness, don't interrupt
8. Discuss ideas on prevention
9. Close positively, thank the individual
Write the Report
1. Identify the source of injury/damage. What object or substance
caused the injury/damage. What part of the object caused the
injury/damage and how? Identify the chemical or liquid. Identify the motion
if it caused the injury/damage.
2. Identify unsafe acts. In most accidents an unsafe act occurs and
should be identified. Unsafe acts are symptoms of underlying root causes.
3. Identify specific hazardous conditions, environment, people or
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management system that could be a contributing factor. "Gausai
..
ROOT CAUSES of accidents usually fall under one of the following
categories:
• Inadequate training
• Poor enforcement
• Failure to inspect
• No written job specifications/procedures
• Dubious purchasing methods
• Employee selection is questionable
4. Identify expert assistance where needed. An engineering analysis of
structural strength or an analysis of the dynamics may be required. An
unknown substance may need identifying. Contact your Safety
Representative or the Monroe County Safety officer for help.
5. Consolidate all information. Put all information together and
accurately reconstruct the accident. Go through each phase: conditions
before the accident, events steps during the accident sequence, and
conditions after the accident. Identify what could have prevented the
accident in each phase.
6. Develop corrective/preventative actions. (See Causal FaGtOFs a44d
The main purpose of the investigation is to
prevent it happening again. GhapteF 5 has the four levels Of GGFFeGtiVe
Ast+eae
MW ..
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7. Complete the Accident Investigation Report. Follow instructions on
the back of the form; fill in all sections (N/A or none where appropriate).
Avoid using jargon or acronyms that may not be understood by reviewers
of the report. Use extra sheets of paper. A thorough report, in most cases,
will not fit on the report form. All Accident Investigation Reports will be
reviewed by the Safety Officer . Any comments and
recommendations by the Safety Officer Administratef-will be returned to the
supervisor that completed the report. Excellent reports will be recognized.
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NOTE: Accidents that are prevented eliminate the need for an investigation
and report. Let's concentrate on preventing accidents.
8. Follow-up. Make sure corrective actions are accomplished and are
effective. Schedule inspections.
J. Accident Costs
Direct (obvious) costs are only a small fraction of the total costs of an accident.
Indirect (hidden) costs account for three to seven times the direct costs. Actual
costs include all or part of the following:
• Medical compensation
• Hospital medical costs
• Property/equipment damage
• Equipment down time
• Lost efficiency
• Investigation/report time (supervisor and others)
• Scrap/rework
• Overtime premium
• Training for new personnel
• Management time to review reports
• Clerical time spent on accident
• Time paid to injured employee
• Other employees' time
• Costs associated with light duty
• Insurance costs
• Public liability claims
• Cost of renting equipment
• Medical costs not covered by Workers Compensation insurance
6.5 CAUSAL FACTORS AND POSSIBLE CORRECTIVE ACTIONS
A. Hazardous Condition As a Contributing Factor
1. Defect in Equipment: Review procedure for inspecting, reporting,
maintaining, repairing, replacing, or recalling defective
equipment/tool/material used.
2. Hazardous conditions not recognized: Perform job safety analysis.
Improve employee ability to recognize existing or potential hazardous
conditions. Provide test equipment, as required, to detect hazard. Review
any change or modification of equipment/tool/material.
3. Hazardous Condition Not Reported: Train employees in reporting
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procedures. Stress individual acceptance of responsibility.
4. Employees Not Informed of Hazardous Condition and Unfamiliar with
Interim Avoidance Procedures: Review job procedures for hazard
avoidance. Review supervisory responsibility. Improve supervisor -
employee communications.
5. No Equipment Inspection Procedure to Detect the Hazardous
Condition: Develop and adopt procedures to detect hazardous conditions.
Conduct test.
6. Existing Equipment Inspection Procedures Did not Detect the
Hazardous Condition: Review procedures. Change frequency or
comprehensives. Provide test equipment as required. Improve employee
ability to detect defects and hazardous conditions. Change job procedures
as required.
7. Incorrect Equipment, Tool or Material Used: Specify correct
equipment, tool, material in job procedures.
8. Correct Equipment, Tool or Material Not Readily Available: Provide
correct equipment, tool or material. Review purchasing specifications and
procedures. Anticipate future requirements.
9. Employees Unsure Where to Obtain Required Equipment, Tool or
Material: Review procedures for storage, access, delivery, or distribution.
Review job procedures for obtaining equipment/tool/material.
10. Substitute Equipment, tool or Material Used in Place of Correct One:
Provide correct equipment, tool or material. Warn against use of
substitutes in job procedures and in job instruction.
11. Design of the Equipment or Tools Create Operator Stress or
Encouraged Operator Error: Review human factors engineering principles.
Alter equipment or tool to make it more compatible with human capability
and limitations. Review purchasing procedures and specifications. Check
out new equipment and job procedures involving new equipment before
putting into service. Encourage employees to report potential hazardous
conditions created by equipment design.
12. General Design or Quality of the Equipment or Tool Contributed to a
Hazardous Condition: Review criteria in codes, standards, specifications,
and regulations. Establish new criteria as required.
B. Environment As a Contributing Factor
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
1. Location and Position of Equipment, Material or Employee
Contributed to a Hazardous Condition: Perform job safety analysis. Review
job procedures. Change the location, position, or layout of the equipment.
Change position of employee. Provide guardrails, barricades, barriers,
warning lights, signs, or signals.
2. Hazardous Condition Not Recognized: Perform job safety analysis.
Improve employee ability to recognize existing or potential hazardous
conditions. Provide test equipment, as required, to detect hazard. Review
any change or modification of equipment, tools or materials.
3. Hazardous Condition Not Reported: Train employees in reporting
procedures. Stress individual acceptance of responsibility.
4. Employees Not Informed of Hazardous Conditions and or With
Interim Avoidance Procedure: Review job procedures for hazard
avoidance. Review supervisory responsibility. Improve supervisor -
employee communications. Take action to remove or minimize hazard.
5. Employees Not Supposed to be in the Vicinity of the Equipment or
Material: Review job procedures and instruction. Provide guardrails,
barricades, barriers, warning lights, signs, or signals.
6. Hazardous Condition Was Created by the Location of the Equipment
or Material Not Visible to Employees: Change lighting or layout to increase
visibility of equipment. Provide guardrails, barricades, barriers, warning
lights, signs or signals, floor stripes, etc.
7. Insufficient Workspace: Review workspace requirements, modify as
required.
8. Environmental Conditions a Contributing Factor: Monitor, or
periodically check, environmental conditions as required. Check results
against acceptable levels. Initiate action for those found unacceptable.
C. People: As a Contributing Factor
1. No Written or Known Procedure (Rules) for the Job: Perform job
safety analysis and develop safe job procedure.
2. Job Procedures Did Not Anticipate the Factors That Contributed to
the Accident: Perform job safety analysis and change job procedure.
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3. Employees Did Not Know the Job Procedure: Improve job
instruction. Train employees in correct job procedures.
4. Employee Deviated From the Known Job Procedure: Review
employee requirements for the job. Improve employee selection. Remove
or transfer employees who are temporarily, either mentally or physically,
incapable of performing the job.
5. Tasks In Job Procedures Were Too Difficult to Perform (For Example
Excessive Concentration or Physical Demands): Change job design and
procedures.
6. Job Structure Encourages or Requires Deviation From Job
Procedures (Fore Example Incentive, Piecework, Workplace): Change job
design and procedures.
D. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
1. Appropriate PPE Not Specified for the Task or Job: Review methods
to specify PPE requirements.
2. Appropriate PPE Not Available: Provide appropriate PPE. Review
purchasing and distribution procedures.
3. Employees Do Not K now How to Use and Maintain PPE: Improve
job instruction.
4. PPE Not Used Properly When Injury Occurred: Determine why and
take appropriate action. Implement procedures to monitor and enforce use
of PPE.
5. PPE Not Adequate: Review PPE requirements. Check standards,
specifications, and certification of the PPE.
6. Emergency Equipment Not Readily Available: Install emergency
equipment at appropriate locations.
7. Emergency Equipment Not Properly Used: Incorporate use of
emergency equipment in job procedures.
8. Emergency Equipment Functioned Improperly: Establish
inspection/monitoring system for emergency equipment. Provide for
immediate repair of defects.
E. Management Systems As a Contributing Factor
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
1. Failure By Supervisor to Detect, Anticipate or Report Hazardous
Condition: Improve supervisor capability in hazard recognition and
reporting procedures.
2. Failure By Supervisor to Detect or Correct Deviations From Job
Procedure: Review job safety analysis and job procedures. Increase
supervisor monitoring. Correct deviations.
3. No Supervisor and Employee Review of Hazards and Job Procedures
for Tasks Performed Infrequently: Establish a procedure that requires a
review of hazards and job procedures (preventive actions) for tasks
performed infrequently.
4. Supervisor's Responsibility and Accountability Inadequately Defined
and Understood: Define and communicate supervisory responsibility and
accountability. Test for understandability and acceptance.
5. Supervisor Inadequately Trained to Fulfill Assigned Responsibility in
Accident Prevention: Train supervisors in accident prevention
fundamentals.
6. Failure to Initiate Corrective Action For Known Hazardous Condition
That Contributed to the Accident: Review management safety policy and
level of risk acceptance. Establish priorities based on potential severity and
probability of recurrence. Review procedure and responsibility to initiate
and carry out corrective actions. Monitor progress.
6.6 DETERMINING PREVENTABILITY OF VEHICLE ACCIDENTS
Listed below are a series of questions that may be used in determining
preventability. Additional questions may be needed and used to suit local
conditions provided a uniform procedure is followed in all cases. It is important
that every decision be made on the basis of facts with impartiality and fairness.
A. Intersection Accidents
1. Did the employee approach the intersection at a safe speed for the
condition?
2. Was the employee prepared to stop before entering the intersection?
3. At a blind corner did the employee pull out slowly, ready to shift
his/her right foot to the brake pedal?
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4. Did the employee make sure the other driver would stop for a traffic
light or stop sign?
5. Did the employee obey all traffic signs?
6. Did the employee signal well in advance of his/her change in
direction?
7. Did the employee turn from the proper lane?
8. Was the employee alert for the turns of other vehicles?
9. Did the employee avoid overtaking and passing in the intersection?
10. Did the employee refrain from jumping the starting signal or riding
through the caution light?
B. Rear End Collision
1. Was the employee maintaining the safe following distance, namely
one (1) car length for every ten (10) miles per hour of travel? (This
distance should be doubled at night and doubled again in wet weather.)
2. Was the employee keeping his/her eyes and mind ahead of the car in
front?
3. Did the employee approach the green traffic light cautiously expecting
the driver ahead to stop suddenly on the signal change?
4. Did the employee keep from skidding?
C. Backing Accidents
1. Did the employee have to park so close to the car ahead as to require
backing to leave the parking space?
2. Was it necessary to drive into the narrow street, dead end alley, or
driveway from which the employee backed?
3. If the employee could not see where they were backing did the
employee use proper precaution?
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
a. Did the employee look all around the vehicle before getting in?
b. Did the employee back immediately after looking?
c. Did the employee use his/her horn while backing?
d. Did the employee look to the rear without depending on the rear
vision mirror?
e. If the distance was long, did the employee stop, get out, and look
around occasionally?
4. Did the employee back slowly?
5. Did the employee judge his backing clearance accurately?
D. Pedestrians
1. Did the employee drive through congested sections, expecting that
pedestrians would step in front of his/her car?
2. Was the employee prepared to stop?
3. Did the employee keep as much clearance between his/her vehicle
and parked cars as safety permitted?
4. Did the employee refrain from passing vehicles that had stopped to
allow pedestrians to cross?
5. Did the employee refrain from jumping the starting signal or riding
through the caution light?
6. Was the employee aware of groups of children and were they
prepared to stop if one ran into the street?
7. Did the employee give all pedestrians the right-of-way?
8. Did the employee refrain from passing school buses which were
stopped?
E. Pulling From The Curb
1. Did the employee look front to rear for approaching and overtaking
traffic immediately before starting to pull out?
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2. Did the employee look back rather than depend upon rear vision
mirror?
3. Did the employee signal before pulling from the curb?
4. Did the employee start out only when his/her action would not require
traffic to change its speed or direction in order to avoid him/her?
5. Did the employee continue to glance back as they pulled out?
F. Skidding
Was the employee keeping at least twice the safe following distance for dry
pavement - one car length for every 10 mph of speed?
G. Parked
1. Was the employee parked on the right side of the road?
2. Was it necessary to park near the intersection?
3. Did the employee have to park on the travel part of the highway, on a
curve or on a hill?
4. Where required, did the employee warn traffic by flag or flare?
5. Did the employee park parallel to the curb?
6. Was it necessary to park so close to the alley or directly across from
the driveway?
H. Head -On Collisions
1. Was the employee on his/her side of the road?
2. Did the employee take proper evasive actions?
3. Was the employee's speed too great for conditions?
4. Was the employee's vehicle under control?
I. All Others
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1. Could the employee have done anything to avoid the accident?
2. Was the employee's speed safe for conditions?
3. Did the employee obey all traffic signals?
4. Was the employee's vehicle under control?
5. Had the employee followed the routing and delivery instructions?
6. Did the employee call in for help when in doubt?
7. Did the employee report this accident as soon as they returned?
8. If involved in a high speed chase, did the employee have his/her
siren, blue lights, flashers and headlights on?
9. Did the employee follow all office policies?
10. Has this employee been involved in other auto accidents in the past
36 months?
11. Did the employee secure all information necessary for a thorough
investigation of this accident?
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 7
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY PROGRAM
7.1 HAZARDOUS PROPERTIES
N
7.2 WHEN WORKING WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2
7.3 A MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET (MSDS) INFORMATION 3
7.4 WORKING WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 6
7.5 HAZARD EVALUATION 7
7.6 LABELS g
7.7 EMPLOYEE TRAINING PROGRAM 17
7.8 SUBPART Z TRAINING PROCEDURES 20
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7. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY PROGRAM
7.1 HAZARDOUS PROPERTIES
A. TOXIC: A great many chemicals are toxic. If allowed to enter the body
through the nose, mouth, or skin, they can make you sick. Fumes, dust, and
vapors from toxic materials can be especially harmful because they can be
inhaled and pass quickly from the lungs into the blood.
B. CORROSIVE: Materials like strong acids and bases can eat right through
other substances including your clothing. If splashed on the skin or eyes, they
can cause serious burns. Some of these materials form poisonous gases.
C. EXPLOSIVE: Some materials can explode when they are exposed to heat
or flame. Included in this category are materials like flammable liquids and
compressed gases
D. FLAMMABLE: This category includes all materials that catch fire easily,
burn rapidly, spread quickly, and give off intense heat. Many materials used and
stored in the workplace are flammable, including many solvents and lubricants.
E. REACTIVE: These materials can burn when exposed to air or water and
some when mixed with other substances. Reactive materials don't have to be
near heat or flames to burn. They burn SPONTANEOUSLY and can also give
off hazardous vapors.
7.2 WHEN WORKING WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
A. PAY ATTENTION TO WARNING SIGNS: They tell you hazardous
materials are present and what you should and shouldn't do around them. Make
sure you pay attention to these signs.
B. READ ALL LABELS CAREFULLY: You should always read the labels on
the containers of materials you handle. If no label is present, do not use the
material until you've learned the necessary safety precautions.
C. GET ADDITIONAL INFORMATION WHEN IN DOUBT: Because not all
labels provide you with all the information you may need, you should turn to the
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for that chemical for vital information about
the hazardous materials in your work area. The MSDS's shall be placed in an
open and obvious area for all employees to review as needed your supervisor
can tell you where to find the MSDS you need.
7.3 A MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET (MSDS) INFORMATION
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A. IDENTIFY: The first section of the MSDS tells you the name of the
chemical. This is the same name that's on the container's label.
B. HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS: This section tells you the chemical names
for all the substances that make up this particular hazardous material.
C. PHYSICAUCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Another section provides
additional important information concerning the material's appearance and odor
of the material, its boiling point, vapor pressure, vapor density, solubility in water,
melting point, and evaporation rate.
D. FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: The MSDS will also tell you when the
material might catch fire or explode and what you can do to deal with these
hazards. Special instructions are included here.
E. REACTIVITY: Some materials can burn or explode when exposed to air or
water --or when mixed with other substances. These materials are reactive, and
this section tells you the conditions under which these materials become
dangerous, so that you can avoid exposing the material to these conditions.
F. HEALTH HAZARDS: This is another very important section, because it
tells you how the hazardous material could harm you. It tells you the symptoms
of exposure and the emergency first -aid procedures to use in case of
overexposure.
G. PRECAUTIONS FOR SAFE HANDLING AND USE: Perhaps most
important of all, this section contains detailed instructions for safe handling of the
substance. It tells you how to store, move, and use these materials. In addition,
this section tells you what to do in case of a spill or leak.
H. CONTROL MEASURES: This section tells you what personal protective
equipment to use when working with the material. It also lists safe work
procedures and tells you how to clean up after working and before eating so that
the material won't harm you or contaminate your food.
1. There should be an MSDS for every hazardous materials in your
workplace. Each MSDS provides you with valuable information about
protecting yourself and your coworkers when working with or near the
material. Make sure to read the MSDS for each hazardous material in your
workplace and find out everything you need to know to work safely with
these materials.
2. Ask Questions If You Don't Understand. If after reading the warning
label and the MSDS, you still have questions don't let them go
unanswered! Ask your supervisor to explain.
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Ask your supervisor, whenever...
a. You're in doubt about the proper procedures for handling or use.
b. You're not sure what safety equipment to use or what other
precautions to take.
c. You don't completely understand the safety rules.
I. How To Protect Your Health:
1. Use the protective equipment required by your employer and use it
properly and routinely.
2. Keep tools and work areas clean.
3. Keep work clothes clean and make sure they are in good condition.
(Holes and tears allow chemicals to come in contact with the skin.)
4. Never wear clothes or safety equipment that has been contaminated
by hazardous materials.
5. Remove contact lenses when entering work areas where chemical
vapors may be present.
6. Wash according to instructions if any hazardous material splashes on
you.
7. Always wash before applying makeup or lotion, and before putting on
rubber gloves.
8. Wash at the end of your shift.
9. Smoke, eat or drink only in designated areas NEVER around
hazardous materials. And be sure to wash hands first.
10. Dispose of all chemicals, contaminated rags, etc. according to
required procedures usually into a covered container for daily disposal. But
never assume that any covered trash container is to be used.
11. Clothing worn while handling hazardous materials should never be
mixed with home laundry.
12. Overexposure to hazardous materials can:
• Make you feel dizzy.
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• Make you sick to your stomach.
• Make your eyes, nose, and throat irritated.
• Give you skin rashes.
• Make you feel especially nervous, agitated, or sluggish.
If you feel any of these symptoms while working with or near hazardous
materials notify your supervisor immediately.
J. Chemicals In The Eyes
1. Don't rub the eye(s).
2. Hold the eyelid(s) open and flush eyes with clean water. Continue for
15 to 20 minutes.
3. Be careful not to contaminate the other eye.
K. Chemicals On The Skin
1. Flush burned area thoroughly with lukewarm water for at least 5
minutes. Be sure to wash chemical away completely.
2. Remove clothing and jewelry from burn area. If clothing sticks to burn,
do not try to remove it.
3. Seek further medical attention.
L. Ingestion
Induce vomiting only if instructed by MSDS. When chemicals have been
swallowed, making the victim vomit may or may not be the right thing to do. Be
prepared ahead of time by checking the MSDS for all chemicals in your work
area.
Get immediate medical attention.
M. Clothing On Fire
1. STOP moving around.
2. DROP to the ground with your arms across your chest.
3. ROLL on the ground in a rug or blanket if possible.
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4. COOL burns with clean water. Never cover them with butter or
grease. Chemical burns should receive immediate medical attention.
For specific first aid procedures for particular hazardous materials, read the
emergency instructions on the MSDS.
Report all injuries to your supervisor and get further medical attention as
soon as possible.
7.4 WORKING WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
A. Make sure hazardous materials are properly stored according to
company rules.
B. Do not store materials in: aisles, or where they are blocking exits.
C. Make sure all containers are stored with labels showing.
D. Make sure flammable and combustible materials are not stored near a
heat source.
E. Check for adequate ventilation.
F. Eat, drink and smoke only in designated areas.
G. Double-check all containers and hoses to make sure they are not
leaking.
H. Keep containers closed when not in use.
I. Make sure all lids or caps are tightly closed before storing.
J. Be alert to unusual odors, hidden leaks etc.
K. Report missing labels, damaged containers, etc. to your supervisor.
L. Never try to do a job you are not authorized to do.
M. Get help from your supervisor or a coworker if you need it.
N. Clean up all spills immediately following established procedures and
using approved cleanup materials.
O. Clean up your work area and any tools you have used.
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7.5 HAZARD EVALUATION
A. What Is Hazard Determination
Chemical manufactures and importers are required to evaluate the chemical
produced in their workplaces or imported by them to determine if they are
hazardous. Hazard determination procedures must be in writing and made
available upon request to employees, NIOSH and OSHA.
B. Written Procedures
When you document your hazard evaluation procedures, you should address the
following:
1. The Person responsible for evaluating the chemicals.
2. The sources of information consulted.
3. Criteria used to evaluate the studies.
4. A plan for reviewing information to update the MSDS's, if new and
significant health information is found.
These written procedures may be incorporated into the written hazard
communication program.
C. What Is Regulated?
Any substance that presents a physical of health hazard, as defined by OSHA, is
considered regulated under the Hazard Communication Code. There are about
1,200 chemicals.
IMPORTANT: a substance may still be regulated even though it is not on any list.
D. Hazard Determination
1. Sources of Hazardous Chemicals:
a. Dept. of Labor and Employment Security, Division of Safety, Florida
Administrative Code, Chapter 381-30 Toxic Substances In the Workplace
b. 29 CFR Part 1910, Subpart Z, Toxic and Hazardous Substances, OSHA
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c. Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents in
the Work Environment, American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH) (latest edition)
2. Sources of Carcinogenic Chemicals:
a. 29 CFR Part 1910, Subpart Z, Toxic and Hazardous Substances,
OSHA
b. National Toxicology Program (NTP)
c. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs.
E. What is Exempt
With the Hazard Communication Standard, OSHA is attempting to reduce
occupancy related illnesses and workplace exposures to hazards. The agency
does not want to duplicate the efforts of other government agencies, therefore, a
number of exemptions have been established under this standard.
Any hazardous waste, defined as regulated under RCRA
2. Tobacco or tobacco products
3. Wood or wood products, the standard was not intended to cover
desks, chairs or doors if you have wood treated with formaldehyde
andglueing or cutting it, this wood would be regulated.
4. Foods, drugs, cosmetics or alcoholic beverages in a retail
establishment which are packaged for sale to consumers or are intended
for personal consumption by employees while in the workplace.
5. Any consumer product which is used in the workplace in the same
manner as normal consumer use and which use results in exposure which
is no greater than exposures experienced by consumers.
6. Any drug when it is in solid final form for patient use
7. Articles - a manufactured item which are formed to a specific shape
of design during manufacture, has an end use function dependent upon its
shape or design, and must not release or expose a hazardous chemical
under "normal conditions of use".
8. Mixtures - if the mixture has been tested as a whole, the results of
such testing shall be used to determine whether it is hazardous. If the
mixture has not been tested and it contains 1 % or more of an ingredient
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that is listed as a health hazard or 0.1 % of an ingredient listed as a
carcinogen.
7.6 LABELS
A. Purpose of Labels
The purpose of labels on hazardous chemicals or on products containing them;
1. Is to warn about potential danger or significant risk. Labels are not
intended to be either the sole source of information regarding the nature or
identity of hazardous chemicals in the workplace.
2. OSHA's purpose for labels is that they serve as an immediate
warning and as a reminder of the more detailed information provided in
other formats (posters, MSDS's, notices, written programs etc.)
3. The Hazard Communication Standard contains specific labeling
requirements. Labeling must be done on all hazardous chemicals that are
shipped and that are used in the workplace. 29 CFR 1910.1200(f). This
standard requires identity and hazard information.
4. The two most common systems of labeling are the NFPA and HMIS
system. There is no one form of label mandated by this standard.
B. Labels On Shipped Containers
Chemical manufactures, importers and distributors must make sure that each
container of hazardous chemicals leaving the workplace is labeled, tagged, or
marked with the following information:
1. Identity of the hazardous chemical.
2. Appropriate hazard warnings.
3. Name and address of the chemical manufacturer, importer or other
responsible party.
C. Labels on In -Plant Containers
Employers shall ensure that each container of hazardous chemical in the
workplace is labeled, tagged or marked with the following information:
1. Identity of the hazardous chemical
2. Appropriate hazard warnings.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
3. Remember, labeling responsibilities for the employer are minimal.
The majority of containers arrive already labeled. However there are
several situations where you may need to label.
a. If an employee breaks down the received quantity into smaller
containers for ease of handling.
b. If the containers of chemicals were purchased long ago
c. If a label falls off or is unreadable.
D. What is a Hazard Warning?
The Hazard Communication Standard covers two types of hazards: physical and
health hazards. The hazard warning (which must be on both shipped and in -
plant containers) must convey the hazard of the chemical. This is intended to be
specific information regarding the hazard.
CHART A HAZARD CATEGORIES
HEALTH HAZARDS PHYSICAL HAZARDS
Carcinogenic
Acutely toxic
Chronically toxic
Reproductive toxin
I rrita nt
Corrosive
Sensitizer
Hepatotoxins
Nephrotoxins
Neurotoxins
Combustible liquids
Compressed gas
Compressed gas
Flammable
Organic peroxide
Oxidizers
Pyrophorics
Unstable (reactive)
Water -reactive
Health Hazards (cont.)
Agents which damage the lungs,
skin, eyes, or mucous membranes
Agents which act on the
hematopoietic system
The specific target organ effect should be part of the hazard warning. If the
substance attacks the lungs skin or the brain it must be indicated.
A warning of carcinogenicity (cancer causation) is required under certain
circumstances.
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2. CHART B TARGET ORGAN EFFECTS
a. Hepatotoxins ................. Chemicals which produce liver damage
Signs and Symptoms .... Jaundice; liver enlargement
Chemicals ..................... Carbon tetrachloride, nitrosamines
b. Nephrotoxins ................ Chemicals which produce kidney damage
Signs & Symptoms........ Edema; proteinuria
Chemicals ..................... Halogenated hydrocarbon;
c. Neurotoxins .................. Chemicals which effect nervous system
Signs and Symptoms .... Narcosis; behavioral changes; decrease
motor functions
Chemicals ..................... Mercury; carbon disulfide.
d. Agents which act on the
blood system ................ Decrease hemoglobin function, deprive
body tissue of oxygen
Signs & Symptoms........ Cyanosis; loss of consciousness
Chemicals ..................... Carbon monoxide; cyanides.
e. Agents which damage the
lungs ............................ Chemicals which irritate or damage the
pulmonary tissue
Signs and Symptoms ... Cough; tightness in chest; shortness of
breath
Chemicals ..................... Silica; asbestos
f. Reproductive toxins .... Chemicals which affect the
reproductive capabilities including
chromosomal damage (mutations) and
effects on fetuses (teratogenesis)
Signs & Symptoms........ Birth defects; sterility
Chemicals ..................... Lead, DBCP
g. Cutaneous hazards ...... Chemicals which affect the dermal layer
of the body
Signs and Symptoms .... Defatting of the skin; rashes, irritation
Chemicals ..................... Kenton's, chlorinated compounds
h. Eye hazards ................. Chemicals which affect the eye of visual
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capacity
Signs & Symptoms........ Conjunctivitis; corneal damage
Chemicals ..................... Organic solvents; acids
E. Labels on Solid Metals
Many times a solid metal is exempt from labeling because it is considered an
article, based on its downstream use. However, if the end use of the metal
results in hazardous chemical exposure to the employees working with it, then it
is not an article and must be labeled.
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F. Substance Specific Requirements For Labeling
OSHA has developed specific health standards for twenty-one substances.
These standards are located in 29 CFR 1001-1101, Subpart Z with required
handling methods, protective clothing, etc. Many of the standards require specific
label requirements, which take precedence over the label requirements of the
Hazard Communication Standard.
Department of Labor and Employment Security, Division of Safety, Florida
Administrative Code Chapter 381-40 Asbestos Management Program (enclosed)
If Monroe County employees work with any of the following substances, be sure
to check the Subpart Z requirements.
2-Acetylaminofluorene
Acrylonitrile
4-Aminodiphenyl
Asbestos, trampoline, anthrophyllite, and acinolite
Benzene
Benzidine
bis-Chloromethyl ether
Coal tar pitch volatiles
Coke oven emissions
Cotton Dust
1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane
3,3-Dichcorobenzine
4-Dimethylaminoazobenzine
Ethylene oxide
Ethyleneimine
Inorganic arsenic
Lead
Methyl chloromethyl ether
alpha-Naphthylamine
beta-Naphthylamine
4-Nitrobiphenyl
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
beta-Propiolactone
Vinyl chloride
G. Portable Container Exemption
There is an exception from labeling requirements for portable containers. A
portable container is one which is filled from a labeled container by an employee
who uses it immediately (during one work shift), no labeling is required in this
case.
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H. Alternatives To Labeling Containers
OSHA does provide alternatives for hard to label containers. Supervisors may
use signs, placards, process sheets, batch tickets, etc.
The Role Of DOT Labels
The Department of Transportation (DOT) has detailed requirements for the
marking of containers of shipped hazardous chemicals. OSHA labels used on
shipping containers must not conflict with these requirements.
J. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has a marking system that it
developed in 1961 intended to provide basic information for emergency
personnel, so they can better evaluate what fire fighting techniques to employ.
There are three categories of hazards identified by the NFPA system - health,
flammability and reactivity. The degree of severity is indicated numerically be
five divisions ranging from "zero(0) - no special hazards" to "four (4) - severe
hazards."
The diamond shaped label contains four colored
squares, with a number appearing in each square.
Besides having a blue square indicating health hazard,
a red square representing flammability and reactivity
symbolized by a yellow square A fourth square
indicates a "special hazard," such as unusual reactivity
with water. The usual symbol for alerting fire fighting
personnel to the possible hazard of using water is the
letter "W" with a line through the center.
K. Hazardous Materials Identification System
Another system is the Hazardous Materials Identification system (HMIS). This
system was developed by the National Paint and Coatings Association (NPCA).
Thousands of substances are used in these products, many of which are toxic or
require some special precaution in their handling. This system is to inform
employees of the hazards encountered in the performance of their jobs and to
promote the safe use of those hazardous substances.
The HMIS label and signs provide information on:
Chemical identity - may be chemical or common name
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2. Degree of acute health, flammability and reactivity hazards - each label
contains three colored horizontal bars; blue for health, red for flammability a
yellow for reactivity and each with its separate numerical coding. The degree of
hazard is expressed in numerical rating (like NFPA) on a scale of 0 to 4, with 0
denoting a minimal hazard, 4 a severe hazard.
3. Proper personal protective equipment:
A white bar at the bottom of the label contains a letter representing one or more
personal protective devices that must be used when handling that substance.
4. Chronic health hazards
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L. Exemptions to the Labeling Requirements
OSHA does not want to duplicate what other agencies have established,
requiring two labels that accomplish the same thing. Therefore, there is no
labeling required under the HAZARD COMMUNICATION CODE for the following
chemicals:
1. Any pesticide, labeled under Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and
Rodenticide Act.
2. Any food, food additive, color additive, drug, cosmetic, medical or
veterinary device labeled under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act.
3. Any alcoholic beverage intended for non -industrial use labeled under
the Federal Alcohol Administration Act.
4. Any consumer product or hazardous substance labeled under the
Consumer Product Act.
NOTE: There is a "gray" area where you must use common sense. The rule of
thumb is if the employee has the same degree of exposure to the chemical as he
would have at home, do not worry about it. EXAMPLE: if an employee uses a
cleanser to clean a sink twice a week that would be normal consumer exposure.
However, if the employee is involved with cleaning every day, several hours a
day, that would be beyond a consumer exposure and the supervisor must deal
with the cleanser as a hazardous chemical.
M. Posters in the Workplace
Under the Hazard Communication Standard there are no poster requirements.
However, Florida -Right -to -Know act requires posters as an effective way to
communicate several kinds of information to employees. This information
includes the following responsibility as an employer.
Inform an employee of the listed toxic substances in the workplace.
2. Make available upon written request a form called a "Material Safety
Data Sheet" which explains the proper ties and hazards of each listed toxic
substance to which an employee, has been or may be exposed to in the
workplace.
3. Provide instruction, within the first 30 days of employment and
annually thereafter on the adverse health effects of each listed toxic
substance with which an employee works with in your workplace, how to
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
use each of these substances safely and what to do in case of an
emergency.
7.7 EMPLOYEE TRAINING PROGRAM
Under the Hazard Communication Standard, Monroe County must establish a
training and information program for all employees routinely exposed to
hazardous chemicals in their work area. This training must be provided at the
time of initial assignment and whenever a new hazard is introduced into their
work area. The regulations for training can be found in 29 CFR 1910.1200 (h)
Training serves to explain and reinforce the information presented to employees
through labels and MSDS's. The use of labels and MSDS's will only be
successful when workers understand the information presented and are aware of
the actions to be taken to avoid or minimize exposure and the occurrence of
adverse effects.
It is the goal of Florida -Right -to -Know and HAZARD COMMUNICATION CODE
training to increase the employees knowledge of the chemicals they handle, so
that they can handle them in a safe manner. If the training accomplishes that
goal, Monroe County will have met OSHA's goal.
A. The Hazards Communication Standard (HCS)
Employees must be informed of the existence of the HCS, what the standard
requires and what it will do for them. The purpose of the HCS is to ensure that
the hazards of all chemicals produced are evaluated and that information
concerning these hazards is transmitted to both employers and employees. This
information is transmitted through a safety training program that includes:
1. Monthly safety training meetings
2. Initial training of use of chemicals upon employment
3. Whenever a new hazard is introduced into the work area
4. Reading and reviewing labels
5. Reading and understanding the components of a MSDS
6. Provide MSDS's where and employees can easily find and review.
B. Terminology
The language should be clarified during training. The less educated the
employees are the more the supervisor needs to explain the terminology.
Language barriers must be crossed to ensure safety to all employees. An
employee should have a basic understanding of the chemical, use and
information.
C. Material Safety Data Sheet
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1. Determine ahead of time how much information is necessary and will
be useful and understood by employees being trained.
2. Explain what an MSDS is and what its purpose serves.
3. Explain the categories (sections)
a. General Information
b. Ingredients
C. Physical Data
d. Fire & Explosion Hazard Data
e. Health Hazard Data
f. Reactivity Data
g. Environmental Protection Procedures
h. Special Protection Information
i. Special Precautions
4. What information is found in each section (what some of the terms
mean) (do not overload with terminology)
5. Employees should understand what is relevant and important to their
interaction to chemicals.
6. A definite understanding of Health Hazard Data, route of entry,
overexposure and Special Protection Information must be understood.
D. Labels
Labels are the most visible and most frequent contact employees will have with
chemical information.
1. Labels are an immediate visual warning.
2. Employees must have a thorough understanding of how to interpret
the information.
3. There is no standard format for labels. Employees need to know how
to read the label or interpret NFPA and the HMIS system.
E. The Written Program
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The written program is how Monroe County has complied with the Hazard
Communication Standard. It includes a hazardous chemical inventory and must
be made available to employees.
The Monroe County Safety Policies and Procedures are the guidelines for
workplace safety in Monroe County. This program includes compliance with all
applicable OSHA regulation and Florida Administrative Codes pertaining to
employee safety.
Documentation of all training is required in the following forms:
1. Employee Safety and Health Record, SAF-8, with the date and initials
of the trainer or supervisor and employee.
2. Certificate of attendance with the date, name of instructor and type of
training (sign in sheet).
This documentation should be made available upon request to:
a Personnel Department Human Resources Office
b. Safety Administratef Officer
C. OSHA inspector
d. Florida Division of Safety, Safety Specialists
F. Specific Chemicals
This section of the training program should comprise the largest part of the
training program. Each employee should be given specific details on what
chemicals the employee has contact with and how to safely handle those
chemicals.
