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Item F11
RESOLUTION NO. [Insert Number] A RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF MONROE COUNTY, ADOPTING THE 2025 UPDATE OF THE LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY AS REQUIRED BY STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS TO QUALIFY FOR CERTAIN MITIGATION GRANT FUNDING WHEREAS, Monroe County adopted a Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) in 1999, with updates in 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020; WHEREAS, Monroe County and the cities of Key West, Key Colony Beach, Layton, Islamorada, and Marathon have experienced hurricanes and other natural hazards that pose risks to public health and safety and may cause serious property damage; WHEREAS, the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Management Act, as amended by the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, requires local jurisdictions to adopt mitigation plans in order to be eligible for post-disaster and pre-disaster grants to implement certain mitigation projects; WHEREAS, pursuant to Florida Administrative Code Section 27P-22, the County and municipalities must have a formal LMS Working Group and the LMS Working Group must review and update the LMS every 5 years to maintain eligibility for mitigation grant programs; WHEREAS, the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994, the Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004, as amended, requires local jurisdictions to adopt a mitigation plan to be eligible for grants to implement certain flood mitigation projects; WHEREAS, the planning process required by the State of Florida and the Federal Emergency Management Agency offers the opportunity to consider natural hazards and risks and to identify mitigation actions to reduce future impacts; WHEREAS, the State of Florida has provided federal mitigation funds to support the development of the Local Mitigation Strategy; WHEREAS, the 2025 Update of the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy was revised by the LMS Working Group composed of representatives of Monroe County, the cities of Key West, Key Colony Beach, Layton, Islamorada, and Marathon, utilities, and nonprofit organizations; WHEREAS, the 2025 LMS Update identifies mitigation initiatives that will improve the process used to identify and manage mitigation initiatives intended to minimize and reduce safety threats and damage to private and public property; 489 WHEREAS,the 2025 LMS Update was made available to the public and public meetings were held on March 13, 2025, and July 1, 2025 to solicit questions and comments and to present the LMS; and WHEREAS, the 2025 LMS Update was submitted to the Florida Division of Emergency Management (FDEM) and FEMA for review and minor revisions were made in response to comments; On October 1, 2025, FDEM determined that the Monroe County LMS plan is compliant with federal standards as contained in 44 C.F.R. 201.6(b)-(d), and stated that final approval by the State and FEMA will be issued after adoption. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF MONROE COUNTY, THAT: 1. The 2025 LMS Update is adopted as an official plan of Monroe County, contingent upon approval by the State and FEMA. 2. Any initiative identified in the 2025 LMS Update shall be subject to, and contingent upon, budget approval, if required, at the discretion of the Board of County Commissioners, and this resolution shall not be interpreted to mandate any such appropriations. 3. The Monroe County Emergency Management Department is directed to coordinate with appropriate departments and to perform the annual report requirements set forth in Florida Administrative Code Chapter 27P-22.004. 4. The Clerk is directed to mail copies of this resolution to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and the FEMA Region 4 Office. This resolution shall become effective upon the date of its adoption. PASSED AND ADOPTED by the Board of County Commissioners of Monroe County, this 12t'day of November, 2025. Mayor James K Scholl Mayor Pro Tem Michelle Lincoln Commissioner Craig Cates Commissioner David Rice Commissioner Holly Merrill Raschein (SEAL) BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS ATTEST: KEVIN MADOK, CLERK OF MONROE COUNTY BY BY As Deputy Clerk Mayor James K. Scholl Monroe County Attorney Approved as to Form And Legal Sufficiency r Donald Townsend,Jr. 490 Assistant CountyAttoroey Date:Oct 17,2025,10:35 am RESOLUTION NO. 003 2021 A RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA, ADOPTING THE 2020 UPDATE OF THE LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY AS REQUIRED BY STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS TO QUALIFY FOR CERTAIN MITIGATION GRANT FUNDING WHEREAS, Monroe County adopted a Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) in 1999, an update in 2005, an update in 2010; and an update in 2015; and WHEREAS, Monroe County and the cities of Key West, Key Colony Beach, Layton, Islamorada, and Marathon have experienced hurricanes and other natural hazard events that pose risks to public health and safety and which may cause serious property damage; and WHEREAS, the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Management Act, as amended by the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, requires local jurisdictions to adopt mitigation plans in order to be eligible for post-disaster and pre-disaster grants to implement certain mitigation projects; and WHEREAS, pursuant to Florida Administrative Code Section 27P-22, the County and municipalities must have a formal LMS Working Group and the LMS Working Group must review and update the LMS every five years in order to maintain eligibility for mitigation grant programs; and WHEREAS, the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994, the Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004, as amended, require local jurisdictions to adopt a mitigation to be eligible for grants to implement certain flood mitigation projects; and WHEREAS, the planning process required by the State of Florida and the Federal Emergency Management Agency offers the opportunity to consider natural hazards and risks and to identify mitigation actions to reduce future impacts of such hazards; and WHEREAS, the State of Florida has provided federal mitigation funds to support the development of the Local Mitigation Strategy; and WHEREAS, the 2020 Update of the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy was revised by the LMS Working Group composed of representatives of Monroe County, the cities of .Key. West, Key Colony Beach, Layton, Islamorada, and Marathon, utilities, and a number of nonprofit organizations have reviewed and updated the LMS; and WHEREAS, the 2020 LMS Update identifies mitigation initiatives that will improve the process used to identify and manage mitigation initiatives intended to minimize and reduce safety threats and damage to private and public property; and 491 WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS Update was made available to the public and public meetings were held on June 18, September 2, November 10, and November 25, 2020, to solicit questions and comments and to present the LMS; and WHEREAS, the 2020 LMS Update was submitted to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and FEMA for review and minor revisions were made in response to comments;final approval by the State and FEMA will be issued after the LMS is adopted. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF MONROE COUNTY, FLORIDA, that: 1. The 2020 LMS Update is adopted as an official plan of Monroe County, Florida, contingent upon approval by the State and FEMA. 2. Any initiative identified in the 2020 LMS Update shall be subject to, and contingent upon, budget approval, if required, which shall be at the discretion of the Board of County Commissioners, and this resolution shall not be interpreted so as to mandate any such appropriations. 3. The Monroe County Emergency Management Department is directed to coordinate with appropriate County departments and to perform the annual report requirements set forth in the Florida Administrative Code Chapter 27P-22.004. 4. The Clerk is directed to mail copies of this resolution to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and the Federal Emergency Management Agency's Region IV Office. This resolution shall become effective upon the date of its adoption. PASSED AND ADOPTED by the Board of County Commissioners of Monroe County, this 20th day of January 2021. H C7 Mayor Michelle Coldiron Yes l Mayor Pro Tern David Rice Yes Commissioner Craig Cates Yes N) Commissioner Eddie Martinez Yes a ommissioner Mike Forster Yes ti y� ) BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS= ST: KEVIN ADOK, CLERK OF MONROE , BY BY As Deputy Clerk Mayor Michelle Coldiron JN'TYAl`fC]FiNVFORM/tf� .trf+-�-c AS ATTORNEY tare 1/11/21 492 t y(dbmV� y�W�� r r,r w'Wd i gel Y r h n ®,du.r1"a,�,^a>If r 1➢ l I rmn+ Monroe County 111111111111111111111111111 G All Jr � a� 493 TABLE OF CONTENTS I"I 1adkgiiivuiiiW, 1 pose iii w'PIIIII uumlilrwli l 1 3 scqpw„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„ „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„"I III 4 G'?efeiiiviiiw s....„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„...wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww...„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„„..„..„..„... 3 1 5 11114uu°t uu°° iiiA!!Ea i, oin„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww„„„„„„ uu 1 6 Key uumuu° s auu°t uu°° uu°t uu° s wwwwwwwwwwwwwww uu 1.6.1 Key Terms.........................................................................................................................4 1.6.2 Acronyms..........................................................................................................................5 2 1 pose....„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„ „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„ 6 2 2 What's IIII uu°winged fiiot 1'1111 IIII''Illl uu°t „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„,wwwwwwwwwwww,, 2uumIIIPuu°°liuuu°wm� tlhe II' IIWuu 2.3.1 Phase I-Planning Process....................................................................................9 2.3.2 Phase II-Risk Assessment..................................................................................10 2.3.3 Phase III-Mitigation Strategy............................................................................11 2.3.4 Phase IV-Plan Maintenance..............................................................................11 2 4 ocW1 III lilt lillg4'1Klilloin S'1KIIII°° 'Ile oii"lllltliliii,whlg 1IIII"" !PIMP ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1"1 2 5 I 1,lilllings aiiiW Woiii°lks�hqps 1°Ill 2 6 Iuu°win a 1111 +fiiuwing 1'IIII V IIIGI!P�IIIhw�l111iu „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww "16 2,11 tiiI� ^ iiiiii l"' m",T...nmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww oinunununununununw"1111 I�iiiwdVfi ig 1'IIII V S'1'41111t 1111 1111 eir 1 2 9 of IIIP3Il4iii,win IIIG3ui�og umess ..-1 3 I1114 II'111 II II'111 G G"III....... G IG Z IC III C 3.1 Geogiii,a1p1hy 4uu°win IIII'IIIIIIuu uum IIII°wmuu° uu l' wwwwwww2 3. � IIIP� Illl l lill llll°wh IIII°wind II)eiiinogii Iplhlcs -28 3.4 Iousllin „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„ „„„„„„„„„„„„„„,3 couir,ww«,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani.wiy arage 494 TABLE OF CONTENTS 3.5.1 Transportation............................................................................................................36 3.5.2 Utilities.............................................................................................................................36 3.6 Iiriili°ein1,aiii IIII' tniiiv l,,,aiiiW Use 3117 3.6.1 Rate of Growth Ordinance..................................................................................42 iii uu ^uulllP llll uu ^uu uu°t1aiiiW llind stiii°° „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„,wwwwwwwwwwwww ull r 3.7.1 Wages and Employment.....................................................................................44 G G"II'::', II II'::', III.........II11 ....II IC IICA..1 II0 II'111 IG G II Ib ASSIII II" I"', ..I..... 4II 4 2 ���I&Eaiiu°° uu°t�1����r�`�i � �1����i uu�...„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„..„......wwwwwwwwwwwwwwww 1117 4 I�?Itk Assessiiineiii,it IIMellhodolllogy &AssuiiinIptloins !uPi 3 r 4111 et Illluu°t uu°t1 uu° wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww„„„„„„,!'M 4.4.1 Building Exposure...................................................................................................56 4.4.2 Critical Facilities and Infrastructure Exposure......................................57 4 5 ��4&Eaiii° IIII2iiiu° ffll s,Aii°idlysls,auu° Plllluu uu����� lllh illll i !�qi��l��� 4.5.1 Coastal Erosion..........................................................................................................59 4.5.2 Drought...........................................................................................................................67 4.5.3 Extreme Heat...............................................................................................................74 4.5.4 Flood..................................................................................................................................81 4.5.5 Sea Level Rise............................................................................................................104 4.5.6 Severe Storms and Tornadoes......................................................................120 4.5.7 Tropical Cyclones....................................................................................................147 4.5.8 Wildfire...........................................................................................................................176 4.5.9 Cyber Attack..............................................................................................................189 4.5.10 Radiological Incident...........................................................................................194 r 6 Iinc� lWslill llliin uu°t 1114IIII t uu°, IIIPflio llll wwwwww-- 01 ��"r IIIG °'f � uu�°euu t����°ts................................................................................................................................wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww................................................................��� � °°�������� 5 CA I""' " I11 !"!I' ,l indu l in t1he CaIpWbEHitye ou °uu uu°t „„„„„„„„„„„ MI IIIP Illh liu lllllilr ���uu °uu uu°t IIIP 11111W o uu „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„,,"1f 6 5.3.1 Planning and Regulatory Capability........................................................206 5.3.2 Administrative and Technical Capability...............................................217 5.3.3 Fiscal Capability........................................................................................................218 couu,w, a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani.wiy arage H 495 TABLE OF CONTENTS 5.3.4 Education and Outreach Capability........................................................220 5.3.5 Mitigation Capability............................................................................................221 5.3.6 Political Capability..................................................................................................221 !'91' as inch sl oiiin uu°wm IIII IDcWI Oa IIII' IIlh fiolllllilrl 222 1A I'°IIGA 1..I0I'11 I..IG 6"1 GoWt aiiiWIh l liii 22 6.1.1 Coordination with Other Planning Efforts............................................223 6.1.2 Goal Setting................................................................................................................224 6.1.3 Resulting Goals and Objectives....................................................................224 6 2 aiiiW Ai iWysls af IIII iIdgad IIII Activities„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„ 2VIlin 6.2.1 Prioritization Process...........................................................................................225 G 3UIpdate IIIPZequillllleiiii ^IIII Iiiiii wwwww_226 8 IL.......A III II1A A II II' ..I �.... .. .1 I Istiii l llbw t]0111u°whl „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww„„„„„„„„„„„„ 6 8.2 u" IIIP IIII uu° uu°wml l liu uu°wh „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww 6 uu°wmlilrlw uumliuuu°wm IIII'IIIIII 111 11iu uu°wm in IIIIIllllluu llll uu°t t uu° uu°wm1 „„„„„„26 8.3.1 Role of LMSWG in Implementation,Monitoring and Maintenance...............................................................................................................261 8.3.2 Monitoring and Maintenance Schedule................................................262 8.3.3 Maintenance Evaluation Process................................................................262 8.4111 intliiiwed IP3 Illh lllN IIII IIII°wm llll uu °uu uu°wm1 _',16 8.4.1 Public Involvement for Five-year Update..............................................264 GIL....... 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IICIIIIIII IIIIIIIII IL....... "" IL.. � u I II II' II'IIIIIIII�� II'IIIIII II� IL....... II .. II'�i�" .. �� Asset, ' Illl invei n'1' ii IIII ��� IIIlfliullllt F.2.1 Flood...............................................................................................................................445 F.2.2 Sea Level Rise............................................................................................................453 F.2.3 Storm Surge..............................................................................................................456 F.2.4 Wildfire.........................................................................................................................459 Wtigatlaii,iS'tCIIIY ategy............................................................................................................................wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww4u63 I..00 IL....... 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I �at, gail�lles of IIII ii iiga't'laii°t III asuiiii s Coiiinideired C I Alvil ii,ilative II lilr1'ling 't'l oin Measuires pail 'w egaiu "I C.2.1 Preventative and Regulatory Measures...................................................C.2 C.2.2 Property Protection Measures........................................................................C.5 C.2.3 Natural Resource Protection...........................................................................C.9 C.2.4 Emergency Services Measures.....................................................................C.12 C.2.5 Structural Projects................................................................................................C.15 C.2.6 Public Information...............................................................................................C.17 I' X II G ..., 1 II'::', II '::', '°IIA 1 0..II II'" IG IG G"II IG G II "'II 1..II�II'"1 4Ip.... Iitiga1'l aii,i IIIP uu°liu uu°°IiuTliu t 'i'liu uu IIII''IIlu es „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„,www D.1.1 Step One:Preliminary Identification of Mitigation Initiatives...D.1 D.1.2 Step Two:Prioritized Mitigation Initiatives...........................................D.2 D.1.3 Step Three:Completed/Deleted/Carried Forward Initiatives...D.3 II II IL.........II'"� II':' II X III......... II �IL.; IC III.........II �IL.........II1114 CIII..... III.........„""II couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily arage as 498 SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION ouW ouVl Section 1 provides a general introduction to hazard mitigation and an introduction to the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy. This section contains the following subsections: 1.1 Background 1.2 Purpose and Authority 1.3 Scope 1.4 References 1.5 Plan Organization This document comprises a Local Mitigation Strategy for Monroe County,Florida. Each year in the United States,natural and human-caused hazards take the lives of hundreds of people and injure thousands more.Nationwide,taxpayers pay billions of dollars annually to help communities, organizations,businesses, and individuals recover from disasters. These monies only partially reflect the true cost of disasters because additional expenses incurred by insurance companies and non-governmental organizations are not reimbursed by tax dollars. Many natural hazards are predictable,and much of the damage caused by hazard events can be reduced or even eliminated. Hazards are a natural part of the environment that will inevitably continue to occur,but there is much we can do to minimize their impacts on our communities and prevent them from resulting in disasters. Every community faces different hazards,has different resources to draw upon in combating problems,and has different interests that influence the solutions to those problems. Because there are many ways to deal with hazards and many agencies that can help,there is no one solution for managing or mitigating their effects. Planning is one of the best ways to develop a customized program that will mitigate the impacts of hazards while accounting for the unique character of a community. A well-prepared hazard mitigation plan will ensure that all possible activities are reviewed and implemented so that the problem is addressed by the most appropriate and efficient solutions. It can also coordinate activities with each other and with other goals and activities,preventing conflicts and reducing the costs of implementing each individual activity. This plan provides a framework for all interested parties to work together toward mitigation. It establishes the vision and guiding principles for reducing hazard risk and proposes specific mitigation actions to reduce identified vulnerabilities. In an effort to reduce the nation's mounting natural disaster losses,the U.S. Congress passed the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000(DMA 2000)to invoke new and revitalized approaches to mitigation planning. Section 322 of DMA 2000 emphasizes the need for state and local government entities to closely coordinate on mitigation planning activities and makes the development of a hazard mitigation plan a specific eligibility requirement for any local government applying for federal mitigation grant funds. These funds include the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program(HMGP),the Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities(BRIC)program(formerly the Pre-Disaster Mitigation(PDM)program),and the Flood Mitigation Assistance(FMA)Program, all of which are administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA)under the Department of Homeland Security. Communities with an adopted and federally approved hazard mitigation plan thereby become pre-positioned and more apt to receive available mitigation funds before and after the next disaster strikes. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 499 SECTION I INTRODUCTION This plan was prepared in coordination with FEMA Region 4 and the Florida Division of Emergency Management(FDEM)to ensure that it meets all applicable federal and state planning requirements. A Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool,found in Appendix A,provides a summary of FEMA and FDEM's current minimum standards of acceptability and notes the location within this plan where each planning requirement is met. IIII 2, Illf „ I Illf Illf Illk III I' Al,,) I I The Board of County Commissioners directed the Monroe County Emergency Management Department to coordinate and facilitate the development of the LMS,and subsequent 5-year updates,in conformance with state and federal guidelines. This plan was developed in a joint and cooperative manner by members of a Local Mitigation Strategy Working Group(LMSWG)which included representatives of County and City departments, federal and state agencies,citizens,and other stakeholders. This plan will ensure all jurisdictions in Monroe County remain eligible for federal disaster assistance including the FEMA HMGP,BRIC,and FMA programs. This plan has been prepared in compliance with Section 322 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act(Stafford Act or the Act),42 U.S.C. 5165, enacted under Section 104 of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, (DMA 2000)Public Law 106-390 of October 30,2000,as implemented at CFR 201.6 and 201.7 dated October 2007. Additionally,this plan meets the requirements set forth by the Florida Administrative Code Chapter 27P-22. This plan will be adopted by each participating jurisdiction in accordance with standard local procedures. Copies of adoption resolutions are provided in Section 9 Plan Adoption. L This document comprises a Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy for Monroe County. The planning area includes all incorporated municipalities and unincorporated areas in the region.All participating jurisdictions,along with additional local entities,are listed in Table 1.1. alllh llllo"t"I auutliuclilllll' stliuuu�g guirliosdictliooiiis iiiiiii tlllhe III'Itouso IIII'tlillvclir III I'tsgkd11114 1114°°IlWzaird III lilrtlillgatioollllili IIII!Nauull Participating Jurisdictions Participating Local Entities Monroe County Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority(FKAA) City of Key Colony Beach Florida Keys Electric Cooperative(FKEC) City of Key West KEYS Energy Services City of Layton College of the Florida Keys City of Marathon Islamorada Village of Islands The focus of this plan is on those hazards deemed"high"or"moderate"priority hazards for the planning area,as determined through the risk and vulnerability assessments.Lower priority hazards will continue to be evaluated but will not necessarily be prioritized for mitigation in the action plan. Monroe County followed the planning process prescribed by FEMA, and this plan was developed under the guidance of a Local Mitigation Strategy Working Group(LMSWG)comprised of representatives of County, City,and Town departments; citizens; and other stakeholders. The LMSWG conducted a risk assessment that identified and profiled hazards that pose a risk to the planning area,assessed the planning area's vulnerability to these hazards,and examined each participating jurisdiction's capabilities in place to mitigate them. The hazards profiled in this plan are listed below: couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 13 ag 500 SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION — Flood — Tropical Cyclones — Severe Storms(Thunderstorm Wind,Lightning,Hail) — Tornadoes and Waterspouts — Wildfire — Coastal Erosion — Drought — Extreme Heat — Sea Level Rise and Other Climate Change Characteristics — Radiological Incident — Cyber Attack � � III III The following FEMA guides and reference documents were used to prepare this document: — FEMA 386-1: Getting Started: Building Support for Mitigation Planning. September 2002. — FEMA 386-2: Understanding Your Risks: Identifying Hazards and Estimating Losses.August 2001. — FEMA 386-3: Developing the Mitigation Plan.April 2003. — FEMA 386-4: Bringing the Plan to Life.August 2003. — FEMA 386-5: Using Benefit-Cost Review in Mitigation Planning.May 2007. — FEMA 386-6: Integrating Historic Property and Cultural Resource Considerations into Hazard Mitigation Planning.May 2005. — FEMA 386-7: Integrating Manmade Hazards into Mitigation Planning. September 2003. — FEMA 386-8: Multijurisdictional Mitigation Planning.August 2006. — FEMA 386-9:Using the Hazard Mitigation Plan to Prepare Successful Mitigation Projects.August 2008. — FEMA. Local Mitigation Plan Review Guide. October 1,2011. — FEMA National Fire Incident Reporting System 5.0: Complete Reference Guide.January 2008. — FEMA. Integrating Hazard Mitigation into Local Planning: Case Studies and Tools for Community Officials.March 1,2013. — FEMA Hazard Mitigation Assistance Program and Policy Guide. July 30,2024. — FEMA. Integrating Hazard Mitigation into Local Planning: Case Studies and Tools for Community Officials.March 1,2013. — FEMA. Mitigation Ideas. A Resource for Reducing Risk to Natural Hazards.January 2013. — FEMA. FP 206-21-0002. Local Mitigation Planning Policy Guide.April 19,2023. — FEMA. Local Mitigation Planning Handbook. May 2023. Additional sources used in the development of this plan, including data compiled for the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment,are listed in Appendix E. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily :rage 3, 501 SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION The Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy is organized into the following sections: — Section 1: Introduction — Section 2: Planning Process — Section 3: Planning Area Profile — Section 4: Hazard Identification&Risk Assessment — Section 5: Capability Assessment — Section 6: Mitigation Strategy — Section 7: Mitigation Action Plans — Section 8: Plan Maintenance — Section 9: Plan Adoption — Annexes — Appendix A: Local Plan Review Tool — Appendix B: Planning Process Documentation — Appendix C: Mitigation Alternatives — Appendix D: Mitigation Prioritization Process — Appendix E: References L N III The following common terms are used in the Local Mitigation Strategy: — Disaster means the occurrence of widespread or severe damage,injury,loss of life or property,or such severe economic or social disruption that supplemental disaster relief assistance is necessary for the affected political jurisdiction(s)to recover and alleviate the damage,loss,hardship,or suffering caused thereby. — Flood Hazard Area or Floodplain is the area adjoining a river, stream,shoreline,or other body of water that is subject to partial or complete inundation. The area predicted to flood during the 1% annual chance flood, sometimes referred to as the"100-yeaf"flood. — Hazard is defined as the natural or technological phenomenon, event,or physical condition that has the potential to cause property damage,infrastructure damage, other physical losses,and injuries and fatalities. — Mitigation is defined as actions taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to life and property from hazards.Mitigation actions are intended to reduce the need for emergency response—as opposed to improving the ability to respond. — National Flood Insurance Program(NFIP),located within the U.S. Department of Homeland Security,Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA), is charged with preparing Flood couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily :rage Zu 502 SECTION I INTRODUCTION Insurance Rate Maps,developing regulations to guide development,and providing insurance for flood damage. — Risk is defined as the potential losses associated with a hazard. Ideally,risk is defined in terms of expected probability and frequency of the hazard occurring,people and property exposed,and potential consequences. 1.6.2 ACRONYMS The following acronyms are used in the Local Mitigation Strategy: — BOCC—Board of County Commissioners — BRIC—Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities grant program — CRS—Community Rating System — FBC—Florida Building Code — FDEM—Florida Division of Emergency Management — FEMA—U.S. Department of Homeland Security,Federal Emergency Management Agency — FIRM—Flood Insurance Rate Map — FMA—Flood Mitigation Assistance(FEMA) — GIS—Geographic Information System — HMGP—Hazard Mitigation Grant Program(FEMA) — LMS—Local Mitigation Strategy — LMSWG—Local Mitigation Strategy Working Group — NFIP—National Flood Insurance Program(FEMA) — NROGO—Non-Residential Rate of Growth Ordinance Allocation System — ROGO—Rate of Growth Ordinance — RLAA—Repetitive Loss Area Analysis — SRL—Severe Repetitive Loss — SFHA—Special Flood Hazard Area IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily arage 503 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS ouW Requirement§201.6(b):An open public involvement process is essential to the development of an effective plan. To develop a more comprehensive approach to reducing the effects of natural disasters, the planning process shall include: 1)An opportunity for the public to comment on the plan during the drafting stage and prior to plan approval; 2)An opportunity for neighboring communities,local and County agencies involved in hazard mitigation activities,and agencies that have the authority to regulate development,as well as businesses,academia,and other private and nonprofit interests to be involved in the planning process;and 3)Review and incorporation,if appropriate,of existing plans,studies,reports,and technical information. Requirement§201.6(c)(1):The plan shall include the following: 1)Documentation of the planning process used to develop the plan,including how it was prepared,who was involved in the process,and how the public was involved. This section provides a review of the planning process followed for the development of the Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy. It consists of the following sub-sections: 2.1 Purpose 2.2 What's Changed in the Plan 2.3 Preparing the Plan 2.4 Local Mitigation Strategy Working Group 2.5 Meetings and Workshops 2.6 Involving the Public 2.7 Outreach Efforts 2.8 Involving the Stakeholders 2.9 Documentation of Plan Progress As defined by FEMA,"hazard mitigation"means any sustained action taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to life and property from a hazard event. Hazard mitigation planning is the process through which hazards are identified,likely impacts determined,mitigation goals set,and appropriate mitigation strategies determined,prioritized,and implemented. The purpose of the Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy is to identify,assess, and mitigate hazard risk to better protect the people and property within the county from the effects of natural and human-caused hazards. This plan documents progress on existing hazard mitigation planning efforts,updates the previous plan to reflect current conditions in the county including relevant hazards and vulnerabilities,increases public education and awareness about the plan and planning process, maintains grant eligibility for participating jurisdictions,maintains compliance with state and federal requirements for local hazard mitigation plans,and identifies and outlines strategies that participating jurisdictions in Monroe County will use to decrease vulnerability and increase resiliency. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily wage 6 504 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS 2.2, !A I ' f III This plan is an update to the 2020 Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy,which included participation from all jurisdictions involved in this plan update: City of Key Colony Beach,City of Key West,City of Layton,City of Marathon, and Islamorada Village of Islands. The previous plan was approved by FEMA in January 2021. This local mitigation strategy update involved a comprehensive review and update of each section of the existing plan and an assessment of the success of the County and participating jurisdictions in evaluating, monitoring and implementing the mitigation strategy outlined in their existing plans. Only the information and data still valid from the existing plans was carried forward as applicable into this update. The following requirements were addressed during the development of this County plan: — Consider changes in vulnerability due to action implementation; — Document success stories where mitigation efforts have proven effective; — Document areas where mitigation actions were not effective; — Document any new hazards that may arise or were previously overlooked; — Incorporate new data or studies on hazards and risks; — Incorporate new capabilities or changes in capabilities; — Incorporate growth and development-related changes to inventories; and — Incorporate new action recommendations or changes in action prioritization. Changes by plan section are summarized as follows: Section 1 provides an introduction to the Local Mitigation Strategy and remains largely unchanged from the previous update. Section 2 has been updated to reflect the 2025 planning process. This section describes the combined CRS and DMA compliant planning process the consultants used to facilitate the LMSWG through this LMS update and summarizes public outreach and agency coordination efforts that were conducted throughout the plan update process to meet the more rigorous requirements of the 2017 CRS Coordinator's Manual,in addition to DMA requirements. Detailed documentation of the planning process is compiled separately in Appendix B. This section also presents summary data on the status of mitigation actions from the 2020 strategy as a way to report on implementation progress of the 2020 update. Section 3 was updated to reflect the most up-to-date population, demographic,economic,and housing statistics. Details on land use and growth trends were updated to reflect recent changes in county-wide growth management strategies. Section 4 presents the hazard identification,hazard profiles, and vulnerability assessment findings. Section 4.2 provides a comparison of the hazards addressed in the 2023 State of Florida Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan and the 2020 Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy and provides the final decision made by the LMSWG as to which hazards should be included in this 2025 plan update. Updated data has been incorporated into each hazard profile.New vulnerability analyses were performed based on updated parcel data and population estimates.Where still relevant,data from the 2020 LMS was carried forward and incorporated into this section. In addition to the specific changes in hazard analyses identified in Section 4.3 and 4.5,the following items were also addressed in this 2025 plan update: — GIS was used,to the extent data allowed,to analyze the priority hazards as part of the vulnerability assessment. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily wa9e'/ 505 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS — The discussion on growth and development trends was enhanced utilizing 2023 American Community Survey data. — An effort was made to provide underserved communities and vulnerable populations with opportunities to participate in and contribute to the plan update process. Engagement opportunities were provided through the public survey,the plan website, and stakeholder coordination. Section 5 was updated to reflect current local regulatory,administrative,fiscal,and other capabilities, including changes that have occurred in the last five years. This section was also updated to include a more detailed discussion of continued compliance with the NFIP,including how each jurisdiction manages substantial damage and substantial improvement. Section 6 presents the mitigation strategy. The goals have been updated to reflect LMSWG and community priorities. This section also discusses the categories of mitigation alternatives considered and the process used to prioritize mitigation actions. For the LMS update,this process differs from the community's additional HMA prioritization process,which is detailed in Appendix D. This section also details completed and deleted actions from the 2020 strategy as a way to report on implementation progress and separate these removed actions from those that the county and participating jurisdictions will be pursuing moving forward. Section 7 presents the Mitigation Action Plan which presents all continued and new actions that will be pursued by the participating jurisdictions.Mitigation action status updates are provided for actions that were carried forward from the 2020 plan to explain progress made or barriers to implementation. Section 8 outlines the process for distribution,adoption,implementation,and maintenance of the plan. This section was updated to reflect recent and upcoming plan integration opportunities. Section 9 contains all applicable documentation of plan adoption from all participating communities. The plan annexes detail additional risk,capability,NFIP compliance, and mitigation strategy information for each participating community. 2_3 The planning process for preparing the Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy was based on DMA planning requirements and FEMA's associated guidance. This guidance is structured around a four-phase process: I Planning Process; 2 Risk Assessment; Mitigation Strategy; and 4 Plan Maintenance. Into this process,the planning consultant integrated a more detailed 10-step planning process used for FEMA's Community Rating System(CRS)and Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA)programs. Thus,the modified 10-step process used for this plan meets the requirements of six major programs: FEMA's Hazard Mitigation Grant Program(HMGP);Building Resilient Infrastructure&Communities(BRIC) Program; CRS Program; FMA Program; Severe Repetitive Loss Program; and new flood control projects authorized by the U.S.Army Corps of Engineers(USACE). Table 2.1 shows how the 10-step CRS planning process aligns with the four phases of hazard mitigation planning pursuant to the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000. w 01,1110S . �.ouir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 506 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS zlllh�llll02.1 II liltliogadoii,i suu id 1„ IIII't0"10 St I, IIII!)irocoss IIII'tctcuu^cuuicc""IIP'"oIIIPwi4 DMA Process CRS Process Phase I-Planning Process §201.6(c)(1) Step 1. Organize to Prepare the Plan §201.6(b)(1) Step 2. Involve the Public §201.6(b)(2)&(3) Step 3. Coordinate Phase II-Risk Assessment §201.6(c)(2)(i) Step 4. Assess the Hazard §201.6(c)(2)(ii) &(iii) Step S. Assess the Problem Phase III-Mitigation Strategy §201.6(c)(3)(i) Step 6. Set Goals §201.6(c)(3)(ii) Step 7. Review Possible Activities §201.6(c)(3)(iii) Step 8. Draft an Action Plan Phase IV-Plan Maintenance §201.6(c)(5) Step 9. Adopt the Plan §201.6(c)(4) Step 10. Implement, Evaluate and Revise the Plan The process followed for the preparation of this plan,as outlined in Table 2.1 above,is as follows: .33 PHA„SE" I ..... 1..ANNING PROCESS Planning Step 1:Organize to Prepare the Plan With the County's commitment to participate in the DMA planning process, community officials worked to establish the framework and organization for development of the plan. An initial meeting was held with key community representatives to discuss the organizational aspects of the plan development process. Monroe County Emergency Management led the effort to reorganize and coordinate for the plan update. Consultants from WSP assisted by facilitating the planning process and preparing the plan document. Planning Step 2:Involve the Public Public involvement in the development of the plan was sought using various methods,as detailed in Section 2.6. Planning Step 3: Coordinate The existing LMSWG,formed for development of the 2020 Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy,was reconvened for this plan update.Membership was updated where necessary to ensure each community had adequate representation from staff and stakeholders. More details on the LMSWG are provided in Section 2.4. Stakeholder coordination was incorporated into the formation of the LMSWG and was also sought through additional outreach methods. These efforts are detailed in Section 2.8 and documentation of additional stakeholder outreach is provided in Appendix B. Coordination with Other Community Planning Efforts and Hazard Mitigation Activities In addition to stakeholder involvement,coordination with other community planning efforts was also seen as paramount to the success of this plan. Mitigation planning involves identifying existing policies,tools, and actions that will reduce a community's risk and vulnerability to hazards. Communities in the Monroe County use a variety of planning mechanisms,such as comprehensive plans, subdivision regulations, building codes,and ordinances to guide growth and development. Integrating existing planning efforts, mitigation policies,and action strategies into this plan establishes a credible and comprehensive plan that ties into and supports other community programs. As detailed in Table 2.2,the development of this plan couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily If3acpe 9 507 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS incorporated information from existing plans, studies,reports,and initiatives as well as other relevant data from neighboring communities and other jurisdictions. These and other documents were reviewed and considered, as appropriate,during the collection of data to support the planning process and plan development.Data from these sources was incorporated into the risk and vulnerability assessment and was used in determining the capability of each jurisdiction to implement certain mitigation strategies. The Risk Assessment is presented in Section 4 and the Capability Assessment can be found in Section 5. a 2.2 Suiii,iiniii,iinairy of IIIIIIIIII'xlivatliuuulig dtudles auuiid II'tuvlile ud Resource Referenced Use in this Plan Where available,each community's comprehensive plan was referenced to develop the Planning Area Profile in Section 3. Local Comprehensive Plans Local land use and comprehensive plans were also used to develop Mitigation Action Plans in Section 7 and were referenced in the Capability Assessment in Section S. Local Ordinances(Flood Damage Local ordinances were referenced in the Capability Assessment Prevention Ordinances,Subdivision in Section 5 and where applicable for updates or enforcement Ordinances,Zoning Ordinances,etc) in Mitigation Action Plans in Section 7. Monroe County and Incorporated FIS reports were referenced in the preparation of the flood Areas Flood Insurance Study(FIS) hazard profile in Section 4. Report Monroe County Comprehensive The CEMP was referenced in the preparation of the wildfire Emergency Management Plan (CEMP), hazard profile in Section 4 and in the Capability Assessment in January 2022 Section 5. Florida Department of Environmental These two plans were referenced in the preparation of the Protection Critically Eroded Beaches coastal erosion hazard profile in Section 4. Report(2019)and Strategic Beach Management Plan: Florida Keys Region The previous plan was referenced in compiling the Hazard Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Identification and Risk Assessment in Section 4 and in Local Mitigation Plan,2020 reporting on implementation status and developing the Mitigation Action Plans in Section 2 and Section 7,respectively. This is an operational framework intended to help Monroe Monroe County Post-Disaster Recovery County navigate resources that are available for long-term Strategy recovery;it was used to identify post-disaster mitigation policies and procedures,detailed in Section 5. Monroe County Recovery Plan,October This plan was used to identify post-disaster mitigation policies 2009 and procedures,detailed in Section 5. 2.3.2 PHA„wwro E II ..... IS A„wwro„wwro E„wwro„wwro M . 7... Planning Steps 4 and 5: Identify/Assess the Hazard and Assess the Problem The LMSWG completed a comprehensive effort to identify,document, and profile all hazards that have, or could have,an impact on the planning area. Geographic information systems(GIS)were used to display,analyze, and quantify hazards and vulnerabilities. A draft of the risk and vulnerability assessment was made available on the plan website for the LMSWG, stakeholders,and the public to review and comment. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 508 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS The LMSWG also conducted a capability assessment to review and document the planning area's current capabilities to mitigate risk from and vulnerability to hazards. By collecting information about existing government programs,policies,regulations,ordinances, and emergency plans,the LMSWG could assess those activities and measures already in place that contribute to mitigating some of the risks and vulnerabilities identified. A more detailed description of the risk assessment process and the results are included in Section 4 Risk Assessment. 2.3.3 PHA E111 ... 17...ICA"7 10N S7... �.7...E " Planning Steps 6 and 7: Set Goals and Review Possible Activities WSP facilitated a discussion with the LMSWG to review and revise the planning goals and objectives and consider a comprehensive range of mitigation alternatives. The LMSWG also discussed a method of selecting and defending recommended mitigation actions using a series of selection criteria. This information is included in Section 6 Mitigation Strategy. Planning Step 8: Draft an Action Plan A complete first draft of the plan was prepared based on input from the LMSWG regarding the draft risk assessment and the goals and activities identified in Planning Steps 6 and 7. This draft was shared for LMSWG, stakeholder,and public review and comment via the plan website. LMSWG,public, and stakeholder comments were integrated into the final draft for FDEM and FEMA Region 4 to review and approve,contingent upon final adoption by all participating jurisdictions. w„.4 PHASEIV P1A AI 7 ENANCE Planning Step 9: Adopt the Plan To secure buy-in and officially implement the plan,the plan will be reviewed and adopted by all participating jurisdictions.Resolutions will be provided in Section 9. Planning Step 10: Implement,Evaluate and Revise the Plan Implementation and maintenance of the plan is critical to the overall success of hazard mitigation planning. Up to this point in the planning process,the LMSWG's efforts have been directed at researching data,coordinating input from participating entities,and developing mitigation actions. Section 8 Plan Maintenance provides an overview of the strategy for plan implementation and maintenance,outlines the method and schedule for monitoring,updating,and evaluating the plan,and discusses plan integration and how to continue public involvement. 2.4. III III I III N S II III N As with the previous plan,this LMS was developed under the guidance of a the LMSWG whose representatives included County and City departments,federal and state agencies,citizens, and other stakeholders. The LMSWG included 39 staff members and 43 outside stakeholders. Table 2.3 lists the membership of the LMSWG,the agencies and jurisdictions they represented, and members' attendance at meetings.Many of these representatives were involved in the development of the 2020 LMS and have since participated in regular plan reviews and maintenance. Additional staff from each jurisdiction were invited to participate, as needed,to ensure representation from each community. 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Agendas,minutes,and sign-in sheets for the LMSWG meetings are included in Appendix B. The meeting dates and topics discussed are summarized in Section 2.5 Meetings and Workshops.All LMSWG meetings were open to the public. The DMA planning regulations and guidance stress that each local government seeking FEMA approval of their mitigation plan must participate in the planning effort in the following ways: — Participate in the process as part of the LMSWG; — Detail where within the planning area the risk differs from that facing the entire area; — Identify potential mitigation actions; and — Formally adopt the plan. For the Monroe County LMSWG, "participation"meant the following: — Providing facilities for meetings; — Attending and participating in the LMSWG meetings; — Collecting and providing requested data(as available); — Providing an update on previously adopted mitigation actions; — Managing administrative details; — Making decisions on plan process and content; — Identifying mitigation actions for the plan; — Reviewing and providing comments on plan drafts; — Informing the public,local officials,and other interested parties about the planning process and providing opportunity for them to comment on the plan; — Coordinating and participating in the public input process; and — Coordinating the formal adoption of the plan by local governing bodies. Detailed summaries of LMSWG meetings are provided under Section 2.5 Meetings and Workshops, including meeting dates,locations,and topics discussed.During the planning process,the LMSWG members communicated through face-to-face meetings,email, and phone conversations. This continued communication ensured that coordination was ongoing throughout the entire planning process even though not all LMSWG members could be present at every meeting.Additionally,draft documents were distributed via the plan website so that the LMSWG members could easily access and review them and provide comments. 2_5III III II The preparation of this plan required a series of meetings and workshops for facilitating discussion, gaining consensus,and initiating data collection efforts with local government staff,community officials, and other identified stakeholders.More importantly,the meetings and workshops prompted continuous input and feedback from relevant participants throughout the drafting stages of the plan. Table 2.4 summarizes the key meetings and workshops held by the LMSWG during the development of the plan. In many cases,routine discussions and additional meetings were held by local staff to accomplish planning tasks specific to their department or agency such as reporting on changes to local capabilities,updating the status of mitigation actions, and identifying new actions.This includes data collection meetings held between the planning team and the participating jurisdictions. These meetings were informal and are not documented here. Public meetings are summarized in subsection 2.6. IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I13acpe'll,'5 513 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS I �eIIIPww�lllle'��fP.4 Suul°nii,ii airynf 111I III44 1„'i III ee li figs I .. Meeting Title Meeting Topic Meeting Date Meeting Location 1) Introduction to DMA and CPS LMSWG Mtg.#1 requirements and the planning -Project Kick- process January 30,2025 Microsoft Teams Off 2) Review of LMSWG responsibilities and the project schedule 1) Review the draft Hazard Monroe County LMSWG Mtg. Identification&Risk Assessment Emergency #2 2) Discuss updates to local capabilities March 26,2025 Operations Center& 3) Review problem statements and mitigation action ideas Microsoft Teams LMSWG Mtg. 1) Review draft goals and objectives #3 2) Review mitigation alternatives and June 5,2025 Microsoft Teams draft mitigation strategies LMSWG Mtg. 1) Review the draft Local Mitigation #4 Plan July1,2025 Microsoft Teams 2) Solicit comments and feedback 2.6 IIII IIIIN IIII VIII IIIIN An important component of any mitigation planning process is public participation. Individual citizen and community-based input provides the entire planning team with a greater understanding of local concerns and increases the likelihood of successfully implementing mitigation actions by developing community "buy-in"from those directly affected by the decisions of public officials.As citizens become more involved in decisions that affect their safety,they are more likely to gain a greater appreciation of the hazards present in their community and take the steps necessary to reduce their impact. Public awareness is a key component of any community's overall mitigation strategy aimed at making a home, neighborhood, school,business, or entire planning area safer from the potential effects of hazards. Public involvement in the development of the plan was sought using various methods including open public meetings,an interactive plan website,a public participation survey, and by making copies of draft plan documents available for public review online and at government offices. Additionally,all LMSWG meetings were made open to the public. All public meetings were advertised on the plan website,which was shared on local community websites. Where possible,advertisements were also posted on community websites and social media. Copies of meeting announcements are provided in Appendix B. The public meetings held during the planning process are summarized in Table 2.5. °°III"''elllh lllle'f 5 4uuu°,ul uu°,ulweuugnf IIII' uIIIP llllioc 1114eet1iiigs Meeting Title Meeting Topic Meeting Date Meeting Location 1) Introduction to the planning process Public and project schedule March 15,2025 Microsoft Teams Meeting#1 2) Explanation of mitigation 5pm 3) Review of hazard identification Public 1) Review draft Hazard Mitigation Plan July1,2025 Microsoft Teams Meeting#2 2) Solicit comments and feedback 5pm couu,wy a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 514 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS 1 11 The LMSWG agreed to employ a variety of public outreach methods including established public information mechanisms and resources, such as press releases,creation of a website for the plan,a public survey, and the collection of public and stakeholder comments on the draft plan. Table 2.6 details public outreach efforts employed during the preparation of this plan. a 2.6 IIII)!!ublllNcOuctllll^aacllliiIIIIIIIIII'rffauumts Location Date Event/Message Plan website Ongoing Project specific website created to host meeting announcements, meeting materials;planning process schedule,and contact information to request additional information and/or provide comments Community March 2025 Announcement about plan update on local government websites websites including a link to the public survey and a link to direct users to the plan website Community March 2025 To reach community social media audiences,plan website and survey social media announcements posted with information about the planning process Community March 2025, Public meeting announcements posted with information about the websites and June 2025 planning process and requests for feedback social media Local March 2025 Information on the plan update shared,including links to the plan newspaper website and public survey Public survey February-May Survey hosted online and made available via shareable link 2025 Draft HIRA April 2025 Draft hazard identification and risk assessment section of the plan made available for review and comment online Draft Capability May 2025 Draft capability assessment section of the plan made available for Assessment review and comment online Draft Plan June 2025 Full draft plan made available for review and comment online A public survey was made available on the plan website and remained open for response until February to April 2025. The public survey requested public input into the planning process,risk perception,past hazard events,and the identification of mitigation activities to lessen the risk and impact of future hazard events. The survey is shown in Appendix B. The survey was publicized online and made available on the plan website. In total, 126 survey responses were received. The following is a list of high-level summary results and analysis derived from survey responses: — Most responses came from residents of Unincorporated Monroe County,followed by Islamorada and Key West. — 86%of respondents have experienced a hazard event in the County in the past. Over two thirds of these experiences were related to hurricane and the remaining responses noted flooding events. Around 34%of respondents specifically mentioned Hurricane Irma. — There is significant concern among respondents about future hazard impacts. On average,respondents rated their concern at 4.4 out of 5. — Flood,Tropical Cyclone,and Sea Level Rise were rated the highest risk hazards. Wildfire,Drought, and Radiological Incident were rated the lowest risk hazards. — About 73%of respondents have taken actions to protect their home and neighborhood from hazards. Some respondents reported property protection measures such as elevating their home, altering couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 515 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS drainage patterns on their property,installing hurricane roof brackets for wind protection, or applying for acquisition. Others reported preparedness actions such as raising furniture and valuables,having a backup generator,trimming trees,and keeping drainage ditches cleaned out. — Respondents favored prevention, emergency services,and property protection projects for mitigation. Specific recommendations included, limiting development and impervious surface,drainage maintenance,drainage improvements, and natural resource and mangrove protection. Detailed survey results are provided in Appendix B. 2.8 hdN III IN G I S' "I'Af In addition to representatives of each participating jurisdiction,the LMSWG included a variety of stakeholders. Stakeholders on the LMSWG included residents and business owners as well as representatives from Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority(FKAA),Florida Keys Electrical Cooperative Association(FKEC),and KEYS Energy Services, all of which are participating agencies in the plan, as well as other local and regional agencies and Florida Department of Emergency Management(FDEM). Input from additional stakeholders,including neighboring communities,non-profits,and other state and federal agencies,was solicited through invitations to the open public meetings and distribution of the public survey. However,if any additional stakeholders representing other agencies and organizations participated through the public survey,that information is unknown due to the anonymous nature of the survey. 2'_ IIII I 1 III0 IN 0Illf°°°° Illf IIII IIII� Ilf Illf f .III........... f Progress on the mitigation strategy developed in the previous plan is documented in this plan update. Table 2.7 below details the status of mitigation actions from the previous plan.More detail on actions being carried forward is provided in Section 7 Mitigation Action Plans. alllh llllo2,7. Status of IIII')ul°cvl cuc Ill glilydgatlioouui Actlaiiis Jurisdiction Completed Deleted Carried Forward Monroe County 16 13 11 City of Key Colony Beach 2 - 5 City of Key West 12 - 78 City of Layton 1 - 4 City of Marathon 1 - 6 Islamorada Village of Islands 1 - 6 FKAA 11 1 1 FKEC 3 2 1 KEYS Energy Services 4 - 1 College of the Florida Keys - - - Total 51 16 113 Note:Some projects are multi-jurisdictional and may be counted more than once. It should be noted that although some communities have few or no completed actions removed from their mitigation action plans,this does not convey that mitigation has not been completed.Many actions that have been carried forward into this plan update reflect ongoing implementation and progress achieved. Details on completed and deleted actions are provided in Section 6: Mitigation Strategy. See Section 7: Mitigation Action Plans for status updates on carried forward mitigation actions. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 516 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS Community capability continues to improve with the implementation of new plans,policies,and programs that help to promote hazard mitigation at the local level. The current state of local capabilities for the participating jurisdictions is captured in Section 5: Capability Assessment. The participating jurisdictions continue to demonstrate their commitment to hazard mitigation and have proven this by meeting quarterly to implement and maintain the LMS,reconvening the LMSWG to update this multi- jurisdictional plan, and continuing to involve the public in the hazard mitigation planning process. Moving forward,information in this plan will be used to help guide and coordinate mitigation activities and decisions for local plans and policies in the future. Proactive mitigation planning will help reduce the cost of disaster response and recovery to communities and their residents by protecting critical community facilities,reducing liability exposure, and minimizing overall community impacts and disruptions. This plan identifies activities that can be undertaken by both the public and the private sectors to reduce safety hazards,health hazards, and property damage. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage 11l9 517 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS — Respondents favored prevention, emergency services,and property protection projects for mitigation. Specific recommendations included, limiting development and impervious surface,drainage maintenance,drainage improvements, and natural resource and mangrove protection. Detailed survey results are provided in Appendix B. 2_t hdN III IN G I S"I'Af In addition to representatives of each participating jurisdiction,the LMSWG included a variety of stakeholders. Stakeholders on the LMSWG included residents and business owners as well as representatives from Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority(FKAA),Florida Keys Electrical Cooperative Association(FKEC),and KEYS Energy Services, all of which are participating agencies in the plan, as well as other local and regional agencies and Florida Department of Emergency Management(FDEM). Input from additional stakeholders,including neighboring communities,non-profits,and other state and federal agencies,was solicited through invitations to the open public meetings and distribution of the public survey. However,if any additional stakeholders representing other agencies and organizations participated through the public survey,that information is unknown due to the anonymous nature of the survey. 2. IIII I 1 III0 IN 0Illf°°°° Illf IIII IIII� Ilf Illf f .III........... Progress on the mitigation strategy developed in the previous plan is documented in this plan update. Table 2.7 below details the status of mitigation actions from the previous plan.More detail on actions being carried forward is provided in Section 7 Mitigation Action Plans. elllh llllo2"'t' Status of IIII3ul°evi000e Illglilydgadouul oAlilouu1S Jurisdiction Completed Deleted Carried Forward Monroe County 16 13 11 City of Key Colony Beach 2 - 5 City of Key West 12 - 78 City of Layton 1 - 4 City of Marathon 1 - 6 Islamorada Village of Islands 1 - 6 FKAA 11 1 1 FKEC 3 2 1 KEYS Energy Services 4 - 1 College of the Florida Keys - - - Total 51 16 113 Note:Some projects are multi-jurisdictional and may be counted more than once. It should be noted that although some communities have few or no completed actions removed from their mitigation action plans,this does not convey that mitigation has not been completed.Many actions that have been carried forward into this plan update reflect ongoing implementation and progress achieved. Details on completed and deleted actions are provided in Section 6: Mitigation Strategy. See Section 7: Mitigation Action Plans for status updates on carried forward mitigation actions. Community capability continues to improve with the implementation of new plans,policies,and programs that help to promote hazard mitigation at the local level. The current state of local capabilities for the participating jurisdictions is captured in Section 5: Capability Assessment. The participating couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 518 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS jurisdictions continue to demonstrate their commitment to hazard mitigation and have proven this by meeting quarterly to implement and maintain the LMS,reconvening the LMSWG to update this multi- jurisdictional plan, and continuing to involve the public in the hazard mitigation planning process. Moving forward,information in this plan will be used to help guide and coordinate mitigation activities and decisions for local plans and policies in the future. Proactive mitigation planning will help reduce the cost of disaster response and recovery to communities and their residents by protecting critical community facilities,reducing liability exposure, and minimizing overall community impacts and disruptions. This plan identifies activities that can be undertaken by both the public and the private sectors to reduce safety hazards,health hazards, and property damage. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage 11l9 519 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE This section provides a general overview of the current conditions in Monroe County and its participating municipalities. It consists of the following sub-sections: 3.1 Geography and Environment 3.2 Population and Demographics 3.3 Historic Properties 3.4 Housing 3.5 Infrastructure 3.6 Current and Future Land Use 3.7 Employment and Industry Monroe County is located at the southernmost tip of the State of Florida. The Florida Keys,which consist of an archipelago that sweeps southwesterly from southeastern Miami-Dade County for almost 150 miles, are located precariously between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. The area of Monroe County located on the Florida mainland is bordered by Collier County to the north and Miami-Dade County to the east. A location map is provided in Figure 3.1. The entire mainland portion of Monroe County is within Everglades National Park or Big Cypress National Preserves,with only 14 total residential buildings. The Florida Keys are characterized by long,narrow,and low-lying islands that average four to seven feet above mean sea level. The Florida Keys archipelago includes 74 named islands identified by the County's parcel data and detailed in Figure 3.2. The planning area comprises a total land area of approximately 982.2 square miles of land area.Large areas of submerged lands associated with parks and preserves also fall within Monroe County,bringing the County's total area to approximately 3,738 square miles. The total land area of each participating jurisdiction is listed in Table 3.1. alllh Mlle d"i ""III'"'WWI IIII auu d Area of IIII'Dauum'tlicili ll' a'tiiiiiilg 3uirliosdictlilaiiis Jurisdiction Total Area(sq.mi.) Monroe County 982.20 City of Key Colony Beach 0.44 City of Key West 5.60 City of Layton 0.16 City of Marathon 8.45 Islamorada Village of Islands 6.45 Source:US Census Bureau,www.data.census.gov C01,01l"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I+ . d Juidsdcdonal I ocall fiL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02 wage 520 r N 57 4 J i q U a a a o a �I �r 7E c� LL 73 I v I W �! 73 ad C� L; 14 L; C �... CIO H 1 N N O uNG pm, IIII II Im �„ uuuuu Inm 4y.. — �,� v81100,. U ,� �q doh"° eIQIIu G Ca e� w ev z 4 0 w .'�' >' w w ¢ w o w m0111f;m 4 +Vu o o it s x Z Y z 101 M U v9 U �, 'c� U w w © Z Mi7 < '� `7, o r > a d : U z Z I���IIY�V�1 --o h7 M +3' ':6 C- 0] Q+ 4 ti N C✓1 'd" is] T O .--I N M el" _ :i } \ _ ic] zz ux a m z o zv 1 ru U p C4 'a p cC C7 L) �6 :- O 0 ',� U m Q Ems- S�' 1, e4 0� a o ra rra m m m rn nn m rn M, m m w� m m m�rn o ,ti r*i cn nay v7 t~. m a o W nr rm ry � � Ln , LL a �- Z Z va441 v4rl ¢: > h Z W W [�ci F [�i7 `^ C.0 '�1 z c'In� z r as W H III IIV t SECTION& PLANNING AREA PROFILE According to the K6ppen climate classification system,Monroe County has a tropical savannah climate, characterized by consistent high temperatures(at or near sea level)with a pronounced dry season in the winter. The region experiences an average annual high temperature of 83.7°F and an average annual low of 74.0°F.Average annual precipitation is approximately 40.44 inches. Figure 3.3 shows the average monthly precipitation for the Key West weather station,which approximates temperature and precipitation of the County. I Iiogoouu^o"Ilda'Pl' vouu^ago III ouI°'t'lli^i ly ouI°vIIIP eii,a't'auuao auu id IIII"uu^ooliulllP Iilrt'a't'Iiuouu�I Monthly Cllmate Normans(1991-2020)—KEY WEST INT'L AIRPORT,FL a no I.5 1Ptl wn Fob Mar h,n May Jury )W _ A, Smp [tcl Nmv IJ+er re�a�a�oa�o�, ��T������u �om„ - ���P timN.— �AvyT���a Source:Northeast RCC CLIMOD 2. As shown in the map of HUC-12 watersheds in Figure 3.4,Monroe County is split between 16 I UC-12 watersheds. Table 3.2 below lists these watersheds with the total area of the County that is included within each. II aIIIPilW"''Ida nl Ut„'"11 IIIIII'taaliuul°a aIIIIiId Area... HUC 12 Basin Name Acreage 030902021300 Everglades National Park 566,465.95 030902021400 Broad River-Taylor Slough Frontal 338,535.20 030902021500 Ponce de Leon Bay-Gulf of Mexico 82,301.87 030902030100 Florida Bay 235,639.15 030902030200 Upper Florida Keys 207,344.02 030902030300 Lower Florida Keys 231,929.13 030902030600 Yacht Channel-Gulf of Mexico 132,165.41 030902030500 Harbor Channel-Gulf of Mexico 249,625.30 030902030400 Hawk Channel-Atlantic Ocean 429,202.93 030902030700 Dry Tortugas 70,616.36 030902040800 Rooker Bay 93,816.60 030902041100 Lopez River-Lostmans River Frontal 133,566.81 030902041000 Big Cypress Swamp 612,437.14 030902041200 Pavilion Key-Gulf of Mexico 229,860.45 030902061609 Everglades National Park Frontal 44,437.67 030902061702 South Biscayne Bay 774.59 011°°,1110e ., �.0Lnu""Iw, „a u.. su� Strategy y ..02 Kidd Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ a„',R 523 Re N ° rJ w s9 I Y dl � ✓ e L m C w I a •> la U " Y k ; 4I z I �Ilb N Z W H J w C ab'1 LL a X" O x H V m r,4 om a Q I.II I Z M III I � y� p a,� hhlt SECTION& PLANNING AREA PROFILE ICIIIIIII IL....... IL.. According to data from the U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service's National Wetlands Inventory,there are approximately 856,455 acres of wetlands in the region. Wetland areas are shown in Figure 3.5.Acreage by wetland type is summarized in Table 3.3. allll' Illla"II .'P9 Acirpage Ilkjy PVlauu d""III"' lll' e Wetlands Type Acreage Estuarine and Marine Deepwater 217,198 Estuarine and Marine Wetland 446,675 Freshwater Emergent Wetland 111,943 Freshwater Forested/Shrub Wetland 80,321 Freshwater Pond 214 La ke 99 Riverine 6 Total 856,455 Source:USFWS National Wetlands Inventory Natural and Beneficial Wetland Functions: The benefits of wetlands are hard to overestimate. They provide critical habitat for many plant and animal species that could not survive in other habitats. They are also critical for water management as they absorb and store vast quantities of storm water,helping reduce floods and recharge aquifers. Not only do wetlands store water like sponges,they also filter and clean water as well,absorbing toxins and other pollutants. 14) .... 0' Monroe County is home to many parks,preserves,beaches,and other natural areas. Mainland Monroe County is home to the western portion of Everglades National Park. There are also 11 state parks: — Curry Hammock State Park — Fort Zachary Taylor Historic State Park — John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park — Bahia Honda State Park — Long Key State Park — Indian Key Historic State Park — Dagny Johnson Key Largo Hammock Botanical State Park — Florida Keys Overseas Heritage Trail — Windley Key Fossil Reef Geological State Park — San Pedro Underwater Archaeological Preserve State Park — Lignumvitae Key Botanical State Park The Monroe County Facilities Maintenance Department maintains 23 parks and beaches,covering more than 100 acres. 0IIIII"0e C01,01l"',t, „a u. u� gy ..026 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 525 m N a, V JA b e""-uww� as Wry � \ p y^ e U j IM 74 W � J I Zre % c c y 06 ¢i LMA L kr!I z mw k„' Lh 0 WCIO p a,' hhlt H 1 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE II°°°°°III IG i"Ikllllllll Ikllllllll II' Ikllllllll IL.. IL.. Ikllllllll II' IL.. Ikllllllll IG i"Ikllllllll IL.. IG"''Ikllllllll II Ikllllllll The U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service maintains a regular listing of threatened species, endangered species, species of concern,and candidate species for counties across the United States. There are 59 such species in the County. Table 3.4 below lists the species identified as threatened, endangered, or other classification for Monroe County. alllh lllla 3.4 ""III'"'llllvrea't'auuiad auu d IIIIIIIII'uu ldauu ly'''uu^ad ylllmclioe�s,III auuiuu^oe t„ouuuirty Group Common Name Scientific Name Federal Status Birds Piping Plover Charadrius melodus Threatened Birds Everglade snail kit Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeaus Endangered Birds Roseate tern Sterna dougallii dougallii Threatened Birds Cape Sable seaside sparrow Ammondramus maritimus Endangered mirabilis Birds Wood stork Mycteria Americana Threatened Birds Red knot Calidris canutus rufa Threatened Birds Bachman's warbler Vermivora bachmanii Endangered Birds Crested caracara Caracara plancus audubonii Threatened Birds Eastern Black rail Laterallus jamaicensis Threatened Birds Cape Sable seaside sparrow Ammospiza maritima mirabiliis Endangered Birds Piping Plover Charadrius melodus Threatened Birds Everglade snail kit Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus Endangered Birds Bachman's warbler Vermivora bachmanii Extinction Birds Black-capped Petrel Vermivora bachmanii Endangered Flowering Plants Key tree cactus Pilosocereus robinii Endangered Flowering Plants Garber's spurge Chamaesyce garberi Threatened Flowering Plants Sand flax Linum Arenicola Endangered Flowering Plants Florida semaphore Cactus Consolea corallicola Endangered Flowering Plants Wedge spurge Chamaesyce deltoidei serpyllum Endangered Flowering Plants Florida pineland crabgrass Digitaria pauciflora Threatened Flowering Plants Everglades bully Sideroxylon reclinatum ssp. Threatened Flowering Plants Cape Sable Thoroughwort Chromolaena frustrata Endangered Flowering Plants Big Pine partridge pea Chamaecrista lineata keyensis Endangered Flowering Plants Blodgett's silverbush Argythamnia blodgettii Threatened Flowering Plants Beach jacquemontia Jacquemontia reclinata Endangered Flowering Plants Tiny polygala Polygala smallii Endangered Flowering Plants Carter's mustard Warea carteri Endangered Flowering Plants Amorpha crenulata Crenulate lead-plant Endangered Flowering Plants Galactia smallii Small's milkpea Endangered Flowering Plants Deltoid spurge Chamaesyce deltoidea Endangered Flowering Plants Florida brickell-bush Brickellia mosieri Endangered Flowering Plants Carter's Small-Flowered Linum carteri carteri Endangered Flax Flowering Plants Blackbract pipewort Eriocaulon nigrobracteatum Under review Flowering Plants Florida prarie-clover Dalea carthagenesis Endangered Flowering Plants Pineland sandmat Chamaesyce deltoidea pinetorum Threatened Schaus swallowtail Heraclides aristodemus Insects Endangered butterfly po ncea n us solr'IIi o coLdu""It a u. u� � y ..02 I"+°fll.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 527 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Group Common Name Scientific Name Federal Status Insects Miami Blue Butterfly Cyclargus(=Hemiargus)thomasi Endangered Insects Florida leafwing Butterfly Anaea troglodyta floridalis Endangered Insects Bartram's hairstreak Strymon acis bartrami Endangered Butterfly Insects Monarch butterfly Danaus plexippus Proposed Threatened Mammals Florida bonneted bat Eumops floridanus Endangered Mammals Lower Keys marsh rabbit Sylvilagus palustris hefneri Endangered Mammals Silver rice rat Oryzomys palustris natator Endangered Puma(=Felis)concolor(all subsp. Similarity of Mammals Puma (=mountain lion) Except coryi) Appearance (Threatened) Mammals West Indian Manatee Trichechus manatus Threatened Mammals Key Largo woodrat Neotoma floridana smalli Endangered Mammals Key deer Odocoileus virginianus clavium Endangered Mammals Key Largo cotton mouse Peromyscus gossypinus Endangered allapaticola Mammals Florida panther Puma (=Felis)concolor coryi Endangered Reptile Hawksbill sea turtle Eretmochelys imbricate Endangered Reptile Eastern indigo snake Drymarchon corais couperi Threatened Reptile Gopher tortoise Gopherus Polyphemus Resolved Taxon Reptile Leatherback sea turtle Dermochelys coriacea Endangered Reptile Loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta Threatened Reptile American crocodile Crocodylus acutus Threatened Similarity of Reptile American alligator Alligator mississippiensis Appearance (Threatened) Reptile Green sea turtle Chelonia mydas Threatened Reptile Florida Keys mole skink Plestiodon egregius egregius ProposedThreatened Snails Stock Island tree snail Orthalicus reses(not incl. Threatened nesod ryas) Source: U.S.Fish&Wildlife Service(h s:!! .fws.r�ovlendan eredn Monroe County has experienced moderate population growth since 2010, approximately 14.6 percent, according to data from the U.S. Census Bureau's Decennial Census. However,the County's population had declined by just over 8 percent in the decade prior(2000-2010). Table 3.5 provides population counts from 2000,2010,and 2020 for each of the participating jurisdictions. Table 3.6 provides population projections for Monroe County for 2020-2045.Figure 3.6 shows 2023 population density by census tract in persons per square mile. 0II""III"0e C01,01l"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 I"+°fll.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ Iwage i',,I1!3 528 SECTION 3; PLANNING AREA PROFILE ellbllW 3.5 III oul°youvet„o uuIrL211113goIP 'llll tliuouuil i„cuiiits 2000 2010 Total 2020 Census %Change Jurisdiction Census Census Change Population 2010-2020 Population Population 2010-2020 City of Key Colony Beach 788 797 790 -7 -0.9% City of Key West 25,478 24,649 26,444 1,795 73% City of Layton 186 184 210 26 14.1% City of Marathon 10,255 8,297 9,689 1,392 16.8% Islamorada Village of Islands 6,846 6,119 7,107 988 16.1% Unincorporated Monroe County 36,036 33,044 38,634 5,590 16.9% County Total 79,589 73,090 82,874 9,784 13.4% State of Florida 75,982,378 1 78,807,370 27,538,787 1 2,736,877 14.6% Source: US Census Bureau Decennial Census 2000,Decennial Census 2010;Decennial Census 2020 *Because of Layton's small size,population estimates are likely to underreport total population;the population of the City was also reported to be 186 in 2020 by the Bureau of Economic and Business Research at the University of Florida. cull Mlle"III 6""""III' ouuiluu^oe t„cu IIIIIiL2111130llls' IIIWtlillsmllllill III I)IIIrgjectliuohills 2022 Projections Population Estimate 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 Monroe County 83,961 Low 80,300 78,400 75,900 73,200 70,400 67,800 Medium 85,400 87,100 88,000 88,400 88,600 88,700 High 90,500 95,800 100,100 103,600 106,800 109,500 Source: Bureau of Economic and Business Research(University of Florida),Projections of Florida Population by County,by2025-2050,with estimates for2022 coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I .M JuidsWctbi4 I ocall fiL„aLbI I Strategy n�IWN�II"y ..02 I wagu: 529 O M tn Ln T �V4 ..y P yb T / � � � C � � U � m G P� y N O 0) S Z V) a uli o All U LL Z o 0 0 m C N a o C. 11,00 Z a' O ai uuul� � y� CIOp a,' hhlt H 1 SECTION& PLANNING AREA PROFILE Table 3.7 details demographic and social characteristics of each of the participating counties compared to the State of Florida overall according to the 2020 Decennial Census. Per this data,the Monroe County population is older than the state average. The County has a greater proportion of individuals with high school diplomas and Bachelor's degrees and a lower proportion of individuals with disabilities and who speak English less than very well as compared to the state. elllh lllla 3,7.. III auI°vrae t„ouul°sty IIII" uu°ul a'guu^ellll' IIII IIiIa 0uuu°lul uu°lul euu ,20'� 11; Demographic&Social Characteristics Monroe County Florida Median Age 49.7 43.0 %of Population Under 5 years old 3.7% 4.8% %of population Over 65 years old 23.4% 22.6% %of Population Over 25 with high school diploma 93.3% 89.6% %of Population Over 25 with bachelor's degree or higher 37.8% 33.2% %with Disability 11.3% 13.5% %Speak English less than "very well" 9.4% 12.1% Source:US Census Bureau,American Community Survey2019-2023 5-Year Estimates Racial characteristics of the participating jurisdictions,compared to the state average,are presented in Table 3.8. Monroe County and its jurisdictions are predominantly white and less racially diverse than the state as a whole. The county and its jurisdictions have a substantially smaller black population than the state.Monroe County does have a sizable Latino population with Latinos making up 23.4%of the county's total population, slightly lower than the state.And Latinos represent 30%of the population in the City of Marathon,higher than the state. elllh lllla°I3 8 'II auuiluumae i„ouuuirty IIII't!salldsll IIII" uu°ul�a'guu"ellll' IIII�IIiIas,2020 White, Black, Asian, Other Two or Persons of Jurisdiction % % % Race,% More Hispanicor Races,% Latino Origin,% City of Key Colony Beach 81.6% 2.4% 0.9% 0.8% 1.4% 12.9% City of Key West 61.1% 9.7% 2.3% 1.1% 3.4% 22.4% City of Layton 78.6% 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.0% 19.5% City of Marathon 62.5% 3.8% 0.9% 0.7% 2.4% 30.0% Islamorada Village of Islands 81% 1% 1% 0.5% 2% 15% Unincorporated Monroe County 67.1% 4.0% 1.0% 0.7% 2.8% 24.4% Monroe County 66.0% 5.5% 1.4% 0.8% 2.9% 23A% Florida 52% 15% 3% 4% 0.9% 26% Source: US Census Bureau,American Community Survey 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates Note:Racial statistics represent the proportion of individuals that fall in each category alone;i.e.the white population represents the non-Hispanic white population. Figure 3.7 displays social vulnerability information for Monroe County by census tract according to 2022 data and analysis by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC). The CDC's Social Vulnerability Index(SVI)indicates the relative vulnerability within census tracts based on 15 social factors: poverty,unemployment,income, education, age,disability,household composition,minority status,language,housing type,and transportation access.Higher social vulnerability is an indicator that a community may be limited in its ability to respond to and recover from hazard events. Therefore,using this SVI information can help the Region and jurisdictions to prioritize pre-disaster aid, allocate emergency preparedness and response resources,and plan for the provision of recovery support. 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',t, „a u. u� I ..02 I.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IW� I.,.M�d"� Il+fillLll„;�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;g,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 531 N M M P4 C), (�' h am V tn m c m wa Q N 4 0! a O. NO ) ix a o a Z' N R V ........... a) m ix A m s H o N o H \ � C f0 V) U � C 6 n mC N H mdll o mdll �" In In U Ilh^^^^ U U I c 0 O m mnr c v_1 Z o �� c7 u p © © © �:S ` IN Z U a' Fn 0 ` a u... O O i SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE As of March 2025,Monroe County had 61 listings on the National Register of Historic Places. Three of the listings are Historic Districts. Listing on the National Register signifies that these structures and districts have been determined to be worthy of preservation for their historical or cultural values. Additionally,four of these properties are also listed as National Historic Landmarks. II1111�11114l,illle"'. .9 IlItctliocuuicllll IIII'tcglillsteir of 1114°°Illliostc irlioc IIII')Illlcce�s IllI istl hugs liouuii III cuuiuumc,e(nu ul°wty Ref# Property Name Listed Date City Dry Tortugas 70000069 Fort Jefferson National Monument 11/10/1970 Islands Everglades 96001179 Cane Patch 11/5/1996 Nat'l Park Everglades 96001183 Rookery Mound 11/5/1996 Nat'l Park Everglades 96001180 Ten Thousand Islands Archeological District 11/5/1996 Nat'l Park 96001182 Bear Lake Mounds Archeological District 11/5/1996 Flamingo 06000979 Mud Lake Canal* 9/20/2006 Flamingo 79000684 Overseas Highway and Railway Bridges 8/13/1979 Florida Keys 11000860 Alligator Reef Light 12/1/2011 Islamorada 06000493 Chaves Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Islamorada 95000238 Florida Keys Memorial 3/16/1995 Islamorada 06000495 Herrara Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Islamorada 97000404 LaBranche Fishing Camp 5/9/1997 Islamorada 98000652 Lignumvitae Key Archeological and Historical District 2/16/1999 Islamorada 94000794 SAN FELIPE Shipwreck Site 8/11/1994 Islamorada 01000530 SAN PEDRO(shipwreck) 5/31/2001 Islamorada 06000501 Tres Puentes Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Islamorada 96000581 USS ALLIGATOR 6/6/1996 Islamorada 91001771 AFRICAN QUEEN 2/18/1992 Key Largo 84000199 Carysfort Lighthouse 10/31/1984 Key Largo 72000340 John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park and Reserve 4/14/1972 Key Largo 04000788 Overseas Highway and Railway Bridges(Boundary Increase) 8/3/2004 Key Largo 75000562 Rock Mound Archeological Site 7/1/1975 Key Largo 02000494 USCG Cutter DUANE 5/16/2002 Key Largo 12000362 African Cemetery at Higgs Beach 6/26/2012 Key West 71000243 Armory,The 3/11/1971 Key West 01000228 Dry Tortugas National Park 10/26/1992 Key West 71000244 Fort Zachary Taylor* 3/11/1971 Key West 73000586 Gato, Eduardo H., House 4/11/1973 Key West 89001428 HA.19(Japanese Midget Submarine) 6/30/1989 Key West 68000023 Hemingway,Ernest,House* 11/24/1968 Key West 92001879 INGHAM (USCGC)* 4/27/1992 Key West 71000245 Key West Historic District 3/11/1971 Key West 83001430 Key West Historic District(Boundary Increase) 2/24/1983 Key West C01.01i„ity„a u., a„� I" .11L. u w i:towaI I.o:aII WL„ata i Strategy n�wd�°y ..02 ge;.3 533 SECTION& PLANNING AREA PROFILE Ref# Property Name Listed Date City 74000652 Little White House 2/12/1974 Key West 72000341 Martello Gallery-Key West Art and Historical Museum 6/19/1972 Key West 73000587 Old Post Office and Customshouse 9/20/1973 Key West 73000588 Porter, Dr.Joseph Y.,House 6/4/1973 Key West 73000589 Sand Key Lighthouse 4/11/1973 Key West 06000957 Sloppy Joe's Bar 11/1/2006 Key West 94000633 Thompson Fish House,Turtle Cannery and Kraals 6/23/1994 Key West 73000590 U.S.Coast Guard Headquarters,Key West Station 10/15/1973 Key West 84000915 US Naval Station 5/8/1984 Key West Veterans of Foreign Wars Walter R. Mickens Post 6021 and 12000300 William Weech American Legion Post 168 5/30/2012 Key West 76000602 West Martello Tower 6/24/1976 Key West 84000930 WESTERN UNION (schooner) 5/16/1984 Key West 06000492 Angustias Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Layton 06000494 El Gallo Indiano Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Layton 06000499 San Francisco Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Layton 06000500 Sueco de Arizon Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Layton Lower Matecumbe 72000342 Indian Key 6/19/1972 Key 92001243 Adderley,George, House 9/10/1992 Marathon 12000092 Sombrero Key Light 3/9/2012 Marathon 90000443 Pigeon Key Historic District 3/16/1990 Pigeon Key 06000496 El Infante Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Plantation Plantation 75002123 SAN JOSE Shipwreck Site 3/18/1975 Key Sugarloaf 82002377 Bat Tower-Sugarloaf Key 5/13/1982 Key Summerland 10001189 American Shoal Light 1/25/2011 Key 06000497 El Rubi Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Tavernier 100005820 Matecumbe Methodist Church 11/30/2020 Islamorada 100006117 Matecumbe Methodist Church Cemetery 2/5/2021 Islamorada 100007123 Crane Point 10/29/2021 Marathon Source:National Parks Service,National Register of Historic Places,March 2025 *National Historic Landmarks 0 1I IIIIIIIN Table 3.10 and Table 3.11 provide details on housing characteristics in Monroe County and incorporated jurisdictions according to data from the 2020 Decennial Census and 2019-2023 ACS 5-Year Estimates. According to the 2020 Decennial Census,there are 53,961 housing units in Monroe County,of which 67.5 percent are occupied. Compared to the state,occupancy rates are lower across the county and all incorporated jurisdictions.Approximately 39.5%of occupied units are renter-occupied.A high percentage of renters is an indicator of higher pre-and post-disaster vulnerability because, according to C01.d1inw „a u. u� IM.11L. u w i:LowaI I.o:aII WL„aLa i Strategy n�wd�°. ..026 arage 341 534 SECTION& PLANNING AREA PROFILE Cutter,et al. (2003),renters often do not have the financial resources of homeowners,are more transient, are less likely to have information about or access to recovery aid following a disaster and are more likely to require temporary shelter following a disaster. The City of Key West has the highest rate of renter- occupied housing, at 55.6%.Higher rates of home ownership in some jurisdictions,including Islamorada and unincorporated Monroe County,where owner-occupied housing rates are all above 70 percent,may indicate that more residents in these areas are able to implement certain types of mitigation in their homes. The housing growth rate since 2010 has been positive in Key West(2.3%),Marathon(3.9%), unincorporated Monroe County(4.6%),and Monroe County(2.3%)as a whole.Key Colony Beach has experienced the largest decrease in overall housing units at-29.9 percent,followed by Layton(-9.8%), and Islamorada(-1.1%). Nearly 58 percent of housing units in Monroe County are detached single family homes. The next most common housing type is 10 or more apartments,which make up 11.4 of all housing units.Apartments are followed by mobile homes,which make up 9.5%of the county's housing;mobile homes can be more vulnerable to certain hazards, such as tornadoes and wind storms, especially if they aren't secured with tie downs. Almost half of Monroe County's housing,48.5 percent,was built prior to 1980.Age can indicate the potential vulnerability of a structure to certain hazards.For example,Monroe County first entered the National Flood Insurance Program in 1973. The Cities of Key Colony Beach,Key West,and Layton all entered the NFIP in 1971,however Marathon and Islamorada did not enter the NFIP until years later. This indicates that a significant portion of housing within Monroe County was not build to floodplain standards. allll llllo 3"10 III aiiiiimae i ouiiity auuiid Illluuiicouu"III' ouumated„luirliosdictlilaiiis,IlllIloucl iiig t„ Illliiaiiiiacteiiii,istics,2020 Housing Owner Mobile Housing Housing Units Percent Occupied Vacant Home Units, Jurisdiction Units Units Change Occupied Units, Units, (2010) (2020) (2010- (2020) Percent Percent percent 2020) (2020) (2020) (2023) City of Key Colony 1,431 1,003 -29.9% 41.0% 79.3% 59.0% 0.0% Beach City of Key West 14,107 14,426 2.3% 79.6% 44.4% 20.4% 3.8% City of Layton 184 166 -9.8% 63.3% 61.9% 36.7% 0.0% City of Marathon 6,187 6,427 3.9% 66.7% 57.2% 33.3% 10.4% Islamorada 5,692 5,630 -1.1% 58.3% 73.0% 41.7% 0.0% Village of Islands Unincorporated 25,163 26,309 4.6% 64.1% 69.4% 35.9% 13.0% Monroe County Monroe County 1 52,764 1 53,961 1 2.3% 1 67.5% 1 60.5% 1 32.50Yo 9.50Yo Florida 8,989,580 9,865,350 9.7% 86.5% 65.7% 73.5%�_7.5% Source:U.S.Census Bureau 2020 Decennial Census allll llllo 3"11 1110auuiuumae t„ouiiity 1111aucl iiig t„ Illliiauu^actaiiii,isttics,2020 Housing Characteristics Monroe County Florida Average Household Size 2.83 2.51 %of Housing Units with no Vehicles Available 6.9% 5.9% %of Housing Units that are mobile homes 9.5% 7.5% Source: American Community Survey,2019-2023 5-Year Estimates C01.01i,yL,wp„II'""IL. SIG" I" .11L. u w i:LowaI I.o:aII WL„aLa i Strategy n�wd�°y ..02 arage 3 5 535 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Transportation in Monroe County is unique.U.S. Route 1 (US 1),also known as the Overseas Highway, is the single road that forms the backbone of the transportation network in the Florida Keys and serves as the sole link to the Florida mainland.US 1 runs 126 miles from Florida City,in Miami Dade County,to Key West. The mostly two-lane highway is maintained by the Florida Department of Transportation. Along the route,there are 42 bridges totaling 19 miles. The Overseas Highway is a lifeline for the Keys, serving as both a highway and a"main street;"it drives the local economy by bringing food,materials, and tourists from the mainland. In addition to US 1,Monroe County maintains approximately 450 miles of roads,including 37 bridges. Card Sound Road—a toll road—serves as an alternate to US Highway 1 in some places. Mainland Monroe is primarily government owned parks and preserves and has few roads. The only County maintained road is Loop Road,a 16 mile loop off of US 41 that crosses the Miami Dade and Collier County lines. Key West,Marathon,Key Colony Beach,Islamorada,and Layton are all responsible for the streets within their boundaries that are not maintained by the state or the county. The County has two primary airports.Key West International Airport(EYW)is located within the Key West city limits,two miles east of the main commercial center. EYW is the primary passenger airport in the Keys and served more than 1.3 million passengers in 2023. Florida Keys/Marathon International Airport(MTH)is located within the Marathon city limits directly adjacent to US 1.MTH is a general aviation airport that currently does not have any scheduled passenger flights but does have charter air service.Both airports are self-supporting Enterprise Funds,which operate using money generated by rates and charges levied on airport tenants and users. The Airports Department operates the facilities and provides comprehensive aviation services. Bus service is provided by Greyhound to the Key Largo bus stop,the Marathon airport,and the Key West Bus Station.Key West Transit provides public bus service with five routes in the City of Key West and one route for the Lower Keys Shuttle,traveling between Key West and Marathon.Miami-Dade Transit provides the Dade-Monroe Express between Florida City and Marathon. .52 1..1.E""11..,/7"""1 IS Electric power for the County is provided by the Florida Keys Electric Cooperative(FKEC)from the Upper Keys(Miami-Dade County Line)to Marathon at the Seven Mile Bridge and by Keys Energy Services KEYS) from the Seven Mile Bridge to Key West. The electric transmission lines in the county are above-ground,and transmission poles are located in the water at bridge crossings between keys. FKEC is a member-owned not-for-profit electric utility. The cooperative brings power from the mainland to the Florida Keys to serve approximately 33,000 accounts via a 138,000-volt transmission line. The transmission line is jointly owned by FKEC and KEYS,with FKEC responsible for maintenance in their territory. FKEC purchases nearly 100 percent of its power from Florida Power&Light,although generators in Marathon and two solar arrays also contribute to power supply.FKEC operates 6 substations and maintains over 800-miles of distribution power lines. Keys Energy Services is a municipal owned public utility headquartered in Key West serving more than 28,000 customers.KEYS purchases all of its power through Florida Municipal Power Agency(FMPA) and imports the power from the mainland via the 138,000 volt transmission line.FMPA owns I I I C01.d1inw „a u. u� IM.11 L. u w :Lo a I I.o:a II W L„a Lo i Strategy n� d�°. ..026 wage 36 536 SECTION& PLANNING AREA PROFILE megawatts of generation on Stock Island. The local generation is used to meet peak loads and for emergency backup in the event of loss of the transmission line. KEYS operates 9 substations and maintains over 900 miles of distribution power lines(340 miles three phase equivalent). Water service in the Florida Keys is provided by the Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority(FKAA),an independent state agency with the primary purpose and function to obtain, supply,and distribute an adequate water supple to the Florida Keys. FKAA provides potable water across the County along with reclaimed water and wastewater services in select areas. In total,FKAA delivers approximately 16.5 million gallons of drinking water per day. The Authority manages the infrastructure to supple water, including a pipeline that originates in Florida City(Miami-Dade County)bringing water from the Biscayne Aquifer. The main pipeline that connects the upper keys is laid underwater; some distribution pipelines,however, are connected to roads and bridges and may be vulnerable to washout.FKAA additionally operates two reverse osmosis emergency water treatment plants to provide an alternate source when water cannot be supplied through the pipeline.FKAA is required to meet or exceed the latest edition of the Florida Building Code when building or renovating its facilities; it also complies with the minimum design standards for flood protection of water and wastewater infrastructure set by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. 3.6 C I Monroe County and each of its jurisdictions use a comprehensive land use plan to guide their growth.A community's comprehensive plan and future land use map help determine development decisions and indicate where growth can be expected to occur based on land suitability and the community's overall vision and priorities. In 1975,the Florida Keys were designated as an Area of Critical State Concern by the Administration Commission and then by the Florida Legislature in 1979. This designation is intended to protect environmental and natural resources of regional and statewide importance,historical archaeological resources, and major public facilities and public investments;these resources include the only coral reef system in North America,and the third largest in the world,and one of the most ecologically diverse ecosystems in the United States. Due to this designation, federal and state involvement in the County's land use planning is extensive. Land use in Monroe County is managed by the Monroe County Planning and Environmental Resources Department. The department has four offices: Comprehensive Planning,Current Planning,Environmental Resources,and Marine Resources; floodplain management also falls within this department. Across these offices,the department is responsible for the administration of the County's comprehensive plan and land development regulations,including processing amendments to the plan(comprehensive planning). Additionally,the department reviews development proposals for compliance with the plan,including environmental compliance(current planning). The County's adopted comprehensive plan,most recently updated in 2010 to plan through the year 2030,guides future growth and community development. Monroe County's Comprehensive Plan states that"Monroe County shall manage future growth to enhance the quality of life, ensure the safety of County residents and visitors, and protect valuable natural resources."It designates the following future land use categories to guide growth within the county: — Agriculture — Mixed Use/Commercial Fishing — Airport District — Mainland Native C01.d1inw „a u. u� IM.11L. u w i:LowaI I.o:aII WL„aLo i Strategy n�wd�°. ..026 If3acpe 37� 537 SECTION& PLANNING AREA PROFILE — Conservation — Public Buildings/Lands — Commercial — Public Facilities — Education — Recreation — Industrial — Residential Conservation — Institutional — Residential High — Military — Residential Low — Mixed Use/Commercial — Residential Medium Monroe County's future land use map is available via an online GIS application. The City of Key Colony Beach has an adopted comprehensive plan and regulates development with the official Zoning Map, shown below,which includes residential,resort hotel,neighborhood business, public buildings,public recreation, and conservation zones. Igulii*3,8 Key(CIIICIIIIiy IIIIII'azcllll 'Zaiiiiiiig I FIII' OFFICIAL ZONING MAP ,rtiwrk� wv 4 � tF"�y 1 t 1 � „r 1 IV112 kP wV'` '1 ;' ' A • ar. j"'c w irar ii n1Nf ;Y "' Vd V( YiJ } , I �?'A l� "i CITY OF KEY CGLI*oIW'�BEACH The City of Key West adopted its most recent comprehensive plan in 2013. Key West lists inclusiveness/diversity,ethics,community,environmental stewardship, and fiscal responsibility, as the core values of its comprehensive plan. It recommends medium and high-density development sparingly and emphasizes the legacy of historic residential and commercial uses. Key West's future land use categories are reflected in the map below and include: C01.d1inw a u. u� IM.11L. u w i:LowaI I.o:aII WL„aLo i Strategy n�wd�°. ..026 I13acpe 31!3 538 SECTION& PLANNING AREA PROFILE — Low Density Residential — Medium Density Residential — High Density Residential — Historic Residential — General Commercial — Historic Commercial — Public Service — Historic Public/Semi-Public — Conservation — Military Iguiiu^e3.9 (:Itynl Illl4ey West IIII'eteuu^e Illl aiiiiiid Use Illyalll's ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Iq j re I raa, i nWW ,r.,,�r raiyir iswmwy ua.�ar u'.ry „<. oirxnu�oc P'nmsnmwr� u 0—W 1oruaien,-uw,Mmx, OIPSYeim,e F�.BeNnT?wmmcJrv,ntw. i h I �q 0 025 0,5 1 t.5 2 w t'L'114e . ixrw:<:niu�mi ae�m,°n nip r�.an ie: MAP FIX-1,OTY OF KEY WEST-2030 FUTtJRE LAND 11131E MAP Source:2013 City of Key West Comprehensive Plan The City of Layton updated its comprehensive plan in 2016. Through this plan,the city sets out to "maintain the residential character of Layton,manage the rate of development and population growth to provide small-town ambiance,improve quality of life for residents..."The comprehensive plan provides an existing land use map(as of 2007)as well as a future land use map. These maps, shown side-by-side in Figure 3.10 and Figure 3.10 are almost identical—meaning that the city intends to maintain the current development pattern.Layton concentrates commercial and institutional development along the U.S. 1 Corridor and reserves the area behind these commercial/institutional spaces for single-family homes. It divides future land uses into four categories: Single-family,Multi-family,Recreation, and Conservation. morioe . �.oi.dr,w a u. u� IM.11L. u w i:Loi4 I.o:aII AuL„aLo i Strategy n�iwd�°. ..026 If3acpe 39 539 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE I�!!!Iguiirp 3.1 IIaytoini IIIIIIIIII' IIII�IIIIIII°w IIII Ind Use MaIp FIGURE,3-3 CITY OF LAYTCM,EL CaMD A EMSTM3 DEVELOPED LAND k,nE May,2007 &uni"BX I� t na^ �ertft i� a.tir�w'-�hwaA��r,� i 1 r LEGEND CAI C.i.j lm is µrn�mersnau. SUd6 G Wo Ga'1OO Feet I Vacant rriUy W trerrun.t �a Source:City of Layton Comprehensive Plan,2016 I�!!!Iguire 3 1" S LCunl IIII'0'LOIire IIII SIInInr Use 111 21111' FIGURE 3.4 C�TY OF�-AYTOK FLORIDA FUTURE.L.AINID USE Ip AP 2020 I I II 4k h 4 no'Ir�I7�,t>t +r7 14 ytiby A " 1 ,)K+RNP11 . � L6.11iittCrd[1 `. "il'MI IN ''k1 Il ilk. Fwsi ,,, Ut94Wl qfl y �p. pq�,w�,ryfff511 ko �Otl7&I+PV I�tt9fl _I v4dal�++Pd�t flNFPo�di�9 I tirv.rva�A�:e li�ll�:�ai! tl u nxe&. f� Pl�xu:nl. AimnemiW.'A'IF.21YM1N 'f Source:City of Layton Comprehensive Plan,2016 CMFi.du""iL„y„II'""IL. SIG" IMi.slL. u uw i:LialA I. a"KII VuLuV FLua i, LutLncs nAlwdF°y ..026 540 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE The City of Marathon passed its most recent comprehensive plan in 2005. The comprehensive plan seeks to direct future growth towards"lands which are inherently most suitable for development"and it promotes"conservation,preservation,and protection of environmentally lands."Through the future land use map,the city primarily encourages mixed use development along the U.S. 1 corridor and reserves areas for conservation and recreation. It also favors medium and high-density residential development, rather than just low residential.Future land use categories include: — Airport — Conservation — Industrial — Mixed Use Commercial — Public — Recreation — Residential High — Residential Medium — Residential Low The City's future land use map is available via an online GIS application on the City website. ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF IS/ANDS Islamorada Village passed its comprehensive plan in January 2001 and made updates to the plan up until September 2017. As of March 2025,Islamorada is in the process of creating a new comprehensive plan. Its land regulations intend to reinforce the village's community appearance, enhance the appearance and function of US 1 Corridor,protect residential areas from incompatible development,encourage separation of urban and rural land uses, and ensure orderly transition. Future land use categories include: — Conservation — Recreation/Open Space — Public/Semi-Public — Residential High — Residential Medium — Residential Low — Residential Conservation — Airport — Mixed Use — Industry — Mariculture C01.d1inw „a u. u� IM.11L. u w i:LowaI I.o:aII WL„aLa i Strategy n�wd�°. ..026 arage zu 11 541 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE I Igeuu^e""g.1'I IllelllWiii,iIiinoIIII^a 'aw VflIWge at IlllelllWiiii e IIII'efauu^e Illl aiiiiid Use III alllP N 4 v „1 '00 �am�ama u�wlwn�m J �,1,' W, "a' army � al" ,illllar^ o 2 Islarnorada, o Village of Islands Official Future Land Use Map e :. ..,' wkure iwand Use,categories i..uu..n mm,�"" r.+. . W � .rt ,•:• ."' • ���A'N1P0."L'�flCXlp iU 6P-IYA'I@&EAa@a"4b1YkAN% > Mj.Ua j'&'M OdtY@4P,alk, 'p..:@, - A@oekA@aN9bW 4fi^wn .mw, n; Yt a:pdadRiVw'ry A'gyamn AIM@@w aIM iewdwm�ry ..,+w..,.,» ,. .+. •_" YU'ak NmIY1PoC V&mmi9Asum@Ic ) FCxbq!1aa@Am7mW CrtpiMA@Mdffia9GY1 i„ WfurlE.+uilEwetlb "7d40.":;..WP",117GW5:.7 w. "ems yryb Rmwd�a AI MIRY hl YyWS. mWr ka W.. �@... arm'mxi yµ arryh4kymn'p Wdiwmaa .r...,u......... ......n•r.