1. How to detect the presence of a leak.
2. How to properly dispose of unused chemicals.
3. How to properly store chemicals.
4. Not to keep or store unneeded chemicals.
5. How to communicate chemical storage to fire departments.
6. Certain chemicals have specific training requirements especially
those in 29 CFR 1001-1101 Subpart Z
G. Protective Equipment
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
A supervisor must explain the proper use of any protective equipment (goggles,
respirators, ear plugs, etc.) that is required for the safe handling of chemicals.
1. Explain county policy for using protective equipment.
2. Where the equipment is kept.
3. Demonstrate how it is used.
4. When is the equipment to be used.
5. How to clean and store the equipment.
Remember, if an employee does not use the equipment and suffers an injury,
the supervisor will be responsible for not enforcing the use of the protective
equipment.
H. First Aid and Emergency Procedures
Supervisors and employees must understand what emergency procedures
should be used in the event of exposure or overexposure to the hazardous
chemicals they work with. Supervisors should advise all new employees of who
knows CPR and first aid and advise where first aid kits are located. Employees
should know ahead of time where eye wash stations are located and should be
advised upon employment where they can find information from MSDS.
7.8 SUBPART Z TRAINING PROCEDURES
OSHA's Subpart z, Toxic and Hazardous Substances, contains the regulations
for 26 specific substances. These are materials that the Agency has determined
are of particular concern. Therefore, an individual standard has been developed
for each one, containing requirements for labeling, the use of protective
equipment, medical surveillance, training etc.
ASBESTOS 1910.1001 0)(5)
A. Employee information and training
1. The employer shall institute a training program for all employees who
are exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos, tremolite,
anthophyllite, actinolite or a combination of these minerals at or above the
action level and ensure their participation in the program.
2. Training shall be provided prior to or at the time of initial assignment
and at least annually thereafter.
3. The training program shall be conducted in a manner which the
employee is able to understand. The employer shall ensure that each
employee is informed of the following:
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a. The health effects associated with asbestos, tremolite,
anthophyllite, actinolite exposure;
b. The relationship between smoking and exposure to asbestos,
tremolite, anthophyllite, actinolite in producing lung cancer;
c. The quantity, location, manner of use, release, and storage of
asbestos, tremolite, anthophyllite, actinolite, and the specific nature of
operations which could result in exposure to asbestos, tremolite,
anthophyllite, actinolite;
d. The engineering controls and work practices associated with the
employee's job assignment;
e. The specific procedures implemented to protect employees from
exposure to asbestos, tremolite, anthophyllite, actinolite, such as
appropriate work practices, emergency and clean-up procedures, and
personal protective equipment to be used;
f. The purpose, proper use, and limitations of respirators and
protective clothing;
g. The purpose and a description of the medical surveillance
program required by this section;
h. A review of this standard, including appendices.
4. Access to information and training materials.
The employer shall make a copy of this standard and its appendices readily
available without cost to all affected employees.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 8
LOCKOUT TAGOUT
8.1 GENERAL..............................................................................................2
8.2 PURPOSE..............................................................................................2
8.3 TERMINOLOGY.....................................................................................2
8.4 DEFINITIONS.........................................................................................2
8.5 PROCEDURE.........................................................................................3
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
8. LOCKOUT TAGOUT
8.1 GENERAL
Lockout is the preferred method of isolating machines or equipment from energy
sources. The following procedure is provided for use in both lockout or tagout
programs. This procedure will be used when there are limited numbers or types of
machines or equipment, or there is a single power source. For more complex systems,
a more comprehensive procedure must be developed, documented, and utilized.
8.2 PURPOSE
This procedure establishes the minimum requirements for the lockout or tagout of
energy isolating devices. It shall be used to ensure that the machine or equipment is
isolated from all potentially hazardous energy, and locked out and/or tagged out before
qualified personnel perform any servicing or maintenance activities where the
unexpected energization, start-up, or release of stored energy could cause injury.
8.3 TERMINOLOGY
A. Shall: Indicates a mandatory requirement.
B. Will: Is also used to indicate a mandatory requirement and in addition is used to
express a declaration of intent, probability, or determination.
C. Should: Indicates a preferred method of accomplishment.
D. May: Indicates an acceptable or satisfactory method of accomplishment.
8.4 DEFINITIONS
A. Energy Isolating Device: A physical device that prevents the transmission or
release of energy, including, but not limited to, the following: A manually operated
electrical circuit breaker, a disconnect switch, a slide gate, a slip blind, a line valve,
blocks, and similar devices with a visible indication of the position of the device. Push
buttons, selector switches, and other control circuit type devices are not energy isolating
devices.
B. Energy Source: Any electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical,
nuclear, thermal, or other energy source that could cause injury to personnel.
C. Lockout Device: A device that utilizes a lock and key to hold an energy isolating
device in the safe position for the purpose of protecting personnel.
D. Tagout Device: A mishap prevention tag that is capable of being securely
attached and that, for the purpose of protecting personnel, forbids the operation of an
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
energy isolating device and identifies the applier or authority who has control of the
procedure.
8.5 PROCEDURE
A. Responsibility: Each uf+t Division/Department will identify those personnel who
will have the responsibility to ensure this procedure is adhered to. A list of qualified
personnel will be maintained by each work center. They must be identified by
name(s)/job titles.
Those personnel shall be instructed in the safety significance of the lockout (or tagout)
procedure. Each new or transferred individual and other personnel whose work
operations are, or may be in the area shall be instructed in the purpose and use of the
lockout/tagout procedures during initial job safety briefing.
B. Preparation for Lockout/Tagout: Each work center supervisor will conduct a
survey to locate and identify all machines and equipment requiring lockout/tagout
procedures. A copy of this list will be given to the Us# Division/Department Safety
Representative and the Monroe County Safety office. Each responsible work center
supervisor will maintain their list. Each Us# Division/Department Safety Representative
will maintain that t'Dvision/Departmet's master list. Each entry will include: name of
equipment, including manufacturer and model number; what and how to lockout;
location of equipment and building.
All isolating devices shall be located and identified to be certain which switch(es),
valve(s), or other energy isolating devices apply to the machines and equipment to be
locked and/or tagged out. More than one energy source (electrical, mechanical, or
others) may be involved. (List types and locations of energy isolating device for each
machine or equipment).
C. Sequence of Lockout or Tagout System Procedure
1. Notify all personnel that a lockout or tagout system is going to be utilized
and the reason. The individual shall know the type and magnitude of energy that
the machine or equipment utilizes and shall understand the hazards it presents.
2. If the machine or equipment is operating, shut it down by the normal
stopping procedure (depress stop button, open toggle switch, etc.).
3. Operate the switch, valve, or other energy isolating device(s) so that the
equipment is isolated from its energy source(s). Stored energy (such as that in
springs, elevated machine members, rotating flywheels, hydraulic systems, and
air, gas, steam, or water pressure, etc.) must be dissipated or restrained by
methods such as repositioning, blocking, bleeding down, etc. (List the type(s) of
stored energy and methods used to dissipate or restrain.)
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
4. Lockout and/or tagout the energy isolating devices with assigned individual
lock(s) or tag(s) (method(s) selected; i.e., locks, tags, additional safety measures,
etc.).
5. After ensuring that no personnel are exposed, and as a check on having
disconnected the energy sources, operate the push button or other normal
operating controls to make certain the equipment will not operate (type(s) of
equipment checked to ensure disconnection).
CAUTION: Return operating control(s) to "neutral" or "off' position after the test.
6. Place tags on any extension cords or machinery with electrical cords that
have bare wires, cut insulation, frayed insulation or an end that exposes wires.
7. The equipment is now locked out and/or tagged out.
D. Restoring Machines or Equipment to Normal Production Operations
1. After the servicing and/or maintenance is complete and equipment is ready
for normal production operations, check the area around the machines or
equipment to ensure that no one is exposed.
2. After all tools have been removed from the machine or equipment, guards
have been reinstalled, and personnel are in the clear, remove all lockout or tagout
devices. Notify personnel that the locks and tags have been removed and the
equipment is in service. Operate the energy isolating devices to restore energy to
the machine or equipment.
E. Procedure Involving More Than One Person
In the preceding steps, if more than one individual is required to lockout or tagout
equipment, each shall place his or her own personal lockout device and/or tagout
device on the energy isolating device(s). When an energy isolating device cannot
accept multiple locks or tags, a multiple lockout or tagout device (hasp) may be used.
F. Basic Rules for Using Lockout or Tagout System Procedures
All equipment shall be locked out or tagged out to protect against accidental or
inadvertent operation when such operation could cause injury to personnel. Do not
attempt to operate any switch, valve, or other energy isolating device when it is locked
or tagged out.
G. Inspections
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
1. Periodic inspections of the lockout/tagout program shall be conducted at
least annually by the Department Supervisor or the Department Safety
Representative to ensure that the requirements of this program are in compliance.
The inspection shall include at a minimum, the program's procedures, training,
and self -inspection.
2. A semi-annual inspection shall be conducted by the un#Division/Department
to ensure compliance with all program elements. The inspection shall include at a
minimum, the identification of the machines and equipment on which the
lockout/tagout program is used, a review of each person's responsibilities under
the program, and that all necessary training has been conducted and
documented. The inspection shall be documented to include the date of the
inspection and the un# Division/Department representative conducting the
inspection. All documentation will be placed in the Division/Department Safety
Management Book.
H. Training
1. Training shall be provided to ensure the purpose and function of the
lockout/tagout programs are understood by supervisors, operators, and qualified
equipment maintenance personnel and that the knowledge and skills required for
safe usage of lockout/tagout procedures are understood. The training shall
include the following:
a. Each supervisor, operator, or any qualified equipment maintenance
personnel shall receive initial job training on the type and magnitude of
applicable energy sources, the methods and means necessary for energy
isolation and control, and the use of the lockout/tagout procedures.
b. All other personnel whose duties are or may be in an area where
lockout/tagout procedures may be utilized, shall be briefed on the
lockout/tagout program during the initial job safety briefing.
2. When lockout/tagout procedures are used, supervisors, operators, or any
qualified equipment maintenance personnel shall also receive initial job training
on the following use of locks and tags:
a. Tags are essentially warning devices attached to energy isolating
devices, and do not provide the physical restraint on those devices that is
provided by a lock.
b. When a lock or tag is attached to an energy isolating device, only the
person, supervisor or the designated representative, who initially installed
the lock or tag can remove it, and it can never be bypassed, ignored, or
otherwise defeated.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
c. Tags may cause a false sense of security, and their use and limitations
need to be understood as part of the overall energy control program.
d. Tags will be securely attached so that they cannot be inadvertently or
accidentally detached during use.
3. Retraining shall be provided for supervisors, operators, and a change in
their job assignments, a change in machines or equipment, processes that
present a new hazard, or when there is a change in the lockout/tagout
procedures. Additional retraining shall also be conducted whenever a periodic
inspection reveals that there are deviations from, or qualified equipment
maintenance personnel's knowledge or use of the lockout/tagout procedures.
4. All training shall be certified and documented and kept up-to-date. The
certification shall contain each individual's name and dates of training. This
training shall be documented on MC Form SAF-8, "Employee Safety and Health
Record".
5. Procedures
a. These written procedures must be readily available to all qualified and
responsible individuals.
b. These procedures apply to the industrial environment and do not apply to
new construction, or electrical power generation, transmission and
distribution facilities.
c. To meet their needs, each uf+t Division/Department may want to
establish additional items to these basic procedures. The intent of the
lockout/tagout program must be met and the above procedures cannot be
circumvented.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 9
DIVE OPERATIONS IN MONROE COUNTY
9.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
9.2 DEFINITIONS
9.3 PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
9.4 GENERAL OPERATIONS PROCEDURES
9.5 PROCEDURES DURING DIVES
9.6 SPECIFIC OPERATIONS PROCEDURES
9.7 EQUIPMENT PROCEDURES AND REQUIREMENTS
9.8 RECORDKEEPING
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
9 DIVE OPERATIONS IN MONROE COUNTY
9.1 SCOPE AND APPLICATION
A. Scope. The Code of Federal Registry 29 1910 Subpart T is the foundation
for the following guidelines. This guideline applies to every place of employment
within Monroe county Government where diving and related support operations
are performed.
This guideline applies to diving and related support operations conducted in
connection with all types of work and employment performed for search, rescue,
or related public safety purposes, County Engineering for bridge inspection, and
diving operations performed for instructional purposes for County Employees,
using open circuit, compressed -air SCUBA and conducted within the non -
decompression limits which is under the direction and control of a diving program
containing at least the following elements:
1. Diving Safety Manual which includes at a minimum: Procedures
covering all diving operations specific to the program; procedures for
emergency care, including recompression and evacuation; and criteria for
diver training and certification.
2. Diving control (safety) board, with the majority of its members being
active divers, which shall at a minimum have the authority to: Approve and
monitor diving projects; review and revise the diving safety manual; assure
compliance with the manual; certify the depths to which a diver has been
trained; take disciplinary action for unsafe practices; and, assure
adherence to the buddy system (a diver is accompanied by and is in
continuous contact with another diver in the water) for SCUBA diving.
3. Application in emergencies. An employer may deviate from the
requirements of this guideline to the extent necessary to prevent or
minimize a situation which is likely to cause death, serious physical harm,
or major environmental damage, provided that the employer:
a. Notifies the Area Director, Occupational Safety and Health
Administration within 48 hours of the onset of the emergency
situation indicating the nature of the emergency and extent of the
deviation from the prescribed regulations; and
b. Upon request from the Area Director, submits such information
in writing.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
B. Employer obligation
The employer shall be responsible for compliance with:
1. All provisions of this guideline of general applicability; and
2. All requirements pertaining specific diving
modes to the extent
diving operations in such mod are conducted.
9.2 DEFINITIONS as used in this guideline, the listed terms are defined as
follows:
Acfm: Actual cubic feet per minute.
ASME Code or equivalent: ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section Vill, or an equivalent code which the
employer can demonstrate to be equally effective.
ATA: Atmosphere absolute.
Bell: An enclosed compartment, pressurized (closed bell) or unpressurized (open
bell), which allows the diver to be transported to and from the underwater work
area and which may be used as a temporary refuge during diving operations.
Bottom time: The total elasped time measured in minutes from the time when
the diver leaves the surface in descent to the time that the diver begins ascent.
Bursting pressure: The pressure at which a pressure containment device would
fail structurally.
Cylinder: A pressure vessel for the storage of gases.
Decompression chamber: A pressure vessel o�deep diving stem used to r human occupancy such as a
surface decompression chamber, closed bell
decompress divers and to treat decompression sickness.
ich
Decompression sickness: A condition with
oftdivers after pressure red�ctionmay
result from gas or bubbles in the
Decompression table: A profile or s{o befollot of lwed after a specific depth time es of dep-time relationships or
ascent rates and breathing mixtures
exposure or exposures.
Dive location: A surface or vessel from which a diving operation is conducted.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
Dive -location reserve breathing gas: A supply system of air or mixed -gas (as
appropriate) at the dive location which is independent of the primary supply
system and sufficient to support divers during the planned decompression.
Dive team: Divers and support employees involved in a diving operation,
including the designated person -in -charge.
Diver: An employee working in water using underwater apparatus which supplies
compressed breathing gas at the ambient pressure.
Diver -carried reserve breathing gas: A diver -carried supply of air or mixed gas
(as appropriate) sufficient under standard operating conditions to allow the diver
to reach the surface, or another source of breathing gas, or to be reached by a
standby diver.
Diving mode: A type of diving requiring specific equipment, procedures and
techniques (SCUBA, surface -supplied air, or mixed gas).
Fsw: Feet of seawater (or equivalent static pressure head).
Heavy gear Diver -worn deep-sea dress including helmet, breastplate, dry suit,
and weighted shoes.
Hyperbaric conditions: Pressure conditions in excess of surface pressure.
Inwater stage: A suspended underwater platform which supports a diver in the
water.
Liveboating: The practice of supporting a surfaced -supplied air or mixed gas
diver from a vessel which is underway.
Mixed -gas diving: A diving mode in which the diver is supplied in the water with
a breathing gas other than air.
No -decompression limits: The depth -time limits of the "no -decompression limits
and repetitive dive group designation table for no -decompression air dives", U.S.
Navy Diving Manual or equivalent limits which the employer can demonstrate to
be equally effective.
Psi(g): Pounds per square inch (gauge).
Scientific diving: Diving performed solely as a necessary part of a scientific,
research, or educational activity by employees whose sole purpose for diving is
to perform scientific research tasks. Scientific diving does not include performing
any tasks usually associated with commercial diving such as: Placing or
9-4
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL //
removing heavy objects underwater; inspection of pipelines and similar objects;:__
construction; demolition; cutting or welding; or the use of explosives.
SCUBA diving: A diving mode independent of surface supply in which the diver
uses open circuit self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.
Standby diver: A diver at the dive location available to assist a diver in the
water.
Surface -supplied air diving: A diving mode in which the diver in the water is
supplied from the dive location with compressed air for breathing.
Treatment table: A depth -time and breathing gas profile designed to treat
decompression sickness.
Umbilical: The composite hose bundle between a dive location and a diver or
bell, or between a diver and a bell, which supplies the diver or bell with breathing
gas, communications, power, or heat as appropriate to the diving mode or
conditions, and includes a safety line between the diver and the dive location.
Volume tank: A pressure vessel connected to the outlet of a compressor and
used as an air reservoir.
Working pressure: The maximum pressure to which a pressure containment
device may be exposed under standard operating conditions.
9.3 PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS
A. Qualifications of dive team
1. Each dive team member shall have the experience or training
necessary to perform assigned tasks in a safe and healthful manner.
2. Each dive team member shall have experience or training in the
following:
a. The use of tools, equipment and systems relevant to assigned
tasks;
b. Techniques of the assigned diving mode: and
c. Diving operations and emergency procedures.
d. All dive team members shall be trained in cardiopulmonary
resuscitation and first aid (American Red Cross standard course or
equivalent).
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL a)P11
e. Dive team members who are exposed to or control the exposure of
others to hyperbaric conditions shall be trained in diving -related physics
and physiology.
B. Assignments
Each dive team member shall be assigned tasks in accordance with the
employee's experience or training, except that limited additional tasks may be
assigned to an employee undergoing training provided that these tasks are
performed under the direct supervision of an experienced dive team member.
1. The employer shall not require a dive team member to be exposed
to hyperbaric conditions against the employee's will, except when
necessary to complete decompression or treatment procedures.
2. The employer shall not permit a dive team member to dive or be
otherwise exposed to hyperbaric conditions for the duration of any
temporary physical impairment or condition which is known to the
employer and is likely to affect adversely the safety or health of a dive
team member.
C. Designated person -in -charge
1. The supervisor or an employee designated by the supervisor shall
be at the dive location in charge of all aspects of the diving operation
affecting the safety and health of dive team members.
2. The designated person -in -charge shall have experience and
training in the conduct of the assigned diving operation.
9.4 GENERAL OPERATIONS PROCEDURES
A. Safe practices manual
The employer shall develop and maintain a safe practices manual which shall be
made available at the dive location to each dive team member.
Contents - The safe practices manual shall contain a copy of this standard and
the employer's policies for implementing the requirements of this standard.
For each diving mode engaged in the safe practices manual shall include:
1. Safety procedures and checklists for diving operations;
2. Assignments and responsibilities of the dive team members;
3. Equipment procedures and checklists; and
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
0&
4. Emergency procedures for fire, equipment failure, adverse
environmental conditions, and medical illness and injury.
B. Pre -dive procedures
The employer shall comply with the following requirements prior to each diving
operation, unless otherwise specified.
C. Emergency aid
A list shall be kept at the dive location of the telephone or call numbers of the
following:
1. An operational decompression chamber (if not at the dive location);
2. Accessible hospitals;
3. Available physicians;
4. Available means of transportation; and
5. The nearest U.S. Coast Guard Rescue Coordination Center.
D. First aid supplies
A first aid kit appropriate for the diving operation and approved by a physician
shall be available at the dive location.
1. When used in a decompression chamber or bell, the first aid kit
shall be suitable for use under hyperbaric conditions.
2. In addition to any other first aid supplies, an American Red Cross
standard first aid handbook or equivalent, and a bag -type manual
resuscitator with transparent mask and tubing shall be available at the
dive location.
E. Planning and assessment
Planning of a diving operation shall include an assessment of the safety and
health aspects of the following:
1. Diving mode;
2. Surface and underwater conditions and hazards;
3. Breathing gas supply (including reserves);
4. Thermal protection;
5. Diving equipment and systems;
6. Dive team assignments and physical fitness of dive team members
(including any impairment known to the employer);
7. Repetitive dive designation or residual inert gas status of dive team
members;
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
& Decompression and treatment procedures (including altitude
corrections); and
9. Emergency procedures.
F. Hazardous activities
To minimize hazards to the dive team, diving operations shall be coordinated
with other activities in the vicinity which are likely to interfere with the diving
operation.
G. Employee briefing
Dive team members shall be briefed on:
The tasks to be undertaken;
2. Safety procedures for the diving mode;
3. Any unusual hazards or environmental conditions likely to affect the
safety of the diving operation; and
4. Any modifications to operating procedures necessitated by the
specific diving operation.
5. Prior to making individual dive team member assignments, the
employer shall inquire into the dive team member's current state of
physical fitness, and indicate to the dive team member the procedure for
reporting physical problems or adverse physiological effects during and
after the dive.
H. Equipment inspection
The breathing gas supply system including reserve breathing gas supplies,
masks, helmets, thermal protection, and bell handling mechanism (when
appropriate) shall be inspected prior to each dive.
Warning signal
When diving from surfaces other than vessels in areas capable of supporting
marine traffic, a rigid replica of the international code flag "A" at least one meter
in height shall be displayed at the dive location in a manner which allows all-
round visibility, and shall be illuminated during night diving operations.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
9.5 PROCEDURES DURING DIVES.
The employer shall comply with the following requirements which are applicable
to each diving operation unless otherwise specified.
A. Water entry and exit
A means capable of supporting the diver shall be provided for entering and
exiting the water.
The means provided for exiting the water shall extend below the
water surface.
2. A means shall be provided to assist an injured diver from the water
or into a bell.
B. Communications
An operational two-way voice communication system shall be used between:
1. Each surface -supplied air or mixed -gas diver and a dive team
member at the dive location or bell (when provided or required); and
2. The bell and the dive location.
3. An operational, two-way communication system shall be available
at the dive location to obtain emergency assistance.
C. Decompression tables
Decompression, repetitive, and no -decompression tables (as appropriate) shall
be at the dive location.
D. Dive profiles
A depth -time profile, including when appropriate any breathing gas changes,
shall be maintained for each diver during the dive including decompression.
E. Hand-held power tools and equipment
Hand-held electrical tools and equipment shall be de -energized before being
placed into or retrieved from the water.
Hand-held power tools shall not be supplied with power from the dive location
until requested by the diver.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
F. Explosives
Employers shall transport, store, and use explosives in accordance with this
section and the applicable provisions of §1910.109 and §1926.912 of Title 29 of
the Code of Federal Regulations.
1. Electrical continuity of explosive circuits shall not be tested until the
diver is out of the water.
2. Explosives shall not be detonated while the diver is in the water.
G. Termination of dive
The working interval of a dive shall be terminated when:
A diver requests termination;
2. A diver fails to respond correctly to communications or signals from
a dive team member;
3. Communications are lost and can not be quickly re-established
between the diver and a dive team member at the dive location, and
r`
between the designated person -in -charge and the person controlling the
vessel in liveboating operations; or
4. A diver begins to use diver -carried reserve breathing gas or the
dive -location reserve breathing gas.
H. Post -dive procedures.
The employer shall comply with the following requirements which are applicable
after each diving operation, unless otherwise specified.
I. Precautions
After the completion of any dive, the employer shall:
Check the physical condition of the diver;
2. Instruct the diver to report any physical problems or adverse
physiological effects including symptoms of decompression sickness;
3. Advise the diver of the location of a decompression chamber which
is ready for use, and
4. Alert the diver to the potential hazards of flying after diving.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
i)t
5. For any dive outside the no -decompression limits, deeper than 100
fsw or using mixed gas as a breathing mixture, the employer shall instruct
the diver to remain awake and in the vicinity of the decompression
chamber which is at the dive location
o tio ntor at least one appropriate). our after the dive
(including decompression or at
J. Record of dive
The following information shall be recorded and maintained for each diving
operation:
1. Names of dive team members including designated person -in -
charge;
2. Date, time, and location;
3. Diving modes used;
4. General nature of work performed;
5. Approximate underwater and surface conditions (visibility, water
temperature and current); and
g. Maximum depth and bottom time for each diver.
K. For each dive outside the no -decompression limits
Deeper than 100 fsw or using mixed gas, the following additional information
shall be recorded and maintained:
1. Depth -time and breathing gas profiles;
2. Decompression table designation (including modification); and
3. Elapsed time since last pressure exposure if less than 24 hours or
repetitive dive designation for each diver.
t_. For each dive in which decompression sickness is suspected or
symptoms are evident, the following additional information shall be recorded and
maintained:
1. Description of decompression sickness symptoms (including depth
and time of onset); and
2. Description and results of treatment.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
L. Decompression procedure assessment
The employer shall:
1. Investigate and evaluate each incident of decompression sickness
based on the recorded information, consideration of the past performance
of decompression table used, and individual susceptibility;
2. Take appropriate corrective action to reduce the probability of
recurrence of decompression sickness; and
3. Prepare a written evaluation of the decompression procedure
assessment, including any corrective action taken, within 45 days of the
incident of decompression sickness.
9.6 SPECIFIC OPERATIONS PROCEDURES
A. SCUBA diving
Employers engaged in SCUBA diving shall comply with the following
requirements, unless otherwise specified.
31- 1. Limits. SCUBA diving shall not be conducted:
a. At depths deeper than 130 fsw,
b. At depths deeper than 100 fsw or outside the no -decompression
limits unless a decompression chamber is ready for use;
c. Against currents exceeding one (1) knot unless line -tended; or
d. In enclosed or physically confining spaces unless line -tended.
2. Procedures
a. A standby diver shall be available while a diver is in the water.
b. A diver shall be line -tended from the surface, or accompanied by
another diver in the water in continuous visual contact during the
diving operations.
c. A diver shall be stationed at the underwater point of entry when
diving is conducted in enclosed or physically confining spaces.
d. A diver -carried reserve breathing gas supply shall be provided
for each diver consisting of:
e. A manual reserve (J valve); or
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANU
AL
f. An independent reserve cylinder with a separate regulator or
connected to the underwater breathing apparatus.
g. The valve of the reserve breathing gas supply shall be in the
closed position prior to the dive.
B. Surface -supplied air diving
Monroe County does not engage in surface supply air diving. If an operation of
this type is engaged they shall comply with all regulations of 29 CFR 1910
Subpart T for surface supply air diving.
9.7 EQUIPMENT PROCEDURES AND REQUIREMENTS
All employers shall comply with the following requirements, unless otherwise
specified.
Each equipment modification, repair, test, calibration or maintenance service
shall be recorded by means of a tagging or logging system, and include the date
and nature of work performed, and the name or initials of the person performing
the work.
A. Air compressor system
1. Compressors used to supply air to the diver shall be equipped with
a volume tank with a check valve on the inlet side, a pressure gauge, a
relief valve, and a drain valve.
2. Air compressor intakes shall be located away from areas containing
exhaust or other contaminants.
3. Respirable air supplied to a diver shall not contain:
a. A level of carbon monoxide (CO) greater than 20 p/m,
b. A level of carbon dioxide (COE2) greater than 1,000 p/m;
c. A level of oil mist greater than 5 milligrams per cubic meter; or
d. A noxious or pronounced odor.
4. The output of air compressor systems shall be tested for air purity
every 6 months by means of samples taken at the connection to the
distribution system, except that non -oil lubricated compressors need not
be tested for oil mist.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
oal`*
=� B. Breathing gas supply hoses
Breathing gas supply hoses shall:
1. Have a working pressure at least equal to the working pressure of
the total breathing gas system;
2. Have a rated bursting pressure at least equal to 4 times the working
pressure;
3. Be tested at least annually to 1.5 times their working pressure; and
4. Have their open ends taped, capped or plugged when not in use.
5. Breathing gas supply hose connectors shall:
a. Be made of corrosion -resistant materials;
b. Have a working pressure at least equal to the working pressure
of the hose to which they are attached; and
c. Be resistant to accidental disengagement.
C. Umbilicals shall:
M
1. Be marked in 10-ft. increments to 100 feet beginning at the diver's
end, and in 50 ft. increments thereafter;
2. Be made of kink -resistant materials; and
3. Have a working pressure greater than the pressure equivalent to
the maximum depth of the dive (relative to the supply source) plus 100 psi.
D. Buoyancy control
1. Helmets or masks connected directly to the dry suit or other
buoyancy -changing equipment shall be equipped with an exhaust valve.
2. A dry suit or other buoyancy -changing equipment not directly
connected to the helmet or mask shall be equipped with an exhaust valve.
3. When used for SCUBA diving, a buoyancy compensator shall have
an inflation source separate from the breathing gas supply.
4. An inflatable flotation device capable of maintaining the diver at the
surface in a face -up position, having a manually activated inflation source
independent of the breathing supply, an oral inflation device, and an
exhaust valve shall be used for SCUBA diving.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
E. Compressed gas cylinders
Compressed gas cylinders shall:
1. Be designed, constructed and
191101ained in accordancead §1910 169 thro 9h the
applicable provisions of 29 C §10
§1910.171.
2. Be stored in a ventilated area and protected from excessive heat;
3. Be secured from falling; and
4. Have shut-off valves recessed into the cylinder or protected by a
cap, except when in use or manifolded, or when used for SCUBA diving.
F. Gauges and timekeeping devices
1. Gauges indicating diver depth which can be read at the dive
location shall be used for all dives except SCUBA.
2. Each depth gauge shall be deadweight tested or calibrated against
a master cy greater
reference gauge than percent (2 percent) f fulevery 6 months, and when l scale between any
ere is a
discrepancy grea P
two equivalent gauges.
3. A cylinder pressure gaugebecapable of being ach SCUBA diver.
monitored by the diver
during the dive shall be worn y
4. A timekeeping device shall be available at each dive location.
G. Masks and helmets
Surface -supplied air and mixed -gas masks and helmets shall have:
2. A non -return valve at the attachment point between helmet or mask
and hose which shall close readily and positively; and
3. An exhaust valve.
H. Oxygen safety
1. Equipment used with oxygen or mixtures containing over forty
percent (40%) by volume oxygen shall be designed for oxygen service.
9-16
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
2. Components (except umbilicals) exposed to oxygen or mixtures
containing over forty percent (40%) by volume oxygen shall be cleaned of
flammable materials before use.
3. Oxygen systems over 125 psig and compressed air systems over
500 psig shall have slow -opening shut-off valves.
I. Weights and harnesses
1. Except when heavy gear is worn, divers shall be equipped with a
weight belt or assembly capable of quick release.
2. Except when heavy gear is worn or in SCUBA diving, each diver
shall wear a safety harness with:
a. A positive buckling device;
b. An attachment point for the umbilical to prevent strain on the
mask or helmet; and
c. A lifting point to distribute the pull force of the line over the
diver's body.
9.8 RECORDKEEPING
A. Recordkeeping requirements
The employer shall record the occurrence of any diving -related injury or illness
which requires any dive team member to be hospitalized for 24 hours or more,
specifying the circumstances of the incident and the extent of any injuries or
illnesses.
F. Availability of records
1. Upon the request the employer shall make available for inspection
and copying any record or document required by this guideline.
2. Records and documents required by this guideline shall be
provided upon request to employees or designated representatives.
Equipment inspections and testing records which pertain to employees
shall also be provided upon request to employees and their designated
representatives.
3. Records and documents required by this guideline shall be retained
by the employer for the following period:
a. Dive team member medical records (physician's reports)-5
years;
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL a 7m
b. Safe practices manual -current document only;
c. Depth -time profile --until completion of the recording of dive, or
until completion of decompression procedure assessment where
there has been an incident of decompression sickness;
d. Recording of dive -1 year, except 5 years where there has been
an incident of decompression sickness;
e. Decompression procedure assessment evaluations --5 years;
f. Equipment inspections and testing records --current entry or tag,
or until equipment is withdrawn from service;
g. Records of hospitalization-5 years.
4. In the event the employer ceases to do business: The Monroe
County Personnel Department shall receive and retain all dive and
employee medical records required by this guideline
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 10
CONFINED SPACE
10.1 OVERVIEW............................................................................................. 2
10.2 POLICY................................................................................................... 2
10.3 DEFINITION OF A CONFINED SPACE .................................................. 2
10.4 EVALUATION OF CONFINED SPACE ................................................... 2
10.5 IDENTIFICATION OF CONFINED SPACE .............................................. 3
10.6 ENTERING A CONFINED SPACE........................................................... 3
10.7 POSTING AND SIGNAGE........................................................................ 4
10.8 WRITTEN PROGRAM.............................................................................. 4
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
10. CONFINED SPACE
10.1 OVERVIEW
Each year there are hundreds of on-the-job deaths which are directly attributed
to working in confined spaces. Confined space accidents result when an
employee is trapped, asphyxiated, or injured in an area which limits normal
rescue options. In response to this problem OSHA passed a regulation titled
"permit -required Confined Spaces". Part 1910.146 of the Code of Federal
Regulations. This regulation governs entry and work procedures for confined
spaces and became effective April 15, 1993.
10.2 POLICY
Monroe County shall provide the appropriate written program, equipment,
training, documentation and supervision of all Confined Space activities.
10.3 DEFINITION OF A CONFINED SPACE
A Confined Space is any working area which meets the following criteria:
A. Human Entry: Is large enough and so configured that an employee can
bodily enter and perform assigned work; and
B. Entry: Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit; and
C. Human Occupancy: Is not designated for continuous employee
occupancy.
10.4 EVALUATION OF CONFINED SPACE
The workplace must be surveyed for the presence of confined spaces. Once
each confined space is identified, the following information must be determined,
documented and retained by the Department Head, Supervisor and Safety
Office:
A. Location of the space
B. Description of the space
C. Type of confined space
D. Specific Hazards associated with the space
10.5 IDENTIFICATION OF CONFINED SPACE
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
There are three classifications of Confined Spaces. During the evaluation
process the supervisor and Safety AdMiR+strater--Officer must classify each of the
confined spaces in the work place as one of the following:
A. Non -permit: a confined space that does not contain or with respect to
atmospheric hazards, have the potential to contain any hazard capable of
causing death or serious physical harm.
B. Hazard Atmosphere Only: A confined space where the only hazard is a
potential for an atmosphere which may expose employees to the risk of death,
incapacitation, impairment or threaten the ability to self -rescue and which can be
controlled by forced ventilation.
C. Permit Required Confined Space (Permit Space): is a confined space
that has one or more of the following characteristics:
Contains or has a potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere;
2. Contains a material that has the potential for engulfing an entrant;
3. Has an internal configuration such that an entrant could be trapped or
asphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or by a floor which slopes and
tapers to a smaller cross-section; or
4. Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazards.
Any change in condition which alters the classification of a confined space shall
be documented. All permit -required entry procedures immediately apply to any
confined space which is reclassified from a non -permit space to a permit -
required space.
10.6 ENTERING A CONFINED SPACE
A. Permit -Required Confined Space: Require a written permit from your
supervisor prior to entering the space.
B. Non -Permitted Confined Spaces: Is any space which meets the criteria
of a confined space but not a permit required confined space. It is the Safety
AdMiRistratof Officer and supervisor's responsibility to evaluate and document
that the space is not a permit space.
10.7 POSTING AND SIGNAGE
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
A. Sinage of Permit Space: If the workplace contains permit spaces, the
supervisor must inform employees of their existence, location and danger. A
sign reading "DANGER - PERMIT -REQUIRED CONFINED SPACE - DO NOT
ENTER" shall be placed at the entrance to each such space to satisfy this
requirement.
B. Prevention of entry: If the supervisor decides employees will not enter a
permit space, the supervisor shall take effective measures such as physical or
mechanical means to prevent employee from entrance.
C. Prior Training before Entry: If the supervisor decides entry into permit
required spaces is necessary, employees will enter only after complying with the
provisions of the written Permit -Required Confined Space procedure.
D. Mark All Hazardous Atmosphere Spaces: All confined spaces which are
classified "Hazardous Atmosphere Only" should be marked with a sign stating
"DANGER - HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERE - DO NOT ENTER WITHOUT
AUTHORIZATION".
E. Permit -Required Markings: When entry is not authorized, except by
permit, the permit -required confined space must be marked with a sign that
reads "DANGER PERMIT REQUIRED CONFINED SPACE DO NOT ENTER"
10.8 WRITTEN PROGRAM
If the supervisor decides that their employees will enter permit required spaces,
the supervisor shall coordinate with the Safety Office to develop and implement
a written program that complies with the Code of Federal Regulations, Part
1910.146.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 11
BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
11.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................... 2
11.2 DEFINITIONS.................................................................................... 2
11.3 RESPONSIBILITIES.......................................................................... 3
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
11 BLOODBORNE A AIRBORNE PATHOGENS
11.1 INTRODUCTION
A. Scope
Bloodborne pathogens are considered a potential health hazard when an
employee is exposed to human body fluids that may contain hepatitis B virus
(HBV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Occupational exposure
means reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral
contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from
the performance of an employee's duties.
The background for this section is from the 29th Code of Federal Registry,
1910.1030. It is the intention of this section to cover general requirements for
county employees exposed to HBV and HIV due constant to exposure to
human body fluid contaminants this section covers such employees as fire
rescue, emergency medical services and health care.
B. Policy
Any Department of the County who's employees are exposed to HIV & HBV as
a function of their work shall provide an infection control plan as outlined in this
Section. Any employee assisting in first aid treatment or CPR shall follow the
general guideline of this section. Their supervisor shall be required to
coordinate with the personnel department to ensure exposure control and
follow up.
11.2 DEFINITIONS
Personal Protective Equipment: in this section is specialized clothing and
equipment worn by an employee for protection against infection hazard.
General work clothes are not intended to function as protective wear.
Source Individual: means and individual, living or dead, whose blood or other
potentially infectious materials may be a source of occupational exposure to the
employee.
Universal Precautions: is an approach to infection control. According to the
concept of Universal Precautions, all human blood and certain human body
fluids are treated as if known to be infected with HIV, HBV and/or other
Bloodborne pathogens.
11.3 RESPONSIBILITIES
11 -2
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
A. Exposure Control
Each supervisor having an employee with occupational exposure of reasonably
anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral contact with blood or
other potentially infectious materials shall establish a written Exposure Control
Plan.
This plan shall contain exposure determination, the schedule and method of
implementation and shall be reviewed and updated annually.
B. Exposure Determination
The Supervisor must provide develop a list of job classifications te the Safety
9ffise of all job descriptions that are susceptible to occupational exposure.
Included in this list shall be all tasks and procedures that employees may have
occupational exposure.
C. Method of Compliance
General Universal precautions shall be observed to prevent contact with blood
or other potentially infectious materials.
Engineering and Work Practice Controls
a. Engineering and work practice controls shall be used to eliminate
or minimize exposure.
b. Where exposure remains the use of PPE is required.
c. Hand washing facilities shall be available if not appropriate
antiseptic hand cleaner and towelettes shall be available.
Employees should wash hands or flush mucus area as soon as
possible after exposure.
d. All procedures involving potentially infectious materials shall be
performed in such a manor to minimize splashing, etc.
2. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Where there is occupational exposure, the County shall provide, at no
cost to the employee appropriate personal protective equipment.
The supervisor shall ensure that the employee use appropriate PPE and
that it is the appropriate size and is readily accessible at the work site.
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a. DISPOSABLE gloves such as surgical or examination gloves
shall be replaced as soon as practical when contaminated or if they
are torn, punctured, or when their ability to function as a barrier is
compromised.
b. UTILITY gloves may be decontaminated for re -use. They must
be discarded if they are cracked, peeling, torn, punctured, or exhibit
other signs of deterioration.
3. Housekeeping
Contaminated work surfaces shall be decontaminated with and
appropriate disinfectant.
4. Post -Exposure and Follow-up
Following a report of an exposure incident, the supervisor shall make
immediately available to the exposed employee a confidential medical
evaluation and follow-up including the following elements
a. Documentation of the route of exposure, and circumstances
under which the exposure incident occurred. (Accident Investigation
Report)
b. Identification and documentation of source individual, unless the
county can establish that identification is unfeasible or prohibited by
state or local law.
c. The source individual's blood shall be tested according to CFR
regulation 1910.1030(f)(3)(ii)(A) or (B)
d. Results of the source individual's testing shall be made available
to the exposed employee. The employee must be informed as to
applicable laws regarding disclosure of the identity and infectious
status of the source individual.
5. Hepatitis B Vaccination
a. The employer shall make available the hepatitis B vaccine and
vaccination series to all employees who have occupational exposure
and post -exposure evaluation and follow-up to all employees who
have an exposure incident. These procedures shall comply with 29
CFR 1910.1030 (f)
b. An employee has the right to decline to be vaccinated against
the hepatitis B virus. If an employees chooses to decline they have
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the right to change their request at a later date and receive the HBV
vaccine.
c. Any employee that has been determined at risk to come into
contact with HBV virus and refuses to take the vaccine they must
sign a form that consists of the statement in the 29 CFR 1910.1030
Appendix A. Bloodborne Pathogens: Hepatitis B. Vaccine. This
form shall be kept on file in their personnel file.
6. Communication of Hazards to Employees
a. Contaminated substances shall be color coded or labeled and
disposed of appropriately.
b. Warning labels shall be affixed to containers of regulated waste,
red bags or red containers may substitute for labels.
c. Training of Bloodborne pathogens and Universal precautions
shall be taught in the CPR/first aid classes and yearly at safety
training meetings.
d. Employee training records shall be kept as the Employee Health
Record.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 12 GENERAL SAFETY RULES
12.1 GENERAL..................................................................................
2
12.2 PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT AND DEVICES ............................
3
12.3 OPERATIONAL HAZARDS.......................................................
3
12.4 BACK INJURY PREVENTION ...................................................
4
12.5 LIFTING RULES.........................................................................
7
12.6 SLIPS, TRIPS and FALLS..........................................................
9
12.7 ERGONOMICS..........................................................................
12
12.8 OFFICE SAFETY.......................................................................
12
12.9 FIRE SAFETY............................................................................
22
12.10 BOMB THREAT............................................................
28
12.11 ELECTRICAL SAFETY............................................................
31
12.12 VEHICLE SAFETY...................................................................
37
12.13 POISONOUS SNAKES, SCORPIONS, AND SPIDERS............ 41
12.14 POISONOUS PLANTS.............................................................. 46
12.15 LIGHTNING STRIKE INJURY PREVENTION ........................... 49
12.16 MACHINE SHOP OPERATIONS ............................................. 50
12.17 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ................................. 52
12.18 INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS, FORKLIFTS HAND TRUCKS .......... 65
12.19 MOTOR VEHICLE MAINTENANCE SHOPS ............................ 66
12.20 CONSTRUCTION, BUILDINGS, GROUNDS MAINTENANCE. 70
12.21 OFF -THE -JOB SAFETY........................................................... 74
12.22 DEALING WITH AN ANGRY PERSON .................................... 75
12.23 USE OF CELLULAR PHONES ....................................... 79
12.24 DISASTER RESPONSE ................................................ 80
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12 GENERAL SAFETY RULES
12.1 GENERAL
It is the responsibility of every employee to know and adhere to the Safety
Rules and Regulations which apply to the area in which he or she is working or
visiting.
A. Report all injuries and property damage to your Supervisor.
B. Report all Unsafe Conditions to your Supervisor.
C. Fighting, disorderly conduct, horseplay and practical jokes are prohibited.
D. Reporting for Work Under the Influence of Intoxicants will not be
permitted. Use of intoxicants during working hours is prohibited. Monroe
County is a drug free workplace.
E. Unauthorized Firearms or explosives will not be allowed on County
property. (See F.S 790.251)
F. Smoking Regulations shall be observed and obeyed. County policy
prohibits smoking in County buildings and County vehicles.
G. Fatigue can be unsafe: No person will be permitted to work if their
ability or alertness is impaired through fatigue or other causes as to make it
unsafe for themselves or their fellow workers.
H. Employees Shall Not Wear: jewelry, loose clothing, neckties, loose
headbands or have long loose hair when working around or operating rotating
machinery and equipment.
I. Review the Safety Material posted on bulletin boards or distributed in
your work area.
J. Do Not Operate Machinery While Taking Medication which warns
against the operation of machinery. Report all use of such medication to your
Supervisor immediately.
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12.2 PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT AND DEVICES
A. Guards installed on machinery and equipment, barriers, and other protec-
tive devices provided for employee's protection shall not be removed, and will
be used in accordance with established rules and procedures.
B. Personal Protective Equipment shall be worn when performing work
requiring such protection.
C. All Fire Safety Equipment such as fire extinguishers, hose racks, hose
reels, detectors, fire alarms, and fire lanes shall be kept clear of obstructions
and tamper free.
D. Notify a Supervisor of fire safety equipment that is damaged or will not
operate.
E. Only Authorized Persons will enter roped off or barricaded areas.
F. Emergency Equipment will not be removed or used except for simulated
or actual emergencies.
G. Report All Instances where guards are not installed, are inoperative, or
are in need of replacement or repair.
12.3 OPERATIONAL HAZARDS
A. Good Housekeeping shall be maintained in all areas. Walkways, aisles
and working areas shall be kept clean and free of obstructions.
B. Compressed Air and other gases under pressure must be used only for
the purpose intended.
C. Do not operate machinery or equipment unless you are trained and
authorized to do so.
D. Use the right tool for the job: it is improper to use pliers to drive nails.
E. Inspect Tools Regularly for damage and defects. Replace or turn in all
defective tools.
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F. Portable Electrical Tool should be in good condition:
1. Portable electrical tools are required to be grounded at the case or
frame or grounded by use of a three wire conductor and plug, if not
double insulated. If an extension cord is to be used with the tool, the cord
must be of the three -wire grounded type.
2. Double -insulated portable electrical tools are internally grounded by
incorporating insulation in the case or frame. The wire containing the
male plug will have two prongs in the place of three. Check the plate on
the tool to ensure that it states that the tool is "double -insulated" and will
not require the prescribed ground wire and plug.
3. Never use or try to repair unfamiliar power equipment.
4. Always protect electric cords from damage by oil, ensure their
insulation is not frayed or broken, and keep them clear of aisles where
they may be run over by trucks or other equipment or cause a tripping
hazard.
12.4 BACK INJURY PREVENTION
80% of Americans have back problems at some time in their life. It can be
serious and chronic.
A. Proper Lifting Procedures
Lifting the wrong way is a major cause of back injury. So, when you lift, keep
your back straight, and let your legs do the work. It has been determined by
the Safety /Accident Review Board that County employees that lift heavy
objects may voluntarily wear back support (back belts)
To Lift Properly:
1. Consider the size, weight, and shape of the object to be carried. Do
not lift more than can be comfortably handled. If necessary, get help. Split
up the load, don't be in a rush.
2. Set feet solidly with one foot slightly ahead of the other for increased
effectiveness. Feet should be far enough apart to give good balance and
stability.
3. Get as close to the load as possible. Bend legs about 90 degrees at
the knees. Crouch, do not squat. It takes about twice as much effort to get
up from a squat.
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4. Keep the back as straight as possible. It may be far from being
vertical, but it should not be arched. Tuck in the chin so the head is in line
with the back. Bend at the hips, not the middle of the back.
5. Grip the object firmly. Maintain the grip while lifting and carrying.
Before changing the grip, set the object down again.
6. Tighten the stomach muscles and straighten the legs to lift the
object and at the same time bring the back to a vertical position.
7. Never carry a load that you cannot see over or around. Make sure
the path of travel is clear.
B. Back Comfort
1. Stand tall with head up, shoulders back. Shift positions frequently. If
you're standing in one place for very long, keep one foot on a raised step.
2. Sleep on a firm mattress or with a board between mattress and box
springs. To relax your back, sleep on your side with your knees bent or on
your back with a pillow under your knees.
3. Drive so your back is straight against the seat. Keep your knees
bent, slightly higher than your hips.
4. Use a ladder to reach high objects.
5. Push, don't pull, heavy objects.
6. Exercise for Muscle Tone
a. Pelvic Tilt - Lie on your back, knees bent, feet flat on the floor.
Tighten your stomach and buttocks muscles, pressing your lower
back against the floor. Hold that position for a few seconds. Let the
muscles relax. Then repeat.
b. Half Sit -Up - Lie on your back, knees bent, arms at sides. Slowly
pull your head, neck, and shoulders up, and raise your arms to
touch your knees. Hold for a few seconds, then slowly lie back.
Repeat.
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c. Wall Slide - Stand with your back to a wall, legs slightly apart.
Pull in your stomach and buttocks until your lower back presses the
wall. Then move your feet out a little and slide your back down the
wall almost to a seated position. Hold that for a few seconds, then
slowly slide up. Repeat.
d. Shoulder Shrug - Stand or sit, head up, arms at sides. Shrug
your shoulders up toward your ears, as high as you can. Hold for a
few seconds, then relax. Repeat.
8-7. Rules for Back Protection
a. Use mechanical help to lift or move whenever possible. When no
one is around to help or the load is too heavy; use a hand truck,
forklift, hoist, dolly or other device.
b. Let leverage do the work - Leverage can help do the work
without straining your back.
c. Lift with your legs when shoveling. For the best leverage, keep
your hands far apart, legs bent at the knees, back straight.
d. Clear your path. Get rid of any hazards you see such as
obstacles, spills, etc., before you pick up your load.
e. Split big loads into smaller loads. Don't try to carry a heavy load
when it can be split into smaller ones. The little bit of extra time can
save you an awful lot of pain. Don't be in a big rush.
f. Bend your knees when you're working low. Keep your back as
straight as possible. Bending from the waist can hurt your back.
g. Don't jump from short heights such as loading docks, trucks or
platforms. The shock could hurt your back. Use a ladder or carefully
lower yourself down.
h. Lifting high loads can be dangerous. Test the weight first then
get as close as you can, and let it slide down your body until you
can grip it firmly. If you can't reach the load comfortably, use a
ladder or get help.
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12.5 LIFTING RULES
All employees are required to do some lifting, moving and handling of materials
and equipment as part of their regular assigned duties. Avoid accidents by
learning the right way to handle materials. Know your physical capacity and
limitations and get help if needed.
A. Lifting, Carrying and Moving Materials.
1. Bags and Sacks: may be lifted by stooping down as far as possible
and rolling the bag or sack up to the knees, chest and shoulder before
straightening the legs and carrying with the back vertical. Place hand on
hip so the bag or sack rests partly on the shoulder, arm and back. Be sure
of your grip and footing.
2. Barrels and Drums: may be up -ended by grasping both ends,
press down with one hand and lift the other in a rocking fashion until the
drum is balanced on the bottom chime.
The lower grip may then be released and the drum placed on end. Keep
feet in the clear. Do not drop drums or barrels.
3. Long Objects: should be carried on the same shoulders (left or
right) of all persons making the carry. All persons should be in step.
4. Hazardous Materials: handling may have specific regulations for
use of protective clothing and goggles, see Chapter 7.
5. Flammable and Explosive Material: will be moved only in properly
marked and approved containers. Never transport flammable liquids in
open containers.
6. Boxes, Cartons, Packages and Other Material
a. A box, carton, or package should never be handled by the steel
strapping bands. A hand truck or forklift should be utilized when
required.
b. Lift all cartons, boxes or materials properly. Always lift with your
legs, not your back.
c. When two or more persons are required to handle an object, one
person should be in charge and give signals for lifting, moving,
lowering, and dropping in unison.
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d. Before cutting metal strapping, ensure that no one is standing
where they might be hit by loose ends or straps. (Eye protection
should be worn during this operation.)
e. To cut bands, place one gloved hand on the strap to prevent
injury from spring -back.
f. Before handling containers, inspect them for protruding nails,
ends of wire, splinters and sharp ends of metal bands.
g. Package all loose items before moving.
h. Wipe off oil, grease, dirt or other foreign matter before lifting.
i. Wear gloves when moving rough, burned or jagged objects
and those with sharp corners and grip carefully before moving.
j. Hooks, crowbars, rollers and skids should be used when
provided.
k. Be sure you know the path of travel before you pick up the
load.
I. Be sure the path of travel is clear of obstructions and well
lighted.
m. Stay within the prescribed safety aisles in warehouses and
storage areas.
n. Never attempt to catch a heavy falling object as this can cause
severe injury.
o. Do not stand on a box or truck when placing materials on a
high pile or when reaching for an object above your head. Use an
approved ladder.
B. Hoisting and Lifting Equipment
Never overload hand or electrically operated hoists. The rated load will be
legibly and permanently marked in a prominent location on all hoist and lifting
equipment. (Jacks supplied with vehicles are excluded.) Rated load limits are
not to be exceeded.
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12.6 SLIPS, TRIPS and FALLS
Slips ,trips and falls contribute to over 11,000 deaths every year; 6,000 at
home; 5,000 at work or public places. There are over 12 million injuries
with $5,000.00 compensation costs or more.
A. Primary Causes
1. Unsafe housekeeping
2. Change in physical conditions
3. Not paying attention to where a person is walking
B. Avoiding Slips
Watch out for hazardous walking conditions
1. Hidden Steps: When turning a corner or stepping outside, look out
for steps that may not be obvious.
2. Smooth Surfaces: Watch out on floors which have been waxed but
not buffed and other highly slippery surfaces.
3. Carpets: Any rug which hasn't been tacked down or doesn't have a
rubber mat may slip out when stepped on.
4. Loose Flooring: Use caution when walking over loose tiles, bricks or
floorboards.
5. Wet Spots: Don't wait for a small spill to dry itself. It only takes a
second for a serious accident to happen.
6. Oil/Grease: Have rags and detergent ready whenever you use oily
materials. Don't let grease accumulate on a shop floor. Throw sawdust
down to absorb it.
C. Avoiding Trips
Good housekeeping is the key to safety.
1. Furniture: Arrange furniture in the office or home to avoid an
obstacle course of potential falls.
2. Materials: It's hazardous to store materials in hallways and aisles
they should be stored in closets and cabinets.
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3. Electrical Cords: If extension cords must be used and can't be
moved away from walking areas, make sure they are covered with anti -
trip cord cover.
4. Untidy Floors: Any small thing --a pencil, piece of fabric, machine
part --can cause a big fall.
5. Stairs: Don't store materials on the stairs. An extra trip upstairs can
prevent a serious accident. Mark (paint yellow or apply yellow and black
floor tape to) small changes in elevations such as a ramp or small step.
6. Drawers: Keep them closed --even when you think it's unlikely
someone would bump into them.
7. Obstacles: If it's in the way, move it or walk around it --avoid climb-
ing over it.
8. Outside: There are many tripping hazards; pay attention --don't be in
a rush.
D. Avoiding Falls
1. Check Lighting: Lighting is especially important in stairwells.
2. Repair or Replace: Look out for stair treads which are cracked or
worn. Nonskid mats are a good idea, too. Ensure handrails are sturdy.
3. Watch Pant Leg Cuffs: They should be short enough to eliminate
danger of catching heel while walking.
4. Wear Good Shoes: Nonskid soles are a "safe" choice. Keep shoes
in good repair. Rubber heels are best. High heels or platforms offer less
stability. Upper shoe should give ankles support. Keep laces tied.
5. Avoid Makeshift Ladders: Don't substitute a stack of furniture or
boxes for a sturdy, properly balanced step ladder.
6. Sit 4-Square: Keep all four legs of your chair on the floor. Make
sure that chairs are in good repair.
7. Get Help With Big Loads: Carry only what you can handle and keep
your balance. Steady as you go.
8. Don't Jump: Lower yourself from docks, trucks or work stages.
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E. Helping to Prevent Slips, Trips or Fall Hazards to Others
1. Mark Wet Areas: Use signs to indicate wet areas when mopping or
waxing, when spills occur, etc.
2. Mop When Traffic is Light: If this isn't possible, mop only a small
area at a time, and rope it off.
3. Mark Working Areas: Use signs and cones to alert others to work
areas, especially walking areas where workers are using tools,
equipment, electric cords, etc.
4. Place Carpet Runner Properly: Runners placed at entrances should
have a rubber backing, and they should lie flat. Replace runners that curl
or slide on the floor.
5. Be Sensitive to Older Persons: Those who have reduced hearing,
eyesight or mobility are especially vulnerable to slips, trips and falls. Make
sure they're aware of hazards.
6. Pace Yourself: Allow yourself the time you need so you won't have
to hurry or run.
7. Take Care: Travel at a safe speed. Watch out for other people.
Change direction slowly.
8. Follow the Rules: Learn the safety rules for your job, whether it's
working on roofs or on the ground. Know how to use all the equipment
necessary for your job.
9. Act Your Age: Statistics show that falls are more deadly the older
you are. Take your time now and you'll have more time later.
10. Use Safety Equipment: Belts, hard hats, special shoes, handrails,
etc., are for your safety, but are worthless if you don't use them.
11. Don't Grope in the Dark: Use flashlight or extension light to make
your footing visible in unlighted areas.
12. Don't Take Chances: Avoid foolish risks; avoid tasks that are
beyond your ability to handle.
13. Be Alert: Watch where you are going. Watch what you are doing.
Watch out for hazards that others might miss.
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F. Reduce Your Chance of Injury by Falling the Right Way If You Fall
Relax: Try not to stiffen and tense your muscles.
2. Absorb: Let your arms and legs give like a spring to absorb the
impact of the fall.
3. Roll: Move in the direction of the energy of the fall, to minimize
injury.
12.7 ERGONOMICS
A. Sitting is a Major Cause of Back Strain
The best way to sit is straight, with the back against the back of a supportive
chair, feet on the floor, knees level with or slightly higher than hips.
1. Hold reading upright instead of leaning over to read on the desk top.
2. Keep the chair close to the desk.
3. Support the lower back by putting a cushion behind it.
4. Turn the whole body, do not twist part of it, to reach off to one side.
5. Use an elbow to support the arm when on the phone.
6. Don't cradle the phone in the neck.
7. Shift seating positions regularly during the day.
8. Get up and walk around periodically.
Good sitting posture will help keep the spine in balanced alignment to avoid
backache, fatigue, or back injury.
B. Repetitive Motions Injuries
Many job tasks that have a repetitive motion, vibrations or constant strain on
the muscles can lead to injuries. A hazard analysis of jobs that may cause
injury should be approached with recommendations for improvement of the
conditions. This analysis can be conducted by supervisors as well as he
Also see Office Ergonomics Section 12.8, D.
12.8 OFFICE SAFETY
A. General
Office work is generally considered to be one of the safest of all County
activities, but little thought is given to the hazards that are present in most
offices. Slips and falls on waxed floors, collisions with desks and chairs, strains
from furniture moving, and other similar accidents are common to offices.
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Special machines and equipment used in office work also add to the accident
potential.
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1. Undue haste results in accidents. Do not run on stairs or through
corridors. Enter and leave buildings in an orderly manner.
2. Bulky office supplies and materials must be properly lifted to avoid
muscle strains. Use mechanical devices to lift or carry loads that cannot
be easily handled by one or two persons.
3. Heavy office furniture and equipment will be moved only by properly
trained and physically qualified personnel. Chairs, boxes and other
objects will not be used as substitutes for ladders.
4. Overloading the top file drawer in the cabinets may overbalance the
cabinet and cause it to fall forward when the drawer is pulled out. Put
heavy materials in bottom drawers whenever possible.
5. Never tip your chair backward. This can cause an overbalanced
condition and result in your falling to the floor. This also causes a strain
on the chair to the point where it may break and cause you to fall.
6. Always close your desk drawers. Many injuries are incurred from
bumping into open drawers.
7. Always close file cabinet drawers, especially when working in the
lower files. If you suddenly raise your head you may receive a serious
head injury by striking the drawer above you. Open file drawers account
for many injuries to persons striking them while walking through the office.
8. Keep heavy books, equipment and other bulky materials off the top
of file cabinets, they may fall on you, or cause you to suffer muscle strain
when lifting them off the cabinet.
B. Office Equipment and Machines
1. Objects such as knives, scissors, and pens will be handled carefully
to avoid injuries. Unprotected spike files will not be used.
2. Only trained, qualified personnel will operate office machines.
Operators will be given instruction in safe work practices and told of the
particular hazards involved in the use of different machines.
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3. Suitable office equipment will be provided for stamping, sharpening,
and cutting operations. Makeshift tools such as unprotected razor blades
and pins will not be used.
4. Electrical fans, pedestal, and oscillating desk fans or all types will be
equipped with preferred safety guards when installed less than 7 feet
above the floor. Extension cords will be unplugged when not in use and
at the end of each day's work. All fans are required to be electrically
grounded.
5. Electrical appliances used for coffee making and other purposes
should be inspected daily to be sure that cords are in good condition and
plugs are not broken or cracked. A fire-resistant base should be placed
under all heat producing appliances to prevent a fire hazard.
6. Be sure that all electrical cords are unplugged from receptacles
when appliances are not in use and at the end of the work day.
7. Only non-combustible waste baskets should be used in offices
where employees smoke. All smoking materials will be placed in non-
combustible ashtrays and containers.
8. Keep all flammable solvents and similar flammable liquids in a metal
cabinet away from combustible materials. Identify the contents of all
containers.
9. Splintered or jagged edges or other defects found on office furniture
will be immediately repaired or the equipment removed from service.
Projections on bookcases, filing cabinets, and desks should be guarded
or removed. Only safety plate glass will be used on desks. Dispose of
cracked or broken glass desk tops promptly.
10. Electrical cords and wires will not be strung across floors, but will be
installed in conduits flush with the floor, covered by rubber or metal strips,
or suspended from overhead.
C. Office Area
1. Rough, splintered, uneven, protruding nails, holes, or other floor
defects will be repaired or the hazard suitably marked. Floors will be kept
clean and free of dirt and debris. Nonskid wax will be used on floors to
prevent slipping.
2. Weather may cause mud, sand or water to be tracked onto floors
near entrances. Storm mats will be placed at these entrances and the
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floors periodically mopped. Dual doors will be marked "Entrance" and
"Exit" or "In" and "Out".
3. All stairways will be equipped with handrails and non -slip treads and
be well lighted. Worn stair treads will be immediately repaired.
4. Rugs, mats and other type floor covering will be securely fastened to
the floor.
D. Ergonomics in the Office
The way you set up your display, your work table and your chair is probably the
most important consideration in working comfortably. The following
suggestions will help minimize fatigue and discomfort.
1. Adjust Your Chair - A comfortable chair, which allows you to sit in a
variety of positions throughout the day, is important whether you work with
a Visual Display Terminal (VDT) or any other piece of equipment. You
can quickly find the sitting position that suits you best by following these
simple suggestions.
a. Adjust the height of your chair's seat so that your thighs are
horizontal, your feet rest flat on the floor, and your arms and hands
are comfortably positioned at the keyboard.
b. Use a footrest if your chair is too high for your feet to rest flat on
the floor when you are seated at the keyboard.
c. Adjust the back rest so that it supports your lower back and fits
the curvature of your spine.
d. Change your seated position frequently throughout the work day.
e. Also see Ergonomics Section 12.7
E. Organize Your Working Area
A few minutes' thought about the best position for your display and the most
effective use of the space available to you can save time and effort throughout
the work day.
Organize your desk or work table to accommodate the materials and
equipment you need.
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2. Place the things you need regularly (such as a telephone or
calculator) within easy reach.
3. Experiment with the placement of your keyboard, screen, and other
items you work with to find the arrangement that works best for you.
F. Adjust Your Display
1. Most displays feature a variety of adjustments which enable you to
set up the equipment in a way which is most convenient for you.
2. Position the screen to minimize glare and reflections from overhead
lights, windows, and other light sources.
3. Adjust the display so that the top of the screen is slightly below eye
level when you're sifting at the keyboard. The top of the screen should not
be above eye level.
4. Set the contrast or brightness of the screen at a comfortable level.
(You may have to do this more than once a day, as the light in the room
changes)
5. Where it is impossible to avoid reflections or adjust lighting, an anti-
glare filter placed over the screen can be helpful. However, filters may
affect the clarity of the image on the screen and should be tried only after
other methods of reducing glare have been exhausted.
6. Most displays are equipped with brightness and contrast controls.
Since the position of these controls varies, check operator's manual for
location.
G. Adjust the Lighting
In any office it is important to ensure that lighting is adjusted to a comfortable
level. Windows, overhead lighting, and reflections from shiny surfaces can all
create reflections on VDT's screen. To avoid distracting reflections and glare:
Draw the drapes or adjust the blinds.
2. Adjust the desk lamp or task light (if you use one) to avoid
reflections on the screen.
3. Reduce overhead lighting (where possible) by turning off lights or
switching to lower wattage bulbs.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
H. Adjust Your Document Holder
1. If work is done primarily from source documents a document holder
is useful. When properly positioned, a document holder or copy stand can
reduce the number of times you have to move your head when looking
back and forth between the screen and source documents.
2. If a copy stand is used position it at a level that's comfortable, close
to the screen and at the same level.
3. Position the desk lamp so that it illuminates source documents
without causing glare on the screen.
I. Vision Care
1. Concentrated visual activity, whether it involves reading
conventional text or operating a VDT, can be fatiguing.
Such fatigue is both normal and temporary, but it can be minimized with a
little care, good work practices, and attention to the work environment.
2. Studies show that one out of every three people has some kind of
uncorrected vision problem.
a. Have vision checked as part of the regular health care program.
b. Advise the vision care specialist of the visual tasks being
performed. Eyeglasses suitable for one task may not be appropriate
for another.
3. Clean the screen, anti -glare filter, and eyeglasses on a regular
basis.
J. Working Smart
1. Sifting in a fixed position for long periods of time can be fatiguing.
Shifting your position and occasionally changing your routine (by doing
other kinds of work, taking a stretch break, or focusing eyes on something
else) can help reduce fatigue.
2. When feeling tired change position, stand up, or stretch.
3. Rest eyes occasionally throughout the work day.
4. Try to keep a soft touch on the keyboard and keep hands and
fingers relaxed. A wrist rest is standard on all key boards today.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
K. Operator's Checklist (Overview)
1. Is the chair adjusted so feet rest firmly on the floor or a footrest?
2. Is everything needed within easy reach?
3. Is the top of the visual display screen at a comfortable height?
4. Are arms comfortable when working at the keyboard?
5. Are wrists resting lightly on a wrist rest for the keyboard and mouse?
6. Is the screen positioned to avoid reflections?
7. Is the keyboard adjusted comfortably?
8. Is vision corrected properly?
9. Change position throughout the day?
10. Adjust screen contrast and brightness to a
comfortable level?
11. Is the screen clean?
L. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
1. General Overview
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common and troublesome condition
that interferes with the use of the hand. It is caused when too much
pressure is put on a nerve that runs through your wrist. Once symptoms
of pain and tingling appear, the condition frequently worsens and
permanent nerve damage may occur. However, CTS is highly treatable if
diagnosed early.
The pain, numbness, and tingling of CTS can happen anywhere and
anytime. But most often symptoms begin by waking you up at night.
Shaking or massaging the hand may work temporarily, but if ignored, CTS
gets progressively worse. The pain increases, the grip weakens, and you
may begin dropping things. Fortunately, appropriate treatment is
available.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
It's always best to prevent CTS. When you notice symptoms, don't wait
for them to become unbearable. The earlier you have a professional
diagnosis and treatment, the more successful the outcome will be.
Treatment usually begins with a splint, medication, or both. If symptoms
don't subside, your physician may recommend surgery.
2. The Carpal Tunnel
In CTS, the symptoms occur because a major nerve is compressed as it
passes through a narrow tunnel of bone and ligament at the wrist. The
result is numbness, tingling, "pins and needles", burning, and pain in the
middle and index finger and thumb, and sometimes in all five fingers.
a. The Tunnel: In the center of the wrist, bones and a ligament
form a narrow tunnel containing tendons and a major nerve.
b. Causes of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Various conditions cause
wrist structures to take up extra space in the carpal tunnel. Since
bones and ligament have no "give", this puts pressure on the nerve,
resulting in symptoms.
c. Wear and Tear: The covering around tendons may become thick
and sticky due to the normal wear and tear of the aging process or
repetitive hand movements, thus pressing the nerve against the
tunnel.
d. Bone Dislocation and Fracture: Previous dislocation or fracture
of the wrist causes bone to protrude into the tunnel. Arthritis may
also be present. Consequently, the tunnel becomes too narrow and
puts pressure on the nerve.
e. Fluid Retention: Fluid retention causes swelling of tissue in the
carpal tunnel, including perhaps the nerve itself. This occurs most
often during pregnancy, with the symptoms subsiding after delivery.
3. CTS Prevention
a. Certain repetitive hand activities may put you at higher risk for
developing a variety of wrist problems such as carpal tunnel
syndrome. By learning how to modify the way you use your hands,
you may be able to reduce the risk. Whenever possible, keep the
following pointers in mind at home and on the job.
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b. Keep Your Wrist Neutral: Avoid using your wrist in a bent
(flexed), extended, or twisted position for long periods of time.
Instead, try to maintain a neutral (straight) wrist position.
c. Grip with Your Whole Hand: Gripping, grasping, or lifting with the
thumb and index finger can put stress on your wrist. When practical,
use the whole hand and all the fingers to grasp an object.
d. Minimize Repetition: Even simple, light tasks may eventually
cause injury. If possible, avoid repetitive movements or holding an
object in the same way for extended periods of time.
e. Rest Your Hands: Periodically give your hands a break by letting
them rest briefly. Or you may be able to alternate easy and hard
tasks, switch hands, or rotate work activities.
f. Reduce Speed and Force: Reducing the speed with which you
do a forceful, repetitive movement gives your wrist time to recover
from the effort. Using power tools helps reduce the force.
g. Conditioning Exercises: Certain exercises strengthen the hand
and arm muscles. They may help by reducing the need to
compensate for these weak muscles with a poor wrist position.
4. Early Diagnosis
Accurate diagnosis is important because treatment for this condition is
specific for CTS. The sooner you have a professional evaluation, the
sooner your symptoms can be relieved, and the more likely it is that
permanent nerve or muscle damage will be prevented. For your
evaluation, your doctor will take a medical history followed by a physical
exam; you may also require certain tests.
a. Medical History: Your doctor will ask you to describe your
symptoms, which may feel like tingling, numbness, pins and
needles, pain, or heaviness in the hands and fingers. Your doctor
will need to know if symptoms are mild and intermittent or severe
and frequent, and whether they bother you only at night, or during
the day, or both.
b. Physical Examination: The physical exam helps confirm that
symptoms are related to a nerve problem, and then to localize the
nerve problem to the wrist. Your doctor will examine your wrist for
swelling and signs of previous injury. You may be tested for
decreased sensitivity to touch or to pin pricks.
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c. Tests: After the history and exam, your doctor may order
additional tests to confirm and document the diagnosis of CTS if
surgery is being considered. These include standard wrist or carpal
tunnel x-rays; a nerve conduction test and an electromyogram are
an objective means of making a definitive diagnosis.
5. Treatment
a. Treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome usually begins with a wrist
splint, medications, or a combination of the two. These simple, non-
surgical treatments help at least temporarily in many cases,
especially if symptoms are mild. Splints and medications may also
function as an interim treatment they provide some measure of relief
if you are going to have surgery.
b. Splints: Flexing the wrist downward or extending it up worsens
CTS symptoms because this narrows the tunnel and puts more
pressure on the nerve. Both night splints and occupational
splints are designed to keep the wrist in a less extreme, or
"neutral", position. This may reduce the pressure in the tunnel and
relieve or prevent worsening of symptoms.
c. Medications: Medications are used to reduce swelling and
inflammation, and therefore ease pressure on the median nerve.
Non -steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are taken orally as
directed by your doctor. Or a steroid drug may be injected directly
into the carpal tunnel. A single injection may bring relief for months,
or it may need to be repeated. (If the injections provide relief, this
generally confirms a diagnosis of CTS.) In some cases, diuretics
(water pills) or pyridoxine (vitamin B-6) may help.
d. Surgery: may be recommended if you have severe pain, if you
have other symptoms that persist in spite of non -surgical treatment,
or if you are at risk of developing permanent nerve damage. Your
doctor will explain the procedure, its risks and complications, and
give you pre -op and post -op instructions, which may include
rehabilitation exercises to restore hand function.
e. The Procedure: The surgical procedure is called carpal tunnel
release. It takes 45 minutes to one hour, and is usually done as
same day surgery. While a tourniquet is on your arm, the transverse
ligament is divided to open up the carpal tunnel and relieve the
pressure on the nerve; thickened synovial tissue may also be
removed.