�n 'm:w � arvw,m'mxmnxxioomwimvw nrr. M'wrm a«w wn@ ww 0.tm ym xramm. {MfN uxl,M »?Ar unu.N✓aMl �Jrrono FlWUI9dYl n9 Source:Islamorada,Village of Islands Growth trends in Monroe County are regulated through the number of residential permits issued. The Monroe County Rate of Growth Ordinance(ROGO)controls the number of dwelling units—both permanent and seasonal—that can be permitted in Monroe County and incorporated municipalities. The ROGO was initially adopted in 1992 as a response to the inability of the road network to accommodate a large-scale hurricane evacuation in a timely fashion.During the initial evacuation study,a series of complex models was developed to determine the number of additional dwelling units that could be permitted without exceeding a 24 hour evacuation from the Keys.As a result,a tool was developed to equitably distribute—geographically and over time—the remaining number of permits available. Based on the supply of vacant buildable lots,the ROGO distributes a pre-determined number of allocations for new residential permits by ROGO Year—generally from July 13'of one year through July 12'li of the next year.To further address concerns of carrying capacity,the County implemented the tier system. This system designates all land outside of mainland Monroe into three general categories for purposes of its land acquisition program and smart growth. Both systems recognize the finite limits of the carrying capacity of both the natural and man-made systems in the Keys. Their goal is to ensure public safety through the ability to maintain a hurricane evacuation clearance time. Both the ROGO and Tier orioe . �,oLdr,t „a u.. pub Auld l du w i:Loi4 I.o:aII WL„aLa I, LuaLngy n�iwd�°. ..02 542 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE System exclude the Ocean Reef Club planned development in Key Largo based on the Ocean Reef Club Vested Development rights letter. The three tiers are as follows: - Tier I:Natural Areas - Tier II: Transitional and Sprawl Reduction Area(on Big Pine Key and No Name Key, only) - Tier III: Infill Area; includes a special protection area as a subset(Tier III-A) Under the Rate of Growth Ordinance,the number of permits to be allocated between July 13'2013 through July 13t'2023 was to not exceed 1,970. These allocations were to be divided yearly and across market rate units, affordable housing units,mobile homes,and institutional residential units. The County required at least 20 percent of yearly allocations to be affordable units.Annual permits were also divided between three subareas: Upper Keys,Lower Keys,and Big Pine Key/No Name Key. On February 10, 2020,the county adopted Ordinance No. 006-2020 amending section 138-24 of the Monroe County Land Development Code. Through this adoption,the County extended the ROGO time period through 2026. In so doing,the number of permits available annually was reduced. Table 3.12 below illustrated the permits to be made available under this new ordinance amendment. I alllh�lllle3,12 III1!1w 1'*AniiiuWl I!)eiriiiinft lllllaeaticiiis Annual Allocations ROGO Year Market Rate Affordable Housing J u ly 13,2013-J u ly 12,2014 126-U:61,L:57,B PK/N N K:8 71 J u ly 13,2014-J u ly 12,2015 126-U:61,L:57,B PK/N N K:8 71 J u ly 13,2015-J u ly 12,2016 126-U:61,L:57, BPK/N N K:8 71 J u ly 13,2016-J u ly 12,2017 126-U:61,L:57,B PK/N N K:8 J u ly 13,2017-J u ly 12,2018 126-U:61,L:57,B PK/N N K:8 J u ly 13,2018-J u ly 12,2019 126-U:61,L:57,B PK/N N K:8 J u ly 13,2019-Ju ly 12,2020 126-U:61,L:57,B PK/N N K:8 July 13,2020-July12,2021 64-U:31,L:29, BPK/NNK:4 497 total Affordable Housing July13,2021-July12,2022 64-U:31,L:29, BPK/NNK:4 Units(Available Immediately) July 13,2022-Ju1y12,2023 64-U:31,L:29, BPK/NNK:4 July 13,2023-July12,2024 64-U:31,L:29, BPK/NNK:4 J u ly 13,2024-J u ly 12,2025 64-U:31,L:29, BPK/NNK:4 J u ly 13,2025-J u ly 12,2026 64-U:31,L:29, BPK/NNK:4 Total 1,260 710 Source:Monroe County Ordinance 006-2020 U=Upper Keys;L=Lower Keys;BPK/NNK=Big Pine Key/No Name Key As residential and non-residential development influence one another, considering non-residential permitting is also important when maintaining the islands' carrying capacity.The predominant form of non-residential development in the Keys is commercial,mainly retail trade and services;this includes tourism related development such as marinas and restaurants.Non-residential development is also controlled to maintain a balance of land uses between residential and commercial. The Non-residential Rate of Growth Ordinance(NROGO)limits the square footage of new commercial development to 239 square feet per each new residential permit issued. In unincorporated Monroe County,this means a maximum of 47,083 square feet of floor area per NROGO year. This is also to be distributed across the same three subareas as the ROGO permits. orioe . �.oi.dr,w a u. u� IM.11L. u w i:LowaI I.o:aII WL„aLa i Strategy n�wd�°. ..026 543 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE IIII III Illf IIII III IIII III I IIIN IIIC° III IIIN IIIC°XI IIII' Monroe County is characterized by a unique economy due to its location and geography. The Keys attract both seasonal residents and short-term visitors with an amenable climate and many recreational opportunities. The economy is dominated by tourism;the service sector,primarily hospitality,is the largest segment of the private sector followed by retail trade.As such an important piece of the economy, the tourism industry supplements the tax base in Monroe County. A major hurricane or other disaster event that keeps visitors away will lead to reduced revenue associated with the Bed Tax, Sales Tax, and Infrastructure Tax. '.77 WAGE I="MPI..,OYMEN7... Per the 2023 ACS 5-Year Estimates,the median household income for Monroe County was $82,430, which exceeds the state's median household income($71,711). Household income is higher in each Monroe County jurisdiction than in the state. Income is highest in Key Colony Beach and Islamorada and lowest in Layton. Compared to the state,a smaller portion of the population is living below the poverty line in the County and all jurisdictions,but more of the population lacks health insurance across the County and in all incorporated jurisdictions except Islamorada. Overall,Monroe County and its jurisdictions experience higher household incomes and lower unemployment and poverty rates than the state of Florida. Table 3.13 shows economic statistics for each jurisdiction compared to the state average and Table 3.14 shows employment statistics for the county compared to the state average. alllh llllo3"1""'3 III ouuiuu^oo1„ouiiityIIIIIIIIII'cool°wouu°ul�liucStatistics,2023 Median %of Individuals %Without Jurisdiction Household Unemployment Rate Below Poverty Health (%) Income Level Insurance City of Key Colony Beach $94,531 0.0% 5.1% 7.6% City of Key West $78,532 2.0% 11.1% 17.7% City of Layton $71,875 0.0% 6.7% 14.1% City of Marathon $80,556 5.4% 11.4% 19.2% Islamorada Village of Islands $95,212 0.0% 6.0% 12.0% Monroe County $82,430 3.2% 10.4% 14.9% Florida $77,711 4.8% 72.6% 11.9% Source: U.S.Census Bureau,2019-2023 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates alllh llllo 314 II ouuiuumoo t„ouul°wnty Illh y Illliiiduaatiry,20'� 11; Industry Monroe County Florida Agriculture,forestry,fishing and hunting,and mining 1.6% 0.8% Construction 9.1% 8.2% Manufacturing 2.7% 5.2% Wholesale trade 1.6% 2.4% Retail trade 9.5% 12.1% Transportation and warehousing,and utilities 7.4% 6.3% Information 0.9% 1.6% Finance and insurance,and real estate and rental and leasing 7.0% 8.0% 011.,1110e . �.01.du,wy„a u. u� I � y ..02" i.sllLii..ni du u..wiiM,:Liia�iwaI I.,.M�M,:I�II II�fiuLu„;I�Lua�u i Lu°.n,�Ln.r,,. n�iwi.dl�u°. 544 SECTION& PLANNING AREA PROFILE Industry Monroe County Florida Professional,scientific,and management,and administrative and waste management services 11.9% 14.0% Educational services,and health care and social assistance 14.5% 21.0% Arts,entertainment,and recreation,and accommodation and food services 21.7% 11.1% Other services,except public administration 5.9% 5.1% Public administration 6.2% 4.3�Yo Source: U.S.Census Bureau,2019-2023 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates The largest industry sector in the County in 2023 was"arts, entertainment, and recreation,and accommodation and food services,"comprising 21.7 percent of employment across the county. This is followed closely by"educational services,and health care and social assistance,"comprising 14.5 percent of total employment. Compared to the state,the arts,entertainment,accommodations,and food services industry makes up a much larger percentage of employment in Monroe County. Table 3.15 summarizes the major employers in Monroe County according to data from the Key West Chamber of Commerce as of October 2021. Five of the ten largest employers in Monroe County are public entities. 2111h�llllo3,15 I 2 oir I c:cuiilty Employer Sector Employees US Armed Services(Incl.Civilians Supports&Contractors) Public 2,190 Monroe County Schools Public 1,701 Ocean Reef Club Private 850 Publix Stores(Key West, Marathon,Key Largo) Private 730 Ocean Properties Private 550 Monroe County Government Public 540 Monroe County SherrifPs Office Public 518 Lower Keys Medical Center, Key West Private 500 City of Key West Public 470 Spottswood Properties Private 360 Casa Marina/Reach Resort Private 356 Hawk's Cay Resort Private 350 Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority Public 283 Fogarty's/Red Fish Blue Fish/Caroline's/Jack Flats/Waterfront Brewery Private 280 Cheeca Lodge Private 268 Historic Tours of America Private 216 Southernmost Beach Resorts Private 201 Source:Key West Chamber of Commerce,October 2021 011°,1110e . �0i.du,yL,wp„II'""IL. SIG" IM.11L. u w i:LowaI I.o:aII AuL„aLa i Strategy n�wd�°y ..026 arage zu,';;m 545 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT �mu � ills uuuuulllllU� uuuumu uuuumu uuuumuuum uuuum uuuum uuuumum uuuum uuuum IlvUuuumlVl i uuuuuulll� ASS SS N4 �N i uuuum Requirement§201.6(c)(2):[The plan shall include]A risk assessment that provides the factual basis for activities proposed in the strategy to reduce losses from identified hazards. Local risk assessments must provide sufficient information to enable the jurisdiction to identify and prioritize appropriate mitigation actions to reduce losses from identified hazards. Requirement §201.6(c)(2)(i): [The risk assessment shall include a] description of the type...of all natural hazards that can affect the jurisdiction. Requirement§201.6(c)(2)(i): [The risk assessment shall include a] description of the...location and extent of all natural hazards that can affect the jurisdiction. The plan shall include information on previous occurrences of hazard events and on the probability of future hazard events. 44 CFR Subsection D §201.6(c)(2)(ii): [The risk assessment shall include a] description of the jurisdiction's vulnerability to the hazards described in paragraph(c)(2)(i)of this section. This description shall include an overall summary of each hazard and its impact on the community. Plans approved after October 1,2008 must also address NFIP insured structures that have been repetitively damaged by floods. The plan should describe vulnerability in terms of: A) The types and numbers of existing and future buildings, infrastructure, and critical facilities located in the identified hazard areas; (B): An estimate of the potential dollar losses to vulnerable structures identified in paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(A) of this section and a description of the methodology used to prepare the estimate;and (C):Providing a general description of land uses and development trends within the community so that mitigation options can be considered in future land use decisions. 4 III 0V I 1 III This section describes the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment process for the development of the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy. It describes how the County met the following requirements from the 10-step planning process: — Planning Step 4: Assess the Hazard — Planning Step 5: Assess the Problem As defined by FEMA,risk is a combination of hazard,vulnerability,and exposure. "It is the impact that a hazard would have on people, services, facilities,and structures in a community and refers to the likelihood of a hazard event resulting in an adverse condition that causes injury or damage." This hazard risk assessment covers all of Monroe County,including the unincorporated county and all incorporated jurisdictions participating in this plan. The risk assessment process identifies and profiles relevant hazards and assesses the exposure of lives, property, and infrastructure to these hazards. The process allows for a better understanding of the potential risk to natural and technological hazards in the county and provides a framework for developing and prioritizing mitigation actions to reduce risk from future hazard events. This risk assessment followed the methodology described in the FEMA publication Understanding Your Risks—Identifying Hazards and Estimating Losses(FEMA 386-2,2002),which breaks the assessment down to a four-step process: M011,1I110S . �.oLdll,w,w,«,a u. u� Strategy, y ..G:2 G Iw�fll.sllLil..nl.du u..wilM�Lila�lwl�I I M�M�I�II IIuLu„;I�Lua�u l Lu°.n,�Lnr,,. n�Iwl.d,�u°. 546 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT ]EM, IIIII ""�IIIIIIpumm mmm „,��U V!� �II 1 uiU III V��� IIIIwii wiiii ;, � ., �: � mllllllliiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiIIIIIIIIIIIIIll� i Data collected through this process has been incorporated into the following sections of this plan: — Section 4.2: Hazard Identification identifies the natural and human-caused hazards that threaten the planning area. — Section 4.3: Risk Assessment Methodology and Assumptions — Section 4.4: Asset Inventory details the population,buildings, and critical facilities at risk within the planning area. — Section 4.5: Hazard Profiles,Analysis, and Vulnerability discusses the threat to the planning area, describes previous occurrences of hazard events and the likelihood of future occurrences, and assesses the planning area's exposure to each hazard profiled; considering assets at risk, critical facilities,and future development trends. — Section 4.6: Conclusions on Hazard Risk summarizes the results of the Priority Risk Index and defines each hazard as a Low,Moderate,or High-Risk hazard. l.2, IIII IIII°°°°III l III 0IIII To identify hazards relevant to the planning area,the LMS Working Group(LMSWG)began with a review of the list of hazards identified in the 2023 State Hazard Mitigation Plan and the 2021 Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy(LMS)as summarized in Table 4.1. The LMSWG used these lists to identify a full range of hazards for potential inclusion in this plan update and to ensure consistency across these planning efforts.All hazards listed below were evaluated for inclusion in this plan update. a 11,1 II ullIl IIf41111"Ige of 1114°°III4'zairdz IIIIIIIIII'44111144'f w Hazard Included in 2023 Included in 20ZI State HMP? Monroe County LMS? Flood Yes Yes Tropical Cyclones Yes Yes Wildfire Yes Yes Severe Storms and Tornadoes Yes Yes Sea Level Rise Yes(Flood) Yes Drought Yes Yes Coastal Erosion Yes Yes Extreme Heat Yes Yes Radiological Incident Yes Yes Cyber Attack Yes Yes Winter Weather Yes No Sinkhole Yes No Earthquake Yes No Tsunami Yes No Hazardous Materials Incident Yes No Transportation Incident Yes No M011°III°0S coLdu"'It, ,a u. u� Iwmfil.sllLil..nl.du u..wilcLilolwaI I ocaII IlzuLu„;aLuou l Strategy jani,wily 547 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Hazard Included in 2023 Included in 20ZI State HMP? Monroe County LMS? Agricultural Disruption Yes No Human Health Incident Yes No Harmful Algal Bloom Yes No Domestic Security Incident Yes No Mass Migration Yes No Civil Disturbance Yes No Dam Failure Yes No Space Weather Yes No The LMSWG evaluated the above list of hazards using existing hazard data,past disaster declarations, local knowledge,and information from the 2023 State Plan and the 2021 Monroe County Plan to determine the significance of these hazards to the planning area. Significance was measured in general terms and focused on key criteria such as frequency and resulting damage,which includes deaths and injuries,as well as property and economic damage. One key resource in this effort was the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)'s National Center for Environmental Information(NCEI),which has been tracking various types of severe weather since 1950. Their Storm Events Database contains an archive by county of destructive storm or weather data and information which includes local,intense and damaging events. NCEI receives storm data from the National Weather Service(NWS),which compiles their information from a variety of sources,including but not limited to: county, state and federal emergency management officials; local law enforcement officials; SkyWarn spotters;NWS damage surveys;newspaper clipping services;the insurance industry and the general public,among others. The NCEI database contains 413 records of severe weather events that occurred in Monroe County in the 25-year period from 2000 through 2024. Table 4.2 summarizes these events. allll' Mlle 162 1'IIIIIIIIII' Sevelire WvaVieir IIIIRellll'euu s'fouu^III euu 1uum0e(aauu rty,2000 2024 Type #of Events Property Damage Crop Damage Deaths Injuries Coastal Flood 14 $100,000 $0 0 0 Dense Fog 0 $0 $0 0 0 Drought 12 $0 $0 0 0 Excessive Heat 0 $0 $0 0 0 Extreme Cold/Wind Chill 0 $0 $0 0 0 Flash Flood 0 $0 $0 0 0 Flood 24 $56,000 $0 0 0 Frost/Freeze 0 $0 $0 0 0 Funnel Cloud 9 $0 $0 0 0 Hail 7 $250 $0 0 0 Heavy Rain 12 $0 $0 0 0 High Wind 3 $2,000 $0 1 0 Hurricane(Typhoon) 31 $113,235,000 $0 3 46 Lightning 12 $73,000 $0 0 4 Rip Current 0 $0 $0 0 0 Storm Surge/ride 34 $2,401,000 $0 1 1 Thunderstorm Wind 51 $146,650 $0 0 0 Tornado 32 $5,336,700 $0 0 0 coi.du„iwy a u., a„� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I wage Zu 113 548 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Type #of Events Property Damage Crop Damage Deaths Injuries Tropical Storm 48 $37,208,200 $0 2 3 Waterspout 123 $0 $0 0 0 Wildfire 1 $0 $0 0 0 Total: 413 $15815581800 $O 1 7 54 Source: National Center for Environmental Information Storm Events Database,March 2025 Note: Losses reflect totals for all impacted areas for each event The LMSWG also researched past events that resulted in a federal and/or state emergency or disaster declaration for Monroe County in order to identify significant hazards. Federal and/or state disaster declarations may be granted when the Governor certifies that the combined local,county and state resources are insufficient, and that the situation is beyond their recovery capabilities.When the local government's capacity has been surpassed,a state disaster declaration may be issued, allowing for the provision of state assistance. If the disaster is so severe that both the local and state government capacities are exceeded,a federal emergency or disaster declaration may be issued allowing for the provision of federal assistance. — Emergency declarations: When federal assistance is needed,the President of the United States can declare an emergency for any occasion or disaster.Emergency declarations aide State and local efforts in providing emergency services that help protect human lives. — Major disaster declarations: When a local government's capacity has been surpassed, a state disaster declaration may be issued,allowing for the provision of state assistance. Federal and/or state disaster declarations may be granted when the Governor certifies that the combined local,county,and state resources are insufficient,and the situation is beyond their recovery capabilities. Records of designated counties for FEMA major disaster declarations start in 1964. Since then,Florida has been designated in 88 major disaster declarations,and Monroe County,has been designated in 27 major disaster declarations,as detailed in Table 4.3,and 18 emergency declarations, as detailed in Table 4.4. allll' Illlo r'P II Mplolir IIII")Ilsas't'elir IIII°)eclllalllra'tlilloliiis,III ollllilllroe(oalii7ty Disaster# Dec.Date Incident Type Event Title 4834 10/11/2024 Hurricane Hurricane Milton 4828 9/28/2024 Hurricane Hurricane Helene 4806 8/10/2024 Tropical Storm Hurricane Debby 4673 9/29/2022 Hurricane Hurricane Ian 4486 3/25/2020 Biological COVID-19 Pandemic 4337 9/10/2017 Hurricane Hurricane Irma 4084 10/18/2012 Hurricane Hurricane Isaac 1785 8/24/2008 Tropical Storm Tropical Storm Fay 1609 10/24/2005 Hurricane Hurricane Wilma 1602 8/28/2005 Hurricane Hurricane Katrina 1595 7/10/2005 Hurricane Hurricane Dennis 1551 9/16/2004 Hurricane Hurricane Ivan 1545 9/4/2004 Hurricane Hurricane Frances 1539 8/13/2004 Severe Storm(s) Hurricane Charley and Tropical Storm Bonnie 1359 2/5/2001 Freeze Severe freeze 1345 10/4/2000 Severe Storm(s) Heavy rains and flooding 1306 10/20/1999 Hurricane Hurricane Irene couu,wy a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioi4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jaiwi,wiy I13acpe Z119 549 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Disaster# Dec.Date Incident Type Event Title 1259 11/6/1998 Severe Storm(s) Tropical Storm Mitch 1249 9/28/1998 Hurricane Hurricane Georges 1223 6/18/1998 Fire Extreme Fire Hazard 1204 2/12/1998 Severe Storm(s) Severe Storms, high Winds,Tornadoes,and Flooding 982 3/13/1993 Severe Storm(s) Tornadoes,flooding,high winds,tides,freezing 955 8/24/1992 Hurricane Hurricane Andrew 851 1/15/1990 Freeze Severe freeze 526 1/31/1977 Severe Storm(s) Severe winter weather 337 6/23/1972 Coastal Storm Tropical Storm Agnes 209 9/14/1965 Hurricane Hurricane Betsy Source: FEMA Disaster Declarations Summary,March 2025 sllll'willW 16A II Isellll^p'I'Ills sy IIII")ecll*ratliuouuiis,III ellllilii,ce 1"eelllli't'y Disaster# Dec.Date Incident Type Event Title/Description 3622 10/7/2024 Hurricane Hurricane Milton 3615 9/24/2024 Tropical Storm Tropical Storm Helene 3605 8/3/2024 Tropical Storm Tropical Storm Debby 3584 9/24/2022 Hurricane Tropical Storm Ian 3561 7/4/2021 Severe Storm Tropical Storm Elsa 3533 08/01/2020 Hurricane Tropical Storm Isaias 3432 3/13/2020 Biological COVID-19 Pandemic 3419 8/31/2019 Hurricane Hurricane Dorian 3385 9/5/2017 Hurricane Hurricane Irma 3377 10/6/2016 Hurricane Hurricane Matthew 3293 9/7/2008 Hurricane Hurricane Ike 3288 8/21/2008 Tropical Storm Tropical Storm Fay 3259 9/20/2005 Tropical Storm Tropical Storm Rita 3220 9/5/2005 Hurricane Hurricane Katrina Evacuation 3150 10/15/1999 Hurricane Hurricane Irene 3139 4/27/1999 Fire Fire Hazard 3131 09/24/1998 Hurricane Hurricane Georges 3079 5/6/1980 Human Caused Undocumented Aliens Source:FEMA Disaster Declarations Summary,March 2025 Monroe County also declared Local States of Emergency for Tropical Storm Laura(August 22,2020)and Tropical Storm Eta(November 6,2020). Using the above information and additional discussion,the LMSWG evaluated each hazard's significance to the planning area in order to decide which hazards to include in this plan update. Some hazard titles have been updated either to better encompass the full scope of a hazard or to assess closely related hazards together. Table 4.5 summaries the determination made for each hazard. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily "age 50 550 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT z11b11110 16A I°°1114'zair III II'iii"Vd1ua'tllllollllii IIII'1'cz 111' s Included in Hazard this LMS Explanation for Decision update? Natural Hazards The 2021 Monroe County plan and 2023 State plan addressed this Flood Yes hazard.As a coastal county,over 99 percent of the county is within the 100-year-flood plain,and the county is also vulnerable to localized and stormwater flooding. Both the 2021 Monroe County plan and the 2023 State plan Tropical Cyclones Yes addressed Tropical Cyclones.Since 1965,the county has received 16 Major Disaster declarations from FEMA for Hurricanes/Tropical storms. The 2021 Monroe County plan profiled these hazards separately. Severe Storms and Yes From 2000 to 2024,the County experienced 225 thunderstorm and Tornadoes tornado events(including waterspouts)causing over$5.5m in damages. The 2021 Monroe County plan as well as the 2023 State plan Wildfire Yes addressed this hazard.Although NCEI reports only wildfire in Monroe County,the State plan reports parts of mainland Monroe have moderate to high burn probability. The 2021 Monroe County LMS and the 2023 State Plan addressed Coastal Erosion Yes this hazard.The 2024 State Critically Eroded Beaches Report identified 13 critically eroded beaches in the middle and lower keys totaIly15.02 miles. Drought as included in both the 2021 Monroe County LMS and the Drought Yes 2023 State Plan. NCEI reports 12 instances of drought in the county; the LMSWG decided to continue to evaluate drought in this plan update. Sea Level Rise was addressed in the 2021 Monroe County LMS as Sea Level Rise Yes well as the 2023 State plan.NOAA's Sea Level Rise Viewer shows the County will experience impacts from even just one foot of sea level rise. The 2021 Monroe County LMS and the 2023 State Plan addressed Extreme Heat Yes this hazard.Although NCEI reports zero instances of extreme heat in the county,the LMSWG decided to include it in this plan update. This hazard was not included in the 2021 Monroe County LMS. Sinkhole No According the 2023 State HMP,Monroe County has a low susceptibility to sinkholes,therefore the LMSWG chose to not include sinkholes in this plan update. Winter storms and freezes were not included in the 2021 LMS. Although there have been some instances of low wind chill in the Winter Weather No Keys,the LMSWG noted that the Keys are generally not at risk to winter weather. couu,wy a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IlzuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy "age 511 551 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Included in Hazard this LMS Explanation for Decision update? Earthquake was not included as a hazard in the 2021 Monroe County LMS. Earthquakes are very rare in the State,the peak ground acceleration (PGA)with a 10%probability of exceedance in Earthquake No 50 years is 0%gravity-the lowest potential for seismic ground shaking.As FEMA recommends earthquakes only be evaluated in areas with PGA of 3%or more,this hazard was excluded from the plan update. While there is some tsunami risk for low-elevation (less than 15 feet Tsunami No above mean high tide),they are extremely rare in the Florida Keys. The state HMP concludes the probability of future tsunamis is low. Technological Hazards The 2021 Monroe County LMS and the 2023 State Plan addressed Radiological this hazard. Due to the County's proximity to the Turkey Point Incident Yes Nuclear Generating Station,the LMSWG decided to include it in this update. The 2021 Monroe County LMS and the 2023 State Plan addressed Cyber Attacks Yes this hazard.The LMSWG determined that because of recent events, it should be included in this update. Hazardous This hazard was not included in the previous Monroe County LMS Materials Incident No and not suggested by the LMSWG for inclusion in this update. This hazard was not included in the previous Monroe County LMS. Transportation The LMSWG discussed this hazard and the consequences of Incident No transportation incidents on the Keys. However,this hazard was ultimately not included in this update. Agricultural No This hazard was not included in the previous Monroe County LMS Disruption and not suggested by the LMSWG for inclusion in this update. This hazard was not included in the previous Monroe County LMS Human Health and not suggested by the LMSWG for inclusion in this update. Incident No Health hazards are addressed by public health departments and emergency operations planning. Harmful Algal This hazard was not included in the previous Monroe County LMS Bloom No and not suggested by the LMSWG for inclusion in this update. Domestic Security This hazard was not included in the previous Monroe County LMS Incident No and not suggested by the LMSWG for inclusion in this update. These threats are addressed by emergency operations planning. Mass Migration No This hazard was not included in the previous Monroe County LMS and not suggested by the LMSWG for inclusion in this update. This hazard was not included in the previous Monroe County LMS Civil Disturbance No and not suggested by the LMSWG for inclusion in this update. These threats are addressed by emergency operations planning. Dam Failure No The 2023 State Plan reported there were no high or significant hazard dams in Monroe County. Space Weather No This hazard was not included in the previous Monroe County LMS and not suggested by the LMSWG for inclusion in this update. couu,wy a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily wage 52 552 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT 4 m Illf IIIIS II S IIII''''''''''' III IIII III III IIII 1114 IIIC° IIII III IIIC ASSI III IIII """'"""'III IIII� The Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 requires that the LMSWG evaluate the risks associated with each of the hazards identified in the planning process.Each hazard was evaluated to determine its probability of future occurrence and potential impact. A vulnerability assessment was conducted for each hazard using either quantitative or qualitative methods depending on the available data,to determine its potential to cause significant human and/or monetary losses.A consequence analysis was also completed for each hazard. Each hazard is profiled in the following format: h°°III G G II'::', II'::', III......... IG G II IG 1""'II 0 II'" This section provides a description of the hazard, including discussion of its speed of onset and duration, as well as any secondary effects followed by details specific to the Monroe County planning area. L...00A I II 0 II''^ This section includes information on the hazard's physical extent,with mapped boundaries where applicable. X.. "'III......... ..1 This section includes information on the hazard extent in terms of magnitude and describes how the severity of the hazard can be measured.Where available,the most severe event on record is used as a frame of reference. h°°III II ..1 S IG G"III This section contains information on historical events,including the location and consequences of known past events on record within or near the Monroe County planning area. G IG? III'i i II IL...IL.I IC........ IC ..." IG G III......... IG G IG G III......... III......... This section gauges the likelihood of future occurrences based on past events and existing data. The frequency is determined by dividing the number of events observed by the number of years on record and multiplying by 100. This provides the percent chance of the event happening in any given year according to historical occurrence(e.g. 10 winter storm events over a 30-year period equates to a 33 percent chance of experiencing a severe winter storm in any given year). IL.......II II" II°°°°°III A`4 G Where applicable,this section discusses how climate change may or may not influence the risk posed by the hazard on the planning area in the future. IL...II''^ III.........G G i II IL...II"'I Y Y ASS SS M ` ..1.. This section quantifies,to the extent feasible using best available data,assets at risk to natural hazards and potential loss estimates.People,properties and critical facilities, and environmental assets that are vulnerable to the hazard are identified. Future development is also discussed in this section,including how exposure to the hazard may change in the future or how development may affect hazard risk. The vulnerability assessments followed the methodology described in the FEMA publication Understanding Your Risks—Identifying Hazards and Estimating Losses(August 2001). The vulnerability assessment first describes the total vulnerability and values at risk and then discusses vulnerability by hazard. Data used to support this assessment included the following: IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily 553 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT — GIS datasets,including building footprints,topography, aerial photography,and transportation layers; — Hazard layer GIS datasets from state and federal agencies; — Written descriptions of inventory and risks provided by the 2023 Florida Enhanced State Hazard Mitigation Plan; — Written descriptions of inventory and risks provided by the 2020 Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy and other relevant documents including the 2019 Critically Eroded Beaches Report and the Regional Climate Action Plan; — Exposure and vulnerability estimates derived using local parcel and building data; and — Crop insurance claims by cause from USDA's Risk Management Agency. Two distinct risk assessment methodologies were used in the formation of the vulnerability assessment. The first consists of a quantitative analysis that relies upon best available data and technology,while the second approach consists of a qualitative analysis that relies on local knowledge and rational decision making. The quantitative analysis involved the use of FEMA's Hazus-MH,a nationally applicable standardized set of models for estimating potential losses from earthquakes, floods,and hurricanes. Hazus uses a statistical approach and mathematical modeling of risk to predict a hazard's frequency of occurrence and estimated impacts based on recorded or historic damage information. The Hazus risk assessment methodology is parametric,in that distinct hazard and inventory parameters—such as wind speed and building type—were modeled using the Hazus software to determine the impact on the built environment.Monroe County's GIS-based risk assessment was completed using data collected from local,regional and national sources that included Monroe County,Florida DEM,and FEMA. Vulnerability can be quantified in those instances where there is a known,identified hazard area, such as a mapped floodplain. In these instances,the numbers and types of buildings subject to the identified hazard can be counted and their values tabulated. Other information can be collected regarding the hazard area, such as the location of critical facilities,historic structures, and valued natural resources (e.g.,an identified wetland or endangered species habitat). Together,this information conveys the vulnerability of that area to that hazard. ASSOCA Ih°°III Related hazards or hazards with cascading impacts are noted in this section. Ih°°III I' III II` II'::', III......... L... IGII" ..1.. Changes in development that may affect exposure,vulnerability, or the hazard occurrence are described. III'iIL...III "14 III ..III........." 14 F.... Specific problems that can be addressed through mitigation are summarized in this section. G IG G"II IG G II..1 The conclusions drawn from the hazard profiling and vulnerability assessment process can be used to prioritize all potential hazards to the Monroe County planning area. The Priority Risk Index(PRI)was applied for this purpose because it provides a standardized numerical value so that hazards can be compared against one another(the higher the PRI value,the greater the hazard risk). PRI values are obtained by assigning varying degrees of risk to five categories for each hazard(probability,impact, spatial extent,warning time,and duration). Each degree of risk was assigned a value(1 to 4) and a weighting factor as summarized in Table 4.6. PRI ratings by category for the planning area as a whole are provided throughout each hazard profile. Ratings specific to each jurisdiction are provided at the end of each hazard profile. The results of the risk assessment and overall PRI scoring are provided in Section 4.6 Conclusions on Hazard Risk. IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy :rage,,541 554 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT blW 16.6 III)uu^lil ii lilty IR!Mk lluuii ; RISK ASSESSMENT CATEGORY LEVEL DEGREE OF RISK CRITERIA INDEX WEIGHT PROBABILITY UNLIKELY LESS THAN 1%ANNUAL PROBABILITY 1 What is the likelihood of a POSSIBLE BETWEEN 1&10%ANNUAL PROBABILITY 2 30% hazard event LIKELY BETWEEN 10&100%ANNUAL PROBABILITY 3 occurring in a given HIGHLY LIKELY 100%ANNUAL PROBABILTY 4 ear' VERY FEW INJURIES,IF ANY.ONLY MINOR MINOR PROPERTY DAMAGE&MINIMAL DISRUPTION ON 1 QUALITY OF LIFE.TEMPORARY SHUTDOWN OF IMPACT CRITICAL FACILITIES. In terms of injuries, MINOR INJURIES ONLY.MORE THAN 10%OF damage,or death, LIMITED PROPERTY IN AFFECTED AREA DAMAGED OR 2 would you DESTROYED.COMPLETE SHUTDOWN OF CRITICAL anticipate impacts FACILITIES FOR>1 DAY to be minor,limited, MULTIPLE DEATHS/INJURIES POSSIBLE. 30% critical,or MORE THAN 25%OF PROPERTY IN AFFECTED catastrophic when a CRITICAL AREA DAMAGED OR DESTROYED.COMPLETE 3 significant hazard SHUTDOWN OF CRITICAL FACILITIES FOR>1 event occurs? WEEK. HIGH NUMBER OF DEATHS/INJURIES POSSIBLE. CATASTROPHIC MORE THAN 50%OF PROPERTY IN AFFECTED 4 AREA DAMAGED OR DESTROYED.COMPLETE SHUTDOWN OF CRITICAL FACILITIES>30 DAYS. SPATIAL EXTENT NEGLIGIBLE LESS THAN 1%OF AREA AFFECTED 1 How large of an area could be impacted SMALL BETWEEN 1&10%OF AREA AFFECTED 2 by a hazard event? 20% Are impacts MODERATE BETWEEN 10&50%OF AREA AFFECTED 3 localized or regional? LARGE BETWEEN 50&100%OF AREA AFFECTED 4 MORE THAN 24 SELF DEFINED 1 WARNINGTIME HRS Isthereusually 12TO24HRS SELF DEFINED 2 some lead time associated with the 10% hazard event? Have 6 TO12 HRS SELF DEFINED 3 warning measures LESS THAN 6 been implemented? HRS SELF DEFINED 4 LESS THAN 6 SELF DEFINED 1 41QS DURATION LESS THAN24 SELF DEFINED 2 How long does the HRS 10% hazard event LESS THAN 1 SELF DEFINED 3 usually last? WEEK MORE THAN 1 SELF DEFINED 4 WEEK The sum of all five risk assessment categories equals the final PRI value,demonstrated in the equation below(the highest possible PRI value is 4.0). Il!III ���ii I...Ii' i,�i ���d�� � ����i w, �i ���d�� � .�.�(SPA IRR.."�i u" �i �u��� V IIII � IIII ,P �M'"�� �� IIII IIII�I� �IV�. „„�m���, .�. � " ��'�� ",�IV�. „„�m���� � ,,IIII IIII, IIII ��Mn'1��.1i"11 �IIII �IV�: ����, .�.(WARNING IIIPIIII ' :10, .�. LP IIIP 10Nl it "10)] couu,w, u'u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I MxaII IIuLu„;aLua)u i Str3tegy Jani,daiy 555 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT The purpose of the PRI is to categorize and prioritize all potential hazards for the Monroe County planning area as high,moderate,or low risk. The summary hazard classifications generated using the PRI allows for the prioritization of those high and moderate hazard risks for mitigation planning purposes. Mitigation actions are not necessarily developed for hazards identified as low risk through this process. 4.4 III III An inventory of assets within Monroe County was compiled to identify those structures potentially at risk to the identified hazards and assess the level of vulnerability.Assets include elements such as buildings, property,business/industry goods, and civil infrastructure.Building footprint,foundation type,and building value data were provided by Monroe County.By identifying the type and number of assets that exist and where they are in relation to known hazard areas,the relative risk and vulnerability for such assets can be assessed. 4.43 The properties identified to be at risk include all improved properties in Monroe County and its incorporated jurisdictions according to parcel and building footprint data provided by Monroe County. The information is provided in Table 4.7. ulllhuwllW 1'Y........ Malllwuirour(ouuuwty IIIIII'Ilkuliullldliuuuwy IIIIIIIIII'xIIIP osullllmo IllL)y„tuuu^liosdictlioouuw uuuwd OccullYmii cy Occupancy Estimated Structure Value Estimated Content Total Value Parcel Count Value Islamorada 6336 $2,988,853,615 $1,747,555,234 $4,736,408,849 Commercial 671 $393,616,980 $393,616,980 $787,233,960 Education 7 $5,927,080 $5,927,080 $11,854,160 Government 51 $77,688,696 $77,688,696 $155,377,391 Industrial 30 $9,444,577 $14,166,865 $23,611,441 Religious 19 $10,134,944 $10,134,944 $20,269,888 Residential 5,358 $2,492,041,339 $1,246,020,669 $3,738,062,008 Key Colony Beach 743 $384,669,274 $200,480,877 $585350351 Commercial 10 $13,746,479 $13,746,479 $27,492,958 Government 8 $2,546,001 $2,546,001 $5,092,002 Residential 725 $368,376,794 $184,188,397 $552,565,191 Key West 7,233 $3,559,316,371 $2,084,710,853 $5,644,027,224 Commercial 2,629 $2,114,482,380 $1,962,942,785 $4,077,425,165 Education 16 $17,403,897 $17,403,897 $34,807,794 Government 905 $454,725,420 $454,725,420 $909,450,841 Industrial 87 $28,970,253 $43,455,379 $72,425,632 Religious 64 $37,537,885 $37,537,885 $75,075,770 Residential 9,033 $4,472,293,153 $2,236,146,577 $6,708,439,730 Layton 168 $45,574,751 $28,335,151 $73,909,902 Commercial 13 $9,091,528 $9,091,528 $18,183,056 Government 10 $1,589,642 $1,589,642 $3,179,284 Religious 2 $414,380 $414,380 $828,760 Residential 143 $34,479,201 $17,239,600 $51,718,801 Marathon 6,190 $2,421,193,487 $1,524,040,488 $3,945,233,975 couu,wy a u. u� I" i.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy "age 5 556 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Occupancy Estimated Structure Value Estimated Content Total Value Parcel Count Value Commercial 758 $434,714,236 $434,714,236 $869,428,472 Education 12 $2,961,497 $2,961,497 $5,922,994 Government 124 $129,680,070 $129,680,070 $259,360,140 Industrial 118 $24,615,386 $36,923,080 $61,538,466 Religious 25 $10,300,913 $10,300,913 $20,601,826 Residential 5,153 $1,818,921,384 $909,460,692 $2,728,382,075 Unincorporated 26,353 $12,029,183,132 $6,624,472,888 $18,653,656,020 Monroe County Agriculture 1 $267,735 $267,735 $535,470 Commercial 1,434 $809,369,304 $809,369,304 $1,618,738,608 Education 31 $22,737,542 $22,737,542 $45,475,084 Government 493 $158,704,315 $158,704,315 $317,408,630 Industrial 243 $100,510,211 $150,765,316 $251,275,526 Religious 43 $27,663,327 $27,663,327 $55,326,654 Residential 24,108 $10,909,930,699 $5,454,965,349 $16,364,896,048 Countywide Totals SZ324 $24,994,887,246 $14,877,096,580 $39,871,983,827 Agriculture 1 $267,735 $267,735 $535,470 Commercial 4,831 $3,471,941,718 $3,471,941,718 $6,943,883,436 Education 66 $49,030,016 $49,030,016 $98,060,032 Government 1,591 $824,934,144 $824,934,144 $1,649,868,288 Industrial 478 $163,540,426 $245,310,639 $408,851,065 Religious 153 $86,051,449 $86,051,449 $172,102,899 Residential 45,204 $20,399,121,758 $10,199,560,879 $30,598,682,637 Source:Monroe County parcel data,2024 Note:In this exposure table,utilities are included in the Government category.However,parcels without a building cost were excluded-therefore,parcels with small utilities may not be included in the above count). Note:For the City of Layton,two marine laboratory facilities are listed under the Government category. Note: Content value estimations are generally based on the FEMA Hazus methodology of estimating value as a percent of improved structure values by property type. The residential property type assumes a content replacement value equal to 50%of the building value. Agricultural and commercial property types assume a content replacement value equal to 100%of the building value. The industrial property type assumes a content replacement value equal to 150%of the building value. 4.4. /7/CAI.., FAQ/I..,/.� SD...I I �w�.I... / .I... IRS " � " "�,5 IRE' Of significant concern with respect to any disaster event is the location of critical facilities and infrastructure in the planning area. Critical facilities are often defined as those essential services and lifelines that,if damaged during an emergency event,would result in severe consequences to public health, safety,and welfare.Critical facility information is regularly updated by the County. Critical facilities and infrastructure in Monroe County are listed by type in Table 4.8 and organized by FEMA lifeline.A detailed list of critical facilities is provided in each jurisdictional annex. These facilities were identified and verified by the LMSWG. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,my wage 57 557 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT aIIbllW 16.8....(:irlilrt'liocdll IIII uclilllllio'tliow'''s suu id Illluu rfuu^ss uumuctuuumc IIILiy IIII'IIII lilfcllllliouumw'M''',III cuuiuu^ce t„owi d a+ 41 tll .0 _� N H •L V •ir D D d O E L t�l m •= a c c H 7 >4 2 a D R C sA E Im L as_+ y d E d Q N 1p w C �q 1p 1p Jurisdiction V LLI LL 2 2 v1 3 Unincorporated Monroe County 28 17 14 2 10 35 2 190 298 City of Key Colony Beach - - - - - 2 - 1 3 City of Key West - 7 22 1 5 20 2 6 63 City of Layton 1 - - - - 1 - 3 5 City of Marathon - 3 6 - 6 22 1 8 46 Village of Islamorada - 2 8 - 3 12 - 7 32 Countywide Total 29 29 50 3 24 92 5 215 447 Source:Monroe County coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily I13acpe I1!3 558 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT 4.5 1114 IIII .III 114 1114 1114°°°°IIII IIIL.........IIII... IIII IIIL.........YS III S, NN V1 rIII IIII IIII......... 1114 III III IIIL........III Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Coastal Erosion Likely Limited Moderate Less than 24 hrs Less than 1 week 2.5 .......... Coastal erosion is a process whereby large storms,flooding,strong wave action, sea level rise, and human activities,such as inappropriate land use, alterations,and shore protection structures,wear away the beaches and bluffs along the coast. Erosion undermines and often destroys homes,businesses,and public infrastructure and can have long-term economic and social consequences. According to NOAA, coastal erosion is responsible for approximately$500 million per year in coastal property loss in the United States,including damage to structures and loss of land. To mitigate coastal erosion,the federal government subsidizes beach nourishment projects and other shoreline erosion control measures. Since 2018,the federal government has spent more than$770 million for emergency beach nourishment projects in Florida, Georgia, and the Carolinas. Coastal erosion has both natural causes and causes related to human activities. Gradual coastal erosion and accretion results naturally from the impacts of tidal longshore currents. Severe coastal erosion can occur over a short period when the state is impacted by hurricanes,tropical storms and other weather systems. Sand is continually removed by longshore currents in some areas,but it is also continually replaced by sand carried in by the same type of currents. Structures such as piers or seawalls,jetties, and navigational inlets may interrupt the movement of sand. Sand can become"trapped"in one place by these types of structures. The currents will,of course,continue to flow,though depleted of sand trapped elsewhere. With significant amounts of sand trapped in the system,the continuing motion of currents (now deficient in sand)results in erosion. In this way,human construction activities that result in the unnatural trapping of sand have the potential to result in significant coastal erosion. Erosion rates and potential impacts are highly localized. Severe storms can remove wide beaches,along with substantial dunes,in a single event. In undeveloped areas,these high recession rates are not likely to cause significant concern,but in some heavily populated locations,one or two feet of erosion may be considered catastrophic(NOAA,2014). Estuaries are partially enclosed, coastal water bodies where freshwater meats saltwater from the ocean. They are influenced by tides but still protected from the full force of ocean waves.Estuaries are often referred to as bays or sounds.Estuarine coastlines can experience erosion through short-term processes, such as tides, storms,wind,and boat wakes, as well as long-term processes, such as sea level rise.Many variables determine the rate of estuarine erosion including shoreline type,geographic location and size of the associated estuary,the type and abundance of vegetation,and the frequency and intensity of storms. Warning Time: I—More than 24 hours Duration: 3—Less than 1 week L...00A I'IIGI''^ Erosion can occur along any shoreline in the county. In Monroe County,erosion is typically caused by coastal tides, ocean currents,and especially storm events such as hurricanes and tropical storms. Erosion couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wi. ����� wage 9 559 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT rates are dependent on many characteristics,including soil type. The Lower Keys,having more calcium carbonate beaches, are more susceptible to erosion than the Upper and Middle Keys. In fact,the Upper Keys do not have naturally occurring beaches are thus less susceptible to erosion. The Florida Department of Environmental Protection(DEP)regularly monitors Florida's coastline and determines geographic areas of the state that are at high risk to erosion. DEP defines a critical erosion area as: "a segment of shoreline where natural processes or human activity have caused or contributed to erosion and recession of beach or dune system to such a degree that upland development, recreational interest, wildlife habitat, or important cultural resources are threatened or lost. Critical erosion areas may also include peripheral segments or gaps between identified critical erosion areas which, although they may be stable or slightly erosional now, their inclusion is necessary for continuity of management of the coastal system or for the design integrity of adjacent beach management projects." Per DEP's Strategic Beach Management Plan,there are 36.3 miles of beaches in the Florida Keys Region, from just south of Key Biscayne(in Miami-Dade County)to the Dry Tortugas(in Monroe County). Of these beaches, 15.02 miles are critically eroded,all in the Monroe County portion of the region. Table 4.9 below lists the locations of these critically eroded beaches as reported in the 2024 Critically Eroded Beaches report. These shorelines are also mapped in Figure 4.1. Mainland beaches of Key McLaughlin and Cable Sable fronting the Gulf of Mexico are not included in the list below due to insufficient data,however both beaches did sustain severe erosion during Hurricane Wilma in 2005. The Distal Sand keys,west of Key West,were also left out of the below assessment due to insufficient evidence. The Fills,in Islamorada between mile marker 77 and 79,have experienced significant erosion and received funding in the past to address these issues.Additionally,erosion has impacted Key's Energy infrastructure. Erosion around utility and transmission poles has led to the removal and relocation of such infrastructure. It should be noted that many of the designated critically eroded beaches have undergone some level of restoration. The shorelines where these beach restoration projects have taken place have improved compared to their pre-project condition,however,these shorelines retain their critical erosion designation in order to retain their state of Florida funding eligibility for long term management and beach project maintenance and monitoring. More details on the methods used to determine the location of critically eroded beaches and the impacts of such erosion on individual locations may be found in Florida DEP's Critically Eroded Beaches Report. Spatial Extent: 3—Moderate INA t„ 1111,'tli000lllIl uu^odrd 9llNouu^ollllliouu1w'!S,III ouu1uum0e t ououul Erosion Miles of Critically Eroding Shoreline Region Condition Eroded Beach Sea Oats Beach Middle Keys Critical 1.4 Long Key State Park Middle Keys Critical 2.1 Curry Hammock SP, Little Crawl Key Middle Keys Critical 0.3 Coco Plum Beach Middle Keys Critical 1.5 Key Colony Beach Southshore Middle Keys Critical 0.9 Sombrero Beach,Vaca Key Middle Keys Critical 0.5 Little Duck Key Lower Keys Critical 0.2 Bahia Honda State Park Lower Keys Critical 2.2 Long Beach,Big Pine Key Lower Keys Critical 1.1 Boca Chica Key Lower Keys Critical 0.9 Key West Lower Keys Critical 3.6 Fort Zachary Taylor SP Lower Keys Critical 0.3 coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage 60 560 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Erosion Miles of Critically Eroding Shoreline Region Condition Eroded Beach Simonton Beach Lower Keys Critical 0.02 Total 1S.02 Source:Florida DEP Critically Eroded Beaches Report,2024 Iguire 1,"I (:Irliotliocellllllll uu^o0e0 IIIIII'teeclllllloc,III rlluu^iroe t„ouinty,2024 Monroe %aoW4)adiY . Man Dec U!u ty�"IEL. .. � ckSuMy d:rnua7ty Gw mmr n �r suh rcuarm. � —� r " au rbptw.W"ad' ",.uVNM w➢Ir N""Wlrvt ll!n„Vo "� r Il ult:rrp mo16,x.n01p&"Gust mlM.0 B" � ij � w r' 09 hd 1 aW k IF r AlAV kW U e Ff alll P wl d N h p� V olw Our X rl By 0 ' Hlrrgld a�ost, " u3rmr„aa;ulrwr kaa4,+lltirny N j aw UI Y n vtlw VYn 9 1 Y r V gkr�na 9r ., a .. ..,',�;. Huaryr glrr IIJr' w r II ur rmwy ) afY�rrw rnnh a l r Au tl�ws l u V l Be uce .Ny r 4s1 . a6➢u.rIIIIg40 Y^bIk II uO"�nµV" h al^@Ih»�r4 "im / Va' �I II / Ul ° k�.'e •.ors m„ . 'WAshva ww�n „� duuw, t 9.Ay Bribe Uu�� o-4 �' Ili AirdriawaaN'Vp.SP p o0a*:a01 9 r m Isa!1( hdr�sgla�n narfl Prr �7 h` t �%ti!!flll�d"1'na' ,: �. ��ry ,u war.rr � d Y _ 9o,t9duro 6 kax!L Lai ate �' N sa r mul C w�v Gulf at Mexico, Straits of Florida 4damrW W wy dl m,isna Ihawy �.,,.�' I k"n"ihwdr�arcv�u�aa'y �a/Upp I MwaeumDe Key I�ar;,uew NMa�frnl•oyrnuhdralr�fi�w f,",(gr"hAtltlr l+rnp •.. i° SC:m Oukra Duch 9 4 vrr'W c"Ificual Lank Duck Kmy �."."" Long Kmy Stmte Park d L u d101111mrm ,aadry i3l Iv ryoa °P ill,P ernPnv naulr of .n! Curry Hammock SP,Uttle Crawl KvV h:1 rrrrun r"murA SnnnamArrrn 9—h alh lfl A""Vd[LJnr/ i� F by A-b'�!m plum d�ktl Cl1 R i"tr 04 P:r'IIM;,!iU N Kt,V C"..bny 8—h S-Ahmlhrnrrn(I 0 r s 1l'.1 B.N.IMCXI'7dm&gM ;aswvnwhmlrPYA Bqmth'4lYamrm K#Yy 'M +2 no[ur nrlmd d,1 Imm u,ron.aal 'y Lmgg Uwauagw,Hig Pinw#Key x M Srarraa4:hdmaKey 7 er��ll��,rlup�, Explanation K.yWWmmg (1,61 tItw riark:M Fort;7mVK'hmnrg*Amy "a 6 milllr m"lit".ad a!kY Major '�"'�4�g�fJs l G+r�W' I'IG leg 0 l lit llb r~tili.°:'.Yal w,. %r7i0n"m Erosion Classifications y.ilTe6'oaa9�."�tlYf wuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu S',141Nao�:ulg d'.':rurSr r1 EdL:ournPw drafts of FlauriYdla I „b) 411 Source:Florida DEP Critically Eroded Beaches Report,2024 The magnitude of erosion can be measured as a rate of change from a measured previous condition. Erosion rates can vary significantly across the county due to several factors including fetch, shoreline orientation,and soil composition. To account for these variations, long-term erosion can also be measured by land cover changes and increases in open water.While a small fraction of the shoreline may exhibit accretion over a short period of time,cumulative impacts can still indicate an overall loss of estuarine coastline and marsh habitat. Table 4.10 provides from the NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program(C- CAP)Land Cover Atlas showing land cover changes in the County from 1996 to 2021. c0lllll0r col.dll,t, ,l u. l� IMl.sllLil..11.duu..wilcLilolwal I ocall IIuLu„;aLuoul Strategy jani,wily I wage 611 561 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT sllll'�llllo 6.10 II aind(:cveir 1„'III"wallllligosm"1996 2021 Land Cover Type Monroe Net Change Monroe Percent Change Developed, High Intensity 1.15 sq. mi 6.79% Developed,Low Intensity 0.67 sq.mi 4.76% Developed,Open Space 0.00 sq. mi 0.05% Grassland/Herbaceous -0.10 sq. mi -5.87% Agriculture -0.01 sq. mi -100.00% Forested -0.04 sq. mi -1.57% Scrub/Shrub -0.70 sq.mi -47.83% Woody Wetland -2.74 sq. mi -0.46% Emergent Wetland 3.67 sq. mi 0.95% Bare Land -1.02 sq. mi -44.22% Open Water -0.88 sq. mi -0.03% Source:https://coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/data/ccapregional.htmi The C-CAP data indicates a net decrease in open water,however the percentage decrease is less than one- half of one percent. The County saw a large,over 47 percent,decrease in scrub land, and over 44 percent decrease in bare land. Only emergent wetlands and all development types were the only land cover areas to see an increase during this time period. Increases in developed land likely result in increased impervious surfaces,which may increase stormwater runoff, alter drainage patterns,and further exacerbate erosion and flood issues. In terms of the magnitude of impacts, erosion may cause property damage when severe but is unlikely to cause injury or death. In the 2020 LMS,it was noted that much of the reported property damage caused by erosion was to public facilities and park infrastructure. The following table summarizes potential expected impacts by critical erosion area as reported by DEP. sllll' Illlo 4"11 Illluu°,unllll',)acts of(:irliltlill.malllllly 1111111iroded 011llNoir6lli hies,II114aii roe(ouuuity Eroding Shoreline Potential Impacts Sea Oats Beach, Lower Matecumbe Recreational interests,private development&U.S. Highway Key along Sea Oats Beach Long Key Recreational interests in Long Key State Park&private development Curry Hammock, Little Crawl Key Recreational interests at Curry Hammock State Park Coco Plum Beach Private development,wildlife habitats&recreational interests at Monroe County park Key Colony Beach Private development Sunset Beach Recreational interests Sombrero Beach,Vaca Key Monroe county public park Little Duck Key Monroe county public park Bahia Honda Key Recreational interests,park road &park development Long Beach,Big Pine Key -- Boca Chica Key Recreational interests&park road Key West Recreational interests-complete elimination of recreational beach Simonton Beach Recreational interests as city park Fort Zachary Taylor Recreational interests at state park Source:Florida DEP Critically Eroded Beaches Report,2024 coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy wage(52' 562 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Impact: 2—Limited h°°III II ..I S IG?II As Figure 4.1 shows, shoreline erosion is occurring along ocean coastlines throughout Monroe County. Erosion is typically an ongoing process;however,it can be intensified and accelerated during storm events,particularly hurricane storm tides. Per an examination of event narratives in NCEI records for hurricanes,tropical storms, storm surges,and coastal floods,the following instances of major erosion are noted in Monroe County: August 17,2008(Tropical Storm)—Tropical Storm Fay crossed through the Lower Florida Keys of Monroe County during the evening of August 18. Damage and preparedness costs to government facilities and infrastructure totaled 2.8 million dollars,with about one million dollars due to coastal flooding damage to roads,and 200,000 dollars due to erosion. September 9,2008(Tropical Storm)—Hurricane Ike passed well southwest of the Florida Keys and into the Gulf of Mexico.However,Ike's large wind field produced tropical storm force winds during September 9-10,2008. Total damage to government property in Monroe County was estimated at$13.5 million dollars.Approximately$1.2 million damage in debris removal and erosion occurred county-wide due to storm surge flooding,with$2.6 million estimated from combined effects from wind and wind- blown rain.Erosion occurred to the causeways surrounding the Card Sound Bridge. November 7,2020(Tropical Storm)—Tropical Storm Eta passed northwest through the middle Florida Keys on November 8 through 9,2020. Primary impacts from wind occurred as result of a primary rain band which drifted very slowly north through the Upper Florida Keys. Peak wind gusts were mostly in the 50 to 60 mph range,downing trees and large tree limbs,utility lines,and a billboard. One residence was destroyed by a fallen tree resulting in 1 minor injury. Two other residential structures were significantly damaged,with three inaccessible due to blocked streets.About 20 separate power outages affected about 1,000 customers,mostly in Key Largo. Storm Surge flooding was generally in the 1.5 to 2.5 foot range,producing significant street flooding in oceanside Key Largo neighborhoods. The northbound right-of-way was damaged including major erosion, loss of riprap,and about 3,000 feet of fencing along northbound U.S.Highway 1 along the west end of Barnes Sound and Manatee Bay. Minor over wash occurred in the middle Florida Keys at Key Colony Beach,along with yard and dock flooding along the Florida Bay side of Marathon.Widespread rainfall of 3.5 to over 8 inches was measured throughout the Keys,with the highest totals in Key Largo. Damages were estimated near$500K due to mostly from homes damaged by falling trees and tree limbs,as well as utility damage. Storm Surge damage near$100K due to wave action on top of a minor storm surge to the U.S Highway 1 right-of-way. July 5,2021 (Tropical Storm)—Tropical Storm Elsa moved north-northwest from western Cuba,through the western Straits of Florida,and passed between the Marquesas Keys and Dry Tortugas into the southeast Gulf of Mexico. Numerous rain bands moved northwest and north through the Lower and Middle Florida Keys,with strong tropical-storm-force wind gusts measured near Key West from the evening of July 5th through the afternoon of July 6th.Maximum winds over the Florida Keys of Monroe County were recorded at 52 mph with gusts to 70 mph at Key West.Wind impacts were confined to damage to trees and utility lines,mostly in Key West proper. No storm surge was recorded in the Florida Keys,however the onshore southerly winds raised water levels just below 1.0 foot above normal at Key West closer to low astronomical tide. Moderate oceanside beach erosion occurred at Key West along with over wash from heavy wave action. Storm total rainfall up to near 7.5 inches resulted in brief but significant street flooding in Key West midday on July 6th. The Strategic Beach Management Plan report notes the following storms caused erosion of County beaches: — Hurricane Andrew(1992;Upper Keys) couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily wage 63 563 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT — Hurricane Georges(1998;Upper,Middle,and Lower Keys) — Hurricane Irene(1999;Middle and Lower Keys) — Hurricanes Rita and Wilma(2005; Upper,Middle,and Lower Keys) — Tropical Storm Fay(2008) — Hurricane Isaac(2012) — Hurricane Irma(2017) Hurricane Irma caused moderate to severe erosion along most beaches in the Middle and Lower Florida Keys. As reported in the Hurricane Irma Post-Storm Report,as Irma made landfall in the Keys with the eye around Cudjoe Key, areas within and to the east of the eye sustained major beach and dune erosion, including complete destruction of entire dune systems in some cases along with destruction of fences and beach access walkways. The Lower Keys to the west of the eye,in the weak quadrant, sustained only minor beach erosion. Details by location can be found in the Post-Storm Report. G IG? III'i i II IL...IL.I IC........ IC ..." IG G III......... IG G IG G III......... III......... Erosion and accretion are natural processes that are likely to continue to occur. The likelihood of significant instances of erosion will likely be tied to the occurrence of hurricane,tropical storm,and nor'easter events.Although NCEI only reports on erosion impacts from 4 events over the 25-year span between 1999 through 2024,DEP reports on an additional 7 events. In total,this equates to a 44 percent chance of erosion occurring every year.Additionally, drawing from the likelihood of hurricanes,tropical storms, and Nor'easters,erosion is likely to occur. Probability: 3—Likely IL.......II II" II°°°°°III A`4 G As discussed under Climate Change in Section 4.5.5, climate change is expected to make heavy rain events and tropical storms and hurricanes more frequent and intense.As a result,the erosion typically caused by these storms can be expected to occur more frequently. Coastal erosion is also expected to increase as a result of rising seas.A 2018 study found that globally,between 1984 and 2015 erosion outweighed accretion. However,the study could not conclude the degree to which erosion during this period is attributed to climate changes or increased coastal development.Nonetheless,increases in erosion have been observed and are expected to continue. IL...II''^ III.........G G i II IL...II"'I Y Y ASS SS M ` ..1.. PEOPLE Erosion is unlikely to have any direct impact on the health or safety of individuals. However,it can pose a financial risk.Households and businesses along the shore may have to relocate or make expensive structural changes on their property. Relocating is difficult for anyone,but it can be especially challenging for lower-income individuals. OPER 7.Y Erosion can cause buildings to become closer to the water's edge,increasing the likelihood of water inundating a structure. This can lead to damage or destruction of a foundation. In addition to structural repairs,property owners may be subject to higher insurance premiums to account for increased risk. Data is not available on specific property or critical facility risk to erosion. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 564 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMEW Erosion can change the shape and characteristics of coastal shorelines.Eroded material may clog waterways and decrease drainage capacity. Erosion can also negatively impact water quality by increasing sediment loads in waterways. CONSEQUENCEANA1 M'I'iiiM Table 4.12 summarizes the potential negative consequences of erosion. alllh llllc 6,1 ullll sequallllicc Analllysls II uu^cclil uu� Category Consequences Public Erosion is unlikely to impact public health and safety. Responders Erosion is unlikely to require immediate response or rescue operations. Continuity of Operations Erosion is unlikely to impact public continuity of operations. (including Continued Delivery of Services) Property, Facilities and Erosion can result in property damage if it is severe enough or if scour Infrastructure occurs that undermines the integrity of structural foundations. Environment Erosion can increase sediment loads in waterbodies and change riverine and coastal topography. Economic Condition of Beach re-nourishment projects to counter erosion are extremely costly. the Jurisdiction Water dependent industries may suffer from lost shoreline and degraded water quality. Public Confidence in the Erosion is unlikely to impact public confidence. Jurisdiction's Governance ASSOCAIII......... Ih°°III IZI I "II':' Natural hazards are often interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to,or be spurred by, another hazard —sometimes referred to as cascading disasters. Coastal erosion may be associated with tropical cyclones, coastal storms, storm surge,and flood. Ih°°III I1III IIII1 II::, III......... L... IGII" I11 ..1.. Increased development along the coastal areas vulnerable to erosion could speed up or intensify existing erosion processes. Enhanced development anywhere on the coast could create new erosional hotspots if not managed properly. III'i IL...III1A SIII ..III.........1A 11114..F. U.S.Highway 1 is at risk where erosion is occurring along Sea Oats Beach. Erosion that impacts US Highway 1 could interrupt transportation on the entire Island Chain. As highlighted in Table 4.11,numerous recreational beaches and parks are at risk due to Coastal Erosion. Loss of such beaches would threaten the Keys' vital tourist economy.Mitigation strategies to address losses caused by coastal erosion should align with the Strategic Beach Management Plan for the Florida Keys Region. IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily wage Gww,'',m 565 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT L."°.III G IL.. S U " I" G? IlllllllfiY J IG II IL.. II TII0II' The following table summarizes coastal erosion hazard risk by jurisdiction.Exposure to erosion varies slightly across jurisdictions,particularly in spatial extent. The ratings below are based on the length of miles of critically eroded beaches in each jurisdiction. The impact of erosion across jurisdictions is relatively similar—impacting public and private interests. Importantly, if erosion impacts transportation infrastructure it effects public and private interests the same. Layton is the only jurisdiction without a critically eroded shoreline, so it received impact and spatial extent ratings of 1;however,given the number of hurricanes and storms that impact the county,there is still a possibility that erosion might occur in Layton in the future,therefore it was rated as possible. Other jurisdictions received probability ratings based on prevalence of past and current erosion challenges. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial WarningDuration Score Priority Extent Time Key Colony 4 2 2 1 3 2.6 M Beach Key West 4 2 3 1 3 2.8 1 M Layton 2 1 1 1 3 1.5 L Marathon 3 2 3 1 3 2.5 M Islamorada 4 2 2 1 3 2.6 M Unincorporated Monroe County 3 2 3 1 3 2.5 M coi.du„iw, a u., a„� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage 66 566 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT DR01 IGH7 Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Drought Likely Minor Large More than 24 More than 1 hrs week .......... Drought is a deficiency in precipitation over an extended period. It is a normal,recurrent feature of climate that occurs in virtually all climate zones. The duration of a drought varies widely. There are cases when drought develops relatively quickly and lasts a very short period,exacerbated by extreme heat and/or wind, and there are other cases when drought spans multiple years,or even decades. Studying the paleoclimate record is often helpful in identifying when long-lasting droughts have occurred. Common types of drought are detailed below in Table 4.13. allll llllo r"1""'3 Illt)irauglllit(:'Iassliofliocatliooiiis Type Details Meteorological Drought Meteorological Drought is based on the degree of dryness(rainfall deficit) and the length of the dry period. Agricultural Drought Agricultural Drought is based on the impacts to agriculture by factors such as rainfall deficits,soil water deficits,reduced ground water,or reservoir levels needed for irrigation. Hydrological Drought Hydrological Drought is based on the impact of rainfall deficits on the water supply such as stream flow,reservoir and lake levels,and ground water table decline. Socioeconomic Socioeconomic drought is based on the impact of drought conditions Drought (meteorological,agricultural,or hydrological drought)on supply and demand of some economic goods.Socioeconomic drought occurs when the demand for an economic good exceeds supply as a result of a weather- related deficit in water supply. Source:National Drought Mitigation Center The wide variety of disciplines affected by drought,its diverse geographical and temporal distribution, and the many scales drought operates on make it difficult to develop both a definition to describe drought and an index to measure it.Many quantitative measures of drought have been developed in the United States,depending on the discipline affected,the region being considered,and the application. Several indices developed by Wayne Palmer, as well as the Standardized Precipitation Index,are useful for describing the many scales of drought. The U.S.Drought Monitor provides a summary of drought conditions across the United States and Puerto Rico. Often described as a blend of art and science,the Drought Monitor map is updated weekly by combining a variety of data-based drought indices and indicators and local expert input into a single composite drought indicator. The Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI)devised in 1965,was the first drought indicator to assess moisture status comprehensively. It uses temperature and precipitation data to calculate water supply and demand, incorporates soil moisture,and is considered most effective for unirrigated cropland. It primarily reflects long-term drought and has been used extensively to initiate drought relief. It is more complex than the Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI)and the Drought Monitor. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily :rage 67 567 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT The Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI)is a way of measuring drought that is different from the Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI).Like the PDSI,this index is negative for drought, and positive for wet conditions.But the SPI is a probability index that considers only precipitation,while Palmer's indices are water balance indices that consider water supply(precipitation),demand(evapotranspiration)and loss (runoff). The State of Florida adopted a Drought Action Plan in 2007 that specifies response strategies to varying levels of declared drought. These rules provide the framework to coordinate statewide response to drought. Warning Time: I—More than 24 hours Duration: 4—More than one week L...00A I II 0 II''^ Drought is a regional hazard that can impact large swaths of land—across county and even state lines. In the event of a drought,the entirety of Monroe County will experience impacts. Figure 4.2 below shows the U.S.Drought Monitor's drought ratings for Florida as of February 18,2025; as of that date,Monroe County was experiencing some abnormally dry conditions(DO)in the western side of the County and the southeastern corner, and moderate drought(D1)throughout the rest of the County. Spatial Extent: 4—Large IIgulii*162 US IIII")Iiougll II't'III o111111lrt'oul,Fouu^Wvdk of IIII!!!dllhwrlliwaiill "18,2025 U.S. Drought Monitor February 18, 2025 Thursday,Feb. Florida (Release Valid 7 a.m.EST 20,2025J d Intensity: None DQ A,hnormally Dry D1 Moderate Droughl D^e.Severe Drought D3 Extreme Drought D4 Exceptional Drought d" The D—ghP'AA-,b,Yoauseson hroad-wale crund h-s Far rr— info—anion run doe Dr-yhtdl,NoniYoa;go Co h*,Ild—ghlrrrandlar uol.edu1.4 heul a gax Author. Brian Fuchs National Drought Mitigation Center USDA ...., Zap ffr droughtmioniitolr.ulniLedul Source: U.S.Drought Monitor IM tg ll'1110S�."�tgl,.tu'i ty„II'IL. SIG" IMl.sL. ldu wtrL0l4 I ocall uL„aLo l Strategy n�Iw. �°p ..026 arage 6ll3 568 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT IICIIIIIII�..�..IICIIIIIII II°" ..�.. Drought extent can be defined in terms of intensity,using the U.S.Drought Monitor scale. The Drought Monitor Scale measures drought episodes with input from the Palmer Drought Severity Index,the Standardized Precipitation Index,the Keetch-Byram Drought Index, soil moisture indicators,and other inputs as well as information on how drought is affecting people. Figure 4.3 details the classifications used by the U.S. Drought Monitor.A category of D2(severe)or higher on the U.S.Drought Monitor Scale can typically result in crop or pasture losses,water shortages, and the need to institute water restrictions. Drought in Florida occurs on a regular,cyclical basis. The different areas of Florida are randomly affected and sometimes equally affected. Counties that are expected to experience the most weeks of drought each year are the northern and central counties. Monroe County is susceptible to almost every level of drought on the U.S.Drought Monitor scale, however since 2000 it has not experienced and exceptional drought. The most severe period of drought since 2000 occurred in the spring of 2011 and reached extreme drought across 17%of Monroe County. Impact: I—Minor I Iiopauuma r'P US IIII"Nitmuaa lll11it III rlouuiIl1tauu^t„ IIII;arrffliu a'tliurnuulllr IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII�IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 'I"=Illlu��� I N rirr. innnniiinnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnniiinni. �3.nd rq irltcf etrou�+;YrL: Yr rtR iir rl i :el ii pslarufrrr;; Albrtloni,"t23111 DO CJ ry C i,nif l; I rl dI f7n I'rl Cl o-'11.9 1.11 to 30 21 Sys 30 0 15 to 11."7 21 ly,a 30 ,uir elciur ruf�neafei dn,icds IfafurIll<rrp""of fill iw% d M al Lily lratf" strarns,re cidcu or well low,3 l ira r'I i i t,al e I�e I ai rl �ro7n inr i�C n ne DI 10 tol-19 111 It:o 20 111'I,o 210 0,8 lr.�o-112 111 Lo 210 dralunE ii,ud-rl.r.r;,tL to Fi^i^r.rrcpn 1:er,;1 cEP;`e i7f[ f pnsfufeIi.r..,s< likely terYiirircornmrrl 3ClII':-:3.9 63iI�)10 FJit030 1 ;3to I.5 F')to30 711"r:all }V: warerir oictnir;Yrnpnred 1 Xt t Yh e I✓l il'V nl fpr h lfFllrr /� �1�PJ�.,4�9 3 to r, rY'r.':r, -1,6lr.I10-11.91 _i Lo'r'"fr II� M iLu9.d�.11" : �ahrtee;l i saa water sl n tage e re^,h cfY[firr C pt r ml ica li ati cf.iI 13C�r a II u111u1"ti�:�f l Z a ¢ 2,0 �. � frriia r f it inn i i u -hr rtn, r,�pal d""i_'b �. C� C,.)�;�: �) p4y �,.f.,�,�y:B P� r"i�;. �) 14:,y t7 tiV. Source:US Drought Monitor ..I..' I'?CXL.,. U.S.Drought Monitor provides historical data on droughts in Monroe County and records drought intensity weekly throughout the country. The following figures show historical periods where each county was considered in some level of drought condition. The color key shown in Figure 4.4 indicates the intensity of the drought.According to the U.S.Drought Monitor,between January 1,2000 and February 18,2025,Monroe County was in some level of drought condition 42%of the time,or 547 of 1,312 weeks. Most this time was spent in"abnormally dry"or"moderate"drought conditions;Monroe County recorded 26 weeks in"extreme"drought. 0IIIII0S coLdll.,wy a u. u� ICI.sIILil..nl.duu..w:JiIcLilol4 I ocaII IIWLu„;aLuayul Strategy jaiv,wiy arage 69 569 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT 11 �!!!Iguir*11.4 US I�)Irvuglht W01111111toll, ii,eirrids, Maiiiii,ce(:cuirrity MDIMME COLIV-1ty(FL) Peirr_eiiil Area hi U S DrougM Monitor Categories MAY"', J USDA reom ch Il D oµehtf I A b h', O'ko.E;Ytt i m,,,r, ri, p,2 2 G 2 02 Source: U.S.Drought Monitor The National Drought Mitigation Center's Drought Impact Reporter Dashboard summarizes drought- related media reports starting in 2005. The following narratives were compiled from the Dashboard search results for Monroe County: — In November 2006, continuing drought conditions and related water supply concerns prompted the South Florida Water Management District to impose voluntary water use restrictions for residents and agriculture producers in Broward,Miami-Dade,Monroe,and Palm Beach Counties. Residents were asked to limit lawn irrigation and personal water use. — As a result of the ongoing drought in March 2007,the area received about half of the rainfall that they normally received leading to low water levels for Lake Okeechobee—the areas main backup water supply. Mandatory water restrictions were put into effect for the South Florida Water Management District. The restrictions are intended to reduce water consumption by 15%.Farmers were moved to Phase 2 to reduce consumption by 30%. — More than 30 Florida counties were declared to be natural disaster areas by the U.S. Department of Agriculture due to cold and drought between November 5 and December 17,2010. — In March 2018,the Florida Forest Service warned of a heightened wildfire risk statewide as drought conditions persisted.Extreme fire risk existed in Monroe,Miami-Dade,Broward,Lee,Martin,Indian River,Brevard,Highlands,Polk and Orange counties. The worst drought in Florida's recorded history was from 1954-1956 resulting in the loss of many of crops and a lot timber were lost. The Northern Counties got the worst part of the drought but most of the State was in drought for all of 1956.Another major drought occurred in 1981-1982 when rain was scarce, and Lake Okeechobee reached the lowest water level ever recorded.All the State was in moderate or severe drought,but many regions were out of drought by the end of 1981. Florida had another severe drought from 1998 to 2001.During this,crops were destroyed,lake levels were at an all-time low,and wildfires raged. This drought caused the water management districts to restrict water use,municipalities to hike water rates, and many restaurants were ordered to stop serving water except for to customers who asked. Several wildfires also occurred in 2007,including one in Monroe County,because of a drought from 2006 to 2007. This period saw the largest rainfall deficit since the 1950s and was considered a one in 25-year drought event. From 2010 to 2012,the State saw a drought that affected most counties,but the northern central and Panhandle regions were classified as in"extreme drought"for an extended period.Again in 2016, drought conditions developed and lasted into 2017 causing many wildfires. M011,1110S couirty,rr:11 wslr� Mi.dd JixdsWcdoi4 I ocall Wdgadori Strategy Jaiv,wiy��1026 13age'70 570 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT There has never been a Presidential Major Disaster Declaration for drought in Florida.However,the USDA has declared agricultural disasters because of drought. Disaster designations help producers get loans and emergency assistance in these situations. G IG? III'i i II IL...IL.I IC........ IC ..." IG G III......... IG G IG G III......... III......... Based on historical occurrences,the probability that the County will experience some level of drought is likely,with Monroe County in drought 42 percent of the time during the period from 2000 through 2024. Over the same time period,approximately 133 weeks were categorized as a severe(D2)drought or greater; which equates to a 10 percent chance of severe drought in any given week. Probability: 3—Likely IL.......II II" II°°°°°III A`4 G The Fourth National Climate Assessment reports that average and extreme temperatures are increasing across the country and average annual precipitation is decreasing in the Southeast.Heavy precipitation events are becoming more frequent,meaning that there will likely be an increase in the average number of consecutive dry days.As temperature is projected to continue rising,evaporation rates are expected to increase,resulting in decreased surface soil moisture levels. Together,these factors suggest that drought will increase in intensity and duration in the Southeast. The Fifth National Climate Assessment upholds the climate trends reported in the Fourth Assessment and presents additional patterns in the Southeast that exacerbate climate risk and impacts. These patterns include population growth,high proportion of the population with health issues or underlying health conditions,and a large,climate-dependent agricultural sector.' IL...II''^ III.........G G i II IL...II IY ASS SS" " ..1.. PEOPLE Drought can affect people's physical and mental health. For those economically dependent on a reliable water supply,drought may cause anxiety or depression about economic losses,reduced incomes,and other employment impacts. Conflicts may arise over water shortages.People may be forced to pay more for water,food,and utilities affected by increased water costs. Drought may also cause health problems due to poorer water quality from lower water levels. If accompanied by extreme heat,drought can also result in higher incidents of heat stroke and even loss of human life. The Florida Keys experience dry and wet seasons and are sometimes characterized by an and climate.As the County is supplied by water from the mainland,residents always need to be aware of preserving water,but especially during drought periods. The Florida Key's Aqueduct Authority and the South Florida Water Management District will issue restrictions as needed. Such restrictions are predominantly intended for lawn and vegetation maintenance,but irresponsible water use will affect residents' access to water with continued development. OPER 7.Y Drought is unlikely to cause damages to the built environment,including private property or critical facilities.However, in areas with shrinking and expansive soils,drought may lead to structural damages. 'https-.//nca2023.globalchange.gov/chapter/22/ coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage'/'ll 571 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Drought may cause severe property loss for the agricultural industry in terms of crop and livestock losses. The USDA's Risk Management Agency(RMA)maintains a database of all paid crop insurance claims, however no claims were made in Monroe County between 2007-2023 as a result of drought. ENVIRONMEW Drought can affect local wildlife by shrinking food supplies and damaging habitats. Sometimes this damage is only temporary,and other times it is irreversible. Wildlife may face increased disease rates due to limited access to food and water. Increased stress on endangered species could cause extinction. Residents are aware of the need to use native vegetation and ground cover to avoid the need for excessive watering. Drought conditions can also provide a substantial increase in wildfire risk.As plants and trees die from a lack of precipitation,increased insect infestations,and diseases—all of which are associated with drought—they become fuel for wildfire. Long periods of drought can result in more intense wildfires, which bring additional consequences for the economy,the environment,and society.Drought may also increase likelihood of wind and water erosion of soils. CONSEQUENCEANA1..M'IiiiM Table 4.14 summarizes the potential negative consequences of drought. II allll' Ille :I"14 t„ouu se ueiiiico Analllysls IIIltNrouglllit Category Consequences Public Can cause anxiety or depression about economic losses,conflicts over water shortages,reduced incomes,fewer recreational activities,higher incidents of heat stroke,and fatality. Responders Impacts to responders are unlikely. Exceptional drought conditions may impact the amount of water immediately available to respond to wildfires. Continuity of Operations Drought would have minimal impacts on continuity of operations due to (including Continued the relatively long warning time that would allow for plans to be made to Delivery of Services) maintain continuity of operations. Property, Facilities and Drought has the potential to affect water supply for residential, Infrastructure commercial,institutional,industrial,and government-owned areas. Drought can reduce water supply in wells and reservoirs. Utilities may be forced to increase rates. Environment Environmental impacts include strain on local plant and wildlife; increased probability of erosion and wildfire. Economic Condition of Farmers may face crop losses or increased livestock costs. Businesses that the Jurisdiction depend on farming may experience secondary impacts. Extreme drought has the potential to impact local businesses in landscaping, recreation and tourism,and public utilities. Public Confidence in the When drought conditions persist with no relief, local or State Jurisdiction's Governance governments must often institute water restrictions,which may impact public confidence. couu,wy a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily I13acpe'72 572 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT SS„.. II I..IICIIIIIII IL.. II°°°°°III L.,. Natural hazards are often interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to,or be spurred by, another hazard —sometimes referred to as cascading disasters.Drought may be associated with wildfire and extreme heat. Ih°°III III II II' II'::', III......... L... IG II" ..1.. Drought is predominantly controlled by larger weather patterns and less by human development. However,increased development and the resulting increasing impervious surfaces would mean less surface water would be able to directly infiltrate into the ground. Further,because the County's water is predominantly supplied by the Biscayne aquifer in Miami-Dade County,new development and population growth in Monroe County as well as Miami-Dade and other areas supplied by the aquifer will increase water demand. In turn,this could lower the threshold for socioeconomic drought in terms of an inability of water supply to mee water demand. III'i IL...III "14 III ..III........." II ........ Drought is a regional hazard. If drought impacts Monroe County, it will similarly be impacting neighboring counties and towns. The Keys get most of their drinking water from the Biscayne Aquifer and supplement with water from the Floridan Aquifer. In the case of a drought,water supply could be impacted.Water is already transported long distances to reach the keys, and in drought circumstances the distance water must travel could increase. Drought can create or exacerbate water quality issues. Though the Biscayne Aquifer is of superior quality, the Floridan Aquifer is considered brackish and experience saltwater intrusion. I G I" II" I" G? III'i ..'� IG G II II'::', II T II 0 II''^h°°°°III �II'::' The following table summarizes drought hazard risk by jurisdiction.Drought risk is uniform across the planning area. Warning time,duration, and spatial extent are inherent to the hazard and remain constant across jurisdictions. Drought most commonly and severely impacts agricultural activities, of which there are few in the County. In more heavily developed areas,the magnitude of drought is less severe,with lawns and local gardens affected and potential impacts on already constrained local water supplies during severe,prolonged drought. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial WarningDuration Score Priority Extent Time Key Colony 3 1 4 1 4 2.5 M Beach Key West 3 1 4 1 4 2.5 M Layton 3 1 4 1 4 2.5 M Marathon 3 1 4 1 4 2.5 M Islamorada 3 1 4 1 4 2.5 M Unincorporated 3 1 4 1 4 2.5 M Monroe County coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 573 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Extreme Heat Likely Limited Large More than 24 More than 12'7 hrs week .......... Per information provided by Ready.gov,in most of the United States extreme heat is defined as a long period(2 to 3 days)of high heat and humidity with temperatures above 90 degrees. As temperatures rise, our bodies naturally cool down by sweating. In extreme heat,the body must work extra hard to maintain a normal temperature and sweating might not be enough to cool down.When this happens,a person's body temperature rises faster than it can cool itself. Additionally,when the humidity is high,as is common during extreme heat events in North Carolina,evaporative cooling through sweating becomes less effective.Heat-related illnesses occur when the body overheats from exposure to high temperatures and in severe cases can cause damage to the brain and other vital organs. Heat-related illnesses can also arise from moderate to vigorous physical activity in hot situations. Extreme heat often results in the highest annual number of deaths among all weather-related disasters. On average,the number of extreme heat days has been increasing each year,putting residents at a higher risk of heat-related illnesses. In 2023,more people in the United States died of heat-related illness than any year on record.Per Ready.gov, older adults,children,and people with certain illnesses and chronic conditions are at greater risk from extreme heat; and humidity increases the feeling of heat. The National Weather Service(NWS)uses the heat index, also known as apparent temperature,to determine when to issue health alerts. The heat index is a measure of how hot it really feels when the relative humidity is considered along with the actual air temperature. In most areas of the country,the NWS generally issues alerts"when the heat index is expected to exceed 105OF 410°F for at least two consecutive days,"but they also work with local partners to determine the most appropriate conditions for a specific geography. Ambient air temperature is one component of heat conditions,with relative humidity being the other. The relationship of these factors creates what is known as the apparent temperature. The Heat Index Chart in Figure 4.5 uses both factors to produce a guide for the apparent temperature or relative intensity of heat conditions. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily I1'3ar',pe'74 574 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Igelirp 16.S III°°Illea't IIIIIIII"dex t„'III"wellll NWS West Indlex Temperature (T) 80 92 84 86 88 90 92 94 9 99 100 1102 104 10 108 110 40 80 81 83 85, 88 91 94 9 46 00 82 04 87 89 93 96 1 50 81! 83 85 88 '91 '95, 99 EN O' 1 84 86 89 93 '97 1 60 82 84 88 '91 11( 0 82 85 89 8 98 10 70, 83 88 90 95, I00;. 84, 88 9 I "4W 2 84 89 900 86 0 90 166 0 90, 8181 9 95 8 03, 10 1100187 95 103 Likelihood of Heat Disorders with, Prolonged (Exposure or Strenuous Activity CaLMon 01 Extreme Caution Danger FNtreme Dar ger Source:National Weather Service(NWS)https://www.weather.gov/safety/heat-index Note:Exposure to direct sun can increase Heat Index values by as much as 15°F.The shaded zone above 105°F corresponds to a heat index that may cause increasingly severe heat disorders with continued exposure and/or physical activity. During these conditions,the human body has difficulties cooling through the normal method of the evaporation of perspiration.Health risks rise when a person is overexposed to heat. The most dangerous place to be during an extreme heat incident is in a permanent home,with little or no air conditioning. Those at greatest risk for heat-related illness include people 65 years of age and older,young children, people with chronic health problems such as heart disease,people who are obese,people who are socially isolated,and people who are on certain medications, such as tranquilizers, antidepressants, sleeping pills, or drugs for Parkinson's disease. However,even young and healthy individuals are susceptible if they participate in strenuous physical activities during hot weather or are not acclimated to hot weather. Table 4.15 lists typical symptoms and health impacts of heat exposure. alllh llllo 4"15 ""III""yIIIP icallll IIII°°IIleSlllhfllw III uu°'ulrwllll' acts of IIIIIIIIICxfuumeuu°wile IIII°°(heat Heat Index(HI) Disorder 80-90°F(HI) Fatigue possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity 90-105°F(HI) Sunstroke, heat cramps,and heat exhaustion possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity 105-130°F(HI) 1 Heatstroke/sunstroke highly likely with continued exposure Source:National Weather Service Heat Index Program,www.weather.gov/os/heat/indexshtml The NWS has a system in place to initiate alert procedures(advisories or warnings)when the Heat Index is expected to have a significant impact on public safety. The expected severity of the heat determines whether advisories or warnings are issued. A common guideline for issuing excessive heat alerts is when the maximum daytime Heat Index is expected to equal or exceed 105 degrees Fahrenheit ff)and the couir,wy,a u. u� I" i.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioi4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jaiwi,my I13acpe'T�) 575 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT night time minimum Heat Index is 80°F or above for two or more consecutive days. A heat advisory is issued when temperatures reach 105°F and a warning is issued at I I5°F. Impacts of extreme heat are not only focused on human health,as prolonged heat exposure can have devastating impacts on infrastructure as well.Prolonged high heat exposure increases the risk of pavement deterioration,as well as railroad warping or buckling. High heat also puts a strain on energy systems and consumption,as air conditioners are run at a higher rate and for longer; extreme heat can also reduce transmission capacity over electric systems. Warning Time: I—More than 24 hours Duration: 3—Less than one week L...00A I II 0 II''^ Monroe County and its jurisdictions are susceptible to high temperatures and incidents of extreme heat. Spatial Extent: 4—Large X.. "'III......... ..1.. The extent of extreme heat can be defined by the maximum apparent temperature reached.Apparent temperature is a function of ambient air temperature and relative humidity and is reported as the heat index. The NWS Southern Region sets the following criteria for heat advisory and excessive heat warning: — Heat Advisory—Heat Index of 108°F or higher or temperature of 103°F or higher — Excessive Heat Warning—Heat Index of 113°F or higher for any duration or temperature of 103°F or higher Table 4.16 notes the highest temperature on record at nine weather stations in Monroe County according to the Southeast Regional Climate Center,which maintains temperature records for the highest maximum temperature each month. alllh llllc 6,16 1114°°Illlilglllliest""IIP"'cul°ull,ieliratuire by IIII ocatlioollllili Temperature Location Date 101*F Dry Tortugas August 1992 96°F Key West Int'I Airport August 2024* 100°F Bahia Honda State Park July 2023 97°F Curry Hammock State Park July 2011* 99°F Duck Key July1987 93°F Islamorada August 2010 98°F Tavernier September 1963 95*F John Pennekamp State Park July 2018 97*F Flamingo Ranger Station September 2013 Source: Southeast Regional Climate Center;only for stations with records within the past 20 years. *Some maximum temperatures were recorded more than once,where this occurred,the most recent occurrence is noted. Impact: 2—Limited couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,my :rage'76 576 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT h°°°°III II "I" II'?CXL... II' II'IIIIIIII Table 4.17 provides maximum monthly temperature for 2000-2024 at the Key West Municipal Airport weather station(KAPF). This location is used as an indicator for Monroe County overall. Data was summarized with the Northeast Regional Climate Center's Climate Information for Management and Operational Decisions(CLIMOD 2)tool which uses data from NCEI. The highest recorded temperature is 96°F and occurred in both July 2023 and August 2023. The data also indicates that it is typical to have maximum temperature days of 90°F and over from June to September. II1111�1111WEilW 16.17.. 1114°°Illliort ou^liCWl III muulitllllNdlly IIftxliouu°1ul uu°lug""IIP"' uu°ul llll' '''uu^zt uu^n,IllKey xrt Illluutrtnuu^uu�ztlil uu�zlll iuu"III' uu Year Maximum Temperature by Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2000 82 83 86 86 90 91 93 91 91 89 84 82 2001 81 83 85 86 88 90 91 92 90 88 82 83 2002 82 81 85 86 89 89 92 91 90 89 87 83 2003 80 83 86 85 88 90 92 92 91 90 86 81 2004 81 81 82 84 87 90 91 91 90 88 87 84 2005 80 81 83 84 89 90 92 93 90 88 84 82 2006 81 82 83 85 88 90 90 92 90 89 84 83 2007 83 82 84 86 87 93 94 94 95 90 87 83 2008 82 84 84 85 91 91 91 92 91 87 84 80 2009 81 79 84 86 89 91 94 93 92 91 86 84 2010 80 80 82 84 89 92 91 92 90 87 85 78 2011 79 80 84 86 89 90 93 92 92 88 84 81 2012 81 83 82 85 87 89 88 90 90 89 81 83 2013 82 82 84 87 89 91 90 90 90 88 85 83 2014 82 82 83 87 88 91 93 93 90 90 83 82 2015 82 82 84 90 89 94 94 94 94 90 87 84 2016 84 81 83 85 89 91 93 92 92 91 84 85 2017 83 83 86 85 90 91 92 94 93 89 86 83 2018 79 83 83 86 86 90 94 94 95 91 88 86 2019 83 85 85 87 94 93 93 94 92 89 88 85 2020 82 85 85 89 90 92 94 93 93 91 88 82 2021 79 84 85 87 90 91 93 91 92 89 84 84 2022 83 81 84 86 89 91 93 92 92 88 87 83 2023 83 86 87 88 92 95 96 95 95 91 85 85 2024 81 80 85 87 93 92 92 96 94 89 86 82 Max 84 85 87 90 94 94 94 96 95 91 88 85 Mean 81 82 84 86 89 1 91 92 93 92 89 85 83 Source:Northeast PP lonaI Climate Center rU MOD 2 G IG?O III'i i II IL...IL.I Y IC........ IC........ ..." Data was gathered from the Northeast Regional Climate Center's CLIMOD 2 Tool using the Key West airport weather station as an approximation for Monroe County. Based on 25 years of available data,the Region regularly experiences maximum temperatures from June to September that can impact public health and safety. Probability: 3—Likely couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily :rage'77 577 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT IL.......II II" ICi IICIIIIIII0.......I ` IICIIIIIII Research shows that average temperatures will continue to rise in the Southeast United States and globally. Per the Fifth National Climate Assessment,"The number of extreme warm days(above 95°F)is expected to continue increasing with every increment of global warming"and that"heatwaves in the Southeast are happening more frequently and are occurring during a longer heat season,with some cities also showing increasing trends in their duration and intensity."Additional heat stresses can be attributed to the urban heat island effect which can increase the temperature of those living in urban environments compared to rural areas. The number of days over 95°F is expected to increase by between 10 and 40 days annually within the Everglades area of Monroe County as shown in Figure 4.6.Data is unavailable for the Florida Keys. I guii,e 16A i3iii o)e^c ey IIIhaiiiige lioui Ill uuu°loMll'euu^o't IIII"ayc oaeuum 9511l11 Inequitable Heat Burden and Future Heat Exposure a) Energy-burdened households b) Projected change in extreme heat days, overlap with communities of color 2050 compared to 1991-2020 i 'f 30 /a Ener9y Change in Number of Days at or Above 95°F burdened 6 households © 0 10 20 30 40 50 25 40 90 %BIPOC population Source:USGCPR 2023:Fifth National Climate Assessment IL...II'"' II':........IG G k ii II IL...II 'i""'Y ASS SS 1 I1114..i.. ME7""I..°10DOLOGIES AND ASSUMM IONS No data is available to assess the vulnerability property in the planning area to extreme heat. Vulnerable populations based on age are estimated according to Census data.Data on other vulnerable populations is not available. PEOPLE Extreme heat can cause heat stroke and even loss of human life. The elderly and the very young are most at risk to the effects of heat.People who are isolated are also more vulnerable to extreme heat. The table below summarizes the percent of each jurisdiction's total population that falls within these age groups. IM i.s 11 Lii..l i.d a u..w iic Liio i w a I I oc a II III u L u„;a L uo u i Strategy Jani,wiy arage'78 578 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Population under 5 Population over 65 Jurisdiction years of age(%) years of age(%) Islamorada 4% 30% Key Colony Beach 0% 55% Key West 5% 21% Layton 4% 36% Marathon 5% 21% Unincorporated Monroe County 4% 26% Monroe County Total 4% 24% Source:U.S.Census Bureau,American Community Survey 2019-2023 5-year estimates PnOPE177 Extreme heat is unlikely to cause significant damages to the built environment. However,road surfaces can be damaged as asphalt softens,and concrete sections may buckle under expansion caused by heat. Train rails may also distort or buckle under the stress of head induced expansion.Power transmission lines may sag from expansion and if contact is made with vegetation the line may short out causing power outages. Additional power demand for cooling also increases power line temperature adding to heat impacts. ENVIRONMEW Wild animals are vulnerable to heat disorders like humans, including mortality. Vegetation growth will be stunted, or plants may be killed if temperatures rise above their tolerance extremes. Table 4.18 summarizes the potential negative consequences of extreme heat. clllh Mlle 4 Is....1 011111sequellllice AnWlysls IIIIII xtuumeuu°,ulie Illh pleat Category Consequences Public Extreme heat may cause illness and/or death. Responders Consequences may be greater for responders if their work requires exertion and/or wearing heavy protective gear. Continuity of Operations Continuity of operations is not expected to be impacted by extreme heat (including Continued because warning time for these events is long. Delivery of Services) Property, Facilities and Minor impacts may occur,including possible damages to road surfaces Infrastructure and power lines. Environment Environmental impacts include strain on local plant and wildlife,including potential for illness or death. Economic Condition of Farmers may face crop losses or increased livestock costs. the Jurisdiction Public Confidence in the Extreme heat is unlikely to impact public confidence. Jurisdiction's Governance couu,w, a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily :rage'/9 579 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT SS„.. II I..IICIIIIIII IL.. II°°°°°III L.,. Natural hazards are often interconnected.Any given hazard may lead to,or be spurred by,another hazard —sometimes referred to as cascading disasters. Extreme heat may be associated with drought and wildfire. Ih°°III I' III II` II'::', III......... L... IGII" ..1.. More intensive development can increase the urban heat island effect—where the concentration of structures,infrastructure,and human activity traps and stores heat resulting in localized"heat islands." Information is not available on the extent to which impervious surface coverage has changed since the adoption of the previous hazard mitigation plan. G 'IG G" III'i IL...III M S'lll.. I Ih: IIM III Populations most vulnerable to the effects of excessive heat are children under the age of 5 and those over the age of 65. Key Colony Beach and Layton have more than a third of their population in the 65 and above category.Key west has over 5%of its population in the under 5 category. The county and participating jurisdictions may want to consider identifying community spaces that can serve as cooling centers and publicize those spaces in advance of forecasted extreme heat. I G;I" II" I" G? III'i J U G II II'::', II TII0II''^h°°°°III �II'::' The following table summarizes extreme heat hazard risk by jurisdiction.Extreme heat risk does not vary significantly by jurisdiction. Spatial Warning Jurisdiction Probability Impact Extent Time Duration Score Priority Key Colony 3 2 4 1 3 2.7 M Beach Key West 3 2 4 1 3 2.7 M Layton 3 2 4 1 3 2.7 M Marathon 3 2 4 1 3 2.7 M Islamorada 1 3 2 4 1 3 1 2.7 M Unincorporated 3 2 4 1 3 2.7 M Monroe County coi.du„iw, a u., a„� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 580 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Highly Flood Critical Large 6 to 12 hours Less than 1 week Likely .......... Flooding is defined by the rising and overflowing of water onto normally dry land. As defined by FEMA, a flood is a general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of two or more acres of normally dry land area or of two or more properties. Flooding can result from an overflow of inland waters or an unusual accumulation or runoff of surface waters from any source. Flooding causes more damage in the United States than any other severe weather related event,an average of$5 billion a year. Approximately 90 percent of presidentially declared disasters result from flood-related natural hazard events. Taken as a whole,more frequent,localized flooding problems that do not meet federal disaster declaration thresholds ultimately cause the majority of damages across the United States. SOURCES AND 7 YPES OF F1..4 0DI Per the 2005 Flood Insurance Study(FIS),flooding results mainly from storm surge flooding in the areas of the county bordering the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico when tidal surges,wave action, and heavy rainfall combine. The general topography of Monroe County is extremely flat,with natural elevations of 4 to 7 feet above mean sea level. Shallow slopes and the generally low-lying nature of the keys makes the County vulnerable to flooding during coastal events and heavy rains. Some rainfall in the area runs off into the surrounding seas and other rainfall that is caught in closed basins can drain relatively quickly into underlying coral rock and limestone soils that have high infiltration rates. However,there are still instances of rainfall flooding that does not runoff or drain quickly,causing water to accumulate in ponded areas. Additionally,there are approximately 170 miles of canals in the Florida Keys. Mismanagement and improper cleaning of these canals also causes flooding from heavy rains,hurricanes,and tidal systems. Coastal Tidal Flooding: All lands bordering the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts are susceptible to tidal effects and flooding. Coastal land such as sand bars,barrier islands and deltas provide a buffer zone to help protect human life and real property relative to the sea much as flood plains provide a buffer zone along rivers and other bodies of water. Coastal floods usually occur because of abnormally high tides or tidal waves, storm surge and heavy rains in combination with high tides,tropical storms and hurricanes. Shallow Ponding: Because much of the County is flat,whatever rainfall doesn't flow from an area tends to pond and percolate into the ground,causing water tables to rise during the wet season and periods of extended rainfall and reducing the capacity for soil storage and infiltration. Flash or Rapid Flooding: A flash flood occurs when water levels rise at an extremely fast rate as a result of intense rainfall over a brief period,possibly from slow-moving intense thunderstorms and sometimes combined with saturated soil, or impermeable surfaces. Flash flooding can happen in Special Flood Hazard Areas(SFHAs)as delineated by the National Flood Insurance Program(NFIP)and can also happen in areas not associated with floodplains. Flash flood hazards caused by surface water runoff are most common in urbanized areas,where greater population density generally equates to more impervious surface(e.g.,pavement and buildings)which increases the amount of surface water generated. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage 811 581 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Flash flooding is a dangerous form of flooding which can reach full peak in only a few minutes. Rapid onset allows little or no time for protective measures. Flash flood waters move at very fast speeds and can move boulders,tear out trees, scour channels, destroy buildings,and obliterate bridges. Flash flooding can result in higher loss of life,both human and animal,than slower developing river and stream flooding. Localized/Stormwater Flooding: Localized stormwater flooding can occur in Monroe County. Localized stormwater flooding occurs when heavy rainfall and an accumulation of runoff overburden the stormwater drainage system. The cause of localized stormwater flooding in Monroe County can be attributed to its generally flat topography,among other factors. Localized flooding may be caused by the following issues: — Inadequate Capacity—An undersized/under capacity pipe system can cause water to back-up behind a structure which can lead to areas of ponded water and/or overtopping of banks. — Clogged Inlets—Debris covering the asphalt apron and the top of grate at catch basin inlets may contribute to an inadequate flow of stormwater into the system. Debris within the basin itself may also reduce the efficiency of the system by reducing the carrying capacity. — Blocked Drainage Outfalls—Debris blockage or structural damage at drainage outfalls may prevent the system from discharging runoff,which may lead to a back-up of stormwater within the system. — Improper Grade—Poorly graded asphalt around catch basin inlets may prevent stormwater from entering the catch basin as designed. Areas of settled asphalt may create low spots within the roadway that allow for areas of ponded water. While localized flooding may not be as destructive as coastal flooding,it is a chronic problem. The repetitive damage caused by such flooding can add up. Sewers may back up,yards can be inundated, and homes,businesses and vehicles can be flooded.Drainage and sewer systems not designed to carry the capacity currently needed to handle increased storm runoff can cause water to back into basements and damage mechanical systems. These impacts, and other localized flooding impacts,can create public health and safety concerns. In addition to these different types of flooding,flooding in Monroe County is a factor of the amount and timing of rainfall and the tide cycle elevation. The amount of rainfall occurring in March would not have the same flooding effect if the same amount occurred in September. During the dry season,the water table elevation typically drops to several feet below natural ground elevations. This allows for larger storage volume in the soil,lakes,canals,ditches, and swales. During the wet season,however,the water table elevation is often near the natural ground surface,lakes are filled,and ditches are flowing. The rainfall added to such conditions creates more stormwater runoff. FLOODING AND FLOODPI AIN A floodplain,as shown in Figure 4.7 and Figure 4.8,is flat or nearly flat land adjacent to a stream,river, or body of water that experiences occasional or periodic flooding. In riverine floodplains,it includes the floodway,which consists of the stream channel and adjacent areas that carry flood flows, and the flood fringe,which are areas covered by the flood,but which do not experience a strong current. Floodplains are made when floodwaters exceed the capacity of the main channel or escape the channel by eroding its banks. When this occurs, sediments(including rocks and debris) are deposited that gradually build up over time to create the floor of the floodplain. Floodplains generally contain unconsolidated sediments, often extending below the bed of the stream. In coastal floodplains,zones are distinguished by wave heights. Floodplain boundaries are designated and routinely updated through cooperation between local governments, states and the FEMA. Flood Insurance Study findings are shown on Flood Insurance Rate w 01,1110S . �.ouir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 582 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Maps(FIRMS)and describe various flood hazard zones based on flood height exceedance return periods. Flood hazard zone designations depend on local conditions and map issue dates,but all will show the 100-year or base flood elevation(I-percentannual chance flood),as well as some areas of the 500-year floodplain(0.2-percent annual chance flood). I I guii*tr."'t'. t„ IIIhauu^acteuiis lilcs of a IIII!Uveuu^Boon '' IIIP IIIIzliuuu� Characteristics of a Floli' Mood'jdin Float Frrrrc Flaaoar Frrr7e Norm,al '�, VVVyyy Source: I FIIP Guidebook.FFMA In coastal areas,flood hazards typically include the added risk of wave action delineated by the VE Zone and Coastal AE Zone.Wave height and intensity decreases as floodwaters move inland. Figure 4.8 shows the typical coastal floodplain and the breakdown of flood zones in these settings.These flood zones are discussed further in Table 4.19 III IIguauume INA t„ IIIhauumaeteuu^Rustics of a t„oaetdl IIII amr mttllll' IIIIaliuuuri f da i rt " w; W w tre#4, IS ft 1SWoMweheight a: Piro r*dy ate ate ImAk n i$FF vI�N:�Y�dtng,�.,. wave offocts UOi /i6 100 year°sfwu afar Datum ,,,,�ar�iiii�rrririr/iari/ �r,��iJ���%�������� ne ftd tM Sir arrfl n# Srrrfd Na rr lr SrriPdIngo, overland Vegetated t Irnuit of SFHA wind fetch region Source:FEMA 011°,1110 S w.,, I"yi.sllLii..ni.du u..wyiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani.wiy 583 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT In its common usage,the floodplain most often refers to that area that is inundated by the"100-year flood,"which is the flood that has a 1 percent chance in any given year of being equaled or exceeded. The 500-year flood is the flood that has a 0.2 percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year. The potential for flooding can change and increase through various land use changes and changes to land surface,which result in a change to the floodplain. A change in environment can create localized flooding problems inside and outside of natural floodplains by altering or confining natural drainage channels. These changes are most often created by human activity. The 1-percent-annual-chance flood,which is the minimum standard used by most federal and state agencies,is used by the National Flood Insurance Program(NFIP)as the standard for floodplain management and to determine the need for flood insurance. Participation in the NFIP requires adoption and enforcement of a local floodplain management ordinance which is intended to prevent unsafe development in the floodplain,thereby reducing future flood damages. Participation in the NFIP allows for the federal government to make flood insurance available within the community as a financial protection against flood losses. Since floods have an annual probability of occurrence,have a known magnitude,depth and velocity for each event,and in most cases,have a map indicating where they will likely occur,they are in many ways often the most predictable and manageable hazard. Warning Time: 3—6 to 12 hours Duration: 3—Less than I week L...00A I II 0 II''^ Regulated floodplains are illustrated on FIRMS,which are the official maps for a community on which FEMA has delineated both the Special Flood Hazard Areas(SFHAs)and the risk premium zones applicable to the community. SFHAs represent the areas subject to inundation by the 1-percent-annual- chance flood event. Table 4.19 summarizes the flood insurance zones identified by the Digital FIRMS (DFIRMs).4.19 reflects the effective mapped flood insurance zones for Monroe County and Figure 4.10 shows the mapped preliminary DFIRM.Maps for each participating jurisdiction are provided in the jurisdictional annexes. Flooding can occur anywhere in Monroe County.Flood risk is not limited to the 1%-annual-chance floodplain. Il c,)l lW 11,19 Ilycllll' IIII' ry IIII!!!Ilood Ill liiisuiraiiicc' Pouuiuc wlV^ifiii III ouuiul°'cuet„owility Zone Description Also known as the coastal high hazard areas.They are areas subject to high velocity water including waves;they are defined by the 1%annual chance(base)flood limits VE (also known as the 100-year flood)and wave effects 3 feet or greater.The hazard zone is mapped with base flood elevations(BFEs)that reflect the combined influence of stillwater flood elevations,primary frontal dunes,and wave effects 3 feet or greater. AE Zones,also within the 100-year flood limits,are defined with BFEs that reflect the combined influence of stillwater flood elevations and wave effects less than 3 feet.The AE Zone generally extends from the landward VE zone limit to the limits of the 100-year flood from coastal sources,or until it reaches the confluence with riverine flood sources. AE The AE Zones also depict the SFHA due to riverine flood sources, but instead of being subdivided into separate zones of differing BFEs with possible wave effects added,they represent the flood profile determined by hydrologic and hydraulic investigations and have no wave effects.The Coastal AE Zone is differentiated from the AE Zone by the Limit of Moderate Wave Action (LiMWA)and includes areas susceptible to wave action between 1.5 to 3 feet. coi.du„iwy a u., a„� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I1'.3age I34 584 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Zone Description Areas subject to inundation by 1-percent-annual-chance shallow flooding (usually sheet flow on sloping terrain)where average depths are between one and three feet.Average AO flood depths derived from detailed hydraulic analyses are shown in this zone. Mandatory flood insurance purchase requirements and floodplain management standards apply. Moderate risk areas within the 0.2-percent-annual-chance floodplain,areas of 1- 0.2%Annual percent-annual-chance flooding where average depths are less than 1 foot,areas of 1- Chance percent-annual-chance flooding where the contributing drainage area is less than 1 (Shaded Zone square mile,and areas protected from the 1-percent-annual-chance flood by a levee. No X) BFEs or base flood depths are shown within these zones.