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12.9 FIRE SAFETY
Deaths, injuries, and property damage are caused by fires every year. On-the-
job fires are often the result of using poor judgment or not following fire safety
rules.
A. Causes of Fires
1. Flammable Liquids: Gasoline and solvents are extremely
dangerous. If you must use them:
a. Store them only in approved safety cans or storage cabinets. Be
sure they are labeled.
b. Keep them in areas that are well ventilated.
c. Store them away from heat or sparks.
d. Clean up spills right away.
e. Never smoke or light a match when you're near
flammable liquids or handling them.
f. Oily rags must be stored in a covered metal container with a self -
closing cover.
Spontaneous ignition happens when heat builds up in piles of
trash, damp waste or oily rags.
2. Arson: Some fires are started deliberately. If you see someone or
something suspicious, report it to your supervisor. Arson and arson
attempts shall be reported to the Fire Marshal's Office.
3. Smoking
a. Careless smoking can cause fires.
b. It is the policy of Monroe County that no one is to smoke in any
building or vehicle in Monroe County.
c. Smoke only in areas where smoking is allowed, outside the
building.
d. Use butt cans and ashtrays for cigarettes and matches.
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4. Burning Candles in county buildings cannot be left unattended.
Attended candles such as candles on birthday cakes are acceptable.
B. Prevention
1. Flammable Materials
a. Use approved storage containers that are properly grounded to
prevent static electricity.
b. Move flammables carefully, and only in approved containers.
c. Keep your work area free of drips and spills.
d. Follow the rules for disposing of containers and wastes.
e. Non -work related open flames are prohibited.
2. Check Equipment
a. Equipment and machinery should be thoroughly inspected at
regular intervals.
b. Check firefighting equipment regularly to make sure it will work if
you need it.
c. Keep your work area neat and uncluttered, free of flammable and
ignitable materials.
d. Be careful how you handle and store combustible materials.
e. Deposit oily rags in safety cans.
f. Smoke only in designated areas.
g. Stay out of prohibited areas.
C. Identify and Eliminate Fire Hazards
1. Employees are responsible for reporting unsafe conditions:
• Spills of flammable liquids
• Overloaded circuits, faulty connections, frayed, exposed wires
• Poor ventilation
• Dirty tools, equipment and machinery
• Messy trash areas
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• Oily rags that are not covered
• Clogged flues and pipes
• Broken firefighting equipment
• No ashtrays in designated smoking areas
• Open flames
2. Take action yourself.
3. Clean equipment, tools and machinery.
4. Repair any equipment you're qualified to fix.
5. Prevent machinery from overheating.
6. Keep items that are flammable or combustible away from flames
and hot surfaces.
7. Repair or replace leaking tanks, pipes and gas lines.
8. Put oily rags in covered containers.
9. Wipe up spills.
10. Remove doorstops or wedges used under fire doors and report
broken fire doors or exits that are blocked or locked.
11. Don't let materials pile in corridors, stairwells and exit lanes.
12. Don't use portable space heaters indoors.
13. Keep flammable materials away from incompatible hazardous
materials i.e.; acids or store flammable gases near oxygen tanks.
14. In case of fire especially when hazardous materials are involved:
a. Use the evacuation plan for your work area.
b. Head for the designated fire exit.
c. Use a secondary exit if the first is blocked.
d. Close doors behind you as you go.
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e. Inform responding fire department of the hazardous materials
involved.
D. Fire Equipment
1. Fire Extinguishers
a. Fire extinguishers are your first line of defense in a fire.
b. Know the location of the closest fire extinguisher.
c. Don't try to use a fire extinguisher unless you've been trained.
d. Learn which fire extinguisher to use on what kind of fire.
e. Most fire extinguishers are rated for more than one kind of fire.
2. Other Fire Equipment- Find out where other emergency equipment
is located, such as:
a. First aid kit
b. Stretcher
c. Fire blanket
d. Respiratory protection
3. Fire Safety Checklist
a. Is your work area neat and uncluttered, free of trash?
b. Is wiring safely insulated and grounded?
c. Are flammable liquids stored safely in approved containers?
d. Are combustibles kept away from heat and sparks?
e. Are spills wiped up promptly?
f. Are tools, equipment and machinery clean and in good repair?
g. Do you smoke only in designated areas, and always use
ashtrays?
h. Are the right extinguishers available?
I. Are exits and passageways clear and unobstructed?
j. Do you know the right evacuation procedure and the closest exit?
It's your responsibility to keep yourself, your coworkers and your work
area safe from fire. Your job and your life may depend on it.
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E. Good Housekeeping is the Key to Fire Safety
1. Make it a part of your work routine to clean up as you go.
2. Put trash in the proper container.
3. Keep the floor clear of spills, trash, shavings, and filings.
4. Keep storage areas clean, with bins stacked in an orderly way.
5. Keep walkways and exists free of obstructions.
6. Make sure electric equipment is inspected and protected.
7. Keep your tools and equipment clean and well -cared for.
8. Ensure your clothing and personal protective equipment is clean
and in good shape.
9. Fire extinguishers should be located nearby and ready to use.
F. In Case of Fire
1. Report it! - Call 911 (On County Phones dial 9 first then 911 (9-911)
If you detect smoke or a fire:
a. Warn your coworkers.
b. Close any fire doors.
c. Report fires immediately, no matter what size it is. The longer
you wait, the more dangerous the fire can be to you and your
coworkers.
d. Stay calm, and evacuate the area or building. Go to your
predesignated evacuation location. Wait for orders from your
supervisor or the fire fighters.
e. When fire fighters arrive, direct them to the fire area. Warn them
of any special hazards you know about.
f. Familiarize yourself with the fire emergency procedures for your
facility before a fire.
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g. Fight it! IF YOU ARE TRAINED If it is a small fire, you may try to
fight it after you report it.
2. To fight a small fire:
• Use the right fire extinguisher.
• Break the seal and remove the pin from the fire extinguisher.
• Stay 8 to 10 feet from the fire.
• Press the lever and aim the fire extinguisher nozzle or horn at the
base of the flames. Sweep the base of the fire.
• Continue with a steady stream, not short bursts.
Don't try to use a fire extinguisher unless you've been trained in which
one to use and how to use it.
3. Exit the Area
a. If the fire is large and out of control, escape may be your best
choice.
b. Move quickly, but don't panic.
c. Don't use elevators. You could get trapped inside if the power
fails. Take the stairs instead.
d. Use the evacuation plan for your work area.
e. Head for the designated fire exit.
f. Use a secondary exit if the first is blocked.
g. Close doors behind you as you go.
G. Classes of Fires and Type Fire Extinguishers to be Used
Fires are grouped into four general classes, each of which can be extinguished
by a particular type fire extinguisher. Fire extinguishing agents are developed
for use on specific classes of fires. This classification system makes it possible
to determine what type fire extinguisher is suited for fighting a particular kind or
class of fire. The four general classes of fires are "A", "B", "C", and "D", and are
explained as follows:
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
1. CLASS "A" FIRES will be effectively and safely extinguished by
water, foam, loaded stream and soda -acid type fire extinguishers, for fires
occurring in WOOD, PAPER AND RAGS.
2. CLASS "B" FIRES occurring in FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, such as
GASOLINE and OTHER FUELS, SOLVENTS, GREASES OR SIMILAR
SUBSTANCES, can be extinguished by using foam, Carbon dioxide
(CO2) and dry chemical, and loaded stream type extinguishers.
3. CLASS "C" FIRES occurring in ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT requires
the use of a fire extinguisher agent that does not conduct electricity back
to the operator when in use. The Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and dry chemical
type fire extinguisher agents DO NOT CONDUCT ELECTRICITY AND
WILL BE USED FOR EXTINGUISHING ELECTRICAL FIRES. NEVER
USE water, foam or loaded stream type extinguishers on electrical fires.
4. CLASS "D" FIRES occur in COMBUSTIBLE METALS, such as
magnesium, potassium, powdered aluminum, zinc, sodium, titanium,
zirconium, and lithium. This fire is extinguished by special powdered
compounds usually thrown by hand or dispensed by cartridge -type fire
extinguishers with a specially compounded agent for combustible metal
fires. It is not likely you will be required to fight this type fire in County
work.
5. THE ABC DRY CHEMICAL -TYPE FIRE EXTINGUISHER can be
used on all "A", "B", "C" classes of fires with safety. This fire extinguisher
is widely distributed in County buildings, facilities, and area for use.
Detailed instruction and training in use and operation of fire extinguishers
should be provided to employees on a scheduled basis.
12.10 BOMB THREAT
A. Plan of action to be taken in the event of a bomb threat
1. All employees have the responsibility to familiarize themselves
with the following procedures and be prepared to react to a bomb threat
in a calm, systematic and expeditious manner.
2. Employees should review bomb threat procedures yearly to
familiarize themselves.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
3. "Handling The Bomb Threat" telephone procedure cards will be
placed under all office telephones, or posted in a conspicuous place
near all telephones.
4. Upon the arrival of emergency responders a system of Incident
Command is set up. The incident commander is in direct control of all
activities within the facility. Until the Incident Commander gives the "all
clear" the facility is off limits to all employees.
B. How To Handle The Threat
1. An employee who receives a telephone bomb threat should
obtain as much information as possible as indicated on the telephone
card and then immediately:
a. Contact 9-1-1 (You must first dial a "9")...... 9-911
b. Assign an employee to go door to door to notify all personnel
to initiate evacuation procedures. (If the caller did not specify
which area of the building the bomb is in all personnel must look
around their area for unusual packages.)
c. Look around your work area for unusual packages before
evacuating.
d. Complete "Handling the Bomb Threat" card after evacuating to
the off -site assembly area.
e. Notify Incident Command of the information filled out on your
card.
2. Any employee who receives a written bomb threat should secure
all materials, including envelopes or containers (handle as little as
possible)
a. Call your supervisor if available to determine the following
action
b. Contact 9-1-1 (You must first dial a "9")...... 9-911
c. Assign an employee to go door to door to notify all personnel
to initiate evacuation procedures.
d. Notify Incident Command of the location of the written threat.
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3. Any employee who finds a suspicious container, package,
envelope, box, etc.
a. Call your supervisor if available to determine the following
action
b. Contact 9-1-1 (You must first dial a "9")..... 9-911
c. Assign an employee to go door to door to notify all personnel
to initiate evacuation procedures.
d. Notify Incident Command of the location of the package.
4. Do Not Touch Anything Suspicious
C. Bomb Threat Evacuation Procedures
1. Each department shall establish a (safety) representative for all
County facilities.
2. Each representative will locate an off -site assembly area no less
than 300 ft from their facility.
3. The representative from each area shall be responsible to
account for each employee within that section and account for their
arrival at the assembly area.
4. If a bomb threat is called into a County facility without a specific
location of the bomb a representative from the person receiving the
threat shall be assigned to go door to door to notify personnel to initiate
evacuation procedures and check your work area for unusual
packages before exiting. If an unusual package is in your specific area
notify Incident Command immediately (room number, type of package,
location of package, etc.)
5. Bomb threat evacuation routes shall be the same as fire
evacuation routes posted on safety bulletin boards throughout County
buildings.
6. All employees are to immediately evacuate the work area (take
your purse & car keys) and proceed to their pre -assigned assembly area.
ALL OFFICE DOORS ARE TO BE CLOSED AND LEFT UNLOCKED.
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7. Employees will remain at the off -site assembly area until given the
"all clear'.
DO NOT USE FIRE ALARM TO NOTIFY EVACUATION UNLESS TIME
OF DETONATION DOES NOT PERMIT. i.e., "A bomb is going off within
two minutes."
DO NOT USE RADIOS OR CELLULAR PHONES AS A FORM OF
COMMUNICATION DURING A BOMB THREAT(They can trigger a
bomb device.)
12.11 ELECTRICAL SAFETY
The power of electricity can be dangerous if it's not used correctly. Electrical
energy can damage property and ignite fires. It can also hurt and even kill.
Sound safety practices can help minimize electrical hazards and cut down on
the risk of accidents. The hazard of electrical energy can't be eliminated, but it
can be controlled through education and engineering.
The body can receive an electric shock if a grounded surface and hazardous
electrical equipment is touched at the same time. The shock happens when
current from the electrical equipment flows through the body to the ground.
The flow of electric current is what causes the shock. Just a small amount can
hurt or kill. For instance, a small night -light with a 6-watt bulb draws .05
ampere, and even that small amount of current can be fatal.
A. Electric current can injure when it flows through the body. Electric
shock can cause:
1. Breathing to stop
2. Paralyze nerve centers
3. Nerves and muscle tissues to be burned
4. Heart beat interruption
5. Internal bleeding
6. Burns caused by electrical flashes or fires.
7. Injuries when machinery starts suddenly.
8. Falls from losing balance when shocked.
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B. Protecting Yourself
1. Only trained, qualified and authorized employees are permitted to
work on electrical equipment.
2. An electrician should check equipment, tools, machines and lights to
make sure they operate according to electrical code requirements.
3. Extension cords and appliance cords should be in good repair and
properly rated for the way they're intended to be used. Always use 3-
prong plugs.
4. Protect circuits with Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters where
required.
5. Close electrical control panels and covering receptacle boxes.
6. Avoid touching water, damp surfaces, ungrounded metal and bare
wires if you're not protected.
7. Avoid working in and around wet or damp conditions, equipment
and electrical currents that aren't grounded, and wires that aren't
insulated.
8. Always use equipment and tools the way they're intended to be
used.
9. Report immediately any damaged or defective equipment, power
hand tools or machinery.
10. Look for posted signs that identify electrical components and related
hazards.
11. Protective Equipment/Procedures
Don't wear metal jewelry that might make contact with electric current.
12. Wear eye protection where required.
13. Wear rubber -soled shoes or boots on damp or wet surfaces.
14. Wear safety -approved rubber and leather gloves when you
work with electricity.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
C. Prevent Electrical Fires!
1. Installation: Install electrical equipment the right way.
2. Inspect: Check equipment periodically to make sure it's working
right and not overloaded.
3. Maintenance: Machines and equipment you work with should be
maintained on a scheduled basis. Keep them clean and free from oil, dust
and residue.
4. Communication: Report immediately any hazards, damaged and
defective equipment, tools or machinery.
D. Electrical Safety Checklist
1. Read warning signs. They're posted to inform and protect you.
2. Study the operation manual for tools and equipment before you use
them, then follow instructions.
3. Light your work safely with extension lamps that have
nonconductive handles, sockets and guards.
4. Take care of extension cords so they don't twist or break. Make sure
they're out of the way, so they won't get walked on.
5. Disconnect cords by grasping the plug. Don't ya4* pull them out by
the cord.
6. Watch for makeshift wiring that can cause shocks and fires.
7. Follow lockout and tagout procedures before you begin repairs.
Move the switch into the "Off' position. Test equipment with meters. Are
you sure the circuit is dead?
8. Use Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters.
9. Choose battery -powered tools wherever possible, especially when
you're working outside.
10. Report immediately any defective or damaged equipment,
machinery, tools or wiring to your supervisor.
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E. Identify Hazards
1. Wiring: Connections and ground wires should be tight and free from
breaks.
2. Insulation: There should be no worn spots or breaks that could
cause shocks. Cords and extension cords should be in good shape?
3. Belts and Gears: Look for excess tension or binding that can cause
a power overload.
4. Personal Protective Equipment: Hand and foot protectors should be
kept in good repair and readily available. "
5. Machinery: Look for overloading, too much vibration or motor
obstructions. •�-�v► •
6. Equipment - Make sure equipment and power hand tools work 4 "`
properly and are free of defects or damage.
F. Electrical Safety Tips Electrical current can cause damage and injury
and can be deadly. It's your job to stay safe when working with electricity!
1. Make sure all electrical equipment is grounded.
2. Use Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters.
3. Use battery -powered tools wherever possible, especially when
working outside. A
4. Examine all tools and personal protective equipment before you use Ll
them.
5. Follow lockout and tagout procedures.
6. Use machinery and tools the way they're designed to be used.
7. Report unsafe machinery, tools and electric appliances. Don't use
them until they've been repaired.
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G. General Electrical Safety Rules
1. Electrical Wires and Extension Cords, treat all electric wires as live
wires.
a. Do not drag cords over sharp edges or run cables across aisles
where hand trucks can damage them.
b. Keep electric cables away from steam and hot water lines which
can damage the insulation.
c. Keep cords clean. Never allow an extension cord to lay in water,
oil, grease or solvents. Wipe cords clean before using.
d. Excessive scraping, kinking and stretching will cause damage to
power cables causing premature failures and possible shock or
burns.
2. Electrical Equipment
a. Grounds provided on electrical apparatus shall not be
disconnected or broken.
b. Shock, no matter how slight, is a warning something is wrong.
Danger tag the equipment and have it checked before re -using.
3. Electrical Repairs
a. Ensure the current is off before attempting to make electrical
repairs and lock it out.
b. Exercise care in removing or replacing light or power fuses -- use
fuse pullers.
c. Live wire work is defined as work on wires, switches, starters,
panels or other electrical equipment while the potential of 25 volts or
more of electricity is present.
d. No live wire work will be performed.
e. Unless you are an electrician, do not attempt repairs on electrical
equipment. Call the experts.
f. All electrical installations will be installed and maintained in
accordance with provisions of the National Electrical Code, NFPA.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
g. Persons working around electrical circuits will not wear watches,
rings, or other metallic objects which could act as conductors of
electricity.
h. Personnel will treat low voltage systems with the same respect
as high voltage circuits. Severe shock resulting in death can be
caused by contact with lines carrying low voltages.
I. Care will be taken to avoid contacting low voltage lines when
working on poles, ladders or in other high places; the shock may be
sufficient to cause the workers to lose footing and fall.
j. The first rule to remember when performing maintenance or
repairs on electrical equipment is: Turn the current off/Lock it out.
k. When it is necessary to wear safety gloves, only those designed
for electrical work will be used. Gloves will be inspected for cuts,
punctures or signs of wear. Never use safety gloves with voltages
higher than the gloves' insulation rating.
I. To avoid cutting or tearing rubber electrical gloves, personnel will
wear the leather liner over their safety gloves when actually working
on high -voltage equipment.
m. All rubber goods used in electrical work will be given an annual
voltage test except that rubber gloves in active use will be tested
every 3 months.
n. Report to your Supervisor any leaking steam or water joints
which are near any motors or other electrical apparatus.
o. If you find sparking or smoking motors or other electrical
equipment malfunctions, turn off the power and report the condition
at once.
p. Only qualified and authorized electricians will install and maintair
electrical facilities and power lines. Two qualified employees will
work together when high voltage circuits or energized circuits of any
voltage are involved.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
12.12 VEHICLE SAFETY
A. Seatbelt Use is Mandatory Safety belts improve your chances of
traveling safely.
1. Many injuries and deaths occur when a person inside the car
collides with:
a. The steering wheel
b. The dashboard
c. The windshield and frame
d. A door
e. A window
f. The roof
g. Other passengers
2. A safety belt stops this "human collision" by holding you in place.
3. Safety belts keep you behind the wheel --ready to react, if
necessary.
B. Prevent Minor Injuries
1. Hew To Use Safety Belts Properly
2. A safety belt can only protect you if it's used and used properly.
C. Adjust The Belt: so it fits snugly over the hip bones. Your hips can
absorb maximum force when the belt is adjusted properly. Make sure there is a
maximum of one inch of space between your chest and the shoulder harness.
Excess space will allow your head to hit the wheel, dash or windshield.
1. Provide enough belts for each membeF of your family and regular
riders. (Each person needs a separate one.) Make sure belts are in
proper working condition.
2. Ask passengers in the front and rear seats to use their belts. Any
unbelted person can be injured --or injure others --in a crash.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
3. Don't Start the Car until all belts are fastened. Any extra belts should
be secured so they won't cause injury in a crash.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
D. General Vehicle Safety Rules
General
ON A NATIONAL LEVEL, DEATHS FROM MOTOR VEHICLE
ACCIDENTS TOTAL ABOUT 48,000 ANNUALLY. County employees
operate vehicles of all types on rural roads, on state and national
highways and on city streets. THERE ARE CERTAIN BASIC SAFE
DRIVING PRACTICES YOU MUST FOLLOW TO AVOID ACCIDENTS.
a. Safe Driver: A driver of a County vehicle is responsible for
operating it in a safe manner and is charged with complying with all
driving rules and regulations and the safe driving practices
prescribed by their Supervisor.
b. Valid Florida License: Only trained and approved personnel
possessing a valid State of Florida driver's license will be allowed to
operate County vehicles.
c. Commercial Driver's License (CDL): An employee driving
vehicles that require specific CDL license can not perform their
driving responsibilities without the appropriate classification of COL.
d. Safety Belts: The wearing of Safety Belts while driving a County
vehicle IS MANDATORY.
e. County Employees only: At no time is a County vehicle to carry
riders or passengers other than County employees or other
authorized personnel in the capacity of performing County related
duties.
f. Overloading with passengers: Except in cases of emergencies,
no more than two employees shall ride in a truck or tractor cab.
2. Vehicle Accident: If a County vehicle is involved in an accident;
a. Immediately notify your Supervisor
b. Notify the appropriate law enforcement agency.
c. In case of a serious accident involving personal injury, call an
ambulance.
d. County employees must comply with all Drug -free -workplace
policies in the event of an accident.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
e. Do not discuss the accident with anyone but law enforcement,
your Supervisor or County investigative personnel.
f. Do not move the accident vehicle or equipment until so instructed
by the police.
See also Chapter 6
3. Safe Driving Practices
a. CONCENTRATE ON DRIVING. A good driver dismisses his
worries or anger when he enters the vehicle.
b. Never take drugs or strong medications before driving. Drugs,
illness or fatigue may affect your ability to judge distances, speed
and driving conditions and slow your reaction time. Employees
must comply with the Drug Free Workplace Guidelines for drugs
that may impair vision or judgment while operating vehicles.
c. NEVER PRESS FOR THE RIGHT OF WAY - Always limit your
vehicle speed so that there is a clear space and time for an
emergency stop. High speed drivers have less time to think and act
in an emergency and a far greater distance is required to stop.
d. SLOW DOWN in dense traffic or thickly settled areas
e. Adjust speed for poor visibility and weather conditions.
f. Smoking is prohibited in County Vehicles.
g. SLOW DOWN at intersections or curves. USE APPROPRIATE
SIGNALS well in advance of any action. Signal early and slow down
gradually.
h. Cell phone use: See section 12.23
E. Vehicle Inspection by Operators
All vehicles shall be inspected by the operator prior to its use to assure all
parts, equipment and accessories are in safe and proper operating condition
and free of any apparent damage or defect that, in the opinion of the operator
of a duly appointed individual making the inspection, may cause failure while in
use.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
1. Daily: Systems Check
a. Service brakes, including trailer brake connections, if necessary.
Test brakes after riding through water or puddles or driving during
heavy rain.
b. Parking System (hand brake).
c. Emergency stopping system (brakes).
d. Check coupling devices.
e. Seat belts.
f. Operating control (oil pressure gauges, etc.)
g. Safety devices including horn, tires, steering mechanism, and
windshield wipers.
2. Daily: Visual Inspection
a. Does your vehicle sit level?
b. Are there any fresh oil or fuel spots underneath?
c. Is there any broken glass?
d. Are there wet spots where water has been leaking?
e. Look for any change in the appearance in the vehicle since you
last saw it.
3. Weekly: Pre -start check
a. Check oil in engine crankcase and fill as necessary.
b. Check water in radiator and battery and fill as necessary.
c. Raise hood or cab if necessary to check all belts for slippage
and/or excessive wear.
d. Lower and secure hood or cab.
4. General Check
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
a. These requirements apply to equipment such as lights,
reflectors, defrosters, fire extinguishers, tire jack, etc., where such
equipment is installed.
b. Drivers will also wipe off windshields, side and back glass, lights
and reflectors when conditions warrant.
c. No vehicle or equipment shall be put into services until any de-
fect or safety violation likely to cause an accident or breakdown has
been corrected.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
F. Parking
1. Vehicles should be parked off the traveled way where they will not
interfere with the normal flow of traffic and will not obstruct the view of
other drivers.
2. When parking, remove the ignition key, put the transmission in park
or the lowest gear and firmly set the parking brake. Turn the front wheels
toward the curb, or chock at least one rear wheel if parked on a hill.
3. Do not leave a vehicle running without being in the driver's seat
(except diesel fuel vehicles performing a task or with Power Take Off
(PTO) devices.
G. Drive Defensively
1. While driving in city traffic, be alert for mistakes or unexpected
actions of others, drive more slowly and KEEP ALERT for pedestrians
and cross traffic.
2. Drive at a speed which permits stopping within the visibility range of
your headlights. Keep headlight beams depressed to reduce reflected
glare caused by fog, rain or wet pavement.
12.13 POISONOUS SNAKES, SCORPIONS, AND SPIDERS
A. General
1. Most snake bites are due to handling and carelessness. Use
common sense and think when working in the field and under brush. Use
a machete or transit rod to push through underbrush. 98% of all bites are
on extremities, such as hands, arms, legs and ankles. Use extreme care
when you go into heavy brush where the ground is not visible. When in
such places, wear heavy boots or leggings, the same for being around
marsh ponds, water lilies and tall grass. Never remove shoes in the
woods. 50% of bites received are when barefooted or in tennis shoes.
2. Most snake bites result from handling than other careless actions.
Approximately 45,000 snake bite accidents occur each year in the United
States. Venomous, or poisonous snakebites account for 20% of that
total. Although mortality is low, the high incidence of crippling injuries to
the bitten extremity (mostly by pit -vipers - rattlesnakes, water moccasins,
and copperheads) is of great concern. More than half the cases of
venomous snake bites take place in Texas, North Carolina, Florida,
Georgia and Louisiana.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
3. Snake Bites
a. Snake bites cause many complications and prolonged illness.
The most important step is to get the snake bite victim to the
hospital as soon as possible. If possible kill the snake and take it
with you to the hospital.
b. Keep the victim from moving around. Keep the victim as calm as
possible preferably in a lying position and prepare for immediate
transportation to the hospital. Do not give the victim any alcohol,
sedatives, aspirin, or any medicine containing aspirin. CARRY THE
VICTIM TO THE HOSPITAL. DO NOT LET THE VICTIM WALK.
B. Precautions
1. Always wear pants outside boots, never inside and try to wear heavy
material such as Levi's or dungarees, as heavy material has been known
to deflect the aim of striking fangs.
2. Never place your hands into heavy underbrush or wood piles
without carefully looking first.
3. When sitting, always look down and behind you first. A snake bite
on the rear is the most dangerous, due to the inability to apply a
tourniquet.
4. Never step over a log or tree lying on the ground, but step on the log
or tree and view the other side first. Never wade across a stream full of
hyacinths without probing ahead.
5. Never attempt to catch poisonous snakes or reptiles, as many
workers in Florida do. Leave snake catching to Herpetologists and
experts.
6. Around the home, clean up trash piles, weedy lots, wood and
concrete piles, cut down palmettos.
7. On construction jobs or clearing activities, check your equipment,
clothing and materials left on the ground or in trucks, poke with a stick or
tool to be sure no snakes are hiding. Always be careful when first going
to your tractor and parked equipment left beside roadsides. Rattlesnakes
like to coil under and around tractors and mowing machines since they
like the heat and warmth of the engine left from the night before.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
8. When staking or surveying in the field, always avoid gopher holes,
use your boot heel to cave in the front of the hole.
C. Snakes To Beware Of
There are hundreds of harmless and beneficial snakes in the woods of Florida
that keep down our rodent population. Only four are poisonous: Rattlesnakes,
(3 sub -species). Pygmy ground and Eastern Diamondback are found
throughout the state. The Canebrake Rattler is found in northwest Florida.
Cottonmouth - statewide. Copperhead - northern Florida (rare), and the Coral
Snake - found statewide.
Copperhead and Pygmy Rattlers are not usually fatal, however, use extreme
care, and go on the assumption that they are fatal. Only the Eastern
Diamondback, Cottonmouth, Canebrake Rattlesnakes are extremely dangerous
and are fatal. The Coral Snake which is the only neurotoxic reptile, is the most
fatal of all the poisonous snakes. No insect or lizard is fatal around Florida, so
get to know the four poisonous snakes by identity. Poisonous snakes mostly
travel early in the morning and late evenings. Each harmless snake killed
leaves room for another poisonous snake. Do not kill harmless snakes.
Most Common Florida Snakes:
EASTERN DIAMONDBACK RATTLESNAKE BITE
This is the largest and the most dangerous in the US Severe bites cause
many complications and prolonged illness. Whether a direct bite,
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
puncture, or slight scratch, the employee should go to the hospital for
routine observation and treatment, if necessary. Always kill the snake
and take it to the hospital if possible.
For treatment when bitten, immediately tie a constricting band above the
bite, lightly, 15 minutes on and 5 minutes off. Move the constrictor as the
swelling increases.
Keep movement at a minimum. If coworker is bitten, apply first -aid, call
for help in obtaining transportation to the hospital. Bring the
transportation to the victim if at all possible, to minimize movement.
2. PYGMY RATTLESNAKE BITE
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Ik
This snake's bite is rarely fatal to man. The bite is painful and will destroy
surface tissues.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
Treatment is almost the same as with the Eastern Diamondback, using
constrictor, small surface cut, suction and ice. Do not suction orally. Use
mechanical suction. Pack in ice as soon as possible. Use your chemical
ice pack. Always kill the snake, if possible, and take to the hospital, as
often times the Pygmy is mistaken for a small Eastern Diamondback.
3
FLORIDA COTTONMOUTH AND FLORIDA COPPERHEAD
Owl
Do not use constricting band (tourniquet). Apply suction for 30 minutes
and cut the surface tissue only the same as the rattlesnake family. Do not
suction orally. Use mechanical suction. Physicians caution against
capillary destruction, so keep circulation moving through the bitten area,
due to fatty acids, high iodine content and enzyme action. Get victim to a
hospital as quickly as possible.
El
EASTERN CORAL SNAKE BITE
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
Immediately IMMOBILIZE the victim completely. If not possible to
immobilize the victim, then completely splint the bitten area well above
and below the bite, and rush to a hospital. Kill the snake if possible, and
take it to the hospital, as often times the Scarlet King Snake and Scarlet
Snake are mistaken for the neurotoxic Coral. Both of these have red
noses where the Coral Snake has a black nose; also, only afe the Coral
Snake has red bands adjacent to yellow.
D. Treatment Information
Treatment with Wyeth Coral Snake antivenom, which is distributed by either
State Health Department Poison Centers or Ross Allen's Reptile Institute free
of charge and at all hospitals upon request. The Florida Highway Patrol will
relay across State in the event of a bite.
Even the slightest scratch or break of the skin should be hospitalized, since if
the patient feels no pain with a Coral snake bite, he may think he had not been
bitten seriously. Coral snake venom is not painful as is the Rattlesnake and the
Cottonmouth venom, and the effects are not noticed until numbness and a
coma suddenly hit approximately two hours later.
Cleanse the area with germicidal soap and water to remove any venom on the
skin. Place constrictor above the bite in the same manner as a Rattlesnake
bite, lightly for 15 minutes on and 5 minutes off, and suction for 30 minutes
not suction orally use mechanical suction), even though there is no evidence of
venom if there is a fang puncture. This general information applies only to
treatment given by the physician at the hospital. Your responsibility is to
provide first aid and get the victim to the hospital without delay.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
E. Field First Aid For Snakebites
Very few people die from snakebites. However, anyone who is bitten by a
snake should get medical help quickly. If EMS is more than 30 minutes away,
transport the victim to medical care in another vehicle if possible.
F. Bites And Stings
Reassure the victim and keep him or her still until EMS arrives. Keeping still
will slow down absorption of the snake venom, as will keeping the bitten area
below the level of the heart. If the bite is on an arm or leg, splint. Be alert to
prevent shock.
Try to remember what the snake looked like, so you can tell EMS.
SCORPIONS
Scorpions occur throughout Florida and should be easily recognized by
their large pincers near the head and by their tin tail carried over the back.
They range in size from 1 to 5 inches, depending on the species, with
colors ranging from yellowish -brown to black. The arched tail ends in a
bulb -like poison gland equipped with a stinger. And that's what can hurt
you. Forget those pincers. They are used only for holding food, which
might be small insects, spiders, centipedes, other scorpions or
earthworms. Scorpions hide under stones, bark of fallen trees, boards,
firewood or other objects that lay on the ground.
Although individual reactions to the stings may vary, it is important to seek
medical assistance immediately if a person, particularly a child, has a
severe reaction to a scorpion sting. Ice packs or alcohol swabs applied to
the sting area are normally the suggested first -aid treatments.
Chemical control for scorpions is not particularly effective. If you
encounter one outdoors, hit it with a rock. If you see one indoors, step on
it, but make sure you're wearing shoes.
2. SPIDERS
The BLACK WIDOW SPIDER is found outdoors in all kinds of protected
cavities. Around homes she prefers garages, gas and electric meter
boxes, furniture and many other unbothered places. A Black Widow bite
feels like a pin prick and sometimes is not even felt. Usually, a slight local
swelling and two red dots surrounded by local redness indicate the
location of the bite. Pain becomes intense in 1 to 3 hours and may
continue up to 48 hours. Symptoms include abdominal pains, a rise in
blood pressure, nausea, profuse perspiration, leg cramps, tremors,
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
loss of muscle tone and vomiting. The toxin also causes breathing
difficulties and sometimes unconsciousness.
The BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER is a non -aggressive creature that spins
a white or grayish, nondescript web. Its body and legs cover an area
about the size of a quarter and its color varies from an orange -yellow to
dark brown to almost black. The most distinguishing characteristics of
this spider are its eyes and its back markings. It has three pairs of eyes
arranged in a semicircle on the forepart of the head. The eyes also form
the base of a violin -shaped marking on its back. The Brown Recluse
often lives around human dwellings and is found in bathrooms, bedrooms,
closets, as well as under furniture, behind baseboards and door facings or
in corners and crevices. It also seems to prefer cluttered garages.
Sometimes people are bitten while asleep; others may be bitten by
spiders in stored clothing. Usually the bite causes a stinging sensation
and then intense pain. Within 24 to 36 hours, a systemic reaction may
occur, characterized by restlessness, fever, chills, nausea, weakness and
joint pain. The bite also produces a small blister surrounded by a large
congested and swollen area. The venom usually kills the affected tissue,
which gradually sloughs away and exposes underlying tissue. Healing
may take 6 to 8 weeks, leaving scars that might require plastic surgery to
repair.
If you are bitten by either of these spiders, seek medical aid immediately
12.14 POISONOUS PLANTS
A. General
There are more than 60 varieties of poisonous plants in the United States which
may cause irritation to the skin. Plants that cause epidermal irritations such as
redness, rashes, swelling and localized pain, normally have saps that are toxic
when they are rubbed on the skin of sensitive people.
B. Poisonous Plants In Our Area:
Crown of Thorns
Candelabra Cactus
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
Pencil Cactus
Poinsettia
Mango
Poisonwood
Aralia
Lime Trees
Oyster Plant
Purple Queen
Century Plant
Elephant's Ear
Giant Elephant's Ear
Golden Pathos
Florida Holly
Manchineel
Poison Ivy
C. Plants Which Are Toxic When Eaten:
Yellow Allamanda
Castor Bean
Dumbcane
Rubber Vine
Angels Trumpet
Sandbox Tree
Oleander (Smoke from burning this plant is poisonous)
Physic Nut
Bellyache Bush
Coral Plant
Chinaberry
Ochrosia Plum
Chalice Vine
Yellow Oleander
Manchineel
Lantana
D. Plants That Cause Respiratory Problems: which are similar to asthma
symptoms, include:
Florida Holly
Punk Tree (Melaluca)
The above is not a complete list. Some individuals may suffer no adverse
effects from contact with plants on this list.
12-52
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
IMPORTANT!!!
Safety Tips for Parents
In Rorida we have many beautiful plants in our houses, yards,
parks and schools. Some can be dangerous The ingestion or
contact with some of these plants may cause symptoms such as,
skin, eye and rnouth inritation, pain, breathing problems, allergic
reactions, stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhea or even death:
Most accidental ingestions occur in children under six (6)
years of age.
Do You know the names of the plants you or year
neighbors hare?
Do You know which plants are poisonous?
What will you do if a person is exposed to
a poisonous plant?
YOU CAN HELP PREVENT POISONING ACCIDENTS FROM PLANTS BY
1. Recognizing the plants in your surroundings. Knowing which
are potentially poisonous. Purchasing non -toxic plants.
Keeping a list of toxic and non -toxic plants in your area.
2 Teaching children that putting leaves, stems, flowers, seeds,
berries or wild mushrooms in their mouths is dangerous.
3. Avoiding the use of "medicines" or "teas" made from plants
4. Keeping a bottle of Syrup of Ipecac in your house for each
child under the age of six (do not use unless instructed to do
so by your physician or the poison information center.) k
5. Keeping the poison information Center number [
I SW-282-3171 near your telephone.
6 Calling your doctor or the poison information center
as soon as the exposure occurs. It asked to go to the emer-
gency room take part at the plant, seeds or berries with
7. Never eating wild mushrooms and destroying mushrooms
_ that appear in the yard,
$ Using non -toxic plants indoors when there are children under
the age of six- --�
9. Learning more about the plants in your surroundings.
Poisonous Pis
Allemande
n-Pais now
Angers Trumpet
African Violet
Balsam Pear
Botts Brush
Brazilian Pepper
Bromeiofds
Caster Bean
Bcugakwitlet
Coral Plant
Christmas Cactus
Olaffanbachia
Corn Plant
Mushroom
Croton
Oleander
Dracaena
Pencil Trea
Gardenia
Philodendron
Impatiens
Physic Nut
Purple Passion
Poinsettia
Rubber Plant
Poison ivy
Spider Plant
Rosary Pea
Stsghom Fern
The%rx* F'— Ndct—
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IIi4iOTOGAAPNY ti�uRtmasfY ktQ/kai«ckAFd�rf� Pwron
►IMPORTANTE!
Medidas de Precaution para Las Padres
En Is Ronda tenemos muchisimas plantas hermosas an nues-
tros hogares, patios, parques y escuelas. Algunas pueden ser
peligrosas. lnjerir a tener contacto can algunas de estas plan-
tas puede causer sfrttomas, tales come: irritation o dolor an Is
pieL Ojos, boca; causer problemas respiratorios a reacciones
al6rgicas, dolor de estomago seguida par vomito o diarrea, que
puede ser fatal. La mayor parts de astos accidentas le ocurren
a nirfos menares de seis ahos de adad.
Xonoce lot nambres de les plantas que tiene
"sw o sus vecinos?
1conoce cumas de [as plantas son venenosas?
iSaW usted qui hater si fuese expo esto a une
plants venenosa?
USTED PUEDE PREVENIR ACCIDEMTES POR ENYENENAMIENTO
CAUSADOS POR P[ANTAS, Sk
1. Conoce Ias plantas de sus alrededores. Conoco Ias que
posiblemente sean venenosas. Compra plantas que no seen
venenosas.
_
i. Enseria a los nines qua rto—debIon- Ilevarse a la beta Ias
j
holes, tallos, flares, samillas, bayes o los hongas silvestres,
que puedan ser peligrosos.
i
3. Evita usar medfcinas o t6s hechos de plantas.
.
4. Mantiene un frasco de jarabe de ipecacuanha en su case,_
para cads nino menor do seis arios de edad (no Io admi-
nistra, a manes que reciba indicaciones de su medico a del
_ Centro para Control de Envenenamiento).
E
5 Mentions el numero 1 800 282-317t, del Contra pare
_Control de Enreeonen►iento cerca de su teldfone.
6. Lama a su medico a al Centro para Control de Envene-
4
namiento an cuanto hays side expuesto a una planta toxica,
pues Ins sintomas pueden tardar en ser evidentes isi as
necesarm que vays a la Sala de emergencia, Have parte de
la pranta, semilla o_boys ingerida).
_
7. Nunca consume lmngos silvestres (si tiene algunus en su
patio, destrayalosj.
"flano en su casa, plantas que no seen venenosas especialmente
si hay ni4os menores de seis ages de edad-
9. Aprende m6s sabre Ias plantas en su Iocalidad (tongs a mane-
_
-
una lista de Ias plantas venenosas qua alli reconozca).
Plaatss Yeneaosas afire no Bolt
Cope da Mfantequilta
Chamizco, Camparre
00-f—efia—Alneana
Cundeamor Bigots de Gato o Cepaio
Pimiento Raja, Copal de Botella
Higuereta Bromehas
Pine de Coral Buganville
Dichs, Mata Puerco Cacto de Navidad
Come Madera Plants do Man
Hongos Sirvestres Crow
Adolft, Rosa Froncesa Dracene
Polito China, Antena Gardenia
Malartga Inpaciento
Pinon Battle La Rot do to Paslon
Flor de Pascua Fiicus Comun
Guao Cintas
�.
Santa Juana, Peonia Astas de Cierva
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
E. PRECAUTIONS
It is not necessary to come in direct contact with these plants to get poisoning.
Pets may spread plant poisoning by rubbing against the plant and getting the
substance on their hair. You may get the poison from touching the animal. It
may also be transmitted from person to person by contact with clothing that has
rubbed across the plants. Shoes pick up the poison by contact and may retain
the poison for a year or longer.
In some cases, persons have contracted dermatitis from working on a car,
which had been driven through areas where poisonous plants were growing.
The best way to prevent plant poisoning is to learn to recognize the plants that
cause it and stay away from them. The poison is rapidly absorbed and fixed in
the skin so that it cannot be removed. When a person knows he has brushed
against or burned one of these poisonous plants, it is recommended that he
immediately wash the affected area with soap and water. Do not use a brush
or other rough material.
1. A commercially available product "TECNU" is very effective even if
used eight hours after contact.
Follow the wash with an alcohol sponging. This procedure may prevent
skin inflammation in those who are sensitive to ivy poisoning.
When you know you are going into an area where you are likely to come
in contact with these plants, as much of the body as possible should be
covered. Long sleeves tucked into heavy leather gauntlet gloves, slacks
or trousers tucked in boots or leggings, shirt collar turned up or scarf tied
around the neck. Do not touch the gloves or clothing, since the irritating
oils have been known to remain on clothing for as long as a year.
Clothing should be dry-cleaned because soap and water are not always
effective in removing the poison. Warn the person doing the dry cleaning
that the clothes have been exposed to poisonous plants.
2. Although creams and ointments are used in attempts to prevent
poison ivy irritation by covering exposed skin, these measures are of
doubtful value and of a temporary nature. Use protective clothing and
gloves.
Persons who are extremely sensitive to plant poisoning and whose
employment brings them in contact with poison plants should consult their
physicians for whatever help is available. Persons who develop more
than minor areas of ivy dermatitis should be under medical care.
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12.15 LIGHTNING STRIKE INJURY PREVENTION
It is important not to wait for the first lightning flash to
determine whether or not there is a danger. The approach of an
impending storm should be a cue to take safe shelter.
A. If you are caught in a storm while driving an automobile, remain inside.
The metal body around you protects you. A common misconception is that the
tires insulate the car. this is false: lightning can and will strike automobiles.
The electrical charge is transferred through the metal body, through the
suspension and arcs to the ground completing the discharge and dissipation
process.
B. If you are outdoors and lightning is impending, get indoors to a safe place.
Do not take cover under a tree. Stay away from fences. The metal fence is a
very good conductor of electricity.
C. If you are on the water, get below deck or in the cabin. If the boat does
not have a cabin, crouch down in the middle of the boat. If at all possible,
make shore before the storm reaches.
D. If you are indoors when a storm approaches, stay out of the shower or
bath. Both of these are connected to the metal vent pipes that run to the roof.
Do not use the phone unless it is an emergency. Many times phone lines are
connected to the electrical poles outside the house. These poles are favorite
targets of lightning. Telephone lines serve as a conductor for the resulting
current.
E. If caught out in the open without protective shelter, avoid being at the
highest point. Assume a crouched position with both feet close together. Do
not lie flat on the ground. A lightning strike will set up ground currents that will
travel through the body with enough energy to kill. Lightning can strike when a
storm is not apparent. If a build-up of electrical current is felt in your body (hair
standing up, chill up back etc.) the atmosphere is attempting to dispose of the
charges through you, crouch immediately.
REMINDER: LIGHTNING DOESN'T ALWAYS COME FROM THE SKY IT CAN
BE CONDUCTED UP FROM THE GROUND INTO THE ATMOSPHERE.
F. If someone is struck by lightning, a heartbeat and breathing are often
absent. Do not assume the victim is dead. Apply prompt cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR) and get immediate medical attention.
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12.16 MACHINE SHOP OPERATIONS
A. Machine Shop Safety
1. Use only those machines and equipment that you are qualified and
authorized to use and wear eye protection at all times where eye hazards
exist.
2. Before turning on a machine, make sure everyone is clear.
3. ALL GUARDS AND SAFETY DEVICES MUST BE IN PLACE and
adjusted properly before operating a machine.
4. DO NOT LEAVE AN OPERATING MACHINE UNATTENDED.
5. Machines must be stopped and power turned off before changing
chucks or loading heavy items into the chucks. Make sure the chuck is
tight and the chuck key is removed before restarting the machine.
6. Never brake or slow down a machine with your hands. Turn off the
power and WAIT. It will stop itself.
7. KEEP YOUR MACHINE CLEAN. Remove chips with a brush or
stick, not your hands.
8. Keep your area clean of oil, solvents and coolants. Slippery floors
and machinery do not mix.
9. Do not try to prove how strong you are. Get help to lift or move
heavy objects or use mechanical lifting equipment.
10. Do not wear neckties, loose or ragged clothing, long sleeves, gloves
or jewelry. They are hazardous near machinery. If not contained long
hair can be hazardous around rotating machinery. If the operator must
lower his head to get a better look, loose hair may get entangled in the
rotating parts and cause scalping. Wear a hat, hair net, tie it back, OR
GET IT CUT BEFORE THE MACHINE DOES IT FOR YOU!!
B. Grinding Wheels
1. Never use a grinder without a wheel guard. A broken wheel makes
an excellent unguided missile.
2. Safety glasses without side shields are not sufficient protection
when grinding. WEAR A FACE SHIELD.
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3. Cracked grinding wheels will be replaced, wheels dressed and
inspected periodically.
4. Proper clearance will be maintained between the wheel and guard.
5. Tool rests will be in place and clearance between the tool rest and
wheel will be adjusted to measure one -eighth of an inch from the wheel.
C. Drill Press
1. BE SURE that the work is securely bolted or clamped to the table, or
held in a vise or jig. DO NOT TRY TO HOLD IT BY HAND.
2. BE SURE that the table clamps are properly tightened so that the
table cannot move.
3. When setting up or removing work, SHUT OFF POWER, even
though the table or arm has been moved out of line.
4. When removing a drill from a socket clamped to the chuck, LOWER
THE SPINDLE so that the end of the drill is near the table BEFORE
LOOSENING THE SOCKET.
D. Lathes
When handling heavy chucks or face plates, use a lifting device.
2. If there is no lifting device near your lathe and the chuck or face
plate is too heavy to be handled by one person, GET HELP.
3. Always start the chuck beyond the circumference of a chuck. If
necessary, change or reverse the jaws.
4. After setting up or taking work out of the chuck, immediately remove
the wrench from the chuck.
5. When doing work on centers, be sure that the work is counter -sunk
deeply enough so that it cannot be thrown out of the lathe.
6. See that the tail stock is fastened to the lathe bed and the dead
center is properly lubricated.
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7. Use only safety type lathe dogs or those with flush set screws.
8. DO NOT HOLD emery cloth in your hand while polishing revolving
work. Use a wood block or jig for this purpose. Only use files with
handles.
9. When machine rods or bars that project beyond the head stock,
enclose the projecting portion in a stationary pipe supported on a suitable
stand.
10. The machining of irregularly shaped castings, crankshafts, and
similar objects where the tool is not in contact with the work during the
entire revolution of the chuck, IS EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS. The
operator MUST BE CONSTANTLY ON THE ALERT to avoid being caught
or struck by the work.
11. Do not knock chips off the tool or lean over the lathe to inspect the
work while it is running.
12.17 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
A. Gloves: On operations where gloves are necessary, wear the proper
type specified by your Supervisor.
B. Hard Hats: Hard hats are provided by the County to protect your head
against the danger of head injury from falling or flying objects, or from electrical
shock and burns. Be sure your hat is in good condition. Sheuld-love; and has a
chin strap. There is no protection if the hard hat is knocked off. If an area is
designated as "HARD HAT AREA" all persons entering these areas shall be
required to wear a hard hat.
C. Respirators
I. POLICY
It is the policy of Monroe County to protect its employees from hazardous
atmospheres through a comprehensive program of recognition; evaluation;
engineering, administrative and work practice controls; and personal protective
equipment, including respirators. To the greatest extent feasible, hazard
elimination and engineering and work practice controls shall be employed to
control employee exposure to within allowable exposure limits. However,
where these measures are not feasible or fully effective or are under
development, Monroe County shall provide appropriate respirators to affected
employees under this program. Monroe County is committed to full compliance
with applicable federal and state regulations pertaining to employee respiratory
protection.
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2. PURPOSE
The purpose of this program is to protect the health of Monroe County
employees who may be exposed to hazardous atmospheres in the conduct of
their work and to provide appropriate protection from these hazards, without
creating new hazards. This program sets forth the County's practices for
respirator use, provides information and guidance on the proper selection, use,
and care of respirators, and contains requirements for establishing and
maintaining a respirator program.
3. SCOPE
This program applies to all Monroe County employees who need to wear a
respirator to perform assigned duties. Examples of chemicals or operations that
pose potential respiratory hazards and involve respirator use are
Asbestos - Facilities Maintenance
Dust — Facilities Maintenance & Roads & Bridges
Spray Paint Operations — Fleet Management
Immediate Danger to Life & Health (IDLH) — Fire Rescue
Airborne/Bloodborne Pathogens — Fire Rescue
Herbicides — Roads & Bridges, Airport Maintenance
Household Waste — Solid Waste
4. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
General Manager — Employee Services Director - Supports the Respiratory
Protection Program and assigns a Respirator Administrator with responsibility
and resources to administer the program.
Respirator Administrator — Safety Administr Officer -
Has overall responsibility for the Respirator Protection Program including
monitoring respiratory hazards, and conducting program evaluations.
Has knowledge about respiratory protection and maintains an awareness
of current regulatory requirements and good practices.
Approves Respiratory Protection Programs for each operation that
involves use of respirators.
Approves training program for employees.
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Approves fit test procedures for employees
Approves respirator makes and models for use.
Performs employee exposure monitoring upon initial work in a potentially
hazardous atmosphere and whenever work conditions change that may
affect employee exposure.
Performs employee exposure monitoring in accordance with Federal and
State OSHA regulations
Uses generally accepted sampling techniques and analytical methods,
including generally accepted quality assurance and control measures.
Reports all findings to the supervisor within five days of receipt of
analytical results from the laboratory, at a minimum.
Upon request, performs surveys and makes recommendations for
hazard control.
Respirator Technician - Supervisor
Complete initial respirator training, refresher training and maintain
records. In addition, complete any recommended respirator
manufacturer training prior to servicing respirators and their components,
Perform and document semi-annual inspections of each air purifying
respirator and monthly inspections of each supplied air respirator issued
by the employer or maintained in its inventory.
Ensure that compressed breathing air cylinders are hydrostatically tested
on schedule.
Remove from service and tagout any defective respirator parts
Perform maintenance and repairs for respiratory protection equipment in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
Maintain an inventory of respirators and associated parts and equipment
in a clean, secure area.
Issue respirators when so directed in writing, inspecting to confirm that
the respirator or equipment is of the type specified in the respirator plan
or program.
Issue spectacle kits to employees who require corrective lenses with
their respirators.
Perform tests for compressed air quality and inspect breathing air
compressors periodically
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Supervisors
Initiate and approve a written Respiratory Protection Program for each
operation that involves respirator use
Complete the initial and respirator refresher training of the type attended
by employees under their supervision
Initiate safety briefings on respiratory protection issues at the start of
each new project or task that involves respiratory hazards for affected
employees under their supervision
Ensure that any use of respirators by employees under their supervision
is in accordance with this program and a written Respiratory Protection
Program and Worksite-Specific Respiratory Protection Plan that has
been approved by the Supervisor and the Respirator Administrator, or
designee
Record any complaints related to respirator usage, act promptly to
investigate the complaints, correct any hazards, and get medical
assistance, when indicated. Report first aid and medical treatment in
accordance with Monroe County procedures. Report every respirator
related incident to the Respirator Administrator before the end of the
work shift
Ensure that their employees have the requisite training, fit testing, and
medical clearances before authorizing them to wear any respirators
Prohibit any employee with lapsed or incomplete respirator clearances to
work in hazardous atmospheres. Enforce any restrictions imposed by the
occupational physician on individual employees, including the need for
corrective lenses
Physically check each respirator prior to its assignment to their
employees to be sure that it is of the type specified in the written plan.
Inform each affected employee of the results of exposure monitoring
within one day of receiving such results and assure inclusion of all
exposure reports in the County's recordkeeping system
Monitor employee compliance with the respirator program requirements
Employees
Use respiratory protection in accordance with the instructions and
training provide
Immediately report any defects in the respiratory protection equipment
and whenever there is a respirator malfunction, immediately evacuate to
a safe area and report the malfunction
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Promptly report to the supervisor any symptoms of illness that may be
related to respirator usage or exposure to hazardous atmospheres
Report any health concerns related to respirator use or changes in
health status to the occupational physician
Wash their assigned reusable respirators at the end of each work shift
when used and disinfect assigned respirators at least weekly
Store respirators in accordance with instructions received
Observe any restrictions placed on work activities by the occupational
physician.
Be clean shaven in all facial areas that seal to the respirator face piece.
Allow no headpieces, Band-Aids or other items beneath a respirator seal
or head -strap assembly.
Inspect the respirator immediately before each use, in accordance with
training provided.
Perform a user seal, negative and positive respirator fit check each time
a respirator is donned in accordance with training provided.
5. PERMISSIBLE PRACTICE
Any respirator worn by a Monroe County employee on the job shall be issued
by Monroe County under this program.
Respirators shall be issued by Monroe County and worn by exposed
employees whenever airborne contamination levels are not otherwise reduced
to within the allowable limits.
A written Respiratory Protection Program and Worksite-Specific Respiratory
Protection Plan shall be prepared and approved by the Supervisor and the
Respirator Administrator prior to any employee respirator use, including
voluntary usage or emergency use. This plan shall identify the location and
tasks, identify and quantitative the air contaminants or oxygen deficiency,
specify the appropriate respirator, and specify any limitations, such as air
monitoring, respirator cartridge change out frequency, etc. Each operation
involving respirator use must have a signed and approved written plan.
Upon an employee's request, an appropriate respirator shall be issued for
voluntary use when exposure to contaminant levels is at or above 50 percent of
allowable limits, but within allowable limits, or when exposed to nuisance dusts,
molds, pollen, etc. Reasonable efforts should be made to reduce such
exposures.
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Regardless of exposure level, employees who are exposed to any recognized
carcinogen, mutagen or teratogen in the performance of their work assignments
may request and receive an appropriate respirator for voluntary use and in
addition, affected employees already assigned a respirator may request a
respirator that provides a higher protection factor than the one provided by
Monroe County for that work.
The Monroe County Hazardous Material Emergency Response Plan required
for chemical spills or releases, fire response, pathogen exposures, etc. shall
include a Respiratory Protection Program and Worksite-Specific Respiratory
Protection Plan whenever there is a reasonable potential for a respiratory
hazard. The plan includes Monroe County's Fire Rescue, Public Works and
Solid Waste response.
At no time, however briefly, shall a Monroe County employee be exposed to
contaminant levels that are more than three times the allowable 8-hour time -
weighted average limits without respiratory protection
No employee may work alone while wearing a respirator. Each respirator
wearer shall have at least one employee assigned responsibility to perform
periodic status checks throughout the duration of respirator use. When SCBAs
are worn, at least one standby person, located outside of the hazardous
atmosphere and equipped with an SCBA, shall be in constant attendance,
ready to provide immediate assistance and to call for emergency help, if
needed
6. Respiratory Protection Program and Works ite-Specific Respiratory
Protection Plan
Each operation that involves respirator use shall have a written Respiratory
Protection Program and Worksite-Specific Respiratory Protection Plan that is
approved and signed by the Supervisor and Respirator Administrator.
This plan, which may be a part of a job hazard analysis, site safety plan,
confined space entry permit or other document, shall contain an identification of
the atmospheric hazard(s) and the respective measured or expected
concentration(s) at each location or operation, the respective allowable
concentration limits, the type of respirator(s) approved, monitoring
requirements, emergency response procedures, and limitations, such as the
frequency of respirator cartridge change -out.
This document shall be updated annually and more frequently if conditions
change. This document shall be available at the job location and shall be
maintained for 30 years as an exposure record.
7. RECOGNITION AND EVALUATION OF AIRBORNE CONTAMINANTS
A hazard assessment shall be initially performed in each workplace by the
Supervisor or Respirator Administrator. Where the presence or potential
presence of airborne
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contaminants is recognized or suspected the Respirator Administrator or other
appointed evaluator shall perform evaluations to determine if allowable limits
are exceeded or potentially exceeded. The results of the hazard assessment
shall be communicated to the General Manager and affected supervisors and
employees. For workplaces in which the hazard assessment produces no
findings of potential exposures, Supervisors shall monitor the workplace and
request a hazard assessment whenever materials or processes change.
Whenever the hazard assessment identifies potential exposures to hazardous
atmospheres, an annual reassessment shall be performed, unless a more
frequent assessment is required by OSHA. In addition, the Supervisor is
responsible for requesting a reassessment by the Respirator Administrator
whenever materials or processes change.
8. EVALUATION OF AIRBORNE CONTAMINANT CONTROLS
When hazardous atmospheres are recognized, elimination of the hazardous
material or feasible engineering and work practice controls shall be instituted to
reduce contaminant levels to within allowable limits. If such measures are not
completely successful or if the condition is temporary, personal protective
equipment, including respiratory protection shall be selected and worn.
The Safety Officer shall reassess the workplace when controls
are instituted to measure their effectiveness in reducing employee exposure to
hazardous atmospheres.
9. SELECTION AND ISSUANCE OF RESPIRATORS
Selection of the appropriate respirator shall be documented in the written
Worksite-Specific Respiratory Protection Plan.
If the atmosphere is uncharacterized, it must be assumed to be IDLH and a
positive pressure SCBA or combination supplied -air respirator with SCBA must
be worn. Respirator selection shall comply with OSHA requirements for specific
substances, such as asbestos, lead, etc. At a minimum, the assigned
protection factor of the selectee's respirator shall equal or exceed the hazard
ratio.
All respirators used by Monroe County employees shall be approved by
NIOSH. No components shall be substituted, unless they are listed in the
approval by NIOSH. Any change or modification to a respirator may void the
respirator approval and may adversely affect its performance.
Any restrictions or limitations recommended for a particular respirator by the
respirator manufacturer shall be observed.
The Supervisor shall inspect each respirator or component prior to issuance
and shall assure that the respirator assembly is complete, sanitary and in good
working order upon issuance. Atmosphere -supplying respirators shall be
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returned to the Supervisor at least monthly for periodic inspection and air
purifying respirators shall be returned for periodic inspection at least semi-
annually. A log shall be maintained of these periodic inspections.
The Supervisor is responsible to ensure that each respirator user under the
Supervisor's supervision is currently approved for respirator use, including
medical, fit testing and training certifications. Employees with expired
certifications shall not be permitted to work in hazardous atmospheres or to
voluntarily wear a respirator until their lapsed requirements are updated.
Each respirator must be inspected by its wearer immediately prior to each use,
according to instructions provided in the respirator training. Any defects shall be
reported to the Supervisor before entry into a hazardous atmosphere. A user
seal check shall be performed by the wearer immediately prior to entering the
hazardous atmosphere.
Monroe County will provide an appropriate spectacle kit to each respirator
wearer who requires corrective lenses and will pay for prescription safety lenses
for the kit initially and as needed. Contact lenses shall be permitted if the
employee's ophthalmologist or optometrist authorizes their use by the
employee in hazardous atmospheres with negative pressure and positive
pressure respirators in a written communication to Monroe County Employees
who are issued a respirator are responsible for its maintenance, daily
inspection and storage while the unit is in their control.
10. FIT TESTING
Each respirator wearer shall be fit tested, using protocols approved by the
Respirator Administrator. Frequency testing shall be performed if required by
QSHA the Federal Code of Regulations for specific substances or if the
wearer's facial contours change, such as by weight gain or loss, facial surgery,
etc.
On the occasion of each fit test, employees may choose their respirator from an
array of face pieces from different manufacturers and sizes approved by the
Respirator Administrator.
Fit test certifications shall be prepared and signed by the person performing the
fit test and must name the tested employee; the make, model and size of
respirator fit tested; and the result of the fit test. A copy shall be provided to the
Supervisor.
Monroe County required fit tests, including reasonable employee time and
travel costs, shall be paid for by Monroe County. A medical evaluation as
described in #-44 Section 12.17.C.11 must be performed before an employee
is fit tested.
11. MEDICAL APPROVAL FOR RESPIRATOR USE
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Each respirator wearer shall be approved for respirator use by the County's
designated physician before the employee is required to wear a respirator
(including before being fit tested). The physician shall be provided a copy of the
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employee's duties, respirator types to be worn, and air contaminants, as well as
any applicable OSHA standards governing the medical evaluation, such as the
Respiratory Protection standard and applicable substance -specific standards in
addition to the Respirator Medical Evaluation Questionnaire to be completed by
the employee being examined. The questionnaire shall be filled out by the
employee confidentially during the employee's normal working hours or at a
time and place convenient to the employee - preferably in the Human Resource
office location nearest to the employee's worksite location.
The physician's approval shall be a written certification that lists the respirator
types approved for use by the individual (i.e., negative pressure air purifying,
powered air purifying, pressure demand SCBA) and any restrictions on the
employee's use of respiratory protection, including the need for corrective
lenses. The physician's certification shall not disclose any confidential medical
information, but shall clearly list or describe any restrictions to be observed.
Medical evaluations shall be performed by the County's designated physician
and the cost of the respirator medical evaluation shall be budgeted and paid by
employee's department including reasonable time and travel expenses of the
employee. Payment for special medical diagnostic procedures needed to
assess the ability of an employee to safely wear a respirator shall be approved
in advance by the Respirator Program General Manager. No medical treatment
costs shall be paid by the employee under this program.
Medical records created under this program shall be handled in accordance
with requirements for confidentiality, employee access and retention
If it is found that an employee is not physically able to wear a respirator,
arrangements must be made by the applicable Supervisor and Department
Head to have the duties associated with a respirator be performed by another
qualified employee within the department.
12. TRAINING
Each respirator wearer, supervisor of a respirator wearer, respirator technician
and AdMiRistratef Officer must be trained and updated as needed.
Upon successful completion of respirator training, the instructor shall sign a
certification that names the employee trained, the type(s) of respirator and the
training date. A copy shall be provided to the supervisor. A record shall be
maintained of the training topics covered.
Monroe County approved respirator training shall be conducted by or paid for
by Monroe County including the employee's reasonable time and travel to
participate in such training
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13. DEFINITIONS
Air purifying respirator (APR) — a type of respirator that removes specific
contaminants from air by use of filters, cartridges or canisters by passing ambient air
through the air -purifying element. APRs do not supply oxygen.
Allowable limit — the maximum concentration of a substance in air that is permitted
by regulation or voluntary standards to protect employee health. These concentrations
may be expressed in terms of an 8-hour time -weighted average, a 15-minute short-
term average or as an instantaneous upper ceiling limit. An example is the OSHA
permissible exposure limits (PEL).
Assigned protection factor — the level of respiratory protection expected to be
provided by a given class of respirators to a properly fitted and trained user. This factor
is assigned by OSHA in substance specific standards and by ANSI in the voluntary
national standard, Z88.2.
Atmosphere -supplying respirator — a type of respirator that supplies the user with
breathing air from a source independent of the ambient atmosphere, and includes
supplied -air respirators (SARs) and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) units.
Canister or cartridge — a container with a filter, sorbent or catalyst, or combination of
these items, which removes specific contaminants from the air passed through the
container.
Demand respirator — an atmosphere -supplying respirator that admits breathing air to
the face piece only when a negative pressure is created inside the face piece by
inhalation.
Dust mask — see filtering face piece.
Emergency situation — any occurrence such as, but not limited to, equipment failure
rupture of containers, or failure of control equipment that may or does result in an
uncontrolled significant release of an airborne contaminant.
Employee exposure — exposure to a concentration of an airborne contaminant that
would occur if the employee were not using respiratory protection.
End -of -service -life indicator (ESLI) — a system that warns the respirator user of the
approach of the end of adequate respiratory protection, for example, that the sorbent
is approaching saturation or is no longer effective
Escape -only respirator — a respirator intended to be used only for emergency exit.
Filter or air -purifying element — a component used in respirators to remove
solid or liquid aerosols from the inspired air.
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Filtering face piece (Dust mask) — a negative pressure particulate respirator with a
filter as an integral part of the face piece or with the entire face piece composed of the
filtering medium.
Fit factor — a quantitative estimate of the fit of a particular respirator to a specific
individual, and typically estimates the ratio of the concentration of a substance in
ambient air to its concentration inside the respirator when worn.
Fit test — use of a protocol to qualitatively or quantitatively evaluate the fit of a
respirator on an individual.
Hazardous atmospheres — an atmosphere that contains a contaminant(s) in excess
of the allowable limit or contains less than 19.5 percent oxygen.
Hazard ratio — a number calculated by dividing the actual air contaminant
concentration by the allowable limit.
Immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH) — an atmosphere that poses an
immediate threat to life would cause irreversible adverse health effect, or would impair
an individual's ability to escape from a dangerous atmosphere.
Loose -fitting face piece — a respiratory inlet covering that is designed to form a
partial seal with the face.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) — a Federal
institute responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for the
prevention of work -related illnesses and injuries. It tests and issues approvals for
respirators.
Negative pressure respirator (tight fitting) — a respirator in which the air pressure
inside the face piece is negative during inhalation with respect to the ambient air
pressure outside the respirator
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) — the Federal or state
agency with authority to issue and enforce workplace health and safety regulations.
Oxygen deficient atmosphere — an atmosphere with oxygen content below 19.5
percent by volume.
Physician or other licensed health care professional (PLHCP) — an individual
whose legally permitted scope of practice (i.e., license, registration or certification)
allows him or her to independently provide or be delegated the responsibility to provide
some or all of the health care services required by this respirator program.
Positive pressure respirator — a respirator in which the pressure inside the
respiratory inlet covering exceeds the ambient air pressure outside the respirator.
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Powered air -purifying respirator (PAPR) — an air -purifying respirator that
uses a blower to force the ambient air through air -purifying elements to the inlet
covering.
Pressure demand respirator — a positive pressure atmosphere -supplying
respirator that admits breathing air to the face piece when the positive pressure
is reduced inside the face piece by inhalation.
Protection factor — a ratio calculated by dividing the air contaminant
concentration outside a respirator by the concentration inside the respirator.
This is measured in a quantitative fit test.
Qualitative fit test (QLFT) — a pass/fail fit test to assess the adequacy of
respirator fit that relies on the individual's response to the test agent.
Quantitative fit test (QNFT) — an assessment of the adequacy of respirator fit
by numerically measuring the amount of leakage into the respirator.
Respiratory inlet covering — that portion of a respirator that forms the
protective barrier between the user's respiratory tract and an air -purifying
device or breathing air source or both. It may be a face piece, helmet, hood,
suit or a mouthpiece respirator with nose clamp.
Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) — an atmosphere -supplying
respirator for which the breathing air source is designed to be carried by the
user.
Service life — the period of time that a respirator, filter or sorbent or other
respiratory equipment provides adequate protection to the wearer.
Supplied -air respirator (SAR) or airline respirator — an atmosphere -
supplying respirator for which the source of breathing air is not designed to be
carried by the user.
Tight -fitting face piece — a respiratory inlet covering that forms a seal with
the face.
User seal check — an action conducted by the respirator user to determine if
the respirator is properly seated to the face
D. Foot and Toe Protection
The appropriate foot protection is required for work functions that include lifting
heavy objects that may be dropped on the feet, electrical protection, piercing
protection, chemical protection, fire protection and working in areas that are
designated as high hazard areas and require foot protection i.e.; around fork
lifts and rolling stock.
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The wearing of sandals or tennis shoes is not allowed in high hazard areas.
Safe and slip resistive shoes should be encouraged by office personnel and
high -heel shoes discouraged if at all possible. Many slips, trips, and fall injuries
are related to high heels, sandals and shoes with slippery soles.
E. Safety Glasses, Goggles and Face Shields
Goggles or face shields should be worn by all employees performing work that
exposes them to eye injury or contamination. Employees not performing work,
helpers or visitors who are in the area of exposure also should always wear eye
protection.
Hazard areas will be identified. Eye protection will be required in these areas.
Sufficient visitor goggles or face shields will be available for protection of
persons entering these areas and will be of the type required to guard against
the existing hazard. This requirement will be strictly enforced.
Welding hazards can be easily controlled by use of suitable personal protective
equipment and proper work procedures. Welding goggles or helmets must be
used. When helmets are used, safety glasses must also be worn whenever
secondary finishing is done on the work piece. All welding operations should
be required to have "hot work permits."
Appropriate goggles with filter lenses shall be used for such operations as
oxyacetylene welding, cutting, lead burning, and brazing. Where eye injury is
increased by grinding, buffing, sandblasting, etc., additional precautions such
as side shields for safety glasses must also be employed.
Do not take chances with eye injuries -- contact your Supervisor or first aid
person immediately upon receiving an injury. Do not rub your eyes when a
foreign object is in them.
F. Personal Clothing
If uniforms are not provided, the clothes you wear are a personal matter.
Clothing must adhere to the requirements set forth by the department for the
position. The minimum work clothing shall consist of a T-shirt and trousers, or
their equivalent, for all employees.
Clothes can be a safety hazard if they are loose or ragged. The material can
get caught in moving machinery and cause serious or fatal injury. Clothing that
is not clean is not only unsightly but a health hazard, causing skin infections
and irritations. Clothing furnished by the County must be kept in a clean and
presentable condition.
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12.18 POWERED INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS, FORKLIFTS, HAND TRUCKS
A. Forklift Trucks
1. All forklift operators must be certified by a qualified instructor.
2. When using forklifts, do not operate in excess of speeds that allow
full control of the equipment and safety of the load.
3. Do not permit any part of the load to obstruct vision while driving.
4. Only the driver shall ride on the forklift.
5. Riding the forks is strictly prohibited.
6. Watch out for pedestrians. Sound horn at blind corners.
7. Do not drive with greasy hands.
8. Lift and lower loads smoothly and never carry loads in an elevated
position.
9. Power trucks shall not be left unattended without first lowering the
platform or forks, shutting off power, neutralizing controls, setting brake
and removing the ignition key.
10. When entering other vehicles with forklift trucks, the wheels of the
vehicle shall be chocked to prevent any movement.
B. Hand Trucks
1. When using two -wheel hand trucks -- do not overload. Make sure
the load is stable so the weight is on the axle, not the handle.
2. The same warning against overloading applies to the four-wheel
hand truck. Never pile a load so high that it might fall or prevent you from
seeing ahead.
3. Hand trucks are generally meant to be pushed, not pulled, with the
exception of the four -wheeled truck with swivel axle and tongue which is
designed for pulling, and the motorized hand truck which can be run
either way. Never pull a four-wheel truck down an incline. If it gets out of
control it can pin or run you over.
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C. General Requirements
1. Only qualified personnel trained in the operation of forklifts and
other powered industrial trucks are authorized to operate this equipment.
2. Prior to operation of powered industrial trucks, the operator shall
examine his vehicle and if any item is found to be defective or in need of
repair the item shall be corrected prior to use. There will be no
exceptions.
3. Start and stop this equipment gradually and slowly. Always look
around before starting. Avoid quick turns.