(Zone X(shaded) is used on new and revised maps in place of Zone B.) Minimal risk areas outside the 1-percent and.2-percent-annual-chance floodplains. No Zone X BFEs or base flood depths are shown within these zones.Zone X(unshaded)is used on (Unshaded) new and revised maps in place of Zone C. couu,wy u'u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 585 cc co to t L t 14u�97mw+� s Io- 1111110 y" m ppNll N Dory �Pv. °w p ,0 �340 VI � 11Ck ,,.III i'�plUuu W Lo W 1�, V U V V I 0 CI,H v c C = I o ;.R i,u Ill�lm a o o a ry cvl tV N c� Z LO � Q� CU ti co 11R% I� II� IIIII��� IIIIIII�I all � imcl �� Z m 40 W q all"eV,ail 4 TTo 12,1„ III � C o III c G c III U � 1 11 L Z III N N ww�mw N N N CJ � I k'1 e,•y W mw I H 1161III k SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Further,the LMSWG and the previous LMS plan identified the following areas more vulnerable to coastal flooding and/or pooling of rainfall flooding from heavy rains. Locations along Highway: — MM 109 in the Upper Keys. — MM 106,Lake Surprise Area; vulnerable to the effects of wind driven wave run-up from ENE and W/SW directions;heavy rainfall results in ponding. — MM 111,the exposed beach area along the 17-mile stretch bordering Barnes Sound,experiences wave runup or"piling"with strong E and NE winds. — MM 113,the Point Laura Marina Area,borders Barnes Sound and is susceptible to strong E and NE winds. — MM 73.5-74.5,the Lower Matecumbe area known as"Sea Oats Beach,"vulnerable to NE/E/SE wind driven wave run-up. — MM 30-32,Big Pine Key;the area north of the Big Pine Plaza Shopping Center encompassing Wilder Road and Key Deer Boulevard,while not normally vulnerable to storm surge effects, experience rainfall ponding. — MM 9-10,Big Coppitt Key,Bayside,experience wind-generated wave run-up. These areas of repetitive flooding may impact evacuation routes during an extended rainfall or wind- driven flood event. Spatial Extent: 4—Large AREAS LIKEL 7(� FLOOD/ 7 I IE FU7 URA" Based on this assessment of the locations vulnerable to current flooding and potential changes to flood conditions discussed under the Climate Change and Changes in Development sections below,the following locations were identified as areas that are likely to flood in the future: — Special Flood Hazard Areas and 0.2%annual-chance floodplains: According to both the effective and preliminary FIRMS,about 94 percent of Monroe County is located within the SFHA,and between 0.1 and 0.2 percent of the county is located within the 0.2%annual-chance floodplain. These areas are at high risk of future flooding.While new development and redevelopment is limited,changes in floodplain development and future development within the watershed in general as well as climate change-driven changes in rainfall probabilities and intensities could increase the size of the SFHAs and/or the depth of flooding in these areas in the future. — Localized stormwater flooding areas: It is highly likely that areas without stormwater drainage infrastructure or with undersized or underperforming drainage infrastructure will continue to experience localized flooding problems. Specific problem locations are listed above. Areas with vacant land that may be developed and converted into impervious surface area may be more likely to flood in the future if steps are not taken to mitigate the impacts of development. — Repetitive loss areas: Many repetitive losses can be attributed to coastal flooding and storm surge events which may become more severe due to sea level rise. Therefore,it is very likely that unmitigated repetitive loss properties will continue to flood in the future. Repetitive loss counts are detailed later in this section and areas vulnerable to storm surge are detailed in Section 4.5.7. — Areas vulnerable to sea level rise: Sea level rise will increase vulnerability to high tide flooding and coastal flooding and can even increase stormwater flooding if drainage outfalls are impeded by higher water levels.Areas directly vulnerable to sea level rise are detailed in Section 4.5.5. These areas are likely to flood in the future. w 01,1110S . �.ouir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily 3rarge 81!3 588 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT IICIIIIIII�..(..IICIIIIIII II°" ..(.. Flood extent can be defined by the amount of land in the floodplain and the potential magnitude of flooding as measured by flood height and velocity. FEMA Flood Insurance Studies define the probability of flooding by flood events of a magnitude which are expected to be equaled or exceeded once on the average during a specific time period,or recurrence interval. Per this assessment,approximately 99 percent of Monroe County falls within the SFHA,an additional 5.2 percent of the County area is open water. Therefore,effectively 99 percent of the county's land area(not classified as open water)is within the SFHA. Table 4.20 provides a summary of the County's total area by flood zone on the 2005 effective DFIRM and a comparison to flood zone acreage on the preliminary DFIRM(released in December 2019). Changes from the effective DFIRM include over 62,000 acres of land no longer in the AE zone,over 44,000 acres now classified in the A zone,which was previously not included in the County's flood maps,and over 18,000 acres now classified as VE.Additionally,the preliminary maps represent an 79%increase in acreage in the 0.2% annual chance flood zone. Figure 4.11 shows the depth of flooding predicted from a 1%annual chance flood. Details on individual jurisdiction's flood zone acreage are available in the jurisdictional annexes. II cllll'�lllle 6,20 III llood't''oul°wo Acireage lioouili III ouuiuu^oe(ocuui't'y Effective DFIRM(2005) Preliminary DFIRM(2019) Change from Acreage Percent of Acreage Percent of Effective Flood Zone Total(%) Total(%) (acres) A 0.0 0% 44,683.8 5.1% 44,683.8 AE 630,059.3 71.9% 567,352.5 64.7% -62,706.8 AO 3.5 0.0% 19.1 0.0% 15.6 VE 198,089.7 1 22.6% 216,144.0 24.7% 18,054.3 0.2%Annual Chance 1,195.8 0.1% 2,141.4 0.2% 945.6 Flood Hazard (Shaded X) Unshaded X 1,556.9 0.2% 849.3 0.1% -707.6 Open Water 45,809.2 5.2% 45,524.3 5.2% -284.9 Total 876,714.4 -- 1 876,714.4 -- 0.0 SFHA Total 1828,152.5 94% 1 828,199.4 1 94% 46.9 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM,Preliminary DFIRM Note: The differences between the effective FIRM and the preliminary FIRM are significant and will likely still change. These details are provided here only as a comparison—all further flood analysis is based in the 2005 Effective DFIRM. couir,wu^,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wi. ����� :rage 89 589 O CD a P4 3$I''H c r;,w'ro 11R% V lie to rS✓ 0 rry Q s � �7 I � 7s dJ I i M I � H t" Z II a N mll WQ To mII 46, y p (�P W 7 mew �, Jr Z �, . u III aLO 0 CU m,,,'k H 1 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Almost the entire planning area is within areas of high flood risk,as defined by the SFHA on FEMA's 2005 Flood Insurance Rate Maps as vulnerable to the 1-percent-annual-chance flood event. However, while the 1-percent-annual-chance flood is the basis for floodplain management under the NFIP,that does not mean that properties outside the SFHA are not at risk of flooding.Floods of other magnitudes may occur. The remainder of the planning areas is subject to moderate and low flood risk. Low risk is not no risk; areas outside the SFHA may still be flooded by heavy rain events and/or more severe coastal floods. Impact: 3—Critical h°°III II ..1.. IG G"III Table 4.21 details the historical occurrences of flooding identified from 2000 through 2024 by NCEI Storm Events database. It should be noted that only those historical occurrences listed in the NCEI database are shown here. Other,unrecorded or unreported events may have occurred within the planning area during this timeframe.Further,while storm surge events are the dominant cause of flooding in the County,they will be considered and detailed in the Tropical Cyclones Section 4.5.5. Wl,)h lW 16,21 „'IIIIIIIIII' I1!ocouumdsof III I'Ibodlilllllii ,2000 2024 Type Event Count Deaths/injuries Reported Property Damage Coastal Flood 14 0/0 $100,000 Flood 24 0/0 $56,000 Heavy Rain 11 0/0 $0 Flash Flood - - - Total 149 0/0 J$156,000 Source:NCEI Note:No flash flood events were recorded in the NCEI database According to NCEI,49 recorded flood events affected the planning area from 2000 to 2024 causing an estimated$156,000 in property damage,with no fatalities,injuries,or crop damage.Note that damage numbers reported here are only those reported by NCEI,which does not include insurance damage estimates; actual damages due to flood in County are likely higher. To supplement the data from NCEI,the following table summarizes the number and dollar value of NFIP claims paid in Monroe County by year.Note that these claims also include those made for flooding due to hurricanes. alllh llllo 6,21 IIII'IIII (:lWlilul°os IIII")ata llhjy oallllm,III (:0wilty Year Number of Claims Total Value of Claims 2000 23 $63,213.40 2001 34 $183,507.10 2002 5 $1,740.23 2003 5 $5,607.30 2004 25 $66,398.20 2005 9,186 $335,370,185.90 2006 22 $153,652.80 2007 7 $24,196.80 2008 44 $395,397.10 2009 7 $74,009.10 2010 17 $121,885.81 2011 41 $325,979.97 coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioi4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jaiwi,my )rage 9'll 591 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Year Number of Claims Total Value of Claims 2012 18 $55,824.92 2013 14 $23,9402.23 2014 13 $224,458.63 2015 6 $48,734.98 2016 3 $8,950.04 2017 8,190 $290,459,534.30 2018 8 $0 2019 7 $4,025.38 2020 77 $1,193,608.10 2021 3 $22,574.00 2022 570 $28,391,407.08 2023 30 $706,708.91 2024 21 $210,307.03 2025 9 $168,863.82 Total 118,385 $658,520,173.13 Source:NFIP Claims Data,accessed April 2025 The following event narratives are provided in the NCEI Storm Events Database and illustrate the impacts of flood events on the county: February 12,2007—A line of thunderstorms developed along a developing warm front in the Florida Straits. Several thunderstorm cells tracked northeast across Duck Key and Long Key,producing very heavy rainfall and minor flooding.A Long Key State Park, 5.38 inches of rain were observed in two hours,with a final storm total rainfall of 9 inches. State Park Rangers reported 6 campsites were washed out and a park road was flooded. There were also reports of a flooded parking lot at the Layton Post Office. 5.6 inches of rain were reported in Duck Key. August 18,2008—Tropical Storm Fay moved through the Lower Florida Keys during the evening of August 18,2008,producing tropical storm force winds and heavy rainfall.Rainfall produced widespread street flooding in Key West. This flooding caused a small section of the tarmac at the Key West international airport to collapse. In total,rainfall amount of 3.5 to 4.0 inches were reported in the Key West area,up to 7.27 inches in Marathon, and 7.05 inches in Ramrod Key,resulting in temporary street and low area flooding. September 29,2010-Thunderstorms focused along a convergence zone indirectly related to Tropical Storm Nicole produced heavy rainfall and extensive street flooding over Lower and Upper Matecumbe Keys within the Village of Islamorada. Water entered one home on Lower Matecumbe Key,causing one family to be temporarily displaced. October 17,2011—Persistent showers and thunderstorms moved across the extreme Lower Florida Keys due to lower pressure over the Yucatan Peninsula. Street flooding of 3 to 4 feet deep was reported at the corners of White and Eaton Streets and Caroline and Margaret Streets in Old Town Key West,as well as at Donald and 20th Streets in New Town Key West. Several cars were stranded due to street flooding along South Roosevelt Boulevard between the Overseas Highway and Flagler Avenue,as well as near 1 st Street and North Roosevelt Boulevard. Isolated low elevation home flooding was observed in Mid Town Key West along Fogarty Avenue. October 19,2011 -A low pressure system in the eastern Gulf of Mexico assisted in the formation of three separate squall lines,which moved east through the Florida Keys and surrounding coastal waters from the evening of October 18th through morning of October 19th. Widespread gale-force wind gusts IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily 592 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT and street flooding occurred across the Lower and Middle Florida Keys,along with a damaging waterspout across the Anchorage at Key West Harbor.Flooding was observed at Sigsbee Park at Dredgers Key in Key West,as well as up to three feet deep at the Stadium Apartments in New Town Key West. Flooding of side streets up to two feet was observed in Marathon. May 2,2013—Thunderstorms developed in cyclic fashion over Key West and adjacent nearshore waters over a duration of three hours,producing widespread street flooding and flooding to businesses along the lower elevations of Key West. Flooding was reported in the Old Town Historic District of Key West, including up to two feet of flood depth at the corner of Front and Simonton Streets, at Duval and Greene Streets,and at the corner of White and Eaton Streets and up to three feet in depth at Duval and Front Streets. Up to 7 inches of rain was measured at the Key West Wastewater Treatment Plant on the south end of Fleming Key. Several businesses had water inundation to around 6 inches in depth. Significant flooding was observed on Patterson Street in Mid-Town Key West,causing a commercial-sized dumpster to float down the street.Further flooding included inundation of two and a half feet along Thompson and George Streets, and up to one foot in depth at the corner of Jose Marti Drive and North Roosevelt Boulevard. A retention and floodwater staging pond overflowed due to blocked drainage culverts leading to the Gulf of Mexico under North Roosevelt Boulevard. Street flooding up to two feet in depth was also observed along South Roosevelt Boulevard between Flagler Avenue and the Overseas Highway. September 21,2015-Minor coastal flooding occurred in a few Florida Bayside neighborhoods in North Key Largo, due mostly to persistent large northeast fetch occurring offshore the southeast U.S. Coast. Due to the very small diurnal tidal range of 2 to 3 inches in the far eastern end of Florida Bay and Blackwater Sound. Continuous coastal flooding of streets began approximately 17:00 EST on September 21st in the area of Adams and Shaw Drive in North Key Largo's bayside,gradually expanding to adjacent streets throughout the Blackwater Sound and Sexton Cove shorelines. While no homes or businesses were flooded,the depth of water reached as high as 0.8 feet by September 30th,with a couple streets becoming impassable to small vehicles. The flooding was confirmed by Monroe County Emergency Management and Key Largo Fire Rescue. October 5,2017-Abnormally high spring tides occurred throughout the Florida Keys as result of seasonal autumn King Tides and prolonged strong northeast to east winds. Coastal Flooding with saltwater depth 3 to 6 inches above street level observed at the corner of Truman Avenue and North Roosevelt Boulevard in Key West.U.S. Coast Guard and National Weather Service personnel confirmed further coastal flooding in the Upper Florida Keys,with saltwater depth 6 to 8 inches above streets on the oceanside of Rock Harbor,and minor flooding of the U.S. Highway 1 northbound lane at Sea Oats Beach, Lower Matecumbe Key,near Mile Marker 74.5. Coastal Flooding was also confirmed along West Ocean Drive in Key Colony Beach,with saltwater depth 6 inches over the road. Coastal flooding of near 1 foot in depth was observed near Sombrero Beach in Marathon. December 12,2018—A strong extratropical cyclone moving northeast over the Gulf of Mexico pushed a cold front through the Florida Keys. Strong west winds overspread the Florida Keys and Florida Bay, causing water levels to rise quickly.Water levels along several Florida Bay neighborhoods from near Mile Marker 100 through 106 off the Overseas Highway reported flooding of yards,docks,and streets generally from 6 to 18 inches in depth. Several ground-floor slab homes had flooding of attached porches, with water levels nearly entering the homes. May 10,2020—Thunderstorms developed in the early morning hours just north of a stationary front extending west-to-east across the Straits of Florida. Heavy rainfall produced widespread flooding on Long Key including the City of Layton. Secondary roads and parking lots were flooded through most portions of the City of Layton. Rainfall more than 4 inches was estimated by radar. June 4,2022—Rainfall from the early morning hours of June 3rd through the afternoon of June 4th totaled generally 6 to 11 inches in the upper Florida Keys,from 5.5 to 8.5 inches in the middle Florida couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 593 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Keys, and 3 to 6 inches in the lower Florida Keys. Isolated flood damages occurred in the upper Florida Keys where rainfall was heaviest. Localized street flooding was observed in several neighborhoods in the Key Largo through Tavernier areas of the upper Florida Keys. In addition, a few boats on lifts with drain plugs left in were damaged or dropped into local canals due to the weight of accumulated rainfall onboard. November 15,2023—Strong low pressure over the eastern Gulf of Mexico resulted in a slow-moving pre-frontal trough focusing heavy convective rainfall over portions of the middle and upper Florida Keys. Heavy rainfall estimated by radar of 5 to 8 inches produced extensive poor drainage area flooding across Marathon and Key Colony Beach,with some streets with one to two feet depth of water. Several motor vehicles stalled due to flooding. December 17,2023—Bands of showers moved across the region on the 16th and early on the 17th, producing wind gusts up to 50-60 mph over the waters.Due to the prolonged period of gusty gradient winds and convective gusts,it led to a spike in high tides,which created coastal flooding in Palm Beach and Flamingo during the local high tides. The National Park Service reported coastal flooding that inundated the campgrounds,housing area,and maintenance areas around Flamingo. Eleven vehicles had water intrusion, and one required a tow truck.Four trailer pads closest to the shoreline had the concession resident trailers damaged,including one RV with heavy damage. August 20,2024—Higher than normal water levels occurred in late August due to the full moon cycle,or king tides,across the Gulf coast of South Florida.Minor coastal flooding was possible during high tide with the peak height. An Everglades National Park ranger reported minor saltwater flooding in Flamingo, on the flood-prone campground adjacent to the water,during the high tide cycles. Standing water was less than one foot on the road at the Flamingo Campground. The Monroe County LMSWG also noted the importance of the following event: November 11-12, 1980: The"Veteran's Day Storm"resulted from the influence of a stalled cold front and Tropical Storm Jeanne that was over Cuba. In total,these combined systems produced 23 inches of rain in 24 hours. Even though much of the water was running off into the surrounding seas,the event resulted in widespread flooding especially in streets and low-lying areas. Weather Service reports indicated that 300 vehicles and 500 buildings were seriously damaged,resulting in$1 million in property damage,primarily in Key West. G IG? III'i i II IL...IL.I SIC........ IC........ .... By definition the SFHAs are defined as those areas that will be inundated by the flood event having a 1- percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year. Properties located in these areas have a 26 percent chance of flooding over the life of a 30-year mortgage. The shaded X Zone indicates areas that are estimated to be inundated by the flood event having a 0.2-percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year. The SFHA and the Shaded X Zone indicate areas of high and moderate risk according to FEMA guidelines;however,this does not mean that flood risk is limited to these areas. There is also potential for other magnitudes of flood events to impact these and other areas in the region. While exposure to flood hazards vary across jurisdictions, all jurisdictions have high risk flood hazard areas, and the entire county faces some level of flood risk.Additionally,there is risk of localized and stormwater flooding as well as severe wind-driven surge in areas outside the SFHA. Based on these considerations as well as the 49 flood-related events recorded by NCEI over the last 24 years,the probability of flooding is considered highly likely(100%annual probability)for all jurisdictions. Probability: 4—Highly Likely couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily I13acpe 9411 594 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT IL.......II II" II°°°°°III II" IICIIIIIII The potential for flooding can change and increase.Various land use changes and changes to land surface can result in changes to the floodplain and flood prone areas. For example,an increase in impervious surface can create localized flooding problems inside and outside of natural floodplains by altering or confining natural drainage channels. These changes are often created by human activity.However, changes in precipitation frequency and intensity can also result in changes to flood magnitudes and probabilities. For example,what we currently define as the 1-percent-annual-chance flood may occur more frequently in the future. Per the Fourth National Climate Assessment,frequency and intensity of heavy precipitation events is expected to increase across the country.More specifically,it is"very likely"(90-100%probability)that most areas of the United States will exhibit an increase of at least 5%in the maximum 5-day precipitation by late 21 st century.Additionally,increases in precipitation totals are expected in the Southeast. Climate change will increase people's exposure to coastal flooding and likely cause an increase in inland flooding in the Monroe County region.Higher ocean temperatures will lead to more intense storms. As temperatures increase so does evaporation,producing greater rainfall intensity.A warmer atmosphere can hold more moisture,which can result in heavier,longer-lasting rainfall events. The increase in rainfall means effects of a storm can be felt miles away and far inland. Additionally,the speed at which tropical cyclones move,is expected to slow,meaning longer periods of storm-related rainfall will occur potentially causing disastrous inland flooding. As the intensity of coastal storms increase, coastal communities may experience higher levels of surge and more intense impacts from flooding. Surge depths will be higher as sea levels rise, expanding the boundary of coastal flood areas and impacting more communities along the coast. IL...II'" III.........G G i II IL...II"'I Y Y ASSSS M ` ..1.. ME"7""I°°10DOLOGIE t AND ASSUMP7IONS WSP conducted a Level 2 Hazus Flood Simulation by leveraging the 1%-annual-chance flood boundaries from the effective FEMA Flood Insurance Study dated 02/18/2005. Base Flood Elevations were converted to a depth raster using LiDAR topography obtained from USGS. WSP also leveraged the 2024 parcel data provided by Monroe County and building footprints for the loss determination. Parcels that were potentially at risk of flooding from the 1%-annual-chance flood zone were selected for analysis. Only areas that were contained within the extent of available LiDAR, and by extension the depth grid, were analyzed. This accounted for 99.9%of all structures in the SFHA. Losses were derived in Hazus using USACE depth damage functions, shown in Table 4.23. Flood damage is directly related to the depth of flooding by the application of a depth damage curve. In applying the curve, a specific depth of water translates to a specific percentage of damage to the structure, which translates to the same percentage of the structure's replacement value. Figure 4.11 depicts the depth of flooding that can be expected within the Monroe County planning area during the 1%-annual- chance flood event. elllh Mlle ' :P' III JIIP't'l i IIII"teuu°,ul age IIII')euu^eeuuirta es Percent Damaged Depth ( Agricultural Commercial Education Government Industrial Religious Residential 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 18 1 6 9 5 5 10 10 22 2 11 14 7 8 12 11 25 coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioi4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jaiv,wiy I13acpe �5 595 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Percent Damaged(%) Depth Agricultural Commercial Education Government Industrial Religious Residential (ft) 3 15 16 9 13 15 11 28 4 19 18 9 14 19 12 30 5 25 20 10 14 22 12 31 6 30 23 11 15 26 13 40 7 35 26 13 17 30 14 43 8 41 30 15 19 35 14 43 9 46 34 17 22 29 15 45 10 51 38 20 26 42 17 46 11 57 42 24 31 48 19 47 12 63 47 28 37 50 24 47 13 70 51 33 44 51 30 49 14 75 55 39 51 53 38 50 15 79 58 45 59 54 45 50 16 82 61 52 65 55 52 50 17 84 64 59 70 55 58 51 18 87 67 64 74 56 64 51 19 89 69 69 79 56 69 52 20 90 71 74 83 57 74 52 21 92 74 79 87 57 78 53 22 93 76 84 91 57 82 53 23 95 78 89 95 58 85 54 24 96 80 94 98 58 88 54 Source:Hazus Building foundation types were not available in the parcel or building data provided by Monroe County but are required for Hazus. Therefore,based on local knowledge and experience,WSP made the assumption that 40%of the foundations in Monroe County are elevated,25%are crawl space, and 35% are slab on grade. Loss numbers are based on improved parcel values listed in the 2024 parcel data from Monroe County. Parcels with values greater than or equal to$5,000 are considered improved parcels.Parcels with building values less than$5,000 but with building footprint of single structure greater than 600sgft within boundary are considered improved parcels.All parcels with building values less than $5,000 and no building footprint or no single building footprint greater than 600sgft are considered unimproved parcels. Content value estimations are based on Hazus methodologies of estimating value as a percent of improved structure values by property type. Table 4.24 shows the breakdown of the different property types and their estimated content replacement value percentages. alllhllllc42 ....touuirtouuirt IIII'actauums Property Type Content Replacement Values Residential 50% Commercial 100% Educational 100% Government 100% Religious 100% Industrial/Agriculture 150% Source: Hazus coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLua-)u i Str3tegy jani,wily arage 96 596 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT PEOPLE L N IIIIIIIC.A IL..IL IL II &I II'II'''''°"'IC' Flood events pose many threats to public health and safety.While such problems are often not reported, three general types of health hazards accompany floods: physical hazards from the water itself, environmental hazards in the aftermath of the flood,and long-term psychological hazards. These common health and safety hazards are detailed below: — Contaminated water: Floodwaters carry anything that was on the ground that the upstream runoff picked up,including dirt,oil,animal waste,and lawn,farm and industrial chemicals. Pastures and areas where farm animals are kept or where their wastes are stored can contribute polluted waters to the receiving streams. Floodwaters also saturate the ground,which leads to infiltration into sanitary sewer lines,or wastewater treatment plants may be flooded or over loaded.When wastewater treatment plants are flooded,there is nowhere for the sewage to flow. Infiltration and lack of treatment can lead to overloaded sewer lines that can back up into low-lying areas and homes. Even when it is diluted by flood waters,raw sewage can be a breeding ground for bacteria such as E.coli and other disease causing agents.Private sewer and septic systems may also introduce pollutants into floodwaters.Private wells may become contaminated through infiltration of polluted water. Given the many potential sources of contamination,direct or indirect contact with floodwaters poses a significant health risk for contraction of infectious disease. — Debris: During a flood, debris carried by floodwaters can cause physical injury from impact. During the recovery process,people may often need to clear debris out of their properties but may encounter dangers such as sharp materials or rusty nails that pose a risk of tetanus. — Unsafe food: If floodwaters come into contact with food items,that food may no longer be safe for consumption due to the potential contaminants in the floodwaters.Foods stored in cardboard,plastic bags,jars,bottles, and paper packaging may all be subject to contamination. Even if foods don't come into direct contact with floodwaters,the introduction of mold and mildew from flooding may cause foods to spoil faster.Additionally,power outages may cause refrigerated and frozen foods to spoil. — Mosquitos and animals: After most of the water has receded, stagnant pools can become breeding grounds for mosquitoes,which may carry infectious diseases such as West Nile virus or St.Louis encephalitis.Wild animals such as snakes or rodents may carried by floodwaters or lose their habitat and seek shelter in buildings. Snakes may also be swimming in floodwaters seeking higher ground. People may be at risk for bites or disease if they come in contact with these animals or animal carcasses. — Mold and mildew: Areas of a building that were exposed to excessive moisture can breed mold and mildew. Molds can start to grow in only 24 to 48 hours and will continue to grow without steps to dry out and disinfect the affected surface. Some molds are allergens,while others can produce harmful mycotoxins.Exposure to mold can cause respiratory problems;nasal and sinus congestion; eye,nose,and throat irritation; aches and pains; and effects on the nervous system. Infants,children, immunocompromised individuals,elderly adults,pregnant women, and individuals with respiratory conditions are all at higher risk. — Reentering a flooded building: Health hazards may occur when heating ducts in a forced air system are not properly cleaned after inundation. When the furnace or air conditioner is turned on,the sediments left in the ducts are circulated throughout the building and breathed in by the occupants. If the public water systems lose pressure,public water supplies may be contaminated,and a boil order may be issued to protect people and animals from contaminated water. — Mental stress: Long-term psychological impacts can result after having been through a flood and seeing one's home damaged and personal belongings destroyed. The cost and labor needed to repair a flood-damaged home can also put a severe strain on people,especially individuals who were couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy :rage 97 597 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT unprepared and uninsured. There is also a long-term problem for those who know that their homes can be flooded again. The resulting stress on floodplain residents takes its toll in the form of aggravated physical and mental health problems. L..IIIl 1!ii.Syll'll''''''IL'Y Flood waters may prevent access to areas in need of response or to the critical facilities themselves which may prolong response time. See the Property section below for estimates of critical facility vulnerability. The public must understand that they should never drive through flooded streets. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report that over half of flood-related drownings occur when a vehicle is driven into flood water,and the next highest percentage of deaths is due to people walking into or near flood waters. The National Weather Service warns that just 6 inches of fast-moving flood water can knock down an adult, 12 inches can carry away a small car, and 2 feet can carry away most vehicles.When someone drives through floodwaters,they put their life and the lives of first responders at risk.First responders are at risk when attempting to rescue people from floodwaters. They are subject to the same hazards as the public and are more likely to be exposed to these hazards during response efforts. Floods can result in fatalities. Individuals face high risk when driving through flooded streets. According to NCEI records,however,there have been no deaths in Monroe County caused by flood events. An estimate of population at risk to flooding was developed based on the assessment of residential property at risk. Counts of residential buildings at risk were multiplied by a household factor for each jurisdiction,derived from a weighted average of the 2019-2023 American Community Survey's average household size for owner-and renter-occupied housing. The resulting estimates of population at risk are shown in Table 4.25. Overall,approximately 93,541 people live in high-risk flood zones. zlllh llllo 16,25 Ill oul"wllll^oe 1„ouuiiity IIII)oIIY u'lllha't'lillrmllllili at IIII'1!'liuWlcl t'o IIII'IIIw'M c Jurisdiction Residential Buildings at Risk Household Factor Population at Risk Islamorada 4,865 2.17 10,557.05 Key Colony Beach 1,409 1.75 2,465.75 Key West 6,666 2.21 14,731.86 Layton 143 2.29 327.47 Marathon 5,151 2.48 12,774.48 Unincorporated Monroe County 22,515 2.34 52,685.10 Total 40,749 -- 93,541.71 Source: FEMA 2005 Effective FIRM;U.S.Census Bureau 2023 ACS 5-Year Estimates;Monroe County 2024 parcel data Note:The household factor used to approximate population at risk in unincorporated Monroe County is representative of the entire County,not just the unincorporated areas. OPER 7.Y Residential, commercial,and public buildings, as well as critical infrastructure such as transportation, water,energy,and communication systems may be damaged or destroyed by flood waters. Table 4.26 and Table 4.17 detail the estimated losses for the 1%-annual-chance flood event in Monroe County,calculated using the methodology and assumptions described above. The total damage estimate value is based on damages to the total of improved building value and contents value.Land value is not included in any of the loss estimates as generally land is not subject to loss from floods. Detailed tables by jurisdiction are located in individual jurisdictional annexes. Table 4.26 is based on the effective FIRM and Table 4.27 is based on the Preliminary FIRM. couir,wy,a u. u� I" i.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 598 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT aIIbllllo 16.26 II stliuuu°uluatod IIIIII',tcliullllmlliuuuuig IIII°tauu°luruage auuuid t cllll"uto i t Ill oss 91101ir 111' u"udiiivallll 1 Illliauu"uco IIII'llllood,IIIIIIIIII'rllcctlivao Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Countywide Totals Agriculture 1 $535,470 $1,175 $18,807 $19,982 4% Commercial 3,863 $5,840,161,933 $147,082,563 $488,627,142 $635,709,705 11% Educational 47 $58,906,690 $752,780 $4,791,921 $5,544,700 9% Government 1,485 $1,443,150,783 $9,386,268 $57,115,154 $66,501,422 5% Industrial 444 $376,694,386 $3,696,287 $10,985,325 $14,681,612 4% Religious 103 $116,549,732 $570,756 $4,154,455 $4,725,211 4% Residential 40,749 $27,885,853,843 $5,531,368,544 $2,748,219,679 $8,279,588,223 30% Total 46,692 $35,721,852,837 $5,692,858,373 $3,313,912,484 $9,006,770,856 250/0 Source:Hazus alllh llllc r'1"t.........IIIIIIIIIs lilul°smatcd llllll'tsliullldliuuuug llll"tauu°,uln age auuulm '1 cuuulrtcuuulrt llll ass 9roir"11° nuuulu ;allll l Illlulauuulcc llll'Ilbad,llll'uu^cllllliuuu°ulwlilul°weal°d Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Countywide Totals Agriculture 1 $535,470 $17,044 $58,053 $75,097 14% Commercial 4,130 $6,141,640,392 $134,579,885 $446,321,840 $580,901,725 9% Educational 59 $79,082,110 $864,647 $5,425,160 $6,289,807 8% Government 1,489 $1,336,252,324 $6,834,422 $42,218,610 $49,053,032 4% Industrial 447 $382,464,388 $4,089,129 $12,243,880 $16,333,009 4% Religious 124 $135,199,326 $759,210 $5,886,824 $6,646,034 5% Residential 41,455 $28,153,856,315 $5,376,628,663 $2,671,216,394 $8,047,845,056 29% Total 47,705 $36,229,030,325 $5,523,772,999 $3,183,370,760 $8,707,143,760 24% Source:Hazus The loss ratio is the loss estimate divided by the total potential exposure(i.e.,total of improved and contents value for all buildings located within the 100-year floodplain)and displayed as a percentage of loss.FEMA considers loss ratios greater than 10%to be significant and an indicator a community may have more difficulties recovering from a flood. Loss ratios for all participating jurisdictions are at or above 10%. Therefore,in the event of a flood with a magnitude of the 1%-annual-chance event or greater, the planning area would face extreme difficulty in recovery. Even smaller,more probabilistic floods may also result in the county having difficulty recovering.Based on the results using the effective FIRM, estimated loss ratios are greatest in Layton and the unincorporated areas of Monroe County; therefore, these jurisdictions may face the greatest potential impacts from a flood event. Across the planning area there are 388 critical facilities located in the AE zone and 19 facilities located in the VE zone which may be at risk to more severe damages. There are 390 facilities located in the preliminary FIRM's SFHA. Table 4.28 details these critical facilities at risk to flooding by FEMA lifeline based on the effective FIRM and Table 4.29 details results for the preliminary FIRM. There are an additional 19 facilities(effective FIRM)and 43 facilities(preliminary FIRM)in the 0.2%-annual-chance floodplain(Shaded X). couir,wy,a u. u� Ii.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIWLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy :rage 9 599 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT aIIlPsllW 16.28 dual°ouu°,ulnauu of 1„ 1111'tlic:Wll IIII acliolllllilrtles at III'tliusll4r to IIII'Iccd,"11° nIlllivalll(:Iliaiiicc IIIIIIIIII'wouu�rt,IIIIIIIIII'rffcctliuos FEMA Lifeline Critical Facilities by SFHA Zone Total Facilities at Zone AE Zone VE Risk Communications 26 0 26 Energy 23 1 24 Food, Hydration,Shelter 40 2 42 Hazardous Materials 2 0 2 Health and Medical 21 0 21 Safety and Security 70 6 76 Transportation 4 1 5 Water Systems 202 9 211 Total 388 19 407 alllhsllllc 629 dual°ouu°,ulwauu of(:irlilrtliocWl IIII acliolllllilrtles at IIII'flillcl to IIII'Ibod,"11%AniiiuW(:Illiaiiice IIIIIIIIII'ucuu�rt,IIII'�uu^cllllliluu°ulwliluu�auu FEMA Lifeline Critical Facilities by SFHA Zone Total Facilities at Zone A Zone AE Zone AO Zone VE Risk Communications 1 19 0 6 26 Energy 0 22 0 0 22 Food,Hydration,Shelter 0 31 1 3 35 Hazardous Materials 0 1 0 0 1 Health and Medical 0 19 0 0 19 Safety and Security 0 66 0 8 74 Transportation 0 3 1 1 5 Water Systems 0 189 0 19 208 Total 1 350 2 37 390 IIIIIIIIIIIII' flllllllllllll'°"'IIIII'°"IIIII°"'IIIII'°°IIIII I"111 II III A repetitive loss property is a property for which two or more flood insurance claims of more than$1,000 have been paid by the NFIP within any 10-year period since 1978.A severe repetitive loss property is classified as such if it has four or more separate claim payments of more than$5,000 each(including building and contents payments)or two or more separate claim payments(building only)where the total of the payments exceeds the current value of the property. Repetitive loss properties and severe repetitive loss properties are a priority for mitigation because they have a known flood risk and are a drain on the NFIP. According to 2024 NFIP records,there are a total of 1,210 repetitive loss properties within the Monroe County planning area. of which 1,079 are residential and 131 are commercial or non-residential. Only 658 repetitive loss properties, less than 54%of the total in the region,are insured. There are 114 properties on the list classified as severe repetitive loss properties. Table 4.30 summarizes repetitive loss properties by jurisdiction in Monroe County as identified by FEMA through the NFIP. Jurisdictional annexes have general areas where repetitive losses have occurred throughout the community. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily arage'll00 600 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT cIIble r'P 0 III1! IIIP etliltlilly Ill oss Illr)llllvoI eIiiffle�s IllEiy„dill^lillzdic liciillil, RL Occupancy Type Total % SRL Count Jurisdiction Property Losses Insured Count Residential Commercial Residential Commercial Islamorada 56 33 23 182 57% 8 4 Key Colony Beach 26 21 5 91 42% 5 0 Key West 267 229 38 762 74% 29 5 Layton 2 2 0 5 0% 0 0 Marathon 175 157 18 483 56% 14 1 Unincorporated 5 684 637 47 1,673 47% 43 Monroe County Total 1,210 1,079 131 3,196 54% 99 15 Source:OpenFEMA Dataset:NFIP Multiple Loss Properties,2024,Accessed February 2025 RL=Repetitive Loss;SRL=Severe Repetitive Loss ENVIRONMEW During a flood event,chemicals and other hazardous substances may end up contaminating local water bodies. Flooding kills animals and in general disrupts the ecosystem. Snakes and insects may also make their way to the flooded areas. Floods can also cause significant erosion,which can alter streambanks and deposit sediment,changing the flow of waterbodies and potentially reducing their drainage capacity. Sea level rise can have numerous negative consequences on the environment including increased erosion and associated impacts.Another concern is the inundation of normally dry land,which could lead to the loss of marshes and wetlands and the positive benefits associated with those areas. These areas buffer against waves and storm surge,protect from erosion and even encourage accretion,and provide natural wildlife habitats. Sea level rise may also lead to saltwater intrusion as the groundwater table may also rise,potentially leading to contaminated drinking and agriculture water. Table 4.31 summarizes the potential detrimental consequences of flood. Wl')h lllc r'P"I t„ouuisequssiiico nWlyslills III hood Category Consequences Public Localized impacts could be severe.Flooding is likely to displace people from their homes.Water can become polluted such that if consumed,diseases and infection can be easily spread. Responders First responders are at risk when attempting to rescue people from flooding. They are subject to the same health hazards as the public. Flood waters may prevent access to areas in need of response or the flood may prevent access to the critical facilities themselves which may prolong response time. Impacts to responders are expected to be limited. Continuity of Floods can severely disrupt normal operations,especially when there is a loss Operations(including of power. Damage to facilities in flooded areas may require temporary relocation of some operations. Localized disruption of roads,facilities,and/or couu,w, a u. u� I" i.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage'llG'11 601 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Category Consequences Continued Delivery of utilities caused by incident may postpone delivery of some services.Sea level Services) rise may also interrupt continuity of operations,such as delivery of services, by causing mor regular chronic flooding. Property, Facilities and Buildings and infrastructure,including transportation and utility Infrastructure infrastructure,may be damaged or destroyed by flooding. Impacts are expected to be localized to the area of the incident.Severe damage is possible. Environment Chemicals and other hazardous substances may contaminate local water bodies.Wildlife and livestock deaths possible.The localized impact is expected to be severe for incident areas and moderate to light for other areas affected by the flood or HazMat spills. Economic Condition of Local economy and finances will be adversely affected,possibly for an the Jurisdiction extended period. During floods(especially flash floods),roads,bridges,farms, houses and automobiles are destroyed.Additionally,the local government must deploy firemen, police and other emergency response personnel and equipment to help the affected area. It may take years for the affected communities to be re-built and business to return to normal. Public Confidence in Ability to respond and recover may be questioned and challenged if the Jurisdiction's planning, response,and recovery are not timely and effective. Governance ASSOCA I III......... Ih°°III IZI IG�flI':' Natural hazards are often interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to, or be spurred by,another hazard —sometimes referred to as cascading disasters.A flood event may be associated with coastal erosion, tropical storms and hurricanes, storm surge, sea level rise,and severe storms and tornadoes. Ih°°IIIIII111111S H`4 IGII" ' ..1.. New development or redevelopment,if it occurs in or near the SFHA or localized flooding areas,could increase exposure of people and property to flood impacts. Additionally,increased development anywhere in the County can create changes in the watershed by increasing impervious surfaces; such development will alter flood patterns as well as intensity of flooding events. This is especially true of increased development within or near identified floodplains. Though the County's Rate of Growth Ordinance determines the speed at which undeveloped parcels may be developed there is still potential for increased impervious surfaces on previously developed parcels. Islamorada,Layton and other locations that are fully built out will not face the same risks as the potential for new development and impervious surface coverage is limited. III'i IL...III 14 M SIII ..III........." ' ..1...... All incorporated jurisdictions have at least 89 percent of their total land area in the Special Hazard Flood area.Riverine floods could likely significantly impact these jurisdictions. It is important to consider how the recently released preliminary floodplain maps will impact flood insurance once effective. All jurisdictions in the County have a flood loss-ratio of greater than 10%;the loss ratio is higher in unincorporated Monroe(30%)than Countywide(25%). Per the Hazus analysis, 100 percent of developed parcels in the AE and VE zones are at risk to flooding (Key Colony Beach and Layton); Marathon(99.9%)and Islamorada(90.5%)have larger portions of parcels at risk than the County average(89.2%).Mitigation strategies should prioritize these properties. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily wage'llU2 602 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT As a community with a large seasonal population,the County and incorporated jurisdictions should consider whether shelters have adequate capacity for this influx of people,often during hurricane season. Less than 50%of repetitive loss buildings in Key Colony Beach(42%),Layton(0%),and unincorporated Monroe(47%)are insured. These buildings should be prioritized for elevation or acquisition. Localized and stormwater flooding blocking roadways(particularly U.S.Highway 1)may impede evacuation capabilities. Of the 430 critical facilities reported in this plan, 90 percent are within the effective SFHA; 86.2 percent in the AE zone and 4.4 percent in the VE zone. The communities must identify mitigation strategies that protect these facilities,which might include elevation of critical systems,elevation of the building, floodproofing,or relocation,among others. I G I" II" I" G? III'i ..'� IG G II II'::', II T II 0 II''^h°°°°III �II'::' The following table summarizes flood hazard risk by jurisdiction. Flood risk due to high tide flooding, flash flooding,and stormwater flooding exists across the entire county.All participating jurisdictions have over 89 percent of their area in the SFHA and thus have a high degree of exposure to flooding; given that other sources of flooding and other levels of flooding may occur beyond these areas,the spatial extent was considered large for all jurisdictions. Impact ratings were based upon Hazus loss estimates as well as the overall risk of death or injury; all jurisdictions have loss ratios over 10.All communities also face a uniform probability of flooding. Spatial Warning Jurisdiction Probability Impact Extent Time Duration Score Priority Key Colony Beach 4 3 4 3 3 3.5 H Key West 4 3 4 3 3 3.5 H Layton 4 3 4 3 3 3.5 H Marathon 4 3 4 3 3 3.5 H Islamorada 4 3 4 3 3 3.5 H Unincorporated 4 3 4 3 3 3.5 H Monroe County coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily wage'll03 603 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT 4.5.5 SEA I EVEI RISE Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Sea Level Rise Highly Likely Critical Large More than 24 hrs More than 1 week .......... Sea level rise is the increase in sea levels as a result of atmospheric and oceanic warming which causes water expansion as well as ice melt from ice sheets and glaciers. Sea level rise is a result of global climate change. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forces such as modulations of the solar cycles,volcanic eruptions, and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use(IPCC,2023). Climate change is a natural occurrence in which the earth has warmed and cooled periodically over geologic time. The recent and rapid warming of the earth over the past century has been cause for concern as it is very likely due to the accumulation of human-caused greenhouse gases,such as CO2, in the atmosphere(IPCC,2023). This warming is occurring almost everywhere in the world which suggests a global cause rather than changes in localized weather patterns. In 2023,the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)reported with high confidence that warming due to such emissions will cause long-term changes in the climate system such as sea level rise. There are generally two separate mechanics involved in global sea level rise. The first is directly attributed to global temperature increases,which warm the oceans waters and cause them to expand. The second is attributed to the melting of ice over land which simply adds water to the oceans. Global sea level rise is likely caused by a combination of these two mechanics and can be exacerbated on the local level by factors such as erosion and subsidence. The rate of sea level rise has varied throughout geologic history,and studies have shown that global temperature and sea level are strongly correlated. Due to sea-level rise projected throughout the 21st century and beyond,coastal systems and low-lying areas will increasingly experience adverse impacts such as submergence,coastal flooding, and coastal erosion. The population and assets projected to be exposed to coastal risks as well as human pressures on coastal ecosystems will increase significantly in the coming decades due to population growth,economic development,and urbanization(IPCC,2023).Monroe County is particularly vulnerable to the effects of sea level rise,due to its coastal location, subtropical environment,low topography and tourism economy. Warning Time: I—More than 24 hours Duration: 4—More than one week L...00A I II GI''^ Sea level rise can occur anywhere along the coast in Monroe County.The Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI), developed by United States Geological Survey(USGS),provides a preliminary overview of the relative susceptibility of the United States coast to sea level rise. The CVI is based on geomorphology, regional coastal slope,tide range,wave height,relative sea level rise, and shoreline erosion and acceleration rates.For each study area,each variable is scored on a 1-5 scale based on defined parameters, where"1"indicates low contribution to coastal vulnerability and"5"indicates high contribution to vulnerability. These scores are then aggregated into a single index through a mathematical formula. The resulting index gives an overview of where physical changes may occur due to sea-level rise.Figure 4.12 shows the CVI for Monroe County.Most of the Florida Keys have a CVI rating of high,except Big Torch Key and Howe Key,which are rated moderate. The mainland coastline is also rated moderate. Spatial Extent: 4—Large couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I wage'll041 604 In 0 co 2 4'rt 2 c ti 16 F � a ........................ na o. e Ilk r G tG � O :J r•, � X V III" ' H of O z A m 8888 IN Q ��11'I��III 4 a rJ N �d f0 Lou �w.uuuuu '� ?a N kl O n riY➢ V II.Y onrv,', N kl z aLO O ai II"""'N"!i uuul� � W p a i,ih'k H 116III N "I� ""I SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT IICIIIIIII�..�..IICIIIIIII II°" ..�.. Sea level rise is measured by the number of feet of relative rise and the areas that such rise would inundate. The NOAA Sea Level Rise Viewer provides a tool to examine potential sea level rise(SLR) scenarios which represent possible future sea level changes. This allows users to examine the feet of relative sea level rise for a given year and SLR scenario(low,intermediate,high,etc.). These scenarios were developed and used as inputs into the U.S. Global Change Research Program's Sustained Assessment process and the Fifth National Climate Assessment. The estimated impacts of 2040 projected sea level rise(SLR) for the intermediate-low scenario and the intermediate—high scenario are shown in Figure 4.13 and Figure 4.14,respectively.Both scenarios were also used in the Monroe County Vulnerability Assessment to evaluate risks and vulnerabilities of the County's infrastructure. The sea level rise estimate maps show inundation above mean higher high water (the average of each day's higher high tide line). Maps of sea level rise impacts by jurisdiction are available in individual jurisdictional annexes. As shown in the figures below,under the 2040 intermediate-low scenario the majority of the Keys is estimated to be inundated,and an even larger extent is impacted in the intermediate-high scenario. Sea level rise will likely affect coastal marsh lands as well as land along rivers,canals,and their tributaries. Additionally, sea level rise will likely increase future risk of flooding from the other flood hazards discussed in this plan,as more land will have a lower elevation relative to sea level.For example,with much of the barrier islands and wetlands inundated, inland areas will lose their natural protection and may become susceptible to coastal flooding with velocity wave action. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage'llG':6 606 ti 0 co ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ,. i r is III II k U. IVI lie s, rr To f 0 40 , " � ro LL_ 4040 a d1 W li:u� c 2 Z , C W IX iiiiik H III III �I I co 0 co „3 m: IN ^ ,;. iwll,,, � l yp n r p IP w IIlie dw .m m � S LU Cr @i HHHIN To of H HH I �f Z ��I " ipu p 0 m�m ..............................................is w LL_ 40 ~ E40 '+ Z u r W 3 _ .. li.0 m-, 2 Z , Lo CIO W IX iiiiik H III III m I I SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Sea level rise is a slow onset hazard,and because the full extent of anticipated sea level rise has not yet been realized,the effects of sea level rise have not yet been fully felt.However, sea level rise has already begun to cause"clear sky"or"nuisance"flooding,which is brought on by high tidewaters rather than storm or rain events. Tidal flooding causes temporary inundation of low-lying areas during high-tide events. The 2022 NOAA Sea Level Rise Technical Report fords that the national rate of high-tide flooding has more than doubled since 2000 due to sea level rise.NOAA projects that by 2050 high tide flooding events will occur 45 to 70 days a year,triple the current rate.While sea level rise increases the frequency of these events,it also is expected to increase the depth and extent of tidal flooding. Figure 4.15 shows areas in Monroe County that are susceptible to high tide flooding as defined by NOAA based on derived national flood thresholds from NOAA Technical Report NOS CO-OPS 086: Patterns and Projections of High Tide Flooding along the U.S. Coastline Using a Common Impact Threshold. Impact: 3—Critical III Iguuumo r'"15 Areas yoroollll''t'Iiolll llW to IIII°°IIIliuylll°w ide III I'IIIbonutlillllliig,III ouuiuI°rme t„oouuirty P 1 'r i aes d yJ II yy i vv"ivvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv"v"vvvvvvvv"v W� ' uluuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu "ru�r�q . . I II IC VIIIII I i i m ' �w 'i ,.@ III III VIIIII •"'Y'l,� 6 � ,y 'nraoa ,p 4, ro °t tligki Tide Naading x Y Source:NOAA Coastal Flood Exposure Mapper ..1..' ° CAL.,,, Ii° Ii°CIIIIIII°" CIIIIIII Historic trends in local MSL are best determined from tide gauge records. The Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services(CO-OPS)has been measuring sea level for over 150 years,with tide stations operating on all U.S. coasts. Changes in Mean Sea Level(MSL), either a sea level rise or sea level fall,have been computed at 142 long-term water level stations using a minimum span of 30 years of observations at each location. These measurements have been averaged by month to remove the effect of higher frequency phenomena(e.g. storm surge)in order to compute an accurate linear sea level trend. Figure 4.16 illustrates regional trends in sea level from NOAA.At the Key West,FL station(indicated by couir,wy,a u. u� I" i.sllLii..ni.du u..wWcLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage'll 09 609 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT the green arrow in western Monroe County),the relative sea level trend is 2.64 mm/year with a 95% confidence interval of+/-0.15 mm/year based on monthly mean sea level data from 1913 to 2024 which is equivalent to a change of 0.87 feet in 100 years.At the Vaca Key station(indicated by the yellow arrow in the Middle Keys),the relative sea level trend is 4.23 mm/year with a 95%confidence interval of+/-0.4 mm/year based on data from 1971 to 2024;this is equivalent to a change of 1.39 feet in 100 years. Iguuumo as,1 °^a Illl ov6ll ""III'"'uu^ouu ids,III ouuiluumo,l�l��t„ouii1ity 1114 .... II r 4ru i. � 1II01�1 13ir to.h 11'1 Ab r*' 6 Virur r rhu it^au -baly=r.,n.a Iil�n i 11E ii.Is:;ocl I I!P raid IMI1r r,rm1 ,I,�1, ,I�,Ivilt". �r R', ,I n v w�.L stiIel.I E'✓awered by Erarl I Esn.HERE.Garrmix The Heats ah,ove itdustra€es reWive sea?eve;b"eo ds,with arrows representing the direction and magnitude G'change_Glick orr an arroww to access additraaraY rn6anrraticrr about thetstatron_ Relative Sea Level Trands mn m/yr Meet/century) nbeua 9 6 t,e 3 �, 3 tm 6 G tG 3 3 to�0 -6 to 3 -'g to 6 IBeIg w-w? r boy✓a 3Y�l �'�t:n 3)ICI da t ��i �n¢a r} i r rce m) (-z to a) 3��ta a)���, Be ow-3) Source: http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/sitrends.shtmi Figure 4.17 and Figure 4.18 show the monthly mean sea level at NOAA's Key West and Vaca Key Florida stations without the regular seasonal fluctuations due to coastal ocean temperatures,salinities, winds,atmospheric pressures,and ocean currents. The long-term linear trend is also shown,including its 95%confidence interval. The plotted values are relative to the most recent Mean Sea Level datum established by CO-OPS. coLdll,,ty,a u. u� IMl.sllLil..nl.duu..wWcLila6lwal I M6call IIuLu„;aLua6ul Strategy jani,wily arage 11I110 610 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Iguiii* 1.111' ' II cauui Sea Illl ewcll ""III""IIII^cuuiycm IlKey WestIIII'III 7245 0 Key West,Florida 2.5 +I® 0.15 mml r 0.60 —Linear Relative sea Level Trend 0.45. —Upper 95%Confidence Interval .,. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .,.,. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .,.,. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ J1 '��V —Lower 95%Confidence Interval Monthly mean sea level with the 0.30 average seasonal cycle removed .... ...... ..... ..... .... ...... .... ...... ..... ..... .... ...... .... ...... ..... .... p.... ...... 0.15 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -0.30.. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -0.4.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --- --- --- --- --- -- -- -- -- -- --- --- --- --- --- -- -- -- -- -- --- --- --- --- --- -- -- -- -- -- --- --- --- --- --- -- -- -- -- 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 Source:NOAA Tides and Currents,February 2025 II Igu iiii,c 4 Is II aalllhli Swa Ill IeV6lll""III""III"villlim a,Vaca IllKey IIII'IIII 72'3970 Vaca Key, Florida 4.2'3 +/- gip, mm/ r 0.60 —Linear Relative sea Level Trend �oJ'� 0.45. - —Upper 95%Confidence Interval .,. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ IVi. —Lower 95!Confidence Interval Monthly mean sea level with the 0.30 .. average seasonal cycle removed .... ...... ..... ..... .... ...... .... ...... ..... ..... .... ...... .... ...... ..... .... .... ...... m0.15 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — U e, .J a 0.00 -------------------------------------------------- — �' ..... --------------- -0.15 -0.30.. — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -0.45 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -0.60 1920... 1930 1940 1950 1960... 1970 1980 1990 2000 2610 2020 2030 Source:NOAA Tides and Currents,February 2025 The data above relies on a linear trend over more than a decade. As such,the trend misses subtle variations and especially larger increases as climate change and CO2 levels have increased in recent years. Per the Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact's Unified Sea Level Rise Projection 2019 Update,this linear trend estimates approximately 2 inches of sea level rise at the Key West,FL tide gauge from 2000 through 2019.However,using 5-year averages of mean sea level,this estimate is closer to 3.9 inches of sea level rise from 2000 to 2017. This 5-year average of monthly mean sea level illustrates the variability of sea level and highlights the increase in sea level above the linear trend, especially in the last decade. Figure 4.19 from the Unified Projection document illustrates these variations by displaying monthly mean sea level, 5-year averages of mean sea level,and the linear mean sea level trend. I" i.sllLii..ni.du u..wiiCLiioi4 I ocaII III i Strategy Jaiv,wiy arage 111111 611 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT IIII IIIIm r.') III'' Illla'L'lll a Ill evd^ II IN se Ill iiii Key West,IIII'III 119, a� r 20 -2017. .9a, w' as 0 1..592-2� �01.2 rr x^ _ a. wm 11 - 117 17. p Mean Sea Lpvell ------MEwn Sea II eveliI 5-'Year Av era,p Linear� a«an%ea Uwe i 1930. 3920 1950 19401 II9110 1960 1910 7980 1990 20M, 2010 ."(Vq) Yew Source:Unified Sea Level Rise Projection(2019 Update),South Florida Regional Climate Change Compact As noted previously, climate change and sea level rise can have varying impacts,including more frequent coastal flood days. Climate Central's Surging Seas Risk Finder notes that coastal floods are increasing. Figure 4.20 shows coastal flooding in the Key West Area(based on the Key West water level station) from 1955 through 2014 in 10-year increments.According to this data, from 1995 through 2004,the Key West area experienced 8 coastal flood days—seven of which were driven by climate-linked sea level rise. In the following 10 years,from 2005 through 2014,the number of coastal flood days increased to 32, a 300 percent increase. 30 of these coastal flood days can be attributed to climate-linked sea level rise. couir,ty,a u. u� I" i.sllLii..ni.du u..wWMLLiiw4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jaiwi,wiy I wage'II'II I', 612 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT �!!!Iguii*16.20 (:castMl IIII!!!Ibcd I�)ays,IllKeyWest,IIII'III I WIEST AREA" Coastal 'flood da"I'YS El Di6v(,,�rii by sea e�vte.1' rlSo"4, V V o I �,,l V e c",C r, I I I, a n Y W a Y 30,- 25- 20- 15...... 10, - 5-- M 0.] EMMERMEM IMMMINERES= 1955-64 1965-74 19175-84, 1985-914 1995-2004 2005-14 Source:Climate Central Surging Seas I Finder(https-//riskfinder.climatecentral.org� In line with increased coastal flood days,the region is also seeing increasing intensity and duration of King Tides. King tides are predictable phenomenon that generally occur each fall when the alignment of the moon, sun,and Earth create a stronger gravitational pull on the ocean.Like many other coastal events, climate change has made King Tide flooding worse. In the Fall of 2019,the Upper Florida Keys experienced nearly three months of King Tide flooding,particularly in the Blackwaters Sound area. That year,Hurricane Dorian and other tropical storms in late August and early September interrupted the Gulf Stream,causing water to back up. Tides recorded along the Atlantic coast from the Carolinas to Florida were 6 to 18 inches higher than expected.Residents noted that in these low-lying areas with nowhere for water to drain,these events generally lasted seven to ten days in the past. In 2024,the peak king tide occurred during the super full moon in mid-October,which was the closest the moon came to the Earth during the whole year. G?O A I Y 0 U I The Earth's changing climate will continue to drive nonlinear trends in Sea Level that deviate from historic trends. This is especially pertinent in the coastal communities of South Florida on the frontlines of climate change and sea level rise and is the reason behind the South Florida Regional Climate Change Compact's Unified Sea Level Rise Projection. This document was created in unify the diversity of local Sea Level Rise projections in order to create a single,unified projection to ensure consistency in adaptation planning,policy,and infrastructure and siting design in the South Florida region. The first unified projection was developed and released in 2011,updated in 2015,and most recently updated in 2019. Each update has incorporated new research and data. The 2019 update incorporated the potential M011,1110S couirty,11::11 wsll� Mi.dd JixdsWcdoi4 I ocall Wdgadori Strategy Jaiv,wiy��1026 113Inge 11 3 613 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT for faster rates of melting of the Antarctic Ice Sheet as well as regional sea level rise rates as reported in the Fourth National Climate Assessment. It should be noted that in December of 2024,the South Florida Regional Climate Change Compact's Unified Sea Level Rise Projection issued a statement of continued use of the 2019 version as a full 5-year update and revision was not deemed necessary. The 2019 update begins in the year 2000, as this is the reference year for the most recently published NOAA projections, and uses two planning horizons: 20 years for land use(2040) and 50 years for infrastructure(2070). The projection used the Key West gauge as the reference gauge to maintain consistency with prior projections. The compact used three curves to guide various development across different time frames in the region. Importantly,the projections are regional rather than previously used global projections. The projections are as follows: — Short term:by 2040, sea level in the region is projected to rise 10 to 17 inches above 2000 mean sea level. — Medium term:by 2070, sea level in the region is projected to rise 21 to 54 inches above 2000 mean sea level. — Long term:by 2120, sea level in the region is projected to rise 40 to 136 inches above 2000 mean sea level. These projections are based on three global curves adapted for regional application: the median of the IPCC AR5 RCP 8.5 scenario as the lowest boundary,the NOAA Intermediate High Curve as the upper boundary for short term use(until 2070)and the NOAA High Curve as the upper boundary for medium and long-term use. Figure 4.21 below shows these projections. The IPCC Median Curve and the NOAA Intermediate High curve form the lower and upper bounds,respectively,for short-term use(through 2070). The IPCC median curve represents the most likely average sea level before 2070; sea level is rise is unlikely to exceed the NOAA Intermediate High curve by 2100. The NOAA High curve forms the upper bound for medium-and long-term use. Sea level rise is very unlikely to be higher than this curve before 2100. Probability: 4—Highly Likely couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I3age'11 Zu 614 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Iguiii* 6.21 Swa Illl avOl IIII'!se IIII'ul° a av livauu�s foii,III auuiuumae 1"vacuity(� 000 '���100) L„iini ii d Sea I ev&I Rise Projection 140 136 U. o " cz, 120 80 f� 60 54 � 40 .,111/�"" rMrwmWnN'mnm.Yniwu yd"r {'f". a riru ,imwMnolimowwuww 3...9.. �� r XmymllmmovvNMn /..i.� m4,nnn 21 p „r l✓d tt 1 2C.00 2020. 2040 2060 208D 2I.C.PC.D 21.20. Year . .I P,CC Median -PAMAIlntteni-ediate Ilfig�i ,111,11IN.:aAAHrg11h Source:Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact,Unified Sea Level Rise Projection(2019) The intended use of the Unified Projection is for planning purposes. The projections are to be used by a variety of audiences,including elected officials,urban planners, engineers,and developers,among others, across short-and long-term planning horizons for new projects or adaptation of existing projects, including infrastructure siting and design. The projection is an important complement to a vulnerability assessment in order to inform the user of the potential magnitude and extent of sea level rise now and into the future using various scenarios with associated timelines. In making infrastructure siting decisions, users must consider the nature,value,interconnectedness,and lifespan of existing and proposed infrastructure. The following summarizes the Unified Projection's recommendations for application of the three curves: IPCC Median Curve: The lower bound of the projection; can be applied to most infrastructure projects before 2070 or whose failure would result in limited consequence to others. NOAA Intermediate High Curve: Consider designing to this curve for projects in need of a greater factor of safety; this includes projects with a design life beyond 50 years. NOAA High Curve: Existing and proposed critical infrastructure should be elevated using this curve; projects that are not easily replaceable,have a long design life,and are interdependent with other infrastructure or services are included in this application. As noted in the 2024 Statement of Continued Use of the 2019 Southeast Florida Regionally Unified Sea Level Rise Projection,the Compact reviewed updates from the NOAA 2022 Sea Level Rise Technical Report as well as observational trends of sea level in the region. In the NOAA 2022 Report,it was shown that the projections for the year 2100 for each global scenario stayed the same as previous predictions. However,the timing of the rates of rise in the near-term for the different scenarios was updated based on I..ni.nu u..wiicLiiw4 I ocaII III i Strategy Jaiwi,wiy "age'II'II,'',;;m 615 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT new modeling and scientific methods.Figure 4.22 shows the comparison of selected NOAA 2017 scenario to the corresponding NOAA 2022 scenarios. This graph shows that while NOAA 2022 scenarios are slightly lower than NOAA 2017 scenarios,both scenarios still reach the same global mean sea level by 2100. I Iguiii* r.2' 'auu°ul llll' auu^lilcaul°w of Sea Illl evdl IIIIRlioce ycauuiauu^lion IIII')uu^n e^c liucuuilr I' rnuuiliive(nu iiity(2000 2100) 8D 2017 Ilnt 201°1 Illnt-Hi!gill 70 2017 HN iq h �.. „ 2022 DIn1t 0 2022 Ilnt Higlh 60 20221HiigNw 6 �a 4 ...............................................................,...................................... ...... ..................... .. ..... a : 3 R 00 2k 200o 2020, 2040, 2060 2080 21 0 Yea r Source:Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact,Unified Sea Level Rise Projection 2024 Statement IL... 1A AL.':........ """""III 14 G':........ Sea level rise is a direct result of global climate change. Estimates for sea level rise are based on projected greenhouse gas emission levels and their associated impacts on global temperature change. Most sea level rise models do not fully account for ice melt,and therefore actual sea level rise may be significantly higher than current estimates suggest. As such,these projections contain substantial variability but are nonetheless important to consider when planning for coastal areas because they indicate where flooding can be expected should actual sea level rise meet estimated levels. IL...II'111 III.........G G i II IL...II"'I""'Y ASS SS" I', ..I.. My7"I°°°IODOLOGIES AND ASSUMMION Vulnerability to sea level rise was assessed based on past occurrences nationally and internationally as well as data from NOAA,USGS,the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC), and other sources. In addition to the data presented below,the County's Watershed management plan and the Region's Climate Change Compact provide additional information about risks in the region. The draft of the Florida Keys Coastal Storm Risk Management Feasibility Study done by the United States Army Corps I" i.sllLii..Yi.du u..wiicLiiw4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jaiwi,wiy arage'1111 616 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT of Engineers for Monroe County provides additional insights into the impacts to people,the built environment,and the natural environment due not only to sea level rise,but associated hazards likely to become more intense,such as coastal storms, storm surge, and erosion,due to climate change and the ensuing sea level rise. PEOPLE Sea level rise will lead to increased flooding and the associated harms to humans,such as illness,or injury or death from driving into flooded waters and drowning. Potential damage to property such as homes, business,and vehicles can also causes emotional and financial stress as people determine how to mange encroaching water. nOPE w The increased number of flood days and general encroachment of shoreline associated with sea level rise will likely cause property damage,although it is unclear exactly what this will look like.Homes, businesses and vehicles will be susceptible to increased water damage.Homes within the areas that may be inundated will potentially be uninhabitable.Additionally,rising seas,and associated increased flood days, can overwhelm and undermine the effectiveness of stormwater drainage system and other infrastructure, such as roads and bridges. Table 4.32 estimates the number of parcels at risk to the 2040 intermediate—low and intermediate—high SLR scenarios. In total,an estimated 30,336 buildings would be impacted by the 2040 intermediate high SLR scenario. of these structures 89 percent are residential. II clllbllllc tuliullAl iiigs Aflbcted Illlby Swa IIII evdll IIII'tlillsc,III aiivimu,e(:cuiiity Estimated Structure Value Estimated Total Value Occupancy Building Count Content Value 2040 Intermediate-Low 2ZS63 $9,503,075,174 $5,592,809,716 $15,095,884,891 Agriculture 1 $267,735 $267,735 $535,470 Commercial 1,700 $1,328,393,069 $1,328,393,069 $2,656,786,138 Education 22 $6,536,769 $6,536,769 $13,073,538 Government 399 $226,726,898 $226,726,898 $453,453,797 Industrial 115 $46,696,545 $70,044,817 $116,741,362 Religious 45 $27,226,697 $27,226,697 $54,453,395 Residential 20,281 $7,867,227,461 $3,933,613,730 $11,800,841,191 2040 Intermediate-High 7,773 $3,387,255,039 $2,014,720,447 $5,401,975,486 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 590 $455,680,278 $455,680,278 $911,360,555 Education 9 $5,565,652 $5,565,652 $11,131,304 Government 296 $127,746,163 $127,746,163 $255,492,326 Industrial 59 $22,613,793 $33,920,689 $56,534,482 Religious 16 $7,966,178 $7,966,178 $15,932,356 Residential 6,803 $2,767,682,976 $1,383,841,488 $4,151,524,464 Total 30,336 $12,890,330,213 $7,607,530,164 $20,497,860,377 Sea level rise can also create added pressure on the aquifers that serve Monroe County. The Biscayne Aquifer,which provides most of the drinking water for Monroe County is currently experiencing saltwater intrusion. Saltwater intrusion is a product of many factors—including increased usage of the couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage'11117 617 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT water from the aquifer,which is particularly impacted by the growth of Miami-Dade County,where the aquifer is located,as well as Monroe County as well as seepage from the Turkey Point cooling canals. Sea level rise can further exacerbate this pattern. Further saltwater intrusion into the aquifer will impact the entire Monroe County population as it relies on drinking water from this source. ENVIRONMEW Sea level rise can have numerous negative consequences on the environment including increased erosion and all impacts associated with that. Another concern is the inundation of normally dry land,which could lead to the loss of marshes and wetlands and the positive benefits associated with those areas. These areas buffer against waves and storm surge,protect from erosion and even encourage accretion,and provide natural wildlife habitats. Finally, sea level rise may lead to saltwater intrusion as the groundwater table may also rise,potentially leading to contaminated drinking and agriculture water. CONSEQUENCEANA1..M'IiiiM Table 4.33 summarizes the potential negative consequences of sea level rise. II al,)l lW : !,19"'....... oliiise ueiiilcc nWlyslills Sea Illl ov6 IIIIRlilse Category Consequences Sea Level Rise may cause increased flooding which may lead to illness, Public injury,or death.Additionally,sea level rise may cause psychological stress from loss of home,economy,and culture. Sea Level Rise induced flooding may cause increased burden on Responders responders. Continuity of Operations As sea levels rise and cause more regular,chronic flooding,continuity of (including Continued operations,such as delivery of services may be interrupted due to Delivery of Services) localized disruption of roads,facilities,and/or utilities. Sea level rise can cause damage to property as flooding becomes more Property, Facilities and regular in the short term and as sea levels continue to rise in the long Infrastructure term.SLR can also compromise infrastructure such as drainage systems and roads. Environment Sea level rise can lead to increased erosion,salt water intrusion,and inundation of wetlands and previous dry land. Economic Condition of Sea level rise can severely disrupt the economy, particularly in a region the Jurisdiction that relies so heavily on tourism. Public Confidence in the Sea level rise is unlikely to impact public confidence. Jurisdiction's Governance ASSOCAIII......... Ih°°III IZI I "II':' Natural hazards are often interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to,or be spurred by, another hazard —sometimes referred to as cascading disasters. Sea level rise may be associated with tropical cyclones, storm surge, flood,and coastal erosion. Ih°°III I' III IIII' II::, III......... L...0IGII" I11 ..1.. New development at a local scale will not necessarily impact the rate of sea level rise. Increased development in potentially inundated areas,however,will increase vulnerability.Future development s01,1110S . �.ouir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily arage'1111I1!3 618 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT plans guiding future development must consider sea level rise and areas of the county that will be inundated by sea level rise. III'i IL...III "14 III ..III........." ' ..1...... Residential property is most likely to be affected by sea level rise,which has implications on a local economy—both permanent and season residential units may no longer be livable.Education and outreach programs could increase residential and property owner buy-in on and implementation of mitigation options on an individual property scale. Various reports on sea level rise in the region exist—mitigation strategies should consider all reports; specifically detailing critical facilities at risk to sea level rise using a standard prediction would clarify mitigation strategies chosen to respond to this hazard. Key West,Marathon,Layton,and Unincorporated Monroe County will have the most parcels impacted by 2 feet of sea level rise. I G;I" II" I" G? III'i J U G II II'::', II TII0II''^h°°°°III �II'::' The following table summarizes sea level rise risk by jurisdiction. The coastal,low-lying geography of the region mean all jurisdictions face at least some risk from sea level rise. Impacts vary based on the number of parcels at risk to sea level rise -more developed jurisdictions are likely to see larger impacts. Spatial extent was varied by jurisdiction depending on the area exposed to sea level rise impacts. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial WarningDuration Score Priority Extent Time Key Colony 3 2 2 1 4 2.4 M Beach Key West 3 3 4 1 4 3.1 1 H Layton 3 3 3 1 4 2.9 M Marathon 3 3 4 1 4 3.1 H Islamorada 3 2 3 1 4 2.6 M Unincorporated 3 3 4 1 4 3.1 H coi.du„iw, a u., a„� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily arage'1111 619 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Severe Storms Highly Likely Limited Large Less than 6 hrs Less than 6 hrs 26 (Thunderstorms) Severe Storms Highly Likely Minor Negligible Less than 6 hrs Less than 6 hrs 2.2 (Lighting &Hail) Tornadoes Likely Limited Small Less than 6 hrs Less than 6 hrs I 24 .......... Thunderstorms result from the rapid upward movement of warm,moist air.They can occur inside warm, moist air masses and at fronts. As the warm,moist air moves upward, it cools,condenses, and forms cumulonimbus clouds that can reach heights of greater than 35,000 ft. As the rising air reaches its dew point,water droplets and ice form and begin falling the long distance through the clouds towards earth's surface.As the droplets fall,they collide with other droplets and become larger. The falling droplets create a downdraft of air that spreads out at earth's surface and causes strong winds associated with thunderstorms. There are four ways in which thunderstorms can organize: single cell,multi-cell cluster,multi-cell lines (squall lines), and supercells.Even though supercell thunderstorms are most frequently associated with severe weather phenomena,thunderstorms most frequently organize into clusters or lines.Warm,humid conditions are favorable for the development of thunderstorms. The average single cell thunderstorm is approximately 15 miles in diameter and lasts less than 30 minutes at a single location.However, thunderstorms, especially when organized into clusters or lines,can travel intact for distances exceeding 600 miles. Thunderstorms are responsible for the development and formation of many severe weather phenomena, posing great hazards to the population and landscape.Damage that results from thunderstorms is mainly inflicted by downburst winds, large hailstones,and flash flooding caused by heavy precipitation. Stronger thunderstorms can produce tornadoes and waterspouts.Wbile conditions for thunderstorm conditions may be anticipated within a few hours, severe conditions are difficult to predict.Regardless of severity, storms generally pass within a few hours. Warning Time: 4—Less than six hours Duration: I—Less than six hours LI 117 I Lightning is a sudden electrical discharge released from the atmosphere that follows a course from cloud to ground,cloud to cloud,or cloud to surrounding air,with light illuminating its path. Lightning's unpredictable nature causes it to be one of the most feared weather elements. All thunderstorms produce lightning,which often strikes outside of the area where it is raining and is known to fall more than 10 miles away from the rainfall area.When lightning strikes,electricity shoots through the air and causes vibrations creating the sound of thunder. A bolt of lightning can reach temperatures approaching 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit. Nationwide,lightning kills 75 to 100 people each w 01,1110S . �.ouir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily 620 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT year. Lightning strikes can also start building fires and wildland fires,and damage electrical systems and equipment. The watch/waming time for a given storm is usually a few hours. There is no warning time for any given lightning strike.Lightning strikes are instantaneous. Storms that cause lightning usually pass within a few hours. Warning Time: 4—Less than six hours Duration: I—less than six hours I IAIL According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA),hail is precipitation that is formed when updrafts in thunderstorms carry raindrops upward into extremely cold areas of the atmosphere causing them to freeze. The raindrops form into small frozen droplets and then continue to grow as they encounter super-cooled water which will freeze on contact with the frozen rain droplet. This frozen rain droplet can continue to grow and form hail. If the updraft forces can support or suspend the weight of the hailstone,hail can continue to grow. At the time when the updraft can no longer support the hailstone,it will fall to the earth. For example,a '/4"diameter or pea sized hail requires updrafts of 24 mph,while a 2 3/4"diameter or baseball sized hail requires an updraft of 81 mph. The largest hailstone recorded in the United States was found in Vivian, South Dakota on July 23,2010; it measured eight inches in diameter,almost the size of a soccer ball. While soccer-ball-sized hail is the exception,but even small pea sized hail can do damage. Hailstorms in Florida cause damage to property,crops,and the environment, and kill and injure livestock. In the United States,hail causes more than$1 billion in damage to property and crops each year.Much of the damage inflicted by hail is to crops. Even relatively small hail can shred plants to ribbons in a matter of minutes.Vehicles,roofs of buildings and homes, and landscaping are the other things most commonly damaged by hail. Hail has been known to cause injury to humans; occasionally,these injuries can be fatal. The onset of thunderstorms with hail is generally rapid. However,advancements in meteorological forecasting allow for some warning. Storms usually pass in a few hours. Warning Time: 4—Less than 6 hours Duration: 1—Less than 6 hours .w°017NADO According to the Glossary of Meteorology(AMS 2000), a tornado is "a violently rotating column of air, pendant from a cumuliform cloud or underneath a cumuliform cloud,and often(but not always)visible as a funnel cloud." Tornadoes can appear from any direction.Most move from southwest to northeast,or west to east. Some tornadoes have changed direction amid path,or even backtracked. Tornadoes are commonly produced by land falling tropical cyclones. Those making landfall along the Gulf coast traditionally produce more tornadoes than those making landfall along the Atlantic coast. Tornadoes that form within hurricanes are more common in the right front quadrant with respect to the forward direction but can occur in other areas as well.According to the NOAA,more than half of the landfalling hurricanes will spawn at least one tornado. Tornadoes are more likely to be spawned within 24 hours of landfall and are usually within 30 miles of the tropical cyclone's center. Tornadoes have the potential to produce winds in excess of 200 mph(EF5 on the Enhanced Fujita Scale) and can be very expansive—some in the Great Plains have exceeded two miles in width. Tornadoes w 01,1110S . �.ouir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I wage'll2'll 621 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT associated with tropical cyclones,however,tend to be of lower intensity(EFO to EF2) and much smaller in size than ones that form in the Great Plains. IllIguuu^ota'li:Pt' Suul°ouu°nlmauumyof""III'"'ouumuumactoftcuii,ii incesauumglllluu°nlmllll'aactellllmylllttaguumitude rr rargi a, , n i I I i�llQq��of n a ldllljr��� �V aj C / ��477iP i j ,�11Ji,� r' a. ea 'roroadooa Strong Totinadoos ViolentTos,riadioes as 88%of aill lemoaaicea an t"I%of all tiornamtermea as Less than "I%at all torn m1m as Leas than 5114,E at tornado mieaft aw tiewiy 30%of all tcmmamlo deaths as 701%)of all tornado deaths, as Ufatum e t -tg+ r ninutea aw May Q.aat 20 minutes eir laamgea as Can exceed ''I hona as Winds less than t 10 mph as Mnds D l l w 166 mn°nph as tnds greater than 166 mph an Produces gl~g m^iim tnt t damagie as PrAu es gt`g Or Ell 3 damnmage as tma gees EF4 of EFS atamnw;age Source: NOAA National Weather Service Warning Time: 4—Less than six hours Duration: I—Less than six hours According to the NOAA Storm Prediction Center(SPC),the United States experiences an average of 1,248 tornadoes per year with the highest concentration of tornadoes occurring in the region surrounding Oklahoma,Texas,and Kansas.Although the Great Plains region of the Central United States does favor the development of the largest and most dangerous tornadoes(earning the designation of"tornado alley"), the southeast experiences tornado threats throughout the cooler months of the year before they move to the central plains during May and June. The below figure shows tornado activity in the United States based on the number of recorded tornadoes per 10,000 square miles. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioi4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jaiwi.wiy I wage'll Z 622 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT I Iguii* 6.24. ""III'"'vuu^uuiayv ALtivity iiiiiii't'lllhe U.S. Average Annuaill Tornadoes per 10K Square Miles per State 2003 - 2022 a i MT ND ^ 0 4 MN OR 0 ID CAI puNY 2 0 SD 4 MI WY 1 1 PA NV r5 /j 3 0 0 UT CA D 0 co 1 VA AZ NM Source: NOAA National Weather Service ..iIII C II°dry II..°:'n0,U..l..y Waterspouts can form when a tornado moves from land to water. Joseph Golden,the distinguished waterspout authority with NOAA,defines a waterspout as a"funnel which contains an intense vortex, sometimes destructive,of small horizontal extent and which occurs over a body of water."In other words, a waterspout is a column of rotating,cloud-filled wind. There are two types of waterspouts.A tornadic waterspout generally begins as a true tornado over land in association with a thunderstorm and then moves out over water. They are influenced by winds associated with severe thunderstorms as air rises and rotates on a vertical axis.Fair weather waterspouts, on the other hand,are associated with developing storms systems,but not storms themselves. These types of waterspouts only form over open water,where they develop at the water's surface and climb skyward.Both types of waterspouts require high levels of humidity and relatively warm water temperatures compared to overlying air. The fair-weather variety is more common than the tornadic type. There are five stages of waterspout formation: Dark Spot: The water's surface takes on a prominent circular,light-colored disk surrounded by a larger dark area of indeterminate shape with diffused edges where the vortex reaches it. Spiral Pattern: A pattern of light and dark colored surface bands spiral out from the dark spot. Spray Ring: A swirling ray of dense sea spray,known as a cascade,forms around the dark spot with what appears to be an eye similar to that seen in hurricanes. Mature Vortex: This is the waterspouts most intense stage. It is now visible from the water surface to an overhead cloud mass as it achieves maximum organization and intensity. The funnel often appears w 01,1110S . �.ouir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioi4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jaiwi,wiy I wage°II2' 623 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT hollow,with a surrounding shell of turbulent condensate. The spray vortex can rise to a height of several hundred feet or more, often creating a visible wake and an associated wave train as it moves. Decay: The funnel and spray vortex begin to dissipate as the inflow of warm are into the vortex weakens. Systems that might produce waterspouts are outline in the National Weather Service's nearshore marine forecast and hazardous weather outlook, and this information is shared 12 to 24 hours prior to waterspout occurrences.NWS will issue a special marine warning when waterspouts are detected by doppler radar or trained spotters. Warning Time: 3—6 to 12 hours Duration: I—Less than 6 hours L...00A I II 0 II''^ Thunderstorm wind,lightning, and hail events do not have a defined vulnerability zone. The scope of wind,lightning and hail is generally defined to the footprint of its associated thunderstorm. Given the general size and movement of thunderstorm events,thunderstorm winds from one event may impact a large portion of the planning area. The entirety of Monroe County and its jurisdictions share equal risk to the threat of severe weather. Spatial Extent: 3—Moderate Tornados can occur anywhere in the County. Tornadoes typically impact a small area,but damage may be extensive. Tornado locations are completely random,meaning risk to tornado isn't increased in one area of the county versus another. Monroe County and its jurisdictions are uniformly exposed to tornadoes. Waterspouts are most common in tropical and subtropical waters such as the Florida Keys,Greek Islands, or off the coast of Australia. Waterspouts can occur in any of the water bodies in Monroe County. Spatial Extent: 2—Small couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy attage'll l i!Au 624 to N CIO . wI.n 'H n4 V4 11R% yw �V .. ry "qw{1� N�� ETS Cod w a OF . , o � o m II v c a 0 c.� v Y dll °ti mdll �m � II To m of O T� ry p 4 1I11 ^ - U d qp M V uuloi�� �- {L wi m T U 4 G U QJ r r _ t _ 000000 .0 Lc [a. "µ Z ¢m„ �� III ��� LO 1` CU 0 H 1 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT LII.../7NINE AND I°1yIL The scope of lightning and hail is generally defined to the footprint of its associated thunderstorm. However,large-scale hail tends to occur in a more localized area within the storm,and lightning strikes and associated damages are highly localized and occur randomly. It should be noted that while lightning is most often affiliated with severe thunderstorms, it may also strike outside of heavy rain and might occur as far as 10 miles away from any rainfall. The entirety of Monroe County and its jurisdictions are uniformly exposed to each of these hazards. According to the Vaisala Interactive Global Lightning Density Map, shown in Figure 4.26,the majority of Florida experiences 32-64 lightning events per square kilometer per year. The Florida Keys do experience slightly less lightning on average at 16-32 events per square kilometers per year. Spatial Extent(Lightning): I—Negligible III Iguuumu r 26. ""III''"WWu Illl ig lhtul°tli ii1 IIII")eii°mlioty 1111l Llllhe U S.(2016 2 23) Tirkall LugRitrnany aemsu4y .rvr"n[si<a�7°,^lei„rr j FIR �. � 4, � -i ,2..iG j j 61minll !l� tl nM 'j�j'J/l 'z r54 4 U II�IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 14 11 m8 12 Cal ,snju: Rainbow Map 13yeor. D0i'S(r}r Contour(,'LD3601 vnisutn)(weather Source:Vaisala Interactive Global Lightning Density Map The magnitude of a thunderstorm event can be defined by the storm's maximum wind speed and its impacts.NCEI divides wind events into several types including High Wind, Strong Wind,Thunderstorm Wind, Tornado and Hurricane. For this severe weather risk assessment,High Wind, Strong Wind and Thunderstorm Wind data was collected. Hurricane Wind and Tornadoes are addressed as individual hazards. The following definitions come from the NCEI Storm Data Preparation document. coLdll,,ty,a u. u� I" I.sIILiI..nl.du u..wilcLilol4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou l Strategy Jaiwi,wiy arage'llli!"G 626 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT — High Wind—Sustained non-convective winds of 40mph or greater lasting for one hour or longer or winds(sustained or gusts)of 58 mph for any duration on a widespread or localized basis. — Strong Wind—Non-convective winds gusting less than 58 mph, or sustained winds less than 40 mph,resulting in a fatality,injury, or damage. — Thunderstorm Wind—Winds, arising from convection(occurring within 30 minutes of lightning being observed or detected),with speeds of at least 58 mph,or winds of any speed(non-severe thunderstorm winds below 58 mph)producing a fatality, injury or damage. The Beaufort Wind Force Scale shown in Table 4.34 is an empirical measure that relates wind speed to observed conditions at sea or on land. In the United States,winds of force 6 to 7 are designated as "strong;"8 to 9"gale force;" 10 to 11 "usually results in a storm warning or tropical storm warning; and force 12 results in a hurricane warning. II alllh llllo II'oirca °all* Rating (MPH) Name Appearance of Wind Effects On Water On Land 0 <1 Calm Sea surface smooth and mirror- Calm,smoke rises vertically like 1 1-3 Light Air Scaly ripples, no foam crests Smoke drift indicates wind direction,still wind vanes 2 4-7 Light Small wavelets,crests glassy,no Wind felt on face, leaves rustle, Breeze breaking vanes begin to move 3 8-12 Gentle Large wavelets,crests begin to Leaves and small twigs constantly Breeze break,scattered whitecaps moving,light flags extended 4 13-18 Moderate Small waves 1-4 ft,becoming Dust,leaves,and loose paper lifted, Breeze longer,numerous whitecaps small tree branches move 5 19-24 Fresh Moderate waves 4-8 ft taking Small trees in leaf begin to sway Breeze longer to form, many whitecaps, some spray 6 25-31 Strong Larger waves 8-13 ft,whitecaps Larger tree branches moving, Breeze common, more spray whistling in wires 7 32-38 Near Gale Sea heaps up,waves 13-19 ft, Whole trees moving, resistance felt white foam streaks of breakers walking against wind 8 39-46 Gale Moderately high(18-25 ft)waves Twigs breaking off trees,generally of greater length,edges of crests impedes progress begin to break into spindrift, foam blown in streaks 9 47-54 Strong High waves(23-32 ft),sea begins Slight structural damage occurs, Gale to roll,dense streaks of foam, slate blows off roofs spray may reduce visibility 10 55-63 Storm Very high waves(29-41 ft)with Seldom experienced on land,trees overhanging crests,sea white broken or uprooted,"considerable with densely blown foam, heavy structural damage" rolling,lowered visibility 11 64-72 Violent Exceptionally high(37-52 ft) Very rarely experienced; Storm waves,foam patches cover sea, widespread damage visibility more reduced couu,w, a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy G aage'll I;;,„ 627 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Rating (MPH) Name Appearance of Wind Effects On Water On Land 12 73+ Hurricane Air filled with foam,waves over Devastation 45 ft,sea completely white with driving spray,visibility greatly reduced Source:NOAA Storm Prediction Center The strongest recorded thunderstorm wind event in the county occurred on February 2, 1998 when a C- MAN instrument recorded a peak wind speed of 119 mph at Long Key.Elsewhere in the County,winds ranged from 46 mph to 96 mph. The event caused one fatality when a man was crushed between a boat and a dock,but no injuries or damages. Impact: 2—Limited LIGI/7I G Lightning is measured by the Lightning Activity Level(LAL)scale,created by the NWS to define lightning activity into a specific categorical scale. The LAL is a common parameter that is part of fire weather forecasts nationwide. The scale is shown in Table 4.35. II alllh�llllc r'P " Il lilglliltuuilli,ig Activity Illl cvdl °allle Lightning Activity Level Scale LAL 1 No thunderstorms LAL 2 Isolated thunderstorms. Light rain will occasionally reach the ground. Lightning is very infrequent,1 to 5 cloud to ground lightning strikes in a five-minute period LAL 3 Widely scattered thunderstorms. Light to moderate rain will reach the ground. Lightning is infrequent,6 to 10 cloud to ground strikes in a five-minute period LAL 4 Scattered thunderstorms. Moderate rain is commonly produced. Lightning is frequent,11 to 15 cloud to ground strikes in a five-minute period LAL 5 Numerous thunderstorms. Rainfall is moderate to heavy. Lightning is frequent and intense,greater than 15 cloud to ground strikes in a five-minute period LAL 6 Dry lightning (same as LAL 3 but without rain). This type of lightning has the potential for extreme fire activity and is normally highlighted in fire weather forecasts with a Red Flag warning Source: National Weather Service With the right conditions in place,the entire county is susceptible to each lightning activity level as defined by the LAL. Most lightning strikes cause limited damage to specific structures in a limited area, and cause very few injuries or fatalities,and minimal disruption on quality of life. Impact: I—Minor HAIL The NWS classifies hail by diameter size,and corresponding everyday objects to help relay scope and severity to the population. Table 4.36 indicates the hailstone measurements utilized by the NWS. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy :rac,e'll I;,,'I13 628 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT ""III'"'alllhww�lllla r'PP�g... 1114IIIalillllstaul°wo III oasuuu^euu°ul�ww'M;;��uu�lrt�„�cuu°uI�wIIIPauu^liu cuu�l��„�Illl�l�auu^ Average Diameter Corresponding Household Object .25 inch Pea .5 inch Marble/Mothball .75 inch Dime/Penny .875 inch Nickel 1.0 inch Quarter 1.5 inch Ping-pong ball 1.75 inch Golf ball 2.0 inch Hen egg 2.5 inch Tennis ball 2.75 inch Baseball 3.00 inch Teacup 4.00 inch Grapefruit 4.5 inch Softball Source: National Weather Service The Tornado and Storm Research Organization(TORRO)has further described hail sizes by their typical damage impacts. Table 4.37 describes typical intensity and damage impacts of the various sizes of hail. alllh�lllla r'PPS" .. ""IIP'"cIIII^uuiaga ail°W Stciriii,iin I I'1!asaaircalllii 0irgzuu�l�liz tlilw'M iiii 1114°°Illalilllls rmuu^uu°ulw Illlii, teiiisllty °.allle Intensity Diameter Diameter Size Category (mm) (inches) Description Typical Damage Impacts Hard Hail 5-9 0.2-0.4 Pea No damage Potentially 10-15 0.4-0.6 Mothball Slight general damage to plants,crops Damaging Significant 16-20 0.6-0.8 Marble,grape Significant damage to fruit,crops,vegetation Severe 21-30 0.8-1.2 Walnut Severe damage to fruit and crops,damage to glass and plastic structures,paint and wood scored Severe 31-40 1.2-1.6 Pigeon's egg> Widespread glass damage,vehicle bodywork squash ball damage Destructive 41-50 1.6-2.0 Golf ball> Wholesale destruction of glass,damage to tiled Pullet's egg roofs,significant risk of injuries Destructive 51-60 2.0-2.4 Hen's egg Bodywork of grounded aircraft dented,brick walls pitted Destructive 61-75 2.4-3.0 Tennis ball> Severe roof damage, risk of serious injuries cricket ball Destructive 76-90 3.0-3.5 Large orange Severe damage to aircraft bodywork >softball Super 91-100 3.6-3.9 Grapefruit Extensive structural damage. Risk of severe or Hailstorms even fatal injuries to persons caught in the open Super >100 4.0+ Melon Extensive structural damage. Risk of severe or Hailstorms even fatal injuries to persons caught in the open Source:Tornado and Storm Research Organization(TORRO),Department of Geography,Oxford Brookes University Notes:In addition to hail diameter,factors including number and density of hailstones,hail fall speed and surface wind speeds affect severity. coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,my 13age'llld119 629 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT The average hailstone size recorded between 2000 and 2024 in Monroe County was a little over 1"in diameter;the largest hailstone recorded was 1.75",recorded on April 27,2003. The largest hailstone ever recorded in the U.S. fell in Vivian, SD on June 23,2010,with a diameter of 8 inches and a circumference of 18.62 inches. Impact: I—Minor '7 01WADOES Prior to February 1,2007,tornado intensity was measured by the Fujita(F) scale. This scale was revised and is now the Enhanced Fujita(EF)scale.Both scales are sets of wind estimates(not measurements) based on damage. The new scale provides more damage indicators(28)and associated degrees of damage,allowing for more detailed analysis,better correlation between damage and wind speed. It is also more precise because it takes into account the materials affected and the construction of structures damaged by a tornado. Table 4.38 shows the wind speeds associated with the enhanced Fujita scale ratings and damage that could result at different levels of intensity. II ullll' Illlu ::PS uuilllliauuuud III'ullio'tu Scalllr EF 3 Second Damage Number Gust(mph) 0 65-85 Light damage. Peels surface off some roofs;some damage to gutters or siding;branches broken off trees;shallow-rooted trees pushed over. 1 96-110 Moderate damage. Roofs severely stripped;mobile homes overturned or badly damaged;loss of exterior doors;windows and other glass broken. Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-constructed houses;foundations 2 111-135 of frame homes shifted; mobile homes completely destroyed;large trees snapped or uprooted; light-object missiles generated;cars lifted off ground. Severe damage. Entire stories of well-constructed houses destroyed;severe 3 136-165 damage to large buildings such as shopping malls;trains overturned;trees debarked; heavy cars lifted off the ground and thrown;structures with weak foundations blown away some distance. 