4. Slow down at cross roads, sharp curves, ramps, dips, blind corners,
on wet, slippery or rough roads, in congested areas, and when vision is
limited or obstructed. Always drive at moderate speed.
12.19 MOTOR VEHICLE MAINTENANCE SHOPS
A. General
The normal activities of motor vehicle maintenance shops present numerous
hazards to maintenance personnel. It is essential that adequate safety
standards be prescribed and observed by all shop personnel to promote
efficiency and reduce the possibility of personal injury and property damages.
1. Keep repair shops adequately ventilated to protect against exposure
to hazardous concentrations of carbon monoxide gas. Move any
equipment with the engine running to the outside or attach a hose to the
muffler leading to the outside.
2. Always work under adequate illumination at work benches,
lubrication pits and other shop work areas.
3. Maintain working area free of trash scraps and other tripping
hazards.
4. Set aside time for shop clean-up prior to the end of each work day.
5. Protective equipment shall be worn as required.
6. Personnel will avoid wearing extremely greasy, oily or dirty clothing.
7. Do not wear rings or other jewelry when working on motor vehicles,
when servicing batteries, when operating rotating machine shop
equipment, or when working on, or around, electrical equipment.
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8. To reduce fire and slipping hazards, do not allow floors to become
saturated with oil or other flammable materials. Use absorbent material
and clean up as quickly as possible.
9. Never smoke while fueling equipment and do not allow anyone to
smoke in the immediate area.
10. Use a safety solvent (combustible rather than flammable) provided
for cleaning parts. Never use carbontetrachloride, gasoline, or any other
hazardous materials for this purpose. To use other than approved safe
solvents will expose you and your coworkers to the danger of burns or
lasting health problems.
11. Be sure fire extinguishers are available and that there are no
obstructions which will prevent your access to them.
12. Do not carry sharp pointed tools in your pockets.
13. Do not smoke in areas where not allowed.
14. Lockers and washrooms will be maintained in a clean condition and
provided with proper towels and soap.
B. Safety in Maintenance Activities
1. Air compressor storage tanks will be drained at least once a day by
opening the drain valve and allowing water and water vapor to escape.
2. All belts, pulleys, gears, chains, sprockets, or any moving parts on
air compressors will be completely enclosed with a guard.
3. Only persons properly trained in the operation of shop machines will
be authorized to use them.
4. Do not drain gasoline, oil or other liquids and materials in areas
where they are likely to go into storm sewers and sewage systems. This
is an extremely hazardous practice. It can cause fire, explosion and
extensive problems in sewage plant operation. Drain petroleum's into
drums or buckets for proper disposal.
5. Compressed air shall not be used for blowing dirt from hands, face
or clothing. Be sure the nozzle is designed for a maximum of 30 psi when
used for cleaning. Eye protection shall be worn.
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6. All compressed gas cylinders will be racked and secured in carts or
to walls and posts to prevent being accidentally knocked over. Valve
protection caps shall be installed on all cylinders not in use. This
requirement also applies to cylinders transported in vehicles.
7. All shop hand tools will be frequently inspected for defects and any
defective tools found will be repaired or replaced as soon as possible.
8. Alligator type hoods on some vehicles have caused injuries when
they dropped while the mechanic was working on the engine. A prop of
safe design should be used to prevent this type of accident.
9. When a vehicle is jacked up or hung up on chain hoists and when a
mechanic is making repair underneath, it will be blocked with pyramid
jacks, trestles or substantial wood blocking.
10. No one will be permitted to work inside a vehicle that is blocked up
when another person is working under the vehicle. Mechanics working
under vehicles will ensure that their legs do not protrude in aisles,
exposing themselves to injury and creating a tripping hazard.
C. Tire Repair
Tire repair work is hazardous if proper precautions are not taken.
2. Avoid strains and hernia when handling heavy tires by getting help
placing tires on dollies or using lifting equipment.
3. Do not use extension handles or pipe (cheaters) on wrenches for
removing lug nuts. Use air operated wrench whenever available. Use a
penetrate oil on nuts that are "frozen" then, if a wrench is used, be sure it
is the proper size. Tapping the wrench lightly will aid in freeing the nut.
4. Always use a safety cage when inflating tires equipped with lock
rings. When inflating the tire, turn your face away from it. Never hold the
tire between your legs. Always stand to one side when applying air.
D. Elevating Type Lifts
1. Elevating lifts should be provided with a "safety leg". Tripping this
leg to lower lift will be done by a procedure which will not permit a worker
to get under the lift.
2. All lifts will be provided with stop chocks.
3. No one will be permitted to remain in a vehicle when it is being lifted.
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4. Rocking of lifts during the lubrication process will not be permitted.
5. Regular inspections will be made of lifts and their hydraulic cylinder
and lines to ensure they are in safe operation condition.
E. Above Ground Maintenance Racks
1. Above ground racks used for maintenance and lubrication work will
be provided with guard rails and steps or stairs.
2. The rack and areas below will be cleaned of grease, oil and other
slippery materials when in use. Gasoline or other flammable solvents will
never be used for cleaning maintenance racks. Use only approved
cleaning materials. If caustics are used, suitable protection shall be worn.
3. Sufficient lighting will be provided for workers. Portable or
permanent lighting will incorporate guards for protection. If lights are to
be used or installed where explosive vapors are likely to be present, they
shall be of the explosive -proof type.
F. Hoisting and Lifting Equipment
1. Never overload hand or electrically operated hoists. The rated load
will be legibly and permanently marked in a prominent location on all hoist
and lifting equipment. (Jacks supplied with vehicles are excluded.) Rated
load limits shall not be exceeded.
2. Standard hand signals are used if there is an operator and a helper.
G. Specialized Shop Work
1. Welding, painting, undercoating and battery work
will be conducted in separate, isolated shops designed
for this purpose.
2. Only trained and authorized personnel will operate specialized
testing machines and equipment.
3. Eye protection shall be worn by maintenance personnel using
permanently mounted, or portable, grinding and cutting tools that produce
flying chips or dust.
4. When using air operated tools, be sure it is of the size and type
suited for the job. Pay attention to your footing to prevent slipping.
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Ensure that the tool is secured in a manner which will prevent it falling if
working above someone.
5. When installing a cable use a bar, not your hands, to guide it.
6. Use substantial wooden blocking when working in or under a
scraper while the bowl or apron is raised on the blade of a bulldozer.
7. Be sure that all guards have been replaced before operations of any
equipment which has been repaired or adjusted.
8. Proper protective equipment shall be worn when boiling out
radiators.
9. All electric machines, motors, portable electric tools and equipment
will be properly grounded.
12.20 CONSTRUCTION, BUILDINGS, AND GROUNDS MAINTENANCE
A. Building and Grounds Areas
Unsafe conditions in buildings and ground areas require repair and
maintenance to render them safe for employees and the public. Report all
unsafe conditions to your Supervisor for correction without delay.
B. Ladders
1. A ladder should be placed so the distance from its foot to the wall is
one-fourth the length of the extended ladder.
2. Never separate the parts of an extension ladder. Use of the top
section as a ladder is prohibited.
3. Do not carry heavy or bulky objects up or down a ladder. Always
use a rope or hoist.
4. Face the ladder when going up or down. Always look up when you
are going up a ladder.
5. Move the ladder as the work progresses. Don't work any further
than an arm's length from the ladder.
6. Only one person on a ladder at any one time.
7. Ladders will not be used as skids, braces, scaffold members, or for
any other purpose than that for which they are intended.
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8. Never climb a ladder with greasy, muddy, or otherwise slippery
hands or shoes.
9. Do not use metal ladders in areas where exposure to electric wires
or equipment is possible.
C. Scaffolds and Platforms
1. Make provisions for a uniform level base and compacted footing
before installing upper levels.
2. Tie into the structure or building to prevent tipping.
3. All side braces (cross -bracing) shall be installed on tubular welded
frame scaffolding.
4. Only scaffold boards in good condition are to be used on scaffolds.
Each scaffold board must overlap the scaffold sides by a minimum of six
(6) inches.
5. Never stand on the overhang portion of a scaffold board.
6. Guard railing shall be installed on scaffolding when four (4) feet high
or more.
7. Do not leave tools or materials on scaffolds or platforms where they
may fall or cause a tripping hazard.
D. Excavations and Trenching
1. The sides of excavations will be properly and substantially braced
and shored, or the sides will be sloped away from the excavation, or a
trench box of substantial construction may be used.
2. The type of shoring systems to be used will be determined by soil
conditions, vibrations in the area, stresses imposed by nearby buildings,
and other pertinent conditions.
3. Where excavations are to be made below adjacent foundations or
pavement, these structures will be suitably braced or shored as long as
the excavation is open.
4. Dirt removed from the excavation and other materials will not be
piled closer than two feet to the edge and loose boulders, stumps and
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other debris that could slide into the excavation will be removed from the
area.
5. Bridges, walkways, guardrails, barricades, warning signs, and lights
will be placed over or near open excavations as required.
6. Ladders shall be placed at trenches to provide safe and convenient
exists from the area in case of cave-ins.
7. Where it is necessary to undercut the side of an excavation,
overhanging materials shall be safely supported.
8. Safety hard hats should be worn by employees engaged in
excavation and trenching operations.
E. Grass Cutting
1. Mower operators will wear eye protection, ear protection, and
foot/toe protection shoes at all times.
2. No adjustments will be made by the operator or maintenance
person while machine is running.
3. Gasoline for lawnmowers and other lawn care equipment will be
kept in safety cans plainly lettered "Gasoline". All sources of ignition will
be kept clear when fueling. Fueling will not be done while engines are
running. Allow stopped engine 5 min to cool before refueling. Smoking is
not allowed when fueling.
F. Floors and Building Area
1. Maintain building floors clean and free of obstructions or slippery
materials.
2. Floors will not be cleaned with flammable liquids. Adequate
ventilation will be provided if cleaning is done with liquids containing toxic
materials such as ammonia.
3. IF ANY PROBLEM OCCURS IMMEDIATELY CONTACT YOUR
SUPERVISOR. (Be familiar with precautions and first aid procedures for
that particular substance before using).
4. Dust, which can explode under certain conditions, will be kept down
during sweeping by spreading an approved sweeping compound over the
floor.
5. Spitting on floors will not be tolerated at any time.
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6. Extreme care shall be taken to avoid excessive waxing or polishing.
Floors that are too slippery are sources of accidents. Use only nonskid
wax.
7. All projections shall be kept to a minimum on walls and ceilings.
Ceilings will be kept in good repair and free of loose plaster and paint that
could fall and injure persons below or create a health hazard.
G. Vending Machines
1. Vending machines shall be located near an electrical receptacle to
prevent the use of extension cords. They shall be located in an area
where they do not interfere with the path of egress and in an area that
does not cause a collision with the person using the machine and another
employee.
2. Suitable waste receptacles will be provided where vending
machines have been installed. All persons are instructed to return bottles
to racks, and dispose of papers, cartons, and cups in trash cans.
H. Clothing Storage
Keep personal clothing in a clean and orderly condition. To avoid spontaneous
combustion, clothing or materials that are contaminated with flammable
substances will not be placed in a closed area.
I. Exterior of Buildings
Materials will not be stored under or piled against buildings, doors or exits, or
under stairways. Roofs will be kept free of refuse such as sawdust, shavings,
lint, trash, and other materials that can create a fire or tripping hazard.
J. Street, Road and Excavation Barriers
1. All barrier markers and lights shall be maintained in good repair, and
kept clean and brightly finished to insure high visibility.
2. Placement of traffic cones, warning flags, barriers and lights for
street work will be in accordance with the Florida Manual on Traffic
Control and safe practices.
3. All slow moving special purpose vehicles using street or roads, shall
prominently display the SMV (orange triangle) on the rear.
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12.21 OFF -THE -JOB SAFETY
A. Off -the -Job Safety is very important, time lost from the job is the same
whether it is caused by an accident or injury on-the-job or away from work.
1. OFF -THE -JOB SAFETY should be an extension of ON-THE-JOB
SAFETY.
2. Follow the same rules for Safety away from work.
3. OFF -THE -JOB SAFETY is important to your job, your family,
your fellow workers and your community.
4. Some ways to encourage OFF -THE -JOB SAFETY:
a. Seasonal Programs: Safety programs are more meaningful if they are
part of your regular routine. For example, water, sunshine and outdoor
safety programs should be studied on a year round basis.
b. National Programs: Scheduled activities for Fire Prevention Week,
Poison Prevention Week and other National programs to make people
aware of their importance.
c. Community Programs: Take advantage of the Safety programs offered
by most communities, such as life saving courses, driving classes and
recreational safety programs.
d. Club Programs: Many service and social clubs have programs to teach
or encourage safety. Members could promote such programs for the
whole family.
e. County Sponsored Programs: Take advantage of County Sponsored
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and First Aid programs.
SET AN EXAMPLE: INDIVIDUALLY A PERSON CAN BE MOST HELPFUL IN
IMPRESSING HIS FAMILY MEMBERS AND FELLOW WORKERS WITH THE
IMPORTANCE OF SAFETY BY SETTING AN EXAMPLE AND PASSING
SAFETY INFORMATION ON TO THEM.
You can do more things and you can do them better if you practice safety
habits.
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12.22 DEALING WITH AN ANGRY PERSON
A. Deal With The Person's Feelings
The First Four Minutes. The pace of your response is important. The angry
person wants you to feel how urgent his problem is and respond at once. So,
after a minute or two, you should progress from empathy to fact-finding
questions; and, by the time four minutes have passed at the longest, you
should be suggesting solutions (Step Two B). Why four minutes?
Four minutes is not an arbitrary time; instead, careful observation has shown
that four minutes is the average time during which strangers in a social situation
interact before they decide to part or to continue their encounter.
B. Empathize
1. Get on the same physical level (standing or sitting) as the angry
person to establish eye contact. Looking at him/her enables you to judge
the emotional content of the words as well as the facts.
2. Show your concern for the angry person by your facial expression,
body position, gestures, and tone of voice (on the telephone, your tone of
voice is your main tool for showing empathy).
3. If the angry accusations are noisy or disturbing others, take the
person to a private place if one is available.
4. Show your sincere interest with empathetic responses.
Acknowledge his/her anger. Examples:
a. "I'm sorry you're upset."
b. "That really does sound upsetting to have... I don't blame you for
being upset."
c. "I could see how that would be a problem."
d. "I can understand your concern about..."
e. "I'm sure it was embarrassing to be... If a mistake was made, we
will do our best to make the situation right."
C. Ask Questions
1. Your goal is to determine either whom the angry person should
see/talk with or what should be done.
2. Take good notes. Write down names, dates, amounts of money,
permit numbers, etc.
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D. Give Feedback
1. Personalize. Use the person's name in conversation as often as
possible (do not call them by their first name). Identify yourself to them
and assure them that you personally will work to resolve their problem.
2. Interact with the person to understand fully what happened and to,
as quickly as possible, accomplish your goal of determining who they
would talk to or see what should be done. Examples of Questions and
Feedback:
a. "What did you do then?"
b. "Who told you that?"
c. "I don't understand."
d. "Why did you think that?"
e. "Tell me more about that."
f. "Could you give me an example?"
g. Repeat important words.
h. Say "um -hum", especially over the phone.
i. Nod your head.
E. Summarize
1. Repeat the story back to the angry person to be sure you have the
facts straight.
2. Acknowledge what is right about her complaint, even if you believe
the complaint is essentially in error. Examples:
a. "You are correct in saying that..."
b. "It does sound like..."
3. Admit the error if one has been made. Don't excuse or minimize the
mistake.
NOTE: DO NOT PROCEED TO STEP TWO UNTIL YOU ARE SURE YOU
HAVE DEALT WITH THE PERSON'S FEELINGS
F. Deal With The Person's Problem
1. Find Out What the Person Wants
a. Listen carefully to the remedies they have already tried.
b. Ask them what they want you to do to solve the problem.
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2. Suggest Alternatives
a. If you can't do exactly what the person wants, tell them what you
can do.
b. When possible, offer the person a choice among various
possible courses of action to make them feel more in control of (and
therefore less angry at) the situation.
3. Share Information
a. Explain to the angry person exactly what you are going to do and
how long it is likely to take.
b. If you need to ask them to wait or to put them on hold, check
back frequently to inform them of your progress.
c. Reassure them that you are their ally in solving the problem.
They should feel that they are no longer alone with his problem in
an adversarial predicament.
4. Agree On A Solution
If the final solution, replacement, permission, refund, apology, provision of
extra services, etc., cannot be achieved immediately, take a mutually
satisfactory interim step. Examples:
a. "Now that you have given me all these facts, I will review them
with my supervisor when he returns and call you as soon as I have
talked with them."
b. "I will be happy to... Will that be satisfactory to you? No? What
would you like me to do for you? I'm sorry; I don't have the authority
to do that, but I would be happy to do anything I can."
Dialogues of this type often prompt a degree of reason in a person who is
making unreasonable demands because it forces him to realize the
realistic limits of your authority.
5. Follow-up (if necessary)
a. Call back or contact by letter when or before you promised to,
even if you have not been able to find the answer or resolve the
problem. Doing so maintains your credibility.
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b. Remember that every complaint is an opportunity to improve
your relationship with the public. You can accomplish that goal a
large percentage of the time by developing good communication
skills, keeping calm, and showing through your actions that you and
your office are competent, caring, willing, and able to correct errors
as quickly as possible.
6. Benefits Of Empathy
a. Empathetic listening can solve another person's problem by:
* Giving the person a chance to talk through problems and thereby
clarify their own thinking about them, and
* Providing the necessary emotional release, letting them "get it off
their chest".
b. Empathetic listening can reduce tensions.
c. Empathetic listening makes cooperation easier. When a person
can tell another person is really interested in their problems,
thoughts and opinions, they will have respect and will more readily
cooperate.
d. Empathetic listening can enhance the self-concept of the person
with problems. True listening assumes the other person has worth,
dignity, and something to offer. This attitude makes a person feel
good about themselves, we all like to feel valued.
e. Empathetic listening promotes communication and reduces
arguments.
G. Ten Commandments of Good Listening
Stop talking! You can't listen if you're talking.
2. Put the talker at ease. Help the talker feel free to talk.
3. Show the talker you want to listen. Look and act interested. Listen
to understand.
4. Remove distraction. Don't doodle, tap or shuffle papers. Close your
door if possible.
5. Empathize with the talker. Try to put yourself in the talker's place so
you can see the other point of view.
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6. Be patient. Allow plenty of time. Don't interrupt. Don't start for the
door or walk away.
7. Hold your temper. An angry person gets the wrong meaning from
words.
8. Go easy on argument and criticism. This puts the other person on
the defensive and he may "clam up" or get angry. Don't argue; even if
you win, you lose.
9. Ask questions. This encourages the person, shows you are
listening, and develops further conversation.
10. Stop talking! This is first and last, because all other commandments
depend upon it. You just can't do a good listening job while you are
talking.
Nature gave people two ears but only one tongue, which is a gentle hint that
people should listen more than they talk. (excerpted from Human Relations at
Work published by McGraw-Hill)
12.23 USE OF CELLULAR PHONES
Drive and Talk Safely
Many of us use car or cellular phones to stay in touch and feel more secure.
However, research shows that talking on a phone while driving quadruples the
risk of an accident. Drivers sometimes suspend their good judgment as they
focus on talking. Here are some suggestions for safer car phoning:
1. Don't use the phone while driving unless absolutely necessary -it can be
dangerous.
2. Concentrate on driving. Watch for slowdowns, sudden stops and accidents.
3. Hang up in heavy traffic or bad weather. Let your communications service
take messages, and then return calls later.
4. Use memory dialing, redial, speakers, Bluetooth, hands free and other
utilities to help you focus on driving carefully.
5. Memorize your phone's key pad so you can keep your eyes on the road.
6. Pull off the road when the conversation begins to distract you.
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7. Never write or take notes while driving.
8. Dial during stops.
9. Avoid emotional or stressful conversations.
10. No textinq while driving.
12.23 Disaster Response
All employees of Monroe County are agents of the Government and may have
a role during an emergency event especially a hurricane. All responses to
emergencies shall comply with guidelines set up for employee safety in their
designated work related field.
1. If an employee is assigned to a task before, during or after a hurricane
their supervisor must give them an opportunity to provide a safe place
for their family, property and other emergency obligations.
2. No official representative of Monroe County has been given authority to
direct public employees in to situations greater than the standard.
3. Responding to an emergency or disaster may provide hazards not
normally encountered. Employees should be briefed on projected
hazards and evasive action to be taken.
4. When responding to emergencies employees are required to report
unsafe conditions to their supervisor so other emergency responders or
members of the public may take appropriate action.
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TABEL OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 13
EMERGENCY OPERATIONS AND RESPONSE
13.1 Administration
13.2 Organization
13.3 Training and Education
13.4 Vehicles, Equipment and Drivers
13.5 Protective Clothing and Protective Equipment
13.6 Emergency Operations
13.7 Facility Safety
13.8 Medical and Physical
13.9 Member Assistance and Wellness Program
13.10 Critical Incident Stress Program
13.11 Referenced Publications
� co
13
17
21
26
36
45
46
48
49
49
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13 EMERGENCY OPERATIONS AND RESPONSE00
13.1 Administration
A. Scope
1. This guideline contains minimum requirements for Monroe County
Emergency Services System related occupational safety and health program.
2. These requirements are applicable to public, governmental, and private
organizations providing emergency medical services, rescue, fire suppression,
fire investigation, hazardous materials mitigation, special operations, and other
emergency services.
B. Purpose
1. The purpose of this guideline is to specify the minimum requirements for
an occupational safety and health program for emergency service responders
and to specify safety guidelines for those members involved in emergency
medical services, rescue, fire suppression, fire investigations, hazardous
materials operations, airport rescue and fire fighting, special operations, and
related activities.
2. Many of the performance objectives of this guideline shall be permitted
to be achieved in a variety of ways. The achievement of these objectives are
intended to help prevent accidents, injuries, and exposures and to reduce the
severity of those accidents, injuries, and exposures that do occur. Objectives
also help to prevent exposure to hazardous materials and contagious diseases
and to reduce the probability of occupational fatalities, illnesses, and disabilities
affecting emergency response personnel.
3. Nothing herein shall be intended to restrict any jurisdiction from
exceeding these minimum requirements.
C. Implementation
1. The authority having jurisdiction shall set a date or dates for achieving
compliance with the requirements of this guideline and shall be permitted to
establish a phase -in schedule for compliance with specific requirements of this
guideline.
2. Emergency Services shall coordinate with Monroe County Risk
Management and adopt a risk management plan as specified in this guideline.
This I(J 1 IJm i i iC11 �ayerirc� n ilsi44G C] vvi iiir,,,i i riui i ivi e.vi i iMn4i i..... .v ni i 1, nJ
guideline.
13-2
lea
E.
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL L m4000
VLloou—
Equivalency
1. The authority having jurisdiction shall be permitted to approve an
equivalent level of qualifications for the requirements specified in this guideline.
provided that Emergency Services have technical documentation to
demonstrate equivalency.
2. The approved equivalent levels shall provide as nearly equivalent
training, education, competency, and safety as possible and shall require that
training, education, and competency be commensurate with those functions
that the members are expected to perform as specified in the organizational
statement in accordance with this guideline. In no case shall the equivalency
afford less competency of members or safety to members than that which, in
the judgment of the authority having jurisdiction, would be provided by
compliance with the provisions of the specified paragraphs.
Definitions
Advanced Life Support (ALS): Treatment of life -threatening medical emergencies
through the use of techniques such as endotracheal intubation, the administration of
drugs, or intravenous fluids, telemetry, cardiac monitoring, and cardiac defibrillation by
a qualified person, pursuant to rules of the Florida Department of Health.
Aerial Device: An aerial ladder, elevating platform, aerial ladder platform, or water
tower that is designed to position personnel, handle materials, provide egress, and
discharge water.
Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF): The fire -fighting actions taken to rescue
persons and to control or extinguish fire involving or adjacent to aircraft on the ground.
Such rescue and fire -fighting actions are performed both inside and outside of the
aircraft.
Approach Fire Fighting: Limited, specialized exterior fire -fighting operations at
incidents involving fires producing very high levels of conductive, convective, and
radiant heat, such as bulk flammable gas and bulk flammable liquid fires. Specialized
thermal protection from exposure to high levels of radiant heat is necessary for the
persons involved in such operations due to the limited scope of these operations and
the greater distance from the fire at which these operations are conducted. Approach
fire fighting is not entry, proximity, or structural fire fighting. See also Entry Fire
Fighting, Proximity Fire Fighting, and Structural Fire Fighting,
Approved: Acceptable to the jurisdictional authority.
Authority Having Jurisdiction I Jurisdictional Authority: The agency,
13-3
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL koW'
ta
organization, office, or individual responsible for approving the operation and t wining,
equipment, an installation, or a procedure.
Basic Life Support (BLS): Emergency medical treatment at a level as defined by the
medical authority having jurisdiction.
Belt: A system component: material configured as a device that fastens only around
the waist and is designated as a ladder belt, an escape belt. or a ladder/escape belt.
Escape Belt: A belt that is certified as compliant with the applicable requirements of
this guideline and is intended for use only by the wearer as an emergency self -rescue
device.
Ladder Belt.: A belt that is certified as compliant with the applicable requirements of
this guideline and is intended for use as a positioning device for a person on a ladder.
Ladder/Escape Belt: A belt that is certified as compliant with the applicable
requirements of this guideline for both a ladder belt and an escape belt and that is
intended for use as a positioning device for a person on a ladder as well as for use
only by the wearer as an emergency self -rescue device.
Candidate: A person who has submitted an application to become a member of
emergency services.
` Closed -Circuit Self -Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA): A recirculation -type
SCBA in which the exhaled gas is rebreathed by the wearer after the carbon dioxide
has been removed from the exhalation gas and the oxygen content within the system
has been restored from sources such as compressed breathing air, chemical oxygen.
and liquid oxygen, or compressed gaseous oxygen.
Communicable Disease: A disease that can be transmitted from one person to
another. Also known as contagious disease.
Company: A group of members having the following characteristics:
a. Under the direct supervision of an officer or leader.
b. Trained and equipped to perform assigned tasks.
c. Usually organized and identified as engine companies, ladder
companies, rescue companies, or squad companies.
d. Usually operating with one piece of emergency services apparatus
(e.g., quint, pumper. ladder truck. elevating platform, rescue. squad. or
dmC7uidnCe ).
13-4
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUA6acml
e. Arriving at the incident scene on emergency service apparatus or
assembling at the scene prior to assignment.
Confined Space: An area large enough and so configured that a member can bodily
enter and perform assigned work. An area with limited or restricted means for entry
and exit. An area that is not designed for continuous human occupancy. Additionally.
a confined space is further defined as having one or more of the following
characteristics:
a. The area contains or has a potential to contain a hazardous
atmosphere, including an oxygen -deficient atmosphere.
b. The area contains a material with a potential to engulf a member.
c. The area has an internal configuration such that a member could be
trapped by inwardly converging walls or a floor that slopes downward
and tapers to a small cross section.
d. The area contains any other recognized serious hazard.
Contaminant: A harmful, irritating, or nuisance material foreign to the normal
atmosphere.
Debilitating Illness or Injury: A condition that temporarily or permanently prevents a
member of emergency services from engaging in normal duties and activities as a
result of illness or injury.
Defensive Operations: Actions that are intended to control a fire by limiting its
spread to a defined area, avoiding the commitment of personnel and equipment to
dangerous areas. Defensive operations are generally performed from the exterior of
structures and are based on a determination that the risk to personnel exceeds the
potential benefits of offensive actions.
Department: See Emergency Services Department.
Drug: Any substance, chemical, over-the-counter medication, or prescribed
medication that can affect the performance of an emergency responder.
Emergency Incident: A specific emergency operation.
Emergency Medical Services: The activities or services to prevent or treat a sudden
critical illness or injury and to provide emergency medical care and pre -hospital
emergency medical transportation to sick, injured, or otherwise incapacitated persons
in this state. See Emergency Services.
Emergency Medical Services Director: The highest ranking individual with overall
13-5
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL 400,
responsibility of emergency medical services. ;6;ea
Emergency Medical Services Member: See Member.
a
Emergency Operations; Activities of emergency services relating to emergency
medical care, rescue, fire suppression, and special operations, including response to
the scene of the incident and all functions performed at the scene.
Emergency Services: The organization established to provide emergency medical
care. rescue, fire suppression, and related duties within a service area.
Emergency Services Apparatus: Any vehicle including those used for ambulance,
rescue, fire suppression, emergency medical services, hazardous materials
operations, wildland, or other functions -operated by department member.
Emergency Services Director: See Public Safety Division Director,
Emergency Services Facility: Any building or area owned, operated, occupied, or
used by emergency services on a routine basis. This does not include locations where
emergency services can be summoned to perform emergency operations or other
duties, unless such premises are normally under the control of emergency services.
Entry Fire Fighting: Extraordinarily specialized fire -fighting operations that can
include the activities of rescue, fire suppression, and property conservation at
incidents involving fires producing very high levels of conductive, convective, and
radiant heat, such as aircraft fires, bulk flammable gas fires, and bulk flammable liquid
fires. Highly specialized thermal protection from exposure to extreme levels of
conductive, convective, and radiant heat is necessary for persons involved in such
extraordinarily specialized operations due to the scope of these operations and
because direct entry into flames is made. Usually these operations are exterior
operations. Entry fire fighting is not structural fire fighting. See also Approach Fire
Fighting, Proximity Fire Fighting, and Structural Fire Fighting.
Facility : See Emergency Services Facility.
Fire Marshal: The highest ranking individual with overall responsibilities of fire
prevention and investigation.
Fire Rescue Director: The highest ranking individual with overall responsibilities of
fire rescue services.
Fire Rescue Member: See Member.
Unrnyn ac thn nrrtani-75:jtinn rnrnviriinn firm
suppression and prevention, and related services along with providing hazardous
13-6
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
materials and special operations. See Emergency Services.
Fire Services: See Emergency Services.
Fire Shelter: A personal protection item carried by fire fighters that, when deployed.
unfolds to form a shelter of heat -reflective materials.
Fire Suppression: The activities involved in controlling and extinguishing fires. Fire
suppression shall include all activities performed at the scene of a fire incident or
training exercise that expose fire rescue members to the dangers of heat, flame,
smoke, and other products of combustion, explosion, or structural collapse.
Flame Resistance: The property of a material whereby the application of a flaming
or non -flaming source of ignition and the subsequent removal of the ignition source
results in the termination of combustion. Flame resistance can be an inherent property
of the material, or it can be imparted by specific treatment.
Fully Enclosed Area: A cab or passenger compartment of fire apparatus providing
total enclosure equipped with positive latching doors for entry and exit.
Gloves: An element of the protective ensemble designed to provide minimum
protection to the fingers, thumb, hand, and wrist.
Guideline: A written indication or outline of department procedures that permits best .
judgement and adaptability in application.
Hazard: The potential for harm or damage to people, property, or the environment.
Hazards include the characteristics of facilities, equipment systems, property,
hardware, or other objects and the actions and inactions of people that create such
hazards.
Hazardous Area: The area where members might be exposed to a hazardous
atmosphere. A particular substance, device, event. circumstance, or condition that
presents a danger to members of fire rescue.
Hazardous Atmosphere: Any atmosphere that is oxygen deficient or that contains a
toxic or disease -producing contaminant. A hazardous atmosphere can be immediately
dangerous to life and health.
Hazardous Material: A substance that presents an unusual danger to persons due
to properties of toxicity, chemical reactivity or decomposition. corrosivity. explosion or
detonation, etiological hazards. or similar properties.
ll , ...�....� 1 Jatnriolp (lnnrniir%na: /All nr-fkrifiac nnrfnrmnr-i 4f fhn cram r)f a
hazardous materials incident that expose fire rescue members to the aangers of
13- 7
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
hazardous materials.
�Tt
Health and Fitness Coordinator: The person who. under the supervision of
emergency services physician. has been designated by the department to coordinate
and be responsible for the health and fitness programs of the department.
Health and Safety Officer: The member of emergency services assigned and
authorized as the manager of the safety and health program and who performs the
duties and responsibilities specified in this guideline. This individual can be the
incident safety officer or that can also be a separate function.
Health Data Base: A compilation of records and data that relates to the health
experience of a group of individuals and is maintained in a manner such that it is
retrievable for study and analysis over a period of time.
Health Promotion: Preventive health activities that identify real and potential health
risks in the work environment and that inform, motivate. and otherwise help people to
adopt and maintain healthy practices and lifestyles.
Hot Zone: The area immediately surrounding a hazardous material incident that
extends far enough to prevent adverse effects from the release of hazardous
materials to personnel outside the zone. This zone is also referred to as the "exclusion
zone" or "restricted zone" in other documents.
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH): Any atmosphere that poses an
immediate hazard to life or produces immediate irreversible debilitating effects on
health.
Incident Action Plan: The objectives reflecting the overall incident strategy, tactics,
risk management. and member safety that are developed by the incident commander.
Incident action plans are updated throughout the incident.
Incident Commander: The emergency service member in overall command of an
emergency incident.
Incident Management System (IMS): An organized system of roles, responsibilities.
and standard operating procedures used to manage emergency operations. Such
systems are often referred to as incident command systems (ICS).
Incident Safety Officer: An individual appointed to respond or assigned at an
incident scene by the incident commander to perform the duties and responsibilities
specified in this guideline. This individual can be the incident safety officer or can be a
separate individual, appointed by the incident commander, or a pre -designated
13-8
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL �'r
6
Infection Control Program: Emergency services formal policy and impiementation
of procedures relating to the control of infectious and communicable disease f azards
where employees, patients. or the general public could be exposed to blood, body
fluids. or other potentially infectious materials in the emergency services work
environment.
Infectious Disease: An illness or disease resulting from invasion of a host by
disease -producing organisms such as bacteria, viruses. fungi, or parasites.
Interface Area: An area of the body where the protective garments, helmet, gloves.
footwear, or SCBA facepiece meet (i.e., the protective coat/helmet/SCBA facepiece
area, the protective coat/protective trouser area, the protective coat/glove area, and
the protective trouser/footwear area).
Interface Components: Elements of the protective ensemble that are designed to
provide limited protection to interface areas.
Life Safety Harness System Components: The following are utilized for fall arrest
and rappelling operations:
Class I Life Safety Harness. Harness that fastens around waist and around
thighs or under buttocks and designed to be used for emergency escape with
one -person loads (300 pounds).
Class II Life Safety Harness. Harness that fastens around waist and around
thighs or under buttocks and designed for rescue where two -person loads can
be encountered (600 pounds).
Class III Life Safety Harness. Harness that fastens around waist, around thighs
or under buttocks, and over shoulders and designed for rescue where two -
person loads can be encountered (600 pounds) and where inverting might
occur. Class III life safety harnesses shall be permitted to consist of one or
more parts.
Medical Evaluation: The analysis of information for the purpose of making a
determination of medical certification. Medical evaluation can include a medical
examination.
Member: A person involved in performing the duties and responsibilities of
emergency services,, under the auspices of the department and organization. A
emergency service member can be a full-time or part-time employee or a paid or
unpaid volunteer, can occupy any position or rank within the department. and can
engage in emergency operations.
Member Assistance Program (MAP): A generic term used to descrioe the various
13-9
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL m400
methods
t ods used in emergency services for the control of alcohol and other substance
abuse. stress, and personal problems that adversely affect member performance.
Member Organization: An organization formed to represent the collective and
individual rights and interests of the members of emergency services, such as a labor
union or fire fighters' association. This definition includes any organization authorized
to represent the interests of its members in dealing with emergency services
management.
Occasionally Assigned: The infrequent fire -fighting responsibility in a given
jurisdiction, district, or area. Fire -fighting situations that are less likely to occur or that
occur on an infrequent basis within the response area.
Occupational Illness: An illness or disease contracted through or aggravated by the
performance of the duties, responsibilities, and functions of emergency service
members.
Occupational Injury: An injury sustained during the performance of the duties.
responsibilities, and functions of an emergency service member.
Offensive Operations: Actions that involve a direct attack on a fire to directly control
and extinguish the fire, generally performed in the interior of involved structures.
Open -Circuit SCBA. An SCBA in which exhalation is vented to the atmosphere and
not rebreathed. There are two types of open -circuit SCBA: negative -pressure or
demand type and positive -pressure or pressure -demand type.
Oxygen -Deficient Atmosphere: Air atmospheres containing less than 19.5 percent
oxygen by volume at one standard atmosphere pressure.
Personnel Accountability System: A system that readily identifies both the location
and function of all members operating at an incident scene.
Positive -Pressure SCBA: A SCBA, in which the pressure inside the facepiece in
relation to the pressure surrounding the outside of the facepiece, is positive during
both inhalation and exhalation when tested by NIOSH in accordance with 42 CFR 84.
Subpart H.
Pressure -Demand SCBA: See Positive -Pressure SCBA.
Primarily Assigned: The principal fire -fighting responsibility in a given jurisdiction.
district, or area. Fire -fighting situations that are most likely to occur within the
response area.
Procedure: An organizational directive issued by the authority having jurisdiction or
13 - 10
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL !r
by the department that establishes a specific policy that must be followed. QlaeIr
Property Conservation: Those activities directed at stopping or minimizing the dollar
loss to buildings and property from the effects of fire and fire suppression activities or
other emergency situations and the mitigation of those emergencies.
Protective Clothing Ensemble: Multiple elements of clothing and equipment
designed to provide a degree of protection for fire fighters from adverse exposures to
the inherent risks of structural fire -fighting operations and certain other emergency
operations. The elements of the protective ensemble are coats, trousers, coveralls,
helmets, gloves, footwear, and interface components.
Protective Uniform: A unit of textile apparel configured as a shirt, pant, or coverall
and designed to be both the thermal barrier or a portion of the thermal barrier of a
garment element of the protective ensemble and an apparel unit(s) of a station/work
uniform.
Proximity Fire Fighting: Specialized fire -fighting operations that can include the
activities of rescue, fire suppression, and property conservation at incidents involving
fires producing very high levels of conductive, convective, and radiant heat such as
aircraft fires, bulk flammable gas fires, and bulk flammable liquid fires. Specialized
thermal protection from exposure to high levels of radiant heat, as well as thermal
protection from conductive and convective heat, is necessary for persons involved in
such operations due to the scope of these operations and the close distance to the
fire at which these operations are conducted, although direct entry into flame is not
made. These operations usually are exterior operations but might be combined with
interior operations.
Proximity fire fighting is not structural fire fighting but might be combined with
structural fire -fighting operations. Proximity fire fighting also is not entry fire fighting.
See also Approach Fire Fighting, Entry Fire Fighting, and Structural Fire Fighting.
Public Safety Division Director: The highest ranking individual with overall
responsibilities for the Public Safety Division.
Qualified Person: A person who, by possession of a recognized degree. certificate,
professional standing, or skill, and who, by knowledge, training, and experience, has
demonstrated the ability to deal with problems related to the subject matter. the work,
or the project.
Related Activities: Any and all functions that emergency service members can be
called upon to perform in the execution of their duties.
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incident and removing those persons from danger.
fs
13 — 11
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
pacir
Rescue Incident: An emergency incident that primarily involves the rescue of
persons subject to physical danger and may include the provision of emergency
P J P Y 9 Y P 9 y
medical services.
Rescue Services: See Emergency Services.
Risk: A measure of the probability and severity of adverse effects. These adverse
effects result from an exposure to a hazard.
Risk Management: Identification and analysis of exposure to hazards, selection of
appropriate risk management techniques to handle exposures, implementation of
chosen techniques, and monitoring of results, with respect to the health and safety of
members.
Rope: A compact but flexible, torsionally balanced. continuous structure of fibers
produced from strands that are twisted, plaited, or braided together and that serve
primarily to support a load or transmit a force from the point of origin to the point of
application.
Life Safety Rope: Rope dedicated solely for the purpose of supporting people during
rescue, fire fighting, other emergency operations, or during training evaluations. See
also Personal Escape Rope.
r
One -Person Rope: Life safety rope designed to support a one -person load when in
use; also can be used to support a two -person load when used in systems where two
ropes are used as separate and equal members.
Two -Person Rope: Life safety rope designed to support a two -person load when in
use.
Personal Escape Rope: A system component; a single -purpose, one -person, one-
time use. emergency self -escape (self -rescue) rope: not classified as a life safety
rope. See also Life Safety Rope.
SCBA: See Self -Contained Breathing Apparatus.
Seat Belt: A two -point lap belt, a three-point lap/shoulder belt, or a four -point
lap/shoulder harness for vehicle occupants designed to limit their movement in the
event of an accident, rapid acceleration. or rapid deceleration by securing individuals
safely to a vehicle in a seated position. See also Vehicle Safety Harness.
Self -Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA): A respirator worn by the user that
!:2S o that i¢ either rgrrled in or aenerated by the
apparatus and is independent of the ambient environment.
13 - 12
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL ow
colt
/")
Service Testing: The regular, periodic inspection and testing of apparatus and
equipment. according to an established schedule and guideline. to ensure that they
are in safe and functional operating condition.
Shall: Indicates a mandatory requirement.
Should: Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not required.
Special Operations: Those emergency incidents to which emergency services
responds that require specific and advanced training and specialized tools and
equipment. Special operations include water rescue, extrication, hazardous materials,
confined space entry, high -angle rescue, aircraft rescue and fire fighting, and other
operations requiring specialized training.
Standard Operating Guideline: An organizational directive that establishes and
outlines a course of action that allows skilled judgement and adaptability in
application.
Structural Fire Fighting: The activities of rescue, fire suppression, and property
conservation in buildings, enclosed structures, aircraft interiors, vehicles, vessels, or
like properties that are involved in a fire or emergency situation.
Tactical Level Management Unit: A management unit identified in the incident f
management system commonly known as "division," "group," or "sector."
Vehicle Safety Harness: A restraint device for vehicle occupants designed to limit
their movement in the event of an accident, rapid acceleration, or rapid deceleration
by securing individuals safely to a vehicle either in a seated position or tethered to the
vehicle. See also Seat Belt.
Wildland Fire Fighting: The activities of fire suppression and property conservation
in vegetation that is not within structures but is involved in a fire situation.
Working Structural Fire: Any fire that requires the use of a 1-1/2-inch (3.8-cm) or
larger fire attack hose line and that also requires the use of self-contained breathing
apparatus for members entering the hazardous area.
13.2 Organization
A. Emergency Services Organizational Statement
1. Emergency Services shall prepare and maintain a written statement or
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department is authorized and expected to perform, and the basic organizational
13 - 13
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
structure.
2. Emergency Services shall prepare and maintain written policies and
standard operating procedures that document the organization structure,
membership, roles and responsibilities, expected functions. and training
requirements, including the following:
a. The types of standard evolutions that are expected to be performed
and the evolutions that must be performed simultaneously or in
sequence for different types of situations
b. The minimum number of members who are required to perform each
function or evolution and the manner in which the function is to be
performed
c. The number and types of apparatus and the number of personnel
that will be dispatched to different types of incidents
d. The procedures that will be employed to initiate and manage
operations at the scene of an emergency incident
3. The organizational statement and procedures shall be available for
inspection by members or their designated representative.
B. Risk Management Plan
1. Emergency Services in conjunction with the county's Risk Management
Section shall develop and adopt a comprehensive written risk management
plan. The risk management plan shall consider all emergency service policies
and procedures, and it shall include goals and objectives to ensure that the
risks associated with the operations of the department are identified and
effectively managed.
2. The risk management plan shall at least cover the risks associated with
the following:
a. Administration
b. Facilities
c. Training
d. Vehicle operations, both emergency and non -emergency
e. Protective clothing and equipment
f. Operations at emergency incidents
g. Operations at non -emergency incidents
t i, I'JU ICI i e;a,e J ttY IUGJ
13 - 14
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL45
3. The risk management plan shall include at least the following
components:
a. Risk Identification. Actual and potential hazards
b. Risk Evaluation. Likelihood of occurrence of a given hazard and
severity of its consequences
c. Risk Control Techniques. Solutions for elimination or mitigation of
potential hazards: implementation of best solution
d. Risk Management Monitoring. Evaluation of effectiveness of risk
control techniques
C. Policy
1. The department shall adopt an official written departmental occupational
safety and health policy that identifies specific goals and objectives for the
prevention and elimination of accidents and occupational injuries, exposures to
communicable disease, illnesses, and fatalities. It shall be the policy of
emergency services to seek and to provide an occupational safety and health
program that complies with this guideline for its members. (19
2. The department shall evaluate the effectiveness of the occupational
safety and health program at least once every three years. An audit report of
the findings shall be submitted to the EMS Director and Fire Rescue Director
and to the members of the occupational safety and health committee.
D. Roles and Responsibilities
1. It shall be the responsibility of the department and the county Safety
Manager to research, develop, implement, and enforce an occupational safety
and health program that recognizes and reduces the inherent risks involved in
the operations of the department.
a. The department and county's Safety Manager shall be responsible
for compliance with all applicable laws and legal requirements with
respect to member safety and health.
b. The department shall establish and enforce rules. regulations. and
standard operating procedures and/or guidelines to reach the objectives
of this guideline.
13 - 15
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
2. The aepartment and the county s Safety Manager shall be responsible
for developing and implementing an accident investigation procedure.
a. All accidents, injuries, fatalities. illnesses. and exposures involving
members shall be investigated.
b. All accidents involving department vehicles, equipment. or
emergency service facilities shall be investigated.
c. The department shall take whatever appropriate corrective action that
is necessary to avoid repetitive occurrences of accidents and exposure
to communicable diseases.
d. Records of such investigations shall be kept in accordance with the
applicable provisions of this chapter.
3. Each individual member of the department shall cooperate, participate.
and comply with the provisions of the occupational safety and health program.
It shall be the right of each member to be protected by an effective
occupational safety and health program and to participate or be represented in
the research, development, implementation, evaluation, and enforcement of the
program.
(
E. Health and Safety Officer
1. The EMS Director and Fire Rescue Director shall appoint a designated
department health and safety officer. This position shall comply with the
requirements of NFPA 1521, Standard for Fire Department Safety Officer.
2. The department health and safety officer shall be responsible for the
management of the occupational safety and health program and coordinate
activities with the County Safety Office and applicable occupational policies.
3. The EMS Director and Fire Rescue Director shall assign or make
available in accordance with Chapter 2 of NFPA 1521, Standard for Fire
Department Safety Officer, such additional assistant safety officers and
resources as required to fulfill the requirements of the occupational safety and
health program.
F. Occupational Safety and Health Committee
1. The Monroe County Safety/Accident Review Board will serve as the
nr r-i inatir)naf cgfety anri ha�ith r ommitteA in an gdvisnry r'anar'ity trn thA EMS
Director and Fire Rescue Director.
13 - 16
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL e
�
aevl
G.
The following representatives may sit on this board in an advisory capacity: the
designated department health and safety officer, representatives of department
management, and individual members or representatives of member
organizations. The committee shall also be permitted to include other persons.
If these representatives feel they would be more effective they can develop an
occupational safety and health committee.
Representatives of member organizations shall be selected by their respective
organizations, but the EMS Director and Fire Rescue Director shall appoint
other committee members to the safety committee.
2. The purpose of this committee shall be to conduct research, develop
recommendations, and study and review matters pertaining to occupational
safety and health within the department.
3. The committee shall hold regularly scheduled meetings and shall be
permitted to hold special meetings whenever necessary. Regular meetings
shall be held at least once every six months. Written minutes of each meeting
shall be retained and shall be made available to all members.
Records
1. The department in conjunction with the county's Safety Manager shall
establish a data collection system and maintain permanent records of all
accidents, injuries, illnesses, exposures to infectious agents and communicable
diseases, or deaths that are or might be job related.
2. The data collection system shall also maintain individual records of any
occupational exposure to known or suspected toxic products or infectious or
communicable diseases.
3. The department shall assure that a confidential health record for each
member and a health data base is maintained as specified in Chapter 13.8 of
this guideline.
4. The department shall maintain training records for each member
indicating dates, subjects covered. satisfactory completion, and, if any.
certifications achieved.
5. The department shall assure that inspection, maintenance, repair, and
service records are maintained for all vehicles and equipment used for
emergency operations and training.
13 - 17
N
MONROF COUNTY SAFFTY POI KIPS AfUn PROC1=r111R1=5 MANI JAL
13.3 Training and Education
A. General Requirements
1. The department shall establish and maintain a training and education
program with a goal of preventing occupational accidents, deaths, injuries. and
illnesses.
2. The training and education provided to members shall address all of the
applicable provisions of this guideline.
Equivalent levels of training shall be permitted as specified in this guideline.
3. The department shall provide training and education for all department
members commensurate with the duties and functions that they are expected
to perform. Members shall be provided with training and education appropriate
for their duties and responsibilities before being permitted to engage in
emergency operations.
4. The department shall provide training and education for all members to
assure that they are able to perform their assigned duties in a safe manner that
does not pose a hazard to themselves or to other members.
5. All training and education shall be provided by qualified persons.
6. Department training officers, when applicable, shall at least meet the
qualifications for Instructor I as specified in NFPA 1041, Standard for Fire
Service Instructor Professional Qualifications.
7. The training program for all members engaged in emergency operations
shall include procedures for the safe exit of members from the dangerous area
in the event of equipment failure or sudden changes in conditions.
8. Training in emergency operations shall be based on standard operating
procedures. These procedures shall be maintained in written form (in
conjunction with the department risk management plan) and shall address
anticipated emergency scene operations.
9. Training exercises shall be conducted in accordance with the
established standard operating procedures and shall be supervised by qualified
instructors.
10. All members who are likely to be involved in emergency operations shall
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specified in this guideline.
13 - 18
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
B. Training Requirements
1. All career members who engage in structural fire fighting shall meet the
minimum requirements of Fire Fighter I as specified in NFPA 1001, Standard
on Fire Fighter Professional Qualifications. All volunteer firefighters shall at
least meet the requirements as specified by the Fire Rescue Director.
2. Any training involving live fire -fighting exercises shall be conducted in
compliance with NFPA 1403, Standard on Live Fire Training Evolutions.
3. All fire apparatus drivers/operators shall meet the applicable
requirements specified in, NFPA 1002, Standard for Fire Department Vehicle
Driver/Operator Professional Qualifications.
4. Any member who is primarily assigned to aircraft rescue and fire fighting
shall meet the requirements specified in NFPA 1003, Standard for Airport Fire
Fighter Professional Qualifications.
5. All career fire officers shall at least meet the requirements for Fire Officer
I as specified in NFPA 1021, Standard for Fire Officer Professional
Qualifications. All volunteer fire officers shall at least meet the requirements as
specified by fire rescue services.
6. All members who engage in wildland fire fighting shall meet the
requirements for wildland fire fighters as specified in NFPA 1051. Standard for
Wildland Fire Fighter Professional Qualifications.
7. All members who engage in emergency medical services shall meet the
requirements F.S. 381.0034. FCA 64E-2008 and 64E-2.009.
8. All members shall meet the training requirements for infectious disease
control as specified by the Emergency Services Department's Physician.
(Medical Director), and Infection Control Program.
9. All members who respond to incidents involving the release or potential
release of hazardous substances shall meet at least the requirements for First
Responder Operations Level as specified in NFPA 472, Standard for
Professional Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials Incidents.
10. All members who respond to marine vessel fires from land -based
companies shall be trained to meet the requirements of NFPA 1405. Guide for
Land -Based Fire Fighters Who Respond to Marine Vessel Fires.
11. All members who engage in emergency operations shall be trained
13 - 19
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
0V wo,
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commensurate with their duties and responsibilities. Training shall be as
frequent as necessary to ensure that members can perform their assigned
duties in a safe and competent manner but shall not be less frequent than
specified in this section.
The department shall assure that all members who engage in fire -fighting
operations are aware of the flammability and thermal stability characteristics of
various types of fabrics used in clothing.
12. Members who use respiratory protection equipment at emergency
incidents or in hazardous or potentially hazardous atmospheres shall be
qualified to use respiratory protection. Members shall be trained for each type
and model of respiratory protection they are required to use.
13. The individual officers in charge of fire prevention, maintenance,
communications, and other specialized bureaus shall be responsible for special
training needed by the personnel assigned to their particular staff function.
They shall coordinate this special training with other programs of the
department and with the training officer.
14. Where the department is responsible for nonstructural fire -fighting
operations, including but not limited to wildland or other exterior fires, the
department shall provide training in such fire -fighting operations in compliance
with NFPA 1403, Standard on Live Fire Training Evolutions.
15. These training sessions shall be in addition to the training required in
this chapter for members who are also assigned to structural fire -fighting
duties.
16. Smoke -generating devices that produce a hazardous atmosphere shall
not be used in training exercises.
Frequency
1. Training shall be provided for all members as often as necessary to
meet the applicable requirements of this chapter, but not less than twice each
year.
2. Whenever changes in standard operating procedures or technology are
introduced, or new hazards are identified in the work environment. appropriate
training and education shall be provided for all affected members.
3. Where the department is responsible for structural fire -fighting
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monthly.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL f
4. Members who engage in structural fire fighting shall attend a minimum of
10 monthly structural fire -fighting training sessions. Members shall participate
in at least 24 hours of structural fire -fighting training annually.
5. Members who are primarily assigned to nonstructural fire -fighting
operations shall attend nonstructural fire -fighting training sessions consisting of
at least 24 hours of training annually.
6. Members who occasionally are assigned to nonstructural fire -fighting
operations shall attend nonstructural fire -fighting training sessions consisting of
at least nine hours annually.
D. Special Operations
1. Specific and advanced training and education shall be provided to
members who engage in special operations.
2. The department shall develop written standard operating procedures
and/or guidelines that describe the actions to be taken in situations involving
special operations and shall include these standard operating procedures
and/or guidelines in the advanced training and education program.
3. All members who are likely to be involved in hazardous materials
mitigation shall be trained to the appropriate level above First Responder
Operations in accordance with NFPA 472, Standard for Professional
Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials Incidents.
13.4 Vehicles, Equipment and Drivers
A. Emergency Service Vehicles
1. The department shall consider safety and health as primary concerns in
the specification, design, construction, acquisition, operation. maintenance,
inspection, and repair of all emergency service department vehicles.
2. All new fire apparatus, including but not limited to pumpers, initial fire
attack. mobile water supply, ladder and elevating platforms. and special service
apparatus, shall be specified and ordered to meet the applicable requirements
of NFPA 1901. Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus. All licensed
ambulances shall be spec and ordered to meet KKK-1822. FAC 64E-2.
3. All new wildland fire apparatus shall be specified and ordered to meet
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
to olg r,
4. Where tools. equipment. or respiratory protection are carried within
enclosed seating areas of emergency vehicles. such items shall be secured by
either a positive mechanical means of holding the item in its stowed position.or
in a compartment with a positive latching door. The means of holding the item
in place or the compartment shall be designed to minimize injury to persons in
the enclosed area of the vehicle caused by loose equipment during travel and
in the event of an accident. a rapid deceleration, or a rapid acceleration.
B. Drivers/Operators of Emergency Service Apparatus
1. Department vehicles shall be operated only by members who have
successfully completed an approved driver training program or by student
drivers who are under the supervision of a qualified driver. Driver/operators of
fire apparatus shall meet the requirements specified in Chapter 13.3 of this
guideline. Driver/operators of an ambulance shall meet F.S. 401. FAC 64E-
2.012,
2. Drivers of department vehicles shall have valid driver's licenses.
Vehicles shall be operated in compliance with all traffic laws, including sections
pertaining to emergency vehicles, and any requirements of the authority having
jurisdiction.
3. Drivers of department vehicles shall be directly responsible for the safe
and prudent operation of the vehicles under all conditions. When the driver is
under the direct supervision of an officer, that officer shall also assume
responsibility for the actions of the driver.
4. Drivers shall not move department vehicles until all persons on the
vehicle are seated and secured with seat belts in approved riding positions,
other than as specifically allowed in this chapter.
5. During non -emergency travel, drivers of department vehicles shall obey
all traffic control signals and signs and all laws and rules of the road of the
jurisdiction for the operation of motor vehicles:
6. The department shall develop standard operating procedures for safely
driving department vehicles during non -emergency travel and emergency
response and shall include specific criteria for vehicle speed, crossing
intersections, traversing railroad grade crossings, and the use of emergency
warning devices. Such procedures for emergency response shall emphasize
that the safe arrival of department vehicles at the emergency scene is the first
priority.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL OEU
e' '�
7. During emergency response, drivers of department vehicles shall bring
the vehicle to a complete stop under any of the following circumstances,
a. When directed by a law enforcement officer
b. Red traffic lights
c. Stop signs
d. Negative right-of-way intersections
e. Blind intersections
f. When the driver cannot account for all lanes of traffic in an
intersection
g. When other intersection hazards are present
h. When encountering a stopped school bus with flashing warning lights
Drivers shall proceed through intersections only when the driver can account
for all lanes of traffic in the intersection.
8. During emergency response or non -emergency travel, drivers of
department vehicles shall come to a complete stop at all unguarded railroad
grade crossings. Drivers shall assure that it is safe to proceed before crossing
the railroad track(s). Drivers shall also use caution when approaching and
crossing any guarded grade railroad crossing.
9. The department shall include in the driver training program information
on the potential hazards of retarders, such as engine, transmission, and
driveline retarders, and shall develop written procedures pertaining to the use
of such retarders.
10. The department shall develop written procedures requiring drivers to
discontinue the use of manual brake limiting valves, frequently labeled as a
"wet road/dry road" switch. and requiring that the valve/switch remains in the
"dry road'' position.
C. Persons Riding in Apparatus
1. All persons riding in apparatus shall be seated and belted securely by
seat belts in approved riding positions and at any time the vehicle is in motion
other than as allowed in this section. Standing or riding on tail steps. sidesteps.
running boards, or in any other exposed position shall be specifically prohibited.
Seatbelts shall not be released or loosened for any purpose while the vehicle is
in motion. including the donning of respiratory protection equipment or
protective clothing.
a. Members actively performing necessary emergency medical care
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belt, or by a safety harness designed for occupant restraint, to the extent
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL 4"
poet&
consistent with the effective provision of such emergency medical care
All other persons in the vehicle shall be seated and belted in approved
riding positions while the vehicle is in motion.
b. Written standard operating procedures and/or guidelines addressing
all safety aspects shall be develop for hose loading operations while the
vehicle is in motion.
2. Helmets and eye protection shall be provided for and used by persons
riding in cabs or tiller seats that are not enclosed on at least three sides and the
top.
3. On existing apparatus where there is an insufficient number of seats
available for the number of members assigned to or expected to ride on that
piece of apparatus, alternate means of transportation that provide seating
positions shall be used. Such alternate means of transportation shall include.
but not be limited to. other fire apparatus, automobiles, or vans.
4. All new apparatus shall be specified and ordered in accordance with the
appropriate apparatus standard specified in this chapter with a sufficient
number of seats in a fully enclosed personnel area for the maximum number of
persons expected to ride on the vehicle at any time. The fully enclosed
personnel area shall consist of a roof, a floor, and four sides, with positive
latching doors that provide total enclosure.
D. Inspection, Maintenance and Repair of Apparatus
1. All department vehicles shall be inspected at least weekly, within 24
hours after any use or repair, and prior to being placed in service or used for
emergency purposes to identify and correct unsafe conditions.
2. A preventive maintenance program shall be established. and records
shall be maintained as specified in this guideline. Qualified persons in
accordance with manufacturers instructions shall perform maintenance,
inspections, and repairs. Manufacturer's instructions shall be considered as
minimum criteria for the maintenance, inspection. and repair of equipment.
3. The department shall establish a list of major defects to be utilized to
evaluate when a vehicle shall be declared unsafe. Any department vehicle
found to be unsafe shall be placed out of service until repaired.
4. All repairs to department apparatus shall be made by qualified persons
experienced with the type of vehicle or the type of work to be performed in
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL el t- n,
5. Fire pumps on apparatus shall be service tested in accordance voth the
applicable requirements of NFPA 1911, Standard for Service Tests of Pumps
on Fire Department Apparatus.
6. All aerial devices shall be inspected and service tested in accordance
with the applicable requirements of NFPA 1914. Standard for Testing Fire
Department Aerial Devices.
7. All department apparatus shall be cleaned and disinfected after
responding to an emergency medical incident where the potential for
contamination from exposure to communicable diseases could have occurred.
Cleaning and disinfecting shall be in accordance with NFPA 1581, Standard on
Fire Department Infection Control Program.
E. Tools and Equipment
1. The department shall consider safety and health as primary concerns in
the specification, design, construction, acquisition, operation, maintenance,
inspection, and repair of all tools and equipment.
The hearing conservation objectives of this guideline shall be taken into
account in the acquisition of new power tools and power equipment.
2. All new department ground ladders shall be specified and ordered to
meet the applicable requirements of NFPA 1931, Standard on Design of and
Design Verification Tests for Fire Department Ground Ladders.
3. All new fire hose shall be specified and ordered to meet the applicable
requirements of NFPA 1961, Standard on Fire Hose.
4. All new department spray nozzles shall be specified and ordered to meet
the applicable requirements of NFPA 1964. Standard for Spray Nozzles
(Shutoff and Tip).
5. All equipment carried on apparatus or designated for training shall be
inspected at least weekly and within 24 hours after any use. Inventory records
shall be maintained for the equipment carried on each vehicle. Records shall
also be maintained for equipment designated for training.
6. All equipment carried on apparatus or designated for training shall be
tested at least annually in accordance with manufacturer's instructions and
applicable standards.
7. Medical or fire -fighting equipment found to be defective or in
unserviceable condition shall be removed from service and repaired or
13-25
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
replaced.
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8. All department equipment and tools shall be cleaned and disinfected
after responding to an emergency medical incident where the potential for
contamination from exposure to communicable diseases might have occurred.
Cleaning and disinfecting shall be in accordance the department's Infection
Control Program.
9. All ground ladders shall be inspected and service tested in accordance
with the applicable requirements of NFPA 1932. Standard on Use,
Maintenance, and Service Testing of Fire Department Ground Ladders.
10. All fire hose shall be inspected and service tested in accordance with the
applicable requirements of NFPA 1962, Standard for the Care, Use, and
Service Testing of Fire Hose Including Couplings and Nozzles.
11. All fire extinguishers shall be inspected and tested in accordance with
the applicable requirements of NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire
Extinguishers.
13.5 Protective Clothing and Protective Equipment
A. General
1. Emergency services shall provide each member with the appropriate
protective clothing and protective equipment to provide protection from the
hazards to which the member is or is likely to be exposed. Such protective
clothing and protective equipment shall be suitable for the tasks that the
member is expected to perform.
2. Protective clothing and protective equipment shall be used whenever the
member is exposed or potentially exposed to the hazards for which it is
provided.
3. Members shall be fully trained in the care, use, inspection, maintenance,
and limitations of the protective clothing and protective equipment assigned to
them or available for their use.
4. Structural fire -fighting protective clothing shall be periodically cleaned at
least every 6 months as specified in NFPA 1581, Standard on Fire Department
Infection Control Program,
5. Cleaning processes for protective clothing ensembles shall be
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cleaned.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL ,00r
0
6. Where station/work uniforms are worn by members, such station/work }
uniforms shall meet the requirements of NFPA 1975. Standard on Station/Work
Uniforms for Fire Fighters.
7. While on duty, members shall not wear any clothing that is unsafe due to
poor thermal stability or poor flame -resistant characteristics of the fabric(s).
8. The department shall provide for the cleaning of protective clothing and
station/work uniforms. Such cleaning shall be performed either by a cleaning
service that is familiar with the proper procedures and equipped to handle
contaminated clothing or by a department facility that is equipped to handle
contaminated clothing.
Where such cleaning is conducted in emergency service stations, the
department shall provide at least one washing machine for this purpose in the
designated cleaning area specified in the department's Infection Control
Program.
B. Protective Clothing for Structural Fire Fighting
1. Members who engage in or are exposed to the hazards of structural fire
fighting shall be provided with and shall use a protective ensemble that shall
meet the applicable requirements of NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective K,
Ensemble for Structural Fire Fighting.
a. There shall be at least a 2-in. (5.08-cm) overlap of all layers of the
protective coat and the protective trousers so there is no gaping of the
total thermal protection when the protective garments are worn. The
minimum overlap shall be determined by measuring the garments on the
wearer. without SCBA. in both of the following positions:
Position A. Standing, hands together reaching overhead as high as
possible.
Position B. Standing, hands together reaching overhead, with body
bent forward, to the side, and to the back as much as possible.
b. Single piece protective coveralls shall not be required to have an
overlap of all layers provided there is continuous composite protection.
c. Protective coats with protective resilient wristlets secured through a
thumb opening shall be permitted to provide gloves of the gauntlet type
for use with these protective coats. Where not provide such wristlets
attarhrzri to all nro-tective coats shall nrrnviHm nlnvpc of tha utrictlrlt ulna
for use with these protective coats.
13-27
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL �
0
d. Protective clothing and protective equipment shall be used anj
maintained in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. The
department shall establish a maintenance and inspection program for
protective clothing and protective equipment. Specific responsibilities
shall be assigned for inspection and maintenance.
C. Respiratory Protection
1. The department shall adopt and maintain a respiratory protection
program that addresses the selection, inspection, safe use, and maintenance of
respiratory protection equipment, training in its use, and the assurance of air
quality testing. Members shall be tested and certified at least annually in the
safe and proper use of respiratory protection equipment that they are
authorized to use.
The respiratory protection program shall meet the requirements of NFPA 1404.
Standard for a Fire Department Self -Contained Breathing Apparatus Program.
2. The department shall have written standard operating procedures and/or
guidelines to address the safe use of respiratory protection in hazardous
atmospheres that can be encountered in normal operations and in
emergencies.
3. The department shall provide to all -members and require all members
to use SCBA that meets NFPA 1981, Standard on Open -Circuit Self -Contained
Breathing Apparatus for Fire Fighters, when engaged in any operations where
they might encounter atmospheres that are immediately dangerous to life or
health (IDLH) or potentially IDLH or where the atmosphere is unknown.
4. Closed-circuit SCBA shall be permitted when SCBA is required. Closed-
circuit SCBA shall be NIOSH certified with a minimum service duration of at
least 30 minutes and shall operate in the positive -pressure mode only.
S. Members using SCBA shall not compromise the protective integrity of
the SCBA for any reason when operating in a hazardous atmosphere, or in an
atmosphere where the quality of air is unknown, by removing the facepiece or
disconnecting any portion of the SCBA that would allow the ambient
atmosphere to be breathed.
6. Compressed gaseous breathing air for SCBA cylinders shall meet the
requirements of ANSI/CGA G7.1, Commodity Specification for Air, with a
minimum air quality of Grade D, and shall have a dew point level of -650F (-
�A00 rir.,ryr. nnrr+ "i , nr lace\ OnH n mavirni rm nnrtir•i data ION/pl of
mg/m3 air.
13-28
or
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL P if UO;W
7. When the department purchases compressed breathing air in a vtmdor- _
supplied SCBA cylinder, the department shall require the vendor to provide
documentation that a sample of the breathing air obtained directly at the point
of transfer from the vendor's filling system to the SCBA cylinder has been
tested at least quarterly and that it meets the requirements of this section
a. When the department manufacturers its own breathing air, the
department shall be required to provide documentation that a sample of
the breathing air obtained directly from the point of transfer from the
filling system to the SCBA cylinders has been tested at least quarterly
and that it meets the requirements of this section.
b. When the department obtains compressed breathing air from a
supplier and transfers it to other storage cylinders, cascade system
cylinders, storage receivers, and other such storage equipment used for
filling SCBA, the supplier shall be required to provide documentation that
a sample of the breathing air obtained directly at the point of transfer
from the filling system to the storage cylinders, cascade system
cylinders, storage receivers, and other such storage equipment has
been tested at least quarterly and that it meets the requirements of this
section. In addition, the department itself shall obtain documentation that
a sample of the breathing air obtained directly at the point of transfer to
the SCBA cylinders from the storage cylinders, cascade system
cylinders, storage receivers, and other such storage equipment used for
filling SCBA has been tested at least quarterly and that it meets the
requirements of this section.
8. SCBA cylinders shall be hydrostatically tested within the periods
specified by the manufacturers and the applicable governmental agencies.
9. The facepiece seal capability of each member qualified to use SCBA
shall be verified by qualitative fit testing on an annual basis and whenever new
types of SCBA or facepieces are issued. Each. new member shall be tested
before being permitted to use SCBA in a hazardous atmosphere. Only
members with a properly fitting facepiece shall be permitted by the department
to function in a hazardous atmosphere with SCBA.
10. Members who have a beard or facial hair at any point where the SCBA
facepiece is designed to seal with the face, or hair that could interfere with the
operation of the unit, shall not be permitted to use respiratory protection at
emergency incidents or in hazardous or potentially hazardous atmospheres.
These restrictions shall apply regardless of the specific fit test measurement
tnat can ue obtainea ut iUC( ic5t �:,Onuiuut to
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
11. When a member must wear spectacles while using a full facepiece
respiratory protection, the respiratory protection full facepiece shall be fitted
with spectacles in such a manner that it shall not interfere with the facepiece-to-
face seal.
a. Spectacles with any strap or temple bars that pass through the
facepiece-to-face seal area shall be prohibited.
b. Use of contact lenses shall be permitted during full facepiece
respiratory protection use, provided that the member has previously
demonstrated successful long-term contact lens use.
12. Nothing shall be allowed to enter or pass through the area where the
respiratory protection facepiece is designed to seal with the face, regardless of
the specific fit test measurement that can be obtained.
a. Any head covering that passes between the sealing surface of the
respiratory protection facepiece and the member's face shall be
prohibited.
b. The respiratory protection facepiece and head harness with straps
shall be worn under the protective hoods specified in this chapter.
c. The respiratory protection facepiece and head harness with straps
shall be worn under the head protection of any hazardous chemical
protective clothing specified in this guideline.
d. Helmets shall not interfere with the respiratory protection facepiece-
to-face seal.
D. Protective Clothing for Proximity Fire -Fighting Operations
1. Members who engage in or are exposed to the hazards of proximity fire
fighting shall be provided with and shall use both proximity protective coats and
proximity protective trousers, or a proximity protective coverall, for limb/torso
protection. The proximity protective coat and proximity protective trousers, or
the proximity protective coverall, shall meet the applicable requirements of
NFPA 1976. Standard on Protective Clothing for Proximity Fire Fighting, and
shall fulfill the requirements of NFPA 1500.
2. Members who engage in or are exposed to the hazards of proximity fire
fighting shall be provided with and shall use helmets that meet the applicable
requirements of NFPA 1971. Standard on Protective Ensemble for Structural
r li e Fighting, aiid additionai (adiant i Ciiective c, ;ici ica ti at ace app -
expected proximity fire -fighting exposures where the helmet will be used.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
4t��
3. Members who engage in or are exposed to the hazards of proximity fire
fighting shall be provided with and shall use gloves that meet the applicable
requirements of NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Ensemble for Structural
Fire Fighting, and additional radiant reflective criteria that are approved for the
expected proximity fire -fighting exposures where the gloves will be used.
4. Members who engage in or are exposed to the hazards of proximity fire
fighting shall be provided with and shall use footwear that meets the applicable
requirements of NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Ensemble for Structural
Fire Fighting, and additional radiant reflective criteria that are approved for the
expected proximity fire -fighting exposures where the footwear will be used.
5. Members who engage in or are exposed to the hazards of proximity fire
fighting shall be provided with and shall use protective hoods that meet the
applicable requirements of NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Ensemble for
Structural Fire Fighting, and additional radiant reflective criteria that are
approved for the expected proximity fire -fighting exposures where the hood will
be used.
6. Where SCBA is worn over or outside the proximity protective garment,
the department shall inform the member of the potential high levels of radiant
heat that can result in the failure of the SCBA. The department shall require
additional approved radiant reflective criteria, including but not limited to a
protective cover, for the expected proximity fire -fighting exposures when the
SCBA is worn over or outside the proximity protective garment.
E. Protective Clothing for Emergency Medical Operations
1. Members who perform emergency medical care or are otherwise likely
to be exposed to blood or other body fluids shall be provided with emergency
medical garments, emergency medical face protection devices . and
emergency medical gloves by the department.
2. Members shall wear emergency medical gloves when providing
emergency medical care. Patient care shall not be initiated before the gloves
are in place.
The department shall provide all members who perform emergency medical
care or are likely to be exposed to airborne infectious disease with NIOSH-
approved Type C respirators certified to meet 42 CFR 84.