4 166-200 Devastating damage. Well-constructed houses and whole frame houses completely leveled;cars thrown and small missiles generated. Incredible damage. Strong frame houses leveled off foundations and swept s Over 200 away;automobile-sized missiles fly through the air in excess of100 m; high- rise buildings have significant structural deformation;incredible phenomena will occur. The most intense tornado to pass through Monroe County in the period for which NCEI has recorded events was and F2 tornado on November 4, 1998.NCEI reports this storm caused$25,000,000 in damages,but no deaths or injuries. The tornado damaged over 600 structures,tore down utility lines, damaged vessels,and destroyed foliage. Impact: 3—Critical iIII C IC:Z SIC:'n0,t i..i.. Waterspouts are generally not a threat to any development on land,as they mostly stay over water. Boaters and people participating in marine activities are advised to stay a considerable distance away couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 630 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT from any observed waterspout. There is no scale comparable to the Fujita scale to measure the strength of a waterspout,however they generally are not expected to cause injury,death,or damage to residents or property in Monroe County. Waterspouts might be measured by their radius or wind speeds.An average waterspout is around 165 feet in diameter with wind speed around 50 mph,corresponding with an EFO tornado,and last on average 5 to 10 minutes.Larger waterspouts might have a maximum 330-foot diameter and can last as long as one hour. An October 2011 waterspout caused$10,000 in damages when it moved through the anchorage at Key West Harbor and damaged a vessel's cabin and hull after driving it ashore. Impact: I—Minor h°°III II ..1 S IG G"III Between January 1,2000 and November 30,2024,the NCEI recorded 53 separate incidents of thunderstorm winds,occurring on 38 separate days. These events caused$147,650 in recorded property damage,but no crop damages, fatalities,injuries were reported. The recorded gusts averaged 51.8 miles per hour,with the highest gusts recorded at 92.1 mph,recorded on November 25,2009. Of these events, 27 caused property damage. Wind gusts with property damage recorded averaged$6,415 in damage,with one gust causing a reported$60,000 in damage(in Marathon on August 9,2006). These incidents are aggregated by the date the events occurred and are recorded in Table 4.38 below: II uIIIEille : 'P 0 IllRecnirded llll iuuu,deiiiu^utnuu^uu°,ul fiiids,III nuuiuumne 1„nuuuirty,2000 2024 Wind Speed Property Location Date (mph) Fatalities Injuries Damage Key Largo 8/15/2000 58 0 0 $0 Marathon 8/26/2000 63 0 0 $0 Marathon 7/21/2001 -- 0 0 $0 Islamorada 7/22/2001 -- 0 0 $0 Islamorada 7/29/2001 58 0 0 $0 Plantation Key, 9/29/2001* 58 0 0 $0 Islamorada, Stock Island, Big Pine Key Ocean Reef 1/2/2002 64 0 0 $0 Key West 9/11/2002 58 0 0 $500 Key West NAS 12/9/2002 63 0 0 $5,000 Cudjoe Key 5/20/2003 58 0 0 $500 Key West, Key 5/5/2005* 58 0 0 $500 West Int'I Airport Marathon 6/2/2005 69 0 0 $60,000 Cudjoe Key 4/11/2007* 62 0 0 $500 Key Largo, 6/13/2007* 64 0 0 $8,500 Ocean Reef coi.du„iwy a u., a„� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily I wage'II3II 631 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Wind Speed Property Location Date (mph) Fatalities Injuries Damage Sugarloaf Key, 11/30/2008* 64 0 0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport Key Colony 2/2/2009* 70 0 0 $1,500 Beach, Marathon Big Coppitt 6/11/2009 51 0 0 $700 Island Stock Is 8/5/2009 45 0 0 $500 Marathon 11/25/2009* 92 0 0 $50,000 Long Key 2/12/2010 58 0 0 $0 Upper Key 4/26/2010 60 0 0 $1,700 Largo Grassy Key 12/18/2010 52 0 0 $1,000 Marathon, 1/17/2011* 52 0 0 $2,500 Stock Island, Key West Int'I Airport Tavernier 3/28/2011 63 0 0 $10,000 Key West NAS 8/24/2011 49 0 0 $500 Cudjoe Key 10/3/2011 49 0 0 $250 Tavernier 10/8/2011 60 0 0 $0 Key West Int'I 6/10/2015 59 0 0 $0 Airport Pirates Cove 7/21/2020 50 0 0 $0 Grassy Key 8/19/2020 52 0 0 $0 Key West Int'I 8/21/2020 52 0 0 $0 Airport Key Largo PT 4/11/2021 43 0 0 $500 AR PT Key West Int'I 8/28/2021 56 0 0 $0 Airport Rock Harbor 6/22/2023 48 0 0 $2,000 Key West Int'I 9/24/2023 51 0 0 $0 Airport Ocean Reef 11/16/2023 57 0 0 $0 Monroe 12/16/2023 35 0 0 $500 County/Upper Keys Monroe 12/16/2023 40 0 0 $500 County/Upper Keys Tavernier 7/21/2024 74 0 0 $0 Total O O $147,650 couu,wy a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily I13acpe'I113:2 632 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Source:NCEI;Note:*Multiple events occurred on these dates.Injury,fatality,and damage stats are totaled;wind speed is highest reported. In addition to recorded thunderstorm wind events,NCEI reports 3 high wind events during this same period. One such event,on August 1,2001,caused one fatality. A separate event,on January 11,2012, caused$2,000 in property damage. LI4I.../7N/ 4 According to NCEI data,there were 12 lightning strikes reported between 2000 and 2024. Of these, 6 recorded property damage totaling$73,000. The highest rate of property damage recorded for a single incident was$40,000.Four events caused a total of four injuries and no fatalities were reported.Event narratives indicate in some cases that property damage occurred but was not estimated;therefore, actual property damage amounts are higher.No crop damage was recorded by these strikes. It should be noted that lightning events recorded by the NCEI are only those that are reported; it is certain that additional lightning incidents have occurred in Monroe County. Table 4.40 details NCEI-recorded lightning strikes from 2000 through 2024. II clllh Mlle 16 40 Illtecouumded Ill lioglll^ftuiil iiig 0tii'lilllllltes 1111i III ouu uumoe t„ooul° tg 2000 2024 Location Date Time Fatalities Injuries Property Damage Key West 7/26/2000 16:50 0 1 $0 Duck Key 8/15/2000 9:57 0 0 $0 Marathon 9/10/2000 7:05 0 0 $0 Islamorada 8/14/2001 17:00 0 1 $0 Tavernier 10/1/2007 7:00 0 0 $20,000 Key West Int'I Airport 7/25/2009 15:45 0 1 $0 Big Pine 6/9/2010 19:24 0 0 $1,000 Key West Int'I Airport 7/22/2012 8:20 0 0 $40,000 Key Colony Beach 6/12/2013 19:30 0 0 $2,500 Stock Is 6/26/2013 9:20 0 1 $0 Ramrod Key 11/2/2018 21:11 0 0 $7,500 Key West Nas 7/19/2023 6:00 0 0 $2,000 Total 0 4 $73,000 Source: NCEI The following are a selection of narrative descriptions recorded in NCEI for lightning events that occurred in Monroe County: July 26,2000—Lightning struck a boat just west of Key West. Five people were knocked out of the boat with one person injured with burns. August 14,2001—Female injured by lightning during thunderstorm. She was touching the stainless steel counter of the restaurant she worked at when she was struck. October 1,2007—Strong thunderstorms over the Upper Keys produced heavy rainfall and a damaging lightning strike. The lightning struck the cupola of an unoccupied large oceanfront home in Plantation Key. The strike caused a small fire and damaged plumbing within the roof structure of the home. July 25,2009—A strong thunderstorm centered approximately 8 miles northwest of Key West produced a cloud-to-ground lightning strike. The lightning struck a palm tree near the entrance to White Street Pier couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioi4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jaiwi,my :rage'II3 3 633 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT in Key West. The bolt passed from the tree to a 19-year-old male. The strike survivor remained conscious and was treated at Lower Key Medical Center for minor injuries. July 22,2012—A positive-polarity lightning strike struck a residence in Key West within stratiform rainfall behind a northwest-moving squall line. The residence,a duplex,was severely damaged. The lightning struck the ground near the exterior jacuzzi in a side yard,near the front corner of the structure, leaving a hole in the ground roughly 2 feet by 2 feet and 18 inches deep. A ground rod and wire was installed for the jacuzzi but not attached. The charge followed the exterior power conduit to an exterior junction box,where the box's cover was blown free. Wires were charred,the conduit destroyed. The residence's washer/dryer electric supply was charred. The electric meter box exploded with wires charred and burned and all connections melted. In the front of the residence,wood was charred under metal screws securing the exterior soffit. Aluminum window frames in the front of the residence were melted with windows knocked out.Light bulbs in various locations throughout the residence were blown, including the bedroom lamps and ceiling fixture,bathroom wall fixture,and kitchen ceiling light fixture. The bathroom mirror was shattered. The residence was declared unfit for occupation due to damage to the electrical system,although no fire resulted. Keys Energy Services replaced a blown fuse for a transformer serving the residence,and three other residences had tripped circuits but no permanent damage was reported. The struck residence was occupied by one female at the time of the strike,who was observed by rescue personnel to not have any injuries. November 2,2018—An isolated thunderstorm near the lower Florida Keys produced a damaging lightning strike to a residence on Barbados Lane on Ramrod Key. The strike resulted in roof and electrical system damage.A neighboring residence also experienced electrical system damage. I...IAIL NCEI records 7 separate hail incidents across 3 days between January 1,2000 and December 31,2024 in Monroe County. Of these,one event resulted in$250 in property damage,and no events resulted in death, injury or crop damage. The largest diameter hail recorded in the County was 1.75 inches,which occurred on April 27,2003 in Key West. This was the largest hail ever reported since record began in 1871. The event was only the I I'time hail of any size had been recorded in Key West. The average hail size of all events in the County was just under over one inch in diameter. Table 4.41 shows the summary of hail occurrences. II alllh llllo 16,41...Suul°ouu°,ul auuyot 114laliullll Mcuuu^uumcuuiccs Illh y Illl ocatliooiii Location Number of Occurrences Average Hail Diameter Key Largo 1 0.75" Key West Int'I Airport 5 1.2" Pi necrest 1 0.88" Total 7 1.09" Source:NCEI Note:All 5 events at the Key West Int'I Airport occurred on the same day. The following narratives provide detail on select hailstorms from the above list of NCEI recorded events highlight how intertwined thunderstorm and hail events are: April 27,2003—A severe thunderstorm developed and moved southeast over Key West. Small hail of 1/2-inch or smaller began 15:02 EST over Old Town Key West and spread throughout the remainder of Key West, Stock Island,and Boca Chica Key through 15:27 EST. Golf ball-sized hail reported over central Key West on Flagler Avenue was the largest hail ever reported since records began in 1871 and couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioi4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jaiwi,wiy 634 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT tied the largest hail size ever reported in Monroe County,Florida. This event was the 1 Ith time hail of any size was recorded in the city of Key West since 1871. June 13,2007—A severe thunderstorm moved south out of Miami-Dade County on the mainland, crossed the east end of Florida Bay,and produced sporadic wind damage throughout North Key Largo, Key Largo and Rock Harbor. A landscaper reported 3/4 inch hail in Rock Harbor. June 15,2013—A surface frontal boundary moved into South Florida during the afternoon and generated numerous to widespread severe thunderstorms during the afternoon and early evening some with very large hail.Hail up to the size of baseballs and slightly larger was reported from two separate thunderstorms and this is only the sixth time since 1950 that baseball sized hail or larger has been reported anywhere in South Florida.A spotter reported nickel sized hail at the Loop Road Education Center. '7 017NADOES NCEI storm reports were reviewed from 2000 through 2024 to assess whether recent trends varied from the longer historical record.According to NCEI,Monroe County experienced 32 tornado incidents between 2000 and 2024,causing over$5.3 million in property damage but no injuries,fatalities, or crop damage. $5 million in damages came from one F2 event in Marathon on August 26,2005. However,this damage estimate may be under reported, as damage was reported in the narratives of many events but was not recorded in terms of a monetary value. Table 4.42 shows historical tornadoes in Monroe County during this time. cull�llllo 6,42 IllRecairdad""IIP"'oliriiiadoes li iii III ouuidui,ce 1 nuiiity,2000 2024 Location Date Time Magnitude Deaths/ Property Crop Injuries Damage Damage Big Pine Key 7/1/2000 1820 FO 0/0 $15,000 $0 Big Pine Key 8/18/2000 1450 FO 0/0 $0 $0 Key West 10/1/2003 1605 FO 0/0 $0 $0 Marathon 6/22/2005 1550 FO 0/0 $5,000 $0 Marathon 8/26/2005 345 F2 0/0 $5,000,000 $0 Sugarloaf Key 6/1/2007 1155 EFO 0/0 $20,000 $0 Marathon 6/24/2007 1258 EFO 0/0 $2,500 $0 Marathon 2/13/2008 1332 EFO 0/0 $2,000 $0 Big Coppitt Is 8/18/2008 1155 EFO 0/0 $1,000 $0 Summerland Key 8/18/2008 1300 EFO 0/0 $1,000 $0 Upper Key Largo 9/9/2008 1250 EFO 0/0 $25,000 $0 Craig Key 9/10/2008 242 ER 0/0 $120,000 $0 Sugarloaf Key 9/17/2008 1140 EFO 0/0 $0 $0 Stock Island 9/29/2008 1500 EFO 0/0 $0 $0 Key West Int'I 12/18/2009 1435 EFO 0/0 $10,000 $0 Arpt Key Largo Pt Arpt 12/18/2009 1755 EFO 0/0 $5,000 $0 Key Largo Pt Arpt 4/26/2010 1145 EFO 0/0 $15,000 $0 Key Largo Pt Arpt 8/30/2010 1810 EFO 0/0 $500 $0 Big Pine 4/5/2013 110 EFO 1 0/0 $30,000 $0 Key Colony 1/8/2016 630 EFO 0/0 $2,000 $0 Beach couu,w,w,« u'u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 635 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Location Date Time Magnitude Deaths/ Property Crop Injuries Damage Damage Key West Int'I 8/11/2017 1603 EFO 0/0 $0 $0 Arpt Tavernier 4/15/2018 1912 ER 0/0 $4,000 $0 Tavernier 4/15/2018 1912 EFO 0/0 $200 $0 Summerland Key 8/4/2019 1820 EFO 0/0 $0 $0 Highland PT 1/31/2020 2235 EFU 0/0 $0 $0 Rock Harbor 5/9/2022 1505 EFO 0/0 $0 $0 Pinecrest 9/27/2022 1610 EFU 0/0 $0 $0 Key West Int'I 8/16/2023 855 EFO 0/0 $0 $0 Arprt Big Coppit Island 11/15/2023 627 EFO 0/0 $1,500 $0 Summerland Key 2/18/2024 1302 EFO 0/0 $75,000 $0 Big Coppit Island 3/19/2024 301 EFO 0/0 $2,000 $0 Key West Int'I 10/8/2024 2237 ER 0/0 $0 $0 Arprt Total 0/0 $5,336,700.00 $0 Source: NCEI Narratives from NCEI illustrate that many of these events spawned from waterspouts. Specific incidents with some level of impact include: July 1,2000—A waterspout moved onshore along the south end of Big Pine Key. The event resulted in damage to a bed and breakfast inn. August 26,2005—Tornado damage path began at the oceanfront at 73rd Street Ocean(F1)in Marathon and moved northeast,crossing U.S.Highway 1 near 76th Street Ocean,passing through Marathon Airport before entering Florida Bay near the Sea Air Estates Subdivision. The most significant damage(F2) included concrete block residential structure shifted on foundation,A-frame residence shifted on pilings, and bent large steel I-Beams on recently constructed hangars at Marathon Airport. One boat sunk in canal. Extensive damage to porches and trees along narrow path. Damage from this tornado totaled$5 million. September 9& 10,2008—Hurricane Ike moved west to west-northwest across eastern Cuba,just offshore the south-central coast,and then crossed through western Cuba into the Gulf of Mexico. Tropical storm force winds and two tornadoes were reported in the Florida Keys.Damage from these tornadoes totaled$145,000. The first tornado touched down on the Atlantic side of U.S.Highway One and moved toward the northwest. The tornado caused minor damage to facia on a business on the bayside of U.S. Highway One, then moved into a residential area. One residence had two broken windows and another residence had an exterior wall penetrated with a 2x4 carried from a home under construction over 250 yards. Several trees and large limbs downed. Estimated maximum wind speed 60 to 70 mph. The second tornado occurred when a violent waterspout associated with a supercell made landfall in Lower Matecumbe Key at Sunset Drive and moved northwest,crossing U.S. Highway One and then along Palm Drive through a residential section near Mile Marker 74 on the Overseas Highway. The tornado damage path ended on Buttonwood Lane before reaching Florida Bay. Most damage was to deck railings, screens,windows and soffits on numerous homes.A few homes displayed more significant damage,including penetration through exterior doors and walls,with one home losing 50 percent of its roof decking. The EF 1 rating with estimated maximum wind speeds of 90 to 100 mph was based on roof couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 636 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT damage to a residence along Palm Drive. Debris from sheet metal paneling and mangrove branches may have contributed to a major power outage throughout all of the Keys from Islamorada through Key West as it was carried across U.S. Highway One and a major electrical transmission line. December 18,2009—A supercell thunderstorm tracked northeast along the Florida Keys. The thunderstorm first produced a weak tornado at the extreme southeast tip of Key West and south Stock Island,then tracked northeast just north of Big Pine Key before crossing the Upper Florida Keys from the west-southwest at Key Largo. A second weak tornado was reported at several Florida Bay shoreline properties. A weak tornado produced EFO damage across the extreme southeast part of Key West through south Stock Island. The tornado was first observed by a motorist just offshore South Roosevelt Boulevard before moving briefly onshore at a hotel. Over a half dozen palm trees with some decay were snapped at the base. Lawn furniture was blown southeast in the tornado's wake. The tornado tracked northeast across Cow Key Channel before moving ashore again on south Stock Island along 12th Avenue. Two trees were downed,and a deck umbrella was lofted northeast from the east end of 1 Ith Avenue onto power lines on 5th Street,bringing down the lines and causing a power outage throughout the area. The tornado continued northeast and likely lifted or dissipated over 5th Avenue northeast of Bernstein Park where a small ornamental tree was found snapped at the base and several trashcans had fallen and rolled to the south or southeast. At the tornado's northeast terminus,a television cable line was downed. Maximum winds were estimated at 60 to 70 mph along the path from Key West through 1 Ith Avenue in Stock Island. The same supercell also caused a short-lived weak tornado near Mile Marker 104 of the Overseas Highway. The tornado produced minor damage with some outdoor furniture destroyed and ornamental palm trees downed in a parking lot at a Florida Bay-side business,and porch screens blown out at a restaurant next door. Maximum winds estimated at 65 mph. April 26,2010—A waterspout accompanying a line of severe thunderstorms moved onshore the Florida Bay side of Key Largo at the Marriott Florida Bay Resort. A tree was blown down blocking part of U.S. Highway 1 in front of the hotel. An outdoor day spa consisting of a thatched roof and bamboo shutters and interior mirrors was destroyed.Weighted deck loungers were blown across the pool deck and significant landscaping damage occurred on the waterfront side of the hotel. The tornado quickly dissipated over U.S.Highway 1. Estimated maximum winds were near 70 mph. April 5,2013—A complex surface low pressure system supported by a sharp upper trough of low pressure extending southward into the Gulf of Mexico produced strong thunderstorms in the Florida Straits. One thunderstorm produced a waterspout which moved ashore along the oceanside of Long Beach Drive and passed over a bed-and-breakfast inn at its maximum intensity and width of about 80 yards. Widespread damage to large limbs of native hardwood trees occurred, and one royal palm snapped at a level above 15 feet. A ground deck with four kayaks became airborne and dropped in mangroves 30 yards away.A large unmounted above-ground cistern containing nearly 200 gallons of water slid over 15 yards,knocking a large camping trailer off its front mount.Bolts securing a large grill to wood ground decking were sheared off. While numerous tables and lounge chairs were carried to the leeward side of the property,one 40-lb steel lounge chair was lifted to the edge of the roof line of the two-story residence, crushing the rain gutter,before settling in the lee of the structure. Small gravel and pea rock along the waterfront caused moderate to severe paint chipping on the oceanside of several homes. Screens including their wood frames were torn off several residences'oceanside porches,with one home losing about 40 percent of its oceanside vinyl siding. A phone line was downed along Long Beach Drive. The tornado continued across mud flats along the southeast edge of Coupon Bight,where only isolated damage to mangrove branches was observed. Small limbs were observed downed across Long Beach Drive between Southeast Point and U.S.Highway 1,eventually crossed through a campground just south couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I13acpe'I113 637 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT of the Spanish Harbor Channel Bridge. Several tents including one large aluminum-framed dome tent structure were overturned before the tornado likely passed into Spanish Harbor Channel. The intensity of the tornado at Spanish Harbor Channel had decreased since its original landfall with estimated winds near 60 mph. April 15,2018—A fast-moving pre-frontal squall line passing through the upper Florida Keys developed an embedded supercell thunderstorm along the Florida Bay side of Upper Matecumbe Key. The supercell thunderstorm moved east-northeast,producing a waterspout which was observed backlit by lightning shortly before making landfall as a tornado at Indian Mound Trail in Plantation Key, Islamorada. Large gumbo limbo tree limbs and the top of a palm tree were downed,as well as other hardwood trees. The rolling driveway gate on an adjacent residence was completely dislodged from its mounts and pushed into a trailered boat and car and an entire gutter and downspout system was removed from another residence. Numerous loose items were moved from the backyards and understory of homes onto front lawns and streets. Most of the observed damage in the Indian Waterways community were consistent with 60 to 70 mph,with possible spot values near 75 mph. The tornado crossed a patch of mangroves and undeveloped forest and reached greatest intensity at San Pedro Catholic Church where a large tree split at the trunk and an old-growth mahogany was uprooted, falling onto a portion of the structure connecting the rectory with the main church. The roof was not substantially damaged. However, several barrel tiles were removed from the peak ridges forming the hip roof pattern over the rectory,as well as from the southeast edge of the church, onto the top of the church's main entrance.Numerous large limbs were downed toward the east,with lightweight free-standing signs deposited northward cross the tornado path from right to left. Estimated wind speeds were maximized in the range of 90 to 100 mph with maximum width near 60 yards. The tornado continued toward the east-northeast, crossing U.S. Highway 1 and the Old Highway, but weakened such that only large tree limbs were downed. The tornado moved out over the ocean as a waterspout and made a second landfall near Lincoln Avenue on the far southwest portion of Tavernier's oceanside.A progressive narrowing of the damage path down to nearly 30 yards as well as a turn toward the northwest or north-northwest was observed. Impacts lessened and included damaged fences and large limbs gradually down to smaller limbs and twigs.No further impacts were observed northeast of Lowe Street. It is likely the wind speeds 55 to 65 mph were observed,weakening to below 50 mph roughly 3 blocks from the waterfront. February 18,2024-A waterspout originating southwest of Cudjoe Bay made landfall as an EFO tornado over southern portions of Cudjoe Key. The tornado crossed U.S.Highway 1, and continued northeast as a waterspout until a second landfall as an EFO tornado over central Big Torch Key. The tornado was associated with a supercell thunderstorm with a well-defined mesocyclone moving northeast over the Lower Florida Keys. WA�11::ii ll:? II:)OUV Due to the warm,humid nature and coastal geography,waterspouts occur in the Florida Keys more than anywhere else in the world. In fact,between 50 and 500 waterspouts occur per year.NCEI's storm event database changed how it reports on waterspouts and as of October 2001 ceased reporting waterspouts by county in favor of reporting by region(i.e. South Atlantic). However,for the period in which it did report by county(January 1996 through October 2001)Monroe County experienced 315 waterspout events across 184 separate days. Two of these events caused damage to property; none caused damage to crops, injuries or fatalities. Table 4.43 below lists waterspout events by date from 2000 through Sept.2001; Table 4.43 summarizes waterspouts by location from Oct. 2001 through November 30,2024 to illustrate the frequency at which these events occur. w 01,1110S . �.ouir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily I13acpe'I113:I1!3 638 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT II cllbllW 16.163 IllRecairdcd cteirgll"uctsm III cuuiuumce(:cuiiity,2000 Sq t.2001 #of Fatalities/ Property Location(s) Date Events Injuries Damage Key West Int'I Airport 2/3/2000 3 0/0 $0 Summerland Key 3/5/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key Largo 3/18/2000 1 0/0 $0 Big Pine Key, Marathon 3/31/2000 5 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport, Ramrod Key 4/8/2000 3 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 5/7/2000 2 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 5/17/2000 3 0/0 $0 Marathon 5/23/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport, Plantation, Marathon 5/30/2000 3 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 5/31/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport, Duck Key 6/l/2000 3 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 6/3/2000 2 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 6/4/2000 3 0/0 $0 Upper Key Largo 6/5/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 6/11/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 6/21/2000 1 0/0 $0 Big Pine Key 6/28/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 7/l/2000 1 0/0 $0 Marathon 7/2/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 7/6/2000 1 0/0 $0 Marathon, Duck Key 7/16/2000 2 0/0 $0 Duck Key, Big Coppitt Island,Summerland Key 7/22/2000 3 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 7/23/2000 2 0/0 $0 Marathon 7/26/2000 1 0/0 $0 Duck Key, Key West Int'I Airport,Big Coppitt 7/28/2000 5 0/0 $0 Island Marathon 7/29/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 8/3/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 8/9/2000 2 0/0 $0 Marathon 8/11/2000 1 0/0 $0 Duck Key 8/15/2000 2 0/0 $0 Islamorada 8/16/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 8/17/2000 2 0/0 $0 Big Pine Key 8/18/2000 1 0/0 $0 Long Key,Summerland Key, Key West, Duck Key 8/19/2000 4 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 8/21/2000 2 0/0 $0 Key West NAS 8/27/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 8/28/2000 1 0/0 $0 Marathon 9/9/2000 1 0/0 $0 Summerland Key 9/10/2000 1 0/0 $0 Marathon 9/11/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West NAS 9/26/2000 1 0/0 $0 Marathon, Key West Int'I Airport 9/28/2000 3 0/0 $0 couu,w, a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily :rage'I113" 639 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT #of Fatalities/ Property Location(s) Date Events Injuries Damage Big Pine Key 9/30/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West NAS,Key West Int'I Airport, Ramrod Key 10/1/2000 4 0/0 $0 Big Pine Key 10/5/2000 1 0/0 $0 Summerland Key 10/6/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport, Key West NAS, Marathon 10/8/2000 3 0/0 $0 Marathon 3/2/2001 1 0/0 $0 Islamorada 4/26/2001 1 0/0 $0 Key West, Key West Int'I Airport 5/1/2001 3 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 5/20/2001 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 5/31/2001 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport, Big Pine Key, Ramrod Key 6/14/2001 3 0/0 $0 Big Pine Key, Big Coppit Island, Key West Int'I 6/16/2001 4 0/0 $0 Airport Big Coppit Island 6/17/2001 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 7/11/2001 1 0/0 $0 Tavernier, Long Key, Duck Key 7/15/2001 3 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 7/18/2001 1 0/0 $0 Key Largo 7/21/2001 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport, Key West NAS 8/10/2001 2 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 8/11/2001 1 0/0 $0 Rock Harbor,Upper Key Largo 8/26/2001 2 0/0 $0 Key Colony Beach 9/8/2001 2 0/0 $0 Craig Key 9/12/2001 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 9/18/2001 2 0/0 $0 Marathon 9/19/2001 1 0/0 $0 East Cape 9/22/2001 1 0/0 $0 Sugarloaf Key, Key West Int'I Airport 9/26/2001 2 0/0 $0 Total 122 0/0 $O Source:NCEI II sllll Mlle 6,44 IIIRecairded eteuu"gI,)auts,Ill aiiviroe(ouuuity,(Xt.2001 IIiav,2024 Location #of Events Fatalities/injuries Property Damage Alligator Reef Light 23 0/0 $0 American Shoal Light 28 0/0 $0 Big Coppitt Key 64 0/0 $0 Big Pine Key 160 0/0 $200 Cosgrove Shoal Light 1 0/0 $0 Dry Tortugas 4 0/0 $0 Duck Key 37 0/0 $0 Islamorada 19 0/0 $0 Key Largo 37 0/0 $0 Key West 343 0/0 $4,000 Marathon 103 0/0 $0 Marquesas Keys 3 0/0 $0 coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily I wage'll4u0 640 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Location #of Events Fatalities/injuries Property Damage Molasses Reef Light 8 0/0 $0 Plantation Key 11 0/0 $0 Sand Key Light 26 0/0 $0 Smith Shoal Light 18 0/0 $0 Snipe Point 36 0/0 $0 Sombrero Key Light 25 0/0 $0 Summerland Key 61 0/0 $0 Tennessee Reef Light 10 0/0 $0 Total 1,017 0/0 $4,200 Source:NCEI Two of the recorded waterspouts caused$4,200 in property damage;no recorded events caused death or injury.Waterspouts have occurred in close proximity to all jurisdictions and unincorporated areas except for Layton and Key Colony Beach,however that does not mean they have not occurred. The following narrative descriptions describe the potential damage caused by waterspouts: August 5,2008—Towering cumulus cloud lines produced a couple waterspouts along the north side of the Lower Florida Keys.A short-duration waterspout was approximately one-mile northeast of Sugarloaf Key. The waterspout drifter over a vessel,producing minor damage. May 5,2019—Two waterspouts formed in succession and in association with a cloud line along the north side of Key West. The second waterspout was observed to develop within Garrison Bight outside of the Palm Drive Bridge, and drifted slowly west,reaching a dock at a sailing center. 3 catamarans were considerably damaged due to overturning while tied to the dock, causing the dock planking to twist and detach from the pilings. 3 other vessels at the same dock had minor damage with ripped covers and canopy tops. A video relayed by social media showed the width of the spray ring was only a few yards across,with the spray ring dissipating before the waterspout reached shore. No damage was observed onshore at the sailing center nor an adjacent marina. G IG? III'i i II IL...IL.I SIC........ IC........ .... Based on historical occurrences recorded by NCEI for the 25-year period from 2000 through 2024, Monroe County averages 2.1 thunderstorm wind events per year—27 of these events caused property damage. Over this same period, 12 lightning events were reported which equates to an average of 0.48 lightning strikes per year. Additionally,the average hailstorm in Monroe County occurs in the afternoon and has a hail stone with a diameter of just over one inch. Over the 25-year period from 2000 through 2024, Monroe County experienced 7 reported hail incidents;this averages 0.28 reported incidents per year somewhere in the planning area. Based on these historical occurrences,there is a 100%chance that the County will experience severe weather each year. The probability of a damaging impacts is highly likely. 7..017NADO In a 25-year period between 2000 and 2024,Monroe County experienced 32 separate tornado incidents. This correlates to over a 100 percent annual probability that the Region will experience a tornado somewhere in its boundaries. However,only one of these events was an F2;therefore,the annual probability of a significant tornado event is around 5 percent.Additionally,it his highly likely the County couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I wage'll4u II 641 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT will experience a waterspout, although waterspouts themselves cause minimal damage,many of the damaging tornadoes experienced in Monroe County began as waterspouts. Probability: 4—Highly Likely IL.......IIII" II°°°°°III A`4 G According to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA),thunderstorm events in the future are likely to become more frequent in the southeast because of weather extremes. Thunderstorm potential is measured by an index that NASA created called the Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE)index. This measures how warm and moist the air is,which is a major contributing factor in thunderstorm/tornado formation. Between 1979 and 2021,Monroe County experienced 10-40 more days on average with CAPE at or above 1,000 J/kg,which is considered a high cape value. Figure 4.27 below shows the change in days with high potential for thunderstorms nationwide. I Iguii* r,211't'........t„ IIhaiiige Ii iii IIII°Nmyswitlllhi 1114°°IIIliuyllll i""III"''llllliuuuliy'euu^e uul°uu°,ul Ill'wuteiiitlioWl fii,oiii,iii 1 "' ' te2C21 s- 1, n. Source:NCEP North American Regional Reanalysis,Climate Central 2022 For a thunderstorm to become a supercell event,meaning that it produces more severe weather like large hail,damaging winds,and tornadoes,it relies on not only warm moist air,but also wind at different levels moving in different directions at different speed(wind shear).As the planet warms,wind shear,unlike warm,moist air,is expected to decrease. Therefore,it is difficult to predict if more supercell thunderstorm events and the tornadoes they can bring with them are more likely to occur. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioi4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jaiv,wiy 13ttage'II41l2' 642 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Additionally,while supercell events are associated with tornadoes,only about 20%of supercell thunderstorms produce tornadoes. To complicate things further,no one fully understands how tornadoes are formed. Therefore,there is no identified conclusion on how climate change will impact tornadoes. The relationship between hail and climate change is also unclear,however,a 2022 study shows that climate change could increase severe and/or significant spring hailstorms within the Central U.S. (Fan, et.al,2022).Lightning has a more direct correlation with increasing temperatures as it occurs more frequently when the temperature is hotter than when it is colder. Romps,et. al postulate that lightning will increase by 12%for every degree of rise global average air temperature. IL...II''^ III.........G G i II IL...II"'I Y Y ASS SS M ` ..1.. PEOPLE People and populations exposed to the elements are most vulnerable to severe weather. A common hazard associated with wind events is falling trees and branches.Risk of being struck by lightning is greater in open areas,at higher elevations,and on the water.Lightning can also cause cascading hazards,including power loss. Loss of power could critically impact those relying on energy to service,including those that need powered medical devices. Additionally,the ignition of fires is always a concern with lightning strikes. The availability of sheltered locations such as basements,buildings constructed using hail-resistant materials and methods,and public storm shelters,all reduce the exposure of the population. Individuals who work outdoors may face increased risk. Residents living in mobile homes are also more vulnerable to hail events due to the lack of shelter locations and the vulnerability of the housing unit to damages. The availability of sheltered locations such as basements,buildings constructed using hail-resistant materials and methods,and public storm shelters,all reduce the exposure of the population.Residents living in mobile homes are more vulnerable to hail,wind,and tornado events due to the lack of shelter locations and the vulnerability of the housing unit to damages. Overall,the housing stock in Monroe County includes 3,286 mobile home units,representing 9%of housing. Waterspouts are unlikely to cause death or injury—none were reported by NCEI.However, an exceptionally strong waterspout may lead to death or injury of individuals trapped on boat or in the water in its path. Since 2000,the NCEI records 4 injuries, and no fatalities attributed to lightning in Monroe County.NCEI records no fatalities,and no injuries attributed to wind,hail, or tornado events in Monroe County. OPER 7.Y All property,including residential and commercial buildings as well as critical facilities and infrastructure,are vulnerable to impacts from severe storms and tornadoes. Property damage caused by lightning usually occurs in one of two ways—either by direct damages through fires ignited by lightning,or by secondary impacts due to power loss.According to data collected on lightning strikes in Monroe County,recorded property damage was due to structure fires and damage to electrical systems. NCEI reports$73,000 in property damage due to lightning impacts over 25 years(2000-2024).Based on these records,the planning area experiences an annualized loss of$2,920 in property damage. The average impact from lightning per incident in Monroe County is $6,083. General damages to property from hail are direct,including destroyed windows,dented cars, and building,roof and siding damage in areas exposed to hail.Hail can also cause enough damage to cars to couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy :rage'I11413 643 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT cause them to be totaled. The level of damage is commensurate with both a material's ability to withstand hail impacts,and the size of the hailstones that are falling. Construction practices and building codes can help maximize the resistance of the structures to damage.Large amounts of hail may need to be physically cleared from roadways and sidewalks, depending on accumulation.Hail can cause other cascading impacts,including power loss. During a 25-year span between 2000 to 2024 in Monroe County,NCEI reported$250 in property damage as a direct result of hail. It should be noted that property damage due to hail is usually insured loss,with damages covered under most major comprehensive insurance plans. Because of this,hail losses are notoriously underreported by the NCEI. It is difficult to find an accurate repository of hail damages in Monroe County,thus the NCEI is still used to form a baseline. Wind events reported in NCEI for the 25-year period from 2000 through 2024 totaled$147,650 in property damage,which equates to an annualized loss of$5,906 across the planning area. Damage from tornadoes to property are both direct(what the tornado physically destroys)and indirect, which focuses on additional costs,damages and losses attributed to secondary hazards spawned by the tornado,or due to the damages caused by the tornado. Depending on the size of the tornado and its path, a tornado is capable of damaging and eventually destroying almost anything. Construction practices and building codes can help maximize the resistance of the structures to damage. Secondary impacts of tornado damage often result from damage to infrastructure.Downed power and communications transmission lines,coupled with disruptions to transportation,create difficulties in reporting and responding to emergencies. These indirect impacts of a tornado put tremendous strain on a community. In the immediate aftermath,the focus is on emergency services. Since 2000, damaging tornadoes in the County are directly responsible for nearly$5,336,700 worth of damage to property according to NCEI data. This equates to an annualized loss of$213,468. Waterspouts are unlikely to cause significant property damage unless they come on land as a tornado,in which case damage would be similar to that of a tornado. Otherwise,waterspouts may cause damage to property in the water, such as boats and other recreational items.Per NCEI,no property was damaged from waterspouts in Monroe County. The main environmental impact from wind is damage to trees or crops. Wind events can also bring down power lines,which could cause a fire and result in even greater environmental impacts. Lightning may also result in the ignition of wildfires. This is part of a natural process,however,and the environment will return to its original state in time. Hail can cause extensive damage to the natural environment,pelting animals,trees and vegetation with hailstones.Melting hail can also increase both river and flash flood risk. Tornadoes can cause massive damage to the natural environment,uprooting trees and other debris within the tornado's path. This is part of a natural process,however,and the environment will return to its original state in time.Waterspouts may cause damage to marshes and wetlands. This is part of a natural process,however, and the environment will return to its original state in time. CONSEQUENCEANA1 MS Table 4.45 summarizes the potential negative consequences of severe storms and tornadoes. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 644 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT II1111�11114blW 16.16S t„c iiisedce iiicc nWlyslills dcvsllllmc dt iriiu°iins suu id""IIP"' irii1sdoe�s Category Consequences Public Injuries;fatalities Responders Injuries;fatalities;potential impacts to response capabilities due to storm impacts Continuity of Potential impacts to continuity of operations due to storm impacts;delays in Operations(including providing services Continued Delivery of Services) Property, Facilities and Possibility of structure fire ignition; potential for disruptions in power and Infrastructure communications infrastructure;destruction and/or damage to any exposed property,especially windows,cars and siding; mobile homes see increased risk.The weakest tornadoes, EFO,can cause minor roof damage,while strong tornadoes can destroy frame buildings and even badly damage steel reinforced concrete structures. Buildings are vulnerable to direct impact from tornadoes and from wind borne debris. Mobile homes are particularly susceptible to damage during tornadoes. Environment Potential fire ignition from lightning; hail damage to wildlife and foliage. Potential devastating impacts in storm's path. Economic Condition Lightning damage contingent on target;can severely impact/destroy critical of the Jurisdiction infrastructure and other economic drivers.Contingent on tornado's path;can severely impact/destroy critical infrastructure and other economic drivers. Public Confidence in Public confidence is not generally affected by severe weather events if the Jurisdiction's response and recovery are not timely and effective. Governance ASSOCA "'III......... Ih°°III IZI IG�flI':' Natural hazards are often interconnected.Any given hazard may lead to,or be spurred by,another hazard —sometimes referred to as cascading disasters. Severe storms and tornadoes may be associated with floods and tropical cyclones. Ih°°III I1III1111"S H114 IGII" I11 ..1.. Development is not expected to impact the incidence of severe storms and tornadoes.As the county grows,overall asset exposure will increase,which may increase risk. Increases in mobile home and manufactured home units would cause more significant increases in vulnerability. III'i IL...III 14 III ..III........." 1 ..1...... Severe weather events are highly likely to continue occurring in Monroe County. Communities should consider examining power redundancy and surge protection solutions for critical facilities to maintain operations in the event of a power outage. Past severe storm events caused injuries to individuals outside and/or in high-risk locations during these events. Solutions might include an awareness campaign to educate the public on severe weather risk and preparedness. A robust tornado preparedness education and outreach program would benefit the community to understand risk and reduce damage;this might include the link between waterspouts and tornadoes,how to shelter from tornadoes,and damage caused from flying debris,among others. IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily attage'11415 645 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT The City of Marathon and the Unincorporated areas of the County have larger shares of mobile home units within their jurisdiction,the population living in these mobile homes are more vulnerable to tornado and wind impacts. Although the County utilizes the most recent Florida Building Code to ensure new buildings—especially critical facilities—can withstand severe winds associated with severe storms and tornadoes(as well as tropical cyclones),buildings that predate building codes are more vulnerable.A study of such buildings and potential retrofits would decrease vulnerability of these structures. Ih°°°°III G G II'::', S U " I" G? III'iY J IG G II II'::', II T II 0II''^ The following tables summarize tornadoes and thunderstorm risk by jurisdiction.Most aspects of tornadoes and thunderstorm risk do not vary substantially by jurisdiction;however,wind and hail impacts may be greater in more highly developed areas with higher exposure in terms of both property and population density. Additionally,mobile home units are more vulnerable to wind damage. While mobile home units do not comprise a significant proportion of any jurisdictions' housing mix,mobile units make up 13%and 10%of the housing stock in unincorporated Monroe County and the City of Marathon, respectively. Spatial Warning Jurisdiction Probability Impact Extent Time Duration Score Priority Key Colony Beach 4 1 3 4 1 2.6 M Key West 4 1 3 4 1 2.6 M Layton 4 1 3 4 1 2.6 M Marathon 4 2 3 4 1 2.9 M Islamorada 4 1 3 4 1 2.6 M Unincorporated 4 2 3 4 1 2.9 M Monroe County LIB I.../7NINE AND I..°1 NN.. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial WarningDuration Score Priority Extent Time All Jurisdictions 4 1 1 4 1 2.2 M Spatial Warning Jurisdiction Probability Impact Extent Time Duration Score Priority Key Colony Beach 3 2 2 4 1 2.4 M Key West 3 2 2 4 1 2.4 M Layton 3 2 2 4 1 2.4 M Marathon 3 3 2 4 1 2.7 M Islamorada 3 2 2 4 1 2.4 M Unincorporated 3 3 2 4 1 2.7 M Monroe County coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily I wage'll4u6 646 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT .7... OP/CAI.. CYCI ONEIS Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Tropical Cyclones Highly Likely Catastrophic Large More than 24 hrs Less than 1 week .......... Hurricanes and tropical storms are classified as cyclones and defined as any closed circulation developing around a low-pressure center in which the winds rotate counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere(or clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere)and whose diameter averages 10 to 30 miles across. A tropical cyclone refers to any such circulation that develops over tropical waters. Tropical cyclones act as a "safety-valve,"limiting the continued build-up of heat and energy in tropical regions by maintaining the atmospheric heat and moisture balance between the tropics and the pole-ward latitudes. The primary damaging forces associated with these storms are high-level sustained winds,heavy precipitation,and tornadoes. The key energy source for a tropical cyclone is the release of latent heat from the condensation of warm water. Their formation requires a low-pressure disturbance,warm sea surface temperature,rotational force from the spinning of the earth,and the absence of wind shear in the lowest 50,000 feet of the atmosphere. Most hurricanes and tropical storms form in the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico during the official Atlantic hurricane season,which encompasses the months of June through November. The peak of the Atlantic hurricane season is in early to mid-September and the average number of storms that reach hurricane intensity per year in the Atlantic basin is about six. While hurricanes pose the greatest threat to life and property,tropical storms and depressions also can be devastating. A tropical disturbance can grow to a more intense stage through an increase in sustained wind speeds. As an incipient hurricane develops,barometric pressure(measured in millibars or inches)at its center falls and winds increase. If the atmospheric and oceanic conditions are favorable,it can intensify into a tropical depression.When maximum sustained winds reach or exceed 39 miles per hour,the system is designated a tropical storm,given a name,and is monitored by the National Hurricane Center in Miami, Florida.When sustained winds reach or exceed 74 miles per hour the storm is deemed a hurricane. Hurricanes are given a classification based on the Saffir-Simpson Scale;this scale is reproduced in Table 4.46. The progression of a tropical disturbance is described below. Tropical Depression: A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 38 mph(33 knots)or less. Tropical Storm: A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 39 to 73 mph(34 to 63 knots). Hurricane: A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 74 mph(64 knots)or higher. In the western North Pacific,hurricanes are called typhoons; similar storms in the Indian Ocean and South Pacific Ocean are called cyclones. Major Hurricane: A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 111 mph(96 knots)or higher, corresponding to a Category 3,4 or 5 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale. The greatest potential for loss of life related to a hurricane is from the storm surge. Storm surge is water that is pushed toward the shore by the force of the winds swirling around the storm as shown in Figure 4.28. This advancing surge combines with the normal tides to create the hurricane storm tide,which can increase the mean water level to heights impacting roads,homes and other critical infrastructure. In addition,wind driven waves are superimposed on the storm tide. This rise in water level can cause severe flooding in coastal areas,particularly when the storm tide coincides with the normal high tides. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I13acpe°I1147 647 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT The maximum potential storm surge for a location depends on several different factors. Storm surge is a very complex phenomenon because it is sensitive to the slightest changes in storm intensity, forward speed, size(radius of maximum winds-RMW),angle of approach to the coast,central pressure(minimal contribution in comparison to the wind),and the shape and characteristics of coastal features such as bays and estuaries. Other factors which can impact storm surge are the width and slope of the continental shelf and the depth of the ocean bottom.A narrow shelf, or one that drops steeply from the shoreline and subsequently produces deep water close to the shoreline,tends to produce a lower surge but higher and more powerful storm waves.A shallow slope, as is found off the coast of Monroe County,will produce a greater storm surge than a steep shelf. IIIIguuumo 6,"28 t„ouu°'uI IIIPouuiouuitso'i1114°°Illuuu^uu^liussuu�s'stouu^uu°'ul suillge r Source: NOAA/The COMET Program Damage during hurricanes may also result from inland flooding from associated heavy rainfall. Like hurricanes,nor'easters are ocean storms capable of causing substantial damage to coastal areas in the Eastern United States due to their strong winds and heavy surf.Nor'easters are named for the winds that blow in from the northeast and drive the storm up the East Coast along the Gulf Stream. They are caused by the interaction of the jet stream with horizontal temperature gradients and generally occur during the fall and winter months when moisture and cold air are plentiful. Nor'easters are known for dumping heavy amounts of rain and snow,producing hurricane-force winds, and creating high surf that causes severe beach erosion and coastal flooding. There are two main components to a nor'easter: (1)a Gulf Stream low-pressure system(counter-clockwise winds)generated off the southeastern U.S. coast,gathering warm air and moisture from the Atlantic,and pulled up the East Coast by strong northeasterly winds at the leading edge of the storm; and(2) an Arctic high-pressure system(clockwise winds)which meets the low-pressure system with cold, arctic air blowing down from Canada.When the two systems collide,the moisture and cold air produce a mix of precipitation and can produce dangerously high winds and heavy seas. As the low-pressure system deepens,the intensity of the winds and waves increases and can cause serious damage to coastal areas as the storm moves northeast. Warning Time: I—More than 24 hours Duration: 3—Less than 1 week w 01,1110S . �.ouir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I wage'll4u I13 648 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT OCA..1 II ` Hurricanes and tropical storms can occur anywhere within Monroe County and its jurisdictions.While coastal areas are most vulnerable to hurricanes,their wind and rain impacts can be felt hundreds of miles inland. Storm surge impacts are more limited, affecting areas along coastal and estuarine shorelines and reaching further inland depending on the height of the surge.All of Monroe County and its jurisdictions are vulnerable to hurricane and tropical storm surge.Figure 4.29 shows potential storm surge inundation for a 100-yr storm surge event and Figure 4.30 shows inundation for the 500-yr storm surge event.As shown in these maps,almost all of Monroe County and its jurisdictions are vulnerable to storm surge impacts from the 100yr storm surge event. The 500yr storm surge event inundates a similar extent but produces higher flood depths further inland. Maps of storm surge impacts by jurisdiction are available in individual jurisdictional annexes. Spatial Extent: 4—Large couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I wacpu:11419 649 O U) co . P4 In � 4 0 lMH al n 1 y a, tw u� W H fin. Z 0 40 t3 i a6 W � III i I i' t " Cl Lo ^, r �O ., 4 A r q r � � u L.. y� III N W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Z � 0 w c�q w7 �r Wmm Lo CU w� a mml �„ aw Z SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT IICIIIIIII�..�..IICIIIIIII II°" ..�.. Hurricanes and tropical storms can cause catastrophic damage to coastlines and several hundred miles inland.Wind speed is the determining factor in the Saffir-Simpson Scale(Table 4.46),which is used as a measure of hurricane intensity and rated on a scale of 1 to 5,with 5 being the most intense. Hurricane force winds can extend outward by about 35 miles from the eye of a small hurricane to more than 150 miles from the center of a large hurricane. Tropical storm force winds may extend even further, up to approximately 300 miles from the eye of a large hurricane. In general,the front right quadrant of a storm,relative to its direction of movement,is the most dangerous part of the storm. Wind speeds are highest in this area due to the additive impact of the atmospheric steering winds and the storm winds. slllh llll 16,46 Sa'f'flilul° S!1111°11in111,Isoiili ScWe Maximum Category Sustained Types of Damage Wind Speed(MPH) Very dangerous winds will produce some damage;Well- constructed frame homes could have damage to roof,shingles, 1 74-95 vinyl siding and gutters. Large branches of trees will snap,and shallowly rooted trees may be toppled.Extensive damage to power lines and poles likely will result in power outages that could last a few to several days. Extremely dangerous winds will cause extensive damage;Well- constructed frame homes could sustain major roof and siding 2 96-110 damage. Many shallowly rooted trees will be snapped or uprooted and block numerous roads. Near-total power loss is expected with outages that could last from several days to weeks. Devastating damage will occur;Well-built framed homes may incur major damage or removal of roof decking and gable ends. Many 111-129 trees will be snapped or uprooted,blocking numerous roads. Electricity and water will be unavailable for several days to weeks after the storm passes. Catastrophic damage will occur;Well-built framed homes can sustain severe damage with loss of most of the roof structure 130-156 and/or some exterior walls.Most trees will be snapped or uprooted, and power poles downed. Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last weeks to possibly months. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months. Catastrophic damage will occur;A high percentage of framed homes will be destroyed,with total roof failure and wall collapse. 157+ Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last for weeks to possibly months. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months. Source: National Hurricane Center The Saffir-Simpson Scale categorizes hurricane intensity linearly based upon maximum sustained winds and barometric pressure,which are combined to estimate potential damage. Categories 3,4, and 5 are classified as"major"hurricanes and,while hurricanes within this range comprise only 20 percent of total tropical cyclone landfalls,they account for over 70 percent of the damage in the United States. Table 4.47 describes the damage that could be expected for each category of hurricane. Damage during IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I13acpe'll,'52 652 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT hurricanes may also result from spawned tornadoes, storm surge,and inland flooding associated with heavy rainfall that usually accompanies these storms. Tornadoes are discussed in Section 4.5.3. II alllh lllW 16,47. 1 auu^uu^liucauu�c IIII")auu°,ulwage( Illasstlllcadoiiiis Storm Damage Photo Category Level Description of Damages Example No real damage to building structures. Damage 1 MINIMAL primarily to unanchored mobile homes,shrubbery, and trees. Also,some coastal flooding and minor pier damage. Some roofing material,door,and window damage. 2 MODERATE Considerable damage to vegetation, mobile homes, etc. Flooding damages piers and small craft in unprotected moorings may break their moorings. Some structural damage to small residences and utility buildings,with a minor amount of curtainwall EXTENSIVE failures. Mobile homes are destroyed. Flooding near the coast destroys smaller structures,with larger structures damaged by floating debris. I. W Terrain may be flooded well inland. More extensive curtainwall failures with some complete roof structure failure on small residences. EXTREME Major erosion of beach areas. Terrain may be flooded well inland. „ Ilk Complete roof failure on many residences and industrial buildings. Some complete building failures with small utility buildings blown over or CATASTROPHIC away. Flooding causes major damage to lower floors of all structures near the shoreline. Massive evacuation of residential areas may be required. Source:National Hurricane Center;Federal Emergency Management Agency The county is susceptible to the full force of every category of hurricane. In addition to the combined destructive forces of wind,rain,and lightning,hurricanes can cause a surge in the ocean,which also affects the severity of hurricane and tropical storm impacts. Storm surge affects areas along coastal shorelines and further inland depending on the height of the surge. Storm surge can raise the sea level as high as 25 feet or more in the strongest hurricanes. Storm surge can also cause extensive damage on the backside of a hurricane as storm surge waters are sucked back out to sea.Figure 4.29 and Figure 4.30 display potential depth of storm surge flooding for the 100yr and 500yr storm surge event,respectively. Impact: 4—Catastrophic h°°III II ..1." IGG"IICA OCC U `4 C According to NOAA Historical Hurricane Tracks data,648 hurricanes and tropical storms made landfall in Monroe County between 1900 and 2024. These storm tracks are shown in Figure 4.31.A summary of the storms by hurricane category is provided in Table 4.58. IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 653 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT alllh�llllc 16.168 aiiidIralllllliiiig""IIP"'uu"oIIIP liocWl (.ycllloliiie iiiiiii III ouuiuumoe t„c unity,"1444..r2424 Storm Category Count Cat 1 71 Cat 2 64 Cat 3 74 Cat 4 46 Cat 5 11 Tropical Storm 215 Tropical Depression 167 Total 648 The map below is not an exhaustive list of hurricanes that have affected Monroe County. Several storms have not made landfall in the County,yet had strong enough wind or rain impacts to cause impacts. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily arage 11l 41 654 to U) m 0. w in IIN .» w ,.... .:.r .fin Wb k M � N I ow jN W I s lu � � W� ,�� .,".". �"`� "win ✓� : � Z w a w� " '"'`v u•W" � �v. H p of !! V r W I�� � �.� c p. � I � M' � ✓ , h L° �' '' al, Ij L3.. �L3"/�. CJ 0 c CIO H 116III "I� ""I SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT NCEI records hurricane and tropical storm events across the region by county and zone;therefore, one event that impacts multiple jurisdictions may be recorded multiple times.During the 24-year period from 2000 through 2024,NCEI records 29 hurricane and tropical storm events. The named storms associated with these events are summarized in Table 4.49. This table only represents those events reported to NCEI as a Hurricane or Tropical Storm.Where property damage estimates were broken out by type,NCEI reports only the value of wind-related damages. Hurricane Irma(2017)is reported by NCEI as a Hurricane,however there are no reported damages for Hurricane Irma despite the storm having a significant impact on the County.No official monetary figures have been reported,however Monroe County reports over 1,000 homes were destroyed and almost 3,000 suffered major damage. In total, 50 Florida counties were included in the disaster declaration and eligible for individual assistance. FEMA has approved over$1 billion individual and household program dollars across these counties. allll Mlle 6 49 Illtecouumded Ill lu uu^uu^liuczuuile�s auuiim ""IIP"yIIIP IIIioaiiis liuuuii Maiiiiiae(ou uuilrty,2000 2024 Property Date Storm Deaths/Injuries Damage Crop Damage 9/13/2001 Tropical Storm Gabrielle 1/0 $0 $0 11/4-11/5/2001 Hurricane Michelle 0/0 $0 $0 8/11/2004 Hurricane Charley 0/0 $160,000 $160,000 9/1/2004 Hurricane Frances 0/0 $20,000 $20,000 9/12/2004 Hurricane Ivan 0/0 $0 $0 9/24/2004 Hurricane Jeanne 0/0 $5,000 $5,000 6/9-6/10/2005 Tropical Storm Arlene 0/0 $90,000 $90,000 7/8/2005 Hurricane Dennis 1/0 $7,150,000 $7,150,000 8/26/2005 Hurricane Katrina 0/0 $6,900,000 $6,900,000 9/20/2005 Hurricane Rita 0/0 $0 $0 10/23/2005 Hurricane Wilma 0/2 $33,000,000 $99,000,000 8/29-8/30/2006 Tropical Storm Ernesto 0/0 $200 $200 8/17-8/18/2008 Tropical Storm Fay 0/2 $2,800,000 $8,400,000 8/30/2008 Hurricane Gustav 1/0 $0 $0 9/8-9/9/2008 Hurricane Ike 0/0 $13,500,000 $26,000,000 8/25/2012 Tropical Storm Isaac 0/0 $2,170,000 $2,170,000 10/24-10/25/2012 Hurricane Sandy 0/0 $4,000 $4,000 9/9/2017 Hurricane Irma 2/20 $0 $0 9/3/2018 Tropical Storm Gordon 0/0 $500 $500 8/24/2020 Hurricane Laura 0/0 $2,500 $0 11/7-11/11/2020 Tropical Storm Eta 0/1 $506,000 $0 7/5/2021 Tropical Storm Elsa 0/0 $0 $0 8/13/2021 Tropical Storm Fred 0/0 $0 $0 9/27-9/28/2022 Hurricane Ian 0/0 $0 $0 8/29/2023 Hurricane Idalia 0/0 $35,000 $0 8/3/2024 Tropical Storm Debby 0/0 $0 $0 9/25-9/26/2024 Hurricane Helene 0/0 $0 $0 10/9/2024 Hurricane Milton 0/0 $0 $0 11/6/2024 Hurricane Rafael 0/0 $0 $0 Total 5/25 $66,343,200 $149,899,700 Source: NCEI coi.du„iw, a u., a„� I" i.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage 11I G 656 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Table 4.50 further details storm surge events that have impacted Monroe County in the 24-year period from 2000 to 2024—note that no storm surge events were recorded until 2005.Event narratives following this table provide a fuller scope of the impacts from selected wind and storm surge events. sllll llllo 6.S0 IllRecnirdod Otnirii°,il i Ouirge ovoid°its iiiiii III niiiiimne 1„nuiiirty,2000 2024 Property Crop Date Storm Deaths/Injuries Damage Damage 6/10/2005 Tropical Storm Arlene 0/0 $0 $0 9/20/2005 Hurricane Rita 0/1 $0 $0 10/24/2005 Hurricane Wilma 0/0 $0 $0 8/19/2008 Tropical Storm Fay 0/0 $1,000,000 $0 8/31/2008 Hurricane Gustav 0/0 $0 $0 9/10/2008 Hurricane Ike 0/0 $1,300,000 $0 10/26/2012 Hurricane Sandy 0/0 $1,000 $0 9/9-9/10/2017 Hurricane Irma 1/0 $0 $0 11/8-11/9/2020 Tropical Storm Eta 0/0 $100,000 $0 9/27/2022 Hurricane Ian 0/0 $0 $0 8/29/2023 Hurricane Idalia 0/0 $0 $0 8/4/2024 Tropical Storm Debby 0/0 $0 $0 9/26/2024 Hurricane Helene 0/0 $0 $0 10/8-10/10/2024 Hurricane Milton 0/0 $0 $0 11/6/2024 Hurricane Rafael 0/0 $0 $0 Total 1/1 $2,401,000 $0 Source:NCEI August 11,2004—During the evening of August 12,Hurricane Charley moved north through the Florida Straits,the Keys east of the Seven Mile Bridge,and into Florida Bay.Peak wind gusts to 64 mph were recorded at Sombrero Key Light,61 mph at Long Key and 54 mph at Molasses Reef C-MAN stations during this convective band,along with reported wind gust to 52 mph from a spotter on Duck Key. Damage along the island chain from Marathon through Ocean Reef was limited to downed tree limbs, power lines and unreinforced signs, and almost entirely from the convective band. Beginning around 3:30 AM EST, strong gradient winds began in the Lower Keys and Dry Tortugas. Peak wind gusts of 62 mph were recorded at Sand Key C-MAN station,with gusts to 58 mph at Key West International Airport. Peak wind measurements of 46 to 52 mph were measured along the island chain from Boca Chica Key through Summerland Key. Wind damage including a few uprooted and snapped trees,large tree limbs, power lines,fences and unreinforced signs. A sailboat broke loose from moorings around 7:30 AM EST on August 13, striking a phase of a 115 kilovolt transmission line serving the lower Keys,causing a widespread power outage west of Marathon through Key West. Maximum storm surge was estimated to near 6 feet at Dry Tortugas/Garden Key. Wave action produced extensive flooding of the park grounds outside of the Fort Jefferson walls. Approximately 1000 feet of brickwork was lost on the outer moat wall,which was completely submerged at the time of high tide. Numerous finger docks and the deck of the main dock were destroyed. Scaffolding used during the Fort's multi-year renovation project was also damaged and found floating in the moat. The Dry Tortugas C- MAN station,which included instrumentation less than 15 feet above mean sea level,was also destroyed, likely from the combination of wave action and elevated tide levels. Maximum storm surge was estimated at one foot above normal at Key West.Wave action produced minor coastal flooding along the oceanfront. An estimated 11,000 visitors evacuated the Keys,causing an estimated tourism loss of 5.3 million dollars. IMi.sllLii..ii.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily aracpe S7 657 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT September 1,2004—As Hurricane Frances tracked from the northwest Bahamas through the central Florida peninsula, several outer rain bands crossed the Florida Keys producing short episodes of strong wind gusts.A peak wind gust of 93 mph was measured at the Sombrero Key Light C-MAN station,at an elevation of over 150 feet above mean sea level. Other notable wind gusts included 63 mph at Sand Key C-MAN and 68 mph at Molasses Reef C-MAN. Over land,peak wind gusts included 54 mph at the U.S. Coast Guard Group Key West,and 51 mph at the Key West Harbor. Stronger wind gusts were estimated along the south side of Marathon,near Flamingo Island,and in the squall that produced the extreme winds at Sombrero Key Light. These winds tore screens in porches in isolated fashion from Big Pine Key through Grassy Key and blew out plastic or vinyl panels of commercial signs in Marathon. Otherwise, damage was limited to downed tree limbs and minor power outages. As Frances passed to the north, strong northwest and west winds drove waters higher than normal along the Florida Bay shoreline up to 1 foot above normal at Vaca Key and estimated to near 2.5 feet above normal along the bayside of North Key Largo and Jewfish Creek. These tides produced minor flooding of side streets and a parking lot near Mile Marker 106 of the Overseas Highway. July 8,2005—Hurricane Dennis passed within 75 miles southwest of Key West as a category 2 hurricane. Over the Monroe County. In the Lower Keys,maximum winds were sustained at 61 mph with gusts to 74 mph at Key West and 59 mph gusting to 78 mph at Sand Key.Unofficial wind gusts to 107 mph were reported at Cudjoe Key.Maximum storm tides were estimated to 4.5 feet above mean sea level on the Atlantic shore of Key West near the International Airport. One fatality occurred aboard a vessel moored at Stock Island due to drowning.No injuries were reported. Property damage estimated at$6.8M due to wind damage mainly to roofing, electrical equipment,landscaping and mobile homes,with estimated$100K due to combined wind and rain damages to the Key West Airport. Minimum pressure reported was 998.8 mb at Sand Key. In the Middle Keys,maximum rainfall was 2.00 inches at Curry Hammock State Park,east of Marathon. Maximum winds were 74 mph gusting to 87 mph at Sombrero Key Light.Maximum storm tides were estimated at 2 to 3 feet above mean sea level,producing minor flooding under elevated homes at Marathon. Damage was estimated at$250K from wind damage to commercial signs,landscaping and electrical equipment. In the Upper Keys,the maximum rainfall was 1.55 inches at Tavernier. Maximum Storm Tides were estimated at 2 to 3 feet above mean sea level, overtopping bulkheads and producing minor street flooding. Maximum winds were recorded at 59 mph gusting to 68 mph at Carysfort Reef Light. Damage was estimated at$100K mostly to landscaping and electric utility equipment. August 26,2005—Hurricane Katrina passed 40 miles north of Key West as a category one hurricane. Katrina passed 15 miles north Dry Tortugas National Park as a category 2 hurricane. Over the Monroe County Lower Keys,maximum winds were 62 mph with gusts to 77 mph at Sand Key. In the Middle Keys,Maximum winds were 67 mph with gusts to 80 mph at Sombrero Key Light, and in the Upper Keys,max winds were 61 mph with gusts to 77 mph at Molasses Reef Light. In Key West,rainfall totally 10.05 inches caused extensive street flooding and some residential flooding.At Curry Hammock State Park rainfall totaled 9.89 inches,resulting in widespread flooding.At John Pennekamp State Park in Key Largo,rainfall measured 5.94 inches. Storm tides were estimated at 2.5 feet above mean sea level at Key West, 1 foot at Molasses Reef Light, and 1.5 feet at Curry Hammock State park.Total property damage from the event in Monroe County was estimated at$6.9 million. $5 million of this damage was caused by a tornado in Marathon,and the remainder due to wind and rain damage. October 23,2005—The center of Hurricane Wilma moved northeast from the vicinity of Dry Tortugas northeast through 65 miles northwest of Key West during the night of October 23 to 24,2005. Hurricane Wilma resulted in at least 2 injuries and at least$33 million in damages to Monroe County. In the Upper Keys,maximum winds were measured at 75 mph with gusts to 91 mph and averaged around 70 to 80 couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily arage 1111513 658 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT mph. In the Middle Keys,maximum winds measured 87 mph with gusts to 105 mph at Sombrero Key Light and averaged an estimated 80 to 90 mph. In the Lower Keys,maximum winds were measured at 71 mph with gusts to 83 mph before instrumentation failed. Peak wind gusts of 123 mph at Cudjoe Key and 133 mph at Dry Tortugas National Park were recorded by spotters and park personnel. Overall,winds averaged 80 to 90 mph across the Lower Keys. Monroe County experienced general Category 1 Saffir Simpson damage from wind.Rainfall associated with the storm was fairly light,ranging from 1.5 inches at Pennekamp State Park to 2.39 inches at Duck Key. The most destructive aspect of Hurricane Wilma was the storm surge. In the Upper Keys,Wilma primarily produced one storm tide along the bayside ranging from 4 to 5 feet above sea level with the worst in Lower Matecumbe Key.North of Key Largo,U.S.Route 1 was temporarily flooded at least 3 inches. In the Middle Keys,Wilma caused two separate storm tides. The first was 3 feet above mean sea level along the south shore of Marathon. The second tide was up to 9.5 feet above mean sea level along the north shore of Marathon.At one point during the storm,the City of Marathon was completely under water.Most homes and businesses sustained damage by flooding of 2 to 4 feet with severe electrical, drywall and mold-related damages.Wilma also caused two separate storm tides in the Lower Keys. The first was 4.5 feet above mean sea level along the south shore of Key West. The second ranged from near 6 feet above mean sea level at Key West to 8.5 feet along the north shore of Big Coppitt Key,Cudjoe Key, and Big Pine Key.About 60 percent of Key West was under water,and nearly 12000 vehicles were flooded. Most homes sustained damage by flooding of 2 to 3 feet with severe electrical,drywall and mold-related damages. August 17,2008—Tropical Storm Fay moved north from Cuba,through the Florida Straits,and passed north through the Lower Florida Keys. Fay affected mainland Monroe when the storm made landfall on August 19t'near Cape Romano. Across the Upper Florida Keys, storm total rainfall ranged from 3.42 inches at Plantation Key to 4.38 inches at Islamorada. The highest sustained wind in the Upper Florida Keys was 37 mph with a peak gust of 53 mph recorded at Upper Matecumbe Key.A peak gust of 60 mph was recorded at the Islamorada Fire Station.Across the Middle Florida Keys, storm total rainfall ranged from 2.45 inches at Long Key to 7.27 inches at Marathon. The highest sustained wind in the Middle Florida Keys of 49 mph with a peak gust of 56 mph was recorded at Long Key. In the Lower Keys, storm total rainfall ranged from 3.35 inches at Key West International Airport to 7.05 inches at Ramrod Key. The highest sustained wind of 38 mph with a peak gust of 51 mph was recorded at Key West International Airport.A peak gust of 54 mph was recorded at Cudjoe Key. In mainland Monroe County,maximum sustained winds were estimated to be around 60mph at landfall and increased to around 65 mph. The Keys also experienced minor coastal storm tides during this event. In the Upper Keys such tides peaked at 2.5 feet above mean sea level along the south shore of Lower Matecumbe Key,equating to a storm surge less than one foot above astronomical tide levels. Similarly coastal storm tide peaked at 2.5 feet above mean sea level along the south shore of Marathon and in the Lower Keys. One direct serious injury due to wind-blown debris occurred in Marathon,but no fatalities were reported. 25,000 people,mainly visitors and non-residents of the Florida Keys,were evacuated. Countywide Tourism losses were estimated at 8 to 10 million dollars.Damage and preparedness costs to government facilities and infrastructure totaled 2.8 million dollars,with about one million dollars due to coastal flooding damage to roads,and 200,000 dollars due to erosion. Approximately 120,000 dollars damaged occurred due to wind. 2 tornadoes occurred in the Lower Keys,with no structural damage reported. Total damage due to the tornadoes was approximately one thousand dollars. September 9-10,2017—Hurricane Irma made landfall over the Lower Florida Keys as a category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale,with the eye crossing directly over Cudjoe Key. Due to the large radius of hurricane-force winds,destructive hurricane-force winds and storm surge impacted all of the Florida Keys. Extensive damage to residences,businesses, electric,water and communications utilities resulted. When Irma made landfall over Cudjoe Key,it had maximum sustained winds near 130 mph. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage 11l 659 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT The highest sustained winds in the Lower Florida Keys were measured at 70 mph at the Key West Harbor,with a peak measured gust at 120 mph at the Key Deer National Wildlife Refuge and a private residence on Big Pine Key. Storm survey evidence estimated the highest 3-second wind gusts on Big Pine Key and Scout Key,at 150 to 160 mph.Rainfall totals of 6 to 12 inches were measured at available rain gauges,with a maximum of 12.54 inches at the Key Deer Wildlife Refuge on Big Pine Key. Maximum storm surge in the Lower Florida Keys was measured at 5 to 8 feet from Sugarloaf Key through Duck Keys,with total water height reaching a maximum of 5 to 6 feet above ground level in eastern Big Pine Key, and wave wash marks up to 20 feet above mean high water along Long Beach Road on the south side of Big Pine Key. In the Middle Florida Keys, storm surge estimates of 5 to 8 feet were evident from Marathon and Key Colony Beach,Grassy Key,and Duck Key. Storm surge values of 3 to 5 feet were observed from Conch Key through Long Key and Layton. Total water height ranged from around 4 to 5 feet above ground level along the western edge of Marathon and Key Colony Beach to about 2 feet above ground level in Layton. In the Upper Keys, storm surge of 3 to 4 feet was observed throughout Islamorada through Ocean Reef, as well as along Barnes Sound near Manatee Bay. Total water heights were generally 2 to 4 feet above ground level. In the Upper Keys,flooding of oceanside residences and businesses up to 2 feet occurred. In the Middle Keys,numerous mobile homes were destroyed in Marathon as the storm surge pushed them off their foundations. In the Lower Keys,major damage to mobile homes and marinas was observed along the oceanside,especially from Ramrod Key,through Big Pine Key,through Ohio Key. The eastbound lanes of U.S.Highway 1 were washed out just east of the Bahia Honda State Park entrance. Many residences and businesses were flooded at the maximum surge. More than 1,300 vessels were damaged or destroyed, requiring removal from the coastal waters. Differing reports detail injuries and fatalities attributed to the storm differently.NCEI reports a total of 10 fatalities—4 of which were directly attributed to the storm—and 40 direct injuries.Direct reports from Monroe County and the incorporated jurisdictions list no deaths(Layton,Key Colony Beach, Islamorada),3 deaths(Key West),and 13 deaths(Monroe).Key West also reported 6 injuries. The list below summarizes other damages reported by the County and incorporated jurisdictions: — 85%of housing stock impacted,more than 4,000 homes destroyed or damaged(Monroe County); — Commercial lobster industry lost$3.7 million in traps,estimated economic loss of$38.9 million; — 80%of businesses suffered extended losses; — Tourism industry($2.7 billion) suffered long term impacts; — Extended power outages(I I days in most areas,up to 20 days to restore entire grid), some water system impacts; — Airports, schools,re-entry,and ports closed for as little as 7 and up to 15 days; — $25 million in property damages and$12 million in infrastructure damage, $16 million in economic impacts.NFIP flood damage claims paid$12.4 million(Key West); — 1 destroyed commercial building, 30 majorly damaged commercial buildings, 83 minorly damaged commercial buildings, 193 destroyed homes,355 majorly damaged homes, 766 minorly damaged homes. November 7,2020—Tropical Storm Eta passed northwest through the middle Florida Keys. Primary impacts from wind occurred as result of a rain band which drifted very slowly north through the Upper Florida Keys. Peak wind gusts were between 50 to 60 mph,downing trees and large tree limbs,utility lines,and a billboard. One residence was destroyed by a fallen tree resulting in one minor injury. Two other residential structures were significantly damaged,with three inaccessible due to blocked streets. About 20 separate power outages affected about 1,000 customers,mostly in Key Largo. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 3racpaw'II60 660 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Storm Surge flooding was generally in the 1.5-to-2.5-foot range,producing significant street flooding in oceanside Key Largo neighborhoods. The northbound right-of-way was damaged including major erosion,loss of riprap,and about 3,000 feet of fencing along northbound U.S.Highway 1 along the west end of Barnes Sound and Manatee Bay. Minor overwash occurred in the middle Florida Keys at Key Colony Beach,along with yard and dock flooding along the Florida Bay side of Marathon.Widespread rainfall of 3.5 to over 8 inches was measured throughout the Keys,with the highest totals in Key Largo. Damages were estimated near$500K due to homes damaged by falling trees and tree limbs,as well as utility damage. Storm Surge damage was estimated around$100K due to wave action to the U.S Highway 1 right-of-way. July 5,2021—Tropical Storm Elsa brought numerous rain bands through the Lower and Middle Florida Keys,with strong tropical-storm-force wind gusts measured near Key West.Maximum winds over the Florida Keys of Monroe County were recorded at 52 mph with gusts to 70 mph at Key West.Wind impacts were confined to damage to trees and utility lines,mostly in Key West proper. A few power distribution circuits were out in the city of Key West due to fallen trees and tree limbs. Total customers impacted were estimated around 3,500 in the Lower Keys. No storm surge was recorded in the Florida Keys,however the onshore southerly winds raised water levels just below 1.0 foot above normal at Key West closer to low astronomical tide. Moderate oceanside beach erosion occurred at Key West along with overwash from heavy wave action. Rainfall estimates of 7.5 inches resulted in brief but significant street flooding in Key West. September 27,2022—Hurricane Ian moved north from far western Cuba into the western Straits of Florida.As Ian moved north over the Dry Tortugas and into the southeastern Gulf of Mexico,tropical storm force winds and damaging storm surge occurred across the Florida Keys. A secondary but lesser storm surge occurred along the Gulf of Mexico and Florida Bay side of the Lower and Middle Keys after Major Hurricane Ian moved inland the west coast of Florida,and well after tropical storm force winds had subsided. Sustained tropical storm force winds occurred in the Lower Florida Keys and were measured in the 45 to 60 mph range. Peak gusts of 79 mph at the Key West International Airport, 68 mph at the Naval Air Station Key West Boca Chica Field,and 75 mph at an electric substation on Big Coppitt Key.Wind damage occurred in the form of scattered large tree limbs downed,with isolated uprooted or snapped trees. Scattered fences were downed in the city of Key West,with isolated building damage. Total power outages peaked near 10,000 customers in the Lower Florida Keys,representing approximately one-third of the Keys Energy service area. August 29,2023—Hurricane Idalia produced tropical storm-force wind gusts occurred in squalls which passed mainly through portions of the Lower Florida Keys. The maximum winds and rainfall occurred with the passage of one strong rainband which resulted in isolated fallen trees and tree limbs,isolated power outages primarily affecting a street block or two at a time. The combination of an approaching spring tide and strong southerly winds sustained just below tropical storm force resulted in storm tides ranging from 1.0 to 2.5 feet above MHHW along the oceanside. Moderate to heavy ocean wave overwash and street flooding within a few oceanside neighborhoods on the southwest portion of Key West occurred within a few hours of high tide. August 3,2024—Hurricane Debby caused tropical storm-force wind gusts with rain bands extending throughout the Straits of Florida and Florida Keys. Sustained tropical storm force winds occurred over the coastal waters mainly from along the Lower Florida Keys west of the Seven Mile Bridge through Dry Tortugas. The tropical-storm force wind gusts resulted in fallen large tree limbs and isolated power outages primarily affecting a street block or a multi-unit residential complex at a time. The combination high tide and strong southerly winds sustained just below tropical storm force resulted in storm tides up to an estimated 1.8 feet above MHHWIalong the oceanside of the Lower Florida Keys,but lower water couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily arage 1111611 661 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT levels were measured at gauges in the lee along the Gulf of Mexico and Florida Bay side of the Florida Keys. Moderate to heavy ocean wave overwash resulted in temporary flooding on oceanfront low elevation streets in Key West. In combination with brief heavy rainfall from the rain bands,a section of State Road AIA in Key West was closed due to having little or no drainage in a construction zone. September 25,2024—Hurricane Helene moved northeast across the eastern Gulf of Mexico, strengthening to category 2 strength.Widespread lower-end tropical storm force winds overspread the Florida Keys and its adjacent coastal waters producing isolated large tree limb and utility line damage. Coastal flooding in lowest elevation parts of the Florida Keys occurred initially with storm surge around 1.5 feet MHHW along the oceanside of the Florida Keys accompanied by heavy wave action with coastal flooding across eastern Florida Bay. October 9,2024—Hurricane Milton moved northeast across the eastern Gulf of Mexico,gradually weakening from category 5 to category 4 strength while passing,at the closest approach,about 180 statue miles to the northwest of Key West.Widespread lower-end tropical storm force winds overspread the Lower Florida Keys and its adjacent coastal waters producing isolated large tree limb and utility line damage. Coastal flooding in lowest elevation parts of the Florida Keys occurred initially with storm surge around 1.5 feet MHHW along the oceanside of the Florida Keys accompanied by heavy wave action on, with storm surge in Gulfside and Florida Bayside. The highest storm surge values near 3.0 feet above MHHW occurred in Key Largo along Blackwater Sound. One tornado was observed as a waterspout moved ashore the far southwest portion of Key West. November 6,2024—The center of Hurricane Rafael passed 125 miles southwest of Key West as a category 2 hurricane. Lower-end tropical storm force winds impacted portions of the Lower Florida Keys producing isolated small tree limb damage.Minor coastal flooding and Atlantic-side wave overwash occurred in Key West. Brief street flooding occurred in Key West due to brief,heavy squalls from outer rainbands mainly impacted the Lower Florida Keys. Minor coastal flooding also occurred in Stock Island, and Boca Chica Key with water levels reaching near 1.2 feet above mean higher high water(MHHW). Minor street flooding occurred along with a temporary closure of State Road AIA(South Roosevelt Boulevard)in Key West within an ongoing construction zone. G IG? III'i i II IL...IL.I SIC........ IC........ .... Florida has over 8,000 miles of coastline that often gets hit by direct storms. The state is very vulnerable to the impacts of hurricanes and tropical storms as detailed in this section. Substantial hurricane damage is typically most likely to be expected in the coastal counties of the state;however,hurricane and tropical storm-force winds have significantly impacted areas far inland. Figure 4.32 shows,for any location,the chance of a hurricane or tropical storm affecting the area sometime during the Atlantic hurricane season. The figure was created by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's(NOAA)Hurricane Research Division,using data from 1944 to 1999. The figure shows the number of times a storm or hurricane was located within approximately 100 miles(165 kilometers)of a given spot in the Atlantic basin. Per this data,there has historically been approximately a 42%-48%chance of a hurricane occurring in Monroe County in any given year. w 01,1110S . �.ouir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage'1162' 662 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT I Iguiiuma r'P II uu°uI IIIP liuuu^livaallll llll'Sul°' ulllh alllh liullllilr y a PIiaii,iined 1114°°Ill uu^uu^liucauu�a rmuu^ ii,glP lil allll Stnuu^uu°lun 50N 12 1d 45N rrr rii � „yr ✓�, i riiii%////i 36 V`� 30N r 42r,4, 5 25N 4 42i/ . Wrrrr y��° �3 /ii 15 rrrrrrrrrr 36 20N 42 r. w w4-2 ""///%%��i��/ �111111111 iiiiii/ r it i✓/%/iiri1 In '4'15 1 10N io2 1d i 6 � 5N 90w Bow 76w 60W 501N 4W 30w 20w 6 1 7 18 )4 TM 36 47 48 54 M Source:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,Hurricane Research Division In the 24-year period from 2000 through 2024,28 hurricanes and tropical storm have impacted Monroe County,which equates to over 100 percent annual probability of hurricane winds impacting the planning area in any given year. This probability does not account for impacts from hurricane rains or storm surge, which may also be severe. The probability of a hurricane or tropical storm impacting Monroe County is highly likely. Probability: 4—Highly Likely IL.......II II" II°°°°°III A`4 G Monroe County's coastal location makes it a prime target for hurricane landfalls and changing climate and weather conditions may increase the number and frequency of future hurricane events. Hurricanes and other coastal storms may result in increased flooding, injuries,deaths,and extreme property loss. According to the US Government Accountability Office,national storm losses from changing frequency and intensity of storms is projected to increase anywhere from$4-6 billion in the near future. According to NOAA,weather extremes will likely cause more frequent,stronger storms in the future due to rising surface temperatures.NOAA models predict that while there may be less frequent,low-category storm events(Tropical Storms, Category 1 Hurricanes),there will be more,high-category storm events (Category 4 and 5 Hurricanes)in the future. This means that there may be fewer hurricanes overall in any couir,ty,a u. u� I" i.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioi4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jaiwi,wiy 663 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT given year,but when hurricanes do form,it is more likely that they will become large storms that can create massive damage. G I° !..II II''^II'" II II'" w� II'" II':' II'; WAnNING Monroe County Emergency Management employs Alert!Monroe mass notification system to share emergency notifications with residents quickly. Messages are pushed out to residents on preferred primary and secondary contact paths,including cell phone, SMS/text,home phone, or email. Residents listed in public phonebook databases are automatically subscribed,but the County encourages residents to self-register cell phones and emails. The system can provide alerts to all users in the County as well as tailored information to specific geographical areas and neighborhoods. EVACUA7I Per Monroe County `s 2022 Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan,the County is the most vulnerable area in the United States to the threat of tropical cyclones. The low-lying islands that make up the Florida Keys are connected by 42 bridges and one single thoroughfare,the Overseas Highway or U.S. 1.For these reasons, an evacuation plan is especially necessary. The county has five main evacuation objectives: — Return of non-residents to the mainland; — Promote early voluntary evacuation; — Relocate vulnerable populations; — Selective evacuation of specific zones; and — Phased,general evacuation to mainland. Various factors are considered when the Director of Emergency Management decides to implement a mandatory phased evacuation and how far in advance to do so. Historic trends illustrate base clearance times for evacuating the keys ranges from 24 to 48 hours,with a minimum of 12 hours and a maximum of 30-plus hours.Another factor to consider is the time of year based on population changes due to tourism. For Tropical Storms and Category 1 and 2 hurricanes,all visitors will be asked to evacuate out of the County, Special Needs residents will be transported to an in-county shelter or out of the County to the Monroe County shelter at Florida International University,and mobile home residents will either be sheltered in-county or asked to evacuate.For a category 3 storm or greater,a phased evacuation is implemented,including all visitors,hospitals, special needs residents,and the general population. The evacuation timeline is as follows: Approximately 48 hours in advance of tropical storm winds,mandatory evacuation is initiated for non- residents,visitors,recreational vehicles,travel trailers,live-aboards, and military personnel. Approximately 36 hours in advance of tropical storm winds,mandatory evacuation is initiated for mobile home residents, special needs residents, and hospital and nursing home patients. Approximately 24 to 30 hours in advance of tropical storm winds,mandatory phased evacuation of permanent residents is initiated. The phased evacuation is accomplished through the determination of zones. The five zones, as seen in Figure 4.33,allow for selective evacuation,phased evacuation,and in-county shelter options. The five zones are as follows: couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I wage'll641 664 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Zone 1: City of Key West,including Stock Island and Key Haven,to the Boca Chica Bridge(U.S. 1 Mile Marker(MM) 1 —MM 6) Zone 2: Boca Chica Bridge to the west edge of the 7-Mile Bridge(MM6-MM40) Zone 3: West end of the 7-Mile Bridge to the end of Long Key Bridge(MM40-MM63) Zone 4: West end of the Long Key Bridge to the confluence of CR 905 and 905A(3-way stop)(MM63- MM 106) Zone 5: CR 905A to and including Ocean Reef(MM106-MM126.5) Although mainland Monroe is not heavily populated,National Parks Services employees and their families who reside there, and the Native American population,which occupies their trial land would evacuate to hurricane rated hotels,motels,or to the facility designated for hurricane shelter at Flamingo Park. Private residents would evacuate to Miami-Dade shelters. The sequence of the evacuation by zone may vary by individual storms. This evacuation plan applies to all municipalities to ensure safety of all county residents. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily 665 cc co -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11R% IIN r� N� � + s �q `7 k IV hu to dM1D f 1 6 � H I of II'III III O µ QQ �m � r•,r � rr � -; Z 0 0 C IN, o�� IIU c -� kr!I� III p,�. x. II W � tl1 IIIIIIIII r�r� �� k SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT IL.......II°" IIC IG? k i II IL...II..I Y ASS II':........ II" ' ..1.. PEOPLE Children,elderly,individuals with disabilities, and others who may have difficulty evacuating are especially vulnerable to harm from hurricanes. For those who are unable to evacuate for medical reasons, there should be provision to take care of special-needs patients and those in hospitals and nursing homes. Many of these patients are either oxygen-dependent,insulin-dependent, or in need of intensive medical care. There is a need to provide ongoing treatment for these vulnerable citizens,either on the coast or by air evacuation to upland hospitals. The stress from disasters such as a hurricane can result in immediate and long-term physical and emotional health problems among victims. Individuals in mobile homes are more vulnerable to hurricane winds, especially if their unit does not have tie downs and other wind safety measures. This is further evidenced by Monroe County's emphasis on evacuating manufactured home residents. Overall,there are 4,696 mobile home units in Monroe County, making up almost 9 percent of the County's total housing stock. Over 12 percent of the housing stock in Marathon is mobile home units.Additionally,there are over 3,300 mobile home units in unincorporated Monroe County,again making up close to 13 percent of the total housing stock. These communities may face more severe impacts from hurricane events as a result. Table 4.51 shows mobile home units by jurisdiction. aIIIPwilllle 1651I omd,,)lilllle 114°Ioiii,iul e Uiiililrts Ilhwjy a irllsdiuc liuw'M iii,202°,.w" Total Housing Mobile Home Units, Jurisdiction Units Mobile Home Units Percent of Total City of Key Colony Beach 1,132 0 0% City of Key West 14,414 330 2.3% City of Layton 181 2 1.1% City of Marathon 6,442 781 12.1% Village of Islamorada 5,993 208 3.5% Unincorporated Monroe County 26,256 3,375 12.9% Total 54,418 4,696 8.6% Source:American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates,2023 L.. "'i IIIla i IL..II.°)S11 II III i Il.ii.11'?IIVL..IL..IL) The Hazus analyses performed for this vulnerability assessment estimate the number of households that are expected to be displaced from their homes due to various hurricane risks as well as the number of displaced people that will require accommodations in temporary public shelters. Table 4.52 below summarizes shelter needs for a storm event similar to Hurricane Irma, as well as probabilistic 50-, 100-, and 500-year hurricane events. alllh Mlle 16,52s'tliluu°ul s't'ed UIII°wclllht'eir III°Iieeds,1114°°Illauu^uu^liucauu�edceuulairlilas,Ill 0111,1uumoe(:OUuu rty Displaced Residents in Need of Temporary Event Type Households Shelter Hurricane Irma Equivalent 1,714 1,157 50-year hurricane event 4,298 2,767 100-year hurricane event 7,189 5,125 500-year hurricane event 17,679 13,158 Source:Hazus coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily arage'1167 667 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT n0PEn 7 General damages to property are both direct(what the winds associated with hurricanes physically destroy)and indirect,which focuses on additional costs,damages and losses attributed to secondary hazards spawned by the hurricane,or due to the damages caused by the storm. Depending on the size and strength of the hurricane, associated winds are capable of damaging and eventually destroying almost anything. Construction practices and building codes can help maximize structures' resistance to damage. Secondary impacts of damage due to hurricane winds often result from damage to infrastructure. Downed power and communications transmission lines, coupled with disruptions to transportation,create difficulties in reporting and responding to emergencies. These impacts of a hurricane put tremendous strain on a community. In the immediate aftermath of a hurricane,the focus is on emergency services. Two Hazus level 1 analyses were used to determine hurricane risk. The first simulated the wind losses experienced during Hurricane Irma in 2017. The second was based on probabilistic parameters for the 50- year, 100-year,and 500-year return periods. This analysis produced estimates of the likelihood of varying levels of damage as well as building-related economic losses.Note that Hazus only assesses hurricane wind and does not account for any other hazards associated with hurricane. Table 4.53 provides the likelihood of damage at varying levels of severity by occupancy type expected for a storm of magnitude similar to Hurricane Irma(2017). Table 4.54 provides the likelihood of damage at varying levels of severity by occupancy type during three probabilistic hurricane events-a 50-year, 100- year,and 500-year return period.During an event of magnitude similar to Hurricane Irma's,more than 44%of buildings in the County are estimated to potentially sustain damages. 30%, 80%,and 72%of buildings in the county are likely to sustain damage during the 50-year, 100-year,and 500-year return period events,respectively. alllh llllc 16,53 Il lUl c6lllliullllNood of IIII°tauu°'ulnage Illh y Suveirity auuid 1wt.mculllP aiiicy,1114°°Illuuu^uu^liucsuu�s Illliriii°'ul s IIIIIIIIII' ulilvsllllouu�rt' Buildings Likelihood of Damage(%) Occupancy at Risk Value at Risk None Minor Moderate Severe Destruction Agriculture 89 $31,508,000 54.39% 18.79% 14.16% 9.99% 2.66% Commercial 5,898 $3,957,651,000 56.38% 15.70% 16.80% 10.73% 0.38% Education 74 $$377,278,000 55.03% 16.52% 20.71% 7.69% 0.05% Government 168 $237,917,000 44.07% 17.27% 26.81% 11.80% 0.04% Industrial 1,088 $1,434,668,000 52.58% 14.82% 15.98% 15.23% 1.38% Religion 235 $227,602,000 54.86% 20.06% 16.22% 8.80% 0.07% Residential 38,080 $11,813,847,000 55.16% 23.11% 14.60% 4.71% 2.41% Total 45,632 $18,080,471,000 55.22% 21.90% 14.98% 5.80% 230% Source:Hazus alllh llllc 16,54 liollll clllllillllllNood of III"tail°oage IlhbySewill^lio'tyauu id 0ccuulllP aiiicy,SO ,"100 ,auu id OO yoaul 1114Illauu^uu^liucsuu�s IIIIIIIIII'oouu�'t' Buildings Likelihood of Damage(%) Occupancy at Risk Value at Risk None Minor Moderate Severe Destruction 50-year Hurricane Event Agriculture 89 $31,508,000 69.80% 5.42% 6.36% 11.73% 6.69% Commercial 5,898 $3,957,651,000 71.39% 5.56% 7.34% 13.25% 2.45% Education 74 $$377,278,000 75.18% 3.69% 7.22% 11.95% 1.96% Government 168 $237,917,000 77.05% 4.36% 5.60% 12.20% 0.78% Industrial 1,088 $1,434,668,000 71.72% 4.69% 6.25% 12.95% 4.39% Religion 235 $227,602,000 73.84% 5.75% 5.88% 12.97% 1.57% couu,w, a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily 3rage'I161!3 668 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Buildings Likelihood of Damage(%) Occupancy at Risk Value at Risk None Minor Moderate Severe Destruction Residential 38,080 $11,813,847,000 69.21% 8.38% 7.04% 7.90% 7.47% Total 4S,632 $18,080,471,000 69.61% 7.88% 7.OS% 8.76% 6.68% 100-year Hurricane Event Agriculture 89 $31,508,000 18.74% 22.71% 27.12% 23.09% 8.34% Commercial 5,898 $3,957,651,000 20.45% 19.49% 29.37% 28.72% 1.97% Education 74 $$377,278,000 18.30% 17.67% 35.09% 28.44% 0.50% Government 168 $237,917,000 13.21% 13.68% 35.43% 37.08% 0.59% Industrial 1,088 $1,434,668,000 17.64% 16.02% 25.47% 35.21% 5.65% Religion 235 $227,602,000 18.77% 21.86% 29.37% 29.11% 0.89% Residential 38,080 $11,813,847,000 19.37% 28.17% 27.93% 15.92% 8.60% Total 45,632 $18,080,471,000 19.44% 26.65% 2830% 18.21% 7.59% 500-year Hurricane Event Agriculture 89 $31,508,000 27.11% 9.54% 17.77% 28.00% 17.59% Commercial 5,898 $3,957,651,000 27.10% 8.32% 16.78% 40.30% 7.50% Education 74 $$377,278,000 22.15% 7.87% 17.17% 48.87% 3.94% Government 168 $237,917,000 13.80% 6.39% 18.07% 58.07% 3.66% Industrial 1,088 $1,434,668,000 23.17% 6.76% 15.15% 40.95% 13.97% Religion 235 $227,602,000 22.18% 8.98% 18.76% 43.75% 6.32% Residential 38,080 $11,813,847,000 27.82% 10.52% 16.38% 24.52% 20.7 % Total 45,632 $18,080,471,000 27.52% 1031% 16.42% 27.21% 18.72% Source:Hazus Table 4.55 details estimated property damages from a replication of Hurricane Irma by occupancy type. Table 4.56 details estimated property damages from the 50-year, 100-year, and 200-year hurricane wind events by occupancy type. alllhblW 11,55° II stlilrr°r1 sted IIII')rr"ol,)err I�)a 1111°,rl ragesm 1114°°Illorr^rr^Iircarr�e IIIIIIII^rr°,rna IIII'1!gI,iP llllillc tlillolllllli Area Residential I commercial Industrial Others Total Hurricane Irma(2017)Replication Building $791,379,520 $223,635,050 $117,403,650 $48,198,950 $1,180,617,160 Content $257,437,070 $129,094,620 $107,508,030 $28,535,190 $522,574,920 Inventory $0 $16,208,600 $17,148,900 $893,830 $34,251,330 Total $1,048,816,590 $368,938,270 $24,206,058,000 $77,627,980 $1,737,443,410 Source:Hazus alllhblW 16,56 I1arr°,r�a es 0 yeair,"100 ycair,air id 500 yeairo irrid IIIi'iiiaerrits Area Residential commercial Industrial Others Total 50-year Hurricane Event Building $1,689,481,300 $356,913,000 $129,336,880 $89,638,610 $2,265,370,700 Content $695,671,000 $293,778,560 $147,599,090 $78,771,200 $1,215,819,850 Inventory $0 $35,745,360 $22,692,650 $2,250,750 $60,688,760 Total $2,385,152,310 $686,437,820 $299,628,620 $170,660,560 $3,541,879,320 100-year Hurricane Event Building 1 $2,499,949,700 $695,501,390 $344,514,630 $155,771,150 $3,695,736,870 couu,w, r r. u� IMi.sllLii..ri.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily arage'I1a 669 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Area Residential Commercial Industrial Others Total Content $939,557,070 $457,243,510 $350,220,580 $109,328,370 $1,856,349,530 Inventory $0 $59,891,180 $55,520,810 $3,096,140 $118,508,130 Total $3,439,506,770 $1,212,636,080 $750,256,020 $268,195,670 $5,670,594,530 500-year Hurricane Event Building $4,338,205,980 $1,347,834,130 $604,597,740 $306,303,630 $6,596,941,480 Content $1,815,025,590 $1,056,430,690 $687,184,050 $257,364,380 $3,816,004,720 Inventory $0 $134,564,930 $107,102,630 $6,035,430 $247,703,000 Total $6,153,231,580 $2,538,829,750 $1,398,884,430 $569,703,450 $10,660,649,210 Source:Hazus Estimated property damages for an event similar to Hurricane Irma(2017)total$1,737,443,410 according to this Hazus level 1 analysis. This equates to a loss ratio of 9.6 percent. Estimated losses for a 50-year, 100-year,and 500-year probabilistic wind event total $3,541,879,320, $5,670,594,530, and $10,660,649,210,respectively;this equates to a loss ratio of 20 percent for a 50-year event, 31 percent for a 100-year event,and 59 percent for a 500-year return period event.These loss ratios are determined by dividing total estimated losses(from Table 4.55 and Table 4.56)by the total value at risk in the county (from Table 4.53 and Table 4.54). Estimates from a Hazus level 1 analysis use 2018 ACS 1-year estimates; actual losses or loss ratios may be higher depending on development changes in recent years. FEMA considers a loss ratio of 10 percent or more to be an indicator that a community will have significant difficulty recovering from an event. The 50-year, 100-year, or 500-year event will cause significant difficulties for recovery.Damages from an actual hurricane event would likely also involve storm surge and flood impacts that would raise the damage total. Therefore,even a 100-year hurricane event may cause more serious damages that what is reported here from Hazus. Table 4.57 below summarizes the number of buildings impacted by 100yr and 500 yr storm surge events. Buildings are counted only once for the lowest category storm they will be affected by; it can be assumed that a building affected by storm surge associated a 100yr event will also be impacted by a 500yr storm surge event. sllll' IIII 6,57°°°d't'ollll^IIII"'lug d 11111,9 IIIIIIIIPi IIIP os llllme IIII'y"100yuu^sllllid 0 I evoilulit,III ollll 11111,0e(:OU111111ty,IIII' Occupancy Estimated Structure Value Estimated Total Value Building Count Content Value 100yr Event 48,524 $23,455,250,646 $13,869,681,211 $37,324,931,858 Agriculture 1 $267,735 $267,735 $535,470 Commercial 4,221 $3,160,987,416 $3,160,987,416 $6,321,974,832 Education 59 $39,541,055 $39,541,055 $79,082,110 Government 1,490 $697,950,350 $697,950,350 $1,395,900,700 Industrial 456 $157,650,870 $236,476,305 $394,127,176 Religious 128 $70,063,480 $70,063,480 $140,126,961 Residential 42,169 $19,328,789,740 $9,664,394,870 $28,993,184,609 500yr Event 1,689 $750,158,690 $512,936,550 $1,263,095,240 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 325 $189,452,819 $189,452,819 $378,905,638 Education 2 $2,320,805 $2,320,805 $4,641,610 Government 43 $71,480,016 $71,480,016 $142,960,033 Industrial 7 $2,453,522 $3,680,283 $6,133,805 Religious 8 $7,553,727 $7,553,727 $15,107,453 Residential 1,304 $476,897,801 $238,448,900 $715,346,701 Total 50,213 $24,205,409,336 $14,382,617,762 $38,588,027,098 coi.du„iw, a u., a„� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily arage'll'70 670 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Due to the limitations of a Hazus level 1 analysis,damage estimates for critical facilities could not be calculated. Critical infrastructure,including the Keys' energy transmission pipelines,could also be impacted by hurricane winds. Given equal vulnerability to hurricane winds across all of Monroe County, all critical facilities are considered to be at risk. Certain buildings may perform better than others based on their age and construction,among other factors.Depending on their locations,critical facilities may also be at risk to storm surge flooding. Table 4.58 below provides counts for the number of critical facilities at risk to the 100yr and 500yr storm surge event. Based on these results, 94 percent of the assessed facilities are exposed to one storm surge. Wl,)h lW 11,58 ( 1111,rtlioCWl Ill acliolllllilrtl es at I!Uslllc o1 100yir ail°W 50 uu^Stairiii°,in Suirgo IIIIIIIII'oouu rt Facility Type Total Facilities at Risk 100yr Storm Surge 378 Communications 25 Energy 17 Food,Hydration,Shelter 40 Hazardous Materials 1 Health and Medical 20 Safety and Security 73 Transportation 5 Water Systems 197 500yr Storm Surge 27 Communications - Energy 5 Food,Hydration,Shelter 5 Hazardous Materials - Health and Medical 1 Safety and Security 12 Transportation - Water Systems 4 INIA 7 ED DEBPIS GENERA"7""1 Hazus estimates the total amount of debris that will be generated by a hurricane,breaking the debris down into four general categories: Brick/Wood,Reinforce Concrete/Steel,Eligible Tree Debris, and Other Tree Debris. Hazus also estimates the number of trucks needed to remove the building debris,assuming 25 tons of debris per truck. Table 4.59 summarizes debris and trucks needed by storm event. Wl,)h lW 11,59 II stliluu°ul stcd llll")dllh lll°dills(„;eiillileliratkdlilllili(wills) Tree Debris Building Eligible Other Brick/ Concrete/ Debris Event Type Wood Steel Total Truckloads Hurricane Irma Equivalent 2,847 65,997 127,502 5,110 201,456 5,304 50-year hurricane event 4,280 91,601 280,534 25,984 402,399 12,261 100-year hurricane event 5,242 70,989 406,490 24,036 506,757 17,221 500-year hurricane event 4,711 41,609 758,970 55,368 860,658 32,574 Source:Hazus coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily arage'11711 671 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT E 4 4 Y The disruption of the local economy is an anticipated consequence of hurricanes that directly effects Monroe County.Beyond debris generation and destruction of property that require monetary inputs to haul away and rebuild,hurricanes and tropical storms have other significant impacts on the Monroe County economy. The primary industries in the Keys—retail, service,tourism,and fishing—are all likely to be negatively impacted by a hurricane or tropical storm.Any event causing visitors to stay away would result in losses to local businesses as well as tax revenue for the local economy.Any event that causes a power outage or damage to U.S. 1 is likely to have such impacts on tourism. Further,it has been noted that the perception of damage that lingers after recovery period may continue to keep visitors away. Additionally,the fishing industry would suffer from loss of power(for ice production),loss of communication infrastructure, and damage to U.S. 1 (transport to the mainland. Hazus reports the business interruption losses for a Hurricane Irma equivalent as well as a 50-, 100-, and 500-year probabilistic hurricane wind event as follows: alllh Mlle r 60 II eclilul°wort Illuu rteuu^uu"elll' 't'liu uu� IIII w'asser,1114°°Ill uu^uu^liucruu�r IIIIIIIII'vouu�rt 5celliauu^harms,III rmuu11uu^0e(ou uu1ty Business Interruption Residential Commercial Industrial Others Total Hurricane Irma Equivalent Income $3,436,900 $89,815,800 $1,572,120 $826,360 $95,651,180 Relocation $90,981,700 $34,906,000 $7,226,720 $10,545,290 $143,659,710 Rental Income $51,899,210 $22,355,240 $1,624,670 $1,621,630 $77,500,760 Wage $8,096,770 $77,502,020 $2,602,340 $6,334,190 $94,535,330 Total $154,414,580 $224,579,060 $13,025,860 $19,327,470 $411,346,970 50-year Hurricane Event Income $21,878,560 $117,184,980 $1,536,580 $1,016,790 $141,616,910 Relocation $155,300,440 $44,346,270 $5,532,750 $12,802,390 $217,981,850 Rental Income $96,823,590 $29,766,300 $1,478,970 $1,287,130 $129,355,990 Wage $51,522,110 $109,657,080 $2,543,240 $6,617,800 $170,340,230 Total $325,524,690 $300,954,630 $11,091,540 $21,724,110 $659,294,980 100-year Hurricane Event Income $23,784,240 $285,505,320 $4,342,860 $1,374,520 $315,006,930 Relocation $259,353,820 $99,128,960 $17,273,860 $29,934,620 $405,691,240 Rental Income $165,268,280 $66,216,650 $4,502,330 $4,649,470 $240,636,730 Wage $56,030,010 $251,959,670 $7,196,040 $10,160,310 $325,346,030 Total $504,436,340 $702,810,600 $33,315,080 $46,118,920 $1,286,680,940 500-year Hurricane Event Income $64,787,890 $522,325,220 $7,601,500 $3,061,180 $597,775,790 Relocation $384,432,210 $164,118,790 $24,645,670 $50,306,670 $623,503,340 Rental Income $279,299,610 $115,319,720 $7,201,580 $8,435,510 $410,256,430 Wage $152,626,150 $461,891,130 $12,626,530 $22,257,810 $649,401,630 Total $881,145,870 $1,263,654,860 $52,075,290 $84,061,180 $2,280,937,190 Source:Hazus ENV117 t MEW' Hurricane winds can cause massive damage to the natural environment,uprooting trees and other debris within the storm's path. Animals can either be killed directly by the storm or impacted indirectly through couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily :rage'11'72 672 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT changes in habitat and food availability caused by high winds and intense rainfall.Endangered species can be dramatically impacted. Forests can be completely defoliated by strong winds. Although South Florida ecosystems have adapted to episodic massive disturbances such as hurricanes,the growth of urban environments have altered the natural ecology and thus the ability for those ecosystems to respond and recover from these events. In the Keys,the predominantly coastal floodplain serves different functions than a traditional floodplain and responds to disturbances differently. Although hurricanes are necessary and natural occurrences for the maintenance of the unique natural environment, they can still cause significant damage. The mangroves,which provide protective buffers from wind and storm surge,marshes,pine rockland forests,hardwood hammocks,and reef systems are all important parts of this unique natural environment. Many of these features have suffered significant damage during prior hurricanes.During Hurricane Andrew,many of the mangroves in Everglades National park were damaged; delayed mortality meant this continued well past the end of the storm,a phenomenon that has been observed after prior storms as well.After Hurricane Wilma, storm surge was especially detrimental to the pine rockland forest throughout the Florida Keys National Wildlife Refuge.Additionally,virtually all pines on Cudjoe Key were killed along with high mortality of young and mature trees on Big Pine, Sugarloaf,and Little Torch Keys. CONSg4' yq ygANA1 M"! Table 4.61 summarizes the potential negative consequences of hurricanes and tropical storms. aIIIE)lle 16,61 t„c iiiseque iiicc Analllysls 11 uuu^uu^liucauu� auu q""IIP"'uu"ulll' liucallll ytcii°ii°u Category Consequences Public Impacts include injury or death, loss of property,outbreak of diseases, mental trauma and loss of livelihoods. Power outages and flooding are likely to displace people from their homes.Water can become polluted such that if consumed,diseases and infection can be easily spread. Residential, commercial,and public buildings,as well as critical infrastructure such as transportation,water,energy,and communication systems may be damaged or destroyed,resulting in cascading impacts on the public. Responders Impacts to responders and response capabilities may occur during severe storms.Localized impact expected to limit damage to personnel in the inundation area at the time of the incident. Continuity of Damage to facilities/personnel from wind or flooding may require Operations(including temporary relocation of some operations.Operations may be interrupted by Continued Delivery of power outages. Disruption of roads and/or utilities may postpone delivery of Services) some services. Regulatory waivers may be needed locally. Fulfillment of some contracts may be difficult. Impact may reduce deliveries. Property, Facilities and Structural damage to buildings may occur; loss of glass windows and doors Infrastructure by high winds and debris;loss of roof coverings, partial wall collapses,and other damages requiring significant repairs are possible in a major(category 3 to 5) hurricane. couu,wy a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 673 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Category Consequences Environment Hurricanes can devastate wooded ecosystems and remove all the foliation from forest canopies,and they can change habitats so drastically that the indigenous animal populations suffer as a result. Specific foods can be taken away as high winds will often strip fruits,seeds and berries from bushes and trees.Secondary impacts may occur;for example, high winds and debris may result in damage to an above-ground fuel tank,resulting in a significant chemical spill. Economic Condition of Local economy and finances adversely affected,possibly for an extended the Jurisdiction period of time,depending on damages. Intangible impacts,including business interruption and additional living expenses,may also occur. Public Confidence in Public confidence may be affected by a major storm event requiring the Jurisdiction's substantial response and long-term recovery effort. Governance ASSOCA I III......... Ih°°III IZI IG�flI':' Natural hazards are,more often than not, interconnected.Any given hazard may lead to,or be spurred by, another hazard—sometimes referred to as cascading disasters. Tropical Cyclones may be associated with: Storm Surge,Flood,Coastal Erosion, Sea Level Rise,and Tornado. Ih°°IIIIII111111S H`4 IGII" ' ..1.. While increased development will not impact the incidence of hurricane wind,it will lead to more exposure,which in turn may increase risk. This is especially true for mobile home development,which is more at risk to wind. In Monroe County,mobile home development is limited by its ordinances— particularly limiting new mobile homes to designated mobile home parks and dictate the height at which these homes may be elevated. Like flooding, increased development will likely lead to increased impervious surfaces,which could potentially increase the impacts and patterns of storm surge. Because the County relies almost entirely on the Overseas Highway for evacuation purposes, any future development will impact evacuation time. The County has implemented a Rate of Growth Ordinance for both residential and non-residential development to keep evacuation time under 24 hours. III'i IL...III 14 M SIII ..III........." ........ The evacuation of the Florida Keys occurs entirely on US Highway 1 —if this highway becomes impassable due to rain or other roadblocks,evacuation will become increasingly difficult. The County and participating jurisdictions must continue to prioritize vulnerable communities,including keeping the special needs registry used during evacuations up to date. There is continued concern that these groups may not respond to evacuation orders; transportation to the mainland is also a concern. The County and jurisdictions rely on shelters on the mainland during evacuation times—availability of shelter space within and outside of the County is a concern as the County and region grow. Communities with greater shares of mobile home units—such as Marathon and Unincorporated Monroe County—are more vulnerable to hurricane winds. Visitors to Monroe County during the summer months may burden evacuation times. The population of Monroe County increases during the late autumn and winter; late in hurricane season, this increase in population may overburden the shelter capacity. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily I wacpe'l1174 674 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT L."°.III G IL.. S U " I" G? IlllllllfiY J IG II IL.. II TII0II' The following table summarizes tropical cyclone hazard risk by jurisdiction.Due to its coastal geography, the entire county is susceptible to the impacts of hurricanes,tropical storms, and the associated storm surges and flooding.While hurricanes have the possibility of being catastrophic across all jurisdictions, certain areas have higher vulnerability. Impacts may be greater in more highly developed areas with greater amounts of impervious surface and higher exposure in terms of both property and population density.Areas with more mobile homes are also more vulnerable to damage,while areas with higher property values have greater overall exposure and potential for damages.Despite these differences,all jurisdictions have the possibility for catastrophic impacts. Spatial Warning Jurisdiction Probability Impact Extent Time Duration Score Priority Key Colony 4 4 4 1 3 3.6 H Beach Key West 4 4 4 1 3 3.6 H Layton 4 4 4 1 3 3.6 H Marathon 4 4 4 1 3 3.6 H Islamorada 4 4 4 1 3 3.6 H Unincorporated 4 4 4 1 3 3.6 H Monroe County IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily attage'll"/5 675 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT 4.5.8 W11 DFIR Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Wildfire Likely Limited Small Less than 6 1 Less than 1 week 2.6 .......... A wildfire is an uncontained fire that spreads through the environment.Wildfires can consume large areas,including infrastructure,property, and resources.When massive fires,or conflagrations,develop near populated areas, evacuations possibly ensue.Not only do the flames impact the environment,but the massive volumes of smoke spread by certain atmospheric conditions also impact the health of nearby populations. There are three general types of fire spread that are recognized. — Ground fires—burn organic matter in the soil beneath surface litter and are sustained by glowing combustion. — Surface fires—spread with a flaming front and burn leaf litter,fallen branches and other fuels located at ground level. — Crown fires—burn through the top layer of foliage on a tree,known as the canopy or crown fires. Crown fires,the most intense type of fire and often the most difficult to contain,need strong winds, steep slopes and a heavy fuel load to continue burning. Fuels to wildfires are subject to a variety of ignition sources,both natural and human caused. Generally, wildfires are started by humans, either through arson or carelessness. Fire intensity is controlled by both short-term weather conditions and longer-term vegetation conditions. During intense fires,understory vegetation, such as leaves, small branches,and other organic materials that accumulate on the ground,can become additional fuel for the fire. The most explosive conditions occur when dry,gusty winds blow across dry vegetation.Historically, fire starts have been contained quickly with minimal loss to property and structures. Weather plays a major role in the birth,growth and death of a wildfire.Weather conditions favorable to wildfire include drought,which increases flammability of surface fuels, and winds,which aid a wildfire `s progress.The combination of wind,temperature,and humidity affects how fast wildland fires can spread. Rapid response can contain wildfires and limit their threat to property. In support of forecasting for fire weather,the National Weather Service Fire Weather Program emerged. This service is provided to federal and state land management agencies for the prevention, suppression,and management of forest and rangeland fires. Monroe County experiences a variety of wildfire conditions found in the Keetch-Byram Drought Index, which is described in Table 4.62. The Keetch-Byram Drought Index(KBDI) for February 26,2025,is shown in Figure 4.34. The KBDI for Monroe County and the surrounding areas at this time was between 200 and 400. alllh lllla 4 62 Illl:et llllii llll'I yi,aii,i w IIII'1uuau glllI t I111iiidex IIIP ire IIII'1aiiigeir IIII'1^atliliiig Systeii°in KBDI Description 0-200 Soil and fuel moisture are high. Most fuels will not readily ignite or burn. However,with enough sunlight and wind,cured grasses and some light surface fuels will burn in sports and patches. 200- Fires more readily burn and will carry across an area with no gaps. Heavier fuels will still not 400 readily ignite and burn.Also,expect smoldering and the resulting smoke to carry into and possibly through the night. 011.,1110S . �.ouu,w, a u. u� I" i.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 676 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT KBDI Description 400- Fire intensity begins to significantly increase. Fires will readily burn in all directions exposing 600 mineral soils in some locations. Larger fuels may burn or smolder for several days creating possible smoke and control problems. 600- Fires will burn to mineral soil.Stumps will burn to the end of underground roots and 800 spotting will be a major problem. Fires will burn through the night and heavier fuels will actively burn and contribute to fire intensity. Source:United State Forest Service Wildland Fire Assessment System uguirp r'P IlKee olllllr llllll'tgul°ouu°ul IIII")iroogllllit Illluui0ox,III'6lbliruauu 20 "", p a� f Vx�c.n f"alvn Cdc�r hC by w +ww uaw ® r / i4�k asl i 0 a�u K V V A ,...,...A �,.. Source:Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Warning Time: 4—Less than 6 hours Duration: 3—Less than I week L...00A III 0 II'111 The location of wildfire risk can be defined by the acreage of Functional Wildland Urban Interface (WUI). The Functional WUI is described as the classification of the land near buildings into zones that describe the wildfire risk mitigation activities appropriate for each zone. Buildings used in producing the couir,ty,a u. u� Ixi.sllLii..ni.duu..wWcLiioiwaI I ocaII IlxuLu„;aLuoui Strategy Jani,wily arage'11'77 677 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Functional WUI are defined as greater than 40 square meters. There are five Functional WUI categories recognized. There are five Functional WUI categories recognized. — Direct Exposure: Burnable land cover within 75 in of a building.Buildings in this zone are exposed to ignition from convective and radiative heat from a wildfire,embers,and adjacent burning structures/outbuildings. — Indirect Exposure: Nonburnable land cover within 75 in of a building and less than 1530 in from a 500-ha contiguous block of wildland fuel.Buildings in this zone are exposed to ignition from embers and/or adjacent burning structures — Critical Fireshed: The burnable land cover from which a wildfire can reach a significant number of buildings within a single burning period. — Little-to-no Exposure: Nonburnable land cover within 75 in of a building and more than 1530 in from a 500-ha contiguous block of wildland fuel.Buildings in this zone are relatively safe from ember ignition and building-to-building spread. — Sources of Ember Load to Buildings: Burnable land cover more than 75 in from a building that produces embers capable of reaching nearby buildings.Ember production is a function of fire type and intensity; ember travel is a function of wind speed and direction. Ember modeling is based on fire modeling based on gridded historical climatology. The Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment(SWRA)estimates that 15 percent of Monroe County's population lives within the critical fire shed and 1 percent live in direct exposure to the Functional WUI. The expansion of residential development from urban centers out into rural landscapes increases the potential for wildland fire threat to public safety and the potential for damage to forest resources and dependent industries. Population growth within the WUI substantially increases the risk of wildfire. Spatial Extent: 3—Moderate Table 4.63 details the extent of the Functional WUI in Monroe County, and Figure 4.35 maps the WUI in Monroe County. alllh lllla 4 63 lillldll*iid dul'°Ilhw:allllii Illluuirtauum'taaa,IIII'allll,)Wla'toiiil auu id Aciiii,es IIIIII F�sal, niu Direct Exposure 4,874 1% Indirect Exposure 6,518 2% Critical Fireshed 48,772 15% Sources of Ember Load to Buildings 11,071 3% Little to No Exposure 11,026 3% Water 251,593 75% Sou rce:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment Per the County CEMP and prior LMS,areas more susceptible to wildfire in Monroe County include Everglades National Park on the Mainland, and Big Pine,No Name,Cudjoe,and Sugarloaf Keys in the Lower Keys where there are remnant tracts of Native Pine Rockland Forest. In fact,the largest contiguous block of vegetation in the Lower Keys is 500 acres on Big Pine Key. The County is part of the Everglades District of the Florida Fire Service,which also Includes Broward,Palm Beach,and Miami-Dade Counties. Spatial Extent: 2—Small w 01,1110S . �.ouir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage 1111713 678 ti m 114 fS✓ 0 k ,1 w. 42 I � w rc�, � v �' as � n b i k= u� f U c it L I W � I � m H M 41m of m ME r' p m � I� oa ivi a 6 W c a loft a . III i� Lo O 110.116 a m��''a CU W IX iiiiik H III III �I I SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT IICIIIIIII�..�..IICIIIIIII II°" ..�.. Wildfire extent can be defined by the fire's intensity and measured by the Characteristic Fire Intensity Scale,which identifies areas where significant fuel hazards which could produce dangerous fires exist. Fire Intensity ratings identify where significant fuel hazards and dangerous fire behavior potential exist based on fuels,topography,and a weighted average of four percentile weather categories. The Fire Intensity Scale consists of five classes, as defined by Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment and is shown in Table 4.64. Table 4.65 and Figure 4.36 show the potential fire intensity within the WUI across Monroe County. Detailed maps of fire intensity by jurisdiction are provided in each community's annex. II e,)Mlle 16.64 II iurp Ill ul°'t'eiiistty sLdW Class Description 1,Very Low Very small,discontinuous flames,usually less than 1 foot in length;very low rate of spread; no spotting. Fires are typically easy to suppress by firefighters with basic training and non-specialized equipment. Z Low Small flames,usually less than two feet long;small amount of very short-range spotting possible. Fires are easy to suppress by trained firefighters with protective equipment and specialized tools. 3,Moderate Flames up to 8 feet in length;short-range spotting is possible. Trained firefighters will find these fires difficult to suppress without support from aircraft or engines,but dozer and plows are generally effective. Increasing potential for harm or damage to life and property. 4,High Large Flames,up to 30 feet in length;short-range spotting common;medium range spotting possible. Direct attack by trained firefighters,engines,and dozers is generally ineffective,indirect attack may be effective. Significant potential for harm or damage to life and property. 5,Very High Very large flames up to 150 feet in length;profuse short-range spotting,frequent long- range spotting;strong fire-induced winds. Indirect attack marginally effective at the head of the fire. Great potential for harm or damage to life and property. Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment elllh,)Mlle 16,65 t„ Illliiaira eirlios'tl c IIII!!!Iire Illliilt'euullslilrty,III euu 1uum0e 1 OU1111�lty riiio;iai n� I ... IIII 111 :0111iiii_i 0 273,776 31% 1 32,325 4% 1.5 10,160 1% 2 127,534 14% 2.5 170,286 19% 3 6,039 1% 3.5 8,213 1% 4 31,741 4% 4.5 220,778 25% 5 0 0% >5 0 O�Yo Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment coi.du,yL,wp„II'IL. SIG" IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 3rage'11I130 680 r co �O 11R% m!V tl E J�^ 7 � i i'9t c� G1 dA Gp P, J, I� w To m 11C of 40 ?1 zic C ap ni6 LL III�II � � d° >n n 2 W M I C i o ca i li.ul c� to zummv^ kl CU LOCIO H 116II6 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Per the Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment, 31 percent of Monroe County is non-burnable.Note that this includes areas of the County that are open water.A significant portion of the land area,approximately 29 percent,of Monroe County may experience a Class 4 or higher Fire Intensity,which poses significant harm or damage to life and property. However,the areas with greatest potential fire intensity are largely outside the WUI-including Everglades National Park.Potential fire intensity is also high on Big Pine Key. Approximately 2 percent of the county may experience Class 3 or 3.5 Fire Intensity,which has potential for harm to life and property but is easier to suppress with dozer and plows. The remainder of the burnable area(approximately 38 percent)would face a Class 1 or Class 2 Fire Intensity,which are easily suppressed. Florida participates in the national Ready, Set, Go! program which helps prepare first responders to best address wildfires when they occur. This program is also used as outreach to help citizens understand their risk and how to be prepared. As part of this program,the State produced a Wildfire Mitigation Plan. Monroe County has addressed fire hazards in their County Emergency Management Plan;however,it is considered a minimal threat. Impact: 2-Limited h°°III II ..1."0 CA NCEI does not report any records of wildfire in Monroe County within the 25-year period from 2000 through 2024.However,the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services maintains records of acreage burned and number of fires within the State of Florida. According to this department,there were 167 fires between January I't,2000 and December 313t,2024,averaging 6.7 fires per year.However, these fires burned only 186.8 acres in total, averaging 1.12 acres per fire. Table 4.66 lists fires and acreage burned by year. al,)l lW 16,66 Ili a uu°'luM,)Puu^o't IIII'iuu^oa auuui6 Aciiiieage IIIIItuuu^uuied IIII'6 Yeaiiii,,Ill ouu"uuumoe t ououu"urt6 Year Number Acres Acres of Fires Burned Burned 2000 14 4.5 0.32 2001 1 40 22.5 0.56 2002 32 4.4 0.14 2003 14 54.1 3.86 2004 10 3.3 0.33 2005 5 3.4 0.68 2006 6 1.4 0.23 2007 6 12.3 2.05 2008 5 1.6 0.32 2009 4 2.2 0.55 2010 4 0.4 0.10 2011 7 1.2 0.17 2012 1 0.1 0.10 2013 3 0.5 0.17 2014 7 1.6 0.23 2015 3 0.6 0.20 2016 1 0.1 0.10 2017 2 0.2 0.10 2018 2 72.1 36.05 011',1110S . �.ouu,w, a u. u� Ii.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIWLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani.wiy G attage'll II12, 682 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Number Acres Avg. Year of Fires Burned Acres Burned 2019 1 0.3 0.30 2020 1 0 0 0 2021 0 0 0 2022 0 0 0 2023 0 0 0 2024 0 0 0 Total 167 186.8 132 Source:Florida Forest Service Reporting System:Fires by Causes Two notable fires explain some of the variation in average acreage burned in the table above. Thunderstruck Fire: In 2007,the Thunderstruck Fire burned 7 acres on Big Pine Key,affecting vacant property adjacent to residential and commercial structures. The Florida Division of Forestry brought in resources from Miami to assist in controlling the fire. The U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service provided helicopter water drops to help control the fire spread.During this event,firefighters from several stations worked in yards of homes and several businesses to prevent damage.Flame lengths exceeded thirty feet, and nearly all the vegetation was killed as a result of severity and intensity. Big Pine Key Brush Fire: The Big Pine Key Brush Fire began around 2pm on April 22,2018 in a wooded area on Big Pine Key.Due to strong winds and dry conditions,the fire spread quickly and burned a total of 72 acres.Due to a quick,unified response from 10 different agencies,including Monroe County Emergency Services,Florida Forest Service,the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and others from Key West to Georgia,only one home and an associated detached garage were destroyed, and 30 other homes were saved in the burn area. There were no reported injuries or loss of life. With help from 1.7 inches of rain recorded at the Big Pine Key Forestry site on April 27',which reduced heat in the fire's interior,the fire was completely contained and put out by April 29'. Overall, 93 percent of the pine rock lands on Big Pine Key were left unburned. The State of Florida uses this Active Wildfires Dashboard to communicate to others where the currently burning wildfires are located.At the time this data is collected,there are 3 active wildfires in the state of Florida The region experienced prolonged periods of moderate to severe drought in 2000 to 2001,2007 to 2008, 2009,2011,2015,and 2018. These periods of drought may explain some of the annual variation in fires and acreage burned. G IG? III'i i II IL...IL.I." IC........ IC ..." IG G III......... IG G IG G III......... III......... The Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment provides a Burn Probability analysis which signifies the likelihood of a wildfire burning a specific location within a set time frame -commonly represented as the chance of burning during one calendar year or wildfire season.According to the SWRA,Burn Probability can be expressed as a fraction(ex. 0.005)or odds(1-in-200)and is based on fire behavior modeling across thousands of simulations of possible fire seasons. In each simulation,factors contributing to the probability of a fire occurring,including weather and ignition likelihood are varied based on patterns derived from observations in recent decades. It is not predictive and does not reflect any currently forecasted weather or fire danger conditions.Burn Probability does not say anything about the intensity of a fire if it occurs. The Burn Probability for Monroe County is presented in Table 4.67 and illustrated in Figure 4.37.Note that approximately 30 percent of the land area in the County does not have a Burn couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 683 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Probability class assigned to it. The following table details the Burn Probability for the remaining area in the county. Illh llW 16,67.. IIIIII'tuuu^uu IIII'Sul°ru llh alllh liulllllilrty Ill ouu11uu^oe(:Ouuu1rty luiw . a'1 111112 m a. III u71% 0 264,099 >0-0.0001000 32,576 0.0001000-0.0002154 6,256 0.0002154-0.0004642 25,410 3% 0.0004642-0.0010000 28,958 3% 0.0010000-0.0021544 42,103 5% 0.0021544-0.0046416 111,287 13% 0.0046416-0.0100000 96,178 11% 0.0100000-0.0215443 87,185 10% 0.0215443-0.0464159 181,532 21% 0.0464159-0.1000000 5,270 1% >0.10000000 0 0% Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment Over 50 percent of Monroe County has a relatively moderate to high burn probability. The areas of higher burn probability are located on the mainland of Monroe County in Everglades National Park. The Keys themselves have a relatively low burn probability. The probability of wildfire across the county is considered likely,defined as between a 10%and 100%annual chance of occurrence. The mainland (Everglades National Park),and Big Pine Key are areas that have historically seen wildfire and area likely to experience wildfire again due to their higher burn probability and potential fire intensity. Probability: 3—Likely couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioi4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jaiv,wiy I wage'll84 684 to co m 0 w in 'D OP I'. OPOp .... 11R% 110 1, a 'ra rsl. n„ vw ix 7,v Lo cc A ZHIM a Z ra W mm a uw p n� f vy II IIILO I CU H 116III "I� ""I SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT IL.......II II" II°°°°°III II" IICIIIIIII Climate change is expected to have far-reaching effects on various environmental processes,including the frequency an intensity of extreme heat and drought events,both of which could profoundly influence wildfire behavior.As global temperatures rise,the likelihood of more frequent and prolonged periods of extreme heat increase,which can dry out vegetation, soil,and organic matter,making them more susceptible to ignition.Additionally,the intensification of drought conditions means that water availability for plants and ecosystems could become increasingly scarce,leading to a reduction in the moisture content of vegetation, soils, and decomposing organic material,all of which play a critical tole in wildfire dynamics.Moreover,the unpredictability of climate change means that both seasons could become more extreme in their respective ways, amplifying the impacts on wildfire behavior. IL...II''^ III.........G G i II IL...II"'I Y Y ASS SS ` ..1.. PEOPLE Wildfire pose significant risks to human life and health,causing fatalities,injuries, and long-term health complications such as respiratory issues due to smoke inhalation. To mitigate these dangers,it is crucial to implement comprehensive procedures for rapid warning and evacuation. Developing reliable early warning systems that utilize satellite monitoring,drones,and weather forecasts can help alert communities to emerging threats. Local authorities should communicate through various channels, including SMS alerts, social media and community radio,to ensure that messages everyone effectively. Effective communication and coordination among local fire departments,law enforcement,and emergency management agencies are vital for an orderly and safe evacuation process.After evacuations, providing support affected individuals and families is crucial,including access to medical care,mental health services, and resources for rebuilding. Establishing community networks can further assist residents during recovery. a E .w Wildfire can lead to sustainable direct property losses,impacting buildings,vehicles,landscaped areas, agricultural lands,and livestock. The destruction of homes and businesses not only results in financial losses but can also displace families and disrupt communities. One effective approach to increasing fire resistance is the use of fire-rated materials in construction such as non-combustible roofing, siding,and decks,as well as tempered glass windows that can withstand high temperatures.Additionally,building codes that require certain fire safety measures, such as proper ventilation and firebreaks,can further protect properties from encroaching flames. Landscaping practices are another vital element in reducing vulnerability to wildfires.By incorporating fire-resistant plants and creating defensible space around properties—typically a buffer zone that extends at least 30 feet from structures—homeowners can limit the flammability of their surroundings. Techniques such as maintaining a green lawn,using gravel or stone mulch,and keeping trees trimmed can minimize the potential for fire to spread to buildings. Wildfires have the potential to cause extensive damage to forest and forage resources, significantly affecting both natural habitats and agricultural land.When a wildfire sweeps through a forest,it can obliterate vast areas of vegetation,leading to loss of trees, shrubs,and underbrush that provide habitat for wildlife. This destruction disrupts ecosystems, displacing animal species and impacting their food sources. w 01,1110S . �.ouir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 3rage'11I136 686 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Additionally,wildfires can severely damage agricultural crops on private land. The intense heat and smoke can harm plants,leading to reduced yields or complete crop failure. This not only affects farmers economically but can also have broader implications for local and regional food supplies. The destruction of crops can lead to higher food prices and food scarcity, impacting communities that depend on these resources. The recovery process can vary based on factors such as the severity of the fire,the type of ecosystem affected,and climate conditions. In many cases,wildfires can lead to the growth of new, diverse plant communities that enhance soil quality and increase habitat complexity. Additionally,the ash left behind can provide essential nutrients that stimulate the growth of new vegetation. Table 4.68 summarizes the potential detrimental consequences of wildfire. II ulllL)Ile 16 68 (:oiiiisequeeul°gee n*e yzlillz Bold"flll re Category Consequences Public In addition to the potential for fatalities,wildfire and the resulting diminished air quality pose health risks. Exposure to wildfire smoke can cause serious health problems within a community,including asthma attacks and pneumonia,and can worsen chronic heart and lung diseases.Vulnerable populations include children,the elderly, people with respiratory problems or with heart disease. Even healthy citizens may experience minor symptoms, such as sore throats and itchy eyes. Responders Public and firefighter safety is the first priority in all wildland fire management activities. Wildfires are a real threat to the health and safety of the emergency services. Most fire-fighters in rural areas are'retained'.This means that they are part-time and can be called away from their normal work to attend to fires. Continuity of Wildfire events can result in a loss of power which may impact operations. Operations(including Downed trees, power lines and damaged road conditions may prevent access Continued Delivery of to critical facilities and/or emergency equipment. Services) Property, Facilities and Wildfires frequently damage community infrastructure,including roadways, Infrastructure communication networks and facilities,power lines,and water distribution systems. Restoring basic services is critical and a top priority. Efforts to restore roadways include the costs of maintenance and damage assessment teams, field data collection,and replacement or repair costs. Direct impacts to municipal water supply may occur through contamination of ash and debris during the fire,destruction of aboveground distribution lines,and soil erosion or debris deposits into waterways after the fire. Utilities and communications repairs are also necessary for equipment damaged by a fire.This includes power lines,transformers,cell phone towers,and phone lines. Environment Wildfires cause damage to the natural environment, killing vegetation and animals.The risk of floods and debris flows increases after wildfires due to the exposure of bare ground and the loss of vegetation. In addition,the secondary effects of wildfires, including erosion,landslides,introduction of invasive species,and changes in water quality,are often more disastrous than the fire itself. 011',1110S . �.ouu,w, a u. u� I" i.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily arage'11I137 687 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Category Consequences Economic Condition Wildfires can have significant short-term and long-term effects on the local of the Jurisdiction economy. Wildfires,and extreme fire danger, may reduce recreation and tourism in and near the fires. If aesthetics are impaired,local property values can decline. Extensive fire damage to trees can significantly alter the timber supply,both through a short-term surplus from timber salvage and a longer- term decline while the trees regrow.Water supplies can be degraded by post-fire erosion and stream sedimentation. Public Confidence in Wildfire events may cause issues with public confidence because they have the Jurisdiction's very visible impacts on the community. Public confidence in the jurisdiction's Governance governance may be influenced by actions taken pre-disaster to mitigate and prepare for impacts,including the amount of public education provided; efforts to provide warning to residents;response actions;and speed and effectiveness of recovery. I G;I" II" I" G? III'i J U G II II'::', II TII0II''^h°°°°III �II':' The following table summarizes wildfire hazard risk by jurisdiction. Wildfire warning time and duration do not vary by jurisdiction. Spatial extent ratings were estimated based on the percentage of direct exposure within the WUI;jurisdictions with approximately 10%to 50% of direct exposure were assigned a spatial extent rating of 3.Impact ratings were based on fire intensity data from SWRA. Jurisdictions with significant clusters of moderate to high fire intensity were assigned a rating of 3; all other jurisdictions were assigned a rating of 2.Probability ratings were determined based on burn probability data from SWRA. Only the unincorporated areas of the county have any areas with moderate to high burn probability and was thus given a probability rating of 3.All other jurisdictions were assigned a probability of 2. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial WarningDuration Score Priority Extent Time Key Colony 2 2 3 4 3 2.5 M Beach Key West 2 2 3 4 3 2.5 M Layton 2 2 3 4 3 2.5 M Marathon 2 3 3 4 3 2.8 M Islamorada 2 3 3 4 3 2.8 M Unincorporated 3 3 4 4 3 3.3 H Monroe County coi.du„iwy a u., a„� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 3rarge°I111!3I1!3 688 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT l Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Cyber Attack Possible Limited Small Less than 6 hrs More than 1 24 week .......... The State of Florida Hazard Mitigation Plan defines a cyber incident as"an incident involving computers, networks, and information or services that affect daily operations of critical infrastructure,"noting that a Cyber Incident can be either malicious or stem from a system glitch or human error. The SHMP defines a cyber attack,then,as a cyber incident with malicious intent. Cyber-attacks use malicious code to alter computer operations or data. The vulnerability of computer systems to attacks is a growing concern as people and institutions become more dependent upon networked technologies. The Federal Bureau of Investigation(FBI)reports that"cyber intrusions are becoming more commonplace,more dangerous,and more sophisticated,"with implications for private- and public-sector networks. There are many types of cyber-attacks. Among the most common is a direct denial of service, or DDoS attack. This is when a server or website will be queried or pinged rapidly with information requests, overloading the system and causing it to crash. Malware,or malicious software,can cause numerous problems once on a computer or network, from taking control of users' machines to discreetly sending out confidential information.Ransomware is a specific type of malware that blocks access to digital files and demands a payment to release them. Hospitals, school districts,state and local governments, law enforcement agencies,businesses,and even individuals can be targeted by ransomware. Cyber spying or espionage is the act of illicitly obtaining intellectual property, government secrets, or other confidential digital information, and often is associated with attacks carried out by professional agents working on behalf of a foreign government or corporation.According to cybersecurity firm Symantec,in 2016"...the world of cyber espionage experienced a notable shift towards more overt activity,designed to destabilize and disrupt targeted organizations and countries." Major data breaches-when hackers gain access to large amounts of personal, sensitive,or confidential information-have become increasingly common. The Symantec report says more than seven billion identities have been exposed in data breaches over the last eight years. In addition to networked systems, data breaches can occur due to the mishandling of external drives, as has been the case with losses of some state employee data. Cyber crime can refer to any of the above incidents when motivated primarily by financial gain or other criminal intent. The most severe type of attack is cyber terrorism,which aims to disrupt or damage systems in order to cause fear,injury,and loss to advance a political agenda. The State of Florida has several cyber security mechanisms. The Florida Computer Crime Center(FC3) conducts cyber investigations,training,research,and prevention,and developed the Florida Infrastructure Protection Center(FIPC). The FIPC was developed to anticipate,prevent,react to,and recover from acts of terrorism, sabotage,and cyber crim. One component of the FIPC is the Computer Incident Response Team(CIRT)which is on-call to respond to critical cyber incidents in Florida. The Agency for State Technology developed a Statewide Strategic Information Technology Security Plan to protect the couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 689 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT confidentiality,integrity,and availability of the state's IT resources.FDEM also has a Cyber Incident Plan. Warning Time: 4—Less than six hours Duration: 4—More than one week OCA..I..II 0''^ Cyber disruption events can occur and/or impact virtually any location in the state where computing devices are used. Incidents may involve a single location or multiple geographic areas.A disruption can have far-reaching effects beyond the location of the targeted system; disruptions that occur far outside the County can still impact people,businesses,and institutions within the County. Spatial Extent: 2—Small X.. "'III......... ..1 The extent or magnitude/severity of a cyber disruption event is variable depending on the nature of the event. A disruption affecting a small,isolated system could impact only a few functions/processes. Disruptions of large, integrated systems could impact many functions/processes,as well as many individuals that rely on those systems. There is no universally accepted scale to quantify the severity of cyber-attacks. The strength of a DDoS attack is sometimes explained in terms of a data transmission rate. One of the largest DDoS disruptions ever,which brought down some of the internet's most popular sites on October 21,2016,peaked at 1.2 terabytes per second. Data breaches are often described in terms of the number of records or identities exposed. The Florida State Hazard Mitigation Plan defines three levels of cyber-attacks: Unstructured: attacks with little to no organization and no significant funding. Such attacks are usually carried out by amateurs using pre-made tools to attack well known system flaws. These attacks are most common,but are also easily spotted by network security Structured: attacks with more organization and planning and decent financial backing. These attacks have specific targets and intend to disrupt operations to a specific organization or sector. The impacts might range from minimal to significant. Highly Structured: attacks involve extensive organization,planning,and funding. Attackers conduct reconnaissance and use multiple attacks to achieve their goals. Impact: 2—Limited h°°III II ..1 S IG G"IICA The Privacy Rights Clearinghouse,a nonprofit organization based in San Diego,maintains an estimated timeline of 17,552 unique data breaches,of which at least 7,130 were acts of computer hacking,in the United States from 2005-2023. The database lists 700 total data breaches,including 330 hacking events in Florida,totaling over 19.6 million records breached since 2005. Similarly, some residents in the region were likely affected by national and international data breaches.Media reports indicate an uptick in cyber-attacks across the state. SecuLore also provides its own database of Cyber Attacks across the country via local media outlets, broken down by state and infrastructure affected. Based on local media outlets,Monroe County has seen the following four attacks: couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily aracpaw'II90 690 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT September 2018(Education): The Monroe County School District was forced to shut down its computer system for almost a week due to a cyber attack. The incident was first noticed by an employee who contacted the IT department. The event was eventually escalated to the District's internet security provider who advised securing and shutting down the entire system. The culprit was a ransomware called "GandCrab."No data was threatened and no demands for ransom were actually made, as the district had appropriately backed up its data. In order to reopen the system,the District had to rebuild each server individually. The system was first up and running again after three days,but had to be shut down only an hour later. It was then slowly restarted,but was delayed due to a cable and internet outage. May through November 2018(Education): The Florida Keys Community College(FKCC)reported of suspicious activity,potentially phishing,on an employee's email account. An investigation into this suspicious activity revealed an unknown individual had access certain college employees' email accounts. The press release noted that some combination of name, address,date of birth, social security number, passport information,medical information,usernames,and passwords may have been accessible to the hackers. In response,the college notified potentially impacted employees and individuals,and offered those individuals 12 months of free identity protection services.FKCC also implemented increased security measures for account access such as multi-factor authentication. March 2020(Local Government): Beginning in March of 2020, a software attack crippled the City of Marathon's communication system, including email,internet,and broadcast capabilities. The system was ransomed, and the attack and subsequent recovery took over 4 months. The City had to update and de- encrypt most computers. Costs associated include insurance policies, specialist and IT assistance,and time costs of systems being down. August through September 2020(Local Government): For the two weeks between August 28'through September 16',2020,the computers in the Key West City Hall were inaccessible due to a suspected virus. These impacts also impacted the Key West Police Department. The networks at City Hall were shutdown voluntarily when the virus was initially discovered to allow IT workers to identify the problem and rebuild the servers. During this week,police officers were writing police reports on paper—with a backlog to be uploaded when the servers returned.Additionally, any requests for existing reports were difficult to fulfil because the reports would have to physically be located in the building. Community members could still pay parking tickets and apply for building permits,but this could not be done online and had to be done by mail or in person. G IG? III'i i II IL...IL.I SIC........ IC........ .... Cyber attacks occur daily,but most have negligible impacts at the local or county level. The possibility of a larger disruption affecting systems within the county is a constant threat,but it is difficult to quantify the exact probability due to such highly variable factors as the type of attack and intent of the attacker. Minor attacks against business and government systems have become a commonplace occurrence but are usually stopped with minimal impact. Similarly,data breaches impacting the information of residents of Monroe County are almost certain to happen in coming years. Major attacks or breaches specifically targeting systems in the county are less likely but cannot be ruled out. Probability:2—Possible IL...II''^ III.........G G i II IL...II IY ASS SS" " ..1.. As discussed above,the impacts from a cyber attack vary greatly depending on the nature, severity,and success of the attack. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy arage'll 'll 691 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT ME7I°°10DOLOGIE t AND ASSUMP7 IONS Vulnerability to cyber attacks was assessed based on past occurrences nationally and internationally as well as publicly available information on these vulnerabilities, as well as attacks occurring in the region. PEOPLE Cyber-attacks can have a significant cumulative economic impact. According to the most recent Internet Crime Report run by the Federal Bureau of Investigation,the State of Florida experienced a loss of over $874 million during the year 2023.A major cyber-attack has the potential to undermine public confidence and build doubt in their government's ability to protect them from harm. Injuries or fatalities from cyber-attacks would generally only be possible from a major cyber terrorist attack against critical infrastructure. OPE w Short of a major cyber terrorist attacks against critical infrastructure,property damage from cyber attacks is typically limited to computer systems. ENVInONMEW A major cyber terrorism attack could potentially impact the environment by triggering a release of a hazardous materials,or by causing an accident involving hazardous materials by disrupting traffic-control devices. Table 4.69 summarizes the potential consequences of a cyber threat. IIIII,,a 11 Mlle 4 fq t ouuisequceuuice AnW ysls (yllll euu^""III'"'llllvreat Category Consequences Cyber attacks can impact personal data and accounts. Injuries or fatalities Public could potentially result from a major cyber terrorist attacks against critical infrastructure. Cyber attacks can impact personal data and accounts. Injuries or fatalities Responders could potentially result from a major cyber terrorist attacks against critical infrastructure. Continuity of Operations(including Agencies that rely on electronic backup of critical files are vulnerable.The delivery of services can be impacted since governments rely,to a great Continued Delivery of extent,upon electronic delivery of services. Services) Rare. Most attacks affect only data and computer systems.Sabotage of Property, Facilities and utilities and infrastructure from a major cyber terrorist attacks could Infrastructure Potentially result in system failures that damage property on a scale equal with natural disasters. Facilities and infrastructure may become unusable as a result of a cyber-attack. Environment Rare.A major attack could theoretically result in a hazardous materials release. couu,w, a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy Gattage'll '2P 692 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Category Consequences Economic Condition of Could greatly affect the economy. In an electronic-based commerce society, the Jurisdiction any disruption to daily activities can have disastrous impacts to the economy. It is difficult to measure the true extent of the impact. Public Confidence in The government's inability to protect critical systems or confidential the Jurisdiction's personal data could impact public confidence.An attack could raise Governance questions regarding the security of using electronic systems for government services. Ih°°IIIIII111111S H`4 IGII" ' ..1.. Increased development will not necessarily lead to increased incidents of cyberattack. Cyberattacks generally impact critical systems rather than the built environment.However,as we become more reliant on technology and IoT(the internet of things)any connected infrastructure would be at risk.Additionally, increases in population puts more records at risk in the event of a cyberattack. III'i IL...III 14 M SIII ..III........." ' ..1...... Cyber attacks frequently result from phishing scams. Training on cyber security can serve as a prevention method. I G I" II" I" G? III'i ..'� IG G II II'::', II T II 0 II''^h°°°°III �II'::' The following table summarizes cyber attack disruption risk by jurisdiction. Risk is not expected to change substantially between jurisdictions. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial WarningDuration Score Priority Extent Time A❑Jurisdictions 2 2 2 4 4 2.4 M coi.du„iw, a u., a„� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 693 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT 4.530 AD/01., G/CA1.., INCIDEN7 ... Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Radiological Incident Unlikely Critical Moderate Less than 6 hrs More than 12.6 week .......... A radiological incident is an occurrence resulting in the release of radiological material at a fixed facility (such as power plants,hospitals,laboratories,etc.) or in transit. Radiological incidents related to transportation are described as an incident resulting in a release of radioactive material during transportation. Transportation of radioactive materials through Florida over the interstate highway system is considered a radiological hazard. The transportation of radioactive material by any means of transport is licensed and regulated by the federal government. As a rule,there are two categories of radioactive materials that are shipped over the interstate highways: — Low level waste consists primarily of materials that have been contaminated by low level radioactive substances but pose no serious threat except through long-term exposure. These materials are shipped in sealed drums within placarded trailers. The danger to the public is no more than a wide array of other hazardous materials. — High level waste,usually in the form of spent fuel from nuclear power plants,is transported in specially constructed casks that are built to withstand a direct hit from a locomotive. Radiological emergencies at nuclear power plants are divided into classifications. Table 4.70 shows these classifications, as well as descriptions of each. alllh llllc 16,70 II If^adWIagliocallll llll'III ul cuu^gs uu cg f„ Illlasslilrflillcatliuoiris Emergency Classification Description Events are in progress or have occurred which indicate a potential Notification of Unusual degradation of the level of safety of the plant or indicate a security threat to Event(NODE) facility protection has been initiated. No releases of radioactive material requiring offsite response or monitoring are expected unless further degradation of safety systems occurs. Events are in progress or have occurred which involve an actual or potential substantial degradation of the level of safety of the plant or a security event Alert that involves probable life-threatening risk to site personnel or damage to site equipment because of hostile action.Any releases are expected to be limited to small fractions of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Protective Action Guides(PAGs) Events are in progress or have occurred which involve actual or likely major failures of plant functions needed for protection of the public or hostile Site Area Emergency action that results in intentional damage or malicious acts;1)toward site (SAE) personnel or equipment that could lead to the likely failure of or;2)that prevent effective access to,equipment needed for the protection of the public.Any releases are not expected to result in exposure levels which exceed EPA PAG exposure levels beyond the site boundary. couu,wy a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I wacpu:11941 694 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Emergency Classification Description Events are in progress or have occurred which involve actual or imminent substantial core degradation or melting with potential for loss of General Emergency containment integrity or hostile action that results in an actual loss of physical control of the facility. Releases can be reasonably expected to exceed EPA PAG exposure levels offsite for more than the immediate site a rea. Warning Time: 4—Less than 6 hours Duration: 4—More than one week OCA..I..II 0''^ Turkey Point Nuclear Generating Station, located in the south of Miami-Dade County and northeast of the planning area,is a twin reactor nuclear power station. It has three currently operating units including two 802-megawatt units(units 3 and 4)and one 1,150-megawatt unit(unit 5). There are two retired 404- megawatt units(units 1 and 2) still on-site. Commercial operation began in 1967 and the most recent unit was completed in 2007. Units 3 and 4 are pressurized water reactors and unit 5 is a combined-cycle gas- fired unit. As the sixth largest power plant in the United States and third largest in Florida,it serves all of southern Florida. The plant is operated with a very high level of security. This is the location from which the most catastrophic nuclear accident might occur and will be the focal point of the nuclear analysis in this plan. In December of 2019,units 3 and 4 at Turkey Point Nuclear Generating Station was granted the world's first 80-year operating license. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission defines two emergency planning zones around nuclear plants: — Emergency Planning Zone(EPZ)—The EPZ is a 10-mile radius around nuclear facilities.It is also known as the Plume Exposure Pathway. Areas located within this zone are at highest risk of exposure to or inhalation of radioactive materials.Within this zone,the primary concern is exposure to and inhalation of radioactive contamination. Predetermined action plans within the EPZ are designed to avoid or reduce dose from such exposure. This is the designated evacuation radius recommended by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and residents within this zone would be expected to evacuate in the event of an emergency. Other actions such as sheltering and the use of potassium-iodide must be taken to avoid or reduce exposure in the event of a nuclear incident. — Ingestion Pathway Zone(IPZ)—The IPZ is delineated by a 50-mile radius around nuclear facilities as defined by the federal government.Also known as the Ingestion Exposure Pathway,the IPZ has been designated to mitigate contamination in the human food chain resulting from a radiological accident at a nuclear power facility. Contamination to fresh produce,water supplies,and other food produce may occur when radionuclides are deposited on surfaces. Figure 4.38 shows the location of Turkey Point Nuclear Generating Station and the approximate 10-mile Emergency Planning Zone(EPZ)buffer and 50-mile Ingestion Pathway Zone(IPZ)around the plant. The northeastern-most tip of the Florida Keys,just north of Key Largo, falls within the 10-mile EPZ.Much of mainland Monroe and the Keys north of Islamorada fall within the IPZ. Spatial Extent: 3—Moderate IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy :rage'lR5 695 m m 11R% ✓d o N Z IIII IX IS Cr HHHIN W H t oti d a tn Z ° z` A C Q E iH W 5, Call, o p e_ w y W o c, o era: c ucc w FZ �� ,IIIIW .. a� Lo W 0 kl ,% H N SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT IICIIIIIII�..�..IICIIIIIII II°" ..�.. The International Atomic Energy Association(IAEA)developed the International Nuclear and Radiological Event Scale to quantify the magnitude of radiological events. This scale is logarithmic, meaning each increasing level represents a 10-fold increase in severity compared to the previous level. Amajor Accident SrlOus Accident ail ' Accident With Wider Consequences , ;;; with Local C orisequences nr us Incident nci ent ICU Anomaly Deviation Source:International Atomic Energy Association Impact: 3—Critical h°°'III II ..1 IG G"IICA May 8, 1974—During a routine test,it was discovered that two of the three Emergency Feedwater pumps which served unit 3 failed due to overtightened packing. The third pump also failed but was caused by a malfunction in the turbine. These failures,had they not been found and corrected,could have led to a nuclear disaster if other failures had occurred simultaneously. August 24, 1992—Category 5 Hurricane Andrew hit Turkey Point causing damage to many systems. The fire protection systems were partly disabled,two raw water tanks were destroyed, a third was drained,and the smokestack on unit 1 cracked. Offsite power was lost so onsite generators had to be operated for numerous days. February 26,2008—The loss of offsite power prompted both reactors to shut down which lead to a widespread power outage affecting 700,000 customers and a total of 2.5 million people. The originating event was an overheated voltage switch that caught fire in a substation 23 miles away from Turkey Point. Power was restored within 5 hours of the blackout. Large commercial locations such as Walt Disney World, Orlando International Airport,and Miami International Airport were affected. March 18,2017—An electrical fault happened in unit 3 causing the loss of a safety system and a reactor trip. This fault caused an arc flash which minorly burned one plant worker. All other safety systems were operational so there was no threat to the community or environment. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioi4 I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jaiv,wiy I13acpe°I1197 697 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT August 17-20,2020—Turkey Point experienced three unplanned nuclear reactor shutdowns. On August 17t',plant operators manually shut down the reactor as a response to rising steam generator water levels. On August 19',an instrument sensed higher-than-expected neutron activity in the reactor core,causing the plant's protection system to automatically shut down the reactor during startup. On August 20t', a reactor was once again manually shut down after the loss of a steam generator feed water pump. These three shutdowns in a short time frame prompted a Nuclear Regulatory Commission(NRC)inspection. G IG? III'i i II IL...IL.I IC........ IC ..." IG G III......... IG G IG G III......... III......... Radiological hazards are highly unpredictable.Nuclear reactors present the possibility of catastrophic damages,yet the industry is highly regulated and historical precedence suggests an incident is unlikely. Probability: I—Unlikely IL.......II II" II°°°°°III A`4 G While climate change is not projected to have any direct impact on a potential nuclear power plant incident,the low-lying coastal location of the Turkey Point Nuclear Generating Station in Miami-Dade County means this plant is particularly susceptible to the impacts of sea level rise and increased storm surge. The plant won federal approval to continue operating through at least 2053.By the end of the plant's current license,Miami-Dade is planning for just under 2 feet of SLR while Turkey Point is planning for 0.5 to just over 1 foot of Sea Level Rise. The threat of increasing incidences of flood and higher storm surges could increase the likelihood of an event at Turkey Point. IL...II''^ III.........G G i II IL...II"'I Y Y ASS SS M ` ..1.. PEOPLE People within the 10-mile EPZ are at risk of direct exposure to radioactive material.People within the 50- mile EPZ are at risk of exposure through ingestion of contaminated food and water.Low levels of radiation are not considered harmful,but a high exposure to radiation can cause serious illness or death. Beyond those in the EPZ and IPZ,the entirety of Monroe County is potentially at risk because of operations at the Turkey Point Nuclear Generating Station. Turkey Point relies on a one-of-its-kind 5,900- acre cooling canal system—rather than the more commonly used cooling towers.Millions of gallons of saltwater have seeped from these canals into the Biscayne aquifer beneath the canals; an underground saltwater plume has spread more than 10.6 miles inland. As the majority of Monroe County's drinking water is supplied by the Biscayne Aquifer,continued,unresolved saltwater intrusion threatens the health of all residents. OPEM A radiological incident could cause severe damage to the power station itself but would not cause direct property damage outside the station, especially with the distance between the reactor and the planning area.However,property values could drop substantially if a radiological incident resulted in contamination of nearby areas. ENVInONMEN7 A radiological incident could result in the spread of radioactive material into the environment,which could contaminate water and food sources and harm animal and plant life. These impacts are lessened the further an area is to the plant site. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy I wage'll9I1!3 698 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT CONSEQUENCEANA1 MS Table 4.71 summarizes the potential detrimental consequences of radiological incident. aIIILille 16.7"'llll t ciiisequeiiics AnM sls II IRadWlllcgllcMl Illliiiclldeiiit Category Consequences High levels of radiation could cause serious illness or death.Those living Public and working closest to the nuclear plant would face the greatest risk of exposure. Responders Responders face potential for heightened exposure to radiation,which could cause severe chronic illness and death. Continuity of Operations An incident at the nuclear plant could interrupt power generation and (including Continued cause power shortages. Regular operations would likely be affected by the Delivery of Services) response effort an event would require. Property, Facilities and The plant itself could be damaged by a radiological incident. Nearby Infrastructure property and facilities could be affected by contamination. Water supplies,food crops,and livestock within 50 miles of the nuclear Environment plant could be contaminated by radioactive material in the event of a major incident. Economic Condition of The local economy could be affected if a radiological incident caused the Jurisdiction contamination of nearby areas. Property values and economic activity could decline as a result. Public Confidence in the A radiological incident would likely cause severe loss of public confidence Jurisdiction's Governance given that the hazard is human-caused and highly regulated. Public confidence can also be affected by false alarms. ASSOCAIII......... Ih°°III IZI I "II':' Natural hazards are often interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to,or be spurred by, another hazard —sometimes referred to as cascading disasters.Radiological Incidents,although not natural,may be associated with certain natural hazards,including flood,tropical cyclone,tornado, and sea level rise. III'i IL...III 14 I ..III........." I11 ........ Northeastern Monroe County is most at risk to the impacts of a radiological incident at the Turkey Point Nuclear Facility.An effective education and outreach program about the impacts of radiation within the EPZ would help reduce vulnerability to those living within this zone. The Village of Islamorada and areas north in Unincorporated Monroe County are within the Ingestion Pathway Zone,meaning food grown in this area or water will be impacted in the event of a nuclear emergency. Community members here are only at risk if they ingest impacted food/drinks and should be educated as such. The continued utilization of cooling canals at Turkey Point threatens further saltwater intrusion into the Biscayne Aquifer and in turn threatens the predominant drinking water source for the entire county. I G;I" II" I" G? III'i J U G II II'::', II TII0II'"1 h°°°°III �II'::' The following table summarizes radiological incident risk by jurisdiction. Risk is not expected to change substantially between jurisdictions,however jurisdictions overlapping with the Ingestion Pathway Zone were given an impact rating of critical. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily I wacpu:1199 699 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial WarningDuration Score Priority Extent Time Islamorada 1 3 3 4 4 2.6 M Key Colony 1 2 3 4 4 2.3 M Beach Key West 1 2 3 4 4 2.3 M Layton 1 2 3 4 4 2.3 M Marathon 1 2 3 4 4 2.3 M Unincorporated 1 3 3 4 4 2.6 M Monroe County coi.du„iwy a u., a„� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily 700 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT 4.6 IIIIN I. I JSQNS QN 1114°°°°°� � IIII IIIC° IIII' IIII IIII G IG G"II IG G II..I." As discussed in Section 4.2,the Priority Risk Index was used to rate each hazard on a set of risk criteria and determine an overall standardized score for each hazard. The conclusions drawn from this process are summarized below. Table 4.72 summarizes the degree of risk assigned to each identified hazard using the PRI method. slllhsllllo 6.7 Souu°,ul uu°iul suu of IIII'IIII'tllll IIII'tosusll[ts Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Natural Hazards Coastal Erosion Likely Limited Moderate More than 24 hrs Less than 1 week 2.5 Drought Likely Minor Large More than 24 hrs More than 1 week 2.5 Extreme Heat Likely Limited Large More than 24 hrs Less than 1 week 2.7 Flood Highly Likely Critical Large 6 to 12 hours Less than 1 week Sea Level Rise Highly Likely Critical Large More than 24 hrs More than 1 week Severe Storms and Tornadoes' Highly Likely Limited Large Less than 6 hrs Less than 6 hrs 2.6 (Thunderstorm Wind) Severe Storms' Highly Likely Minor Negligible Less than 6 hrs Less than 6 hrs 2.2 (Lightning &Hail) Severe Storms' Likely Limited Small Less than 6 hrs Less than 6 hrs 2.4 (Tornadoes Tropical Cyclones Highly Likely Catastrophic Large More than 24 hrs Less than 1 week Wildfire Likely Limited Small Less than 6 hrs Less than 1 week 1 2.6 Technological and Human-Caused Hazards&Threats Cyber Attack Possible Limited Small Less than 6 hrs More than 1 week 2.4 Radiological Incident Unlikely Critical Moderate Less than 6More than 1 week 2.6 hours 'Severe Storms hazards average to a score of 2.4 and are therefore considered together as a moderate-risk hazard. The results from the PRI have been classified into three categories based on the assigned risk value which are summarized in Table 4.73: High Risk—Widespread potential impact. This ranking carries a high threat to the general population and/or built environment. The potential for damage is widespread. Moderate Risk—Moderate potential impact. This ranking carries a moderate threat level to the general population and/or built environment. Here the potential damage is more isolated and less costly than a more widespread disaster. Low Risk—Minimal potential impact. The occurrence and potential cost of damage to life and property is minimal. This is not a priority hazard. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily 701 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT aIIble 16.73 douu°lunii°iincuu of1114IIIc ouu^dIIII'fliocllll (:'Ilassofliocoticiiili Flood Sea Level Rise Tropical Cyclones Coastal Erosion Drought Extreme Heat Severe Storms&Tornado(Thunderstorm, Lightning, Hail) Wildfire Cyber Attack Radiologic Incident Low Risk none (<2.0) IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily 702 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT — Brink,Uri ten;David Twichell;Patrick Lynett;Eric Geist;Jason Chaytor;Homa Lee;Brian Buczkowski; and Claudia Flores.Regional Assessment of Tsunami Potential in the Gulf of Mexico:U.S.Geological Survey Administrative Report.National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program.2009. — Climate Central Surging Seas Risk Finder,Accessed February 2025. — FEMA Disaster Declarations Summary,updated March 2025. — FEMA Mitigation Ideas:A Resource for Reducing Risk to Natural Hazards.2013. — FEMA.Monroe County and Incorporated Areas Flood Insurance Study.Revised May 16,2012. — FEMA.Community Information System,2025. — FEMA,ISO.Monroe County Repetitive Loss Data.August 2024. — Florida Department of Environmental Protection,Division of Water Resource Management.Critically Eroded Beaches in Florida.Updated August 2024. — Florida Department of Environmental Protection,Office of Resilience and Coastal Protection. Strategic Beach Management Plan:Florida Keys Region.May 2023. — Florida Department of Transportation.Florida Bridge Inventory,2019. — IPCC,2007. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis,Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.(Solomon,S.,D.Qin,M. Manning,Z.Chen,M.Marquis,K.B.Averyt,M.Tignor,and H.L.A-2 EC 1165-2-212 1 Oct 11 Miller, eds.).Cambridge University Press,Cambridge,United Kingdom and New York,NY,USA. — IPCC,2014.Climate Change 2014:Impacts,Adaptation,and Vulnerability.Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. — IPCC,2018:Global warming of 1.5°C.An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways,in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change,sustainable development,and efforts to eradicate poverty[V.Masson-Delmotte,P.Zhai,H.O.P6rtner,D.Roberts,J. Skea,P.R. Shukla,A.Pirani, W.Moufouma-Okia,C.P6an,R.Pidcock, S.Connors,J.B.R.Matthews,Y.Chen,X.Zhou,M.I.Gomis,E. Lonnoy,T.Maycock,M.Tignor,T.Waterfield(eds.)].In Press. — IPCC,2023:Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report.Contribution of Working Groups I,II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change[Core Writing Team,H.Lee and J.Romero(eds.)].IPCC,Geneva,Switzerland,pp. 35-115,doi: 10.59327/IPCC/AR6-9789291691647. — James B.Elsner,Svetoslava C.Elsner,and Thomas H.Jagger. The increasing efficiency of tornadoes in the United States. Climate Dynamics/vol.45 issue 3-4,pp 651-659. — Mazzei,Patricia. 82 Days Underwater:The Tide is High but They're Holding On.November 24,2019.New York Times.https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/24/us/florida-keys-flooding-king-tide.html — Mentaschi,L.et al.Global long-term observations of coastal erosion and accretion.August 27,2018. Scientific Reports.https://doi.org/10.1038/s4l598-018-30904-w — Monroe County local GIS data(parcels,LOMCs,critical facilities).2024. — Monroe County Emergency Management Department.Monroe County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan.Updated July 2022. — National Climate Assessment,2014. — Fifth National Climate Assessment,2023 — National Drought Mitigation Center,Drought Impact Reporter. couu,wy a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy jani,wily 703 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION&RISK ASSESSMENT — National Integrated Drought Information System,U.S.Drought Portal. — National Weather Service. — NOAA,Coastal Change Analysis Program(C-CAP). https://coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/data/ccapregional.html — NOAA,National Centers for Environmental Information,Storm Events Database. — NOAA,National Hurricane Center. — NOAA,Office of Coastal Management. — NOAA,Tides and Currents — North Carolina State Climate Office.Climate Tools. — Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact.Unified Sea Level Rise Projection.Updated 2019. Accessed February 2025. — Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment,2025. — State of Florida.Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan.2023. — U.S.Census Bureau.American Community Survey 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates. — U.S.Department of Agriculture,Risk Management Agency,Cause of Loss Historical Data Files,2007-2023. — U.S.Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration. — U.S.Drought Monitor.February 2025. — U.S.Energy Information Administration — U.S.Environmental Protection Agency Toxic Release Inventory. — U.S.Forest Service,Wildland Fire Assessment System. — U.S.Geological Survey Coastal Change Hazards Portal. — U.S.Global Change Research Program,2016: The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States:A Scientific Assessment.http://dx.doi.org/10.7930/JOR49NQX — USGCRP,2017: Climate Science Special Report:Fourth National Climate Assessment,Volume I [Wuebbles,D.J.,D.W.Fahey,K.A.Hibbard,D.J.Dokken,B.C. Stewart,and T.K.Maycock(eds.)].U.S. Global Change Research Program,Washington,DC,USA,470 pp.,doi: 10.7930/JOJ964J6. — VAISALA,National Lightning Detection Network. couu,w, a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy 704 SECTIONS: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT ASS N4 m uuuuuuu This section discusses the capability of Monroe County to implement hazard mitigation activities. It consists of the following four subsections: 5.1 Overview 5.2 Conducting the Capability Assessment 5.3 Capability Assessment Findings 5.4 Conclusions on Local Capability The purpose of conducting a capability assessment is to determine the ability of a local jurisdiction to implement a comprehensive mitigation strategy, and to identify potential opportunities for establishing or enhancing specific mitigation policies,programs,or projects.As in any planning process,it is important to try to establish which goals,objectives, and actions are feasible,based on an understanding of the organizational capacity of those agencies or departments tasked with their implementation.A capability assessment helps to determine which mitigation actions are practical and likely to be implemented over time given a local government's planning and regulatory framework,level of administrative and technical support,fiscal resources,and current political climate. A capability assessment has two primary components: 1)an inventory of a local jurisdiction's relevant plans,ordinances, and programs already in place; and 2)an analysis of its capacity to carry them out. Careful examination of local capabilities will detect any existing gaps, shortfalls,or weaknesses with ongoing government activities that could hinder proposed mitigation activities and possibly exacerbate community hazard vulnerability. The capability assessment also highlights the positive mitigation measures already in place or being implemented at the local government level,which should continue to be supported and enhanced through future mitigation efforts. The capability assessment completed for Monroe County serves as a critical planning step toward developing an effective mitigation strategy. Coupled with the risk assessment,the capability assessment helps identify and target effective goals, objectives,and mitigation actions that are realistically achievable under given local conditions. 5.2 „� To facilitate the inventory and analysis of local government capabilities within the planning area, individual meetings were held with LMSWG members from each jurisdiction to review a variety of "capability indicators"such as existing local plans,policies,programs,or ordinances that contribute to and/or hinder the jurisdiction's ability to implement hazard mitigation actions. Other indicators included information related to fiscal,administrative, and technical capabilities, such as access to local budgetary and personnel resources for mitigation purposes,and existing education and outreach programs that can be used to promote mitigation. In addition to requesting LMSWG input,the planning team re-examined data from the 2020 plan and conducted a review of plans,policies,and ordinances in order to identify changes in capability over the past five years. The previous plan's capability assessment was developed using feedback from the LMSWG through a detailed Local Capability Self-Assessment worksheet. 0IIIII"0e C01,01l"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 705 SECTIONS: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT At a minimum,the capability assessment findings provide an extensive and consolidated inventory of existing local plans,ordinances,programs,and resources in place or under development.With this information,inferences can be made about the overall effect on hazard loss reduction in each community. The findings of the capability assessment are summarized in this plan to provide insight into the relevant capacity of Monroe County to implement hazard mitigation activities.All information is based upon the input provided by local government officials and subsequent updates by the planning team and the LMSWG. 5.3.7 P1..A G AND REG(..,11..A.7...ORY CA A /I..,F7... Planning and regulatory capability is based on the implementation of plans,ordinances,and programs that demonstrate a local jurisdiction's commitment to guiding and managing growth,development,and redevelopment in a responsible manner,while maintaining the general welfare of the community. It includes emergency response and mitigation planning,comprehensive land use planning,and transportation planning.Regulatory capability also includes the enforcement of zoning or subdivision ordinances and building codes that regulate how land is developed and structures are built,as well as protecting environmental,historic, and cultural resources in the community.Although some conflicts can arise,these planning initiatives generally present significant opportunities to integrate hazard mitigation principles and practices into the local decision-making process. Table 5.1 provides a summary of the relevant local plans, ordinances,and programs already in place or under development for Monroe County.A checkmark(✓)indicates that the given item is currently in place and being implemented. A plus sign(+)indicates that a jurisdiction is covered for that item under a county-implemented version.An asterisk(*)indicates that a jurisdiction is developing an item. Each of these local plans,ordinances,and programs should be considered available mechanisms for incorporating the requirements of the Local Mitigation Strategy. This information will help identify opportunities to address gaps,weaknesses,or conflicts with other initiatives and integrate the implementation of this plan with existing planning mechanisms where appropriate. 0IIIII"0e C01,01l"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ crag a 706 ti 0 ti wa;sAS Sul;etl f4lunwwoa wea6oad aaueansul pools leuol;eN > > > > > > ueld uol;aa;oad aal3pllMf4lunwwo3 apoa aal:j > > > > > > apoa Sulpllna > > > > > > aaueulpio;uawdolanapatl as;sesla-;sod aaueulpio;uawdolanaa pal;lun s;uawaalnbatl nnalnatl ueld a;IS > > > > > > aaueulpio uolslnlp4nS > > > > > > aaueulpio SuluoZ > > > > > > aaueulpio uol;uanaad aSewea pools > > > > > > ueld uopeaaodsueal > > ueld uol;enaasaad alao;slH > > ueld;uawdolanaa 31wou033 ueld s;uawanoidwl le;ldea > > > > > > veld Aaanoaatl aa;sesla > > ueld uopenaen3 + + + + + ueld suol;eaado;o f4lnul;uoa + + + + + veld A*ua6aaw3 lealSololpetl + + + + + E ueld III aI4I1 VUYS a ueld suol;eaado A*ua6aaw3 + + + + + ueld;uawa6eueW aa;ennwao;Sto > > > > > ■ t6„m ueld;uawa6eueW aaedS uado � III z W ueld;uawaSeueW uleldpool:1 > > > > > > 0 veld ash pue-1 anlsuayaadwoa > > > > > > II IS ueld uol;eSI;IW piezeHall > > > > > > m O C a-J O N a (Qf � C 3 U O ra 11 u m Y Y U m 0 z a 0 O O r O O O A O '"+ O A. O ate' ate' f0 � 0 n 2 U m U U U '� 5 a. ali SECTION5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT A more detailed discussion on planning and regulatory capability follows,along with the incorporation of additional information based on the narrative comments provided by LMSWG members and local staff in response to the self-assessment and subsequent discussions. Hazard mitigation is widely recognized as one of the four primary phases of emergency management,as is shown in Figure 5.1. In reality,mitigation is interconnected with all other phases and is an essential component of effective preparedness,response,and recovery. Opportunities to reduce potential losses through mitigation practices are most often implemented before a disaster event, such as through the elevation of flood-prone structures or by regular enforcement of policies that regulate development. However,mitigation opportunities can also be identified during immediate preparedness or response activities, such as installing storm shutters in advance of a hurricane.Furthermore, incorporating mitigation during the long-term recovery and redevelopment process following a disaster event is what enables a community to become more resilient over time. II I guuumu" ""III'"'lllhe IIIu'uuu^IIII')IIIhaaa'a cif IIIIIIIIII'uu°'ul�uul° uuu�ay IIl auu�a2uuu°'ul�uuu�rt Planning for each phase is a critical part of a comprehensive emergency management program and a key to the successful implementation of hazard mitigation actions. II A1211A ::'1) 11A G,A 1""'II0II'111 II'' 'IL....... I11 A hazard mitigation plan, or local mitigation strategy, is a community's blueprint for how it intends to reduce the impact of natural and human-caused hazards on people and the built environment. The essential elements of a hazard mitigation plan include a risk assessment,capability assessment,and mitigation strategy. — All participating jurisdictions in this multi jurisdictional planning effort participated in and adopted the 2020 Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy. — Key West and Layton/Key Colony Beach are currently(as of Spring 2025)developing vulnerability assessments and adaptation plans,which should be completed by the end of 2025. Key West's plan will culminate in a community-prioritized 10-year Adaptation Plan that identifies projects,budgets, and grants necessary to prepare the city and its residents for future climate hazards. — Islamorada and Marathon developed vulnerability assessments in 2024. C01.d1inw „a u. u� ocall WLugaLk°oiw Strategy Janually ..026 ag 708 SECTIONS: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT Monroe County and Islamorada,Layton,Key Colony Beach and Marathon are developing a combined vulnerability assessment beginning in 2025. SAS A disaster recovery plan serves to guide the physical, social, environmental,and economic recovery and reconstruction process following a disaster event. In many instances,hazard mitigation principles and practices are incorporated into local disaster recovery plans with the intent of capitalizing on opportunities to break the cycle of repetitive disaster losses. Disaster recovery plans can also lead to the preparation of disaster redevelopment policies and ordinances to be enacted following a hazard event. Monroe County's 2009 Recovery Plan outlines the following policies and procedures for post-disaster mitigation: 1. Assign a Hazard Mitigation Coordinator to lead the effort and provide overall coordination of the post—disaster mitigation planning process and grant proposal development. a. Ensure this person has the authority to cross departmental lines and ensure interdepartmental participation. 2. Review the County's Pre—Disaster Mitigation Plan; Determine updates and changes needed. 3. Participate on an Interagency Hazard Mitigation Committee(IHMC),made up of federal, state and local representatives who will prepare a report that serves as the basis for the hazard mitigation plan. a. The II-1MC identifies opportunities for reducing or eliminating the long—term hazard risk to people and property. The IHMC report normally includes an analysis of the disaster incident,a historical perspective regarding disasters in the impacted area, and recommendations to bring various governmental agencies together to reduce the potential for future losses. 4. Coordinate with RF# 13 (Redevelopment(Planning and Community Development))to ensure the Post—Disaster Mitigation Plan and strategies are linked with land use plans, subdivision regulations,building codes, storm water management plans,the capital improvement plan, and other components of the County's Comprehensive Plan. 5. Identify and apply for federal and state post--disaster mitigation programs and funds. 6. Update the County's Hazard Mitigation Plan. In January 2020,Monroe County released its Post-Disaster Recovery Strategy,which serves as an operational framework intended to help Monroe County navigate resources that are available for long- term recovery,after FEMA Individual Assistance and Public Assistance are exhausted. Stakeholders from each of Monroe County's jurisdictions were included in the creation of the plan. The plan outlines long- term recovery procedures for various county functions. Long-term community recovery planning procedures that support post-disaster mitigation are listed below: Landfall to 3 months: — Work closely with Monroe County Emergency Management to understand data related to the FEMA Individual Assistance Program. Specifically,document the number of applicants,the amount of assistance provided to-date and the number of individuals denied assistance. It is also important to understand the number of households who are provided temporary sheltering assistance support through FEMA trailers,hotel lodging or other resources. — Review existing plans and ordinances to determine if adjustments need to be made to streamline recovery or address a specific need resulting from the disaster. C01.d1inw „a u. u� ocall WLugaLk°oiw Strategy Janually ..026 709 SECTION5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT 3 to 6 months: — Coordinate with the Housing Recovery Team to conduct a survey of long-term housing repair needs that considers the appetite of homeowners for mitigation programs as well as voluntary buyout programs. 6 months to 1 year: — Coordinate the Housing Recovery Team to understand impacts on homeowners and renters and the need for new workforce housing to support long-term recovery. — Coordinate with the Economic Recovery Team to conduct a survey of local long-term business recovery needs(the survey conducted following Hurricane Irma is a great example). — Coordinate with the Infrastructure Recovery Team to understand infrastructure impacts and specific projects that will not be covered by the FEMA Public Assistance or the FEMA Hazard Mitigation Grant Program. — Coordinate with the Finance and Administration Teams to understand the long-term fiscal impacts the County and any additional support that may be needed to ensure a successful recovery. This can include financial assistance to support local tax revenue shortfalls or new positions that are needed to support long-term recovery and redevelopment. — Coordinate with the Finance and Administration to understand impacts to cultural and historic resources and any gaps in funding that may exist to ensure that these resources are restored. — Coordinate with the Environmental Restoration Team to understand impacts on the environment, including marine debris,fisheries,and other environmental concerns/impacts. — Coordinate with municipalities to understand how the disaster impacted their community and specific projects not covered by current resources,needed to support this recovery. — Conduct forums or listening sessions to get public feedback on important elements to preserve in the community and potential strategies to build-back in a way that may move the community in a more resilient direction in the future. 1 to 2 years: — Ensure that the collection of unmet needs and action plan development processes are transparent by posting relevant information to a central website for recovery and offering opportunities in-person and online for community members to ask questions and offer feedback on projects. — Work closely with the Public Information Officer to ensure that all opportunities to provide feedback are broadly disseminated through all advertising venues including social media,press releases,etc. — Work with schools and non-profit agencies to develop creative ways to involve students and the art community in soliciting feedback on redevelopment. — Develop a long-term recovery plan that builds on the information collected to date and outlines clear actions that are needed,with funding sources aligned to guide recovery and long-term redevelopment. — As resources are available to support long-term recovery,coordinate closely with municipalities and other eligible stakeholders to ensure that the opportunities are seized. 2+years: — Continue close coordination with all stakeholders as funding continues to roll out and provide webinars,meetings,newsletters and other media to get the word out about grant opportunities and facilitate a forum for communication. Key West has its own post-disaster redevelopment plan. C01.d1inw „a u. u� ocall WLugaLk°oiw Strategy Janually ..026 710 SECTIONS: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT IICIIIIIII II°" 'IICIIIIIII II' I II „.. II"" S ')'IL....... "" An emergency operations plan outlines responsibilities and how resources will be deployed during and following an emergency or disaster. — All participating jurisdictions are covered under the Monroe County Emergency Management Comprehensive Plan,which was passed in 2022. .. I� 1..II II''^ IG IL.......I'" ..�..II II'" II..�.. .. II'....... .. IG III.........IG A continuity of operations plan establishes a chain of command,line of succession, and plans for backup or alternate emergency facilities in case of an extreme emergency or disaster event. — All participating jurisdictions are covered under the Monroe County Continuity of Operations Plan. The implementation of hazard mitigation activities involves agencies and individuals beyond the emergency management profession. Stakeholders may include local planners,public works officials, economic development specialists,and others. In many instances,concurrent local planning efforts will help to achieve or complement hazard mitigation goals. II" GIG;G'III.........h°°'III III........ II AIL... I' II'::', IC; IG IL....... A comprehensive or land use plan establishes the overall vision for what a community wants to be and serves as a guide for future governmental decision making. Typically, a comprehensive plan contains sections on demographic conditions,land use,transportation elements, and community facilities. Given the broad nature of the plan and its regulatory standing in many communities,the integration of hazard mitigation measures into the comprehensive plan can enhance the likelihood of achieving risk reduction goals,objectives,and actions. — All participating jurisdictions have a comprehensive plan. — Key Colony Beach and Islamorada are currently updating their comprehensive plans. IG)II..I.. G IG;G" ..I.. IG IL....... A capital improvements plan guides the scheduling of spending on public improvements. A capital improvements plan can serve as an important mechanism for guiding future development away from identified hazard areas. Limiting public spending in hazardous areas is one of the most effective long- term mitigation actions available to local governments. All participating jurisdictions have a capital improvements plan in place. h°°'III IIS..I..'G IZ ..II II''^ �IG IL....... I'IG;��II „� 1 IG IG;I�II''; III.........IG;I� A historic preservation plan is intended to preserve historic structures or districts within a community. An often-overlooked aspect of the historic preservation plan is the assessment of buildings and sites located in areas subject to natural hazards,and the identification of ways to reduce future damages. This may involve retrofitting or relocation techniques that account for the need to protect buildings that do not meet current building standards or are within a historic district that cannot easily be relocated out of harm's way. 1 of the 6 participating jurisdictions have a historic preservation plan in place or underdevelopment. Zoning represents the primary means by which land use is controlled by local governments.As part of a community's police power,zoning is used to protect the public health, safety,and welfare of those in a C01.d1inw „a u. u� ocall WLugaLk°oiw Strategy Janually ..026 wage I..i!'I'II'II 711 SECTION5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT given jurisdiction that maintains zoning authority.A zoning ordinance is the mechanism through which zoning is typically implemented. Since zoning regulations enable municipal governments to limit the type and density of development,a zoning ordinance can serve as a powerful tool when applied in identified hazard areas. — All participating jurisdictions have a zoning ordinance in place and enforce zoning regulations. Il...i IL.. II I S II 0`4 0G II': II II'4 A`4 „.. III......... A subdivision ordinance is intended to regulate the development of residential, commercial,industrial,or other uses,including associated public infrastructure, as land is subdivided into buildable lots for sale or future development. Subdivision design that accounts for natural hazards can dramatically reduce the exposure of future development. All participating jurisdictions have a subdivision ordinance in place and enforce subdivision regulations. i `4 G COII'::', III M I......1 II II''^ ' II'::', II II' IG III II II'" Building codes regulate construction standards. In many communities,permits and inspections are required for new construction. Decisions regarding the adoption of building codes(that account for hazard risk),the type of permitting process required both before and after a disaster,and the enforcement of inspection protocols all affect the level of hazard risk faced by a community. — All participating jurisdictions have building codes in place and enforce building code requirements. The adoption and enforcement of building codes by local jurisdictions is routinely assessed through the Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule(BCEGS)program, developed by the Insurance Services Office,Inc. (ISO). The results of BCEGS assessments are routinely provided to ISO's member private insurance companies,which in turn may offer ratings credits for new buildings constructed in communities with strong BCEGS classifications. The expectation is that communities with well-enforced, up-to-date codes should experience fewer disaster-related losses,and as a result should have lower insurance rates. In conducting the assessment,ISO collects information related to personnel qualification and continuing education, as well as number of inspections performed per day. This type of information combined with local building codes is used to determine a grade for that jurisdiction. The grades range from 1 to 10,with a BCEGS grade of 1 representing exemplary commitment to building code enforcement, and a grade of 10 indicating less than minimum recognized protection. Flooding represents the greatest natural hazard facing the nation,yet the tools available to reduce the impacts associated with flooding are among the most developed when compared to other hazard-specific mitigation techniques. In addition to approaches that cut across hazards such as education, outreach,and the training of local officials,the National Flood Insurance Program(NFIP)contains specific regulatory measures that enable government officials to determine where and how growth occurs relative to flood hazards. Participation in the NFIP is voluntary for local governments; however,program participation is strongly encouraged by FEMA as a first step for implementing and sustaining an effective hazard mitigation program. It is therefore used as part of this capability assessment as a key indicator for measuring local capability. To participate in the NFIP,a county or municipality must adopt a local flood damage prevention ordinance that requires established minimum building standards in the floodplain.These standards require that all new buildings and substantial improvements to existing buildings be protected from damage by a 1%-annual-chance flood event and that new development in the floodplain not exacerbate existing flood C01.d1inw „a u. u� ocall WLugaLk°oiw Strategy Janually ..026 wage u!'I'II2.. 712 SECTION 5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT problems or increase damage to other properties. Within the last five years,Monroe County and its incorporated communities adopted flood damage prevention ordinance updates establishing minimum elevation requirements communitywide,protecting development not only in the SFHA but also in areas currently mapped as moderate and low risk zones. A key service provided by the NFIP is the mapping of identified flood hazard areas. Flood Insurance Rate Maps(FIRMS)are used to assess flood hazard risk,regulate construction practices,and set flood insurance rates.FIRMS are an important source of information to educate residents,government officials, and the private sector about the likelihood of flooding in their community. All jurisdictions in Monroe County participate in the NFIP. NFIP policy and claim information for each participating jurisdiction are provided in the jurisdictional annexes along within an overview of NFIP participation activities and higher standards of floodplain management enforced in each community. All jurisdictions will continue to comply with all required provisions of the NFIR Floodplain management is managed through zoning ordinances,building code restrictions,and the county building inspection program. The jurisdictions will coordinate with FDEM and FEMA to develop maps and regulations related to Special Flood Hazard Areas within their jurisdictional boundaries and,through a consistent monitoring process,will design and improve their floodplain management program in a way that reduces the risk of flooding to people and property. Additional details on Community Rating System (CRS)participation and substantial damage management procedures are provided below. 1A 1A U 1114II..1." IG G I..II II''^ .. "'III.........W An additional indicator of floodplain management capability is active participation in the CRS. The CRS is an incentive-based program that encourages communities to undertake defined flood mitigation activities that go beyond the minimum requirements of the NFIP.Each of the CRS mitigation activities is assigned a point value.As a community earns points and reaches identified thresholds,they can apply for an improved CRS class. Class ratings,which range from 10 to 1 and increase on 500-point increments, are tied to flood insurance premium reductions.Every class improvement earns an additional 5 percent discount for NFIP policyholders,with a starting discount of 5 percent for Class 9 communities and a maximum possible discount of 45 percent for Class 1 communities. Community participation in the CRS is voluntary.Any community that is in full compliance with the rules and regulations of the NFIP may apply to FEMA for a CRS classification better than class 10. The CRS application process has been greatly simplified over the past several years,based on community comments intended to make the CRS more user friendly,and extensive technical assistance is available for communities who request it. All communities in Monroe County participate in the Community Rating System.Each community's CRS Class is shown in Table 5.2.Key West is working toward a CRS improvement to a Class 4. clllh llllc52 II')ollllilcyaii1d1„ Illlnlliii,iul Illluu�rfouu^uu°ul c'tliuouu� Date of Initial NFIP Entry Date Current CRS Current Effective Jurisdiction FIRM/FHBM Class Map Date Monroe County 06/20/70 06/15/1973 3 04/01/2022 City of Key Colony Beach 06/20/70 07/16/71 6 04/01/2025 City of Key West 09/03/71 09/03/1971 5 10/01/2020 City of Layton 07/01/70 07/23/1971 5 04/01/2022 City of Marathon 06/20/70 10/16/2000 6 05/01/2018 Village of Islamorada 06/20/70 10/01/1998 5 04/01/2022 Source:FEMA Community Status Book,2022 moinioe coi.du,yL,wp„II'""IL. SIG" ..G�26 .,.4"�d"�'I;� '�fiuLu^��'I�Lu:�°oiw Strategy n'�iwi.d�'I�u°y 713 SECTIONS: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT L... IL.. II')IL... ""4 I " A floodplain management plan(or a flood mitigation plan)provides a framework for action regarding corrective and preventative measures to reduce flood-related impacts. — This hazard mitigation plan follows the 10 steps of the CRS Activity 510 Floodplain Management Plan process and provides a similar framework for flood mitigation;therefore,all jurisdictions have planned for floodplain management through this process. — Key West is currently updating its Duval Street Master Plan which addresses stormwater issues and wind-proofing of commercial structures. The City is also updating the Mallory Square Master Plan which will address sea wall updates and elevation. — Monroe County,Key West,Layton,Key Colony Beach and Marathon are all currently developing CRS Activity 452.b Watershed Management Plans. Islamorada's was completed and approved in 2024.Monroe County is updating their previous WMP that was adopted in 2019. III'i ..I.. I`„ .. "'llAM AG The NFIP requires that participating communities regulate and enforce substantial damage and substantial improvement procedures such that,at a minimum,buildings that are damaged to 50 percent or more of their market value or improved by 50 percent or more of their market value are required to be brought into compliance with flood damage prevention regulations for new development, such as being elevated to the freeboard requirement. Procedures followed by the participating jurisdictions in Monroe County are outlined below. Monroe County's Building Official is designated as the Floodplain Administrator.For applications for building permits to improve buildings and structures,including alterations,movement,enlargement, replacement,repair,change of occupancy, additions,rehabilitations,renovations, substantial improvements,repairs of substantial damage,and any other improvement of or work on such buildings and structures,the Building Official of Monroe County shall follow the procedures outlined below: — Estimate the market value,or require the applicant to obtain an appraisal of the market value prepared by a qualified independent appraiser,of the building or structure before the start of construction of the proposed work; in the case of repair,the market value of the building or structure shall be the market value before the damage occurred and before any repairs are made; — Compare the cost to perform the improvement,the cost to repair a damaged building to its pre- damaged condition, or the combined costs of improvements and repairs,if applicable,to the market value of the building or structure; — Determine and document whether the proposed work constitutes substantial improvement or repair of substantial damage; and — Notify the applicant if it is determined that the work constitutes substantial improvement or repair of substantial damage and that compliance with the flood resistant construction requirements of the FL Building Code and the flood damage prevention ordinance is required. /7...YOF KEYCOLONYBEACI.../ The City of Key Colony Beach's Building Official is designated as the Floodplain Administrator. For applications for building permits to improve buildings and structures,including alterations,movement, enlargement,replacement,repair,change of occupancy, additions,rehabilitations,renovations, substantial C01.d1inw „a u. u� ocall WLugaLk°oiw Strategy Janually ..026 crag w 7d'I'II u 714 SECTION5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT improvements,repairs of substantial damage, and any other improvement of or work on such buildings and structures,the Building Official of Key Colony Beach shall follow the procedures outlined below: — Estimate the market value,or require the applicant to obtain an appraisal of the market value prepared by a qualified independent appraiser,of the building or structure before the start of construction of the proposed work; in the case of repair,the market value of the building or structure shall be the market value before the damage occurred and before any repairs are made; — Compare the cost to perform the improvement,the cost to repair a damaged building to its pre- damaged condition, or the combined costs of improvements and repairs,if applicable,to the market value of the building or structure; — Determine and document whether the proposed work constitutes substantial improvement or repair of substantial damage; and — Notify the applicant if it is determined that the work constitutes substantial improvement or repair of substantial damage and that compliance with the flood resistant construction requirements of the FL Building Code and the flood damage prevention ordinance is required. The City of Key West's FEMA Coordinator is the designated Floodplain Administrator. For applications for building permits to improve buildings and structures,including alterations,movement,enlargement, replacement,repair,change of occupancy, additions,rehabilitations,renovations, substantial improvements,repairs of substantial damage,and any other improvement of or work on such buildings and structures,the floodplain administrator, shall: — Estimate the market value,or require the applicant to submit appraisals -not older than one year-of the market value prepared by a qualified independent appraiser, of the building or structure before the start of construction of the proposed work; in the case of repair,the market value of the building or structure shall be the market value before the damage occurred and before any repairs are made; — Compare the cost to perform the improvement,the cost to repair a damaged building to its pre- damaged condition, or the combined costs of improvements and repairs,if applicable,to the market value of the building or structure; — Determine and document whether the proposed work constitutes substantial improvement or repair of substantial damage;the determination requires evaluation of previous permits issued for improvements and repairs as specified in the definition of"substantial improvement"; for proposed work to repair damage caused by flooding,the determination requires evaluation as specified in the definition of"substantial damage"; and — Notify the applicant if it is determined that the work constitutes substantial improvement or repair of substantial damage and that compliance with the flood-resistant construction requirements of the Florida Building Code and this ordinance is required. The City of Layton's Building Code Administrator is designated as the Floodplain Administrator.For applications for building permits to improve buildings and structures,including alterations,movement, enlargement,replacement,repair,change of occupancy, additions,rehabilitations,renovations, substantial improvements,repairs of substantial damage,and any other improvement of or work on such buildings and structures,the floodplain administrator,in coordination with the building official, shall: — Estimate the market value or require the applicant to obtain an appraisal of the market value prepared by a qualified independent appraiser,of the building or structure before the start of construction of the C01.d1inw „a u. u� ocall WLugaLk°oiw Strategy janually ..026 1 wage i!'I'II,'5 715 SECTION5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT proposed work; in the case of repair,the market value of the building or structure shall be the market value before the damage occurred and before any repairs are made. — Compare the cost to perform the improvement,the cost to repair a damaged building to its pre- damaged condition, or the combined costs of improvements and repairs,if applicable,to the market value of the building or structure. — Determine and document whether the proposed work constitutes substantial improvement or repair of substantial damage. — Notify the applicant if it is determined that the work constitutes substantial improvement or repair of substantial damage and that compliance with the flood resistant construction requirements of the Florida Building Code and this chapter is required. The City Manager of Marathon is designated as the Floodplain Administrator. For applications for building permits to improve buildings and structures,including alterations,movement,enlargement, replacement,repair,change of occupancy, additions,rehabilitations,renovations, substantial improvements,repairs of substantial damage,and any other improvement of or work on such buildings and structures,the Floodplain Administrator,in coordination with the Building Official shall follow the procedures outlined below: — Estimate the market value,or require the applicant to obtain an appraisal of the market value prepared by a qualified independent appraiser,of the building or structure before the start of construction of the proposed work; in the case of repair,the market value of the building or structure shall be the market value before the damage occurred and before any repairs are made; — Compare the cost to perform the improvement,the cost to repair a damaged building to its pre- damaged condition, or the combined costs of improvements and repairs,if applicable,to the market value of the building or structure; — Determine and document whether the proposed work constitutes substantial improvement or repair of substantial damage; and — Notify the applicant if it is determined that the work constitutes substantial improvement or repair of substantial damage and that compliance with the flood resistant construction requirements of the FL Building Code and the flood damage prevention ordinance is required. ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISI ANDS The Village Manager is designated as the Floodplain Administrator;however the Village Floodplain/CRS Coordinator oversees development in the floodplain including substantial damage and substantial improvement determinations. Islamorada has developed a Substantial Damage Administrative Procedures Plan following FEMA's template and guidance. The Village uses Forerunner software and CityView software to maintain a property database of structures in the floodplain and to facilitate making substantial damage determinations following a flooding event. Staff from the Building Department and Fire Department coordinate post-event to identify areas of damage and make substantial damage determinations.Property owners are notified via a letter through Forerunner. For applications for building permits to improve buildings and structures,including alterations, movement,enlargement,replacement,repair, change of occupancy,additions,rehabilitations, renovations, substantial improvements,repairs of substantial damage, and any other improvement of or work on such buildings and structures,the Floodplain Administrator,in coordination with the Building Official, shall: C01.d1inw „a u. u� ocall WLugaLk°oiw Strategy janually ..026 arage 7d'I'IIGww 716 SECTION5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT — Estimate the market value,or require the applicant to obtain an appraisal of the market value prepared by a qualified independent appraiser,of the building or structure before the start of construction of the proposed work; in the case of repair,the market value of the building or structure shall be the market value before the damage occurred and before any repairs are made; — Compare the cost to perform the improvement,the cost to repair a damaged building to its pre- damaged condition, or the combined costs of improvements and repairs,if applicable,to the market value of the building or structure; — Determine and document whether the proposed work constitutes substantial improvement or repair of substantial damage; for proposed work to repair damage caused by flooding,the determination requires evaluation of previous permits issued to repair flood-related damage as specified in the definition of"substantial damage"; and — Notify the applicant if it is determined that the work constitutes substantial improvement or repair of substantial damage and that compliance with the flood resistant construction requirements of the Florida Building Code and this article is required. IG III......... IG III......... " III........." .... IG IL....... I' An open space management plan is designed to preserve,protect,and restore largely undeveloped lands in their natural state,and to expand or connect areas in the public domain such as parks,greenways,and other outdoor recreation areas. In many instances open space management practices are consistent with the goals of reducing hazard losses, such as the preservation of wetlands or other flood-prone areas in their natural state in perpetuity. — The City of Marathon is in the process of developing a Parks,Recreation, and Open Space Master Plan. — All other jurisdictions do not have an open space management plan. ..1."0 IG G II° WA I..III.........G G II" III........." .... IG IL....... A stormwater management plan is designed to address flooding associated with stormwater runoff. The stormwater management plan is typically focused on design and construction measures that are intended to reduce the impact of more frequently occurring minor urban flooding. — 4 of 6 participating jurisdictions have a stormwater management plan. — The City of Islamorada is currently developing an updated stormwater management plan,which is expected to be completed in 2026. — Monroe County,Key West,Layton,Key Colony Beach and Marathon are all currently developing CRS Activity 452.b Watershed Management Plans. Islamorada's was completed and approved in 2024. 5.32 ADMIN1,57... A7"""IVY 'A "7 E'CHNICAI CAPAB11..,/7 The ability of a local government to develop and implement mitigation projects,policies, and programs is directly tied to its ability to direct staff time and resources for that purpose. Administrative capability can be evaluated by determining how mitigation-related activities are assigned to local departments and if there are adequate personnel resources to complete these activities. The degree of intergovernmental coordination among departments will also affect administrative capability for the implementation and success of proposed mitigation activities. Technical capability can generally be evaluated by assessing the level of knowledge and technical expertise of local government employees, such as personnel skilled in using GIS to analyze and assess C01.d1inw „a u. u� ocall WLugaLk°oiw Strategy Janually ..026 attage 7d'I'II"/ 717 SECTION5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT community hazard vulnerability. Community meetings were used to capture information on administrative and technical capability through the identification of available staff and personnel resources. Table 5.3 provides a summary of the results for each jurisdiction with regard to relevant staff and personnel resources.A checkmark indicates the presence of a staff member(s)in that jurisdiction with the specified knowledge or skill. In the past five years,Islamorada has added a new sustainability/resiliency position and a planning review engineer. Three to four Key West staff members became Certified Floodplain Managers and they have a resilience manager. Since the City's updated strategic plan,Key West has been able to expand their training budget to support adaptation planning opportunities across departments. Both Key West and Islamorada are working on a LiDAR mapping project. Islamorada will utilize this data for a road elevation assessment in tandem with the stormwater management plan that is currently being updated.All jurisdictions have detailed mobile LiDAR data for future planning efforts. slllbllllo" 'P' IIIIt'allllovullll t S'tsf'f ouu^souu dul ielll IIII't'asoulircos 0 EH = �' o d a Im 'a , O C N 1p •i a>i C C � M m (aN O ,C a � *' a w •1p a M d d C C L �° N to � i N l0 ate+ r +0. E 3 y 3 d H V i L Ip L L � V d •d f cd Sd O ao • Y I7 i rM -C C aCM d HE � CL dA. V o Nd •H E L C H C C C •io s m d c Im Jurisdiction 1p aC =I&I a c W w LL 3 H e a In 3 Monroe County ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ City of Key Colony ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Beach City of Key West ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ City of Layton ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ City of Marathon ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Village of Islamoracla ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ *Layton's Building Official has retired,and the City is under contract with a private provider. The ability of a local government to implement mitigation actions is often dependent on the amount of money available. This may take the form of outside grant funding awards or locally based revenue and s01,1110e . �.01.d1inw „a u. u� ocall WLugaLk°oiw Strategy Janually ..026 arage 7d'I'Ill1!3 718 SECTION5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT financing. The costs associated with mitigation policy and project implementation vary widely. In some cases,policies are tied primarily to staff time or administrative costs associated with the creation and monitoring of a given program. In other cases,direct expenses are linked to an actual project such as the acquisition of flood-prone houses,which can require a substantial commitment from local, state, and federal funding sources. The Local Capability Self-Assessment was used to capture information on each jurisdiction's fiscal capability through the identification of locally available financial resources. Table 5.4 provides a summary of the results for each jurisdiction with regard to relevant fiscal resources. A checkmark indicates that the given fiscal resource is locally available for hazard mitigation purposes (including match funds for state and federal mitigation grant funds). sllll'�llll SA IZdolle"iilli'f IIII'Illsssllll IIIIZesouirces V m C V c Im C L H •E ai E O O N d rn H d 3 a H m a = c CL 0 LL m° E d �: � � c a as > as E a o v� CL a .L c X = a' E C d c. oE o C o a a c 0 sE c Jurisdiction y yV V v Ow 1Z Monroe County ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ City of Key Colony Beach ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ City of Key West ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ City of Layton ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ City of Marathon ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Village of Islamorada ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Monroe County has a Municipal Service Benefit Unit to fund road elevation and tidal flooding mitigation. Since the last plan update, several communities have added fiscal resources: — Key West passed four general obligation bonds for resilience,parks and rec, streets(including stormwater),and safety(fire station and police station upgrades). — Key West received$1.4 million in FDEO and FDEP funds for a vulnerability assessment and adaptation plan. — Key West received a Florida Defense DIG to help establish the Bahama Village Resilience Hub. — Layton and Key Colony Beach received funding for a vulnerability assessment through the Resilient Florida program. — Monroe County has received funding and updated their vulnerability assessment. C01.d1inw „a u. u� ocall WLugaLk°oiw Strategy La°,^ naiwi.dau°�. I ..��26 arage 7d'I'I✓ 719 SECTION5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT — All jurisdictions received FDEM funds to develop new or updated watershed management plans. — Monroe County has received funding for several road elevation projects. — Islamorada has received USACE and FDOT funding for a revetment project. — Monroe County Tourist Development Council can help support mitigation efforts that protect and complement tourism in the region. This type of local capability refers to education and outreach programs and methods already in place that could be used to implement mitigation activities and communicate hazard-related information.Examples include natural disaster or safety related school programs;participation in community programs such as Firewise or StormReady; and activities conducted as part of hazard awareness campaigns such as a Tornado Awareness Month. Table 5.5 provides a summary of relevant education and outreach resources.A checkmark indicates that the given resource is locally available for hazard mitigation purposes. allll Mlle" 5 ail°wort O dill^eaclllIi IIIIResauulircos OF C a0+ = O L O = O a7 1p E d E y y w o a Q. 2 m d __ a > �p a 'L 1p C 1p O = N = a H o 3 = O Q• O 1p 0 =p N m 0 y = C 3 •_ d 3 H � d c i d O O a CL 3 CL L �F V L O CL H _ s is +�+ u H d H o = O E a m 'L = N .0 10 c E s c E a �' Q' • v 'c d 'o i L L L E of +. m � a s Jurisdiction o L u +�. = o a c : a o c. an d O CL y d z CL Ul ii a Monroe County ✓ ✓ City of Key Colony Beach ✓ City of Key West ✓ ✓ ✓ City of Layton ✓ City of Marathon ✓ Village of Islamorada ✓ ✓ Each community's specific public education and outreach initiatives related to hazard mitigation are summarized below: — Monroe County: Hosts the County's multi jurisdictional CRS Program for Public Information and the associated Committee(all jurisdictions except for Layton participate in this PPI); StormReady certified; Emergency management preparedness website. — City of Key Colony Beach: Distributes flyers to the community with topics related to water preservation,hurricane preparedness and flood preparedness. C01.d1inw „a u. u� ocall WLugaLk°oiw Strategy Janually ..02 720 SECTION5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT — City of Key West: Outreach and education through booths,work/school visits,PSAs,and online videos on topics including,but not limited to, fire and hurricane safety,lightning,water conservation, energy conservation,and climate change; annual mailing to repetitive loss properties; Know before you buy brochures; Annual flood information mailing to lenders, insurance agents,and realtors. — Layton: Community mailouts on hazard related topics. — Marathon: Emergency Management website with preparedness guides. — Islamorada: Public education trailer for community and school outreach,especially around home fires; Outreach with FKAA around water conservation;Maintains a Community Emergency Response Team(CERT);Assist with MERC programs which incorporate storm readiness,home readiness,mitigation,and response. CAA ... This type of local capability refers to the mitigation strategies and actions that are developed by the communities in this plan. All communities in Monroe County pursue mitigation grant funding to implement property protection activities,including building elevations and acquisitions, as well as structural projects. The LMSWG coordinates regularly to review mitigation grant funding opportunities and prioritize projects for grant applications. In the past five years,Key West received an $11 million BRIC grant,funding a fire station and EOC, received funds from FDEP to develop a vulnerability assessment,and worked with the Florida Division of Historic Resources to complete an assessment and flood mitigation of historic properties. Islamorada has been working with USACE on the Florida Keys Costal Storm Risk Management Project which will address US-1 revetment on the Fill Keys,home elevations,and critical infrastructure floodproofing. LiDAR mapping is occurring throughout the county will support evaluation of potential elevation projects. One of the most difficult capabilities to evaluate involves the political will of a jurisdiction to enact meaningful policies and projects designed to reduce the impact of future hazard events. Hazard mitigation may not be a local priority,or it may conflict with or be seen as an impediment to other goals of the community, such as growth and economic development. Therefore,the local political climate must be considered in designing mitigation strategies,as it could be the most difficult hurdle to overcome in accomplishing their adoption and implementation. In completing the Local Capability Self-Assessment,HMPC representatives from each community were asked to rate political support as they perceive it and identify general examples of local political capability, such as guiding development away from identified hazard areas,restricting public investments or capital improvements within hazard areas, or enforcing local development standards that go beyond minimum state or federal requirements(e.g.,building codes,floodplain management,etc.). Table 5.6 below summarizes the different government structures in the jurisdictions as well as whether or not the governing bodies are supportive of mitigation efforts. C01.d1inw „a u. u� ocall WLugaLk°oiw Strategy Janually ..026 wag ..i!!I'II 721 SECTIONS: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT "III'"'aIIbllW A 3uii1sd1ct1cmi11Wlllt„iovoul°uuliuu°lu eiiiiii,t Structuireauuiid IIII'olllliltliu lull„ IllHiiu°lin t Political Climate Supportive of Jurisdiction Government Structure Mitigation Efforts? Monroe County 5-member Board of County Commissioners Yes,supportive via resolution City of Key Colony Beach 5-member City Commission led by Mayor Yes. City Commission of 7(6 district Local political climate is very City of Key West representatives,1 Mayor) supportive of mitigation efforts. City of Layton 5 member elected City Council and 1 Mitigation is supported by elected Mayor Mayor,Council,and staff. 5-member City Council (3 council members, City of Marathon Yes. 1 vice mayor,1 mayor) Islamorada Village of Islamorada operates under a council- Mayor and Village Council are Islands manager form of government;5-member very supportive of mitigation Village Council (including Mayor) efforts in Islamorada. I III f I III III I As previously discussed,one of the reasons for conducting a capability assessment is to examine local capabilities to detect any existing gaps or weaknesses within ongoing government activities that could hinder proposed mitigation activities and possibly exacerbate community hazard vulnerability. These gaps,which indicate opportunities for improvement,have been identified for each jurisdiction in the tables found throughout this section. The participating jurisdictions used the capability assessment as part of the basis for the mitigation actions that are identified in Section 7;therefore,each jurisdiction addresses their ability to expand on and improve their existing capabilities through the identification of their mitigation actions. Each jurisdiction is unique in its planning,regulatory,fiscal,political, and outreach capabilities; additional details on jurisdictional capability,including existing mitigation in comprehensive planning efforts,and other details of local planning can be found in the Planning Area Profile. C01.d1inw „a u. u� ocall WLugaLk°oiw Strategy Janually ..026 722 SECTION 6: MITIGATION STRATEGY uIV Requirement §201.6(c)(3): [The plan shall include] a mitigation strategy that provides the jurisdiction's blueprint for reducing the potential losses identified in the risk assessment, based on existing authorities, policies,programs and resources,and its ability to expand on and improve these existing tools. This section describes the process for developing the mitigation strategy for the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy. It describes how the Region met the requirements for Planning Step 6(Set Goals), Planning Step 7(Review Possible Activities),and Planning Step 8 (Draft an Action Plan). This section includes the following sub-sections: — 6.1 Goals and Objectives — 6.2 Identification&Analysis of Mitigation Activities ( III III I„ III Requirement§201.6(c)(3)(i):[The mitigation strategy section shall include a]description of mitigation goals to reduce or avoid long-term vulnerabilities to the identified hazards. Goal setting builds upon the findings of Section 4,which documents the hazards and associated risks that threaten Monroe County,including the vulnerability of structures, infrastructure,and critical facilities. Section 5 evaluates each jurisdiction's capacity to reduce the impact of hazards. The intent of Goal Setting is to identify areas where improvements to existing capabilities and reductions in existing vulnerabilities can be made so that overall risk is reduced. Goals also guide the review of possible mitigation measures. This plan needs to make sure that recommended actions are consistent with what is appropriate for the County and the incorporated municipalities.Mitigation goals need to reflect community priorities and should be consistent with other local plans. — Goals are general guidelines that explain what is to be achieved. They are usually broad-based policy type statements,long term and represent global visions. Goals help define the benefits that the plan is trying to achieve. — Objectives are short term aims that,when combined,form a strategy or course of action to meet a goal. Unlike goals,objectives are specific and measurable. The goals of this plan need to be consistent with and complement the goals of other local planning efforts. The primary planning documents that the goals of this plan should complement and be consistent with are the County and participating jurisdictions' comprehensive plans. Comprehensive plans are important because they are developed and designed to guide future growth within their communities so they encompass long-term strategies and can be critical to reducing long term vulnerabilities. Keeping the Local Mitigation Strategy and Comprehensive Plans consistent ensures that land development is done with awareness and understanding of hazard risk and that mitigation projects complement rather than contradict community development objectives. Another local resource that was reviewed for coordination was the Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact Regional Climate Action Plan 3.0; Monroe County and all incorporated jurisdictions are part of the compact and the associated climate action plan. 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',w, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ 723 SECTION& MITIGATION STRATEGY The Action Plan recommendations are broad and applicable across the region and throughout Monroe County. At the third planning meeting,held on June 5,2025,the LMSWG reviewed and discussed the goals and objectives from the 2020 Monroe County LMS. The planning team provided recommendations for minor revisions to the goals and objectives,which the LMSWG discussed and approved.Revisions included minor changes to wording,reorganization of several objectives within the goals, The revised goals and objectives of this plan update are detailed below in Section 6.1.3. Goal 1-Protect and maintain the life,health,safety,and welfare of the community. Objective 1.1: Provide public education and outreach to inform residents and visitors how to protect themselves and their property. Objective 1.2: Improve preparedness,response, and recovery capabilities to minimize hazard impacts. Objective 1.3: Reduce losses from business interruption and support long term business viability. Goal 2-Protect and preserve property and assets,including the built environment and natural resources. Objective 2.1: Retrofit or otherwise protect community infrastructure systems,including critical facilities,utilities,water, sewer, communications, and transportation. Objective 2.2: Use planning and regulatory tools to protect future development and prevent hazard risks from worsening. Objective 2.3: Preserve and protect natural areas and resources that provide hazard risk reduction and other beneficial functions. Objective 2.4: Pursue property protection and structural projects to reduce vulnerability of existing development. Goal 3-Build local capacity to enhance resiliency and enable communities to quickly recover from hazard impacts. Objective 3.1: Explore,develop,and implement new pre-disaster opportunities that build community resilience. Objective 3.2: Ensure continuity and redundancy of critical local government operations and systems. Objective 3.3: Strengthen regional connections and continue to foster inter jurisdictional coordination for risk reduction efforts. 0IIIII"0e C01,01l"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 724 SECTION 6: MITIGATION STRATEGY ( ' IIII IIII IIII IIII III IIII III IIII IIII IIII IIII NNAI,,,,,YSS I III IIII III IIII AC I III IIII IIII III Requirement §201.6(c)(3)(ii): [The mitigation strategy section shall include a] section that identifies and analyzes a comprehensive range of specific mitigation actions and projects being considered to reduce the effects of each hazard,with particular emphasis on new and existing buildings and infrastructure. All plans approved by FEMA after October 1, 2008, must also address the jurisdiction's participation in the NFIP, and continued compliance with NFIP requirements,as appropriate. To identify and select mitigation projects that support the mitigation goals and objectives,the risks and vulnerabilities associated with all hazards identified and evaluated in Section 4 Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment were evaluated for mitigation opportunities. The LMSWG analyzed viable mitigation options that supported the identified goals and objectives,addressed key problems,risks,or vulnerabilities, and aligned with other local plans and efforts. The LMSWG was provided with the following list of mitigation categories which are utilized as part of the CRS planning process but are also applicable to multi-hazard mitigation: — Prevention — Emergency Services — Property Protection — Structural Projects — Natural Resource Protection — Public Education The LMSWG was also provided with examples of potential mitigation actions for each of the above categories. The LMSWG was instructed to consider both future and existing buildings in evaluating possible mitigation actions.Facilitated discussions took place to examine and analyze the options. The LMSWG also considered which actions from the previous plan and subsequent annual updates that were not already completed should be continued in this action plan.A more detailed review of possible actions within each mitigation category that were reviewed by the LMSWG is provided in Appendix C. Actions that were completed or deleted are detailed in Section 2.9. Monroe County employs a three-step mitigation action prioritization process. Step One,defined in this section,is to identify a full range of possible mitigation activities and create a preliminary list of actions to pursue. Steps Two and Three are detailed in Appendix D. In the process of identifying continuing and new mitigation actions,the LMSWG was provided with a set of prioritization criteria to assist in deciding why one recommended action might be more important,more effective, or more likely to be implemented than another. LMSWG members were asked to rate each action with an approach modified from the FEMA STAPLEE criteria and then evaluate the general efficacy of each action. The LMSWG was first asked to give each action a positive(1 point),neutral(0 points),or negative(4 point)rating for each of the STAPLEE elements: — Socially Acceptable: Is the action acceptable to the community?Does it have a greater impact on a certain segment of the population?Are the benefits fair? — Technically Feasible: Is the action technically feasibly? Is it a long-term solution to the problem? Does it capitalize on existing planning mechanisms for implementation? — Administrative Resources: Are there adequate staffing, funding and other capabilities to implement the project?Is there adequate additional capability to ensure ongoing maintenance? 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 725 SECTION& MITIGATION STRATEGY — Politically Supported: Will there be adequate political and public support for the project?Does the project have a local champion to support implementation? — Legally Allowable: Does the community have the legal authority to implement the action? — Economically Sound: Can the action be funded locally?Will the action need to be funded by an outside entity, and has that funding been secured? How much will the project cost? Can the benefits be quantified,and do they outweigh the costs? — Environmentally Sound: Does the action comply with environmental regulations? Does the action meet the community's environmental goals?Does the action impact land,water, endangered species, or other natural assets? Each action could receive a STAPLEE score between 7 and-7; however,no action was considered further if it scored less than 0 points. Next,the LMSWG was asked to consider each action's potential efficacy by answering the following questions with unlikely(0 points),maybe(1 point),probably(2 points), or definitely(3 points): — Will the action result in lives saved? — Will the action reduce property damages? — Will the action reduce the need for response actions? — Will the benefits exceed the cost? Each action could receive an additional effectiveness score of 0 to 12. Using these prioritization criteria,the LMSWG was able to score each action on a scale of 0 to 19. The prioritization ranking, simplified as High, Medium, or Low,for each mitigation action considered by the LMSWG is provided in the Mitigation Action Plan below. These priority rankings are defined as follows: — High: 14 to 19 points — Medium: 7 to 13 points — Low: 0 to 6 points In accordance with the DMA requirements,an emphasis was placed on the importance of a benefit-cost analysis in determining action priority,as reflected in the prioritization criteria above.For each action,the LMSWG considered the benefit-cost analysis in terms of: — Ability of the action to address the problem — Contribution of the action to save life or property — Available technical and administrative resources for implementation — Availability of funding and perceived cost-effectiveness The consideration of these criteria helped to prioritize and refine mitigation actions but did not constitute a full benefit-cost analysis.The cost-effectiveness of any mitigation alternative will be considered in greater detail through performing benefit-cost project analyses when seeking FEMA mitigation grant funding for eligible actions associated with this plan. 6.m N 1„ III In keeping with FEMA requirements for plan updates,the LMSWG evaluated mitigation actions identified in the previous plan to determine their current implementation status,including if an action was completed or,if not,whether it should be carried forward for future implementation or deleted from the 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 726 SECTION& MITIGATION STRATEGY mitigation action plan. 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Prioritization shall include a special emphasis on the extent to which benefits are maximized according to a cost benefit review of the proposed projects and their associated costs. This section provides the updated mitigation action plan,which was developed to reduce the risk and vulnerability of people,property,infrastructure, and natural and cultural resources to future disaster losses. Emphasis was placed on both future and existing development. Each mitigation action recommended for implementation is listed in these tables along with detail on the applicable jurisdictions,hazards addressed,the goal and objective addressed,the priority rating,the lead agency responsible for implementation,potential funding sources for the action,a projected implementation timeline(noted as the projected timeframe for completion),and the 2025 status and comments on this status for actions that were carried forward from the 2020 plan. coLdll,wy,a u. u� I ^�:�26 w�flIsIILiL.;nl.duir,wilM�LiIM�r.wI�I 14..NI�'�,KKI�u Iw�flilLil„;I�LuM�u„I G•Ibl�u„I nl�r.wl.dl�u,y 736 t f R v /CD� A c g u Qm \ k : ) E � o ƒ : CL uo / w § % a k t L a Z : � a a o B Q a 2 2 § k � � M ƒ § � k \ o k \ ° 0 / 7 0@ W c0 0 0 E — o@ 2 % f § f § _ a © ° — C w � 2 ` t u a I ` t / t J 2 # CL o � 2 £ w u u M W M M 41 � W 3 m > E £ - - o W � u = t 2 CD = I w u u m a � Q a @ \ f E a) E E Z, -- 2 — E@ � CL W ® E ' � @ Q 2 R 2 2 E § ® 2 \ ■ — � « a o � $ 2 — U = : E ° a — u $ u W = E M ® D 2 2 0 E E 0 M $ E@ { f \ (n 3 § 3 f § S % @ § b o tn - o Q U E © t m E 12 k = 6 . 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( « U § U 2 w 2 M (n k k0 41 kt _ s / u k k / k E \ k 1 % _ © 0 \ � k 2 2 f E aCL 2 I D D E ■ # 2 k C § / E o U % E � ' 0 CD o , 41 u � CD � 0) CD 5 7 7 / 2 ^ R L w R � e R z § § c 0 z � E E 2 2 2 M 2 2 c 2 § E E E � k ■ — — — 0 0 ■ § co m 2 $ § § k ■ ƒtCz k R § E 0 0 u � o d u u c { v C C 2 o o o _o @ E « E « E / / \ / \ / k � o IV 0 U W / - U E % _ u v u v : j ] 8 { W � . § w $ a 2 J a w $ a w � I I I a a 0 1 ^ 2 2 $ § � � V 2 U k 2 3 ` k _ k 0 ® _ s k / u k k2 A \ CL CD j \ _0 ix / m � 41 2 CD o E ƒ § E § � / _� 0 ' E \ � \ z \ § § U W § E 2 a C 7 u E � LL V 3 m a m u z § § c © m m m 0 ■ 2 2 2 E E E ■ - - - 0 § � � § J q ■ � � � SECTIONS: PLAN MAINTENANCE Requirement§201.6(c)(4):[The plan maintenance process shall include a]section describing the method and schedule of monitoring,evaluating,and updating the mitigation plan within a five-year cycle. Implementation and maintenance of the plan is critical to the overall success of hazard mitigation planning. This section discusses how the Mitigation Action Plan will be implemented by participating jurisdictions and outlines the method and schedule for monitoring,updating, and evaluating the plan. This section also discusses incorporating the plan into existing planning mechanisms and how the public will continue to be involved in the planning process. It consists of the following three subsections: 8.1 Distribution 8.2 Implementation 8.3 Monitoring,Evaluation,and Enhancement 8.4 Continued Public Involvement III I°°° III k�11 1 11 1 III N Upon adoption of the 2025 Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy Update,the plan in its entirety will be posted on the Monroe County Emergency Management Department's website.Notice of its availability will be distributed to relevant Federal and State agencies,as well as local elected officials. The plan will be maintained on the Monroe County Emergency Management Department's website for public access throughout its duration. .2�, M I III IN I III N Each jurisdiction participating in this plan update is responsible for implementing specific mitigation actions as prescribed in the Mitigation Action Plan(found in Section 7). In the Mitigation Action Plan, every proposed action is assigned to a specific local department or agency to ensure responsibility and accountability and increase the likelihood of subsequent implementation. Jurisdiction may update the actions applicable to their jurisdiction as needed without altering the broader focus of the LMS. In addition to the assignment of a local lead department or agency,an implementation timeline or a specific implementation date or window has been assigned to each mitigation action to help assess whether reasonable progress is being made toward implementation. The participating jurisdictions will seek outside funding sources to implement mitigation projects in both the pre-disaster and post-disaster environments.When applicable,potential funding sources have been identified for proposed actions listed in the Mitigation Action Plan. An important implementation mechanism that is highly effective and low-cost is integration of the Local Mitigation Strategy recommendations and their underlying principles into other plans and mechanisms. Where possible,plan participants will use existing plans and/or programs to implement the Mitigation Action Plan. LMSWG group members may consider integrating the findings,recommendations,and actions presented in the LMS into the following plans and ordinances,among others: — Comprehensive Plans; — Subdivision Ordinances; — Zoning Ordinances&Land Use Plans; — Building Codes; couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily 759 SECTION 8: PLAN MAINTENANCE — Emergency Operations Plans; — Climate Change/Sea Level Rise Plans; — Capital Improvements Plans; — Small Area Plans; and — Repetitive Loss Plans; — Transportation Plans. Monroe County and its jurisdictions acknowledge the risk and the associated effects of hazards such as high winds,tropical cyclones and storm surge,flooding, and sea level rise.As such,data regarding risk assessments and options to mitigate such risk are incorporated into existing community planning mechanisms,which are detailed in each community's individual annexes. Moving forward,it will be the responsibility of the LMSWG representatives from each participating jurisdiction to continue to determine and pursue opportunities for integrating the findings,requirements, and strategies of this plan with other local planning documents. The LMSWG is also responsible for ensuring that the goals and strategies of new and updated local planning documents for their jurisdictions or agencies are consistent with the goals and actions of the Local Mitigation Strategy and will not contribute to increased hazard vulnerability in the planning area. Methods for integration may include: — Monitoring other planning/program agendas; — Attending other planning/program meetings; — Participating in other planning processes; and — Monitoring community budget meetings for other community program opportunities. Many identified mitigation initiatives are capital projects,the implementation of which is usually dependent upon the availability of funding.When such initiatives are prioritized, and funding is sought, each jurisdiction will comply with its existing rules regarding inclusion of projects in its Capital Improvement Plan or other budget and planning processes and documents. Opportunities to integrate the requirements of this plan into other local planning mechanisms shall continue to be identified through future meetings of the LMSWG and through the five-year review process described herein.Although it is recognized that there are many possible benefits to integrating components of this plan into other local planning mechanisms,the development and maintenance of this stand-alone Local Mitigation Strategy is deemed by the LMSWG to be the most effective and appropriate method to implement local hazard mitigation actions at this time. &3 MQNIII I Il III IN Ilf Ill I I III IN w A I Illk IIII�1114 IIII� Illk III III IIII� MAC 7 ENANCE With adoption of this plan,each jurisdiction will be responsible for the implementation and maintenance of their mitigation actions. The LMS Coordinator from Monroe County Emergency Management will take the lead in all plan monitoring and update procedures.As such,each jurisdiction agrees to continue their relationship with the LMSWG and: — Act as a forum for hazard mitigation issues; — Disseminate hazard mitigation ideas and activities to all participants; — Pursue the implementation of high-priority,low/no-cost recommended actions; — Ensure hazard mitigation remains a consideration for community decision makers; couir,wy,a u. u� IAi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy attage 7i!,(ill 760 SECTION 8: PLAN MAINTENANCE — Maintain a vigilant monitoring of multi-objective cost-share opportunities to help the community implement the plan's recommended actions for which no current funding exists; — Monitor and assist in implementation and update of this plan; — Report on plan progress and recommended revisions to the local governing boards; and — Inform and solicit input from the public. The LMSWG's primary duty moving forward is to see the plan successfully carried out and report to the local governing boards,FDEM,FEMA,and the public on the status of plan implementation and mitigation opportunities. Other duties include reviewing and promoting mitigation proposals,considering stakeholder concerns about mitigation,passing concerns on to appropriate entities,and providing relevant information for posting on community websites(and others as appropriate). Simultaneous to these efforts,it will be important to maintain a constant monitoring of funding opportunities that can be leveraged to implement some of the costlier recommended actions. This will include creating and maintaining a bank of ideas on how to meet local match or participation requirements. When funding does become available,the County will be positioned to capitalize on the opportunity. Funding opportunities to be monitored include special pre-and post-disaster funds, state and federal earmarked funds,benefit assessments,and other grant programs,including those that can serve or support multi-objective applications. Plan maintenance implies an ongoing effort to monitor and evaluate plan implementation and to update the plan as progress,roadblocks,or changing circumstances are recognized. The LMS Coordinator will be responsible for convening the LMSWG and initiating regular reviews.Regular maintenance will take place through quarterly conference calls and an annual meeting of the LMSWG. The LMSWG will also convene to review the plan after significant hazard events. The criteria recommended in 44 CFR 201 and 206 will be utilized in reviewing and updating the plan. 8-3.3 MAC 7"'ENANCEE" AI..,I/A"7/0N PROCESS, Evaluation of progress can be achieved by monitoring changes in vulnerabilities identified in the plan. Changes in vulnerability can be identified by noting: — Decreased vulnerability as a result of implementing recommended actions; — Increased vulnerability as a result of failed or ineffective mitigation actions; and/or — Increased vulnerability as a result of new development(and/or annexation). Updates to this plan will: — Consider changes in vulnerability due to project implementation; — Document success stories where mitigation efforts have proven effective; — Document areas where mitigation actions were not effective; — Document any new hazards that may arise or were previously overlooked; — Incorporate new data or studies on hazards and risks; — Incorporate new capabilities or changes in capabilities; — Incorporate growth and development-related changes to asset inventories; and — Incorporate new project recommendations or changes in project prioritization. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wiy :race w 761 SECTION 8: PLAN MAINTENANCE To ensure effectiveness in meeting the goals set forth in this plan,the LMS working group will convene quarterly via conference call.More specifically,quarterly reviews will monitor changes to the following information: — Community growth or change in the past quarter along with updates to community plans. — The implementation status of the mitigation strategy and individual mitigation action items,including noting completed items or progress made toward completion,amended items,and deleted items due to changed priorities or otherwise. — The number of substantially damaged or substantially improved structures by flood zone. — The renovations and mitigation activities to public infrastructure including water, sewer,drainage, roads,bridges,gas lines, and buildings. — The number of building and assets protected or mitigation. — Natural hazard occurrences that required activation of any Emergency Operations Center(EOC)in the County and whether the event resulted in a presidential disaster declaration. — Natural hazard occurrences that were not of a magnitude to warrant activation of the EOC or a federal disaster declaration but were severe enough to cause damage in the community or closure of businesses, schools,or public services. — The dates of hazard events descriptions. — Documented damages due to the event; include details on closure of places of employment or schools and the number of days closed,road or bridge closures due to the hazard event and length of time closed, and an assessment of the number of private and public buildings damaged and whether the damage was minor, substantial,major,or if buildings were destroyed. The assessment will include residences,mobile homes,commercial structures,industrial structures,and public buildings, such as schools and public safety buildings. Per Florida Administrative Code Chapter 27P-22, and to ensure the LMS is current and continues to serve the interest of residents and visitors,the LMSWG will perform annual evaluations. By the end of September of each year,the LMS Coordinator will notify LMSWG members of the need to identify and compile revisions brought up through quarterly reviews. Working group members will submit any proposed revisions to Emergency Management to be discussed at the annual LMSWG meeting.Minor revisions may be handled by addenda while significant revisions will be submitted to FDEM. The LMS Coordinator will compile the proposed revisions and submit them to the Department of Community Affairs and FDEM by the last working day of January. Revisions may be warranted due to: — Hazard events that have occurred prompting a change in the characterization of risk and vulnerability or warrant the consideration of additional initiatives; — Significant changes, such as addition or deletion,to the critical facilities lists; — Changes to the NFIP's list of Repetitive Loss Properties; — Changes in develop that result in changes to the characterization of people and property that are at risk; — Changes to the list of mitigation initiatives including the addition of new initiatives, or the deletion or completion of existing initiatives; — Changes in department organization,regulations, comprehensive plans,and the like; and — Changes necessary to comply with State and Federal program requirements. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily wage 762 SECTION 8: PLAN MAINTENANCE In the event of a major hazard event such as a hurricane or tropical storm,the LMSWG will convene after the event to discuss its impacts and initiate a discussion on how the LMSWG can influence mitigation in the recovery process. Whether shortly after an event or in response to receiving notice from FDEM that mitigation funds are available,the LMSWG will consider which project and initiatives will be prioritized. The LMS Coordinator will be responsible for reconvening the LMSWG for the Five-Year plan update. In part,this revision will be to incorporate the material collected for the annual updates in the four years prior. The five-year update will be submitted to FDEM and FEMA Region 4. With this plan update anticipated to be completed by January 2026,the next plan update for Monroe County will be completed by January 2031. .4 IIIIN I IIII IIIIN Continued public involvement is imperative to the overall success of the plan's implementation. The quarterly review process will provide an opportunity to solicit participation from new and existing stakeholders and to publicize success stories from the plan implementation and seek additional public comment. Efforts to involve the public in the maintenance, evaluation and revision process may include: — Advertising LMSWG meetings in the local newspaper,public bulletin boards and/or local government office buildings; — Designating willing citizens and private sector representatives as official members of the LMSWG; — Utilizing local media to update the public of any maintenance and/or review activities; — Utilizing local government websites to advertise any maintenance and/or review activities; — Maintaining copies of the plan in public libraries or other appropriate venues; — Posting annual progress reports on the Plan to local government websites; — Heavy publicity of the plan and potential ways for the public to be involved after significant hazard events,tailored to the event that has just happened; — Keeping websites, social media outlets, etc.updated; — Drafting articles for the local community newspapers/newsletters; — Utilizing social media accounts(e.g. Twitter,Facebook). B. "7 CBI /C W "�l, E" E. 7... "FOR FT ' "� /PDA"7 When the LMSWG reconvenes for the five-year update,they will coordinate with all stakeholders participating in the planning process—including those that joined the committee since the planning process began—to update and revise the plan. In reconvening,the LMSWG will be responsible for coordinating the activities necessary to involve the greater public,including disseminating information through a variety of media channels detailing the plan update process. As part of this effort,public meetings will be held and public comments will be solicited on the plan update draft. couir,wy,a u. u� IMi.sllLii..ni.du u..wiicLiioiwaI I ocaII IIuLu„;aLuou i Strategy Jani,wily wag 763 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION omll ouVl Requirement §201.6(c)(5): [The plan shall include] documentation that the plan has been formally approved by the governing body of the jurisdiction requesting approval of the plan (e.g., City Council, County Commissioner,Tribal Council). The purpose of formally adopting this plan is to secure buy-in,raise awareness of the plan,and formalize the plan's implementation.The adoption of this plan completes Planning Step 9(Adopt the Plan)of the 10-step planning process, in accordance with the requirements of DMA 2000.FDEM Approval Letters and community adoption resolutions are provided on the following pages. 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',w, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ 764 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION Placeholder for resolutions M011,1110e colarty,11::11 wsjj:� Muld Juidsdcdonal I ocall Wdgadori Strategy janually��1026 13age 765 ANNEX A:MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS CO v uuumU�ll IlvUuuvUllVl uuuuuuuuuu uuuum uuuum Iluuuuuwlllll III S III III Unincorporated Monroe County and the LMS Working Group provided a local inventory of critical facilities and community lifelines,which are a priority for mitigation planning and emergency management. Lifelines are the most fundamental services in the community that,when stabilized, enable all other aspects of society to function. Table A.1 provides a count of critical facilities by FEMA lifeline category in unincorporated Monroe County. Figure A-1 through Figure A-7 show the locations of all critical facilities in unincorporated Monroe County. Table A.2 provides a detailed inventory of the critical facilities in unincorporated Monroe County, indicating each facility's FEMA lifeline category,flood zone, 1%annual chance flood depth, sea level rise, storm surge, and wildfire.More information on hazard vulnerability is provided in the hazard profiles. alllh Mlle ,1"""'(:ii iltliocallll IIII aclilllllilrtlioe�s,yiiiiii ouuilcauu"IIII'o'uumate'd III a'uuiluu^ae t„o'uuuirty Facility Type Count of Facility Type Structure Value Communications 28 $13,095,053 Energy 17 $24,548,908 Food, Hydration,Shelter 14 $92,084,662 Hazardous Materials 2 $238,623 Health and Medical 10 $31,432,297 Safety and Security 35 $26,926,484 Transportation 2 $83,627 Water Systems 190 $73,861,022 Total 298 $262,265394 Source:LMS Working Group,GIS Analysis moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„14111111.. 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U , U � U , � k� k k�IM E z � k373 , , k3 E *1 to / / / / /c toGqqG V) to § c � / ^ f% 2 z z , , /\ \� § „ N 7 LU LU LU LU LU E « « « « « mCL o � to to q § ■ « § § g ■ ) k G ■ > K � 2 ~ D e ƒ§ )LLI ] a) § L a) § « ® § » § 0 NLL k a to 0 U O § § ] J g x S Q « V) C14utotow z z E \ zCL O a) S S S S LU LL 3 ) ) ) w \ ■ z c 2 \ \\ w "mCaa) / & & & & \ 5 a) a) a) a \ \ L 2 3 3 3 3 \\ ANNEX A:MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS A.� Illf IIII IIIIASSIIII''''''''''' III IIII IIIIN I This section contains a summary of the unincorporated Monroe County's asset inventory as well as hazard profile and vulnerability assessment for those hazards that are spatially defined and have variations in risk that could be evaluated quantitatively on a jurisdictional level. The hazards included in this section are: Flood, Sea Level Rise, Storm Surge,and Wildfire. Table A.3 details the acreage of unincorporated Monroe County's total area by flood zone on the effective DFIRM; it also shows a comparison to the preliminary DFIRM released in December 2019. Approximately 94.5 percent of the unincorporated areas of Monroe County falls within the mapped 1%- annual-chance floodplains.Data in this risk assessment is based off FEMA's 2005 DFIRM. Table A.4reflects the effective mapped flood hazard zones for unincorporated Monroe County while Table A.5 displays the 2019 preliminary map. alllhbllle P1''III llla'u'd' P6iie Acivage Ii iii dIIII IIIIIIIII icaIIII"IIII'e'uu^ate'd III a'uuiluu^ne 1„nuiiity Effective DFIRM(2005) Preliminary DFIRM(2019) Change from Percent of Percent of Effective Flood Zone Acreage Total(%) Acreage Total(%) (acres) A 0 0% 44,683.8 5.2% 44,683.8 AE 618,571.9 71.7 555,564.9 64.4% -63,007.0 VE 196,128.0 22.7% 214,501.5 24.9% 18,373.5 AO 1.1 0.0% 0.0 0.0% -1.1 0.2%Annual Chance Flood 774.0 0.1% 1,628.8 0.2% 854.8 Hazard Unshaded X 1,220.6 0.1% 601.4 0.1% -619.2 Open Water 45,809.2 5.3% 45,524.3 5.3% -284.9 Total 862,504.7 100.0% 862,504.7 100.0% 0.0 SFHA Total 814,700.9 94.5% 814,750.2 94.5% 49.3 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM Note:The differences between the effective FIRM and the preliminary FIRM are significant will likely still change.These details are provided here only as a comparison-all further flood analysis is based in the 2005 Effective DFIRM. Table AA and Table A.5 provide building counts and estimated damages by occupancy type for the 1% annual chance flood event using both the effective and preliminary DFIRM. Figure A-10 and Figure A-I I display the effective and preliminary depth of flooding estimated to occur in these areas during the 1%- annual-chance flood. II alllh Mlle d' II stIiIIIII°iiiate'd IIIIII'tulioll41iii IIII°)auu°,ul lage auuild 1„uuuiteuuit Ill aee,"11° nIIIIiluallll t„:III^mIIIlilee IIII!!!Iu'ad IIIIIIIIII'r11ee Iivae III.°tllll''llll tlll , duuiiiiiiiieu'uu"IIII' uuumate'd III a'uuiluu^a'e(:ouuuirt'y Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Agriculture 1 $535,470 $1,175 $18,807 $19,982 4% le. d Juidsdcdoi,4 I ocall fiL„aLoI I Strategy n�IWN�II"y ..02 788 ANNEX A:MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Commercial 1,160 $1,313,331,737 $44,513,622 $146,451,674 $190,965,295 15% Educational 27 $39,850,538 $413,223 $2,603,402 $3,016,625 8% Government 436 $284,673,249 $3,355,559 $20,533,335 $23,888,894 8% Industrial 222 $235,984,688 $2,193,865 $6,446,122 $8,639,987 4% Religious 34 $44,024,638 $253,922 $1,953,365 $2,207,288 5% Residential 22,515 $15,775,468,097 $3,439,333,831 $1,712,017,578 $5,151,351,409 33% Total 24,395 $17,693,868,417 $3,490,065,197 $1,890,024,283 $5,380,089,481 30% Source:HAZUS,FEMA Effective DFIRM MlleI a U Iiic fii Juli °ed II I41iiig ��)a IIII°,uli age aiiiiid 1:ciiii,eiii ass,111° nIIIIiIe I 1":IIIIiI uuiIce II'bcd IIII'IIII^cllllilllllll°Ill illlllll�l IIII 11111'IIIII IIII a Uuu iiiiiuiceuu"IIII' ouu^abed III ouuiluu^ee(ou uu1lr y Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Agriculture 1 $535,470 $17,044 $58,053 $75,097 14% Commercial 1,124 $1,305,064,074 $30,743,787 $100,840,335 $131,584,121 10% Educational 24 $26,497,162 $463,343 $2,861,760 $3,325,103 13% Government 448 $233,066,629 $3,444,682 $21,202,524 $24,647,206 11% Industrial 221 $233,264,423 $2,216,574 $6,506,721 $8,723,295 4% Religious 31 $36,879,592 $374,490 $2,819,096 $3,193,586 9% Residential 21,866 $15,099,042,001 $2,836,303,403 $1,410,100,446 $4,246,403,849 28% Total 23,715 $16,934,349,351 $2,873,563,322 $1,544,388,935 $4,417,952,257 26% Source:HAZUS,FEMA Preliminary DFIRM Table A.6 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by flood zone in unincorporated Mecklenburg County. alllh Mlle S""""1"„ uu^lio liocWl III'acliol lily lines IIII'Illllellll' osed o IIII'Ibodfiiiy,UiiiiiiuuiIceuu"III' ouuma ed III ouuiluu^oe 1„ecuui y Flood Zone Critical Facility Count Structure Value Zone AE 267 $223,949,644.01 Zone VE 10 $6,192,282.23 Zone X(500-year) 13 $27,296,751.00 Zone X Unshaded 8 $4,826,516.97 Total 298 $262,265,194.21 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM,LMS Working Group coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" Kidd Juidw "LoI4 I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�IWN�II"y ..02 789 O ti 1 sua t Ha r I w I'l nnVk R fIr W fiiml `�� Ji il,lu„;mmui NS.rµ �II tl4 Z III rt .�,y,.hta y�".� � •��� �"N CC W Q Z 0 z_V LL kl aLh 7 W W Z Z W III wry" Q k�l, .15� ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... . ......... ti 01 all 0 rr LLI 01 V 10 I ..........AN fill, it c�q LL LLI z log 0 3 x LL LU Lh LU !!3 a u 04 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 0 V ti IIN • III all, IL lull Cr 51 .111mll "I I!1 9 LLI 0 2 0 211 m CIS u '111�6 .......... ➢ LL LLI 0 III IIL.. LU LL era LU :1 di z 2 M ti In w aaN !*„�awro -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ry �p 1 � a v i ll ul m Cr fill, 0 LU all, I � •4 w., �v p al 0 � qH a III�III� I � �ml z � O LL k'l, W w 5 Lh Illli N LL k3 W di a I�IG ANNEX A:MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS II" III........." .... Monroe County joined the NFIP emergency program in 1970 and has been a regular participant in the NFIP since June 1973. Monroe County participates in the Community Rating System and is currently a Class 3 community. The following tables reflect NFIP policy and claims data for the County categorized by structure type,flood zone,Pre-FIRM and Post-FIRM. aIIlhWllllc '7 ley auuWld 1„ IIII;afii,,iins IIII"ta'ta IIIhWy d'tructuirp""III"" IIII' e Number of Total Insurance in Number ofTotal of Closed Structure Type Closed Paid Policies in Force Premium Force Paid Losses Losses Single Family 7,486 $10,820,199 $2,077,201,000 14,377 $222,765,317.49 2-4 Family 730 $866,260 $177,589,000 722 $13,777,814.43 All Other 2,079 $1,478,615 $466,375,000 332 $8,357,211.29 Residential Non-Residential 542 $2,328,780 $225,461,000 1,483 $44,787,653.69 Total 10,837 $15,493,854 $2,946,626,000 16,914 $289,687,996.90 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 II aIIlhWllllc A 'I W!!!Il W IIII'WadllHcy auI"Wd f„ IIIhsIiIIIIII°'ulWs IIII"ta't'a IIIhWy IIII!!!Illood' Paiiie Number of Number of Total Insurance in Total of Closed Flood Zone Policies in Closed Paid Force Premium Force Paid Losses Losses A01-30&AE 10,057 $13,365,093 $2,729,764,000 14,232 $251,120,371.82 Zones A Zones 9 $9,952 $2,392,000 72 $1,602,022.13 V01-30&VE 368 $1,622,434 $92,356,000 2,358 $34,148,318.68 Zones V Zones 0 $0 $0 32 $309,611.81 D Zones 2 $7,273 $585,000 69 $1,504,732.83 B,C&X Zone Standard 401 $489,102 $121,529,000 79 $411,902.57 Preferred 0 $0 $0 39 $501,600.51 Total 10,837 $15,493,854 $2,946,626,000 16,881 $289,598,560.35 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 aIIlhWllllc A""""III'I1tllll III IW IIIIWrm'IIIIIillcyaliiWd f„ IIIIaIiIIIIII°wins IIII'ta't'a IIII''WIIIIms""'llll IIIIIIIt'Illd Number of Total Insurance in Number of Total of Closed Flood Zone Policies in Closed Paid Premium Force Paid Losses Force Losses A01-30&AE Zones 2,939 $6,279,259 $668,859,000 7,765 $213,443,257.70 A Zones 0 $0 $0 56 $886,925.88 V01-30&VE Zones 134 $553,909 $28,626,000 1,600 $31,126,867.27 V Zones 0 $0 $0 31 $309,611.81 D Zones 1 $4,348 $335,000 46 $866,611.05 B,C& X Zone 220 $213,035 $58,771,000 74 $612,124.23 Standard 220 $213,035 $58,771,000 54 $289,981.40 M011"III°0 � y ..02 I"+°fll.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IW� I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ age 7Pr'9I2' 794 ANNEX A:MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS Number of Total Insurance in Number of Total of Closed Flood Zone Policies in Closed Paid Premium Force Paid Losses Force Losses Preferred 0 $0 $0 20 $322,142.83 Total 3,294 $7,050,551 1 $756,591,000 9,572 $247,245,397.94 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 aIIlhWlllla ,10°°°°III°tllll''lll W IIII'WadllHcyaul°Wd 1„ IIIhaIiIIIIII°'Iuia IIII""1a't'a IIII'rm�t°°'llll''llll 1'lll Number Number of Total Insurance in Total of Closed Flood Zone of Policies Closed Paid Premium Force Paid Losses in Force Losses A01-30&AE 7,118 $7,085,834 $2,060,905,000 6,467 $37,677,114.12 Zones A Zones 9 $9,952 $2,392,000 16 $715,096.25 V01-30&VE 234 $1,068,525 $63,730,000 758 $3,021,451.41 Zones V Zones 0 $0 $0 1 $0.00 D Zones 1 $2,925 $250,000 23 $638,121.78 B,C& X Zone 181 $276,067 $62,758,000 44 $301,378.85 Standard 181 $276,067 $62,758,000 25 $121,921.17 Preferred 0 $0 $0 19 $179,457.68 Total 7,543 $8,443,303 1 $2,190,035,000 7,309 $42,353,162.41 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 COM INUED NFIP COMPLIANCE Monroe County entered the NFIP in 1973 by adoption of an ordinance that complies with the requirement of the program. The Floodplain Management Ordinance specifies standards for residential and non- residential construction and water supply and sanitary sewer systems that are located in the SFHA. It prohibits the alteration of sand dunes,mangrove stands, or wetlands if such alterations would increase the potential for flooding. The dominant standard in the ordinance requires that the lowest floor of buildings (including manufactured homes)be elevated to or above base flood levels. Enclosures below the elevated lowest floor are allowed only if they meet requirements specific to the flood zone. To ensure continued compliance with the NFIP,the County will continue to: — Enforce the adopted floodplain management ordinance,including reviewing all development proposals within the SFHA for compliance and inspection of permitted development and unpermitted activities; — Maintain records pertaining to development,including flood maps and Letters of Map Change,which shall be available for public inspection; — Notify the public when there are proposed changes to the ordinance or FIRMS; and — Promote the purchase of NFIP flood insurance policies as financial protection. In 1995,FEMA notified Monroe County that the illegal conversion and occupancy of enclosures below elevated residential structures had resulted from a deficiency in the County's enforcement of its 0II""III"0e . �.0Ldll"',w, „u'u. u� gy ..02 I"+°fll.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IW� I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ 795 ANNEX A:MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS floodplain management regulations. The County was directed to correct the deficiency or face suspension from the NFIP. The BOCC appointed a task force to address the problem which developed the"Flood Insurance Inspection Program."NFIP-insured homes with enclosures below the Base Flood Elevation were to be inspected to identify deficiencies;these were to be corrected in order for flood insurance policies to be written. Over 2,000 properties had been inspected through 2009; 1,600 had been brought into compliance. In mid-2014,FEMA ended the pilot program but directed Monroe County to continue enforcement. Section 122-15 of the Floodplain Management Ordinance requires the County to provide an inspection upon transfer of property. A report is provided to the new owner regarding any non- conformities associated with enclosures. Maps of repetitive loss areas in unincorporated Monroe County are on the following page. 0II',I10e . �.0Ldll"',w, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ 1 4 �„ �a ge + 4u 796 ti CD ti . w I.n � M.Stl Im �yr O 4 C O a S'S r A a Y Ili� a W IS LU IS all Cr m � Q �r.:rl pry u J z 40 2 W ey:2 Z v al Q Ic f � IIIIIIIII - f Q Elul u Imo, 2 -'r. Lh W ..'r z Z Q iu iii "i co ti tJl AA Wl rIJ � '�..Cu.:C4 C.m Pb Q7 tJ III " i ;'»ay Hl lia B r71 Nl � 3" LU all 40 Cr R 10 LU O O f ����W a as Z Z Qmuu i�� nail ti IIN � U IIIIV � uuu RP P:N➢ C 6X CS 0 QU, Ila GC 9J' o�oimlwuww:m, ��ry,ryuu aW IIII uu�ni llluuu uuw ��ry,ry aW a a I Wm m IIII 40 Cr Z I� Do r O m W O L a,a Z ° al II WIIIIIII ZII Quluu i�� hill ANNEX A:MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS Table A.11 details the number of all buildings affected by sea level rise in the unincorporated areas of Monroe County following the NOAA sea level rise projections of intermediate low and intermediate high scenarios. allll Mlle A,11 All IIIIII'tuliullldliuuu�lyeAffected Ill by Sea Illl eaelll IIII'tlillse,duullliluuicouu"IIII')oul°ated III o'uuiduroe 1„o'uuuirty Estimated Estimated Content Occupancy Building Structure Value Value Total Value Count 2040 NIL 12,927 4,786,581,400 2,587,195,924 6,494,686,780 Agriculture 1 $267,735 $267,735 $535,470 Commercial 549 $281,946,690 $281,946,690 $535,945,243 Education 19 $5,475,869 $5,475,869 $10,951,738 Government 177 $45,969,577 $45,969,577 $91,300,737 Industrial 69 $21,726,765 $32,590,148 $54,142,286 Religious 16 $10,697,044 $10,697,044 $21,394,089 Residential 12096 $4,420,497,718 $2,210,248,859 $5,780,417,218 2040 NIH 16,573 6,223,400,056 3,383,967,776 8,403,265,410 Agriculture 1 $267,735 $267,735 $535,470 Commercial 717 $377,546,051 $377,546,051 $724,985,494 Education 21 $7,733,660 $7,733,660 $15,467,320 Government 254 $68,258,644 $68,258,644 $135,456,469 Industrial 108 $38,833,744 $58,250,617 $95,665,834 Religious 22 $13,061,917 $13,061,917 $26,123,834 Residential 15450 $5,717,698,304 $2,858,849,152 $7,405,030,989 Source:HAZUS,NOAA,Monroe County Parcel Data Figure A-15 and Figure A-16 display NOAA 2040 intermediate low and high sea level rise scenarios for unincorporated Monroe County.Note that data was not available to assess the impacts of sea level rise on mainland Monroe. Table A.12 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to sea level rise based on NOAA intermediate low and high scenarios. alllh Mlle ,12 (:iriotliocallll Ill acliolllllilrtlioec IIIIIIIIPP'ollll oce^d to Sea Illl evellll IIII'tlillse,duuil iiiiiicoull"III' o'uu^aced III aiiviiroe t„ouuuilty Highest Level of SLR Critical Facility Count Structure Value 2040 NIL 103 $2,968,963.11 NOAA aft 16 $5,349,266.00 2040 NIH 43 $8,079,120.00 Total 162 $16,397,349.11 Source:NOAA,Monroe County LMS Working Group moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I . d Juidsdcdonal I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02 ag:7PrI IIw 800 r O co ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- V� IS k I' Ha all LU to IIIII iy �. Y ry u d p� �;M,j40 Ha 111 v 'o m Z m SIN 0 µ 2 0 /LLI u utl" 8 Z LLI di Z Ir 7 „°H w Q kl f Illiiii � N O co wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww.. d ➢d N� �i f �j1sh 4 IVL14 r II I M1, IIII Ili � ��W. pq 1,3 W H cu 13 vp W O ml 2 Z r� O ail Lh N � I �- Wdi Z 2 II, a 0 . a N � ANNEX A:MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS Table A.13 summarizes the number of buildings in unincorporated Monroe County that will be impacted by 100-yr and 500-yr storm surge events.Figure A-17 shows potential storm surge inundation for a 100- yr storm surge event and Figure A-18 shows inundation for the 500-yr storm surge event. alllhblllla ,1"III' dtoiriii,,ul ^' uirgc IIIIIIIIPioIIIP ocuuumc Illhiy'100 yi,auu ld 500 y1l,IIIIIIIII'dauu rt,Ouullillllllcouu"IIII' ouu^atcd III ouuiluumoe 1 ouuuuirty Estimated Building Estimated Occupancy Structure Value Total Value Count Content Value 100yr 24,063 $11,285,322,571 $6,139,870,304 $17,425,192,875 Agriculture 1 $267,735 $267,735 $535,470 Commercial 1,121 $645,867,962 $645,867,962 $1,291,735,924 Education 24 $13,248,581 $13,248,581 $26,497,162 Government 428 $121,181,468 $121,181,468 $242,362,935 Industrial 226 $96,880,156 $145,320,234 $242,200,390 Religious 32 $20,091,980 $20,091,980 $40,183,960 Residential 22,231 $10,387,784,689 $5,193,892,345 $15,581,677,034 500yr 25,046 $11,628,831,563 $6,362,452,972 $17,991,284,535 Agriculture 1 $267,735 $267,735 $535,470 Commercial 1,233 $733,159,071 $733,159,071 $1,466,318,141 Education 26 $15,569,386 $15,569,386 $31,138,772 Government 447 $128,343,371 $128,343,371 $256,686,743 Industrial 231 $98,037,689 $147,056,533 $245,094,222 Religious 35 $22,659,440 $22,659,440 $45,318,880 Residential 23,073 $10,630,794,871 $5,315,397,435 $15,946,192,306 Source:FEMA,NOAA,Monroe County Parcels Table A.14 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to storm surge based on 100 and 500-year storm surge events. alllh llllc '14 (:iriotliocallll IIP acliulllllilrtlles IIII'Illllxllll' ased'to dtoliriill°,uln Oulirge,Oiiiiii iiiiicouu^IIIP ouumatcd IIIOouI°vllrae 1„ouii1ity Storm Surge Category Critical Facility Count Structure Value 100-Year 267 $218,894,322.55 500-Year 14 $12,971,166.00 Total 279 $231,865,488.55 Source:FEMA,NOAA,Monroe County LMS Working Group moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I . d Juidsdcdonal I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02 803 Re 0 co 114 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ m- 1� Vv � f y .. .fin FN 1 Vp 14 x W 000000000000000pgiin , II � o00000000000000�� �., 'I W III' j H lie 0 �m y Z fill m Z "{ C V W O w Z as a a a Lh LLI a7 Z a IIIII� "" 7 to a� ti to 0 co ............................................................................................................................................................................................ J suv e ,•�l 7i KA l W. S I � fi uuuuuuuuu�mr�iy 1 III i I 2i� p W �m 7� Z 116�� Z J4? uU � II z V Al ¢ a d't ll.., W .� r 0 Z r ail 0 2 W ua .r Q I ul a ANNEX A:MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS Table A.15 summarizes the acreage in unincorporated Monroe County that falls within the Functional Wildland Urban Interface(WUI),categorized into zones that describe the wildfire risk mitigation activities appropriate for each zone.Areas in the Functional WUI are those areas where development and building structures may intermix with burnable land cover.Approximately, 1 percent of unincorporated Monroe County is categorized as having direct exposure to wildfire risk within the Functional WUI. alllh llllo I III iiic Iilciiilalll IiuIIIdlaiiid uiHI,,)aiiii IIIIiiitouu^facn,Uiiiiiiiiiiicciiii,IIIP ouI°at d III ouuiiiiiice 1„o uuilty IIIIIIIIII 11111=111= �IIr I�����I �ii� Ii� i II li i o��Io i���i �i������ I II o � �I��lI��I�I� I� Direct Exposure 3,608 1% Indirect Exposure 6,518 2% Critical Fireshed 45,638 14% Sources of Ember Load to Buildings 9,347 3% Little to No Exposure 3,863 1�Yo Water 251,004 78�Yo t i iii i Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment Figure A-19 depicts the Functional WUI for Monroe County,including incorporated areas. Figure A-20 depicts Burn Probability based on landscape conditions,percentile weather,historical ignition patterns, and historical prevention and suppression efforts. Fire Intensity Scale,which indicates the potential severity of fire based on fuel loads,topography,and other factors, is depicted in Figure A-21. Functional WUI areas are distributed throughout the county; the mainland is largely outside of any direct exposure in the Functional WUI. The biggest clusters of direct exposure are shown through out unincorporated areas of the Keys. Burn probability is low throughout the unincorporated areas on the Keys with some swaths of moderate burn probability in the Middle and Upper Keys areas. On the mainland,burn probability is low near the coast but much of the area included in Everglades National Park has a high burn probability. There are pockets of high fire intensity throughout the unincorporated areas of the County; areas with particularly large clusters include Big Pine Key and the mainland areas of Monroe County. Table A.16 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to wildfire risk on the Functional WUI scale. M011',II"0e . �.0Ldll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 806 ANNEX A:MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS alllhblllle "16 (:iriotlilcallll IIII acliullllliutllez IIIIIIIIPielll' oa""d't'o WflWffirp,Uiiiiiiiiiiiiicaiiii,IIIP ouu^zted III ciiiuu^oc 1„c uui Type Critical Facility Count Structure Value Communications 6 $5,110,285.00 Energy 0 $0 Food,Hydration,Shelter 1 $0 Hazardous Materials 2 $238,623.00 Health and Medical 0 $0 Safety and Security 0 $0 Transportation 0 $0 Water Systems 11 $782,752.00 Total 20 $6,131,660.00 Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment,Monroe County LMS Working Group Mau°°,1110 C01,01l"'1Ly„II""IL... 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Lifelines are the most fundamental services in the community that,when stabilized,enable all other aspects of society to function. Table B.1 provides a count of critical facilities by FEMA lifeline category in the City of Key Colony Beach.Figure B-1 shows the locations of all critical facilities in the City of Key Colony Beach. Table B.2 provides a detailed inventory of the critical facilities in the City of Key Colony Beach, indicating each facility's FEMA lifeline category,flood zone, 1%annual chance flood depth, sea level rise, storm surge, and wildfire.More information on hazard vulnerability is provided in the hazard profiles. cllllbIW IIIIII'tm'i t„ uu^lil'flillcWl IIII oclillllllftlillos,t„�liu't'y of Illl4ey(:clollll^:y IIIIII'toocllll:I Facility Type Count of Facility Type Structure Value Communications 0 $0 Energy 0 $0 Food, Hydration,Shelter 0 $0 Hazardous Materials 0 $0 Health and Medical 0 $0 Safety and Security 3 $2,705,814 Transportation 0 $0 Water Systems 1 $3,500,000 Total 4 $6,205,814 Source:LMS Working Group,GIS Analysis moinlio coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I . d Juidsdcdonal I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02)ag ;':"i llzll 816 ti co .�I y;�������� . IIIIIIII;Illlllllllllllllllllllr, p G. I I� p I 4,W1 fW,;V 1{1 �tl' �Q. � i J➢ I W W� 0 9 I b 4 r I ern � I✓A y'�� 1 I� rYry 1 r { r G� I Y""'II ulllll IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 1 ra OI ' i r � m �I III IVi�I Ga — lXP rw r3 f0 J x to F WI, 0 Ir Q Wml �.. LL c C M c W IIyI. x uIII a W a 6 !I Z rc 4 III III 11 1N w co co y C Ii C O O O O 3 ' ky E a11'pp' O V T T T T O O O O C H N N N N m � n C li N Q Q Q Q s a _ 1L D r+i M M O O O O O p O 00 a p a O al � O � O O O to H I 41040 r � C t m O m W m O a) m C �+ C 0 O O Y O w U p U U c O O Y f0M Y 7 a) rn _ N >W r � >0LL tin 'O 0 0 0 a7 co m a l0 l0 LL l0 co 'I- LL Z O O � oW�,�, E E E 'N > N > > W ns o f0 o o LL 0 Illm al N E N U V C N a) N a) N J N In N c k.3 . Z N a0+ N N 2 i...W Z W m f>0 m m Q III LL N > N N ANNEX B:CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH ASS M N I This section contains a summary of the City of Key Colony Beach's asset inventory as well as hazard profile and vulnerability assessment for those hazards that are spatially defined and have variations in risk that could be evaluated quantitatively on a jurisdictional level. The hazards included in this section are: Flood, Sea Level Rise, Storm Surge,and Wildfire. Table B.3 details the acreage of Key Colony Beach's total area by flood zone on the effective DFIRM; it also shows a comparison to the preliminary DFIRM released in December 2019. 100 percent of Key Colony Beach falls within the mapped 1%-annual-chance floodplains; this drops to 99.6 percent on the 2019 preliminary maps. The data in this risk assessment is based off FEMA's 2005 DFIRM. Figure B-2 reflects the effective mapped flood hazard zones for Key Colony Beach while Figure B-3 displays the 2019 preliminary map. 2111b' III IIIIII'm'P III III 'ZP�oiiiiiie Avivage IIIIIIIIiI Illl m4'I y(:oedIIoIIIIil7 IIIIII' S IIII I Effective DFIRM(2005) Preliminary DFIRM Change from (2019) Effective Percent of Percent of Flood Zone Acreage Total(%) Acreage Total(%) (acres) AE 251.7 94.7% 245.5 92.4% -6.2 VE 14.2 5.3% 19.1 7.2% 4.9 AO 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.2%Annual Chance Flood 0.0 0.0% 1.2 0.4% 1.2 Hazard Unshaded X 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Open Water 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Total 265.9 100.0% 265.9 100.0% 0.0 SFHA Total 265.9 100.0% 264.7 99.6% -1.2 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM Note:The differences between the effective FIRM and the preliminary FIRM are significant will likely still change.These details are provided here only as a comparison-all further flood analysis is based in the 2005 Effective DFIRM. Table B.4 and Table B.5 provide building counts and estimated damages by occupancy type for the 1% annual chance flood event using both the effective and preliminary DFIRM. Figure B-4 and Figure B-5 display the effective and preliminary depth of flooding estimated to occur in these areas during the 1%- annual-chance flood. oII",Iioe . �.oLdll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IW� I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ I age;':"i II"/ 819 ANNEX B:CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH I� Illh�llllo IIIIII't�r IIIIIIIIIIuuuu°'ul�l��a't'ed IIIIII'tuuulllduuuu^�ly IIII."tauu°'ulnayo ouu^:Id(:ouu^:rt'ouu^:rt Illl ass,"111' :^:dul^:loolll(:Illlilallllilo IIII'Illlocd IIIIIIIIII'r�'� �'L'llllo IIII"11111'IIIIIIIII'III ,II ... t�lill'ty of Illl4ey(:6Icliiiy IIIIII'toaollll:I Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Commercial 10 $27,492,958 $145,558 $456,727 $602,285 2% Educational 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Government 8 $5,092,002 $25,435 $162,749 $188,185 4% Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Religious 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Residential 1,409 $1,007,183,974 $178,886,110 $88,847,218 $267,733,328 27% Total 1,427 $1,039,768,934 $179,057,103 $89,466,695 $268,523,798 26% Source:HAZUS,FEMA Effective DFIRM m III�zllll�llllo Illktm Illk ruuuuul�l�ztod 111II6uluullllduuuu^�ly Illl)auuulnage ouuid(:olllliltollllilt Illl ass,"1 nllllilu ,zllll(:Illlilallllilo IIII Illloom IIII Illlelllllllllllllll�lllllllll�hzlllly Illltllll Illllllltlll'y, t„�lill'ty of Illl4ey(:6Iclllliy IIIIII'toaollll:I Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Commercial 10 $27,492,958 $102,883 $301,117 $404,001 1% Educational 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Government 8 $5,092,002 $40,712 $250,685 $291,397 6% Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Religious 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Residential 1,381 $982,326,817 $188,595,751 $94,362,208 $282,957,959 29% Total 1,399 $1,014,911,777 $188,739,347 $94,914,010 $283,653,357 28% Source:HAZUS,FEMA Preliminary DFIRM Table B.6 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by flood zone in the City of Key Colony Beach. IIIIbIW 111r1.6°°°°t:IIII^lill't'lillcWl ur zoill 111 lill'tliles ulrlllllollll' os °d't'o ulr lbodlil iig,t„�liu't'y of uut:oy(:6bllllily ulrltoadl iil Flood Zone Critical Facility Count Structure Value Zone AE 4 $6,205,814 Zone X(500-year) 0 $0 Zone X Unshaded 0 $0 Total 4 $6,205,814 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM,LMS Working Group vou°°lioe "�oLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I+ . d JuidsOcdoi,4 I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�IWN�II"y ..02 II wa,e 11 113 820 r N co 'N s IIN -------------------------------------------------------------------- rr _.r,. C' ray ul w, m Z O J O III 17, WLL LL III III 1 u,� rw, � r 7, _y �.., "�•�°���.. U ul � w w c i u,,,o w i u �'�y � n dll � E a a 11 sal W di Z 2 2II N ^.... 7 N N co ra LU LL µµ �y III^ 14 �i 9, w . I. I lulm �'lh �,✓i�'....'�,v ��l �0 �n J luu hYVp p �. J�x r c 0 r m � as �I� r a lug �W �� +� Lh W i� ��u {�' r� `<9 m a"a I Z 2 2 M N co rr m _...IIAL llvllm�� iuuN�� � . �Iml .�ntt�iMua�Pmwru7U�',vNd� t 9 mm u I �II� reulm'd ZO O u � W LL O LU m �: r r. j Iu� �, 2 II a a Re N co .................................................................................................................. 111C ra 0 HHHH, 0 U poTi %12 0 Cr 0 luu llluuu Ilium uu Ill ll, Jlcll 1110 0 III mll� u lllllll LL kl LU LL 0 x In LL Lh LLI S z 2 2 ANNEX B:CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH C 11..,.0 II' IG'1 IL... II" III........." .... The City of Key Colony Beach joined the NFIP emergency program in 1970 and has been a regular participant in the NFIP since July 1971. The City is a participant in the Community Rating System and is a Class 6 community. The following tables reflect NFIP policy and claims data for the City categorized by structure type,flood zone,Pre-FIRM and Post-FIRM. slllh llllo IIIIII't."' ' tllll'IIII W IIII')ollllilcy suu:Id( Illl;afii,'ulWs IIII.")a'ta IIItiy 9'tiruc uirp""III"" IIII' e Number of Number of Total Insurance in Total of Closed Structure Type Policies in Closed Paid Premium Force Paid Losses Force Losses Single Family 393 $870,846 $113,712,000 456 $17,069,853.90 2-4 Family 94 $205,153 $24,524,000 189 $5,813,692.17 All Other 382 $394,112 $78,719,000 217 $13,592,513.80 Residential Non-Residential 13 $100,970 $5,782,000 47 $4,681,081.64 Total 882 $1,571,081 1 $222,737,000 909 $41,157,141.51 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 IIII' IIIIWW Illrtmd Illw'IIIIIII' IIII!WollllillcyaiiWd t„ Illsfiio'Ill s IIII.°t 't IItWy IIII IIIbcd 2oiiie Number Number of Flood Zone of Policies Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Paid Losses in Force Losses A01-30&AE Zones 875 $1,506,266 $220,255,000 889 $39,948,170.57 A Zones 0 1 $0 1 $0 11 1 $0.00 V01-30&VE Zones 7 $64,815 $2,482,000 18 $1,166,716.94 13,C&X Zone Standard 0 $0 $0 1 $42,254.00 Total 882 $1,571,081 $222,737,000 909 $41,157,141.51 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 sIIIP llllo IIII'Itm9""""III°itllll'III IW IIII'WsnlllllillcyaiiWd t„ III IIIIIIII°'ulWs IIII'ts't's IIII''WIIII^e 11111111t'1110 Number of Number of Total Insurance in Total of Closed Flood Zone Policies in Closed Paid Premium Force Paid Losses Force Losses A01-30&AE Zones 475 $987,708 $107,328,000 553 $32,718,903.26 A Zones 10 1 $0 $0 1 $0.00 V01-30&VE Zones 3 $46,177 $1,666,000 14 $1,157,605.84 Total 478 $1,033,885 $108,994,000 568 $33,876,509.10 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 sIIIP llllo IIII'Itm'10°°°°III°itllll'III IW IIII'WsnllllIcyaiiWd( Illhslillli,iiins IIII')s't's IIII''Wast IIII'IIIIIIIt'lll0 Number of Total Insurance in Number of Total of Flood Zone Policies in Premium Force Closed Paid Closed Paid Force Losses Losses A01-30&AE Zones 400 $518,558 $112,927,000 336 $7,229,267.31 V01-30&VE Zones 1 4 1 $18,638 1 $816,000 1 4 1 $9,111.10 C01,011"'Iw, „a u. u� I+ . d JuidsWcdoi,4 I ocall fiL„aLoI I Strategy n�IWN�II"y ..02 a e3'2« 825 ANNEX B:CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH Number of Total Insurance in Number of Total of Flood Zone Policies in Premium Force Closed Paid Closed Paid Force Losses Losses B,C& X Zone 0 $0 $0 1 $42,254.00 Standard 1 0 1 $0 1 $0 1 1 1 $42,254.00 Total 1 404 1 $537,196 1 $113,743,000 341 $7,280,632.41 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 COM INUED NFIP COMPLIANCE The City entered the NFIP in 1971 by adoption of an ordinance that complies with the requirement of the program. To continue compliance with the NFIP,the City will: — Enforce the adopted floodplain management ordinance,including reviewing all development proposals in the SFHA and enforcing the requirements of the ordinance,and inspecting both permitted development and unpermitted activities; — Maintain records pertaining to floodplain development,including flood maps and Letters of Map Change,which shall be available for public inspection; — Notify the public when there are proposed changes to the ordinance or FIRMS; — Implement activities recognized by the NFIPs CRS, such as maintaining elevation certificates, sending annual NFIP mailing to local lenders,realtors,and insurance companies,and keeping a library of NFIP materials at City Hall; and — Promote the purchase of NFIP flood insurance policies as financial protection. 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',w, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ 3a e 324 826 ANNEX B:CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH Table B.11 details the number of all buildings affected by sea level rise in the City of Key Colony Beach following the NOAA sea level rise projections of intermediate low and intermediate high scenarios. allll' Illlo AUI IIIIII'tclilllllldlilllll°ycAffected IIII'y yea Illl ov+elll IIII't'lilso,t�lill'ty of Illlt:ey t„!u dllollliiy llllll'toacllll:I Estimated Estimated Content Occupancy Building Structure Value Value Total Value Count 2040 NIL 1,597 $831,866,662 $487,877,535 $1,319,744,198 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 4 $2,387,093 $2,387,093 $4,774,186 Education 0 $0 $0 $0 Government 2 $1,514,513 $1,514,513 $3,029,026 Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 Religious 0 $0 $0 $0 Residential 630 $284,910,225 $142,455,112 $261,272,822 2040 NIH 825 378,920,023 191,926,559 353,076,204 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 4 $2,387,093 $2,387,093 $0 Education 0 $0 $0 $0 Government 8 $2,546,001 $2,546,001 $5,092,002 Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 Religious 0 $0 $0 $0 Residential 813 $373,986,929 $186,993,465 $347,984,202 Source:HAZUS,NOAA,Monroe County Parcel Data Figure B-6 and Figure B-7 display NOAA 2040 intermediate low and high sea level rise scenarios for the City of Key Colony Beach. Table B.12 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to sea level rise based on NOAA intermediate low and high scenarios. alllh llllo IIIIII'L'1 2 (:iriutlilcollll IIII acliullllliutlles IIIIIIIIII'ollll' ose^d'to Sea Illl evellll IIII'tlillse,l„�lilrty of Illl4ey t„ollllouuiy IIIIII'toocllll:I Highest Level of SLR Critical Facility Count Structure Value 2040 NIL - - NOAA aft - - 2040 NIH 1 $100,758.90 Total 1 $100,758.90 Source:NOAA,Monroe County LMS Working Group moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I . d Juidsdcdonal I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02 I a„ 827 co N co �1 �f�l� i�lll i 4WI II I... iUl 7 _ p� rr u I � ru "� k � � J W LL O � G o a u p mu � „a t::ra LU i 0 N co -------------------------------------------------------------- �N ra �r iC� z W iWi rr. 4 J I u rii k'- Z „ A�t 101 H �V00 �� � ��, W � 2 LLI } 0 uu r. Z � a O wJ 116II6 �... ANNEX B:CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH Table B.13 summarizes the number of buildings in the City of Key Colony Beach that will be impacted by 100-yr and 500-yr storm surge events.Figure B-8 shows potential storm surge inundation for a 100-yr storm surge event and Figure B-9 shows inundation for the 500-yr storm surge event. alllhblllle IIIIII't'1"Ild Stciriii,iin Ouirg ' IIIIIIII xIIIP oauuu^e Illhbg"100 yi,auu ld 500 yi,IIIIIIIII''deuu:rt',1„�lilrt'Y of Illl4 y 1 ollloiiiy IIIIII'teaellll:I Estimated Building Structure Value Estimated Total Value Occupancy Count Content Value 100yr 1,427 $687,748,463 $352,020,471 $1,039,768,934 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 10 $13,746,479 $13,746,479 $27,492,958 Education 0 $0 $0 $0 Government 8 $2,546,001 $2,546,001 $5,092,002 Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 Religious 0 $0 $0 $0 Residential 1,409 $671,455,983 $335,727,991 $1,007,183,974 500yr 1,427 $687,748,463 $352,020,471 $1,039,768,934 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 10 $13,746,479 $13,746,479 $27,492,958 Education 0 $0 $0 $0 Government 8 $2,546,001 $2,546,001 $5,092,002 Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 Religious 0 $0 $0 $0 Residential 1,409 $671,455,983 $335,727,991 $1,007,183,974 Source:FEMA,NOAA,Monroe County Parcels Table B.14 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to storm surge based on 100 and 500-year storm surge events. alllh Mlle IIIII1.14 (:Irio't'lileallll IIII'ac lllllio'tlioes IIIIIIIIIxIIY=sed'to dtoliriiII°'uln Oulirge,1„�lilrtg of Illltse'g 1„odllloul°g III11eaalllhi Storm Surge Category Critical Facility Count Structure Value 100-Year 3 $5,605,814 500-Year 1 $600,000 Total 4 $6,205,814 Source:FEMA,NOAA,Monroe County LMS Working Group moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I+ . d Juidsdcdonal I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02 830 r M co r�., aim rrwro 114 lie I'�IP�IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 4. u' 0 I A ITV 1 r , _ ,s r I uii7muu �;; 'd. .r ,,,� .R.a- ., IIIIIIIIIIII w v Y II w u. sal° - � V W LYL ' 0 ' rr� m x III n zr rr,(( y Z �� eaa Lh Z � Y ` am II w d, Z � m— III N M co ------ -y----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- lie Y pp B 1 t rya - �; �im 6M1 n. �e qZ m 116A'AA'I �B Z 0 LU LL � 0 a... Zx ra x jIIII�II�jIIIIr�jII II�IIjrjIII��I+,`IrBI!I y Z Lh IiVlwl it �IIIIIIII 7 ANNEX B:CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH Table B.15 summarizes the acreage in the City of Key Colony Beach that falls within the Functional Wildland Urban Interface(WUI),categorized into zones that describe the wildfire risk mitigation activities appropriate for each zone. Areas in the Functional WUI are those areas where development and building structures may intermix with burnable land cover.Approximately, 6 percent of Key Colony Beach is categorized as having direct exposure to wildfire risk within the Functional WUI. II allll lllla llllll't'illd II cuu�lctlil muu�lalll liullldllllaiiid dui^llll,)auuil lllluuitauu^face,t„�lilrtycmf llll4ey1 clllcul°y IIIIII'tcacllll:I IIIIIIIIII ��IIII IIII Direct Exposure 17 6'Yo Indirect Exposure O�Yo Critical Fireshed 2 1% Sources of Ember Load to Buildings 0% Little to No Exposure 233 90% Water 6 2% ii i Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment Figure B-10 depicts the Functional WUI for Key Colony Beach.Figure B-I I depicts Burn Probability based on landscape conditions,percentile weather,historical ignition patterns,and historical prevention and suppression efforts. Fire Intensity Scale,which indicates the potential severity of fire based on fuel loads,topography,and other factors,is depicted in Figure B-12. Majority of the City is located within the Functional WUI with pockets of direct exposure being spread evenly throughout.Where there is a probability of burning,in the northwestern corner of the City,the burn probability is rated as very low;the remainder of the City has no burn probability associated with it. There are small pockets of high and moderate potential fire intensity,but much of the city has no fire intensity rating. Table B.16 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to wildfire risk on the Functional WUI scale. allll' Illlc IIIIII'tm'id"'(:iriotliocallll III acliullllliu'tliuca IIIIIIIIII'allll' cac^d'to Wflldflireo t„�lilrty of IlllOy(cdllloii:ly IIIIII'tcacllll:I Type Critical Facility Count Structure Value Communications 0 $0 Energy 0 $0 Food,Hydration,Shelter 0 $0 Hazardous Materials 0 $0 Health and Medical 0 $0 Safety and Security 0 $0 Transportation 0 $0 Water Systems 0 $0 Total O $O Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment,Monroe County LMS Working Group moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... 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Table C.1 provides a count of critical facilities by FEMA lifeline category in the City of Key West.Figure C-1 shows the locations of all critical facilities in the City of Key West. Table C.2 provides a detailed inventory of the critical facilities in the City of Key West,indicating each facility's FEMA lifeline category,flood zone, 1%annual chance flood depth, sea level rise, storm surge, and wildfire.More information on hazard vulnerability is provided in the hazard profiles. ulllh llll0(L"I (:Ii ltliocWl IIII aclilllllilrtlies,l�lilrtyofIlllt:oyWest Facility Type Count of Facility Type Structure Value Communications 0 $0 Energy 7 $3,953,014 Food, Hydration,Shelter 22 $227,076,971 Hazardous Materials 1 $6,496,246 Health and Medical 5 $12,863,340 Safety and Security 20 $123,374,417 Transportation 2 $9,291,598 Water Systems 6 $10,765,921 Total 63 $393,SZI,507 Source:LMS Working Group,GIS Analysis moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... 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CU Z W Or >>m Or Or m Or m m 2 Or Or m C m Or Or Or >m >m >m a) m a) pr Q LL LL V) > LL V) LL V) V) LL to V) to H LL to LL to to W to LL V) LL V) LL V) V) 2 2 2 LL V) ), '% w m Re co y C Ii C O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 7 y s a of 2 W 1+1pp' H m O O O O O O O O O O O O O O C LmO O O O O O O O O O O O O O 7 N N N to to to N N N N N N N to H to to to to to to to to to to to to to to w w w H J = O O O J f z z z z z z uz c ° U', o N a) � W 1L X j > > Q > Q XCL Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q s 0 to �to t0 N � M O r t N 1L C n t0 tV O O - td 4 n C J :r O MO o O (oj 00) cQ ON 'Ttb O O � O Lri N rIt O C0 Ln Lrl to 0) F O to m co tV m 7 J J O Q w O W M N > Y O Y Y Y > a) N ix W a > 0 m J O C y N 0) W 2 Q 2 ` LL N O N N N N O N N J H � >, � H � N f0 �M "O N O "O 00 "O ix N to 0 � Y Y C H N Ntn N U ZW N N ZW O OULL Y O 0 7 7 0 N 0 O C 0 0 0 co E M S Q O � N 'o o to o o rn to O o O to ° to N O to p Q ll M m M CO to to — CO to to — m co — to > N CL C OQ OQ OQ OQ OQ OQ O O O c c O O O O O a) a) U U U U U N O N E N N N N N 3 d C d +' N N a) N N a) a) •� E E a) O O E E E E E C C C C „ W LL w w 2 U U w w w w w w w w w Mi LL O U ?—'' ?—'' ?—'' ?—'' U rr C 7 'O 7 7 7 7 :O C rf m O C U a) U U U U N O p V C 0 v000v) ) m m C N C C C C N >� >� to rL W a w � rn rn rn rn 0o o Z f 0 ,5 � ,� � ,� ,� ,� ,� � o N o N N N N N � Z W O r m N M m m m N O r O r C C C C LL LL to H to 2 to to to to 2 LL to LL to W W W W '�, 'ffi ANNEX C:CITY OF KEY WEST C.� Illf IIII IIIIASSIIII''''''''''' III IIII IIIN I This section contains a summary of the City of Key West's asset inventory as well as hazard profile and vulnerability assessment for those hazards that are spatially defined and have variations in risk that could be evaluated quantitatively on a jurisdictional level. The hazards included in this section are: Flood, Sea Level Rise, Storm Surge,and Wildfire. Table C.3 details the acreage of Key West's total area by flood zone on the effective DFIRM; it also shows a comparison to the preliminary DFIRM released in December 2019. Slightly over 89 percent of Key West falls within the mapped 1%-annual-chance floodplains;this area would grow to 92.9 percent on the 2019 preliminary maps.The data in this risk assessment is based off FEMA's 2005 DFIRM.Figure C-2 reflects the effective mapped flood hazard zones for the City of Key West while Figure C-3 displays the 2019 preliminary map. 211bIIII �L„11 III III 'ZP�oiiiiiie Acivage IIIIIIIIiI Illl m4e West Effective DFIRM(2005) Preliminary DFIRM(2019) Change from Percent of Percent of Effective Flood Zone Acreage Total(%) Acreage Total(%) (acres) AE 2,928.6 76.1% 3,298.1 85.7% 369.5 VE 497.7 12.9% 255.9 6.7% -241.8 AO 2.4 0.1% 19.1 0.5% 16.7 0.2%Annual Chance Flood 277.4 7.2% 136.1 3.5% -141.3 Hazard Unshaded X 141.9 3.7% 138.8 3.6% -3.1 Open Water 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Total 3,848.0 100.0% 3,848.0 100.0% 0.0 SFHA Total 3,428.7 893% 3,5733 1 92.9% 144.4 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM Note:The differences between the effective FIRM and the preliminary FIRM are significant will likely still change.These details are provided here only as a comparison-all further flood analysis is based in the 2005 Effective DFIRM. Table CA and Table C.5 provide building counts and estimated damages by occupancy type for the 1% annual chance flood event using both the effective and preliminary DFIRM. Figure C-4 and Figure C-5 display the effective and preliminary depth of flooding estimated to occur in these areas during the 1%- annual-chance flood. oII",Iioe . �.oLdll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IW� I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 847 ANNEX C:CITY OF KEY WEST I II Wlblllla(%r IIIIIIIIIIr'LuIIIII°'ul�l��r:'L'ed IIIIII' Illlllldllllllll�lg IIII.")�zuu°'uln�z6a auu^:d�"„:nIIIIirL'eIIIIirL Illl nzrm"111' :�Illllilallll�"„:Illlilallllila IIII'Illl ��d IIIIIIIIII'r�'� c'L'llllva IIII"11111'IIIIIIIIt'III ,... 1„ liu'y n'f IllKey West Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Commercial 1,322 $2,874,224,712 $57,616,223 $189,835,920 $247,452,143 9% Educational 1 $1,278,998 $57,555 $401,503 $459,058 36% Government 867 $752,646,337 $5,149,489 $31,112,664 $36,262,153 5% Industrial 75 $55,875,723 $304,284 $898,065 $1,202,349 2% Religious 29 $34,683,776 $166,689 $1,197,420 $1,364,110 4% Residential 6,666 $4,845,068,494 $824,785,208 $407,226,587 $1,232,011,795 25% Total 8,960 $8,563,778,040 $888,079,449 $630,672,160 $1,518,751,608 18% Source:HAZUS,FEMA Effective DFIRM m aIlblllla(""° ul ....IIIIIIIIII'. IIIIIIII°'ul��� '°ed IIIIII' uullllduuuu�l IIII."1�� IIII°'ul��� a uu�d�""""nuu�r° uu�r°Illl n � "111' :�dul�l IIII�""""IIII�I uu�la IIII'Illlrnrmd IIII IIIlelllluuuu°'ul�uuuu�l IIII IIII"'11111'IIIIIIIIt'Illd�m r u a � � � arm ua � a a �Irll'y 'f IlKey West Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Commercial 1,627 $3,180,252,543 $50,762,576 $166,340,569 $217,103,145 7% Educational 16 $34,807,794 $120,210 $750,281 $870,490 3% Government 871 $807,907,705 $2,110,302 $13,100,445 $15,210,747 2% Industrial 82 $66,776,878 $424,716 $1,270,548 $1,695,264 3% Religious 49 $57,685,978 $194,760 $1,576,699 $1,771,459 3% Residential 8,256 $5,975,803,647 $1,200,456,414 $593,970,490 $1,794,426,904 30% Total 10,901 $10,123,234,546 $1,254,068,978 $777,009,031 $2,031,078,009 20% Source:HAZUS,FEMA Preliminary DFIRM Table C.6 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by flood zone in the City of Key West. IIII' IIII %6 1„:IIII,ftlill.wWl Ilw aclllIIIr kites 'to Illl lllbodlil iig,(: y of KeyWest Flood Zone Critical Facility Count Structure Value Zone AE 46 $247,591,777.19 Zone VE 9 $90,440,819.60 Zone X(500-year) 3 $7,665,996.66 Zone X Unshaded 5 $46,499,799.62 Total 63 $392,198,393.07 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM,LMS Working Group vou°°lioe "�oLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... 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Yil II luu rr 91 all, o LL LL 1 2 LU LL 0 LU Z u,,w -X J Lh diLL I 2 ANNEX C:CITY OF KEY WEST II" III........." .... The City of Key West joined the NFIP emergency program in 1970 and has been a regular participant in the NFIP since September 1971. The City is a participant in the Community Rating System and is a Class 5 community. The following tables reflect NFIP policy and claims data for the City categorized by structure type, flood zone,Pre-FIRM and Post-FIRM. slllh llll0l„' "' ' tllll'IIII IIII')ellIcy auu ld(:lWfii,'il is IIII")a'ta Illh y 9'hructuire""III"' 111 e Number of Number of Total Insurance in Total of Closed Structure Type Policies in Closed Paid Premium Force Paid Losses Force Losses Single Family 2,973 $5,658,356 $872,546,000 3,883 $141,299,563.25 2-4 Family 736 $1,395,401 $182,203,000 540 $16,203,490.04 All Other 1,038 $724,912 $217,141,000 322 $7,388,847.29 Residential Non-Residential 505 $2,751,715 $257,038,000 993 $48,624,293.19 Total 5,252 $10,530,384 1 $1,528,928,000 5,738 $213,516,193.77 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 alllh Mlle(La 'I W!!!III II!�odlHcy ail°W 1„ Ill�sliliil i'lungs IIII"ta't'a Ill�,)y IIII'Illbcd'2oiiile Number Number of Flood Zone of Policies Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Paid Losses in Force Losses A01-30&AE Zones 4,411 $9,427,930 $1,243,644,000 5,306 $207,165,795.09 A Zones 0 $0 $0 1 $0.00 AO Zones 4 $6,484 $713,000 3 $73,283.01 V01-30&VE Zones 23 $258,996 $12,549,000 160 $4,788,462.71 B,C&X Zone Standard 814 $836,974 $272,022,000 190 $1,239,829.76 Preferred 0 $0 $0 79 $285,667.23 Total 5,252 $10,530,384 $1,528,928,000 5,739 $213,553,037.80 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 alllh Mlle(%9°°°°III'I1tllll'III I)IIII')adllHcy aliiW 1„ Ill�sliliii,'il is IIII'ta't'a IIII3Iire°"'1111'IIIIIIIt'lll Number Number of Total Insurance in Total of Closed Flood Zone of Policies Closed Paid in Force Premium Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30&AE Zones 2,367 $6,998,333 $674,585,000 4,403 $190,615,182.98 A Zones 0 $0 $0 1 $0.00 AO Zones 2 $3,004 $345,000 3 $73,283.01 V01-30&VE Zones 9 $143,571 $5,947,000 84 $3,533,705.11 B,C& X Zone 560 $567,626 $189,678,000 187 $1,388,898.33 Standard 560 $567,626 $189,678,000 126 $1,162,484.05 Preferred 0 $0 $0 62 $263,258.31 Total 2,938 $7,712,534 $870,555,000 4,678 $195,611,069.43 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 C01,011r1ty„II""IL... SIG" I+ . d JuidsWcdoi4 I ocall fiL„aLoI I Strategy n�IWN�II"y ..02 113age";III 853 ANNEX C:CITY OF KEY WEST slllh llll0l„' '10 Iltllll'III IIII!�cdlHc aiiW 1„ IIIlziii,,il is IIII"ls't's IIII')ost llll' 1'lll Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Premium Force Paid Losses Force Losses A01-30&AE Zones 2,044 $2,429,597 $569,059,000 903 $16,550,612.11 AO Zones 2 $3,480 $368,000 0 $0.00 V01-30&VE Zones 14 $115,425 $6,602,000 76 $1,254,757.60 B,C&X Zone 254 $269,348 $82,344,000 81 $99,754.63 Standard 254 $269,348 $82,344,000 64 $77,345.71 Preferred 0 $0 $0 17 $22,408.92 Total 3,735 $7,753,629 1 $957,311,400 1,009 $15,828,271.60 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 COM INUED NFIP COMPLIANCE The City entered the NFIP in 1971 by adoption of an ordinance that complies with the requirement of the program. The ordinance has been revised several times, including updates that aligned with the statewide effort to coordinate local ordinances with the flood provisions of the Florida Building Code. To continue compliance with the NFIP,the City will: — Enforce the adopted floodplain management ordinance,including reviewing all development proposals in any floodplain and enforcing the requirements of the ordinance, and inspecting both permitted development and unpermitted activities; — Maintain records pertaining to floodplain development,including flood maps and Letters of Map Change,which shall be available for public inspection; — Notify the public when there are proposed changes to the ordinance or FIRMS; — Implement activities recognized by the NFIPs CRS including brochure publication and distribution and annual mailers; — Promote the purchase of NFIP flood insurance policies as financial protection; — Maintain a consolidated GIS database for monitoring floodplain related permitting reviews; — City Floodplain Administrator has a seat on the City's Development Review Committee,is an integral plan reviewer for all floodplain related permit applications and is in the variance pre-review network required of all applications within the SFHA; and — Continuing to implement higher regulatory standards including,but not limited to,multi-phase elevation certifications,minimum 12-inch elevation of the first finished floor outside the SFHA,and a one-year substantial improvement cumulative period of calculations. REPO../7IVE 14' SS PROPEP7IES A map of repetitive loss areas in Key West is on the following page. 0II""III"0e . �.0Ldll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 Kidd Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ I a„ 854 In co xf, � L r e9. C d �w cn v V W Cr LL N � 0ro c a % Vi'i�lui C„ � .G �'• ..�y.� k�l cl to C � $l x a z L; LLI z 0 L Q 116II6 ANNEX C:CITY OF KEY WEST Table C.11 details the number of all buildings affected by sea level rise in the City of Key West following the NOAA sea level rise projections of intermediate low and intermediate high scenarios. II sllbllllo(L"I'l 11111 IIIIII'taliullldliuuu�lysAffected by Sea llllcvclll llllRllse,(: tyof llKey West Estimated Estimated Content Occupancy Building Structure Value Value Total Value Count 2040 NIL 4,091 2,266,531,613 1,631,214,285 3,023,307,051 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 747 $790,784,670 $790,784,670 $1,307,377,327 Education 1 $639,499 $639,499 $1,278,998 Government 176 $160,186,817 $160,186,817 $320,341,179 Industrial 15 $16,137,560 $24,206,341 $40,325,406 Religious 19 $12,010,850 $12,010,850 $23,353,462 Residential 3133 $1,286,772,216 $643,386,108 $1,330,630,680 2040 NIH 51915 3,221,033,878 2,248,839,779 4,197,433,423 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 913 $1,011,166,180 $1,011,166,180 $1,709,019,545 Education 1 $639,499 $639,499 $1,278,998 Government 357 $213,658,831 $213,658,831 $427,285,205 Industrial 19 $18,935,571 $28,403,357 $47,320,433 Religious 22 $13,310,027 $13,310,027 $25,951,816 Residential 4603 $1,963,323,770 $981,661,885 $1,986,577,427 Source:HAZUS,NOAA,Monroe County Parcel Data Figure C-7 and Figure C-8 display NOAA 2040 intermediate low and high sea level rise scenarios for the City of Key West. Table C.12 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to sea level rise based on NOAA intermediate low and high scenarios. alllh llllc(%'12 (:iriotlilcallll IIP acliullllliutlles IIII'IIIII lY=sed to Sea Illl svallll IIII't^lillse,t„:linty of Illltsey West Highest Level of SLR Critical Facility Count Structure Value 2040 NIL 6 $11,177,787.81 NOAA aft 5 $75,149,048.17 2040 NIH 4 $76,471,087.88 Total 15 $162,797,923.86 Source:NOAA,Monroe County LMS Working Group 011°°,1110e "�oLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I . d Juidsdcdonal I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02 856 ti Ln co .-- wwwwwwwwwwww------------------------wwwww ------wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww-------------------------- rr s u I! ,i � 1 m 0 U aw o LL mdll '; Z O Lh WI Iw,w.uw� ar',. Z co U) co „C, In (:4 II (14 ap m- -------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ I �! Cr cu LL I I Y a �a 'o a w'www. t e r[�, Z k.3 Lh LLI di ZG c ` 2 II^a � I. kl f ANNEX C:CITY OF KEY WEST Table C.13 summarizes the number of buildings in the City of Key West that will be impacted by 100-yr and 500-yr storm surge events. Figure C-9 shows potential storm surge inundation for a 100-yr storm surge event and Figure C-10 shows inundation for the 500-yr storm surge event. II sllll'bIlllx(%'1"'"d' O'1:'xliriiII"'lll Oulirgc IIIIIIIIPixllll' smsullllmx IIIL)y'100 yi,allll ld 500 yi,IIIIIIIII'Oxllll 1"�lill't'g of Illl:ey West Estimated Building Structure Value Estimated Total Value Occupancy Count Content Value 100yr 11,257 $6,321,676,484 $4,253,337,538 $10,575,014,023 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 1,692 $1,675,821,726 $1,675,821,726 $3,351,643,452 Education 16 $17,403,897 $17,403,897 $34,807,794 Government 885 $408,973,878 $408,973,878 $817,947,756 Industrial 82 $26,710,751 $40,066,127 $66,776,878 Religious 51 $29,377,588 $29,377,588 $58,755,176 Residential 8,531 $4,163,388,644 $2,081,694,322 $6,245,082,966 500yr 11,731 $6,613,685,998 $4,460,511,225 $11,074,197,223 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 1,868 $1,767,783,254 $1,767,783,254 $3,535,566,509 Education 16 $17,403,897 $17,403,897 $34,807,794 Government 897 $431,771,965 $431,771,965 $863,543,930 Industrial 84 $28,006,740 $42,010,111 $70,016,851 Religious 56 $34,363,855 $34,363,855 $68,727,709 Residential 8,810 $4,334,356,287 $2,167,178,143 $6,501,534,430 Source:FEMA,NOAA,Monroe County Parcels Table C.14 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to storm surge based on 100 and 500-year storm surge events. slllh llllc l"„L"14 (:Irliotliocsllll IIP scliulllllilrtlles IIII'Illllxllll' osed't'o O't'airiii°,uln Ouirge,1„�lilrtg Of Illl seg WUst Storm Surge Category Critical Facility Count Structure Value 100-Year 56 $363,631,704.04 500-Year 3 $13,432,305.62 Total 59 $377,064,009.67 Source:FEMA,NOAA,Monroe County LMS Working Group moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... 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'.. .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .. to � a r ANNEX C:CITY OF KEY WEST Table C.15 summarizes the acreage in the City of Key West that falls within the Functional Wildland Urban Interface(WUI),categorized into zones that describe the wildfire risk mitigation activities appropriate for each zone.Areas in the Functional WUI are those areas where development and building structures may intermix with burnable land cover.Approximately,4 percent of Key West is categorized as having direct exposure to wildfire risk within the Functional WUI. allllsllllc(„LI III iiic lilciiilalll liullldllllaiiid iillll,)auuilllllliiiteuu^frco,(:ItyofllKey West 11111=111=IIIIIIIIIIIIII7i� �� iill �����in��i it ��lii i iii il��if i ���° ���im��i ��� Direct Exposure 142 4% Indirect Exposure 0% Critical Fireshed 460 12% Sources of Ember Load to Buildings 266 7% Little to No Exposure 2,781 73�Yo Water 163 4% iiii i Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment Figure C-I I depicts the Functional WUI for Key West. Figure C-12 depicts Burn Probability based on landscape conditions,percentile weather,historical ignition patterns,and historical prevention and suppression efforts.Fire Intensity Scale,which indicates the potential severity of fire based on fuel loads, topography,and other factors, is depicted in Figure C-13. Functional WUI areas are focused along the outer edges of the City,with the central, downtown area being excluded from the Functional WUI. Where there is a rating for burn probability,mainly in southern and eastern Key West,it is very low; otherwise,much of the city is without a burn probability rating. There are pockets of moderate to high characteristic fire intensity,especially around the outer edges of the City,but a large swath of the City is not rated on the characteristic fire intensity scale. Table C.16 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to wildfire risk on the Functional WUI scale. alllhsllllc t„'m'id"(:iriotlilcallll IIII acliullllliutlle IIII allYsoac^d'to Wflldflireo t„�lilrty of IllKey WeTt Type Critical Facility Count Structure Value Communications 0 $0 Energy 0 $0 Food,Hydration,Shelter 0 $0 Hazardous Materials 0 $0 Health and Medical 0 $0 Safety and Security 0 $0 Transportation 0 $0 Water Systems 1 $24,684.77 Total 1 $24,684.77 Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment,Monroe County LMS Working Group 011°°,1110e "�0Ldll"'1Ly„II""IL... 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CL (n CD / k / 2 E _/ co / § k k U 7 § S U _§ U ° - 0 t 0 0 2 $ u / o oo � o § Q ƒ " � e U W 2 § & § % \ ) 1 § L : 2 Q) U � � � � \ k / § \ / / Ln D £ # W 0 $ 0) a o - e E " R u 2 V) ■ _ (D b k 3 § o k k k ( R / \ ƒ k o / LU� k p ■ a) a) a) in R R R © n 2 2 2 G z ■ \ Q ANNEX D:CITY OF LAYTON uuuumu IIIIIII uuuuuum IIIIIII III N II III I II The City of Layton and the LMS Working Group provided a local inventory of critical facilities and community lifelines,which are a priority for mitigation planning and emergency management. Lifelines are the most fundamental services in the community that,when stabilized,enable all other aspects of society to function. Table D.1 provides a count of critical facilities by FEMA lifeline category in the City of Layton.Figure D-1 shows the locations of all critical facilities in the City of Layton. Table D.2 provides a detailed inventory of the critical facilities in the City of Layton,indicating each facility's FEMA lifeline category,flood zone, 1%annual chance flood depth, sea level rise, storm surge, and wildfire.More information on hazard vulnerability is provided in the hazard profiles. allll' Illlc IIII°t"i t IIII^lil't'lillCWl III aclilllllllill't'lillcs,t�lill'ty o't IIII ay't'ollllll Facility Type Count of Facility Type Structure Value Communications 1 $0 Energy 0 $0 Food, Hydration,Shelter 0 $0 Hazardous Materials 0 $0 Health and Medical 0 $0 Safety and Security 1 $337,480 Transportation 0 $0 Water Systems 3 $0 Total 5 $337,480 Source:LMS Working Group,GIS Analysis moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„IIIIIIIIL. SIG" Is. d Juidsdcdonal I ocall fiIL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02 887 co co co ww P� � IW r�y'v Cu I Y . o y, Z .I �m m' �Im wnw II � ii W Z 0 co co A C a�+ Ln LL C O O O O (V 3 ' ky = W to 0 O O O O O C E, O O O O O H N N N N N I lim ccC J_ J_ J_ __ Y�" (6p G i Z Z Z Z t ti NCL Q Q Q Q Q s all t0 In N N M ti C .f ui to to .f O O 7 co 7 n � M H Aa T m 3 r r � rn 2 n a co > Y O m O g " v co III a gkw �. O m q U G'w's 'H ' rn m a) m E ID "V) W E E m m m u LL W LL 116I "'' It c Illm to to H O w E E E C to N N N m 0 III m to to to 7 a E a.a' CU Z W m m m m O Q a V) U a ANNEX D:CITY OF LAYTON IIIC° ' Illf IIII IIIIASSIIII''''''''''' III IIII IIII� This section contains a summary of the City of Layton's asset inventory as well as hazard profile and vulnerability assessment for those hazards that are spatially defined and have variations in risk that could be evaluated quantitatively on a jurisdictional level. The hazards included in this section are: Flood, Sea Level Rise, Storm Surge,and Wildfire. Table D.3 details the acreage of Layton's total area by flood zone on the effective DFIRM; it also shows a comparison to the preliminary DFIRM released in December 2019. 100 percent of Layton falls within the mapped 1%-annual-chance floodplains;this would remain the same on the 2019 preliminary maps. The data in this risk assessment is based off FEMA's 2005 DFIRM. Figure D-2 reflects the effective mapped flood hazard zones for Layton while Figure D-3 displays the 2019 preliminary map. 21111' IIII IIII°t'P1 III Ibod' PoIIIiie Acivage IIIIIIIIiI Illl oyfolllil Effective DFIRM(2005) Preliminary DFIRM(2019) Change from Flood Zone Percent of Percent of Effective Acreage Total(%) Acreage Total(%) (acres) A 0 0.0% 0 0.0% AE 123.2 86.0% 114.6 80.0% 8.6 AO 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 VE 20.0 14.0% 28.6 20.0% -8.6 0.2%Annual Chance Flood 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Hazard Unshaded X 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Open Water 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Total 44.5 100.0% 44.5 100.0% 0.0 SFHA Total 143.2 100.0% 143.2 100.0% 0.0 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM Note:The differences between the effective FIRM and the preliminary FIRM are significant will likely still change.These details are provided here only as a comparison-all further flood analysis is based in the 2005 Effective DFIRM. Table DA and Table D.5 provide building counts and estimated damages by occupancy type for the 1% annual chance flood event using both the effective and preliminary DFIRM. Figure D-4 and Figure D-5 display the effective and preliminary depth of flooding estimated to occur in these areas during the 1%- annual-chance flood. II 21111' IIII IIII"t 4 II stliiII'"Iuil2't'oy IIIIII'Illlolllllllyllllllll lg III�)a iiii',iiiii ago oIIII d t olllli1eiIIIiI't'IIII oss,"111° :^:dlll^:lu*l t IIIIiIaIIIIiIoo IIII'Iboy IIIIIIIIII''1'1 t'fllll IIII"tllll'IIIII t'III 1„�Iilrty o1 Illl o ouul Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Commercial 13 j $18,183,056 $391,884 $1,139,479 $1,531,362 8% M011°III°0 C01,011""1t a u. u� � y ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IW� I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 890 ANNEX D:CITY OF LAYTON Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Educational 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Government 10 $3,179,284 $163,886 $993,307 $1,157,193 36% Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Religious 2 $828,760 $12,880 $95,999 $108,878 13% Residential 143 $51,718,801 $16,078,231 $7,940,346 $24,018,577 46% Total 168 $73,909,902 $16,646,881 $10169130 $26,816,011 36% Source:HAZUS,FEMA Effective DFIRM wu 8' �allll'�Illlo IIII.° ,Ilg....IIIIIIIIII'sIIIIIIII"'lui�a'L' � IIIIIItalllllllldllllllll�lg IIII.°"�allll"'lullllii�tg!�'I'�9�allll�lg�"„: uuieul°i'L'Ill oss,"1 ��luu�l � llll�"„�IIII�IZuu�le IIII'Illlo�� IIII uu^ellluuuu°'ul1uuuu1lauu IIII" IIII'IIIIIIIIIII 1„�lilr y of Illl aytaiiiiii Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Commercial 13 $18,183,056 $319,309 $986,368 $1,305,677 7% Educational 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Government 10 $3,179,284 $99,210 $621,411 $720,621 23% Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Religious 2 $828,760 $12,880 $95,999 $108,878 13% Residential 143 $51,718,801 $14,420,901 $7,167,424 $21,588,325 42% Total 168 $73,909,902 $14,852,299 $8,871,202 $23,723,501 32% Source:HAZUS,FEMA Preliminary DFIRM Table D.6 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by flood zone in the City of Layton. alllh llW IIII"1,6' (:ii,o''liocWl IIII aclil 111 lio' lies IIIIIIIII''allll'acod'to IIII'Ibadlillliig,1„�lilr y o't Illl ay'ouu l Flood Zone Critical Facility Count Structure Value Zone AE 5 $337,480.00 Zone X(500-year) 0 $0 Zone X Unshaded 0 $0 Total 5 $337,480.00 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM,LMS Working Group vou°°lioe "�oLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I+ . d Juidsdcdoi,4 I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�IWN�II"y ..02 891 N 0 co a'H rr Pw IIN 0 Illllluuuu�l�i, tides � vl luu rr 16 9 116�� I c�� Z N U I� L w II "' ul�mnm�w N N LL Z pI�I11 *i!Ir 111�1� 0 kl II'N Z ' Q Ill m V) rvN'� M 0) co CP c H s IIN ................. 8 4eX fIr LL 0 III m luu� III 11 III Oc L � va a i.ii� ear 0 9 z a � 5 �I�mmn�m N N u N5 LL Lh LLI Z pI�I11 *i!Ir 111�1� 0 kl II'N Z ' Q N co N. bG �u6 o, III 0 HHHIN luu Cr 16 AN III III �Iml III d�N RII'� Q �l c oo lin ��D�fju W c III����� c r=; a r� w n LL Lh k..3, z goo adi Q iu iii "i co "rN�n e• HHHI 8 N 0 luu Cr 16 II III a Il ll 1110 �ml III d�N RII'� O IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII g a�„ 12 re �������IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII�������������������������������� amm;'d1 IIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIItllllllllllllllllllll IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII � uum uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu y G In �o� v LL Lh 4h LLI O ...t Q m uu V) i w ANNEX D:CITY OF LAYTON C 11..,.0a" XG'1 IL... II" III........." .... The City of Layton joined the NFIP emergency program in July 1971 and has been a regular participant since. The City is a participant in the Community Rating System and is a Class 5 community. The following tables reflect NFIP policy and claims data for the City categorized by structure type,flood zone,Pre-FIRM and Post-FIRM. aIIlhWllllc IIII"t."' ' tllll'IIII W IIII'Wolllliocy alild 1„ Illl;afii,'ulWs IIII"ta'ta IIItiy Z'tructuirp""III'" IIII' e Number of Number of Total Insurance in Total of Closed Structure Type Policies in Closed Paid Premium Force Paid Losses Force Losses Single Family 64 $103,110 $16,916,000 69 $1,780,963.67 2-4 Family 6 $3,962 $1,390,000 5 $330,795.82 All Other 1 $2,574 $500,000 0 $0.00 Residential Non-Residential 12 $62,312 $6,109,000 14 $1,568,618.52 Total 83 $171,958 $24,915,000 88 $3,680,378.01 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 aIIlhWllllc IIII"),S tllll'III W IIII'WodllHcyail°Wd t„ Illallliii,'ulWs IIII"ta't'a IIk)y IIII'Illlood'2oliiie Number Number of Flood Zone of Policies Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Paid Losses in Force Losses A01-30&AE Zones 83 $171,958 $24,915,000 87 $3,680,378.01 V01-30&VE Zones 1 0 1 $0 1 $0 11 1 $0.00 Total 1 83 1 $171,958 1 $24,915,000 88 $3,680,378.01 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 aIIlhWllllc IIII"),9""""III°itllll'III W IIII'WodllHcyaul°Wd t„ Illhsllllli,iilWs IIII"ta't'a IIII'WIIIre llll' t'lll Number of Number of Total Insurance in Total of Closed Flood Zone Policies in Closed Paid Premium Force Paid Losses Force Losses A01-30&AE Zones 27 $112,528 $7,281,000 56 $3,314,452.11 V01-30&VE Zones 10 1 $0 1 $0 1 $0.00 Total 1 27 1 $112,528 1 $7,281,000 57 $3,314,45231 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 aIIlhWllllc IIII't,"10""""III°itllll'III III)IIII'WoIII ley auuWld t„ Ill�alllii,i'iins IIII'ta'ta IIII''Wos't'""'llll'IIII t'IIIO Number of Total Insurance in Number of Total of Flood Zone Policies in Premium Force Closed Paid Closed Paid Force Losses Losses A01-30&AE Zones 56 $59,430 $17,634,000 31 $365,925.90 Total 56 1 $59,430 1 $17,634,000 31 $365,925.90 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I+ . d Juids0cdoi4 I ocall fiL„aLoI I Strategy n�IWN�II"y ..02 896 ANNEX D:CITY OF LAYTON COM INUED NFIP COMPLIANCE The City entered the NFIP in 1971 by adoption of an ordinance that complies with the requirement of the program. To continue compliance with the NFIP,the City will: — Enforce the adopted floodplain management ordinance,including reviewing all development proposals in any flood hazard area and enforcing the requirements of the ordinance, and inspecting both permitted development and unpermitted activities; — Maintain records pertaining to floodplain development,including flood maps and Letters of Map Change,which shall be available for public inspection; — Notify the public when there are proposed changes to the ordinance or FIRMS; — Maintain a 3' freeboard requirement; — Limits size of accessory structures in the SFHA; — Implement activities recognized by the NFIPs CRS; and — Promote the purchase of NFIP flood insurance policies as financial protection. 0IIIII"0e C01,01l"',w, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ 897 ANNEX D:CITY OF LAYTON Table D.11 details the number of all buildings affected by sea level rise in the City of Layton following the NOAA sea level rise projections of intermediate low and intermediate high scenarios. cllllbIW IIII.°).11 AUI IIIIII'lclllllllldlllllll"ds Affected ed IIII'sdSea Illl ovdI IIII'!'lllse,(�lill'tdo'f Illl aytoiiiiii Estimated Estimated Content Occupancy Building Structure Value Value Total Value Count 2040 NIL 127 32,100,227 19,486,261 48,663,286 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 7 $4,868,273 $4,868,273 $9,736,546 Education 0 $0 $0 $0 Government 10 $1,589,642 $1,589,642 $3,039,206 Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 Religious 2 $414,380 $414,380 $828,760 Residential 108 $25,227,932 $12,613,966 $35,058,774 2040 NIH 143 38,085,839 23,427,465 58,465,366 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 8 $6,765,068 $6,765,068 $13,530,136 Education 0 $0 $0 $0 Government 10 $1,589,642 $1,589,642 $3,039,206 Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 Religious 2 $414,380 $414,380 $828,760 Residential 123 $29,316,749 $14,658,374 $41,067,264 Source:HAZUS,NOAA,Monroe County Parcel Data Figure D-6 and Figure D-7 display NOAA 2040 intermediate low and high sea level rise scenarios for the City of Layton. Table D.12 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to sea level rise based on NOAA intermediate low and high scenarios. clllhblW IIII')12 (:irotliocWl III'ccliolllliotl es IIII'IIIII III,)nscd't'o Sea Illl ov6l IIII'1^Iso,l„�lilrtd of IIII a7touuil Highest Level of SLR Critical Facility Count Structure Value 2040 NIL 3 $0 NOAA aft 0 $0 2040 NIH 1 $0 Total 4 $0 Source:NOAA,Monroe County LMS Working Group cou°°lioe "�oLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" Ic. d Juidsdcdonal I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02 898 co im 51 lill Jill IW liilU IJ' U+N k uia. 40 111tli " ulul�� �s� lilt �Jr� VIW�u ap II6mmmmmmmll��Vl11k19/9l�lf �il1(111�1�1�1�111��������� ap m i U a Z 1111 O a p H 'I c '' C 4W i �c 2 a m w n � k� LU a o 4 O O IN II 5 1 rr. III � a' III ��IIU 0 m Pk Iql Ilul�i �I���II�IIIII"" Ill�lN��k IIII� rm uuNl�� uq��ro � III ui � � uluU�u �uI�U� �qu�'10 � I��IIII �� �I�r�r �lll�fl��l�l�la�mio��llh�r�mm NNh�IIU �u o �'ll�'lll �'P illl(IIIU u C mMH Ll to i c u.u. a.. a ai CU !' W . z o ` Q 0 a III: ANNEX D:CITY OF LAYTON Table D.13 summarizes the number of buildings in the City of Layton that will be impacted by 100-yr and 500-yr storm surge events.Figure D-8 shows potential storm surge inundation for a 100-yr storm surge event and Figure D-9 shows inundation for the 500-yr storm surge event. alllhbllllo IIII"t.1"III'I" Otciriii°,ul Ouirg l IIIIIIIIoIIIP ocuul° Illhiy'100 yi,auu ld II OO yi,IIIIIIIIII'colli t,l„�lilrtyof Illl aytouu l Estimated Structure Value Estimated Total Value Occupancy Building Count Content Value 100yr 168 $45,574,751 $28,335,151 $73,909,902 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 13 $9,091,528 $9,091,528 $18,183,056 Education 0 $0 $0 $0 Government 10 $1,589,642 $1,589,642 $3,179,284 Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 Religious 2 $414,380 $414,380 $828,760 Residential 143 $34,479,201 $17,239,600 $51,718,801 500yr 168 $45,574,751 $28,335,151 $73,909,902 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 13 $9,091,528 $9,091,528 $18,183,056 Education 0 $0 $0 $0 Government 10 $1,589,642 $1,589,642 $3,179,284 Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 Religious 2 $414,380 $414,380 $828,760 Residential 143 $34,479,201 $17,239,600 $51,718,801 Source:FEMA,NOAA,Monroe County Parcels Table D.14 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to storm surge based on 100 and 500-year storm surge events. alllh llllc IIII't 11r (:Iriotlilcallll IIP acliullllliutlles IIII'Illllxllll' osed'to Otairiii°,uln Ouirge,t„�lilrty of Illl aytouu Storm Surge Category Critical Facility Count Structure Value 100-Year 5 $337,480.00 500-Year 0 $0 Total 5 $337,480.00 Source:FEMA,NOAA,Monroe County LMS Working Group moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I . d Juidsdcdonal I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02,age 399 901 C4 0 � zeo �(\ ±p ) ^ ( �% ...................... . � \ . ¢ � Q � lie \ � \ � \ \ \ � , � ƒ 0 ` : w / 93 Z � d j \\ M O 114 ................. 8 4eX HHHIN v III 0 �m III RII'� HIS'' III�� O ICE t 2 oil � N �mw�4 � w � m w n ,lllo�l Z ��.Ln 7 ZWZQ iu �r a O III :4:E �' 3 ANNEX D:CITY OF LAYTON Table D.15 summarizes the acreage in the City of Layton that falls within the Functional Wildland Urban Interface(WUI),categorized into zones that describe the wildfire risk mitigation activities appropriate for each zone.Areas in the Functional WUI are those areas where development and building structures may intermix with burnable land cover.Approximately, 10 percent of the City of Layton is categorized as having direct exposure to wildfire risk within the Functional WUI. "III'"'aIIItille IIII").'1° II cuu�ctliuouu�allll lioldlllauuild dou^IIItmiiiii Illliiiteii face,l liltyof Ill aytouuli IIIIIIIIIIIIII ��IIII Direct Exposure 14 10% Indirect Exposure - 0% Critical Fireshed 20 14% Sources of Ember Load to Buildings 34 23% Little to No Exposure 51 36�Yo Water 25 17'Yo ((� i Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment Figure D-10 depicts the Functional WUI for Layton. Figure D-I I depicts Burn Probability based on landscape conditions,percentile weather,historical ignition patterns,and historical prevention and suppression efforts.Fire Intensity Scale,which indicates the potential severity of fire based on fuel loads, topography,and other factors, is depicted in Figure D-12. Almost all of the outer edge of the City of Layton is within the Functional WUI and rated with direct exposure to wildfire. The conservation half of the city is within the Function WUI and rated with primarily sources of ember load to buildings and critical fireshded. Where there is a rating for burn probability,mainly in the eastern half of the City, it is low; otherwise,much of the developed portion of the city is without a burn probability rating. There eastern half of the City has moderate characteristic fire intensity,but the developed half of the City has very few areas with any ratings on the characteristic fire intensity scale. Table D.16 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to wildfire risk on the Functional WUI scale. aIIIP Mlle IIII'"1 16 (:iriotliocwl III'acliollllkies IIII'Illllxlll,)ased'to Wlil dflilllllre,1„�lilrty of Ills aytouu i Type Critical Facility Count Structure Value Communications 0 $0 Energy 0 $0 Food,Hydration,Shelter 0 $0 Hazardous Materials 0 $0 Health and Medical 0 $0 Safety and Security 0 $0 Transportation 0 $0 Water Systems 0 $0 moinioe . �.ol.du,w,w,«„a u. u� MullLii..ni,didsdiM,:Liia nal I.,.ocallI II ud aLuon aiwi.dau y ..G�26 ,. 904 ANNEX D:CITY OF LAYTON Type Critical Facility Count Structure Value Total O $O Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment,Monroe County LMS Working Group Mau'll o e w.,, �oi.du,yL,wp„II'""IL. SIG" wfli.slld.. ui u.,w iiM,:tbi,4 I.,.ocallI II ud ILL oi� y ..G�26 �iwi.dl�u". 905 m 0 r 291gA m , �4 4 a"n d I a uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu �Y uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu Illlllllllllli � � - �, Y �I I , III f I uuu uu uuuuuu n� �ml �m Ha Y ulHH � E �w h to ix u e Y G u as Z I di 2 " N a a t ti 0 m- O a I �m H�H�HIN tr a+ o c o N Ha ra �c a um a ul 0 a a 0 c :v cs o o � a co 0 � ^ ®2 �\ \ ±p ) ^ �\ ` A � � A > , . / z 0 \ \ ® ® - - ® ` ! 7 n \ � 0 \ � : \ \ m � >\ All, ; x z { 2. z 4 & ~ 3 zt LLIW s o c H *' o c u CD o c J is V, f0 (C C C o c C u L C d Q M _ca Q. j rn N E J C M C C 3 � � C< U a w 0 u o t' o c Ira °oi 4' 4- C: c +. > > a a` •o = _ •L a d d ad 0 d i M u C a a L a a � a � N N J C _ N C N LL C 70 N u N p J O �+ N � C _r N N CD N LL. 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V E ° § o 2 ' � O E § � o ) tn :3 CL CL @ m U I D R J � / � S C $ o 0 a a � � a ■ � � ± § k 0 � N 0 2 5 tn ■ 0 \ ■ u e § u $ L 2 CL o o LL ■ e x � 2 > % / k / : \ / % / 2 m 0) c in f E E m S ■ ■ E @ � E ; 3 0 $ § ■ E _s 2 ' ƒ J f $ R 7 k E w k o k 2 / R 3 § -0 ° CL CL @ @ o @ M \ 2 � ° 7 ƒ § w 2 u ' » 'n -a CL ■ CL E 5 < 2 Q £ < W@ � / r C V) C o ° / : » $ o o \ \ � @ o U = o ■ : mw E c ° c § ¢ § 5 w § / in W u ° / /_ o t W § - 2 7 § E ' © o E o ' / M W g § > � ° m > n @ 2 2 � \ § ° § � � S \ / f / \ p L 2 @ g \ f i ® § k CL / $ / Q « ■ - $ e g o � C) \ : E w = > s z EFU k f § / k k k § J k I § J \ J \ 1 % k 3 % \ q § 2 - 0 C V § 2 : \ § o \ d n I U I is _ z ■ r Q LLIW � q b � 0 0 0 o 7 § © 0 O c Z, 2� -a 2� 2� @ $ o 0 o % o f o k C Mn Q § 2 \ R \ § \ R \ E [ U @ : ° 2 ° : ° ' 0 : Z. k k k k k / / \ ƒ U E 0 o / � Fa U / n / Im S $ ■ / � o � U@ Q 2 @ ° � � w ( § 0 @ @ a s a a z a a a s � � I I I I I a ■ � 0 & C & & © 2 & _ w — ■ in o 0 ■ 5 E ® U _j -i u 0 U ° ° ' (n o $ $ 0 § e 2 2 § « « ® o ( § k ƒ § $ § k k — — � e U e U < < _� in R E _k § 7 ° ° 2 � Z CO - � ° � � E k 2 a) CD 0 4 sra 0 ° ° � M - � � 2 2 @ 0 / E . . @ E _ / 2 § 2 $ \ \41 E E � � \ E : @ c I E o o ° 4 W I e : / § ° / E k o = cl 4- m § k in o f \ 2CL ' m C@ @0. ° = E z I U § f z 2 3 / f w ƒ m R M I z I k q q q k k § c - c - c - c c u @ ° CL ■ ° ■ ° @ I @ Q @ c 5 p c 5 p c 5 @Z 9 @Z 9 \ § j \ § j \ § j \ § j \ § j \ © n I U I I U I I U I I U I I U I is LLI z � ■ p ( _ Q � g oLLI0 o o / o 0 § k k Ct � © la l la CD la � 06 u c a 0 & � cE f � 2 o C o k E J U n / 2 2 w • D CL . CL � LL k 3 R j D 2 2 D (a i \ 2 2 U C / / — ■ ■ u u ■ ° ra @ S : E 2 ■ ■ CL $ > @ 7 o � \ � 0 2 ' 2 ' o o w O a a a a a w w a k 06 w d J � � I I I I I IL ■ � .6 ± § ® N N N N v W A. 'S o 2 . s M >CD — e J ■ 2 u ' 0 k � — 3 0 § / A k N 0 w ° 2 ° ƒ k U k k k f U k \ § / � § 7 o R n W k k k k m ? E u > Q. -0 Mn c 5 AL c U) e k + + ° t E w U _ m m e 2 » � / ° o — _ ° � 2 R o = E E f u@ u = � o c 2 u § $ 7 / � � % 5 § 7 2 k ] E / [ \ / k © § ko e u _ c ■ _ o / - ° \ V) u u : o E R c E u 2 (n - $ $ R ■ - — $ w 2 e ■ 0 @ _ 2 +_ 2 = @ # e « \ (n [ § � # , CP � 3 E F # CD E E ° ° § § � —5 § § " . § , m a E / @ c u E wCL z E I � e w E : R f # 2 3 2 2 u 3 § k ' 13 2 1 ƒ k c � / a � a o IN 0 c ■ c 0 � o Z. 0 / 0 0 0 / 2 2 c c ■ c c ' c m E u u E u u # M 0 0 A. 0 0 M 0 0 (D2 a) § — W § m (a u n I U I I U 12 m 3 m R I 2 is _ z ■ R / 2 « � LLI0 0 0 � 0 Ld 0 p p p _ § § m m -i -i � � % % 0 Z, U U U a t 0 0 k o � § > > > @ a) a) a a a � � I I I a ■ � & m k ® 0 2 § / \ k 0 / k / k « u U u u � � ■ — ■ - 3 O W $ O § $ O § E E -0 E E E E o 0 k —u U) 0 k 2 k E U w f U LL a U R 0 � _ 0 / § / § / tn Q \ AL LL k k / § k 0) m ° k ° k k \ c E ■ CL 0 m - CD> / / k co E / k k E § / 2 e k � k k Q 7 o $ U) [ ° _0 k ■ j f > & cn 0 E � : S $ C 0 k 5 [ f / ° ƒ C ' @ ' W U @ e a) a 41 o + - (a z Q E o « J R E m D V) CL 2 % I \ _ ■ Oc in 0 0 0 O is z ■ q q / Q � ANNEX E:CITY OF MARATHON .III III NVk11 I II f The City of Marathon and the LMS Working Group provided a local inventory of critical facilities and community lifelines,which are a priority for mitigation planning and emergency management. Lifelines are the most fundamental services in the community that,when stabilized,enable all other aspects of society to function. Table E.1 provides a count of critical facilities by FEMA lifeline category in the City of Marathon. Figure E-1 shows the locations of all critical facilities in the City of Marathon. Table E.2 provides a detailed inventory of the critical facilities in the City of Marathon,indicating each facility's FEMA lifeline category,flood zone, 1%annual chance flood depth, sea level rise, storm surge, and wildfire.More information on hazard vulnerability is provided in the hazard profiles. alllh lllloIIIIIIIII'' I 1„ IIII^lio't'lcallll III aclolllio'dies,l„�lilrtyo'fIllMaira'tllliouull Facility Type Count of Facility Type Structure Value Communications 0 $0 Energy 3 $4,700,817 Food, Hydration,Shelter 6 $96,682,422 Hazardous Materials 0 $0 Health and Medical 6 $23,262,174 Safety and Security 22 $56,975,281 Transportation 1 $2,500,387 Water Systems 8 $3,802,861 Total 46 $187,923,941 Source:LMS Working Group,GIS Analysis moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I+ . d Juidsdcdonal I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02 914 In �1,4 II'D VWx4 al CP m 4W;V Ml I i / o uuuiii I ����i II ' t 0Mi m Olt LL u U i l W Z " w u o ul ul a m lA C Ii C O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 7 lA s a o) 0 y 0 O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O l O O O O O O O O O 0 O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 7 to V) V) V) to V) to V) V) V) V) to V) to V) V) V) V) to to to to to to to to (A V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) V) Go y ::4 c H c m O IW Q li N Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q .o s tO VI — N, 00 Q It VI p M O O m 0 Na! N a0 rt `t N O In li O iri N 4 O IV O Vi N O O 4 O O M N — :r O IV IV O O p � O a0 r O 9 Ln O a0 aD N 0) N M O co O N N O O of ao Ir? 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N O_ N O_ 2 W O t ix) l L E O V >, >, >, >, >, >, >, >, >, >, >, >, >, >, >, >, >, >, >, >, y y O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O C O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 7 to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to H to to to to to to to to to to to to to N N N N N N N li H m Q Q C p 2 p 2 2 J J Z Z Z Z Z Z 3 IW o to ti N Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q .o s 0 O gQg�. to O O n cQ O p0 O O O to M n N t0 t\ N ti O to tp O O :r O ri N O to O to iI rn O O OIN 0 H+O+ —m7t➢ t OO O O O OO t pO OM O OM OCID OpO co p co OM OOO 2 IN IN O td In n tM0 M NC pp tptpNOO INOto N 00 M 0 r N n ry M n O O pM O O O to 01 N N w to NOM Aa Z Z 3 m w w 10 N U U O1 _ U p p O U M m 0) _ O 0] M y tn = N N O III IIIW N W V, M to m = m 2 2O O H m W IIIN N W W J m — Y LL � h Y > ; m ix ix W } � > a po O > > O O p O p � O � M p � M p � M pY > o O 01 Ln N 'o N o M M to M 2 0 M ,, 0 2 H tp M M m C* Q to O 'O c p m 0 m to to 00 M O U 00 _U O to 000 O N 0) _U O toto o Q Y MO! MO! to to M OT M2 M2IT W coo2ITw N2 'T Ln O O co OQ OQ OQ OQ OQ OQ OQ OQ 0 m O O O a+ a+ a+ a+ a+ O O O O O ' Q. >uC C C C C iXP x p C C C a) a) (U C C C C C Ff t C C C C C O}I av'h L w w w w Q LLL W 2 W W 0 0 0 > U U W W W W W W > > > > LL C m mu urf Q (V O w U U U N U U U w w U U N N N N ..I V m m to to to m to to to to to m m m m LU 0 %a = _ m m m N m m m m m N N N N J Z f O m m O ro m 2 ,2 a m w w w m m � � m m m m m a) Z LL LL to = 0 to = v) v) to �: to to to = = to to w ANNEX E:CITY OF MARATHON IIII Illf IIII IIIIASSIIII''''''''''' III IIII III This section contains a summary of the City of Marathon's asset inventory as well as hazard profile and vulnerability assessment for those hazards that are spatially defined and have variations in risk that could be evaluated quantitatively on a jurisdictional level. The hazards included in this section are: Flood, Sea Level Rise, Storm Surge,and Wildfire. Table E.3 details the acreage of Marathon's total area by flood zone on the effective DFIRM; it also shows a comparison to the preliminary DFIRM released in December 2019. 100 percent of Marathon falls within the mapped 1%-annual-chance floodplains;this would drop to 99.6 percent on the 2019 preliminary maps. The data in this risk assessment is based off FEMA's 2005 DFIRM. Figure E-2 reflects the effective mapped flood hazard zones for Marathon while Figure E-3 displays the 2019 preliminary map. 211Li' III IIIIIIIII' P' III�!!!Icod P IIIIiIe Aciiiipage IIIIIIIIiI 111 2IIII^ ''IIIioiIIIlI Effective DFIRM(2005) Preliminary DFIRM(2019) Change from Flood Zone Percent of Percent of Effective Acreage Total(%) Acreage Total(%) (acres) AE 4,857.5 87.6% 4,664.8 84.1% -192.7 VE 686.9 12.4% 860.3 15.5% 173.4 AO 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.2%Annual Chance Flood 0.3 0.0% 18.4 0.3% 18.1 Hazard Unshaded X 0.0 0.0% 1.3 0.0% 1.3 Open Water 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Total 5,544.7 100.0% 5,544.7 100.0% 0.0 SFHA Total 5,544.4 100.0% 5,5253 1 99.6% -193 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM Note:The differences between the effective FIRM and the preliminary FIRM are significant will likely still change.These details are provided here only as a comparison-all further flood analysis is based in the 2005 Effective DFIRM. Table EA and Table E.5 provide building counts and estimated damages by occupancy type for the 1% annual chance flood event using both the effective and preliminary DFIRM. Figure E-4 and Figure E-5 display the effective and preliminary depth of flooding estimated to occur in these areas during the 1%- annual-chance flood. oII",Iioe . �.oLdll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IW� I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 918 ANNEX E:CITY OF MARATHON 9 II I �'I�alllh�llllc IIIIIIIIII'.d IIIIIIIIIIcuuuu°'ul�l�a'L'ad IIIIII'uauullllduuuu^�I IIII."lauu°'ul��a :'''����auu^:Id�"„:nuufteuui Illl nrr "1 :�luuil �zllll�„:Ilh�auuilce IIII'Illln��d IIIIIIIIII'r�'�euuva III"11111'IIIIII1111... d 1„�lilr yn'f III ail°'&'ll10111u l Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Commercial 758 $869,428,472 $29,487,582 $100,851,165 $130,338,747 15% Educational 12 $5,922,994 $230,417 $1,475,593 $1,706,010 29% Government 124 $259,360,140 $526,201 $3,303,194 $3,829,394 1% Industrial 118 $61,538,466 $1,067,323 $3,263,081 $4,330,404 7% Religious 25 $20,601,826 $114,051 $732,345 $846,396 4% Residential 5,151 $2,727,540,614 $489,333,939 $242,928,441 $732,262,380 27% Total 6,188 $3,944,392,514 $520,759,513 $352,553,818 $873,313,331 22% Source:HAZUS,FEMA Effective DFIRM wll 8' III�allll�llllc Illk � IIIk rLuluuul���sLtmd Illluauulllduuuu^�I 11111auuuln�zy�� �auu^:Id�"„�nuu� euu� Ill ,rr,1 :�luuilu�zllll�„�Ill�auu�lc IIII Illln��d IIII uuellluuuuul�uuuu�lauu 111111111 IIIIIIIIIII , „�lilr y af 111 ail°v''ll10uu l Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Commercial 758 $869,428,472 $34,578,072 $118,673,109 $153,251,181 18% Educational 12 $5,922,994 $229,001 $1,474,146 $1,703,146 29% Government 124 $259,360,140 $1,014,307 $6,277,122 $7,291,429 3% Industrial 118 $61,538,466 $1,400,440 $4,342,163 $5,742,603 9% Religious 25 $20,601,826 $137,610 $1,112,229 $1,249,839 6% Residential 5,079 $2,680,775,404 $639,200,660 $318,045,297 $957,245,957 36% Total 6,116 $3,897,627,303 $676,560,090 $449,924,066 $1,126,484,156 29% Source:HAZUS,FEMA Preliminary Table E.6 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by flood zone in the City of Marathon. alllh llllc IIIIIIIIII'd"1„:IIII,ftliocWl IIII aclilllllllill''lines IIIIIIIIPiallll' ccc^d'to IIII'Illbodlil IIII:y,1„�lilr y of III ii,a'lll°wllll^:I Flood Zone Critical Facility Count Structure Value Zone AE 46 $187,297,378.29 Zone X(500-year) 0 $0 Zone X Unshaded 0 $0 Total 46 $187,297,378.29 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM,LMS Working Group vou°°lioe "�oLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I+ . d Juidsdcdoi,4 I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�IWN�II"y ..02 919 O N w wwwwwwww wwwwwwww----- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- uy10 1, .rt " W r � CY ulli�lm mm�I�jIIIIIIII � ��IV�IIIIIII ullll ili F�:w u� IICr III �Iw�l lml \w Z I� �I ...........................................�.� I CIS ` 11 QIII '� d' ctit LLLL a W u ;. LU a' u I� 611� LL �h II.M `di 4 w to r N Ilk �d cd a r err r„ jtl 17�: Gi 0 Cr q all, rt q Z w, tli O 1110 Q � o LL # p cur III LL c T 3 2 W W * a7 x lip LL LU Z <. 2 2IIW �qw uV � a 0 N ti N N Cr m- llluuu u zU' �r w III II ' IIII IS III�IIII� � aN,a ll 2 I A I1eio't m� +m 1 �Ire IL a;'ti1 LL 0 W IfJ � w � m G.°" V m Y Q W dj _, a Zmlllll 2 � III, " 3 .. � O am ti CW) C14 ---------------------- .............. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 0 "Ic III Cr 0 II II i all, JICII all, 0 III "Ic z 0 x LL �2 CQ 0 .......... 110 9 CP all, LL WA :5 2 LU x IIIIIIIN LL Lh LLI E di ANNEX E:CITY OF MARATHON II" III........." .... The City of Marathon joined the NFIP through regular entry in October 2000. The City is a participant in the Community Rating System and is a Class 6 community.The following tables reflect NFIP policy and claims data for the City categorized by structure type,flood zone,Pre-FIRM and Post-FIRM. aIIlhWlllla IIIIIIIIII'."' .""""III'Itllll''lll W IIII'Wodlllliocy ail°Wd 1„ Illalill i,iinns IIII"ta't'a IIIh,Wy d'tirucctuire""III"' llll'o Number of Number of Total Insurance in Total of Closed Structure Type Policies in Closed Paid Premium Force Paid Losses Force Losses Single Family 1,623 $2,903,588 $450,686,000 1,957 $68,393,049.00 2-4 Family 167 $271,460 $42,503,000 266 $12,136,739.03 All Other 735 $653,254 $159,348,000 143 $13,864,399.33 Residential Non-Residential 238 $1,110,114 $105,717,000 359 $18,332,687.28 Total 2,763 $4,938,416 1 $758,254,000 2,725 $112,726,874.64 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 aIIlhWllllc IIIIIIIIII'd tllll''llll W IIII'Wollllilcy auuWld( Illlallll i,iinns IIII")a'ta IIIh,Wy IIII''llllo'o'd' Pool°Wc Number Number of Flood Zone of Policies Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Paid Losses in Force Losses A01-30&AE Zones 2,666 $4,525,798 $733,221,000 2,566 $104,796,731.64 V01-30&VE Zones 1 96 $411,123 $24,783,000 159 $7,930,143.00 B,C&X Zone Standard 1 $1,495 $250,000 0 $0.00 Total Z763 $4,938,416 $758,254,000 2,725 $112,726,874.64 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 aIIlhWllllc IIIIIIIIII'd"""'III°tllll''llll W IIII'Wollllilcy auuWld( Illlallll i,iinns IIII")a'ta IIII'Wllllmo""'llll''llll t'Illd Number Number of Flood Zone of Policies Total Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Premium Force Paid Losses in Force Losses A01-30&AE 1,103 $2,788,627 $264,900,000 1,654 $94,297,144.12 Zones V01-30&VE 42 $196,128 $10,537,000 109 $7,070,900.18 Zones Total 1,145 $2,984,755 1 $275,437,000 1,763 $101,368,044.30 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 aIIlhWllllc IIIIIIIII'10"""'III°itllll IIIIIIIW IIII''Wrmlllllllcy allllid t„ Illalllii,i'iins IIII'ta'ta IIII''Wo's't'""'IIII IIIIIIIt'III Number of Total Insurance in Number of Total of Closed Flood Zone Policies in Closed Paid Premium Force Paid Losses Force Losses A01-30& AE 1,563 $1,737,171 $468,321,000 912 $10,499,587.52 Zones V01-30&VE Zones 54 $214,995 $14,246,000 50 $859,242.82 + . d JuidsWctbi4 I ocall fiL„aLoI I Strategy n�IWN�II"y ..02 924 ANNEX E:CITY OF MARATHON Number of Total Insurance in Number of Total of Closed Flood Zone Policies in Closed Paid Premium Force Paid Losses Force Losses B,C& X Zone 1 $1,495 $250,000 0 $0.00 Standard 1 1 1 $1,495 1 $250,000 1 0 1 $0.00 Total 1 1,618 1 $1,953,661 1 $482,817,000 962 $11,358,830.34 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 CON7 INUED NFIP COMPLIANCE The City entered the NFIP when it incorporated in 2000 by adoption of an ordinance that complies with the requirement of the program. To continue compliance with the NFIP,the City will: — Enforce the adopted floodplain management ordinance,including reviewing all development proposals in any flood hazard area and enforcing the requirements of the ordinance, and inspecting both permitted development and unpermitted activities; — Maintain records pertaining to floodplain development,including flood maps and Letters of Map Change,which shall be available for public inspection; — Notify the public when there are proposed changes to the ordinance or FIRMS; — Implement activities recognized by the NFIPs; and — Promote the purchase of NFIP flood insurance policies as financial protection; 0II""III"0e gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ ag 925 ANNEX E:CITY OF MARATHON Table E.11 details the number of all buildings affected by sea level rise in the City of Marathon following the NOAA sea level rise projections of intermediate low and intermediate high scenarios. alllhslllla IIIIIIIIII' 1"1""""All IIIIII'tcliullldliuuu�lycAffected IllhsySea IIII evvllll IIII'1!lillse,(:1 yof ftliraUIiolii1i Estimated Estimated Content Occupancy Building Structure Value Value Total Value Count 2040 NIL 2,725 1,041,764,486 602,575,349 1,413,372,770 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 254 $137,211,467 $137,211,467 $243,893,516 Education 2 $421,401 $421,401 $842,802 Government 27 $15,228,649 $15,228,649 $30,457,297 Industrial 22 $4,319,827 $6,479,741 $10,799,569 Religious 6 $1,885,040 $1,885,040 $3,770,080 Residential 2414 $882,698,102 $441,349,051 $1,123,609,506 2040 NIH 3,859 1,449,731,265 859,486,387 1,965,590,897 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 358 $181,892,197 $181,892,197 $324,704,952 Education 7 $2,241,358 $2,241,358 $2,047,110 Government 58 $66,098,197 $66,098,197 $132,196,395 Industrial 35 $6,819,033 $10,228,550 $16,868,760 Religious 10 $5,371,690 $5,371,690 $10,743,381 Residential 3391 $1,187,308,789 $593,654,395 $1,479,030,299 Source:HAZUS,NOAA,Monroe County Parcel Data Figure E-6 and Figure E-7 display NOAA 2040 intermediate low and high sea level rise scenarios for the City of Marathon. Table E.12 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to sea level rise based on NOAA intermediate low and high scenarios. alllhsllllc IIIIIIIII 12"""'( IIII^lilrtlillcallll IIII aclil Ill lilrtlilles IIIIIIIII aI,)o'"sed to Sea IIII vvallll IIIIt"lilse,1�lilrty of III'daliratllllIlla sill Highest Level of SLR Critical Facility Count Structure Value 2040 NIL 1 $118,015.00 NOAA aft 3 $642,403.12 2040 NIH 3 $1,863,914.00 Total 7 $2,624,33232 Source:NOAA,Monroe County LMS Working Group morioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I . d JuidsOcdonal I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02 ago IrIiP'"u 926 ti N Li �W 1 L c W Po u uW I I� Cr u O Z p N a�H W , LL J 0 �i di III IIII "I::: co N pppIIYY am. �, IIII�II�� h c�H 4x", I yy�� IW u°I 9b1t i �u C P A'I N I XXI �re w tP m a 0 m _ U iWl; C It O LL Ii,u 2 a Z iw Q G , r wr�w a w i i �d'w�6au u 0 I ,wii� W c _ a x lipZ k Ills 7 ANNEX E:CITY OF MARATHON Table E.13 summarizes the number of buildings in the City of Marathon that will be impacted by 100-yr and 500-yr storm surge events. Figure E-8 shows potential storm surge inundation for a 100-yr storm surge event and Figure E-9 shows inundation for the 500-yr storm surge event. sllll'bIllle IIIIIIIII'' 1d'"O'1:'e'lirIIII"iin 0ulirge IIIIIIIIPi'ellY o'sullll^ IIhby"100'yi,ullll:Id I!I 00""'YIIII^IIIIIIIIII'eellll� ,1"�lill'ty Of IIftlirat'lllhIC111l11 Estimated Building Structure Value Estimated Content Total Value Occupancy Count Value 100yr 5,989 $2,354,625,316 $1,490,267,792 $3,844,893,108 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 756 $434,226,459 $434,226,459 $868,452,918 Education 12 $2,961,497 $2,961,497 $5,922,994 Government 122 $129,190,625 $129,190,625 $258,381,250 Industrial 118 $24,615,386 $36,923,080 $61,538,466 Religious 25 $10,300,913 $10,300,913 $20,601,826 Residential 4,956 $1,753,330,435 $876,665,217 $2,629,995,652 500yr 5,991 $2,355,113,093 $1,490,755,569 $3,845,868,662 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 758 $434,714,236 $434,714,236 $869,428,472 Education 12 $2,961,497 $2,961,497 $5,922,994 Government 122 $129,190,625 $129,190,625 $258,381,250 Industrial 118 $24,615,386 $36,923,080 $61,538,466 Religious 25 $10,300,913 $10,300,913 $20,601,826 Residential 4,956 $1,753,330,435 $876,665,217 $2,629,995,652 Source:FEMA,NOAA,Monroe County Parcels Table E.14 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to storm surge based on 100 and 500-year storm surge events. ulllhslllle IIIIIIIII 1 uu""""(:irliotliocullll IIII eclilllllilrtlioes IIIIIllllxllll'so'sed't'o O't'airiiu°,uls 0uirge,l„�Iilrty of 1110airatllhoul° Storm Surge Category Critical Facility Count Structure Value 100-Year 45 $173,531,619.29 500-Year 1 $13,765,759.00 Total 46 $187,297,378.29 Source:FEMA,NOAA,Monroe County LMS Working Group moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... 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II Q Ill dll ANNEX E:CITY OF MARATHON Table E.15 summarizes the acreage in the City of Marathon that falls within the Functional Wildland Urban Interface(WUI),categorized into zones that describe the wildfire risk mitigation activities appropriate for each zone.Areas in the Functional WUI are those areas where development and building structures may intermix with burnable land cover.Approximately, 9 percent of the City of Marathon is categorized as having direct exposure to wildfire risk within the Functional WUI. alllh lllleIIIIIIIIII' i° II uuu�le Iiueuu�lallll Iiollll&aiiiddIIII^Il auuilIllliiiteiirrace,1„�Iilrtyc!III ii,& 111^Ieuull Direct Exposure 507 9% Indirect Exposure 0% Critical Fireshed 1,803 33% Sources of Ember Load to Buildings 697 13% Little to No Exposure 2,124 39�Yo Water 265 5% / t ii i Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment Figure E-10 depicts the Functional WUI for Marathon. Figure E-I I depicts Burn Probability based on landscape conditions,percentile weather,historical ignition patterns,and historical prevention and suppression efforts.Fire Intensity Scale,which indicates the potential severity of fire based on fuel loads, topography,and other factors, is depicted in Figure E-12. Much of the City of Marathon is within the Functional WUI; small areas of direct exposure are found along the outer edge of the City with larger groups of critical fire shed being found on Fat Deer Key, Long Point Key,and Boot Key. Where there is a rating for burn probability, scattered throughout the City,it is low;however,there are some larger groupings of moderate to high burn probability located on the eastern and western sides of the City. There are small areas of higher characteristic fire intensity particularly in northeastern Marathon,but large swaths of the City are not rated on the characteristic fire intensity scale. Areas outside of the Functional WUI are the largest areas rated for characteristic fire intensity. Table E.16 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to wildfire risk on the Functional WUI scale. 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 932 ANNEX E:CITY OF MARATHON clllh llllc IIIIIIIII' IC 1„ IIII^lilrtlillczllll IIII oclilllllilrtles IIIIIIIIPicllll'occd'to lilllldflillllrp,1„�lilrt of IIftiraflllilouuil Type Critical Facility Count Structure Value Communications 0 $0 Energy 0 $0 Food,Hydration,Shelter 0 $0 Hazardous Materials 0 $0 Health and Medical 0 $0 Safety and Security 1 $1,548,250.00 Transportation 0 $0 Water Systems 1 $118,015.00 Total 2 $1,666,265.00 Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment,Monroe County LMS Working Group Mau°°,1110 C01,01l"'1Ly„II""IL... 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U k k k k e U U) c ■ § 2 / � 3 § E � u 2 ■ $ M 2 § P 2 f k f ƒ _ E in E U M u — u ° $ m u 2 / \ R uAL @ @ 2 : > / / _© # @ 2 2 I U 0 ° 2 ' 0 / E c � o @ ° o e § 4 S � © E @ o § § / r4 U) E 7 E q = m S 3 ■ k 0 $ E / L � 2 @ � u « $ u � : — � u0 LL: in _ _ � E 2in k % q / 2 ■ § E � / 2 ° / @ R 0 k " k o � § w c w E ms \ � f xw � a C R � u c J@ O c U w LL L I e $ £ 0 � K p 2 k 2 k k k k k ■ E u � L- ■ u k / 2 I \ CD I I I CD w z V ■ / q S b 2 Q � Ln r V ia V) A) Q D a c. o 10 0 IS a m co l0 Ol � U Ol d 3 g VVV N a` .o = a da tll 0 d i N u C a Q .yi N a NL 'o a x a Q = O O c O a) LL Q. C L C N M w Q � Q O Q 3 a)."_ z 4ra ' F LL N Q C O LL 0 t O s H ca V n LU z # 00 4 Q ANNEX F:ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS owu owu S III III f The Islamorada Village of Islands and the LMS Working Group provided a local inventory of critical facilities and community lifelines,which are a priority for mitigation planning and emergency management. Lifelines are the most fundamental services in the community that,when stabilized,enable all other aspects of society to function. Table F.1 provides a count of critical facilities by FEMA lifeline category in the Islamorada Village of Islands. Figure F-1 shows the locations of all critical facilities in Islamorada. Table F.2 provides a detailed inventory of the critical facilities in Islamorada,indicating each facility's FEMA lifeline category,flood zone, 1%annual chance flood depth, sea level rise, storm surge, and wildfire. More information on hazard vulnerability is provided in the hazard profiles. alllh Mlle IIII'i 1„ uumliftjcallll III acliollll tjes,Illlcll*ia°iinairada VU lWgeof Illsllllauuids Facility Type Count of Facility Type Structure Value Communications 0 $0 Energy 2 $17,839,784 Food, Hydration,Shelter 8 $89,810,667 Hazardous Materials 0 $0 Health and Medical 3 $1,877,977 Safety and Security 12 $57,334,259 Transportation 0 $0 Water Systems 7 $2,086,707 Total 32 $169,899,327 Source:LMS Working Group,GIS Analysis moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I . d Juidsdcdonal I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02 942 M IW I I i ° J I, �a WY H o 0 N LL r I �I O LU IS H uu r. LL N a �a W f ai CU !I Re A C a�+ LL C O O N O O O O O O O O O O O O O M O O O O 0 7 y a+ s � a�iQ W +� m 0 0 0 0 0 O 0 0 0 O 0 0 0 O 0 0 0 0 0 c o o l L o 0 0 o O o L o L L o o Ln Ln f7 to to to N N N to to to to to N N N to N to to to w to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to � M C J ,. 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The hazards included in this section are: Flood, Sea Level Rise, Storm Surge,and Wildfire. Table F.3 details the acreage of Islamorada's total area by flood zone on the effective DFIRM; it also shows a comparison to the preliminary DFIRM released in December 2019.Nearly 93 percent of Islamorada falls within the mapped 1%-annual-chance floodplains;this would drop to approximately 90 percent on the 2019 preliminary maps. The data in this risk assessment is based off FEMA's 2005 DFIRM.Figure F-2 reflects the effective mapped flood hazard zones for Islamorada while Figure F-3 displays the 2019 preliminary map. alllbbllle IIII' P III Illaa ' Pauu le Aciiii,eage Ii iii IlllSllauu°Iunciivlda Effective DFIRM(2005) Preliminary DFIRM(2019) Change from Flood Zone Percent of Percent of Effective Acreage Total(%) Acreage Total(%) (acres) AE 3,412.5 75.7% 3,538.3 78.5% 125.8 VE 755.6 16.8% 503.4 11.2% -252.2 AO 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.2%Annual 144.1 3.2% 357.0 7.9% 212.9 Chance Flood Hazard Unshaded X 194.4 4.3% 107.9 2.4% -86.5 Open Water 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Total 4,506.6 100.0% 4,506.6 100.0% 0.0 SFHA Total 4,1683 1 92.5% 4,041.8 1 89.7% -126.3 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM Note:The differences between the effective FIRM and the preliminary FIRM are significant will likely still change.These details are provided here only as a comparison-all further flood analysis is based in the 2005 Effective DFIRM. Table F.4 and Table F.5 provide building counts and estimated damages by occupancy type for the 1% annual chance flood event using both the effective and preliminary DFIRM. Figure F-4 and Figure F-5 display the effective and preliminary depth of flooding estimated to occur in these areas during the 1%- annual-chance flood. oII",Iioe . �.oLdll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IW� I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ I,age zil�"II 946 ANNEX F:ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS II allll'allllo IIII'd II stfill"'iiilda'ted IIIIII'tallllllldllllllll lg IIII."tallll"'lllaago allll:Id t ollllit'eliiit Illl ass,"1II' :^:IIIIiivalll t IIII^mlaliiicc IIII'Illlood IIIIIIIIII'''ac'fllllaa IIII."tllll'IIII tlll lclllauu°'luaoii,ada liollllllllago of IlllalllWiiiIds Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Commercial 600 $737,500,997 $14,927,694 $49,892,178 $64,819,872 9% Educational 7 $11,854,160 $51,584 $311,423 $363,007 3% Government 40 $138,199,770 $165,698 $1,009,905 $1,175,603 1% Industrial 29 $23,295,509 $130,815 $378,057 $508,873 2% Religious 13 $16,410,732 $23,214 $175,326 $198,539 1% Residential 4,865 $3,478,873,862 $582,951,224 $289,259,509 $872,210,733 25% Total 5,554 $4,406135,030 $598,250,229 $341,026,397 $939,276,627 21% Source:HAZUS,FEMA Effective DFIRM wll 8' �alllhallllo IIII'�Ild....IIIIIIIIII'cuuuu°'ula�a't' � IIIIIItuauullllduuuu^:Ig IIII.""�auu°'ula�ag:'''����auu^:d�„:ouu^:tcuu^:rt'Illl occ,"1 d :^:luu^:la�allll�„IIII^�auu^:Ica IIII'Illlood IIII uu^ollluuuu°'ulauuuu^:I�auud IIII."tllll'Illllllltlll , lclllauu°'luaoii,ada liollllllllago of IlllalllWiiiIds Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Loss Buildings (Building& Building Type Content Loss Total Damage Ratio with Loss Contents) Damage Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Commercial 10 $27,492,958 $102,883 $301,117 $404,001 1% Educational 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Government 8 $5,092,002 $40,712 $250,685 $291,397 6% Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Religious 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Residential 1,381 $982,326,817 $188,595,751 $94,362,208 $282,957,959 29% Total 1,399 $1,014,911,777 $188,739,347 $94,914,010 $283,653,357 28% Source:HAZUS,FEMA Preliminary Table F.6 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by flood zone in the Islamorada Village of Islands. alllhallllo IIII' d (:ii,iot'liocallll IIII'aclilllllio'ties IIII'Illllollll'ao"aod't'o IIII'Illloodfiiillg,Illlclllaii°nouumada liollllllage of IlllalllWiiiIda Flood Zone Critical Facility Count Structure Value Zone AE 20 $107,843,434.72 Zone X(500-year) 3 $19,087,836.24 Zone X Unshaded 8 $42,968,056.98 Total 31 $169,899,327.95 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM,LMS Working Group vou°°lioe "�oLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I+ . d JuHsOcdoi,4 I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�IWN�II"y ..02 947 co ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... IS 112 0 Ha 0 E 1112 M. f. IS III I I rr 0 z I 17L IIIIIIIN 0 LLI r. LL 01111 LE e 2 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ja IS II All ilk IS Cr dR J5, E, 0 Ilk lee. LU �oK IT m LL M x 0% LL L ¢Q III III� Lh ............... ...................... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. cm ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ha 2 0 E "Is III II III IS Cr AMER. z III LL LLI 0 400u ail LU ?A In < LL 4' 2 LU 3:5 LL x Wk III I " di z n 0 V) Tm, ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0 uuii E Cr II III all, III 1110 0 z Elm L ON LLI IH LL �21 400 a �11�, 2, �2 LL LU LL Lh ANNEX F:ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS II'' IG)IL... II" III........." ..i.. Islamorada Village of Islands joined the NFIP through regular entry in October 1998. The City is a participant in the Community Rating System and is a Class 6 community. The following tables reflect NFIP policy and claims data for the City categorized by structure type,flood zone,Pre-FIRM and Post- FIRM. aIIlhWlllle IIII'."' ' tllll'IIII W IIII'Wolllliocy algid( Illl;afii,,iins IIII")a'ta IIIhWy Z'tructuire""III"" IIII' e Number of Number of Total Insurance in Total of Closed Structure Type Policies in Closed Paid Premium Force Paid Losses Force Losses Single Family 1,602 $2,585,928 $485,538,000 703 $20,072,802.70 2-4 Family 125 $145,102 $29,856,000 40 $959,902.14 All Other 1,062 $563,258 $243,383,000 85 $7,040,870.20 Residential Non-Residential 256 $1,426,280 $122,993,000 253 $22,267,927.12 Total 3,045 $4,720,568 1 $881,770,000 1,081 $50,341,502.16 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 aIIlhWlllle I!!!A tllll'III W IIII'WodllHcyaul"Wd t„ Ill�allliii,,iins IIII"ta't'a IIIhWy IIII'Illlood't'I'olll°We Number Number of Flood Zone of Policies Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Paid Losses in Force Losses A01-30&AE Zones 2,730 $4,022,397 $787,930,000 934 $43,244,463.24 V01-30&VE Zones 1 159 $471,875 $40,626,000 122 $6,569,007.93 B,C&X Zone Standard 156 $226,296 $53,214,000 12 $427,791.74 Preferred 0 $0 $0 13 $100,239.25 Total 3,045 $4,720,568 $881,770,000 1,081 $50,341,502.16 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 aIIlhWlllle IIII' d°°°°III°itllll'III IW IIII'WodllHcy aliiWd't„ Ill�slllii,i'IUWs IIII'ta't'a IIII''WIIII^e°"'llll'IIIIIIIt'lll Number Number of Total of Flood Zone of Total Insurance in Closed Paid Closed Paid Policies Premium Force in Force Losses Losses A01-30 &AE 635 $2,047,386 $185,003,000 579 $37,677,610.42 Zones V01-30&VE 27 $158,698 $7,678,000 71 $4,195,599.48 Zones B,C &X Zone 36 $63,930 $12,843,000 14 $275,984.56 Standard 36 $63,930 $12,843,000 9 $207,063.71 Preferred 0 $0 $0 5 $68,920.85 Total 698 $2,270,014 $205,524,000 664 $42,149,194.46 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I+ . d Juids0cdoi4 I ocall fiL„aLoI I Strategy n�IWN�II"y ..02 952 ANNEX F:ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS sIIIh IIIIWW IIII'10 II'W!!!III W IIII!WcdIHcyaiiWd 1„ Illhaiii,WIWs IIII"fists IIII!)cst llll' 1III Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Premium Force Paid Losses Force Losses A01-30&AE Zones 2,095 $1,975,011 $602,927,000 355 $5,566,852.82 V01-30&VE Zones 132 $313,177 $32,948,000 51 $2,373,408.45 B,C&X Zone 120 $162,366 $40,371,000 11 $252,046.43 Standard 120 $162,366 $40,371,000 3 $220,728.03 Preferred 0 $0 $0 8 $31,318.40 Total Z347 $2,4SO,SS4 $676,246,000 417 $8,192,307.70 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed May 2025 COM INUED NFIP COMPLIANCE Islamorada entered the NFIP when it incorporated in 1997 by adoption of an ordinance that complies with the requirement of the program. To continue compliance with the NFIP,the Village will: — Enforce the adopted floodplain management ordinance,including reviewing all development proposals in the SFHA and enforcing the requirements of the ordinance,and inspecting both permitted development and unpermitted activities; — Maintain records pertaining to floodplain development,including flood maps and Letters of Map Change,which shall be available for public inspection; — Notify the public when there are proposed changes to the ordinance or FIRMS; — Implement activities recognized by the NFIPs CRS; and — Promote the purchase of NFIP flood insurance policies as financial protection; 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',w, „a u. u� gy ..02 Kidd Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ 953 ANNEX F:ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS Table F.I I details the number of all buildings affected by sea level rise in the Islamorada Village of Islands following the NOAA sea level rise projections of intermediate low and intermediate high scenarios. alllh Mlle AUl IIIIII'leliulllldliuul°cgs Affected Illh ySea Illl evelll IIII'1!'lilse,Illlsllllauu°iinairada !II lage of Illlsllllauuids Estimated Estimated Content Occupancy Building Structure Value Value Total Value Count 2040 NIL 2,057 1,087,285,617 605,981,179 1,495,980,796 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 139 $111,194,875 $111,194,875 $218,337,005 Education 0 $0 $0 $0 Government 7 $2,237,700 $2,237,700 $4,475,399 Industrial 9 $4,512,392 $6,768,587 $11,280,979 Religious 2 $2,219,383 $2,219,383 $4,438,766 Residential 1900 $967,121,267 $483,560,634 $1,257,448,646 2040 NIH 3,021 1,579,159,152 899,882,199 2,107,998,210 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 290 $204,316,757 $204,316,757 $346,912,272 Education 2 $1,487,904 $1,487,904 $2,975,807 Government 8 $2,321,746 $2,321,746 $4,643,491 Industrial 12 $4,721,989 $7,082,984 $11,804,973 Religious 5 $3,034,861 $3,034,861 $6,069,722 Residential 2704 $1,363,275,895 $681,637,948 $1,735,591,944 Source:HAZUS,NOAA,Monroe County Parcel Data Figure F-6 and Figure F-7 display NOAA 2040 intermediate low and high sea level rise scenarios for the Islamorada Village of Islands. Table F.12 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to sea level rise based on NOAA intermediate low and high scenarios. alllh Mlle IIII',"12 (:irlio't'liocallll III acliullllliu'tlles IIIIIIIIII'allll' cse^d'to Sea Illl evellll IIIIRlillse,Illlsllllauu°iinairada VflIWge of Illlsllllauuids Highest Level of SLR Critical Facility Count Structure Value 2040 NIL 1 $1,613,267.00 NOAA aft 1 $20,857,424.00 2040 NIH 2 $191,204.00 Total 4 $22,661,895.00 Source:NOAA,Monroe County LMS Working Group moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I . d Juidsdcdonal I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02 954 In � � .� < < \/ \ . \ / \ � 2 \\ & � � .� . . . . . . . � \ S w \ a LL \ o \ » \ : 0 K \ \\\ \ \w \ 1 0 A \ /\ _ 9 \ �\ z \ / z ® m III i...W u � err I 9 ,M, �u �I IS Cr m ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0il�; W m co a G m *� ° C .,IIW Q ilk o {. CO Sul Z v _ CO 0 .�a NII Y IL.. LL III W di CU '. Z pX p Q V) ANNEX F:ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS Table F.13 summarizes the number of buildings in Islamorada Village of Islands that will be impacted by 100-yr and 500-yr storm surge events.Figure F-8 shows potential storm surge inundation for a 100-yr storm surge event and Figure F-9 shows inundation for the 500-yr storm surge event. alllhbllllo IIII'.13 Stciriii°,ul Ouirg l IIIIIIIIoIIIP ouuul° Illhby'100 yi,auu ld II OO yi,IIIIIIIIII'oauu:t,Ill lulllWiiuiiinoirada VflIWge of Illlslllauuilds Estimated Building Structure Value Estimated Content Total Value Occupancy Count Value 100yr 5,620 $2,760,303,061 $1,605,849,956 $4,366,153,017 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 629 $382,233,262 $382,233,262 $764,466,523 Education 7 $5,927,080 $5,927,080 $11,854,160 Government 37 $34,468,736 $34,468,736 $68,937,473 Industrial 30 $9,444,577 $14,166,865 $23,611,441 Religious 18 $9,878,619 $9,878,619 $19,757,238 Residential 4,899 $2,318,350,788 $1,159,175,394 $3,477,526,182 500yr 5,850 $2,874,455,468 $1,688,542,374 $4,562,997,842 Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 Commercial 664 $391,945,667 $391,945,667 $783,891,334 Education 7 $5,927,080 $5,927,080 $11,854,160 Government 49 $75,988,762 $75,988,762 $151,977,524 Industrial 30 $9,444,577 $14,166,865 $23,611,441 Religious 18 $9,878,619 $9,878,619 $19,757,238 Residential 5,082 $2,381,270,764 $1,190,635,382 $3,571,906,146 Source:FEMA,NOAA,Monroe County Parcels Table F.14 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to storm surge based on 100 and 500-year storm surge events. alllh llllo IIII' 116.. (:iriotliloallll IIP aoliullllliutlles IIII'Illllxllll' osed'to Otairii,°lun Ouirge,Illlsllllauu°iinairada VflIWge of Illlslllauu ids Storm Surge Category Critical Facility Count Structure Value 100-Year 17 $74,871,755.56 500-Year 10 $58,301,325.70 Total 27 $133,173,081.26 Source:FEMA,NOAA,Monroe County LMS Working Group moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I . d Juidsdcdonal I ocall filL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02 957 co U) P4 I n (14 114 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... IS Abi 0 uuli lie 0 IIISS ic ItA 0 LLI &in &in 0 al ItA .......... LL cc U) . 4„ „c I4 'j V�10 IS Ha V x � ly�^ �• Y u I 1, i ,w I H I LIL �m O tW v � YMk✓ ,luau uul 4b"H uu� Yr W u�M Ptl -I ?A v ¢� .. Z 0. L" WIIIIIIII a� r ANNEX F:ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS Table F.15 summarizes the acreage in the Islamorada Village of Islands that falls within the Functional Wildland Urban Interface(WUI),categorized into zones that describe the wildfire risk mitigation activities appropriate for each zone.Areas in the Functional WUI are those areas where development and building structures may intermix with burnable land cover.Approximately, 14 percent of Islamorada is categorized as having direct exposure to wildfire risk within the Functional WUI. alllh lllla IIII'illd II cuu�lc lil muu�lallll liulllldllllaiiid dui^lllh,)auuil Illluuitauu^facc,Ill lalll4ioiiIinoiIrada Vfllage of Illlrllllniidr IIIIIIIIIIIIII �UIII imnliiiiii:7 Direct Exposure 586 Indirect Exposure Critical Fireshed 848 20% Sources of Ember Load to Buildings 727 17% Little to No Exposure 1,975 46�Yo Water 130 3�Yo i i i Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment Figure F-10 depicts the WUI for Islamorada.Figure F-I I depicts Burn Probability based on landscape conditions,percentile weather,historical ignition patterns,and historical prevention and suppression efforts.Fire Intensity Scale,which indicates the potential severity of fire based on fuel loads,topography, and other factors,is depicted in Figure F-12. Much of Islamorada is within the Functional WUI with some small clusters of direct exposure present along the outer edge.Where there is a rating for burn probability, scattered throughout the Village with WUI areas, it is very low; otherwise,much of the city is without a burn probability rating. There are small areas of higher characteristic fire intensity throughout the Village,but large swaths of the Village are not rated on the characteristic fire intensity scale. Table F.16 provides building counts and values for critical facilities by FEMA lifeline that are located in areas categorized with direct exposure to wildfire risk on the Functional WUI scale. alllh llllc IIII'i6 (:irlilrtlillcallll III aclillllllilrties IIIIIIIIP'cllll'cacd't'c lilllldflillire,Illlcllllauu°Illnlairada vflllage of Illlclllaouildc Type Critical Facility Count Structure Value Communications 0 $0 Energy 0 $0 Food,Hydration,Shelter 1 $9,028,418.00 Hazardous Materials 0 $0 Health and Medical 0 $0 Safety and Security 0 $0 Transportation 0 $0 Water Systems 1 $0 Total 2 $9,028,418.00 Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment,Monroe County LMS Working Group moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... 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N r V 0 Q ui CD i in N U CO O _ 0 0 0 m O — Q H U LL 3 U w` Q in m = O c O m O a ° a G L w a) uCo a o sm E H = 2 -0 o , LL O = p C N in C V Q N s U E E N > N N O O m a m U Q N O cil ra 0 v y E E 'L CO m in Ln LL C Z #± cn 0) Q Q r uuuuuuuuuu �NuuuuumX A Placeholder Imoli'llios colullrlty�ll:::::Il wsjj!� Muld JuidsWcdoiriall 11 ocall Wdgadoiin Strategy jainually "ague A.11 969 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Zouul Illl t III 1114 IIIL......... IIII IIII IIII IIII IIII...... IIII IIII IIII IIII IIII IIIL............ 0IIII 1114 IIII......... 1114 III IIIL............ 1114"""""' IIIL............ IIII IIIL......... IIII sl,)Mlle IIIIII'tm'i II t'i III eeflillllllig""IIP"'oIIIAcsm IIII"to'tesm suuiId IllI ocs'tiollilis II ... Meeting Title Meeting Topic Meeting Date Meeting Location 1) Introduction to DMA and CPS LMSWG Mtg. requirements and the planning process January 30,2025 #1-Project 2) Review of LMSWG responsibilities and the Microsoft Teams Kick-Off project schedule. 2 p.m. 3) Discuss local capability 1) Review Draft Hazard Identification&Risk Monroe County LMSWG Mtg. Assessment(HIPA) March 26,2025 Emergency #2 2) Review and update plan goals and 10 a.m. Operations Center& objectives Microsoft Teams LMSWG Mtg. 1) Report on status of actions from the 2020 June 5,2025 #3 3 p.m.plan Microsoft Teams 2) Draft Mitigation Action Strategies LMSWG Mtg. 1) Review the Draft Local Mitigation Strategy July 1,2025 Microsoft Teams #4 2) Solicit comments and feedback 2 p.m. Note:All LMSWG Meetings were open to the public. moinioe coLdll"'1Ly„II""IL... SIG" I . d Juidsdcdonal I ocall fiL„aLoI I Strategy n�WN�II"y ..02 3,ar,e I;3:II 970 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION I M,SWG MEE7 ING MINI 17 E,S� AND A I..........I ENDANCE W`4UXG��?Y 31�0110:III�0115 II"A SWG II"A 1 `4 CJ : . 1`0 0 I!q 11��H(DE C 0-1 1 Ia)( AJ IVH J�( AJ 1()IN Y7PA 1 ;1(VA t I?1<11"J(' I )P 1"/I I ie Illvl, 1t I January 30,2025,2pm,Microsoft Teams 4,TTL 1H7/.1,N1C 1:: There were 23 attendees.The following individuals were in attendance: — Brian Shea,Planning Director,City of Marathon — Julia Cheon,Planning and Environmental Resources,Monroe County — Carla Fry,Florida Department of Health — Brittain Harden,Keys Energy — James Johnson,Marathon Fire Rescue — Kelcee Degraffenreid,Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority — Karla Garcia,Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority — Mehan Bosey-Keys Health Ready Coalition — Mike Lalbachan,Monroe County Land Authority — Elizabeth Lustberg,Monroe County Planning Department — Dan SaNno,Keys Energy — Cory Schwisow,Monroe County Emergency Management — Shellie Cavalliere,City of Layton — Terry Abel,Islamorada Fire Chief — Zoe Porter,Key West Floodplain Manager — Torn Harding,Key Colony Beach — Heather Carruthers—K27M Design Architecture and Engineering — Mimi Young,City of Layton — David Stroud,WSP — Abby Moore,WSP — Ranger Ruffins,WSP — Kimmy Hansen,WSP — Lori Lehr,Lehr LCPC Welcome&Introductions Why Plan? Project Overview Planning Process Project Schedule — Next Steps — Discussion VV J I Y r J LA NP David Stroud and Abby Moore with WSP facilitated the meeting following the agenda above.David began the presentation with why we plan in the first place.David discussed that the Disaster Mitigation Act(DMA)of 2000 which is codified in 44 CFR 201.6 requires local governments to update their hazard .....t': i "(": h",'S('M-'/) ilia )",,j,,,�'0 ,, i for I)tl",Ir,I/",,Irl 4(1(�411, V,di!�q1j, moinioe C01,01inty,11::11 wsll:" Multi JuidsWcdonal I ocall Wdgadori Strategy Janually �1026 113age 1:3'�2' 971 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION mitigation plans every five years to receive FEMA pre-and post-disaster mitigation funding through the Hazard Mitigation Assistance funding programs.David reviewed some trends in disasters including that we now have more frequent and intense hazard events and greater exposure to risk(people,property, and. critical infrastructure).In 2024 there were 27 billion-dollar disasters.Hazard mitigation is a priority for multiple reasons,including that the cost of doing nothing is too high,many events are predictable and repetitive,loss reduction can be effective,cost-beneficial,and environmentally-sound,there are'legal and moral responsibilities to prevent disasters,and there are federal funds available to support mitigation.The average benefit-cost ratio for federally-funded projects is 6:1, PIRIV'IF C'T O,url:IRV'II.`V,,1 David explained that we must follow the DMA planning process and this plan will integrate Comrnnnity Rating System(CRS)Activity S 10 planning steps into the DMA four-phase planning process to meet the requirements of both programs.The DMA process provides continued eligibility for mitigation funding, guides nvtigation activities In a coordinated and economical manner,integrates hazard mitigation with other planning mechanisms,directs future development in a safe manner,and helps make communities more disaster resistant.The CRS program provides policy holders in participating communities with flood insurance discounts based on the number of CRS points the conununities earn.The flood insurance premium reductions are connniunity-wide, Cory asked if there is an opportunity for conunnunities to improve their CRS rating through this process. David explained that it depends on the number of points each community has.While every point helps the communities,it may not be enough points to put them over a new rating threshold. WSP will ensure that the updated local mitigation strategy ineet;s all FEMA planning requirements, coordinates with the natural Hazards in the updated State Hazard Mitigation Plan,includes natural and human-caused hazards as identified by the LMSWG,incorporates local climate change data and findings, and addresses equitable outcomes. Abby described the planning process in more detail. Ililllzas+e"III .orgalllrl'z'e II,'tlesoulirces Phase l is already underway.The LMSWG was reconvened with some new members and will be asked to attend four meetings,provide input on risk and capability,update mitigation actions,and review plan drafts.LMSWG members,especially staff,were also asked to consider ways to involve the public throughout the planning process.Another priority is to identify stakeholders that should be invited to participate in the planning process,especially those that may be able to represent underserved communities and/or vulnerable populations.To maximize CRS credit and support awareness of the plan, 30 outside stakeholders must be invited to participate and provide input.Lori and David noted the importance of jurisdictional representation at the working group meetings to ensure maximum CRS credit. Phase'2......Assess IIItizlllzs Phase 2 covers the risk assessment,which includes the hazard identification,the vulnerability assessment, and the capability assessment.The hazards that were addressed in the previous plan were presented and are as follows:tropical cyclones,flood,severe storims(thunderstorm wind,lightning,and hail),tornadoes and waterspouts,sea level rise and climate change,drought,wildfire,coastal erosion,extreme heat, radiological incident,and cyber attack.Cory also asked if terror attacks should be included in this plan. Abby explained that this may be better covered in an emergency operation plan,but that it could be included if the working group wants to include it.David further explained that it's only best to include if there is an associated mitigation action to include in the plan.Cory mentioned that they have received funding for barriers in the past.Abby noted that the county has until March to decide if they want to include this in the plan. IA I nu r :our I Y t l ,_._ I VI[(I=I1'i„i it GI)y 1pdF Ou NA I lum IV:IO 5 I I A 1'410 1 I III ISIIst v nitI Ill p6i 1 u1 Vcc 111q luq'I M '"III"M4n.W.�. u„0Ldll'"1Ly„II''""IL... III'" ..G��6 IVtl.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIMVIW� I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;IsLIIMVIII LII"itLq.q,,;,, naIWI.NIsII"'2 972 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Mike noted that the County has considered sea walls and asked if this is something that can be included in the mitigation strategy.Abby confirmed that it could be included. lHiase3 11I)eV01101113 a loftlgatk�1111 strategy Phase 3 involves developing a mitigation strategy by reviewing and updating the plan goals and objectives,evaluating mitigation alternatives,including existing and new projects,and drafting an action plan with prioritized projects.Abby reviewed different approaches to mitigation,the six FEMA/CRS mitigation categories,and the count of actions by category for each jurisdiction in the existing LMS.In the plan update communities must have at least one action for each natural hazard to meet FEMA requirements and should include a flood.relatedaction for at least 5 of the 6 mitigation categories to maximize CRS credit. Heather asked if one mitigation action could cover multiple hazards.Abby explained that this is possible but noted that we want to try and address all hazards,especially high and medium risk hazards.Abby also highlighted that actions are only required for natural hazards—FEMA does not evaluate actions for human-cased hazards. Abby also explained that all existing projects included in the previous plan will need a status update. WSP will send an excel spreadsheet to every jurisdiction to provide updates and comments on their actions. F01hase4 Adoptivi o,w'id Iii iii'illl,ulIlLiiiT'iciii'w'tatlion Phase 4 is where the communities must adopt and implement the plan.Tile communities and LMSWG will meet quarterly to review the action plan and look for funding and opportunities to implement projects.The plan will continue to be updated every five years. d F l"A)LF Abby presented a tentative schedule for the planning process,which includes additional LMSWG meetings around April,May,and June.The draft plan is due to FDEM in July.The plan must be approved by FDEM and FEMA and adopted by all communities before the current plan expires in January 2026. SHIPS Abby discussed public outreach efforts which includes public meetings facilitated by WSP,a public survey,and a plan website.Community staff were asked to post outreach on local websites and social media and consider ways to advertise the plan and the survey at community events.The plan website used for the previous plan update will be rebooted and shared once it is available. WSP will work with the County to.schedule a public meeting.This meeting will probably be held virtually.WSP will provide publicity language for the survey and public meeting. WSP will be reaching out to jurisdiction representatives to schedule Conununity Data Collection Meetings to discuss local hazard information,local capabilities,and mitigation action updates.WSP will reach out with date and time options over the next few weeks.Any community staff or stakeholders that can provide useful information are welcome to join the calls. Abby asked the LMSWG to begin reviewing the existing actions and thinking about status updates.They can also begin considering new mitigation actions.The LMSWG was also asked to look for opportunities to support public engagement and to document any publicity and engagement efforts. 'A I nun I :our I Y t I I I VH I(pa I 1'l„S I,it I)y l)pdF Ou NA I lum I V:"I)T5 I I A 1'410 1 io I III SIII OW qv Ad"I!',I Ill p 6 1 1"1 Vcc 111 q uq' M011,1110e C01,011r1ty,II''""IL... wsll:" Auld JuHsWcdonal I ocall Wdgadori Strategy Janually��1026 1gage 113,41 973 DOCUMENTATIONAPPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS Thuirsday,flanuary,'3�,���5'1„53 PFJI-3�L9 Phil ,, ZF KH 974 Pa+geeturugl a�wiraMmrr7. �,+,neragie attierr�Jarrnme tvcrne: P�R�ICJI�IYR'$, I^darc�n.e hii rst.js�timi La.n Ilraiaw Iro eru,��tuiroy r�wra4iraua Ihticraaae, sgarl 7�5�sIPVI�7 3rt7<'4 Phdl 7h�rra lbs. amr�a;�mmmna�+��,�mm� r r Ilfiwdfifir�„IIR'aemglr-w 7a�IPflW1 3t41W7 PNdI 7 h 7`Miv 3+Cvs. ,. rarAg�.mstfianwxsPxmmu � Si��mdo I�awa�l 7�5�IPflw7 PMxdl 7 h 7riv Pam, daundLram,P,v,cpmu ILaVh�a�h�ru-h�l�c 7��IP"�1 3PM�I 7h6ernSfl;s ILa�tlaac6Yam-tWl"�ae�ummnra��mauan;r-I�Lgms^ S�uuwesnMr�W..esayr 7a5�IP�+7 3.41w4 PNAV 7 h i5rrn sdd�ar;�m,�-em L=�az Zcse P�rtea 7 571P7w1 3�0k4 PTV 7h 6riv amk,��'� YLgcaw ILcwi ILeflor 7�.oP IP�w1 3ctk4 PhAI 7 h 6ern��z. 9mm elhmmc-c4ae I�amaam Shea 7�ST IPflu7 3a4,�PM�I 7 h 6rrn ems, ShYeam�mwanaraMhmm-I�-ws ILresCh�ergl-EI 7�571P�7 3rt1d7Phdl 7h6nrns. .!erases-hw�a�atharo Iffe.e�7lrruenlFiecf� 7�571PV�7 Pp�l 7 h 6riv PSIs. IHanser�I�wntrerfq 7a IPflw7 PMxd 7 h 6rrn�s IICemJNdNd�pLaaamem sp-crone Sahir�,Ian 7��IPflw1 Phdl 7h-0mvi�s aam5a'6i mm�IKeMsEn .c�uen APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION E�1 Imoli'llioe colainty,ll:::::Il wsjj:� Muld JuidsWcdoinal I ocall Wdgadoiiri Strategy jainually��!026 113age ::�,6 975 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION II'ASWGIY L..I..H`4G :'1�111: II'AX ?C.. III 1 III 0-�p 11 0 ,C)CAL V�IT Iti A,I l()114 S"PA1'F(;1Y J I J(', March 26,2025,10am,Monroe County Emergency Operations Center&Microsoft Teams There were three attendees in person and 15 online.The following individuals were in attendance: — Cory Schwisow,Monroe County Emergency Management — Liz Lustberg,Monrco County Planning Department — Alison Higgins,Key West Resiliency Manager — Alyssa Panzer,Islamorada Sustainability and Resiliency Coordinator — Andrew Engelmeyer,Islarnofada Public Works Director — Brian Shea,City of Marathon Planning Director — Julie Cheon,Monroe County Planning and Environmental Resources — Carla Fry,Florida Department of Health in Monroe County — Kelcee Degrallenreid,Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority — Kristen Livengood,Monroe County PI® — Dan Sabino,Keys Energy — Tom Harding,Key Colony Beach Cormirissioner — Heather Carruthers—K2M Design Architecture and Engineering — Maria Covelli,Marathon — Sherrie Schwab,FL Domestic Abuse Shelter — David Stroud,WSP — Ranger Ruffins,WSP — Abby Moore,WSP — Welcome&Introductions — Project Overview&Where we are in the planning process — Hazard Identification — Asset Inventory — People,Property,and Critical Facilities — Hazard Profiles:Risk&Vulnerability — Surmilaty of all natural hazards — Remaining Data Needs — Public Survey Update — Next Steps Cory Schwisow began the meeting with opening remarks thanking attendees for participating.He acknowledged that recent weeks have been busy and disruptive in Monroe County due to nearby wildfires and response activities.He asked that attendees provide as much feedback and information as possible to WSP to support the plan update. I I I I) i" o'dhWa 1 fl orn or„hr k!q"VVo'k ray('Inq' a2 P'q" M011,1110c,colainty, ii1l WS11ii, Kidd Juidsd�cdonal I ocall Wdgadori Strategy Janually��1026 113age 1:37 976 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION 11:4111"DJE,CT OVERVIEV'r David Stroud and Ranger Ruffins with WSP facilitated the meeting following the agenda above.David explained that the planning process is set by the Disaster Mitigation Act(DMA)of 2000 which is codified in 44 CFR 201.6.WSP integrates the Conununity Rating System(CRS)Activity 510 planning steps into the DMA four-phase planning process to meet the requirements of both programs.'There are four phases in the planning process:organize resources,assess risks,develop a mitigation strategy,and adopt& implement.We are currently working in phase two,which encompasses the hazard identification and risk assessitient(H1RA). There are four main steps in the HIRA:identify hazards,profile hazard events,inventory assets,and estimate losses.Risk is a combination of a hazard,vulnerability,and exposure.Each of these factors is evaluated in the risk assessment.process. H/Q.APID lDENTIFICATI)IN To update the hazard identification,WSP reviewed the hazards in the 2023 State Hazard Mitigation Plan and the hazards in the 2021 Monroe County LMS.All existing hazards in the Monroe County LMS were carried forward for re-evaluation.Cory asked if all State hazards must be included,and David clarified that hazards in the State plan that aren't relevant to the planning area are not included in the LMS.For example,winter storms and earthquakes are not evaluated in the LMS, Looking at FEMA Major Disaster Declarations,there have been 27 disaster declarations that included Monroe County.Most of these events have been hurricanes and tropical storms.Heather Carruthers asked if this plan includes the mainland portion of Monroe County,as this may explain why the County has received declarations for freezes and fire.David confirined that it does include the full extent.of Monroe County. David reviewed data from NCEI Storm Events database,which is compiled at a county level and reports hazard events by type along with any reported property damages,crop damages,deaths,injuries,and narrative descriptions of the event.Reviewing past events from this database provides at least a basic understanding of the types of events and impacts that can occur in the county. David concluded by listing the hazards that were identified for inclusion in the plan update: "K7 Flood PadioVoqical Incidents, Tropical Cyclones Cyber Attack Severe Storms&Tornadoes Wildfire Coastall Erosion Drought Extrerne Heait Sea Level Pise Heather Carruthers asked about the oinission of earthquake from the hazard list and whether the hazard identification is only retrospective or if we also look forward at what can happen in the future.She noted having felt an earthquake in Monroe County.David clarified that we are looking at'etrospective data as well as future trends and projections.Ranger added that each hazard profiled will include a hazard specific discussion of impacts of climate change. Cory asked about the inclusion of transportation disruption and provided examples of how the Keys have experienced disruptions and economic losses as a result of road and bridge closures.WSP will evaluate this further. "Alowor Coun/l l I ora(MMgMI:'n ShMeqY Upd;)h, 114arch M *m'",4,1 I M011,1110e C01,01inty, Ill1l WSIll, Auld JuiisdIlctional I ocall Alldgadori Strategy Janually��1026 113age 1:3,13 977 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION P,55 l I' l NVI ld I(ARY David presented summary tables of the asset inventory.According to Census data,the 2020 Monroe County population was 82,874,which is a 13.4%increase since 2010.Based on county parcel and assessor data and Microsoft building footprint data,there are an estimated 42,625 buildings in the county with a stnicture value of over$18 billion. There are 430 identified critical facilities couritywide,which have been summarized by TEMA lifeline category.Critical facilities were identified rising data froin the existing LMS,updates from community staff collected at the community data meetings,and certain energy,water,wastewater,and goverturient facilities from the communities'Vulnerability Assessments.AJ Engelineyer asked if water systems include wastewater facilities.Ranger confirmed that it does include wastewater facilities,and the full inventory will be provided so the LMSWG can confirm and add to the inventory if needed, I IA"""AJ"d)DR)F 11,f S David presented the Priority Risk Index(PRI)methodology which is used to rate each hazard on a set of standard criteria.This provides an overall risk rating to summarize and rank the risk of each hazard.The preliminary PRI ratings are shown below: IHazard Probability Impact spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent score Coastall Erosion Likely Lir,61ted Small More than 2/1 hrs Less than I week .............................................. Drought Likely Minor Large More than 24 hrs More than I week 23111 Extreme Heat Likely Limited Large More than 24 hrs' Less than 1 week Flood Highly Likely Critical Large 6 to 12 hours Less than 1 week Sea Level Rise Highly Likely Critical Large More thain 24 his More than I week Severe Storms& Hughly Likely Limited Moderate Less than 6 his Less than 6 his To-r-na-does....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Wildfire Likely Limited Small Less than 6 hrs Less than I week Radiological Incident Unlikely Critical Moderate Less than 6hrs More than 1 week Cyber Attack Possible Minor Small Less than 6hrs More than week Note:Tropical cyclones were missing from this list but are rated as a high risk hazard. Cory asked if coastal erosion is based on long-term erosion or impacts from specific storiti.events.He noted that erosion is particularly a concern in Key West around Higgs Beach and Maitello.Alison Higgins agreed that the coastal erosion rating seems low;the individual criteria fit but the hazard should be rated higher overall.Erosion has also been a major issue in Islamorada,particularly when storm surge washed across the island in the Matecurribe area.Dan Sabino asked whether the erosion that occurs with severe storms is covered under that hazard. David and Ranger presented summary information on each of the identified natural hazards.See slides 21-34 for more detail. Flood — Per the effective FIRM data,nearly 72%of the county is in Zone AE and over 22%is in Zone VE; this is skewed by the large mainland portion of Monroe County and surrounding water area that is included in these acreages.Acreages will be provided by coininunity in the plan%vhich should provide a better picture of flood zone acreage where people live. — There are 35,244 buildings located in Zone AE and 2,716 in Zone VE.This is just exposure by flood zone.WSP is working on developing loss estimates using FEMA's Hazus software.WSP will also evaluate flood exposure and loss estimates using the preliminary FIRM. IA w 0,w oy t I c Vitic ahn Sha[c,")y Ujpdfl,, M011,1110e,colainty, ii1l WS11ii, Multi JuidsWcdonal I ocall Wdgadoin Strategy janually��1026 13age 1133 978 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Tropical.Cyclones — There are 29 named hurricanes and tropical stones recorded in NCEI from 2000-2024.These storms caused$66.3 million in property damage and$149.9 million in crop damage,which likely includes damages to all impacted areas,not just Monroe County.These events also caused 5 deaths and 25 injuries in Monroe County. — NCEI includes 15 records of storm surge events which caused$2 million in property damage, 1 death"and I injury. — Stonnn surge exposure was evaluated using data from the Vulnerability Assessments for the 100-year event and the 500-year event. Severe Stornns&Tornadoes — There are 32 tornadoes reported in NCEI from 2000-2024,which caused$5.3 million in property damages. — NCEI reports 12 damaging lightning strikes causing$73k in property damage and 4 injuries,7 hail incidents with hail up to 1.75"in diameter,and 53 thunderstorm wind records causing$147k'in damages.These events are likely underreported but illustrate the type of damage that can and has occurred. Wildfire WUI is where structures meet undeveloped wildland or vegetative fuels.An estimated 15%of the county's population lives within the critical fireshed,where fire can reach a significant minder of buildings within a single burning period.About I%of the population lives in areas of direct exposure, which is where burnable landcover is within 751n of buildings. From 2000-2024,FDACS reports 167 fires which'burned 186 acres. — Burn probability is moderate to high in over half of the county,but this is primarily in the mainland. 30%of the county is not included in burn probability estimates. — Current wildfire is in the Miami-Dade side of Everglades.Monroe County's focus has been on fire watches in Big Pine area. — In 2017,after Irma there were'issues with fires in Big Pine. Coastal.Erosion — State Critically Eroded Beaches Report indicates 15.02 miles of Florida Key'36.3 miles of beaches are critically eroded.This includes erosion front storms,wave action,sea level rise,human activity.. — Dan Sabino noted there are areas where land around transmission poles eroded.Florida Keys Electric Coop also has this issue and has moved poles with HMGP handing. Tom Harding indicated that a significant amount of work has been done at Sea Oats Beach.Ranger acknowledged that ongoing work will be addressed in the hazard profile. Drought From 2000-2024 Monroe County was in drought 42%of the time,mostly in abnormally dly conditions.There is about a 10%chance of drought in any given week based on past occurrences. Extreme Heat In 2023,more people in the US died from heat-related illness than any year on record.Certain. populations have higher vulnerability.Climate change is expected to make extreme heat worse'across the southeast. — Highest temperature on record for Key West is 96T,which occurred in July and.August 2024. IA l rr 0 w oy tI c Vrtriah)r ha[ '))rill rate PAY a�r;ir JZ. I i r II`A iRri r rxt,gy n.,r ,,yp-I'•,r I ii ry 0II'"I II"0c,W.�" w..06.NIY"1Ly„II""'IL... SIG„w I I.s d JuilsdIcdonal I ocall fiL„ sLoI I Strategy nsWNsII"t ..026 arage II3,110 979 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Sea Level Rise — Current trend is 2.64 irur/year.Scenarios for the Key West tidal gage show up to 5+feet of sea level rise by 2100 under the inte'nnediate-high scenario or'2+feet under the interinediate_'low scenario. — At the 2040 time horizon,there is little difference between the intermediate-low and intermediate- high scenarios. — Sea level rise exposure was evaluated using data from the Vulnerability Assessments.These exposure estimates do not account for building elevation,except where elevation certificate data was available. — Cory noted that Jolin Rizzo has very detailed report on sea level rise'impacts on specific keys.. PF11 A11°CBNc, I?A;TA H E l 3)S Ranger indicated that we need to hold conununity data collection meetings with Monroe County and Marathon.Representatives from these communities are asked to let WSP know availability for a meeting. We need to provide a count of repetitive loss properties by jurisdiction and indicate the number that are residential vs.conunercial.We would also like to incorporate mapping of repetitive loss areas into the flood hazard profile.WSP can use FEMA open data for repetitive loss property counts or communities can provide this summarized data if they already have it.WSP cannot handle raw repetitive loss data from FEMA unless we are included with third-party access on your data sharing agreement.WSP will provide request forms to each cone nuruty which you can submit to FEMA if you wish to request updated data to share with us. Ranger provided an update on the public survey,which has received 120 responses so far.Most respondents have been impacted by past disasters,and many mentioned Hurricane Irma.Flood,tropical cyclone,severe storms,and sea level rise were noted has the highest risk hazards per public input_ N111X1STEPS Ranger presented the schedule for the plarming process,which includes additional.LMSWG meetings in May and June.The draft plan is due to FI)EM in.July.The plan must be approved by FDEM and FEMA and adopted by all conmiunities before the current plan expires in January 2026. Ranger shared the following action items for WSP and the LMSWG: WSP will: - Share the draft risk assessment for LMSWG review - Schedule corninunity meetings with Monroe County and Marathon - Provide ISAA request form templates for repetitive loss data requests Schedule the next LMSWG meeting for May LMSWG members were asked to: Provide surnmarized repetitive'loss data,repetitive loss area shapefiles,or submit ISAA requests to FEMA Review the draft risk assessment Provide a status report on existing mitigation measures if you haven't already done so Support public engagement by promoting the public survey and the plan website.The QR code for the public survey is provided below.The plan website link is%vww.i 0i1ri:se('aunty FL LMS.com. I`Alo ii er Cou7/I I I.c a(IJI141gMI:,,l h;1t r;!'Upd;)h, I14ar,I7.'I Yi, I x 7I NAti, lnj ;t1, ik Ph:�v I(In,f C,r ugs-M *i¢,",4,1 11,go w..06.0IY"1Ly„II111111.. SIG„w I . d JuHsdIcdonal I ocall fiL„ sLoI I Strategy nsWNsII"y ..026 113a e I;3:II'11 980 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION 0 .IJ `Jl rl�I Af:(:��1.�17("f .f; a{I✓'141t�lr,�l r`��'�i r;�'�/AI'(�Yl"` 14ar,7sr 1 x 71Nthtt, lnjn"'trrt ik Af�vI In,fC,Ivgs-1'vt *it 4", locloci dill'III"die c I+ . d JuidsWcdoinal I ocall fiL„aLoII I Strategy n�IWN�II"y ..02 3age I',;3;II2', 981 Vkdnesdlay,Mtareh 25,2025%51 AMA-11:19 AM '... 20 9:51 AM - 11:18 AM Attended SRar°tt and endl time 1h 2,7m 34s 1h 6m 12s MIm ing dwlrattioin Average attbemdalnce time PaF icipants �5':��3NIfliL. FIIY�t'y:Y'um L�55'.rV7••�Mvw_: IPi eLW:&�'YI RH]�d1—!C.. IMlcreslrea Abigail 9:51 AM 1:118 AMA 1h V m 32s dt91'gldCtLrlSiAlPe.�W���m6. 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Irr,eriFiedl 11YM AM 11114 AM 1h 14m 2s IHeatherCarnAhffs 11DM AM 11114 AM 1h 13m 53s Sahino,1Dan 1 11 AM 11'::114 AM 1 h 13m 42s 1D—S. amm(MIKeysEe!rtW—, Brian Shea 11001 AM 1fla4AM1 1h 13mn26s SBrea6�cusun s Che�rt-11m1m- 11031flAfh191fl:114AM11h12rIm54s,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Chen -Julie ll'a'nncaelCnweem},wF1LW�wnr III(I hwerihedJ 10z02 AM 1115,AM 1 h limn 12s Mama CoMln 10M AM 11:111 AM 1h 15m 23s c.d&.Cl L—at6Yma R- AAhson FNurgguma �Ngg a" 110dY5 AMA 1 fl:14 AM h 8mm Us1-wengraod IYm m 10.18 A 11 1 fl::118 AM1 59M 575 IL—g..d-rMsmenlD':rtirouu—.Cap.q-F_ Tammy lRudirog((1hvervhed) 11:12 Af 11 1 fl'::14 AM1 1 ran 55s APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION — I I' 3 1 �00:.0 11 �'A SWG M I d'4(j, �� 5, ;'! 1!!! a June 5,2025,3pm,Microsoft Teams AT Filfl)ANCIF In addition to the consulting team there were 22 attendees who attended virtually through Microsoft Teams.The following individuals were in attendance: — Cory Schwisow,Monroe County Emergency Management — Liz Lustberg,Monroe County Planning Department — Emily Scheniper,BOCC Planning and Environmental Services — Alison Higgins,Key West Resiliency Manager — Alyssa Panzer,Islaniorada Sustainability and Resiliency Coordinator — Christie Martin,Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority — Megan Bosi,Keys Ready Healthcare Coalition — Mike Lalbachan,Monroe County BOCC — Lori Lehr,BOCC Community Rating System — Mimi Young,Layton City Clerk — Sliellie Cavalliere,Layton Code Enforcement — Robert Mather,Engineer in the planning department — Tony Hammon,Building official in Key Colony Beach — Kevin Wilson,BOCC Assistant County Administrator — Carla Fry,Florida Department of Health in Monroe County — Kelcee Degraffenreid,Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority — Lauren Wells,Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority — Terry Abel,Islarnorada Fire Chief — Dan Sabin,Keys Energy — Tom Harding,Key Colony Beach Commissioner — Heather Carruthers—K-2M Design Architecture and Engineering — Shawna Martin,Ovid Solutions,Stakeholder — Kimmy Hansen,WSP — Ranger Ruffins,WSP — Abby Moore,WSP ACA"N116, I Project Overview&Where we are in the planning process 2 Capability Assessment New Capabilities Substantial Damage Management Procedures 3 Mitigation Strategy Review Goals and Objectives Mitigation Action Updates i TEMA&CRS Action Requirements i� Action Prioritization -4 Discussion 5 Next Steps Cory Schwisow began the ineeting with opening remarks thanking attendees for their participation and feedback throughout the plan update.Abby Moore and Ranger Ruffins with WSP facilitated the meeting following the agenda above. moinioe colainty,11::11 wsll:::� Muld JuidsdIcdonal I ocall A[dgadori Strategy Janually �1026 113age 1:3,1141 983 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION PR ,IF iWVV IaVHFAAr Abby Moore kicked)off the meeting with a review of the four phases of FEMA disaster mitigation planning process and the 10 steps of the CRS planning process.We are currently working through Phase 3:Mitigation Strategy,which aligns with Step 6(Set Goals),Step 7(Review Possible Activities),and Step 8(Draft an Action Plan)of the CRS planning process.Abby reminded the committee that there will be one more c'oi'nmittee meeting and one more public meeting where WSP will present the draft plan. Afterwards,the plan will be sent to FDEM for review. CAFJAl'3fL TYFSS FSS MC'tJT A capability assessment measures local resources and tools available to support or implement iitigation. projects.It'identifies gaps,conflicts,and opportunities in existing local plans,policies,and programs. Additionally,a capability assessment identifies mitigation measures already in place or underway. Indicators of capability in this plan update include the following: Planning&&Regulatory—plans,programs,ordinances — Administrative&Technical—staff,training,expertise Fiscal Resources—bonds,fees,taxes,CIP,grants — Education and Resources—engaged stakeholders,public outreach,warning&r notification — Mitigation Resources—grants,past mitigation projects performance — Political Will—public and leadership support for mitigation,investments,regulation enforcement Changes Since the Last Plan Update Abby reviewed the changes in capability that have occurred since the last plan update.Capability updates were captured during the individual community meetings with WSP,with the exception of Marathon and Monroe County. Abby suggested communities think about the fallowing changes and updates over the past five years when updating their-capability results: — Additional funding — New or updated plans — New staff — Updated flood or open space regulations New emergency warning systems or strategies — Completed mitigation projects Cory mentioned that open space management plans are difficult for all jurisdictions to complete and asked if this would reflect negatively on the municipalities.Abby said that it doesn't,and they can remove whatever isn't relevant to the cormmmnities.The committee will discuss this topic further and report their decision to WSP. New FEMA Requirements Abby briefly noted that there is a new FEMA requirement for substantial damage estimate procedures. The plan must include information on how participating connmulities use the NFIP to reduce risk after a disaster through substantial damage and substantial improvement(SDlSI)procedures.Abby noted that WSP has not yet received all the infornation on the connnunity's post event procedures.'These procedures don't have to be reported in detail,but the plan must document that these post event procedures exist within the community. Capability Vs.Mitigation Abby emphasized the difference between capability and mitigation actions and gave examples of different scenarios found on slide 12.Mitigation actions should be applicable to the next five years and should be ,n I S+Ih yVll ,lIInq I I1'.li-YEA Ftu7 ri W> ( u 01'"I I"4re W.�. �„Mrl.dll'"1Ly„II""IL... III'" I . d JuidsdIctioi,4 I ocall filL„ sLoI I Strategy nmIWNsII"y ..026 3age I;3:II,'5 984 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION specific actions that help achieve the plans goals and objectives.It is important to focus on projects that reduce risk and vulnerability.Abby noted that status updates need to be reported for each individual action and to remove actions that speak to the regular duties of departments. The conunittee asked if it was possible to add mitigation actions post plan approval.Abby responded that it is possible but will require a plan anrendinent which can be a lengthy process,and it is much easier to turn in the mitigation actions now.Additionally,Abby noted that mitigation actions with pending or unknown funding sources should still be included in the plan. iv(�14;A1I 71`4°a�[W C`Yf A mitigation strategy is meant to reduce the impact of hazards on existing development and ensure future development occurs in a way that minimizes vulnerability. Goals&Objectives Ranger reviewed the existing goals and objectives from the previous plan update and discussed potential revisions to implement with the conunittee for the current plan update.These'revisions can be found on slides 17 and 18 of the presentation.No further comments or revisions were recommended by the HMPC. Mitigation Action Requirements Ranger informed the committee that FEMA requires at least one mitigation action for each identified hazard in the plan update.All mitigation actions will need to be organized into the categories found below.Abby noted that to maximize CRS credit they should include flood-related actions in at least five of the six mitigation categories. I. Prevention('land development plans&zoning,freeboard requirements) 2. Property Protection(acquisition,elevation,floodproofurg,backup generators) 3. Structural Projects(floodwalls,stortnwater improvements,harden critical infrastructure) 4. Emergency Services(warning systems,response capacity&capability improvements) 5. Natural Resource Protection(dune or wetland restoration,vegetative management,open space preservation) 6. Public Education(mailings,websites,social media campaigns,interactive map tools,hazard disclosure requirements,targeted outreach and engagement) Current Action Plans Ranger reviewed a surrumary of the current action plans in terms of what mitigation categories they cover and what hazards they address—slides 20 and 21.The current action plan has 37 multi-jurisdictional actions,and some actions fall within multiple mitigation categories.'WSP will provide a full list of the mitigation strategies for communities to review and provide status updates. PRI Summary Results Ranger briefly reviewed the PRI summary results rh"dF,,„, with the connrrittee which can be found on slide 22. Flood,sea level rise,and tropical cyclones were the only hazard profiles to be rated a"high Risk"for " r•/; 5 4 .... YarieY.. Monroe County.Ranger reminded the conunittee that /� w lcrr . it is important to consider adding more mitigation actions for the high priority hazards. `OW Risk rr x.01 New Mitigation Action ideas Ranger discussed potential new mitigation action ideas that could be added into the plan update.She reminded the conunittee that these are only ideas to help them think of new actions and have not been added to the plan update.The action ideas presented can be found on slides 24-26.Lori Lehr noted to the committee that many conur'runities are currently developing a watershed management plan with outside 14 , I,-I Yc:it 1H YnlIon S,I YYW,I:W I,rfer i1-IM; I .al�4ii cW�fi it 4Vi I�,Iv o.Uuryl"ir,ul n eYin la�;3 6+nr }; w..06.0IY"1Ly„II""'ll.... SIG„w 2 cps y ..026 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWs I.,.w�d"o Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"irLq.q,,;,, nsIWl.Nall"'„ :age II3,I16 985 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION funding sources.Many of the projects occurring in the watershed management plan could be included as new mitigation actions in the LMS plan update and it will be beneficial to have cohesion between the two plans during updates in the fixture. Survey(Results Ranger reviewed results of the public survey which received a total of 126 responses, Abby will send a copy of the survey responses,which can be sorted by jurisdiction to help give specific feedback to the different communities regarding proposed mitigation action ideas. I FC7 I 17) I.V" &1'4 1'ti T 4'S Ranger presented the schedule for the planning process,which includes final LMSWG and public meetings in the end of June or early July.The draft plan is dine to FDEM in July.The plan must be approved by FDEM and adopted by all cornrnunities before the current plan expires in,January 2026. Ranger shared the following action'iten'rs for WSP and the LMSWG: WSP will: Share the draft plan for corni'nittee and public review Schedule final.LMSWG meeting car public meetings LMSWG members were asked to: Send mitigation action status updates and new mitigation actions to hanger (rant$er.r-11ffil (LIw�cona) Provide feedback on draft capability assessment ✓Ionn :'..a lviI o d AIM(p+tizri`U'A qyU Lk 11)1 11 0'?,:' dI IA I 11 Ir SI N/!Kira 11:1UI II,ir73 1 ur-4 01'"I I"4 c,W.�. �„Mal.dll'"1Ly„II""IL... III'" n y ..026 Kidd Ild"LIIMaIWa (.,.Mad"la Il+fillLll„;IaLIIMaIII Strategy naIWl.Nlal l"'„ gage II3,117 986 DOCUMENTATIONAPPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS Thursday Juine 5,�CM25 2.S n'PAl9 �1;�1 Paaf .. TH 987 Atndledl Startt and,�ndl ttunme: I�I.�eMurugi eNuraKurn. Av�eragie aik�endam�e h�rme P�rlhicuW'�rrlCs NoLarcm�e IF�r�e,�rn"urn l,awll wyw Vrn tdirnyi.dl�raxi�uw IMex�e,J'4a�gad 2:54IP�+1 PMV lh 6m ads a'tlnugai�eana�nne�w�vpamwn ILaBhachamu-h�l�e 2:541P�1 Pp�l lh 6m 1�s ILa9tleachan-dA"tike�uonx�mra�cxuuu9gy-I�Lgme Sus+ismnrk�cu�^ 2:54IP�1 PhRI 1h Errn 1'Ss 5ctlrniiacsw�Coryl@INa91 ffIL�. ILusth��gFEI 2:55 IPI�1 PhAI 1M 5m 32s ILnus'[�eng-mGraYne;�i�P�unca�e©w e �-- Swearer Ernilyr �:55 IP�1 �55 Pp�dl 3Tis Srtl�iea�r Emiriy�dd.,mrceeu�umm�-�_ �lllssrwmo-N4ewumu 2:55 IPI�1 �Ptl...PhAI 2-0mre 5��s. vMFasmm-JC�uam�IhAbenncaeCuwoYny-F�R,umxr IPam�r�s"Iug�e° �:55 IP�+1 PM�V lh 5m�x 114eWlee�D�girai�uevsr�d 2:561P�u1 Ppol Nneher lh-0rra 15s T INiirdmg !nn �:531PM1 PC�V 1M 3m 1 4s IHanser4,�ueri6erfy IP�e1 PMdI 1h�ha 4�s Sa�irro,Iran 2:55 IP�1 PhAI lh�Fn 5s CkaoLS�a IKey+sB:ncawn IN�luiaraiu N�ur� �Urrce�rifo 2:5A IP�1 Pp�dl lh 1''cn'9+s APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION 1111ILL AP A11111 Imoli'llioe colainty,ll:::::Il wsjj:� Muld JuidsWcdoinal I ocall Wdgadoiiri Strategy jainually��1026 988 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION II"A SWG M I G 4 w 1U y July 1,20,25,2pm,Microsoft Teams AI I I NLIANCF: In addition to the consulting team there were 24 attendees who attended virtually through Microsoft Teams.The following individuals were in attendance: — Cory Schwisow,Monroe County Emergency Management — Liz Lustberg,Monroe County Planning Department — Alison Higgins,Key West Resiliency Manager — Alyssa Panzer,Islaillorada Sustainability and Resiliency Coordinator — Beren Lindenberg,College of the Florida Keys,Director,Institutional Effectiveness — Brian Shea,City of Marathon Planning Director — Christie Martin,Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority — Muni Young,Layton City Clerk — Shellie Cavalliere,Layton Code Enforcement — Mike Lalbachan,Monroe County Mitigation Administrator — Robert Mather,Islamorada Engineer — Kelcee Degraffenreid,Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority — Lauren Wells,Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority — Kristen Livengood,Monroe County PIO — Maria Covelli,City of Marathon Grants Coordinator — Matt William,Key West Utilities Director — Megan Runibaugh,Islamorada Senior Floodplaiii/CRS Coordinator — Dan Sabino,Keys Energy — Tom Harding,Key Colony Beach Commissioner — Zoe Porter,Key West Development Review Manager — Shawna Martin,Ovid Solutions,Stakeholder — Meghan Bosi,Keys Health Ready Coalition — Ranger Ruffins,WSP — Abby Moore,WSP A C��11110/A I Project Overview&Where we are in the planning process 2 Draft Plan Review Structure of the Plan 3 Review of Key Plan Components i Planning Process t7 Risk Assessment I- Mitigation Strategy Plan Adoption&Iniplernentation 5 Next Steps 6 Discussion,/Feedback on Draft Plan Cory Schwisow began the meeting with opening remarks thanking attendees for their participation and feedback t1iroughout the plan update.Abby Moore and Ranger Ruffins with WSP facilitated the meeting following the agenda above. PF"(D'H C-1,(WE PIVII'AN Wi IF1 11:1 1 VVIF �1;1 IIJ I k flE"111,A NI"'HINC, 01 1('X:TS5 Abby Moore with WSP began the presentation by explaining where we are in the planning process.We are nearing the end of the planning process as we have drafted the plan and now need to finalize it with Cc,wly 11 I "A I4111(j rhoj'S1 I M011,1110e C01,011rity, Ill1l WSIll, Muld JuiisdIlcdonal I ocall Aktgattori Strategy Janually��1026 113age 989 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION any new or updated mitigation actions that the coinniurrities include.The plan will then need to be adopted and the LMSWG and communities will work on implementation for the next five years. S F P() N r 3� T J I! F)LA 1`4 Abby provided an overview of the structure of the draft plan including a suinniary of each section of the plan,as follows. Section 1:Introduction provides background information on the plan,including context and justification for planning and the scope of the plan, Section 2:Planning Process summarizes how the planning process was conducted and how all planning requirements were met,including how the communities,public,and stakeholders were involved in tile plan.This section also documents implementation progress of the last plan in terms of completed and deleted mitigation actions. Section 3:Planning Area Profile for summary information on the region and participating communities,including geographic,climate,demographic,and economic characteristics of the region. Section 4:Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment contains the bulk of the plan.This section presents the hazard identification and profiles each hazard with information on tile location at risk,past occurrences,probability of future occurrence,and vulnerability of people, property,and critical facilities. Section 5:Capabili",Assessment summarizes each community's existing tools,staff,and other resources that can support the implementation of mitigation projects. Section 6:1\1itigation Strategy reviews the goals and objectives of the plan and details how mitigation actions were identified and prioritized.Abby explained that existing mitigation actions from the previous plan were reviewed,and project status updates are reported in tile plan.Some projects were carried forward. Section 7:1%litigation Action Plan presents the action plan tables for each community. Section 8:Plan maintenance describes past plan integration,opportunities for future plan integration,and the process for regular monitoring,maintenance,and implementation of the plan, including ongoing responsibilities of the LMSWG. Section 9:Plan Adoption will document each community's adoption of the plan update. Annexes are provided for each participating conuilunity.The annexes provide an asset inventory with a full critical facility list,risk assessment data with vulnerability assessment results specific to the community for spatially defined hazards,and the mitigation action plan. Appendix A provides the Plan Review Tool,which documents for the plan reviewers where the planning requirements were met. Appendix B provides planning process documentation demonstrating how the LMSWG,public, and stakeholders were involved and engaged in the planning process. Appendix C provides mitigation alternatives analysis,documenting the review of mitigation action options,which is important for the CRS program planning requirements. Appendix D describes the County's method for HMA project prioritization. Appendix E lists data and resources that were referenced in the plan. ,k w v � I',it i gh�[ixi i S t i,t( )y 1)1 x{�a, )1'1Y:'10:P' I I I I q I�'I,I I 1 vt 1,/VA,i!,,i i i p i o i 11, t i i i q 44 vp� M011,1110e C01,011rity,11::11 WSJJ:" Muld Jui�sWcdonal I ocall Wdgadori Strategy Janually��1026 113age 1:3'Iii'+`11 990 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION KIFY FALAI NI)N E\J Planning Process Abby reviewed key parts of the planning process,including the LMSWG meetings,the public meetings. and all the participating communities'public outreach efforts.She noted that there is one more opportunity to get the public involved in the planning process with the review of the draft plan.The plan has been posted on the plan website.Cormnunities can share this link and encourage folks to read and comment on the plan. Abby reviewed some high-level survey results,which were previously presented to the LMSWG.There were 126 responses overall.Regarding past hazard experiences,many responses reference past hurricanes and flooding.Regarding recommended steps local governments could take to reduce hazard impacts, responses include suggestions for drainage improvements and regulations and guidelines for reduced risk of future development. Abby presented the Priority Risk index results as a suirimmy of the risk and vulnerability assessment.She explained that the PFJ is a methodology for comparing the hazards based on five categories:probability, severity,spatial extent,warning time,and duration.Flood,Sea Level Rise,and Tropical Cyclone were rated as"High Risk'for the County,The remaining hazards were rated has"Moderate"risk, Goals&Objectives Abby reviewed the updated goals and objectives discussed at the previous meeting.WSP has not received any additional comments since the last meeting,so Abby asked for any additional feedback.No further comments or revisions were recommended by the LMSWG.The plan goals and objectives are as follows: Goal 1:Protect and maintain the life,health,safety,and welfare of the community. • Objective 1.1:Provide public education and outreach to inform residents and visitors how to protect themselves and their property. • Objective 1.2:Improve preparedness,response,and recovery capabilities to minimize hazard impacts. • Objective 1.3:Reduce losses from business interruption and support long term business viability. Goal 2:Protect and preserve property and assets,including the built environment and natural resources. • Objective 2.1:Retrofit or otherwise protect coinniunity infrastructure systems,including critical facilities,utilities,water,sewer,communications,and transportation, • Objective 2.2:Use planning and regulatory tools to protect future development and prevent hazard risks from worsening. • Objective 2.3:Preserve and protect natural areas and resources that,provide hazard risk reduction and other beneficial functions. • Objective 2.4:Pursue property protection and structural projects to reduce vulnerability of existing Goal 3:Build local capacity to enhance resiliency and enable communities to quickly recover from hazard impacts. • Objective 3.1:Explore,develop,and implement new pre-disaster opportunities that build community resilience. • Objective 3.2:Ensure continuity and redundancy of critical local government operations and systems. Ww i�oc ,u:,v t I � ,,` I Vi[i(p�[i x�i i St i ,r)y I)I AM 1 1),n1 1A0 iq,1 wn''l I:Wqv VA,i kii 1 ioup-114,x,t inq 44 M011,1110e C01,011rity,11::11 WSJJ:" Muld JuHsWcdoi,4 I ocall Wdgadori Strategy Jaivually��1026 11 wag e 991 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION 0 Objective 3.3:Strengthen regional connections and continue to foster inter-jurisdictional coordination for risk reduction efforts. Mitigation Strategy Abby reviewed a sample of the mitigation action plan to explain the organization of the table and the information included for each project,such as the lead agency,timeline for implementation,and potential fi.inding sources. Abby asked the conunittee to submit final mitigation actions to Ranger by Friday,July I It".This includes mitigation action updates and new mitigation actions.She remised the cominittee to include any actions that conmurnities may want to pursue for grant funding in the next five years.In order to receive federal finding projects need to be included in this mitigation action plan. Mike asked if the mitigation action plan should include a project for residential elevation in order to be eligible for the State funding program.Cory noted that everything for the residential elevation program will go directly to the State.Abby noted that we will review State guidelines to ensure the County does not need to include a related action.Ranger noted that a general elevation and acquisition project remains in the action plan to ensure such projects are accounted for if funding streams were to change over time. PLAIN/V,)(NP I 1IDN AND I NU)IJEJAIF 1'\�VA T Abby explained that every coniniunity will need to adopt the plan.Template language for the adoption resolution from will be provided.Once FDEM approves the plan,conuilunities can adopt the plan. Moving forward,the LMSWG should meet quarterly to report on progress toward impletuentation and nionitor Raiding opportunities and implementation of mitigation actions.The plan will continue to be updated every five years. The LMSWG should send any final ittiligation actions updates or new actions to Ranger (rang e r,n if fins(Li, P.com)by Friday,July I I"',WSP will submit the draft plan to FDEM for review and approval on July IS"'. A final public meeting is scheduled for tonight,at 5pm,Please send any screenshots of meeting publicity to WSP so documentation can be added into the plan. The LMSWG was asked to review the draft plan which is available on tile plan website: Any draft plan coinnients should be sent by Friday,July 11"'. Cornments will be incorporated into the final approved version of the plan. 1 1),n1'AiUq,1wn''l i VA,i kjnlp Cioup-114,xt iniq 44 M011,1110e colarty,11::11 wsll:" Muld JuHsWcdonal I ocall Wdgadori Strategy Janually��1026 113age 1:3'���13 992 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION In thifs meeting Imune all X 0 Ruffin,Rarger A)l Alison Higgins�Unverf[ed,, AP Ajym5 Panzer VUrverffed: U, Beien Lindenberg&litwenfied'J B5 Rr'an Shea'Unveriffed? ;im airiste ro-irtm pnverlfied' KD Kplcee Degratfenred([Jrruerf[ed,, KA KpVs Health Ready Coalition A min oUrverifed'� IL Lallbachan-Vke(Unven5eclp M Lau rer."Well,"Unverified, L Livergood-Kristen lUnveffed) L ILi,ustberrk-Ilaabeth(Unvenfipc4 MIC @Aarmq,Ccvel I[(Ukwerifledi m1W Mat VdIlimani oUroerifed'} NUT fAepni Rumbajgh(Ulrverlfied� 110 L M 1 m i Youin g i Ul n ver Ified MODre Abigaill MA I , / ;Jreirreir RM Roibert If Cathelr QUnven fj ed) 01, Sa bind,Dan oUnyer ified} Schwisovi-Coi-y fUinveffied) W 511havinia's IltiJoretaker 6Unveffed) Tl( Toirn i(lJnvLpfitc,, ZR Zoie Porter'JnverfEd,, Imoli'llioe colarty,ll:::::Il wsjj:" Muld Julds0cdonal I ocall Wdgadollri Strategy janually��1026 l3age 993 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Iil, ""'Ik IG °IL... IL...II" II" 1 II II°" Per Florida Administrative Code Chapter 27P-22,annual meetings of the LMS working group are required.To maximize CRS credit and support plan maintenance and implementation,the Monroe County LMSWG meets quarterly.The table below summarizes the LMSWG meetings that have been held since the approval of the 2020 Local Mitigation Strategy in January 2021 until the start of this plan update in January 2025.Meetings have been held virtually via Zoom or at the Monroe County Government Center.Additional documentation of these meetings is maintained by Monroe County Emergency Management. Date&Time Topics Covered Elevate Florida, HMGP Update, Non-Disaster Grants Update,Watershed Planning 12/18/2024,1pm Program, LMS Update-Guest Speaker WSP,Upcoming Training,New Projects 6/28/2024,1 p m Mitigation Bureau Updates,HMGP/FMA/PDM Update,Training Opportunities National Weather Service,HMGP Update, Hurricane Idalia, New Projects-FKAA, 3/28/2024,llam Training Opportunities 9/20/2023,11am Hurricane Nicole HMGP,HMA BRIC/FMA, New Projects 8/9/2023,llam Hurricane Ian HMGP, project prioritization 4/28/2023,llam Hurricane Ian HMGP, project prioritization National Weather Service,HMA programs,Hurricane Ian HMGP, My Safe Florida 3/28/2023,llam Home program,training 12/6/2021,llam NWS 2021 hurricane summary, project prioritization for Covid HMGP Irma HMGP update,Covid HMGP, FDEM BRIC/FMA update,update on new LMS 10/20/2021,10am Board in WebEOC, NWS forecast 9/17/2021,3pm Hurricane Irma HMGP; NWS:tropical storm forecast 9/14/2021,3pm Hurricane Irma HMGP Hurricane Irma update, BRIC/FMA update, LMS Board in WebEOC, NWS:Tropical 7/15/2021,10am Storm Elsa,Domestic Abuse Shelter mitigation initiative LMS update approval, Key Colony Beach: mitigation initiatives to add,HMGP Irma update, BRIC/FMA update,CDBG Irma update, Lori Lehr:CPS info, NWS: hurricane 3/2-3/2021,loam forecast products and information Note:Documentation of LMSWG meetings held in 2022 was not available for this plan update. 