3. Members shall use emergency medical garments and emergency
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splashes of body fluids can occur, such as spurting blood or childbirth.
13-31
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL 400"
4. Contaminated emergency medical garments. emergency medical face
protection devices, and emergency medical gloves shall be cleaned and
disinfected or disposed of in accordance with the departments Infection Control
Program.
5. The department shall provide gloves that meet the requirements of
NFPA 1971. Standard on Protective Ensemble for Structural Fire Fighting,
during operations where sharp or rough edges are likely to be encountered
during emergency medical care operations.
F. Chemical -Protective Clothing for Hazardous Chemical Emergency
Operations
1. Vapor -Protective Garments: Members who engage in operations
during hazardous chemical emergencies that will expose them to known
chemicals in vapor form or to unknown chemicals shall be provided with and
shall use vapor -protective suits. Vapor -protective suits shall meet the
applicable requirements of NFPA 1991, Standard on Vapor -Protective Suits for
Hazardous Chemical Emergencies, and fulfill the requirements of NFPA 1500,
2. Liquid Splash -Protective Garments: Members who engage in
operations during hazardous chemical emergencies that will expose them to
known chemicals in liquid -splash form shall be provided with and shall use
liquid splash -protective suits. Liquid splash -protective suits shall meet the
applicable requirements of NFPA 1992, Standard on Liquid Splash -Protective
Suits for Hazardous Chemical Emergencies and fulfil the requirements of NFPA
1500.
3. Support Function Protective Garments: Members who provide
functional support outside the not zone during hazardous chemical
emergencies shall be provided with and shall use support function protective
garments. Support function protective garments shall meet the applicable
requirements of NFPA 1993, Standard on Support Function Protective Clothing
for Hazardous Chemical Operations, and fulfill the requirements of NFPA 1500.
4. Inspection, Maintenance and Disposal of Chemical -Protective
Clothing
a. All chemical -protective clothing shall be inspected and maintained as
required by the technical data package, manufacturer's instructions. and
manufacturer's recommendations.
a. All cnemicai-protective ciotning tnat receives a signiticant exposure to
a chemical or chemical mixture shall be disposed of if decontamination
13-32
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
will not stop the chemical assault on the garment and the protective
qualities will be diminished or nullified. Disposal shall be in accordance
with applicable state or federal regulations.
G. Protective Clothing and Equipment for Wildland Fire Fighting
1. The department shall establish standard operating procedures and/or
guidelines for the use of wildland protective clothing and equipment.
2. Members who engage in or are exposed to the hazards of wildland fire-
fighting operations shall be provided with and use a protective ensemble that
meets the requirements of NFPA 1977, Standard on Protective Clothing and
Equipment for Wildland Fire Fighting.
3. Protective clothing for wildland fire -fighting operations shall be fitted so
that an overlap of clothing is provided at the waist, ankles, and wrists.
4. Members who engage in or are exposed to the hazards of wildland fire-
fighting operations shall be provided with and use a protective helmet that
meets the requirements of NFPA 1977, Standard on Protective Clothing and
Equipment for Wildland Fire Fighting.
5. Members who engage in or are exposed to the hazards of wildland fire-
fighting operations shall be provided with and use protective gloves that meets
the requirements of NFPA 1977, Standard on Protective Clothing and
Equipment for Wildland Fire Fighting.
6. Members who engage in or are exposed to the hazards of wildland fire-
fighting operations shall be provided with and use protective footwear that
meets the requirements of NFPA 1977, Standard on Protective Clothing and
Equipment for Wildland Fire Fighting.
7. Members who engage in or are exposed to the hazards of wildland fire-
fighting operations shall be provided with an approved fire shelter, in a crush -
resistive case, and wear it in such a way as to allow immediate deployment.
Members shall be trained in the proper deployment of an approved fire shelter,
at least annually.
8. Each member who engages in or is exposed to the hazards of wildland
fire -fighting operations shall be provided with 2 quarts of water. A process shall
be established for the rapid replenishment of water supplies
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fighting operations shall be provided with and use a laminated pocket card
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL aw
to
stating the 10 standard fire -fighting orders. the 18 "watch -out" situations, and
the "LCES" (Lookouts. Communications. Escape routes. and Safety zones)
safety orders.
H. Personal Alert Safety System (PASS)
1. Each member shall be provided with and shall use a PASS device in the
hazardous area. PASS devices shall meet the requirements of NFPA 1982,
Standard on Personal Alert Safety Systems (PASS) for Fire Fighters.
2. Each PASS device shall be tested at least weekly and prior to each use,
and shall be maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
Life Safety Rope and System Components
1. All life safety ropes, harnesses, and hardware used by emergency
services shall meet the applicable requirements of NFPA 1983, Standard on
Fire Service Life Safety Rope and System Components.
2. Rope used to support the weight of members or other persons during
rescue, fire fighting, other emergency operations, or during training evolutions
shall be life safety rope and shall meet the requirements of NFPA 1983,
Standard on Fire Service Life Safety Rope and System Components. Life
safety rope used for any other purpose shall be removed from service and
destroyed.
3. Life safety rope used for rescue at fires or other emergency incidents or
for training shall be permitted to be reused if inspected before and after each
such use in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and provided that
the following criteria are met:
a. The rope has not been visually damaged by exposure to heat. direct
flame impingement, chemical exposure, or abrasion.
b. The rope has not been subjected to any impact load.
c. The rope has not been exposed to chemical liquids, solids, gases,
mists, or vapors of any material known to deteriorate rope.
If the rope used for rescue at fires or other emergency incidents or for training
has been subjected to (a), (b), or (c) or fails the visual inspection. it shall be
destroyed after such use. If there is any question regarding the serviceability of
the rope after consideration of the above. the safe course of action shall be
taken and the rope shall be placed out of service. Life safety rope used for any
other purpose shall be removed from service and destroyed.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL dw
[)at,w
4. Rope inspection shall be conducted by qualified inspectors in
accordance with rope inspection procedures established and recommended as
adequate by the rope manufacturer to assure rope is suitable for reuse.
5. Records shall be maintained to document the use of each life safety
rope used at fires and other emergency incidents or for training.
J. Eye and Face Protection
1. Primary face and eye protection appropriate for a given specific hazard
shall be provided for and used by members exposed to that specific hazard.
Such primary face and eye protection shall meet the requirements of ANSI
Z87.1, Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection.
2. The full facepiece of SCBA shall constitute face and eye protection when
worn. SCBA that has a facepiece-mounted regulator that, when disconnected,
provides a direct path for flying objects to strike the face or eyes, shall have the
regulator attached in order to be considered eye and face protection.
3. When operating in the hazardous area at an emergency scene without
the full facepiece of respiratory protection being worn, members shall deploy
the helmet goggles for eye protection.
K. Hearing Protection
1. Hearing protection shall be provided for and used by all members
operating or riding on emergency apparatus when subject to noise in excess of
90 dBA.
2. Hearing protection shall be provided for and used by all members when
exposed to noise in excess of 90 dBA caused by power tools or equipment,
other than in situations where the use of such protective equipment would
create an additional hazard to the user.
3. The department shall engage in a hearing conservation program to
identify and reduce or eliminate potentially harmful sources of noise in the work
environment. Where audiometric testing indicates a significant hearing loss for
a member, the department shall address these conditions on an individual
basis, as well as take steps to control potentially harmful noise exposure to any
or all other members.
L. New and Existing Protective Clothing and Protective Equipment
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requirements of the current edition, as specified in this guideline. of the
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
respective standards specified in this chapter.
2. Existing protective clothing and protective equipment shall have been in
compliance with the edition of the respective NFPA standard that was current
when the protective clothing or protective equipment was manufactured.
13.6 Emergency Operations
A. Incident Management
1. Emergency operations and other situations that pose similar hazards,
including but not limited to training exercises, shall be conducted in a manner
that recognizes hazards .and prevents accidents and injuries.
2. An incident management system that meets the requirements of NFPA
1561, Standard on Fire Department Incident Management System, shall be
established with written standard operating procedures applying to all members
involved in emergency operations. All members involved in emergency
operations shall be trained in the system. The incident management system
shall be utilized at all emergency incidents. The incident management system
shall also be applied to drills, exercises, and other situations that involve
hazards similar to those encountered at actual emergency incidents and to
simulated incidents that are conducted for training and familiarization purposes.
3. At an emergency incident, the incident commander shall be responsible
for the overall management of the incident and the safety of all members
involved at the scene. As incidents escalate in size and complexity, the incident
commander shall divide the incident into tactical -level management units and
assign an incident safety officer to assess the incident scene for hazards or
potential hazards.
4. At an emergency incident, the incident commander shall establish an
organization with sufficient supervisory personnel to control the position and
function of all members operating at the scene and to ensure that safety
requirements are satisfied.
5. At an emergency incident, the incident commander shall have the
responsibility for the following:
a. Arrive on -scene before assuming command.
b. Assume and confirm command of an incident and take an effective
command position.
c. Perform situation evaluation that includes risk assessment.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL i"
oeu`ft I
d. Initiate, maintain. and control incident communications.
e. Develop an overall strategy and an incident action plan, and assign
companies and members consistent with the standard operating
procedures.
f. Develop an effective incident organization by managing resources,
maintaining an effective span of control, and maintaining direct
supervision over the entire incident, and designate supervisors in charge
of specific areas or functions.
g. Review, evaluate, and revise the incident action plan as required.
h. Continue, transfer, and terminate command.
I. On incidents under the command authority of emergency services.
provide for liaison and coordination with all other cooperating agencies.
j. On incidents where other agencies have jurisdiction, implement a plan
that designates one incident commander or that provides for unified
command. Interagency coordination shall meet the requirements of
Section 2-3 of NFPA 1561, Standard on Fire Department Incident
Management System.
6. The department shall establish and ensure the maintenance of a
emergency dispatch and incident communication system that meets the
requirements of Section 2-2 of NFPA 1561, Standard on Fire Department
Incident Management System.
B. Risk Management During Emergency Operations
1. The incident commander shall integrate risk management into the
regular functions of incident command.
a. The concept of risk management shall be utilized on the basis of the
following principles:
1.) Activities that present a significant risk to the safety of
members shall be limited to situations where there is a potential to
save endangered lives.
1 Activities that are routinely emoloved to protect nronerty shall
be recognized as inherent risks to the safety of members. and
actions shall be taken to reduce or avoid these risks.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL i
3.) No risk to the safety of members shall be acceptable when
there is no possibility to save lives or property.
b. The incident commander shall evaluate the risk to members with
respect to the purpose and potential results of their actions in each
situation. In situations where the risk to department members is
excessive, as defined by this section, activities shall be limited to
defensive operations.
2. Risk management principles shall be routinely employed by supervisory
personnel at all levels of the incident management system to define the limits of
acceptable and unacceptable positions and functions for all members at the
incident scene.
3. At significant incidents and special operations incidents, the incident
commander shall assign an incident safety officer that has the expertise to
evaluate hazards and provide direction with respect to the overall safety of
personnel.
4. At civil disturbances or incidents involving the risk for physical violence,
the incident commander shall ensure that appropriate protective equipment
(e.g., body armor) is available and used before members are allowed to enter
the hazard area.
5. At terrorist incidents or other incidents involving potential nuclear,
biological, and chemical exposure, the incident commander shall exercise risk
management practice and ensure that appropriate protective equipment is
available for and used by members at risk.
C. Accountability
1. The department shall establish written standard operating procedures
and/or guidelines for a personnel accountability system that is in accordance
with Section 2-6 of NFPA 1561, Standard on Fire Department Incident
Management System, and that provides for the tracking and inventory of all
members operating at an emergency incident. The system shall provide a rapid
accounting of all personnel at the incident scene.
The department shall consider local conditions and characteristics in
establishing the requirements of the personnel accountability system.
2. It shall he the rasnonsibility of all mQmhPrz nnpratinr7 et an amarnanw
incident to actively participate in the personnel accountability system.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL If
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3. The incident commander shall be responsible for overall personnel
accountability for the incident. The incident commander shall initiate an
accountability and inventory worksheet at the very beginning of operations and �
shall maintain that system throughout operations.
a. The incident commander shall maintain an awareness of the location
and function of all companies or units at the scene of the incident.
b. Officers assigned the responsibility for a specific tactical level
management unit at an incident shall directly supervise and account for
the companies operating in their specific area of responsibility.
c. Company officers shall maintain companies and an ongoing
awareness of the location and condition of all company members.
d. Where assigned as a company, members shall be responsible to
remain as a company under the supervision of their assigned company
officer.
e. Members shall be responsible for following personnel accountability
system procedures.
4. The personnel accountability system shall be used at all incidents.
5. The department shall develop the system components required to make
the personnel accountability system effective.
6. Standard operating procedures and/or guidelines shall be established for
the use of additional accountability officers based on the size, complexity, or
needs of the incident.
7. The incident commander and members who are assigned a supervisory
responsibility for a tactical level management unit that involves multiple
companies or crews under their command shall have assigned a member(s) to
facilitate the ongoing tracking and accountability of all assigned companies.
D. Members Operating at Emergency Incidents
1. The department shall provide an adequate number of personnel to
safely conduct emergency scene operations. Operations shall be limited to
those that can be safely performed by the personnel available at the scene. No
member or members shall commence or perform any fire -fighting function or
evolution that is not within the established safety criteria of the organizational
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
2. When inexperienced members are working at an incident, direct
supervision shall be provided by more experienced officers or member,.,. This
requirement shall not reduce the training reouirements contained in Chapter
13.3 of this guideline.
3. Members operating in hazardous areas at emergency incidents shall
operate in teams of two or more. Team members operating in hazardous areas
shall be in communication with each other through visual. audible. or physical
means or safety guide rope, in order to coordinate their activities. Team
members shall be in close proximity to each other to provide assistance in case
of emergency.
4. In the initial stages of an incident where only one team is operating in
the hazardous area at a working structural fire, a minimum of four individuals is
required, consisting of two individuals working as a team in the hazard area
and two individuals present outside this hazard area for assistance or rescue at
emergency operations where entry into the danger area is required.
The standby members shall be responsible for maintaining a constant
awareness of the number and identity of members operating in the hazardous
area, their location and function, and time of entry. The standby members shall
remain in radio, visual, voice, or signal line communications with the team.
a. The "initial stages" of an incident shall encompass the tasks
undertaken by the first arriving company with only one team assigned or
operating in the hazardous area.
b. One standby member shall be permitted to perform other duties
outside of the hazardous area, such as apparatus operator. incident
commander, or technician or aide. provided constant communication is
maintained between the standby member and the members of the team.
The assignment of any personnel, including the incident commander, the
safety officer, or operators of fire apparatus, shall not be permitted as
standby personnel if by abandoning their critical task(s) to assist or, if
necessary, perform rescue, they clearly jeopardize the safety and health
of any fire fighter working at the incident. No one shall be permitted to
serve as a standby member of the fire -fighting team when the other
activities in which he/she is engaged inhibit his/her ability to assist in or
perform rescue, if necessary, or are of such importance that they cannot
be abandoned without placing other fire fighters in danger_
c. The standby member shall be provided with at least the appropriate
full protective clothing, protective equipment. and SCBA as required in
C11cptc, 115
equipment, and SCBA shall be immediately accessible for use by the
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
outside team if the need for rescue activities inside the hazard aria is
necessary. The standby members shall don full protective clothin 3,
protective equipment. and SCBA prior to entering the hazard area.
d. When only a single team is operating in the hazardous area in the
initial stages of the incident, this standby member shall be permitted to
assist, or if necessary perform, rescue for members of his/her team.
providing abandoning his/her task does not jeopardize the safety or
health of the team. Once a second team is assigned or operating in the
hazardous area, the incident shall no longer be considered in the "initial
stage," and at least one rapid intervention crew shall be required.
e. Initial attack operations shall be organized to ensure that, if upon
arrival at the emergency scene, initial attack personnel find an imminent
life -threatening situation where immediate action could prevent the loss
of life or serious injury, such action shall be permitted with less than four
personnel when conducted in accordance with this guideline. No
exception shall be permitted when there is no possibility to save lives.
Any such actions taken in accordance with this section shall be
thoroughly investigated by the department with a written report
submitted to the Fire Rescue Director.
5. When members are performing special operations, the highest available
level of emergency medical care shall be standing by at the scene with medical E
equipment and transportation capabilities. Basic life support shall be the
minimum level of emergency medical care.
a. Emergency medical care and medical monitoring at hazardous
materials incidents shall be provided by or supervised by personnel who
meet the minimum requirements of NFPA 473, Standard for
Competencies for EMS Personnel Responding to Hazardous Materials
Incidents.
b. At all other emergency operations, the incident commander shall
evaluate the risk to the members operating at the scene and, if
necessary, request that at least basic life-support personnel and patient
transportation be available.
6. When members are operating from aerial devices, they shall be secured
to the aerial device by an approved ladder belt that complies with the
requirements of this guideline.
7. When members are operating at an emergency incident and their
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wear a garment with fluorescent retroreflective material. -=
i42
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
0 10,gfW
a. Apparatus shall be utilized as a shield from oncoming traffic wherever
possible.
b. When acting as a shield, apparatus warning lights shall remain on, if
appropriate, and fluorescent and retroreflective warning devices such as
traffic cones, illuminated warning devices such as highway flares, or
other appropriate warning devices shall be used to warn oncoming traffic
of the emergency operations and the hazards to members operating at
the incident.
E. Rapid Intervention for Rescue of Members
1. The department shall provide personnel for the rescue of members
operating at emergency incidents if the need arises.
2. A rapid intervention crew shall consist of at least two members and shall
be available for rescue of a member or a team if the need arises. Rapid
intervention crews shall be fully equipped with the appropriate protective
clothing, protective equipment, SCBA, and any specialized rescue equipment
that might be needed given the specifics of the operation under way.
3. The composition and structure of rapid intervention crews shall be
permitted to be flexible based on the type of incident and the size and
complexity of operations. The incident commander shall evaluate the situation
and the risks to operating teams and shall provide one or more rapid
intervention crews commensurate with the needs of the situation.
4. In the early stages of an incident, which includes the deployment of the
department's initial attack assignment, the rapid intervention crew(s) shall be in
compliance with 13-6. D and 13-6. D.2 and be either one of the following:
a. On -scene members designated and dedicated as rapid intervention
crew(s).
b. On -scene members performing other functions but ready to redeploy
to perform rapid intervention crew functions.
The assignment of any personnel shall not be permitted as members of the
rapid intervention crew if abandoning their critical task(s) to perform rescue
clearly jeopardizes the safety and health of any member operating at the
incident.
.�
v. i'l.5
commander's requests for additional resources beyond the department's initial
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL go w0,'Jr'W0`_
to Lit
attack assignment. the rapid intervention crews shall upon arrival of these
additional resources be either one of the following: .
a. On -scene members designated and dedicated as rapid intervention
crews.
b. On -scene company or companies located for rapid deployment and
dedicated as rapid intervention crews.
6. At least one rapid intervention crew shall be standing by with equipment
to provide for the rescue of members that are performing special operations or
for members that are in positions that present an immediate danger of injury in
the event of equipment failure or collapse.
F. Rehabilitation During Emergency Operations.
1. The department shall develop standard operating procedures and/or
guidelines that outline a systematic approach for the rehabilitation of members
operating at incidents. Provisions addressed in these procedures shall include
medical evaluation and treatment, food and fluid replenishment, crew rotation;
and relief from extreme climatic conditions.
2. The incident commander shall consider the circumstances of each
incident and initiate rest and rehabilitation in accordance with the standard
operating procedures and/or guidelines and with NFPA 1561, Standard on Fire
Department Incident Management System.
3. Such on -scene rehabilitation shall include at least basic life-support care.
4. Each member operating at an incident shall be responsible to
communicate rehabilitation and rest needs to his/her supervisor.
G. Civil Unrest/Terrorism.
1. The department shall develop and maintain written standard operating
procedures and/or guidelines that establish a standardized approach to the
safety of members at incidents that involve violence, unrest, or civil
disturbance. Such situations shall include but not be limited to riots, fights,
violent crimes, drug -related situations, family disturbances, deranged
individuals, and people interfering with department operations.
2. The department shall be responsible for developing an interagency
agreement with its law enforcement agency counterpart to provide protection
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13-43
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
i)ae7r
The department shall develop a standard communication method that r1dicates
that an incident crew is faced with a life and death situation requiring irr mediate
' law enforcement intervention.
3. Such violent situations shall be considered essentially a law enforcement
event, and the department shall coordinate with the law enforcement incident
commander throughout the incident.
4. The department incident commander shall identify and react to situations
that do involve or are likely to involve violence.
5. In such violent situations, the department incident commander shall
communicate directly with the law enforcement incident commander to ensure
the safety of department members.
6. In such violent situations, the department incident commander shall
stage all department resources in a safe area until the law enforcement agency
has secured the scene.
7. When violence occurs after emergency operations have been initiated,
the department incident commander shall either secure immediate law
enforcement agency protection or shall withdraw all department members to a
safe staging area.
8. Department companies or teams that provide support to law
enforcement agency special weapons and tactics (SWAT) operations shall
receive special training. Special standard operating procedures shall be
developed that describe the training and safety of these emergency service
department teams for such operations.
These activities shall be considered as special operations for the purpose of
this guideline.
H. Post -Incident Analysis
1. The department shall establish requirements and standard operating
procedures and/or guidelines for a standardized post -incident analysis of
significant incidents or those that involved serious injury or death to an
emergency responder or firefighter.
2. The department incident safety officer shall be involved in the post -
incident analysis as defined in NFPA 1521, Standard for Fire Department
Safety Officer.
3. The analysis shall conduct a basic review of the conditions present, the
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL 000`
JJW
actions taken, and the effect of the conditions and actions on the safety and
health of members.
4. The analysis shall identify any action necessary to change or update any
safety and health program elements to improve the welfare of members.
5. The analysis process shall include a standardized action plan for such
necessary changes. The action plan shall include the change needed and the
responsibilities, dates, and details of such actions.
13.7 Facility Safety
A. Safety Standards
1. All department facilities shall comply with all legally applicable health,
safety. building, and fire code requirements.
2. The department shall provide facilities for disinfecting, cleaning, and
storage in accordance with the Department's Infection Control Program.
3. All existing and new stations shall be provided with smoke detectors in
work, sleeping, and general storage areas. When activated, these detectors
shall sound an alarm throughout the station.
4. All existing and new emergency service department facilities shall have
carbon monoxide detectors installed in sleeping and living areas.
5. All emergency service stations and department facilities shall comply
with NFPA 101. Life Safety Code.
6. The department shall prevent exposure to fire fighters and contamination
of living and sleeping areas to exhaust emissions.
7. All department facilities shall have designated smoke -free areas that
include work, sleeping, kitchen, and eating areas.
B. Inspections
1. All department facilities shall be inspected at least annually to provide for
compliance with this chapter. Inspections shall be documented and recorded.
2. All department facilities shall be inspected at least monthly to identify
and provide correction of anv safety nr health hazards
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
C. Maintenance and Repairs
`.
The department shall have an established system to maintain all facilities and to
provide prompt correction of any safety or health hazard or code violation.
13.8 Medical and Physical
A. Medical Requirements
1. Candidates shall be medically evaluated and certified by the Monroe
County physician. Medical evaluations shall take into account the risks and the
functions associated with the individual's duties and responsibilities.
2. Candidates and members who will engage in fire suppression shall meet
the medical requirements specified in NFPA 1582, Standard on Medical
Requirements for Fire Fighters, prior to being medically certified for duty by the
Monroe County physician.
3. All members who engage in fire suppression shall be medically
evaluated periodically as specified by NFPA 1582, Standard on Medical
Requirements for Fire Fighters, on at least an annual basis, and before being
reassigned to emergency duties after debilitating illnesses or injuries. Members
who have not met the medical evaluation requirements shall not be permitted to
engage in fire suppression. Where medical evaluations are conducted by a
physician other than the department physician, the evaluation shall be subject
to review and shall be approved by the department physician.
4. The medical evaluation shall be at no cost to the candidate, current fire
fighter. or other member.
5. Members who are under the influence of alcohol or drugs shall not
participate in any department operations or other duties.
B. Physical Performance Requirements
1. The department shall develop physical performance requirements for
candidates and members who engage in emergency operations.
2. Medical certification for the use of respiratory protection shall be
conducted annually.
3. Candidates shall be certified by the department as meeting the physical
oerformance reauirements specified in this section orior to entering into a
training program to become a fire fighter. v
13-46
MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL J520ej�F
to
4. Members who engage in emergency operations shall be annually
evaluated and certified by the department as meeting the physical performance
requirements specified in this section- Members who do not meet the required
level of physical performance shall not be permitted to engage in emergency
operations.
5. Members who are unable to meet the physical performance
requirements specified in this section shall enter a physical performance
rehabilitation program to facilitate progress in attaining a level of performance
commensurate with the individual's assigned duties and responsibilities.
C. Physical Fitness
1. The department shall establish and provide a physical fitness program to
enable members to develop and maintain an appropriate level of fitness to
safely perform their assigned functions. The maintenance of fitness levels
specified in the program shall be based on fitness standards determined by the
department that reflect the individual's assigned functions and activities and
that are intended to reduce the probability and severity of occupational injuries
and illnesses.
2. The department shall require the structured participation of all members
in the physical fitness program.
3. The department health and fitness coordinator shall administer all
aspects of the physical fitness and health enhancement program. The health
and fitness coordinator shall act as a direct liaison between the Monroe County
physician and the department in accordance NFPA 1582, Standard on Medical
Requirements for Fire Fighters.
D. Confidential Health Data Base
1. The department shall ensure that a confidential, permanent health file is
established and maintained on each individual member.
The individual health file shall record the results of regular medical evaluations
and physical performance tests, any occupational illnesses or injuries. and any
events that expose the individual to known or suspected hazardous materials.
toxic products, or contagious diseases.
2. Health information shall be maintained as a confidential record for each
individual member as well as a composite database for the analysis of factors
pertaining to the overall health and fitness of the member group
3. If a member dies as a result of occupational injury or illness, autopsy
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
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results. if available, shall be recorded in the health data base.
E. Infection Control
1. The department shall actively attempt to identify and limit or prevent the
exposure of members to infectious and contagious diseases in the performance
of their assigned duties.
2. The department shall operate an infection control program that meets
the requirements of the Department's Infection Control Program and federal
guidelines. When appropriate, inoculations, vaccinations, and other treatment
shall be made available.
F. Monroe County Physician and Emergency Services Medical Director.
1. The county shall have an officially designated physician who shall be
responsible for evaluating, examining, and advising the members with regard to
their health. fitness, and suitability for various duties.
2. The county's physician and/or department's medical director shall
provide medical guidance in the management of the occupational safety and
health program.
3. The county's physician and/or department's medical director shall be a
licensed medical doctor or osteopathic physician qualified to provide
professional expertise in the areas of occupational safety and health as they
relate to emergency services.
4. The county's physician and/or department's medical director shall be
readily available for consultation and to provide professional services on an
urgent basis. Availability shall be permitted to be accomplished by providing
access to a number of qualified physicians.
G. Post-Injury/Illness Rehabilitation
1. It shall be an ongoing objective of the department to assist members
affected by occupational injuries or illnesses in their rehabilitation and to
facilitate their return to full active duty or limited duty where possible.
2. Prior to a member returning to full duty from a debilitating injury, illness,
or any other extended leave, a member shall have a physical performance
assessment performed by the health and fitness coordinator under supervision
by county physician based on the individual's duties and responsibilities. In
a
addition. �. a iC i icctni i and fitness icSS vt7i uli iak a'y' i -,-I - a Nr 'y'semu, r �vi m3nCe
assessment.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
IPPIF
13.9 Member Assistance and Wellness Program
A. Member Assistance Program
1. Monroe County has provided an Employee Assistance Program for all
members of the department that identifies and assists members with substance
abuse, stress. and personal problems that adversely affect department work
performance.
2. Monroe County is a drug -free workplace and all departments shall adopt
a written policy statement on alcoholism. substance abuse, and other problems
covered by the member assistance program.
NOTE: This benefit is available to employees who qualify to be covered by the group
benefits program.
B. Wellness Program
1. The wellness program shall provide health promotion activities that
identify physical and mental health risk factors and shall provide education and
counseling for the purpose of preventing health problems and enhancing
overall well-being.
13.10 Critical Incident Stress Program
A. The Department Medical Director shall provide medical guidance in
the management of the critical incident stress program.
B. The Department Shall Adopt a written policy and/or guideline that
establishes a program designed to relieve the stress generated by an incident
that could adversely affect the psychological and physical well-being of
department members. The policy and/or guideline shall establish criteria for
implementation of the program.
C. The Program Shall be Made Available to members for incidents
including but not limited to mass casualties, large life loss incidents, fatalities
involving children. fatalities or injuries involving department members, and any
other situations that affect the psychological and physical well-being of
department members.
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13.11 Referenced Publications
The following documents or portions thereof are referenced within this guideline as mandatory
requirements and shall be considered part of the requirements of this guideline. The edition indicated for
each referenced mandatory document is the current edition as of the date of the NFPA issuance of this
guideline.
Some of these mandatory documents might also be referenced in this guideline for specific
informational purposes and, therefore, are also listed in Appendix C.
A. NFPA Publications
National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02269-
9101.
NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, 1994 edition.
NFPA 101, Life Safety Code, 1997 edition.
NFPA 472, Standard for Professional Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials
Incidents, 1997 edition.
NFPA 473, Standard for Competencies for EMS Personnel Responding to Hazardous Materials
Incidents, 1997 edition.
NFPA 600, Standard on Industrial Fire Brigades, 1996 edition.
NFPA 1001, Standard on Fire Fighter Professional Qualifications, 1997 edition.
NFPA 1002, Standard for Fire Department Vehicle Driver/Operator Professional Qualifications,
1993 edition.
NFPA 1003, Standard for Airport Fire Fighter Professional Qualifications, 1994 edition.
NFPA 1021, Standard for Fire Officer Professional Qualifications. 1997 edition.
NFPA 1041, Standard for Fire Service Instructor Professional Qualifications, 1996 edition.
NFPA 1051, Standard for Wildland Fire Fighter Professional Qualifications. 1995 edition.
NFPA 1403, Standard on Live Fire Training Evolutions, 1997 edition.
NFPA 1404, Standard for a Fire Department Self -Contained Breathing Apparatus Program.
1996 edition.
NFPA 1405, Guide for Land -Based Fire Fighters Who Respond to Marine Vessel Fires, 1996
edition.
NFPA 1500, Standard on Fire Fighter Safety 1997 edition
NFPA 1521. Standard for Fire Department Safety Officer. 1997 edition.
NFPA 1561, Standard on Fire Department Incident Management System, 1995 edition.
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oo
NFPA 1581, Standard on Fire Department Infection Control Program. 1995 edition.
NFPA 1582. Standard on Medical Requirements for Fire Fighters. 1997 edition.
NFPA 1901, Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus. 1996 edition.
NFPA 1906, Standard for Wildland Fire Apparatus, 1995 edition.
NFPA 1911, Standard for Service Tests of Pumps on Fire Department Apparatus. 1997 edition.
NFPA 1914, Standard for Testing Fire Department Aerial Devices, 1997 edition.
NFPA 1931, Standard on Design of and Design Verification Tests for Fire Department Ground
Ladders. 1994 edition.
NFPA 1932, Standard on Use, Maintenance, and Service Testing of Fire Department Ground
Ladders, 1994 edition.
NFPA 1961, Standard on Fire Hose. 1997 edition.
NFPA 1962, Standard for the Care, Use, and Service Testing of Fire Hose Including Couplings
and Nozzles, 1993 edition.
NFPA 1964, Standard for Spray Nozzles (Shutoff and Tip). 1993 edition.
NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Ensemble for Structural Fire Fighting, 1997 edition.
NFPA 1975, Standard on Station/Work Uniforms for Fire Fighters, 1994 edition.
-
NFPA 1976, Standard on Protective Clothing for Proximity Fire Fighting, 1992 edition.
NFPA 1977, Standard on Protective Clothing and Equipment for Wildland Fire Fighting, 1993
edition.
NFPA 1981. Standard on Open -Circuit Self -Contained Breathing Apparatus for Fire Fighters.
1997 edition.
NFPA 1982, Standard on Personal Alert Safety Systems (PASS) for Fire Fighters, 1993 edition.
NFPA 1983, Standard on Fire Service Life Safety Rope and System Components, 1995 edition.
NFPA 1991, Standard on Vapor -Protective Suits for Hazardous Chemical Emergencies, 1994
edition.
NFPA 1992, Standard on Liquid Splash -Protective Suits for Hazardous Chemical Emergencies.
1994 edition.
NFPA 1993. Standard on Support Function Protective Clothing for Hazardous Chemical
Operations. 1994 edition.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
B. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists Publication
6500 Glenway Avenue. Bldg. D7. Cincinnati, OH 45211
Threshold Limit Valves and Biological Exposure Indices for 1996-1977. 1996,
C. ANSI Publications.
American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036.
ANSI/CGA G7.1, Commodity Specification for Air. 1989.
ANSI Z87.1. Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection. 1989,
D. U.S. Coast Guard Publication
U.S. Coast Guard Commandant Instruction M 16465, Department of Transportation.
Washington. DC.
U.S. Coast Guard Chemical Response Information System (CHRIS), Volumes 1-3. "Hazardous
Chemical Data," October 1978.
E. U.S. Government Publications
U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Washington, DC 20402.
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Public Health Services, Publication DHHS No. 85-114, September 1985,
i
Title 42, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 84 (42 CFR 84), July 1995.
F. Florida Statutes and Administrative Code.
Ch. 401 F.S. EMS Act of 1973 as amended FAC 64E-2. EMS Rules.
Ch. 633 F.S. State Fire Marshal's Rules and Regulations. FAC 4A.
G. Other Publication.
Sax, N. Irving, Dangerous Properties of Industrial Chemicals. 6th ed.. Van Nostrand Reinhold,
NY. 1988.
H. Monroe County Emergency Services Standard Operating Procedures and Guidelines.
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL ejecre
TABLE OF CONTENTS
VV
CHAPTER 14
MATERIALS/EQUIPMENT LIST/FORMS
14.1 SAFETY MATERIALS/EQUIPMENT LIST
14.2 FORMS
14.3 SAFETY VIDEOS
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
14 M ATERIALS/EQUIPMENT LIST/FORMS
14.1 EQUIPMENT
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
• Caution and warning signs and stickers
• Safety Posters
• Safety Manuals
• Vu-Graph Projector
• Video camera
• TV/VCR, 13 in. TV with built-in VCR
• Noise level meter (Dosimeter)
14.2 REFERENCE MATERIALS/BOOKS
• 1910 OSHA Guide
• OSHA Compliance Manual
• Right To Know Compliance Manual
• Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Compliance
• (OSHA Part 1910.120)
• Out in Front -- Effective Supervision in the Workplace
• Public Employee Safety and Health Management
• Safety and Health Materials catalog --Safety Equipment Catalogs
• Supervisor's Safety Manual
• Techniques of Safety Management
• Joint Safety and Health Training Course,
• National Safety Council
• Life Safety Code NFPA 101
• Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Labor, Title 29,
• Parts 1900-1910, Occupational Safety and Health Standards
• CFR, Labor, Title 29, Part 1926, Safety and Health Regulations for Construction
• Florida Right -To -Know Law - Toxic Chemicals
• Fundamentals of Accident Investigation and Analysis
• OSHA Safety Compliance letters
• Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, EPA
• Safety Pamphlets (assorted subjects)
• Safety Flyers (assorted subjects)
14.3 FORMS
• SAF-1,A, First Report of Accident
• SAF-1,15, Accident Investigation Report
• SAF-1,C, Vehicle Accident Additional Information
• SAF-2, Monroe County Hazard Report
• SAF-3, Notice of Hazard
• SAF-4, Monroe County Hazard Worksheet
• SAF-5, Monroe County Safety Inspection Checklist
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MONROE COUNTY SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL
• SAF-7, Division Safety Inspection Program Evaluation
• SAF-8, Employee Safety and Health Record
• Employee Driver's Affidavit
• Chemicals: Employee Training
• LES 200 Log Summary of Occupational Injuries, Diseases and Illnesses
• Inspection Check List for Office Safety
• Safety Bulletin Board Checklist
• Handling a Bomb Threat Card
14.4 Safety Video's
14-3