0II""III°0 C01,01i""It a u. u� � y ..02 I"+°fll.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ I wag 994 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION IIII Illf IIIL......... IIII IIII IIII IIII IIII'.'.'.'.'.'. Illf IIII IIII IIIL......... IIII Illf 1114°°°°° sIIIPillllc IIIIII't li I!)WDIIIHc IllMeetioiilg""III""cIIIAcsm IIII")atcsm IIII ocstliooIIIIlIIs Meeting Meeting Title Meeting Topic Meeting Date Location 1) Introduction to DMA,CPS,and FMA Public requirements and the planning process March 13,2025 Microsoft Teams Meeting#1 2) Review of HMPC responsibilities and the 5 P.M. project schedule. Public 1) Review Draft Local Mitigation Strategy July 1,2025 Microsoft Teams Meeting#2 2) Solicit comments and feedback 5 P.M. M011°III°0 C01,01i"'Iw, „a u. u� � y ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ crag 995 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION P1 1131 /C MEE7 ING MINI 17 El"S, A I TI=NDANCE, AND ANN01 INCEMEN7's IIIIIIIII IL...II C ...............1 `4 C k 'AX���?C.......... 3, :,1�1110:,1�111III March 13,2025,Spm,Microsoft Teams A]I F There were eight attendees.The following individuals were in attendance: — Kris Tebbets — Torn Harding — Diane Smith — Steve Russ — Cory schwisow — David Stroud,WSP — Abby Moore,WSP — Ranger Ruffins,WSP ACJ — Welcome&Introductions — Why Plan' — Project Overview — Planning Process — Project Schedule — Next Steps — Discussion 1N1 ly 1:1�'All p David Stroud and Abby Moore with WSP facilitated the meeting following the agenda above.David began the presentation with why we plan in the first place-David discussed that the Disaster Mitigation Act(DMA)of 2000 which is codified in 44 CFR 201.6 requires local governments to update their hazard mitigation plans every five years to receive TEMA pre-and post-disaster mitigation funding through the Hazard Mitigation Assistance funding programs.David reviewed some trends in disasters including that we now have more frequent and intense hazard events and greater exposure to risk(people,property and critical infrastructure).In 2024 there were 27 billion-dollar disasters.Hazard mitigation is a priority for multiple reasons,including that the cost of doing nothing is too high,many events are predictable and repetitive,loss reduction can be effective,cost-beneficial,and environnientally-sound,there are legal and moral responsibilities to prevent disasters,and there are federal funds available to support initigation.The average benefit-cost ratio for federally-funded projects is 6:1, David explained that we must follow the DMA planning process and this plan will integrate Conununity Rating System(CRS)Activity 5 10 planning steps into the DMA four-phase planning process to meet the requirements of both programs.The DMA process provides continued eligibility for mitigation funding, guides mitigation activities in a coordinated and economical manner,integrates hazard mitigation with other planning mechanisms,directs future development in a safe manner,and helps make colimirmities more disaster resistant.The CRS program provides policy holders in participating communities with flood insurance discounts based on the number of CRS points the conunitaities earn.The flood insurance premium reductions are community-wide. ,V 10, a JAM'�.)i 0 1 'M,1,(1)' at 2 1 "S I I A,"P" Publir,hlio,W, "I PJ, I M011,1110e C01,011rity,II'""IL. wsll:" Muld JuidsdIcdonal I ocall Wdgadori Strategy Janually �1026 13age 996 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION WSP will ensure that the updated local mitigation strategy insets all FEMA planning requirements, coordinates with the natural hazards in the updated State Hazard Mitigation Plan includes natural and human-caused hazards as identified by the LMSWG,incorporates local climate change data and findings, and addresses equitable outcomes. Abby described the planning process in more detail. gainllii'r:lr:,^IIlesewiores i'illlra�e"III...d'r Phase i is already underway.The LMSWG was reconvened with some new members and will be asked to attend meetings,provide input on risk and capability,update mitigation actions,and review plan drafts. The planning team will also identify stakeholders that should be invited to participate in the planning process,especially those that may be able to represent underselved communities and/or vulnerable populations.Abby asked attendees to suggest any groups,people,or stakeholders that should be included. I1311h'ase2 �, ssessIII1111V'slllis Phase 2 covers the risk assessment,which includes the hazard identification,the vulnerability assessment, and the capability assessment.The hazards that were addressed in the previous plan were presented and are as follows:tropical cyclones,flood,severe storms(thunderstorm wind,lightning,and hail),tornadoes and waterspouts,sea'level rise and climate change,drought,wildfire,coastal erosion,extreme heat, radiological incident,and cyber attack. Ililll"Iase, erelEe112ellldh'tmpet,li'�w111id't�isetepy' Please 3 involves developing a mitigation strategy by reviewing and updating the plan goals and objectives,evaluating mitigation alternatives,including existing and new projects,and drafting an action plan with prioritized projects.Abby reviewed different approaches to mitigation,the six FEMA/C.RS mitigation categories:property protection,structural projects,emergency services,natural resource protection,and public education.In the plan update c'ommnunities must have at least one action for each natural hazard to meet FEMA requirements and should include a flood-related action for at least 5 of the 6 mitigation categories to maximize CRS credit. 1311hase4... ,deptleo-"ul+wiid III rm"mIII''rllleiineul"i'ta't''ion Phase 4 is where the corrmmrmities must adopt and implement the plan.The communities and LMSWG will meet quarterly to review the action plan and look for funding and opportunities to implement projects.The plan will continue to be updated every five years. P1IZ1,OF C T°-r I k S:,l YI h7 Abby presented a tentative schedule for the planning process,which includes additional LMSWG meetings around April,May,and June.The draft plan is due to FDEM in July.The plan must be approved by FDEM and FEMA and adopted by all communities before the current plan expires in January 2026. N�FM STEPS Abby discussed public outreach efforts which include public meetings facilitated by WSP,a public survey,and a plan website.The plan website will host the survey,meeting materials,and draft plans for review when made available. IAMIr nIYY I I VI[(I=I1'i„irt G,ip'l)pd, Ou NAII I'm Hy , I, I I A 1'410 11 i r.+ `dbIIlc I`A' (I"g r;I l uq'I p Mill""III"M4?.C Strategy y ..026 Idl.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIMnIWn I.,.Mnd"In Il+fillLll„;InLIIMnIII LII"inLq.q,,;,, nnIWI.NInII"'„ Wittig W III.,Ii''Illwm 997 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION f Share ihimte pre errrerw Q3) INNLAe RIU Ruff rns,Rznge r A Moore,Alzj�gal li Stroud,David AP Angela Perer(UnverilfUe ll} t. Corey(IUlnuerified) IDS Diane S'rrrrithr Q'Jinveu>fied) yr` firis7elhbbett;s(iJhn eriiF'iied) y Ss Vrmsow C'a nnr^ U Uinverified) Sllf" Syeve Russ U irwer1ffied) 01 Tom Mar�d'inq(Unvrii� umu°°lu°umun r""�„Mml.du""ILy„II'""IL. SIG" y r yy y ..026 Imfll.s Lu°°hl,Nllll..o„Ild"LIIMnIWn I.,.umd"In Il+fillLll„;InLIIMnIII LII"i;uLq.q,,;,, UnIWI.NInII"'„ stag;III. 998 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION County hosts mitlation meeting /.O., i MONROE COUNTY Y—%Aon oe County is updatdub the muitd 7uiu isrfic•tioual Local Mitigation Strategy to reduce the risk of loss faovn a}ffirricrne'.,flooaloag or other disaster. x Th:iS phGiv u11dUte.is required for ttte c ouitty and incorporated corn ununities to maintain engihuluty for pre-and l7oSt-dusastes MitlgLFLIo❑hindntg from I LMA.This ef6,ort will also help all c:oinmuurttes identify hazard asks, uutfrratandl vulnerability and de:eky and prioritize proa.(Lively mitigating risk. Trending Now .. 0 roll t d ident N FintBe]etam..t amit_y.. .. .. C""'i mec:ds Cfty of Key Colony Beachi, Florida rvl,3II"3III1r°ifs IM ')"119 A d VIRTUAL PUBLIC ILIIEIETING (REGARDING MITIGATION STRATEGY & RIISIK TO, BE HELL MARCH 1 MONROE COUNTY, FL— Monlcae C'Ounty is updating the Mufti-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy, Th7 s pllaln ripdate is required for the county and incorporated communities to u-nalintailrn eligilbiility for pre- alnd post-disaster iniltigation funding frcolln FEIVIA.This effort will also hlellp alll colmmilunitiies identify hazard risks, understand vulmeralbihity, anci develop and 1prioritize prcmactuvelly mnitigalting rusk. To, (kick off the planning princess, a virtrial 1publlilc nnieeting will be helld on Tlhuirsday, March 13 at S p.mi. to provide infornnation on the plan update 1process, reviews the identBifliecl hazards, and gather feedback frcinni the 1public. For more Iinfcdrrnation about the 1plain update and to register to receive the meeting link, visit wwwl R IiMS c 0 nill "heat its mitigation? I 'Iitligation means reducing the risk of llcfss from any undesirable event, (like a hurricane, flooding, or ether disasters In short, mitigation means to minimize lass or hlarrirr, I r:r,:;ilv iPnriernrt ,n R illiiir Cinurnrnne nt F;ir:klrnld Si°u ilIlle vMpll",Iioe . II.s d Juidsdcdonal I ocall +fillLll„;ALIIMtIII Strategy januaiy���, 999 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION From:city of ,:, ., a Subject: N Mcal Mitigation Strategy Pulalic l i l , . i Constant Cori tact TiN vnd)l nur'kefing Part 1a". N,NkN! it of Marathon„ Florida I11`11`1'II Ir It II 1011 at wr 391 Y1 AM �P�V 4P llt"s time to lupdate the IMonroe County Local Mitigation, Strategy!! Join us for a virtual Ipublile meeting on 3/13,at 5pin to (learn about the plan update and (pre ii e inplut and hazairds, risks„ and mitigation opportunities. CIIIick 3+7c96fc9'T a5ad 458b to, registeli°and receive a Iilnk to attend the uneeting. der more Iinlfernnatien,about the plan update, visit w^ )l 5A Scr� mmi��� t l �IuY: I. II 3 uI1 11(:"Ir3't Send hi uwr V.,, 0IIIII"0e coLdll"',w, „a u. u� gy y ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ 3age I;3,311 1000 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION w('0 L III "N'"Y IDEPAS2T\IE:'.T&SER\ICES/PROGFY.,iM5 0732 CO]S:IDL\-iT"V&'S;vD IT FAST n rFjM 2;all,"IIndar View ail ea0euedan is the default_Chose Select a C'atlendt lu view a specific calendar. Select the arrows on Other side of the current month To change the month.. R. I Virtual Public Meeting:Local Mitigation)Strategy&Risk nor': nnardn ts,2025 -4t G 4 IIPI°,,hli'IJ,2025 11n",. sooPr,a-roaPra Lacs F,,, For mon=_infarmation about the plan update and In register to reserve the der-roe County updating the IVIIuh Jul'lsdicdgnal Local Nd inigation Strategy_This plan update Is Iequaad for the county and incorporated im=ng fink visit Wnl es tonantain eligibility for pro and postdsaster mtgation finding frOn,FEIUTA.This effort wfll also help all eonmrntes 0—tif .Yl( �t d7l1 I,IS F hazard se" understand vulneiabdity,and do-lop and prioritize proactively mitigatting risk. To kick off the planning process a vir1F,sI pW kic meeting,l be held on Thorsd.ay,INarch 13 at 5 IF m_to provide information on the plan update process,revievn the identified hazards,and ipt feedback fi�om the public. Far .ore nfornatOn boot the plan n.pdate and to register to I„cev the meeting link,—ft..v to h,I i_t OL _ What tigafion?I'1itgton means Iloading the risk of loss from any Lrdesiroble event like a humpane flooding In otherdsaste s.In short,mitigation means to myrfirmad loss OF hai m. II.s d Juidsdcdonal I ocall +fiIIILII„;aLIIoIII Strategy janually I w,ag 3'°i'2 1001 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION )u C II"A 1111 100:.0 11 111 4G ','III! JU Y :i!,! 1!!!a I B,1, 1`API F I'1 4 Z July 1,2025,Spm,Microsoft Teams There were twelve attendees.Tile following individuals were in attendance: — Cory Schwisow,Monroe County Emergency Management — Liz Lustberg,Monroe County Planning Department — Tom Harding,Key Colony Beach Commissioner — M'Liss Bordelon — Carlos Javier — Dave — Harry Appel — Janine Oliveria — JW — Rey — Ranger Ruffins,WSP — Abby Moore,WSP u. Project Overview&Where we are in the planning process 2 Draft Plan Review Structure of the Plan Review of Key Plan Components Plarming Process Risk Assessment Mitigation Strategy 4 Plan Adoption&Implementation 5, Next Steps (, Discussion/Feedback on Draft Plan F11"ZOIR-:T W1-111:(�',1':VVF,,°,IQI 1114"1 dl 1'11 Al,fl,,JING PIRC)CTSS Abby Moore with WSP began the presentation by explaining where we are in the planning process.We are nearing the end of the planning process as we have drafted the plan and now need to finalize it with any new or updated mitigation actions that the conuirunities include.The plan will then need to be adopted and the LMSWG and communities will work on implementation for the next five years. S1 R(,I(,:TIJPF OF 1H: 1'ILA11,4 Abby provided an overview of the structure of the draft plan including a summary of each section of the plan,as follows. Section 1:Introduction provides background information on the plan,including context and justification for planning and the scope of the plan. Section 2:Planning Process summarizes how the planning process was conducted and how all planning requirements were met,including how the communities,public,and stakeholders were involved in the plan.This section also documents implementation progress of the last plan in teens of completed and deleted mitigation actions. Section 3:Planning Area Profile for summary information on the region and participating communities,including geographic,climate,demographic,and economic characteristics of the region. Aonwc a l,iI Iffl,[.fflori SU 0:,)y )Idy Puhlicl,/IccnIq ) M011,1110e,W.„ Multi Juidsd�cdonal I ocall A�dgadori Strategy Janually��1026 13age 1:3,33 1002 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Section 4:Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment contains the bulk of the plan.This section presents the hazard identification and'profiles each hazard with information on the location at risk,past occurrences,probability of future occurrence,and vulnerability of people, property,and critical facilities. Section S:Capability Assessment summarizes each community's existing tools,staff,and other resources that can support the implementation of initigation projects. Section 6:Mitigation Strategy'reviews the goals and objectives of the plan and details how mitigation actions were identified and prioritized.Abby explained that existing mitigation actions from the previous plan were reviewed,and project status updates are reported in the plan.Some projects were carried forward. Section 7:mitigation Action Plan presents tine action plan tables for each community. Section 8:Plan Maintenance describes past plan integration,opportunities for future plan integration,and the process for regular monitoring,maintenance,and implementation of the plan, including ongoing responsibilities of the LMSWG. Section 9:Plan Adoption will document each community's adoption of the plan update. Annexes are provided for each participating conuilunity.The annexes provide an asset inventory with a Rill critical facility list,risk assessment data with vulnerability assessment results specific to the community for spatially defined hazards,and the mitigation action plan. Appendix A provides the Plan Review Tool,which documents for tine plan reviewers where the planning requirements were met. Appendix B provides planning process documentation demonstrating how the LMSWG,public, and stakeholders were involved and engaged in the planning process. Appendix C provides mitigation alternatives analysis,documenting the review of mitigation action options,which is important for the CRS program planning requirements. Appendix D describes the County's method for HMA project prioritization. Appendix E lists data and resources that were referenced in the plan. K11 Y FT IT`S Abby reviewed key parts of the planning process,including the LMSWG meetings,the public meetings, and all the participating communities'public outreach efforts.She noted that there is one more opportunity to get the public involved in the planning process with the review of the draft plan.The plan has been posted on the plan website.Communities can share this link and encourage folks to read and comment on the plan. Abby reviewed some high-level survey results,which were previously presented to the LMSWG.There were 126 responses overall.Regarding past hazard experiences,many responses reference past hurricanes and flooding.Regarding recommended steps local governments could take to reduce hazard impacts, responses include suggestions for drainage improvements and regulations and guidelines for reduced risir of future development. Abby presented the Priority Risk Index results as a suinnary of the risk and vulnerability assessment.She explained that the PR1 is a methodology for comparing the hazards based oil five categories:probability, severity,spatial extent,warning time,and duration.Flood,Sea Level Ris,and Tropical Cyclone were rated as°"High.Risk"for the County.The remaining hazards were rated has"Moderate"risk. Gauls&Objectives ✓onf r :'..a,I>i I , d A[lqaIiz n S 1 rl I eay Upl ,r^ 1u 0,- I d p�i9.i� 11 Ir ,11 cl' li In 4]lic.I rr-�rr'W ri'lt. 1 u r 1 01'"I I"4 e,W.�. �„oLdll'"1Ly„II""IL... III'" I . d Juidscicdonal I ocall fiL„ sLoI I Strategy n�WNsII"t ..026 1003 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Abby reviewed the updated goals and objectives discussed at the previous LMSWG meeting.The plan goals and objectives are as follows: Goal l:Protect and maintain the life,health,safety,and welfare of the community,. • Objective 1.1:Provide public education and outreach to inform residents and visitors how to protect themselves and their property.. • Objective 1.2:Improve preparedness,response,and recovery capabilities to minimize hazard impacts. • Objective 1.3:Reduce losses from business interruption stied support long term business viability. Goal 2:Protect and preserve property and assets,including the built environment and natural resources. • Objective 2.1:Retrofit or otherwise protect con nrunity infrastructure systems,including critical facilities,,utilities,water,sewer,communications,and transportation, • Objective 2.2:Use planning and regulatory tools to protect future development and prevent hazard risks frorn worsening. • Objective 2.3:Preserve and protect natural areas and resources that provide hazard risk reduction and other beneficial Junctions. • Objective 2.4:Pursue property protection and structural projects to reduce vulnerability of existing Goal 3:Build local capacity to enhance resiliency and enable communities to quickly recover from hazard impacts. • Objective 3.1:Explore,develop,and implement new pre-disaster opportunities that'build community resilience. • Objective 3.2:Ensure continuity and redundancy of critical local government operations and systems. • Objective 3.3:Strengthen regional connections and continue to foster inter jurisdictional coordination for risk reduction efforts. Mitigation Strategy Abby reviewed a sample of the mitigation action plan to explain the organization of the table and tyre information included for each project,such as the lead agency,timeline for implementation,and potential funding sources. Abby asked attendee to review the mitigation action plan and submit any questions or ideas for additional actions to Cournty's consultants.Suggestions should be submitted by Friday,July 11`i',The draft plan is available for review on the County's LMS plan website https r,�vv tiv_r'nomoe untytl-lm i oni./. 1e1lla�IlA1")1,F IIIIINf"I'ATI(A",J Abby explained that every conun inity will adopt the plan once it has been approved by F )EM.Moving forward,the LMSWG will meet quarterly to report on progress toward implementation arid nnonitor fiunding opportunities and'implementation of mitigation actions.The plan will continue to be lu'pdated. every five years. NFXY I['"P1r The draft plan is available for review on the plan website:https:i/www,iiiotiroecafiuigytl�-iiiiw i rrinJ.Any draft plan continents should be sent by Friday,July 11°i'.Conmrents will be incorporated into the final approved version of the plan. Monfoc iI i.: d AI (pftizn`UfC oy Upl 'rn )u✓ I d p�i9.i� 11 Ir 11 cl' li In 4]lic.I rr-�rr'W ri'lt. 1 u r I!6 01""I I"0e c I y ..026 I.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ind,,:Llld�dlW� I.,.Mrd"I� Il+fillLll„;IoLIIM�III Strategy n�IWI.NIoII"'„ 1004 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Participants x Invlt( ()mr,omr,or dll,�ninmlx,r (D' ............................................................. .................................................... I'l Share hill mute all Rufflins,Ranger Ciganlzer I IM Moore,Ail hill r A Cigazer Atterdees!f'Q) mute all MB BoirdeN<)n,M'lLiiss(Uin,.rei,ufied) 0 Call Jai ieir(Unverified) 141 ID Dave(Urve.il �& I Harry All-Deerrun On The kdantic(Unverified) J10 Janine ohvefi a(Unverified) J Jw(ljrverirfied� L Lustbeirg-Ellizall(Di vprifiecl) 141 R Rey(Uil ti ScInwisow-Coiry(Uil rH Torn,-iairdirg(unvenhed� I C01I 11::11 wsjj:" I JuidsWcdonal I ocall In Strategy janually��1026 11wage 1:3,36 1005 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION �l„uu l �l Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy Update-Virtual Public Meeting 07-01-2025 - 5:00 PM MON ROECOUNT4 PRESS RELEASE,, The Mona-County Ural n�Witigatio nalegy update I.laced'/C rrpdte,and w LEe.nt tc heal fY'al.l you.l,7ln o far a virtu I pub lrc meetiurg on rou'da 'oiv 1'-at I, t�Y]al'N,Lai It the draft p,l„I and pi, ide you-,;miner-to thu planlrur y luarm,C.II k I IcI to regIs Irr to attend. 7'Ybs p171I k vaplates.O,ll'rnn'Ir LLl nlIaIL n azil J I IIska e ri vn lne bIl IILes a n r.„da b I is IIF s q,)a l2,UFjf,LIV,a,ar,II ACifr n,for I l{II I I I and bull Y13Yg Inca I&�iIieI ce.This plan uIt lIat RI ss r a-Ired forthr.0 ty aced iIt cII cloned ccrrur uluf4es t,a mall 0a ur eligidd d/fcI pre-and r,t di—teL rn Ifigation fxending ftorn'i I MA., 1 115 Ynl E lil I,S a o'p`p�ItLIIIlty hr', drare/e�ur exp uu rites arkd Identify reecorrnug risks . fl u,rftg:lo a I:rnetYar uIle har..c IAu .cCau tt 11encp Pl adlrfe`eedb.ktnata-111r4 far a plan fllatnilly refiect nc�ervesr uucimunPry I., infolmatiov laout the plan upl it visit L IA)ni�aef (nitll IVI S in Key Colllory Igeach Faceboolk GIramp 3dniiin a aR 13'ai:s° 110111 p B,e ac h rlla,rua°a II.1. Monroe CCwmlmty I cC�'all Mitigation Strategy Update-`I.(irtlJal Pijlollic IMeeting C7-01-2025-5:00 P10 MONIROE COUNTY PRESS RELEASE The:I Cou rityy L;Oca�Mltlgaftr Strategy ulpdate its neadlly complete,amd we wart to hear from yciu,I Join Imes fora srilntlual PLIblilc me:eh:irig on Tuesday,Jmlly list at 5 pm to Ileai,n altaaln,it:tih,e,ckaft plan and provide your comlments to the pllamn ng team,Click.here to register toattend. Thiis plan III rlsk:s and v ullmer�ataiilltlles and establishes goals,, objectives,amd actions foi,i°e:dluciinlg rirslk and Eoluilldilmg loc,all res lielrrtc�e,This plan update Is also regI-Illred f'orthre cou rit'y and incorporated ec,rnlmunit'ies to maintain eligibility for'I and post-� CII'isaster lmiltigat'iom f�indilmg f'irom FIl T'NS meeting is an cpportun tya to; • Share yot-w exlperilelnces almd,identify recurring risk, • DISCUSS'Imiitil,g'atIOrr aCtiioml7s that Willi,emPnarCe Molnmce,Ccaurnty's 1°esillii-ercy • Prondide teedldac,k.that Is crucilall for plar that t,rully°reflects and�serp,es o�r c,olmlr unl'ty For more iirrformatiomr about the.pllam ull vllslt wwrr v YylomroeCou,,intyF'IL-�ILM�S,,,comb,, M011^,1110r r""�„nnLdu""Ity„III"IIIL. SIG" Juiisdictional I ocall +I IIT�LIL I I Strategy hPWN�II"y ..026 1006 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION City of Key Colony IBealeh,(Florida `vlonrae COUnity ILacal Mitigation Strategy Update-Virtuall Pub1h,c `vleefiag 07-01-2025-500 P'N11 '00NROE COUNTY PRESS RELEASE The Mionlri©e Counbi Locall Vifigation Strategy update is nearly complete,aind we waint to Fveair frorn you!Join U.'f0fa V FtUall P'Llblk meeting on Tuesday,JLIIIY'lSt at 51 piny to learn about the draft 1plain and provide your coini to the planning teaim.Click(here to reglister to attend. This,plan evaluates 0U1'C0M1ML1r11ufieS1'1hazard risks al"'Uhnerabilities and establishes goals,objecb,,res1l and actions for redLl6iny risk and building locad resilience,This plan Update is also re'qUiFed for the CO'LlInty and unclunrperated CDIMI'Mlli to maintaineligibility for pre-and post- disaster m itiiqafion funding From FEN4A. This,meefing is an opportunity to: Share Y10'Ur expe16ences and identify recurring risks DiSCUST Inniitugatiiunn actuoins that will1l enhance Vionrce County's resrllieincy Provide feed1back that is ci-Ll6all for a plan that tFLdY reflects and se es. CLIF cornmunity For more infoii abO'Llt the Iplllan update,v sdt -LEIS,colln. Ulli�e Corrvivilent Colunty,Local Mitigation Strategy Meeting -July 1 The Nonroe County Local Mitigation Strategy update iis nearly complete,and we want to hear from you!Join uis for ai%drituall 1publliic meeting on,Tuesday,July I at 5pm to learns abouit the draft 1pllan, and provide your comments to,the planning team.Click on the button,bellow to registei to attend. This plain evaluates our communities'hazard)risks and vulnerabillifies and establishes goals,Objec- tives,and actiions for reducing risk and building Ilocall resilience.This plain update is also required for thie county and incorporated communities to maintain eligibility for pre-and post-disaster mitigation funding from FEMA. This meeting is ain opportunity to: Share youir expeniences and identify recurring risks Discuss mitigiation actions,that will enhance Monroe County's resiliency Pirovide feedback thatis cruciall for a plan thattiully reflects and serves our COMMUnity For more information about the 1pllani update,visit 11 MS umin. Ill) q A011,1110e C01,01inty,11::11 wsjl:" Muld JuHoWcdonal I ocall Wdgadori Strategy janually��1026 113age 1:3,313 1007 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION City of Mlaratho,n, Floricia 4h 0 The Monroe County Local Mitigation,Strategy update is nearly complete,and the City of Marathon and Monroe County want your participation. 140111%a Monroe County BOCC-Florida Keys a W" 1111_,;�p ?2h ,J The Monroe County Local Mitigation,Strategy update is nearly co,rnplete,and we want to hear frorni you!Join us for a virtual public meeting on,Tuesday,July 1 at 5prri to learn abolut the draft plan, and provide yourcomments to the planning team. This plan,evaluates our communities"hazard risks and vulnerabilities and establishes goals,objectives,and actions for reducing risk and building local resilience.This plan update is also required for the county and incorporated communities to maintain eligibility for pre-and post-disaster rnitigation funding from FEMA. This meeting is an opportunity to: 0 Share your experiences and identify recurring risks 0 Discuss mitigation actions that will enhance Monroe County's resiliency 0 Provide feedback that is crucial for a plan that trully reflects and serves our community For more information about the plan update and to register for meeting,visit LMSx.orn. Monroe County Err�ergency IManagernieunt- Florida Keys Q rl 22h 0 The,Moniroe County Local Mitigation Strategy update is nearly complete,and we want to hear frorn yoLfl;Joini us for a virtual Ipublic meeting on Tuesday, July 1 at 5prn to learn about thie draft plan and provide your comrnents to the plannalig teani. This plan evaluates our communities hazard Irisks and vulnerabilities and estabfishies goals, objectives, aind actions for reducing risk and ILuildinlg local resilience.This plan update is also required for the county and in,corporated co i'-nmu iiii ties to maintain efigibifity for pre- and post- disaster mfl:igation funding from FEM.A. This meeting its an opportunity to: 0 Share your experiences and identify recurring risks 11 Discuss mitigation actions that will enhance Monroe County's resiliency 0 Provide feedback that is crucial for a plan that truly reflects and serves our community �For more information about thie plan update and to register for the,rneeting,visit LMS,ciainn 10 .II LY�, Il1.ilk u FD Ccuinnii,neir�t 'A(rdl i cornimeint... M011,1110e C01,01inty,11::11 wsll:" Muld JuHsWcdonal I ocall Wdgadori Strategy Janually��1026 113age :3,39 1008 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION I M nroe Counity BOCC - FloridaKeys 5611K II II rrrr sr 117d fllurnuing, I' Following Message Poafa Fnlu,u t IRMcrntu urns P{mr,„1 6'hrtaksaM V¢a s", ma",•r -^ Intro Posts a„„1FaGers This is the official government page of Monroe County Board of County Carnmp....rs. ( S Monroe Cnwnty BOCC-Florida Keys "'a'N Page Government urgaovza2iun The Mono—C.-ty L.a.1 Vikugation 5tlrategy update is nearly complete,and—ant to hear from yauo J'arin us fora virtual public meeting or.Tuesday,July 1 at 5pm to learn about the draft plan r MONIR©E,COUNTY OF and pr—de yoarr oomni to Ibi,planning team. ;fn rfiis Page This planeva8—tes + .unR Lazard risks and+rulner 6litoes and e.ffafalishes cyaafs, W(. (305)292.-4411 .hijectives,and actions for redi risk and building local resilience.This plair update is also recurred for the county and incorporated w nnn pities to maintain eligibilify for pre-and post- 1, pio@mc irreecaunity-11 got disaster mitigation ftinding from TEMA This meeting os an opportunity to: utlyflcrov d'Share your erperiencea and identify recurring risks �k D Clsausa mitigation achams that rolN enhance Monroe Foiwnry's nasilieucy fug C7genn av _ ❑Provide feedback that is crucial for a plan that truly reflects and serves our community par more lnfformatiun about the plan wpdate and to register for meeting,visit vv,o,moMtl i,irc):eCcrt.ar,utylFL-1a'AS,onam. Photos e all photo=. 0 1 I�gyres d> r, .'on /I, r 4{uu utiN tVa lir„u Y+ f.lr<u,nn+i,i rrF irf un I,l+osC, T' ffrr rr a.. r r • ' In as Select Lingua y "a 'IF P 10 WRGV SAVING TIPS MIDAIR NESOURCCS ll(IMY BOARD I"GNSIGN RAU.0 FIINANCIIAL IINl ORkI fIDN NLYSNEWS 1 1 � Fela 11,.2tl Mdllpslurlsd1e11.nel ILocal M'ptlga#Ion Strategy The Monroe Coundy Local Mitigation Strategy Update is nearly csarnipiete,and ewe rvaem H t to hear from you!Join Lis Tor a vihuak publicrueeting on Tuesday, ,Vcipy ist at Spam to learn about the draft plan and proviide your comments to the planning team Click here to register Is attend. This plant evaluates our cornmu.inR,ies'hazzard risks and vulnerabilities and establishes g€rais,objectives,and actions for redudrig dsk end ouilding kcal Cesiliience..This pagan update o aiso required for the county ants iinccrporated communities to maintain eligibi ioi pre-and post-disaster milfunding from FEfuO.rA.. This meeting is an oppopluniity to:: -Share your experiences and identify recurring risks Discuss nrnhigatiion callous that will enhance Monroe Gauntq's resiliiency -Provide feedback that its crucial for a plain that truly reflects and serves Our community For mire inlorunation about the prlan update,visit auww M nnroeCcuMyFl f M,S caurr 4 I olil'I IIicne t.�" n„fGl.f ll'"1 L,U^„II""'IL... SIG„w I+ . d JuildsWcdonal I ocall fiL„aLoII InL"fLqcs n�WN�II"y ..02 wage I;3,410 1009 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION ffffffffff CC7NTACTuS........ Join us for a virtuall public meeting on Tuesday,July 1 st at 5pm to learn about the draft plan and provide youar comments to the planning team 1:� h,:u•,torergilstelrtoattend. N I 1 0II"°III°0 coLdu"'Iw, „a u. u� � y ..02 Kidd Ild"LIIMtIWt I.,.Mtd"It Il+fillLll„;ISLIIMtIII uLll"itLq.q,,;,, ntIWI.NISII"'„ I wage I1:3,41 II 1010 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION IFlmom, hlurngn Ras'ururces-h_rF ft:.eelYJx� (sent:TJesdisV,July 1,2025 3.:52 p?A srvuhpect:'.Mulrnrue County LOC3I Mitigation Strategy Final Public mmeeding Greetings, This Imessage il:s baling sent on h,eh allf of Barren Lilndenlberg,Srcniot Director Sp onrsoned l Fmrr eullflMy'EEN5 hh.ff.IFE r85wAnt.. Co fy,Fg 0—Y3 tJ.mg.di:I.d t ,th�-,—tl4hustt'YT'f Lindenberg.S......LWIFEVCCCIf'SIISmPAGo—JPMk]gYFli Yll5,Pn'be,YYYt.Ai3 a,na rread'prnant on the Mo proe C u urnty Lcrca d P1'+trgwfau Strategy('L dMS,i work.'Jny group. The'di'tae-yerua-,uuean update rs rnearty conlrp:ere,aodvue v,+eanr to heaar final Nvrr Jbu,ue fue Tawrtual pu b,meermg un Tuesdny,hify'4,at'ntGpentiedears,about the rfn'I fruf>:.ra'c And pao,wde yomrr c/:9:mniants to the pds,nnrng ream.TP.ck£here to a�srer To afternd. Thrs plan a vak.ro to s cur m ernnm rarnrtras'."ha.^ard mks god wufnerafr bbes and es tabUsheaa goads,axdxp'ec dives„*and ac teona fbr'reducierg}rs k and!cuu?dahg focal nssebernce.Tfera pfan vudare NG nfsorerpeetred for tit county and rnconpsnrateri conlnatantYtaes to nraaaintam edrgrbr.Ityyforpre-nnrdrrost,hsastea mtrgnrimn fundingfrwn FFJ'^'d'A. TW,raveeOog is an oppnnrdurrrryarn. -.aware your expnerrernc.e:a ar od�rdealtrfy recar a rrrg ndsF:a- C+dsceess nrnitrgarimn actions that odds anhanmca Wnroe County's resWency -Pnnmir..Ye fevecPbalcklPre�t'a'acn.ecraP don a'rcdanthatbuiyrefPacts..-ndavves raurcomm,.rngy For more utfonne:6on aboutthe piarn update,vdart :T4vrral sed.7 rnrrP.'vd-r iPCS.conr,. Thanks, Berea Paymec CY..Ciivcflaa rd'seg ,9endrar Dfrec Rar,°3ponaored d'aagoams T J05-:309-3fCJ9 >Ctg c,e of Talent Akcoyudsahioln,.Devell»prnne€rva,.and Aucooulemnlbilit},I PTADA4 &eanaiiP:ihr@cfk..edlu Phone:311'3,-809-3 9.79{3D5-909-31IlS f 0 1-1L, E G hp f� kM II u The College ofthe Florida.Keys 59DIL College Road 11 Key West,FL 3304E vawda w.ef,..pdul yµ. I 0 II'"I II"tLe r.�" u„tC l.d ll'"1 L,y„III"II IL. IG„w I a g y ..026 I.s III°°nl,Nllll..w„Ill"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ I°ar,g 1011 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION IL....... II Ikllllllll IIIIIIIII� II..I..Ikllllllll „.. ..I °°°°.III 4 I� COIN TACT Wi I P_Iro',u ect Ti m e I i In 'Norlkinrg Group IMaattlny#1 ------------ January2p25 IFiaLxllic IMAaatcny JR1 ............ February 2025 'tJ'arlkinrg Group Moat #2 ._...__ .A.pri,ll'2'.025 .�ui✓ey I_u la. 'wtJ'r rlkrnrg Group Maaten,y JW3 ............ May 2025 'wtdarlkinrg Group IMAaatcny#4 ............ Juira 2025 IRUL-IIicl 92 June202'..5 fill ( I!J 1 1 I 11 1 ) 1 ) 1 J l IUl 11�if1 Irlf/ � IJI !! lIIJI1�l 11 i1�,l fig»11��Ilr rrr111J1/111�J�1»�l�lr'�11��11�llJ,r<�/rJJ��»I r Jul 2025'.. Flan Lb"tt3 t@IFL GEM9 ,+ C.urr'erxt Flain!Expriretreur, ._...__ January 2026 Meeting at r W I11����������� �,/..,,,I1,JJ U11)ll 111) II II)U1111 11111)111) �. i} i err �;,,;,,,,�„; „),�,,, �,���,,,, �CP11,,@12.r-ILh�15'M"!a"R"a M.c�tiin. u I Jrirc.i to anr�I ircxrrmrurf�illu��oiri�. �f�((.(�fr(��ff�(1(r�r(rr� frr��. � >llu»�»>I»ll»lllllllill»>loll»llllllrlll�l�lllllrll�lll�lrlrllllllll»>��I�Illlill�l�lll1111111��1���11111111111111111����111��1111111111111�1� 03f26f25.-LIh45'r"G Meefing2l`Vhrni5i„and Lrra^m�;rir4-rlr is y Cal>G.CT I I :.,rrcJ l i 61 r 7.iri i F,.,k Nr, ?:.x. 06(05125.-LNeN5WG Meetng3 l'Vli inubwi„and J`r ra^m�;rir[-rlr is 7 I�R4�T�.a=xr�lfity w„ sre n. C01.01i""ILy„II'""IL. SIG" Ip . d JuildsWcdoinal I ocall fiL„ 5LLII I Strategy npIWN511"y ..02 1012 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Visit Key West Live,Work&IIIacate The Chamber am M1im�Nu ph i iN iA Jo PUBLIC I NPUTREQUESTED REGARDING LOCAL HAZARD IPI , S NID MITIGATION OIPTIONS NI ■ y � I 011 II:M Itl `ih I IN 11ormr , glld t" +GI d dIj) , Hl" "/;(IIII lent flk Ilan d I IvWIII�PVuar'o rh; I.,a fl vw I u bu pi to ¢k �Inl i.p(IIIl, t11u�: plamn,, lu b� uhgIbl" ii�ar "lti hnIi�a"d lii ,-,-I!Inn p�rlrtr_f "tln" n, Jolni l,md Will df �h r,,, 111,110 a,,ri III("-a'Io Hl� t,l 11 'I)MI "";r h w.flin"ua,;'1:r"I",mplptI ibi r4 lmhhu ur v,vy ,t:'ar r%Ick"� yo 1, fillo.d ollY"I���!�, 1 ., , d n " '¢ " !;(-1I) 1�i 0 Y>a YOU- I;Y...v lw,i , d r iI tu ilrl=r �r9usu"a.I nl a�x w u u ;rra" r e' I o, Inol" n 111,11m al°lo W thr yak,uujp,( -:r,=, I"lY nurwo-cruint,fH irri grin; �)i,i lh He nu odll Blur;@ i)lurllr i1:km JIar„aaa't illaa.,iJrYllfl1„OmJ N;a^ I a".,al "Nol "Illw,(,I�rujp ;,,m.91iubliukm lr,lr.=ili-';; dthu Hnh fnrthr Imdakr,m woy, haII`drO. ),11 irl lld whrO rInN ,thm Ia'nnlm:I wru°^lu°wrur w""�„oLdu""ILy„II'""IL. SIG" cps y ..02 Iwfll.s Lu°°nl,Nllll.."„Ild"LIIMwIWs I.,.Mad"m Il+fillLll„;mLIlMwlll LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, nsIWl.Nmll"'„ wage II3,414 1013 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION .., ,elm a ., „, ,,,, , r' , � iinrnYll�Y �iU1�i��i��iiiyDJJ��' �n„W F,rriFiw�rr nr�n��a¢rrrrynnr�hJld'Y���JLr1�i0P�/Olr////JJ�l/A���IIfIY/JJl%J/nr�ygl�''I'�"'n�i%°if�h SustaMobillifty and Resiliency Contact US �s ;�r ���`������r ,. vlklaa�c�ur�clt crtrsa�rt�tr�r� r�t�lrrtrai� cc�u+nr�um�lry �tav��al... �`� r r�mr it _ i r i rri(� e .y;�0 ua naoPlay and uesnienu,y Sustain ability is the ability 2a ar.latain or prceerv...naething oven time,such as the wee od Alyrium Panzer resources so as not to depilate them for use in,our generation or for generations'to comae. 6ustajnab'illity& -Oil—y Coordinator .Resiliency Is the ability to recover from a shack or disturbance,which refers to a caimrrRumities ability to N,atrUa I cm v�..t receiver front,disaster,al'Innatechange,and other environmental challenges. phone:Ub 664 fi'W uAarat 4u lFsr rr¢rluun PlIonMing a nittWIlin e NEW-2025 Multijuri8aictionail Local Mitigation Strategy 5 year Update:For more into—ation about the plan update,visit the project website txt l fir 11vvu(w f pl rr irra"cour ityrl hv.:,Cam.../Oirn this site you will fird rulf—ccion.about upcaart ,g and past L...I MIit7igatidn Strategy Working Group meetings and public meetings,a link for the public survey,draft documents,and other mitigation planning ",sources. �j1111 r l a lrn ik �,nnn�r���ftiI f , l 1 I �r 1 . 1 j I )11 J1 i 1 � i Ids 1 ,P 1 r. f � i to°°lu"tug t"°�.oLPu""It, „a u. gut Jullisdictional I ocall +I LI„ S tIt 11 Strategy hSWN511"y ..02 I°krhg II ,fu,';) 1014 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Village Weekly Update Febrrrml, P A,302'�y. )KAA Plantation Key Tt an;smission'Main Replacement Project Update s mentioned in previcin updales,FKAA is lama hang their latest trarrrmwission replacement project on Plantation Key.1T hile preparation for the project has aalreati,begun,the acttmal. constmerion is slated to begin on Manday,February 24 at 10imj st north,of Tavernier Creel, Bridge.Traffic delays are expected northbormd and southbound arorurtl the area wa-hile nvork is being conwpleted. You can findmore information about the FKAA project,including any updaatm to the project, hff;�_ ...........:. Comprehensive Plan Updates As,part ot'the Comprehensive Plan process Able City East has r�uarroMlrlr�iqr or% laaurched a conuruunt tua,ey, nrin,, residents a rn,ore detailed. opportunity to share their thoughts and insights,and shape ��(.i .... � III slarnorada"hrttne"It as ex'trernely^important to use thus opportunity i ""�^ I e to make your voice heard during this prrmtal time. I Of smote,Able City East v ill also be'hor ring a•eceeklong charette and they want to hear,from you'This plan aims to Balance ens+iromnenta:l steivardshila,conmuinuuty coaunectiudty mule;onommnc resilience to preserve.Isianmorada"s charms as bath a beloved home and a,craaght- fbi e destination Plan,click ins to come.To learn more about the Comprehensive (Free Cancer Screening Mth S34-nester Comprehensive Cancer Center—February'28 SyltiesterC'ornprehenrsive CancerC'entet's Office ofClutreach and,Engagement helps cotunnuu't'ties to.youth Florida that nmay not have access to healthcare They v am to help people by working,3nth different groups in the conuntnnitya by providing free cancer screenings and. ser'<ces as well as education on ways to prevent and detect cancer early. The Sylvester bus+,,,ill be at Centennial Bank in Iylaremmo rada "IMS1'j cn Friday,Feb'nsary-2S. The ream will be there to talk about cancer prevention and offering free cancer screenings.To learn more and attend in e-ent n+1e¢e+xe.eanm,offer these ticzeenings,call3it5-3a3-11'20 or visit S&gOtN t arr+aaw High,,s+r,I 1amand:a iFL 3303d I-04-66444,00 F'a:e dL 5- 4 645:e ,'���ss.?ns&�.uvacm�9a Fll.a7s County Launches Local Mitigadon,Stra:tep7 Update Moalroe Cotutity n updating the Nfulti-Junsdictranal Local Jwlmtigadon Straregt•.Local gD7enmmenn.are required to prepare and update these plans to be eligible for FEMA hazard rnitigation assistance grants Public input is critical to the planning,process.Please take a fell rnrmnutes to complete a Parse£Imbhe sun ey^to'provide your input on hazard risk,and mitigatioan options,Click here for the survey. For mmiore'info'rma'tion about the plan update;5+rsit the'prolm, r-ebsite at httpts. 7 a;msxotatu;,ecot:unty�@7-E€ns.coarr".On this site you' ill fndinfortmatio'n abut upcoming and past Local Iwlrtmgatwn Strategy Working,Citoup rneetmngs and public meetings,a link for the public sun ey,,draft doctunents,'and other m'i'ti2Xion platnmin,g resoruces. M011^,1110e r""�„mcl.tu""IL,y„II'""IL. SIG" I"+°fll.N Lu°°II,Nllll..o„Ili,,:Luarlwa I ocall +fillLll„;IsLIIMnIII Strategy Janually wlag e I;3,4I6 1015 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Public Survey Monroe County distributed and publicized a public survey,shown below,that requested public input into the Local Mitigation Strategy planning process and the identification of mitigation activities that could lessen the risk and impact of future flood hazard events.The survey was announced at the first public meeting,provided via a link on participating jurisdictions web and social media accounts,and made available online on the plan website. t.Where do you live? 'Jrmcorfaor'ated Monroe County Key Colony Beach (,.j M ey'nest ( j La}ton �._..) Marathon ('} Islamorada I II VC outSkie of rnonroe Couuity IIt veork or recreate In ryonroe County. 2, Have ycru ever experienced or been Impacted by a hazard or diisaster In Monroe County? ,) ves �........� No 3. If yore answered Yes"to questiion 2,13Iease explaiin yow exlpenelrrrce and where it occurlred. Flr�ter y:ri.ar rarr��auw,n!:+ 011,1110 e r"" cps y ..026 Ivfll.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIMrIWv I.,.Mrd"Ix Il+fillLll„;IaLIIMrIII LII"iaLq.q,,;,, nxIWl.Nlall"'„ ,3ur I;3,47 1016 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION 4 On a scale of 1-5,how concerned are you about the PCSSIbility Of YGUir ccirnmunity being impacted by a hazard event? 1 2 3 4 5 Not at all concerned Vprn concerned'. 5 Please revie-,v the iist of hazards below and irate each hazard based on I Imuch risk yore think It poses to your community hdo risk Lo,,,j risk Moderate risk High risk Coastall Erosiicr Drought Extreme Heat Flood Sea Level Rise&Climate Change Severe Storms(Thi,11i Nind,LkqII Hail) J J Tornado&WatersPOI-JtS Tropical CVclones Wildfire Cyli Attack, Radiobqical incident 6 Is your home located In a floodplain? j yes j No j No,bUt I still experience flooding j I don't know 7 Do YOU have flood insurance for your home and/or personal property? j yes j No j I don't know I colarity,11::11 wsjl:" I Juilsdlctlonal I ocall Altlgatlori Strategy janually�i,026 11wage 1:3,4113 1017 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION 3 If you do NOT have flood insurance,what is the reason? It's too expensive I never really considered it I don't nee'd it I MY home is elevated or othei piotected J. Have you taken any actions to I YOUI hoirne or neighborhood from hazards? des No 10 If yore answered Nes"to question 9,what actions have you impIemented? 11 Do YOU know what government office to contact to(learn more about ycuir hazard risks and how to reduce vulnerability inn your aii yes No 12,What are some steps your local gcvernirnent could take to reduce the risk of future hazard daimages in your neighborhood? I C01,01inty,11::11 wsjl:" I JuidsWcdonal I ocall Wdgadori Strategy janually��1026 11wage 1:3,419 1018 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION 13 Many community-wide activities can reduce our iris k from haza irds.These activities genei aliy fail into one of the following six bread categories: • Preventiorr administrative and reguiatoiry actions,plans,pohoes,and ordinances that influence how Iland is developed and buiidings are built Examples mclude P Gnmng and Zoning,build¢ng codes,open space preservotion,land use,and fioodp om regu ottons • Property Protection:actions that involve the modificationi of existing buildings to i them from a hazard or ieimove them from a hazardous area.Exarnp es include acqmsitiion,retocation,elevation,styucturai Yetrofits,andstorm shutters • Natulral Resource Protection:actions that Iminirnize hazard llcsses and preserve of restore the fUncticns of natUirall systems. Examples¢nclude floodplom protectPon,habitatpPeservotion,slope stabd zotPon,srream buffers,wettond Land marsh pyotection,and forest monogement • Structural Projects:actions that lessen the iii of a hazard by modifying the natural progiessicin of a hazard.Examples Include dams,Levees,floodwaHs'berms,drainage infrostructure,detentionlretention basins,chonnet modifications,retoming woks, and stoym sewers • lEmiergenicy Services:actions that larctect people and property dwing and immediately after a hazard event.Examp es include warning systems,evacuation planning,emergency response tyaming,ran dprotection of cnt¢cat emergencyfacifities orsysterns. • Public Education and Awareness:acticins to inform the public albout hazards and techniques they can Use to i themselves and their piolpeirty.Examples include outyeach projects,school ediicatton programs,librory materiats,and demonsrrotton events. please rank these categories by Ihcwd important YOU think each one is for your community to consider pursuing. I-Most imp-01i 2 3 4 5 6-Least Important Prevention Property Protection Rati-dral Resource Protection StrUCtillial Projects Eimefgency Services PUNic EdLIC3ton A011,1110e coli 11::11 wsll:" Muld Juiisdictional I ocall Aitigatiori Strategy Janually��1026 113age ::3,i50 1019 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION 14.What its the best way tsar you to receive iintornrmatiorno a bout the wn pacts of hazards a nd Ihow to protect your horse or ineig hlboirhood? Please select your tolp thiree choices. poll"."."se sr,.k-ct 3 opr.lcmn, I I Newspaper TV Ads/",)rogramming Radio Ads/Nogiamming Public ibraiy PLiblic,,a,oiksliop/i�nreting,, schod meefings nail Email Text message Local governmentoiebsite Local government sodal media M011,1110e C01,01inty,11::11 wsjl:" Muld Juidsdcdonal I ocall Wdgadori Strategy janually��1026 113age ::3„':511 1020 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION The County received 126 responses to the survey. Questions and responses are detailed in Figure B.1 through Figure B.14. Iguiiumv IIIIII'i'i dvul°vey IIIIZegIIP v111°zit°,IIIINly e of III'louliudeiilll o 1„Where dD YOU hVe? .................................................. IJ n u n cn rp c rated Vr lrr ra e L O u lnty° 51 Key c'aleny Peach III' Kpy'Nest 20 Layton 11 tea lrath�olrn 11 0 (S1311901ada 24 p@UIUUUDDDDDDDD➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢➢ I'JP'0UtSI1de of!Morro-County but'wark.'car 4 eclreate in I001171'oe COU11ty„ otlhen a 0 20 40 ecru I Iguiiumv IIIIII'im 11 du uuvvy III I'1'vaI"iiumauv,IIII) IIII'°°14zaiimd IIIIIIIIII'wllll' t'''uu^liuvuu�vv 2, Have yoi.i eve,r e�xpedenced cr Ik,ue'eult olmpactieid by a hezaiI-d rui,d s,,aste1r hi Mornlme C'mmty? 149b Yes 1108 G No 11 P, 0 86 011"^,1110e r""' gy y" ..Gy,26 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWs I.,.Msd"Is Il+fillLll,,,;IaLIIM�III LII"iaLq.q,,,;,, nsIWl.Nlall"'„ I wlage 3,',m2 1021 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION IIIIguirp I'L!"i Suimpy IReqlminse, I)ast IIIlazaird 3. If you answeired "Yes"to questici- 2,please explain your experience and wheire it occurred, .................................................. 106 Irma and Ilan"' "2017 Irmia" Responses "FloodIng in my house" 34 iespondents(32%)answered IHluruicane Irma for this questlion. Floodhing chairmage Willinun .,AncI linirm climnage to my pi,cq)efty pilopelly cialmage Big Pine da mage,tri,home Flooding Irma-the Ilatest-all hurricanes l Andrew Hurricane Irma hiuiukaine Georges floodling iin)a xnd oblier hunricaines Flood damage Pine Key wind damage Key West 111rima and Ian d imnrarry Ihrnmma IIIIguirp IlllllLli suilimpy IReqlminse,(:cinceimn Alicut IIIlazailrds 4.On a scalle of 1-5, howconcerined are you ab,01-lt the possibility of YOUr community being impacted lby a Ihhazard evient' Lm=,vel 5 72 4.40Le e 1 4 33 lc"fa itirwrt�, L�.-.,vel 3 MIZIE#= 17 Le-vel 2 A011,1110e C01,01inty,11::11 wsjj:" muld JuidsdIlcdonal I ocall Wdgadori Strategy janually��1026 113age 3':53 1022 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION I!!1guirp IlLs suilivey IReqpciii,ise, I°°Iazaiiiird I!VtIc Izatfings 5. Plieq .se irie.Mevi the Iliist of hazards below aind rate each IhazrrE Iselclon how much rink YOU think ft poses to YCUir coimrn Unity. ONoirisk *Lowrusk OrAcclerateirisk OHighiuslk Coastall EroSion Dirolught Extreme Heat Flood Sea Levell Rise&Chimate Charge Severe Storms(Thuncleutoirrn Wind,ILGghtnirng,Hiail� Tornado&'Naterspouts Tropical Cycicines Wiildffire Cylbp,i,Attack Radiological Incident IIII Illiguire 1111�111.6 Suirvey 1111l1eqI'millise, llllaiiii�iiiine lin 6. Is YOUr hiome Ilocatw d m a ficiodplaun7' 12% 5% 0 'Yes 82 No 22 18% t1l No, but 11 still experience flooding 6 0 1 don't know '15 66% M011,1110e C01,011rity,11::11 wsjj:" Muld JuidsWcdoinal I ocall Wdgadoiiri Strategy jainually �1026 Enrage 11:3,541 1023 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION IIIIguirp I'Lly........suivey IReqpcii,ise, I!Ilbod Iinsuiraince 7. Do Y101-1 havie. flood insurance for YOUr hoc me and/or personalI property? 6% 0 'Yes plo 30% No 37 I don't know 7 0 IIIIguillre 1111.8 Suillivey I!leqpoinse, I!leasoini rair Illftt IIIIIlavling IIIIImid Iinsuiraince & If YOU do INOT have f1locud IIISLIrancle, whot Is,the reasOn' 22% 0 Its too exjpelns ve 25 10 1 rrveir really considered it I 0 1 don't nerd it leecaiuse my Ihomme is elevated�or [2 519E -otheirwise protected 0 other 24% IIIIguillre IlL9 Suillivey I!leqpoinse, I)eirsoindI Actloin ""III'"'dIcein rair ImItIgMloini 9. Have YOU taken any actIons to, protect YOUir hiorne oir neighborhiood friorn hazards? 2 G Ye s 911 No 13 739 7960 6 Imoli'llioe colarty,ll:::::Il WS11II, gd g y �1026Muld JuHsWcdona I oca Wd S 113age 1024 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION �!!!Iguiiiv Suiiiivpy IZeqi"iiinse, I!)eiiirsoiiinallll ALticins alkeiiini Ibir Wtigarticin, 10.If youanswvereo Yes" to qUesflon 9,what actions Ih,awe you irnpliernented? LateM 89 Wernbrane roof,hUnicare windoois" Responses "'Upgraded my horne wrath humcane irnpact windows and doors 20 respondents(22'9v.)answered windo�ws and doors for this question. iteirnis in rny'y�a ird res li sta int w�i n d ow s windows and metal s o hutters,for al�l inch" hixr-Hcaine d,D(H'S hurricane shutters storin'i shutters iinetaIlI roof doors ainid windows, window o o rs %J indows and d: nevv roof IF:lIood flood level 11 L11 17 l C'I n e w i in cl ovv s Impact wind�ows Stoinin windows hurricane tree roof impact impaict doors �!!!Iguiiire suill"Vey IIIIZegP iiifse, KiiinoWWdge*Mho'to(:ointact'raiiii,III aire 11. Do you Iknoww vvilhat goveminent office to contact to Ilearn,more about ycRAir hazard nsks and how to ireduce,vulnerabli ty in,your area? 0 'Yes Ell 51% 4996 No 63 moinioe colainty,11::11 wsjj:" Muld JuHsWcdonal I ocall Wdgadori Strategy janually��1026 13age 113,56 1025 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION ll!!Iguirp ll'11.12 Suiiiivpy lZeqlmnse,Suggested lWidgaticini 12.What are some stel3S your local goveirniment could take to reduce the nsk of future hazard clarnages al your neighbor hood? I�u.................................................. 92 "Rebufld/ellevate-friendly city codes" Responses ... 16 respoindents(17%)answered water four this question. stop bi,fllching tirees hmrirlicaines, needs Monroe CotAty workforce himisihing hazards building m5miter hairvie courity iroads joeojp�le street help, flood storm w ater water drains property owners Stop development M011,1110e C01,01inty,11::11 wsjj:� Muld Juidsd�cdonal I ocall Wdgadori Strategy janually��1026 13age 113,57 1026 APPENDIX B;PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION �!!!lguiiiirp Suiiiivpy IZeqi"iiinise, Ill idgadoin(:ategairles 13, Many, actMties cain rpdUcie nUr risk,fircm IhazardCs,.These.actrofties generallY f3II iiimntc one of Che folici vaing six broad categacries: • Prevention:adimiiNfftirabive and regAiatcry actions, IDIIans, pcilmc-.Jes,and ordinaincie that IlIlflUielnC.E Ih0W Iland IS dE velciped and lIs Lgire budt,Exomples linduefe jp armiin_q and zoming,bul?dIiimq cod-s'npen spoce premovotion, lanef,un�, and floodoiaui regidatons, • IPro perty ProtecCoini: actAo Ins that linvc I r,r�e the I cation of exi stA ng I I'd i In gs to Ip I them fro rn a h,;z3r-d or Ireunncve them from ;hiazairdcus airpa. Exompiles lindude reilccnt,,nr% eleivcitinziq,structurrc(retrofit-,a, ind s tu,fri,shuftpm-5. • INaittulrall Resource Protectiom actions that minimize hazainJ Ilbsses anal IlmI of,I the functAcils of rat UFA systeirns.Examptes lindudeftoodploia protectuon, hobtit preseirvatlnn, sirope stobdIiza6m, s-tream buffeirs,veet land,and fl'lo?'sh prote.,ct"On' and farest ma nagefreat" • Structuirall Plrafectr actions that lessen tli,e impct of a liazard by mo,6fymng the natI.IiI pircgressiicn of a ha-zar d.E�nmpiless Include zlnm-�, floodwnfls, drouloge defentUon/retenbor basa°ins,,chorneil modifications, f aff�rabmrrrrr lwrrrrlts,nnd s tofm se'v0--rs. • Emergency kirvilcies:actions that protect Ipleople and property during ind imimedfiatidy aft& a hazard event E xOmples rinrk'ide warn ng:;o�'S-tcfrs' EvacuatCcqn plarinilng;enleirgeng responsve tyo rwingl and protection of crVtica?P mergency fa cltcs or sjr-,'tem s,, • IPuublic Education ainud Awareness: actons to inform the public alacut hazards and techiniques,they C21II Use to protlect ChemsehI es and th61r piI Exnrrples incL&e outraxhprqjecfuti,,school educaLon prcgraui,n,," lit brjrjprm ateriial�a,(7ind d'pmcr,strf7hnn events. I I these categories' Y hovv iinniqaortant you thinly each cine liis for your community to consider puirsuling. &1 -"boist limportart illll 2 of 3 11,4 im 5 e 6- (_east:limpxtaint Prev erbolin :'ropert-y IPrcitecticin INS==1011URU,ll1� III 1'14altzal Pescurce PrcwtecltIcr MEN= 11111i Illlll I stilructura: Prciects Is=Illlll f U y 0 1 I ergEncy Services mom,NONNI lifillil (III Z'Lb ic IEdu cafor Imoli'llioe colainty,11::11 wsjj:" I JuidsWcdoinal I ocall In Strategy jainually��1026 l3age 113,513 1027 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION �!!!lgullllrp Suimpy IZeq�"inse, I!)irpfeirirpd ii�linefhod of 14. What is the best way fcn you to receive inforniation BbOlUt the impacts of hazards and hiow to protect YOLAF Ihomme or nj eighlbohnood? Please Se,[E-Ct YOUr tolp thiree c1hoices 0 Newspaper 31 01 TV Ad&'Prograrnmilnq 10 NMI 111, IR.adiio Ads,�'Progiraimming -2 1 * Publhic library 5 * Publlkc works1hop/meetings 31 School rnpefings 3 IMaill 29 Erralill 79 0 Text Inmlessagle 45 4, IL,ocall a,: �lilll,, ILocall glovernment slocial iniledia 64 0 Othel, 4 0 '20 40 640 EQ M011,1110e C01,01inty, Muld Juidsdcdonal I ocall Aitigadoin Strategy janually��1026 l3age 113,59 1028 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION m IIII IIII.......° IIII IIIIN This planning step credits the incorporation of other plans and other agencies' efforts into the development of the Hazard Mitigation Plan.Other agencies and organizations must be contacted to determine if they have studies,plans and information pertinent to the Hazard Mitigation Plan,to determine if their programs or initiatives may affect the community's program,and to see if they could support the community's efforts. To incorporate stakeholder input into the plan,a variety of stakeholders were identified by the LMSWG and sent an email inviting them to attend a public meeting,review the draft plan,and provide feedback and comments.The coordination letter sent via email is provided below.A list of stakeholders detailing their involvement is provided in Table B.3. Stakeholders were also involved through specific requests for data to support the development of the plan. Monroe Coulnty LMS Upolate-PublIc Meeting Irnvftaltlonl ,, Reply 1'I Reply All mi r Ruffns,Ranger I >chw r tr."b to ore,Abigail L josett Idezl -ede .o g, deb k-[,h2td oeg; t�reJ trtnrtv6 y d'cmrery eon; mat—DREEF,.,T tiffan :.17 e.nEc II ey:org; oocll7e.,.,dlLfk- ig va de irolenRfk:,,org;+24.others Business Confidential\Internal and E,eir,l Good afternuvarr, Mly name.is Ranger puffins and I'm a consultant working for Monroe County. Mlunrtoe County and its woorporated communities have developed an update to their 2020 Multi-Jurisdictional Local MAigation,Strategy.To a—twfith this process,the Gouirty„incorporated commun't-, and the Local Mitigation Strategy Working Group are—king stakeholder input and-pertiise to support the planning effort. We invite you to attend a virtual public in�formatiom meeting on the draft plan to be held.an Tuesday,July 1stat5p.m.vl6a Microsoft Tea ms.You can register for the meeting using this link M_r4lini yih,iiiii.Addition ally,after the meeting,a full draft of the plan will he posted floe review at lift rnWi rnu a fy hn fl "ii/.please emailanly comments or feedback an the draft plan to me at i.nq,�i i;aflii i. ,�w Irr_n_ri.'We appreoiate any input you may have. Thank you for your assistance In this effort to make Monroe communities safer and more resilient! Ranger Ruffins FH—rd Mitigation S Resilience Pllanner shohPk, M^1 302-299-8501 VV'V'uu "C��u'u 01",1110 p.c y*"fl l.V tll°°hI,N II II..o„Ill,,.t11Mn1Wn ocall '+"III LIIg a tIIM"d 111 Strategy h"RIWI.Na II"'„ crag II3,60 1029 APPENDIX B:PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION sllt)' Ille IIIIII'im'Pi S'Wlll olllli dllldeir IIII ist First Name Last Name Organization,Title Non-Profit Organizations Josett Valdez Regional CEO,South Florida Region of American Red cross Deborah Koch Executive Director,Greater Miami and the Keys,American Red Cross Bonnie Barnes Executive Director,Florida Keys History and Discovery Center Martha Klitzkie Co-Executive Director, Reef Environmental Education Foundation Tiffani Mensch President/CEO, United Way of the Florida Keys Carolyn Woodhead Executive Director,Florida Keys Outreach Coalition for the Homeless Lenny Molen Neece Program Assistant, Florida Keys Outreach Coalition for the Homeless Jessica Pierce Florida National Parks Association,Executive Director Educational Institutions Tamrah Salazar Hill Executive Director,Facilities,College of the Florida Keys Rachel Oropeza Director,President's Office,College of the Florida Keys Theresa Axford Superintendent, Monroe County School District Surrounding Municipalities Jerry Bell Miami-Dade Assistant Director of Planning Pete Gomez Miami-Dade County Emergency Management Director Dan Summers Director,Collier County Bureau of Emergency Services Amy Howard Emergency Management Coordinator,Collier Emergency Management Isabel Cosio Carballo Executive Director,South Florida Regional Planning Council Federal Government Roy McClure FEMA NFIP/CPS Specialist David Holcomb ISO/CPS Specialist Mike Bratcher ISO/CRS Specialist Sherry Harper ISO/CPS Technical Coordinator Dr. Dorothy Sifuentes USGS-Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center Director State Government Laura Dhuwe Bureau Chief, FDEM Mitigation Bureau Jillian Kraynak State NFIP Coordinator/State Floodplain Manager,Office of Floodplain Management Heidi Hoffman Environmental Consultant, Florida Department of Environmental Protection Emergency Response Planning Consultant Elizabeth Sweigert Director of South District Management, Florida Department of Environmental Protection M'Liss Bordelon Environmental Administrator,Southeast District Branch Office Florida Department of Emergency Management Business Community Kerry Baker Executive Director, Key West Chamber of Commerce Judy Hull Director,Islamorada Chamber of Commerce Daniel Samess CEO,Greater Marathon Chamber of Commerce Williams- Karen President, Florida Keys Board of Realtors DeCastro Jodi Weinhofer President and CEO,The Lodging Association of the Florida Keys moinioe coLdu""It a u. u� � y ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ ag II 3,6 II 1030 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES 44 CFR Subsection D§201.6(c)(3)(ii):[The mitigation strategy section shall include]a section that identifies and analyzes a comprehensive range of specific mitigation actions and projects being considered to reduce the effects of each hazard,with particular emphasis on new buildings and infrastructure.All plans approved by FEMA after October 1,2008,must also address the jurisdiction's participation in the NFIP,and continued compliance with NFIP requirements,as appropriate. As part of the process of developing the mitigation action plans found in Section 7,the LMSWG reviewed and considered a comprehensive range of mitigation options before selecting the actions identified for implementation. This section summarizes the full range of mitigation measures evaluated and considered by the LMSWG,including a review of the categories of mitigation measures outlined in the 2017 CRS Coordinator's Manual,a discussion of current local implementation and CRS credits earned for those measures,and a list of the specific mitigation projects considered and recommended for implementation. Mitigation alternatives identified for implementation by the LMSWG were evaluated and prioritized using the criteria discussed in Section 6 of this plan. III CA IIIII IIII III III IIII III III IIII III IIII „ IIII IIII Once it was determined which flood hazards warranted the development of specific mitigation actions, the LMSWG analyzed viable mitigation options that supported the identified goals and objectives. The LMSWG was provided with the following list of mitigation categories which are utilized as part of the CRS planning process. — Prevention — Property Protection — Natural Resource Protection — Structural Projects — Emergency Services — Public Education and Awareness Action ideas within each of these categories were discussed and considered for inclusion in the plan. The LMSWG was encouraged to select actions to pursue within most if not all of these categories so as to develop a comprehensive approach to hazard mitigation. C.2�, III IIII IIIL............AI IIII I IVI111111111111, I III IIII IIIIGA 1 III0 IN III I This section presents a summary review of the mitigation measures that were considered by the LMSWG. The CRS Credit Sections are based on the 2017 CRS Coordinator's Manual and the 2021 Addendum. 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ arage ate;II 1031 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES w 3 PREVENTA7"""WE EG 111 Al ORYMEA51IRE Preventative measures are designed to keep a problem-such as flooding-from occurring or from getting worse. The objective of preventative measures is to ensure that future development is not exposed to damage and does not cause an increase in damages to other properties. Building,zoning,planning and code enforcement offices usually administer preventative measures. Some examples of types of preventative measures include: — Building codes — Zoning ordinance — Comprehensive or land use plan — Open space preservation — Floodplain regulations — Subdivision regulations — Stormwater management regulations iIIIL...II':' IIII' II':' III Building codes provide one of the best methods for addressing natural hazards. When properly designed and constructed according to code,the average building can withstand many of the impacts of natural hazards. Hazard protection standards for all new and improved or repaired buildings can be incorporated into the local building code. Building codes can ensure that the first floors of new buildings are constructed to be higher than the elevation of the 100-year flood(the flood that is expected to have a one percent chance of occurring in any given year). This is shown in Figure C.1. Just as important as having code standards is the enforcement of the code. Adequate inspections are needed during the course of construction to ensure that the builder understands the requirements and is following them. Making sure a structure is properly elevated and anchored requires site inspections at each step. 0IIIII"0e C01,01l"',w, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ 1032 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES IiIguii a(L"I II IWEIII IiIIIII°n (:odes aIIIIiI IIII!!!I 'c „ ,,,,,�. .m.. _.,M �M ,o. ew ... fl „.,,. pNYmw„rYu;� .._ aw �,y�NY;t , a o mr:: vOVwJ MY 1w wl WrmDWIU N➢INmyw .,.,, „ w r� Top of " wrww�nwiym✓rmve,wigJrv,,. ti YV NYI Imo° Lowest " Floor Nrwo;ru; uar;wiriwwro�mrYuriuNymmmronun�rol�rv..,:,:,, ,,.. BF »uovW�;wwi v,P^wwrw,wisrN rwv uwuw u000NIFMMMf mn'uwiYiroDom?mPoVN^MvfiiNMf4NEW'muVV;NfMNN4 a ,...wn,.,, w„q,,. w .,, , l ,aae Y I°Y iY Source: FEMA Publication: Above the Flood. Elevating Your Floodprone House,2000 ASCE 24 is a referenced standard in the International Building Code.Any building or structure that falls within the scope of the IBC that is proposed in a flood hazard area is to be designed in accordance with ASCE 24. Freeboard is required as a function of the nature of occupancy and the flood zone. Dwellings and most other buildings have 1-foot of freeboard; certain essential facilities have 2-3 feet; only agricultural facilities,temporary facilities and minor storage facilities are allowed to have their lowest floors at the BFE. coII" G: IG G III.........h....:lIIIII........ II IG G IL....... I' II'::',) USI G:'IL....... Building codes provide guidance on how to build in hazardous areas. Planning and zoning activities direct development away from these areas,particularly floodplains and wetlands. They do this by designating land uses that are compatible with the natural conditions of land that is prone to flooding, such as open space or recreation. n �:: 1..:II�II' Keeping the floodplain and other hazardous areas open and free from development is the best approach to preventing damage to new developments. Open space can be maintained in agricultural use or can serve as parks,greenway corridors and golf courses. Comprehensive and capital improvement plans should identify areas to be preserved by acquisition and other means, such as purchasing an easement. With an easement,the owner is free to develop and use private property,but property taxes are reduced or a payment is made to the owner if the owner agrees to not build on the part set aside in the easement. Although there are some federal programs that can help acquire or reserve open lands,open space lands and easements do not always have to be purchased. Developers can be encouraged to dedicate park land and required to dedicate easements for drainage and maintenance purposes. 0II III0 C0I:.01l,w, „u'u. u� gy ..��:2 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d":� Il+fillLll„;:�LIIM�III LII":i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N:�II"'„ 1033 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES Zoning enables a community to designate what uses are acceptable on a given parcel.Zoning can ensure compatibility of land use with the land's level of suitability for development.Planning and zoning activities can also provide benefits by allowing developers more flexibility in arranging improvements on a parcel of land through the planned development approach. Zoning regulations describe what type of land use and specific activities are permitted in each district, and how to regulate how buildings, signs, parking, and other construction may be placed on a lot.Zoning regulations also provide procedures for rezoning and other planning applications. The zoning map and zoning regulations provide properties with certain rights to development. C IL...00II'::', IG IL....... I ' IG G III......... IL... ..1 II0II` A Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance sets development standards for Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHAs). Communities participating in the National Flood Insurance Program(NFIP)are required to adopt a flood damage prevention ordinance that meets at least the minimum standards of the NFIP; however,a community can incorporate higher standards for increased protection.For example, communities can adopt higher regulatory freeboard requirements,cumulative substantial damage definitions,fill restrictions,and other standards. Another important consideration in floodplain regulations is the protection of natural and beneficial functions and the preservation of natural barriers such as vegetation. Vegetation along a stream bank is extremely beneficial for the health of the stream. Trees and other plants have an extensive root system that strengthen stream banks and help prevent erosion. Vegetation that has sprouted up near streams should remain undisturbed unless removing it will significantly reduce a threat of flooding or further destruction of the stream channel. 1 0 M WA I..III.........GG II" III........." .... IGGIII COIL... ..1..II0II` Stormwater runoff is increased when natural ground cover is replaced by urban development. Development in the watershed that drains to a river can aggravate downstream flooding,overload the community's drainage system,cause erosion,and impair water quality. There are three ways to prevent flooding problems caused by stormwater runoff: I Regulating development in the floodplain to ensure that it will be protected from flooding and that it won't divert floodwaters onto other properties; 2 Regulating all development to ensure that the post-development peak runoff will not be greater than it was under pre-development conditions; and 3 Set construction standards so buildings are protected from shallow water. ..I..' IG G"III; ICIIIIII IL...00II'::', IL... III Zoning and comprehensive planning can work together to reduce future flood losses by directing development away from hazard prone areas. Creating or maintaining open space is the primary way to reduce future flood losses. Planning for open space must also be supplemented with development regulations to ensure that stormwater runoff is managed and that development is protected from flooding. Enforcement of the flood damage prevention ordinance and the flood protection elevation requirement provides an extra level of protection for buildings constructed in the planning area. Stormwater management and the requirement that post-development runoff cannot exceed pre- development conditions is one way to prevent future flood losses. Retention and detention requirements also help to reduce future flood losses. 0IIIII"0e C01,01l"',w, „a u. u� gy ..02 I"+°fll.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ I,wage CZII1 1034 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES IC IC Ihllllllll IL.. II..(.. The CRS encourages strong building codes. It provides credit in two ways: points are awarded based on the community's Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule(BCEGS)classification and points are awarded for adopting the International Code series. In North Carolina,communities are limited by the State Building Code Council which has not implemented the most current version of the International Building Code. CRS credits are available for regulations that encourage developers to preserve floodplains or other hazardous areas away from development. There is no credit for a plan,only for the enforceable regulations that are adopted pursuant to a plan. Communities in Monroe County could receive credit for Activity 430—Higher Regulatory Standards and for Activity 420—Open Space Preservation for preserving parcels within the SFHA as open space. Preserving flood prone areas as open space is one of the highest priorities of the Community Rating System. The credits in the 2017 manual have doubled for OSP(Open Space Preservation). The participating communities could also receive credit for Activity 450 —Stormwater Management for enforcing regulations for stormwater management and soil and erosion control. Several prevention actions considered by the LMSWG are detailed below. 1111�II allbllW(%'l I)IIII^evoIIIIiIrtlillrmliiii III Iilrtigatlillrmliiii QIIP 't'IiucIIIIiIIs uIIIIiId IIII'!ocaiiiil°III IIIII°III IOIIIIided IIIwIIII^o ccc s Action# Mitigation Action I Reason for Pursuing/Not Pursuing Funding Prevention Measures Considered by LMSWG and Not Recommended Continue enforcement of state The County and municipalities all utilize the building codes and more Florida Building Code;they have enforcement stringent local building of such as an ongoing policy and do not need n/a requirements to commit additional resources through this plan update process to complete this activity. Continued enforcement of The LMSWG has established this is an ongoing policy and is unlikely to need additional - zoning and development n/a regulations resources to continue pursuing this preventative measure Prevention Measures and Funding Recommended for Implementation Post-Disaster(Flood) Recovery This plan will help the City bounce back post flood event and better able residents to Local,State Plan rebuild property and mitigate future flood. Exceeding minimum floodplain regulations CRS Group to work together will further protect property within the City on Beyond Minimum and increase potential points gained in the Local requirements CRS program and reduce flood insurance premiums. Property protection measures are used to modify buildings or property subject to damage. Property protection measures fall under three approaches: — Modify the site to keep the hazard from reaching the building; — Modify the building(retrofit) so it can withstand the impacts of the hazard; and — Insure the property to provide financial relief after the damage occurs. M011'I II"0e C01,01l"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 1035 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES Property protection measures are normally implemented by the property owner, although in many cases technical and financial � 1 ., assistance can be provided by a government agency. II � . II'��II II I II III II��C II III ��'�„.� II �I II�:'�� AWAY Generally,natural hazards do not damage vacant areas.As noted earlier,the major impact of hazards is to people and improved property. In some cases,properties can be modified so the hazard does not reach the damage-prone improvements.For example,a berm can be built to prevent floodwaters from reaching a house. This low tiloodwall has landscaping to minimize the adverse iirmpact on the property's appearance. FLOODING There are five common methods to keep a flood from reaching and damaging a building: — Erect a barrier between the building and the source of the flooding. — Move the building out of the flood-prone area. — Elevate the building above the flood level. Al — Demolish the building. Small,wood frar>me buildings.are the easiest to relocate — Replace the building with a new one that is elevated above Source: Kennedy HOUSe Movers,Huilswiille,AL the flood level. The latter three approaches are the most effective types to consider for the planning area. -- IERS Sump aind prr imp handle underseepage aun d A flood berm )or protection or steel(abe built of floodw l�rt Careful or soil a �ja Bear, „nmerr,all drainage design is needed so as not to create flooding or Small barriers can be effective against shallow floodiing. drainage problems on neighboring properties. Depending on how porous the ground is, if floodwaters will stay up for more than an hour or two,the design needs to account for leaks, seepage of water underneath,and rainwater that will fall inside the perimeter. This is usually done with a sump or drain to collect the internal groundwater and surface water and a pump and pipe to pump the internal drainage over the barrier.Barriers can only be built so high. They can be overtopped by a flood higher than expected. Barriers made of earth are susceptible to erosion from rain and floodwaters if not properly sloped, covered with grass,and properly maintained. Moving a building out of a flood prone area to higher ground is the surest and safest way to protect it from flooding. While almost any building can be moved,the cost increases for heavier structures, such as those with exterior brick and stone walls,and for large or irregularly shaped buildings. Relocation is also preferred for large lots that include buildable areas outside the floodplain or where the owner has a new flood-free lot(or portion of the existing lot)available. MmllIII"Mme r.° gy ..02 II.s Lu°°il,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, i�IWI.NI�II"'„ '„bage rC6 1036 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES BUILDING El EVA7ION Raising a building above the flood level can be almost as effective as moving it out of the floodplain. Water flows under the building,causing little or no damage to the structure or its contents.Raising a building above the flood level is cheaper than moving it and can be less disruptive to a neighborhood. Elevation has proven to be an acceptable and reasonable means of complying with floodplain regulations that require new, substantially improved, and substantially damaged buildings to be elevated above the base flood elevation. DEM01-17 ION Some buildings,especially heavily damaged or repetitively flooded ones,are not worth the expense to protect them from future damages. It is cheaper to demolish them and either replace them with new, floodµ protected structures,or relocate the occupants to a safer site.Demolition is also appropriate for buildings that are difficult to move—such as larger, slab foundation or masonry structures—and for dilapidated structures that are not cost-beneficial to protect. DemoHshiing a repetitively flooded home II-07 E 4 S'7 PUMION If a building is not in good shape,elevating it may not be worthwhile or it may even be dangerous. An alternative is to demolish the structure and build a new one on the site that meets or exceeds all flood protection codes. FEMA funding programs refer to this approach as "pilot reconstruction." It is still a pilot program,and not a regularly funded option. Certain rules must be followed to qualify for federal funds for pilot reconstruction. An alternative to keeping the hazard away from a building is to modify or retrofit the site or building to minimize or prevent damage. There are a variety of techniques to do this,as described below. Dry Floodproofing Dry floodproofing means making all areas below the flood protection level watertight. Walls are coated with waterproofing compounds or plastic sheeting. Openings, such as doors,windows and vents, are closed, either permanently,with removable shields,or with sandbags. Dry floodproofing of new and existing nonresidential buildings in the regulatory floodplain is permitted under state,FEMA and local regulations. Dry floodproofing of existing residential buildings in the floodplain is also permitted as long as the building is not substantially damaged or being substantially improved. Owners of buildings located outside the regulatory floodplain can always use dry floodproofing techniques. Dry floodproofing is only effective for shallow flooding, such as repetitive drainage problems. It does not protect from the deep flooding along lakes and larger rivers caused by hurricanes or other storms. Wet Floodproofing The alternative to dry floodproofing is wet floodproofing: water is let in and everything that could be damaged by a flood is removed or elevated above the flood level. Structural components below the flood level are replaced with materials that are not subject to water damage. For example,concrete block walls 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 1037 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES are used instead of wooden studs and gypsum wallboard. The furnace,water heater and laundry facilities are permanently relocated to a higher floor. Where the flooding is not deep,these appliances can be raised on blocks or platforms. I IG?A`4 CIII......... Technically,insurance does not mitigate damage caused by a natural hazard. However,it does help the owner repair,rebuild,and hopefully afford to incorporate some of the other property protection measures in the process. Insurance offers the advantage of protecting the property, so long as the policy is in force, without requiring human intervention for the measure to work. Private Property Although most homeowner's insurance policies do not cover a property for flood damage, an owner can insure a building for damage by surface flooding through the NFIP. Flood insurance coverage is provided for buildings and their contents damaged by a"general condition of surface flooding" in the area. Most people purchase flood insurance because it is required by the bank when they get a mortgage or home improvement loan. Usually these policies just cover the building's structure and not the contents. Contents coverage can be purchased separately. Renters can buy contents coverage, even if the owner does not buy structural coverage on the building. Most people don't realize that there is a 30-day waiting period to purchase a flood insurance policy and there are limits on coverage. Public Property Governments can purchase commercial insurance policies. Larger local governments often self-insure and absorb the cost of damage to one facility,but if many properties are exposed to damage, self- insurance can drain the government's budget. Communities cannot expect federal disaster assistance to make up the difference after a flood. L...O IL....... II I" G IL...III I" " ..1.. I..II II''° I Z IG G"III......... :', II..I The CRS provides the most credit points for acquisition and relocation under Activity 520,because this measure permanently removes insurable buildings from the floodplain. Communities in Monroe County could receive credit for Activity 520—Acquisition and Relocation,for acquiring and relocating buildings from the SFHA. The LMSWG recommended that communities pursue the purchase buildings which are subject to flood damage in order to return this land to open space. The CRS also credits barriers and elevating existing buildings under Activity 530. The credit for Activity 530 is based on the combination of flood protection techniques used and the level of flood protection provided. Points are calculated for each protected building. Bonus points are provided for the protection of repetitive loss buildings and critical facilities. Communities could receive credit for Activity 360— Flood Protection Assistance by providing advice and assistance to homeowners who may want to flood proof their home or business.Advice is provided both on property protection techniques and on financial assistance programs to help fund mitigation. Flood insurance information for each community is provided in Section 5 and in greater detail in each community's annex. There is no credit for purchasing flood insurance,but the CRS does provide credit for local public information programs that, among other topics,explain flood insurance to property owners. The CRS also reduces the premiums for those people who do buy NFIP coverage. Communities in Monroe County could receive credit for Activity 330—Outreach Projects. Property protection mitigation options considered by the LMSWG are described below. III''alllh llW(%2 11112iiqpeillyIII 1111atectI011111l III itigatliooliiii t IIIP'tlilaiiis auu id IIII'tecouu°Iunuu°,ul ouu dvd IIII2uumo eats Action# I Mitigation Action I Reason for Pursuing/Not Pursuing Funding Property Protection Measures Considered by LMSWG and Not Recommended M011'I II°0 C01,01i""It a u. u� � y ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ arage aC,1!3 1038 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES Action# Mitigation Action Reason for Pursuing/Not Pursuing Funding This project was deleted because of a Islamorada:Acquisition and delay in funding-the included homes - Demolition of Residential had already mitigated the problem or n/a Structures sold the home to new owners who mitigated on their own. Property Protection Measures and Funding Recommended for Implementation Monroe Elevate Buildings Located This effort will help the County and Cities Local, County and protect properties that are regularly State, Municipalities within Flood prone Areas flooded. Federal Emergency Back-up power This effort will help the Village protect its Local, Islamorada for Critical Facilities critical facilities to provide continuity of State, operations during a flood or other event. Federal Resource protection activities are generally aimed at preserving(or in some cases restoring)natural areas. These activities enable the naturally beneficial functions of fields,floodplains,wetlands,and other natural lands to operate more effectively.Natural and beneficial functions of watersheds,floodplains and wetlands include: — Reduction in runoff from rainwater and stormwater in pervious areas — Infiltration that absorbs overland flood flow — Removal and filtering of excess nutrients,pollutants and sediments — Storage of floodwaters — Absorption of flood energy and reduction in flood scour — Water quality improvement — Groundwater recharge — Habitat for flora and fauna — Recreational and aesthetic opportunities As development occurs,many of the above benefits can be achieved through regulatory steps for protecting natural areas or natural functions. This section covers the resource protection programs and standards that can help mitigate the impact of natural hazards,while they improve the overall environment. Six areas were reviewed: '11111„31 — Wetland protection — Erosion and sedimentation control — Stream/River restoration — Best management practices — Dumping regulations — Farmland protection A`4 1..III I""'II 0I,4 Wetlands are often found in floodplains and topographically depressed areas of a watershed. Many wetlands receive and store floodwaters,thus slowing and reducing downstream flows. They also serve as 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 1039 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES a natural filter,which helps to improve water quality,and they provide habitat for many species of fish, wildlife and plants. G ZO II0II''^ ' II'::', III......... :', II II" " ..1.. I..II II'" II'" ....IG G°�IL....... Farmlands and construction sites typically contain large areas of bare exposed soil. Surface water runoff can erode soil from these sites, sending sediment into downstream waterways. Erosion also occurs along stream banks and shorelines as the volume and velocity of flow or wave action destabilize and wash away the soil. Sediment suspended in the water tends to settle out where flowing water slows down. This can clog storm drains,drain tiles,culverts and ditches and reduce the water transport and storage capacity of river and stream channels, lakes and wetlands. There are two principal strategies to address these problems: minimize erosion and control sedimentation. Techniques to minimize erosion include phased construction,minimal land clearing, and stabilizing bare ground as soon as possible with vegetation and other soil stabilizing practices. ...°IG G"III......... SIG G"II G G° IG G III ..1.'° IG Gt 1 II 0II'111 There is a growing movement that has several names, such as "stream conservation," "bioengineering," or "riparian corridor restoration." The objective of these approaches is to return streams, stream banks and adjacent land to a more natural condition,including the natural meanders. Another term is "ecological restoration," which restores native indigenous plants and animals to an area. A key component of these efforts is to use appropriate native plantings along the banks that resist erosion. This may involve retrofitting the shoreline with willow cuttings,wetland plants,or rolls of landscape material covered with a natural fabric that decomposes after the banks are stabilized with plant roots. In all,restoring the right vegetation to a stream has the following advantages: — Reduces the amount of sediment and pollutants entering the water — Enhances aquatic habitat by cooling water temperature — Provides food and shelter for both aquatic and terrestrial wildlife — Can reduce flood damage by slowing the velocity of water — Increases the beauty of the land and its property value — Prevents property loss due to erosion — Provides recreational opportunities, such as hunting,fishing and bird watching — Reduces long-term maintenance costs Communities are required by state and federal regulations to monitor storm water drainage outfalls and control storm water runoff. i III ..I.. II, P111 III........." I1114 I IG IG it �II „ III Point source pollutants come from pipes such as the outfall of a municipal wastewater treatment plant. They are regulated by the US EPA. Nonpoint source pollutants come from non-specific locations and harder to regulate. Examples of nonpoint source pollutants are lawn fertilizers,pesticides,other chemicals, animal wastes, oils from street surfaces and industrial areas,and sediment from agriculture, construction,mining and forestry. These pollutants are washed off the ground's surface by stormwater and flushed into receiving storm sewers,ditches and streams. The term"best management practices" (BMPs)refers to design,construction and maintenance practices and criteria that minimize the impact of stormwater runoff rates and volumes,prevent erosion,protect natural resources and capture nonpoint source pollutants(including sediment). They can prevent increases in downstream flooding by attenuating runoff and enhancing infiltration of stormwater. They 0IIIII"0e C01,01l"',w, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ arage aC;II 0 1040 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES also minimize water quality degradation,preserve beneficial natural features onsite,maintain natural base flows,minimize habitat loss, and provide multiple usages of drainage and storage facilities. I..'II a' BMPs usually address pollutants that are liquids or are suspended in water that are washed into a lake or stream. Dumping regulations address solid matter, such as shopping carts,appliances and landscape waste that can be accidentally or intentionally thrown into channels or wetlands. Such materials may not pollute the water,but they can obstruct even low flows and reduce the channels'and wetlands'abilities to convey or clean stormwater. Many cities have nuisance ordinances that prohibit dumping garbage or other"objectionable waste" on public or private property. Waterway dumping regulations need to also apply to "non-objectionable" materials, such as grass clippings or tree branches,which can kill ground cover or cause obstructions in channels.Regular inspections to catch violations should be scheduled. Many people do not realize the consequences of their actions. They may,for example,fill in the ditch in their front yard without realizing that is needed to drain street runoff. They may not understand how re- grading their yard,filling a wetland, or discarding leaves or branches in a watercourse can cause a problem to themselves and others. Therefore, a dumping enforcement program should include public information materials that explain the reasons for the rules as well as the penalties. 411 II' I' II'::', IG IG G" ..III......... T II Farmland protection is an important piece of comprehensive planning and zoning throughout the United States. The purpose of farmland protection is to provide mechanisms for prime,unique,or important agricultural land to remain as such, and to be protected from conversion to nonagricultural uses. Frequently,farm owners sell their land to residential or commercial developers and the property is converted to non-agricultural land uses. With development comes more buildings,roads and other infrastructure. Urban sprawl occurs,which can lead to additional stormwater runoff and emergency management difficulties. Farms on the edge of cities are often appraised based on the price they could be sold for to urban developers. This may drive farmers to sell to developers because their marginal farm operations cannot afford to be taxed as urban land. The Farmland Protection Program in the United States Department of Agriculture's 2002 Farm Bill(Part 519)allows for funds to go to state,tribal,and local governments as well as nonprofit organizations to help purchase easements on agricultural land to protect against the development of the land. L...O IL....... II I" G IL...III I" " ..1.. I..II II''° I Z IG GI'III......... :', II..I There is credit for preserving open space in its natural condition or restored to a state approximating its natural condition. The credit is based on the percentage of the floodplain that can be documented as wetlands protected from development by ownership or local regulations. Communities in Monroe County could receive credit for Activity 420—Open Space Preservation for preserving a portion of the SFHA as open space. Additionally,credit is available for Activity 540—Drainage System Maintenance. Having a portion of the drainage system inspected regularly throughout the year and maintenance performed as needed would earn a community credit. Communities could also get credit under this activity for providing a listing of problem sites that are inspected more frequently,and for implementing an ongoing Capital Improvements Program. 0IIIII"0e C01,01l"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ arage C;II'II 1041 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES aIIbllllc „' 'P IIPII a't IIIrdall IIII'!'oscuii,c IIIrwIIII^ 't c IlciiIIiII III IiIrt'Iillgz't'IiciiIIiII IIII' t'IiucIIIIiIIs zIIIIiId IIII'!ccoIIII°,III IIII°,III oIIIIiIdod IIIr)IIII^o Iocts Action# I Mitigation Action I Reason for Pursuing/Not Pursuing Funding Natural Resource Protection Measures Considered by LMSWG and Not Recommended Continued enforcement All incorporated jurisdictions currently have of soil erosion and - ordinances in place,additional funding is not n/a sedimentation control needed for continued enforcement. ordinance. The County is prioritizing preservation of open Acquire land to preserve space through the acquisition of repetitive - n/a as open space loss properties in order to achieve multiple benefits through additional losses avoided. Natural Resource Protection Measures and Funding Recommended for Implementation Creation of a natural resources adaptation Monroe Natural Resources plan ensures the County and its municipalities Local, County and preserve their abundant natural resources that State, Adaptation Plan Municipalities serve protective,cultural,and recreational Federal roles. Add culverts to canals Monroe Local, on the East side of the This action will help manage potential water County and State, Municipalities city to improve water backup and protect water quality. Federal flow and water quality. w w4 EMERGENCYSERVICEIS MEASIIRESD Emergency services measures protect people during and after a disaster. A good emergency management program addresses all hazards,and it involves all local government departments. This section reviews emergency services measures following a chronological order of responding to an emergency. It starts with identifying an impending problem(threat recognition)and continues through post-disaster activities. III .. IG G"III.........COG II''^ II..1..II II''^ The first step in responding to a flood is to know when weather conditions are such that an event could occur. With a proper and timely threat recognition system,adequate warnings can be disseminated. The National Weather Service(NWS)is the prime agency for detecting meteorological threats. Severe weather warnings are transmitted through NOAA's Weather Radio System. Local emergency managers can then provide more site-specific and timely recognition after the Weather Service issues a watch or a warning. A flood threat recognition system predicts the time and height of a flood crest. This can be done by measuring rainfall,soil moisture, and stream flows upstream of the community and calculating the subsequent flood levels. On smaller rivers and streams,locally established rainfall and river gauges are needed to establish a flood threat recognition system. The NWS may issue a"flash flood watch." This is issued to indicate current or developing hydrologic conditions that are favorable for flash flooding in and close to the watch area, but the occurrence is neither certain nor imminent. These events are so localized and so rapid that a "flash flood warning"may not be issued,especially if no remote threat recognition equipment is available. In the absence of a gauging system on small streams,the best threat recognition system is to have local personnel monitor rainfall and stream conditions. While specific flood crests and times will not be predicted,this approach will provide advance notice of potential local or flash flooding. 0II""III"0e . �.0Ldll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 I"+°fll.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ arage C;II2'' 1042 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES ' Iu" The next step in emergency response following threat recognition is to notify the public and staff of other agencies and critical facilities. More people can implement protection measures if warnings are early and include specific detail. The NWS issues notices to the public using two levels of notification: — Watch: conditions are right for flooding,thunderstorms,tornadoes or winter storms. — Warning: a flood,tornado,etc.,has started or been observed. A more specific warning may be disseminated by the community in a variety of ways. The following are the more common methods: — CodeRED countywide mass telephone emergency communication system — Commercial or public radio or TV stations — The Weather Channel — Cable TV emergency news inserts — Telephone trees/mass telephone notification — NOAA Weather Radio — Tone activated receivers in key facilities — Outdoor warning sirens — Sirens on public safety vehicles — Door-to-door contact — Mobile public address systems — Email notifications Just as important as issuing a warning is telling people what to do in case of an emergency. A warning program should include a public information component. ..."� The National Weather Service(NWS)established the StormReady program to help local governments improve the timeliness and u,u effectiveness of hazardous weather-related warnings for the public. To be officially StormReady,a community must: — Establish a 24-hour warning point and emergency operations center — Have more than one way to receive severe weather warnings and forecasts and to alert the public — Create a system that monitors weather conditions locally — Promote the importance of public readiness through community seminars — Develop a formal hazardous weather plan,which includes training severe weather spotters and holding emergency exercises Being designated a NWS StormReady community is a good measure of a community's emergency warning program for weather hazards. The protection of life and property is the most important task of emergency responders. Concurrent with threat recognition and issuing warnings,a community should respond with actions that can prevent or reduce damage and injuries. Typical actions and responding parties include the following: 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ arage ram;1113 1043 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES — Activating the emergency operations center(emergency preparedness) — Closing streets or bridges(police or public works) — Shutting off power to threatened areas(utility company) — Passing out sand and sandbags(public works) — Holding children at school or releasing children from school(school superintendent) — Opening evacuation shelters(the American Red Cross) — Monitoring water levels(public works) — Establishing security and other protection measures(police) An emergency action plan ensures that all bases are covered and that the response activities are appropriate for the expected threat. These plans are developed in coordination with the agencies or offices that are given various responsibilities. Emergency response plans should be updated annually to keep contact names and telephone numbers current and to ensure that supplies and equipment that will be needed are still available. They should be critiqued and revised after disasters and exercises to take advantage of the lessons learned and of changing conditions. The end result is a coordinated effort implemented by people who have experience working together so that available resources will be used in the most efficient manner possible. C III II0'" II'" II':' Ih..°°III III.........IL..:."I There are six key components to a successful evacuation: — Adequate warning — Adequate routes — Proper timing to ensure the routes are clear — Traffic control — Knowledgeable travelers — Care for special populations(e.g.,disabled persons,prisoners,hospital patients, schoolchildren) Those who cannot get out of harm's way need shelter. Typically,the American Red Cross will staff a shelter and ensure that there is adequate food,bedding, and wash facilities. Shelter management is a specialized skill. Managers must deal with problems like scared children,families that want to bring in their pets,and the potential for an overcrowded facility. L...O IL....... II I" M " ..1.. I..II IP" IG Zs 0 fllllll Flash flood warnings are issued by National Weather Service Offices,which have the local and county warning responsibility. Flood warnings are forecasts of coming floods,are distributed to the public by the NOAA Weather Radio,commercial radio and television,and through local emergency agencies.The warning message tells the expected degree of flooding,the affected river,when and where flooding will begin,and the expected maximum river level at specific forecast points during flood crest. Communities in Monroe County could receive credit for Activity 610—Flood Warning Program for maintaining a program that provides timely identification of impending flood threats,disseminates warnings to appropriate floodplain residents,and coordinates flood response activities. Community Rating System credits are based on the number and types of warning media that can reach the community's flood prone population. Depending on the location,communities can receive credit for the telephone calling system and more credits for additional measures,like telephone trees.Being designated as a StormReady community also provides additional credits. 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 113a e c,II4u 1044 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES alllh llllc „' uu°ul cuu^gcuu cd uualiucas III IilrtigatiocIIIIiII t IIIP 'dc iiis auuid IIII'!ocoIIII°III IIII°III oIIIIided IIII')IIIrgjec s Action # Mitigation Action Reason for Pursuing/Not Pursuing Funding Emergency Services Measures Considered by LMSWG and Not Recommended Improve Satellite This activity was completed with the Communication implementation of Starlink and purchase of n/a satellite phones for senior management. Currently post-event rebuilding is regulated Develop a post-disaster by the floodplain management regulations. Additional higher regulatory standards will be - recovery plan to regulate n/a reconstruction considered for the floodplain management regulations that could support mitigation in reconstruction. Emergency Services Measures and Funding Recommended for Implementation Layton/ This certification will improve Layton and Monroe Become/Recertify as a Monroe County's ability to swiftly disseminate Local, County StormReady Community information regarding hazardous weather State events Planning/Development of Sister City EOC: Develop a plan Key West maintains records outside of the Local, Key and implement a Sister City City,however maintaining a Sister City EOC State, West Emergency Operations Center will ensure effective continuity of operations Federal for large scale pre&post in the event the City is physically inaccessible disaster situations Four general types of flood control projects are reviewed here: levees,reservoirs,diversions, and dredging. These projects have three advantages not provided by other mitigation measures: — They can stop most flooding,protecting streets and landscaping in addition to buildings. — Many projects can be built without disrupting citizens'homes and businesses. — They are constructed and maintained by a government agency, a more dependable long-term management arrangement than depending on many individual private property owners. However, as shown below,structural measures also have shortcomings. The appropriateness of using flood control depends on individual project area circumstances. Advantages — They may provide the greatest amount of protection for land area used — Because of land limitations,they may be the only practical solution in some circumstances — They can incorporate other benefits into structural project design, such as water supply and recreational uses — Regional detention may be more cost-efficient and effective than requiring numerous small detention basins Disadvantages 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ arage aC;II,'',;;m 1045 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES — They can disturb the land and disrupt the natural water flows,often destroying wildlife habitat — They require regular maintenance — They are built to a certain flood protection level that can be exceeded by larger floods — They can create a false sense of security — They promote more intensive land use and development in the floodplain II'' IC IL.,.00II': L...IL.. Probably the best-known flood control measure is a barrier of earth(levee)or concrete(floodwall) erected between the watercourse and the property to be protected. Levees and floodwalls confine water to the stream channel by raising its banks. They must be well designed to account for large floods,underground seepage,pumping of internal drainage,and erosion and scour. II II II II�:'�� II II II�i:II' II 0 II"'u � Reservoirs reduce flooding by temporarily storing � �°� ' flood waters behind dams or in storage or detention ;1 basins. Reservoirs lower flood heights by holding b of „ VJrr � � ` back,or detaining,runoff before it can flow downstream. Flood waters are detained until the flood has subsided, and then the water in the reservoir or detention basin is released or pumped out slowly at a ` W rate that the river can accommodate downstream. Reservoirs can be dry and remain idle until a large rain , �o event occurs. Or they may be designed so that a lake or pond is created. The lake may provide recreational benefits or water supply(which could also help Retention pond mitigate a drought). Flood control reservoirs are most commonly built for one of two purposes. Large reservoirs are constructed to protect property from existing flood problems. Smaller reservoirs,or detention basins, are built to protect property from the stormwater runoff impacts of new development. II G Zs II 0 II'111 A diversion is a new channel that sends floodwaters to a different location,thereby reducing flooding along an existing watercourse. Diversions can be surface channels,overflow weirs,or tunnels. During normal flows,the water stays in the old channel. During floods,the floodwaters spill over to the diversion channel or tunnel,which carries the excess water to a receiving lake or river. L...00N 1AG IL...III I" I11 ..I.. I..II IP" IG Zs 0 fllllll Structural flood control projects that provide at least 100-year flood protection and that result in revisions to the Flood Insurance Rate Map are not credited by the CRS so as not to duplicate the larger premium reduction provided by removing properties from the mapped floodplain. Other flood control projects can be accepted by offering a 25-year flood protection. III'al')l lW t„'mlld....dtul°uactoii, l IIII' uI°ojcc s III Iilrtigatliooini t IIIP 'tliooins aind IIII'1^ocouu°,ul uu°,ul lcuu dod III' iro ec s Action# I Mitigation Action I Reason for Pursuing/Not Pursuing Funding Structural Project Measures Considered by LMSWG and Not Recommended Construction of outfalls, Key West has completed 17 such projects; - gravity wells,and exfiltration continued maintenance is necessary, but n/a trenches no further funds are being sought M011'I II°0 C01,01i""It a u.. Su� � y ..��2 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ 1046 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES Action# I Mitigation Action Reason for Pursuing/Not Pursuing Funding Structural Project Measures and Funding Recommended for Implementation Monroe County-wide Road Elevation Structural improvements to City and Local, County and and Drainage Improvements County streets will mitigate impacts from State, Municipalities (Phase 1 of 2) flooding and aide evacuation procedures. Federal Improving the seawall will further Local, 701 Palm Seawall:Seawall resilience to flooding,tropical cyclones, Key West State, replacement and sea level rise in its immediate Federal surroundings O .. ......... Outreach projects are the first step in the process of orienting property owners to the hazards they face and to the concept of property protection. They are designed to encourage people to seek out more information in order to take steps to protect themselves and their properties. Awareness of the hazard is not enough;people need to be told what they can do about the hazard. Thus, projects should include information on safety,health and property protection measures.Research has shown that a properly run local information program is more effective than national advertising or publicity campaigns. Therefore,outreach projects should be locally designed and tailored to meet local conditions. Community newsletters/direct mailings: The most effective types of outreach projects are mailed or distributed to everyone in the community. In the case of floods,they can be sent only to floodplain property owners. News media: Local newspapers can be strong allies in efforts to inform the public.Local radio stations and cable TV channels can also help. These media offer interview formats and cable TV may be willing to broadcast videos on the hazards. L...IIIIIiIG " G 'II II':' iII "'III The two previous activities tell people that they are exposed to a hazard. The next step is to provide information to those who want to know more. The community library and local websites are obvious places for residents to seek information on hazards,hazard protection,and protecting natural resources. Books and pamphlets on hazard mitigation can be given to libraries,and many of these can be obtained for free from state and federal agencies. Libraries also have their own public information campaigns with displays,lectures and other projects,which can augment the activities of the local government. Today, websites are commonly used as research tools. They provide fast access to a wealth of public and private sites for information. Through links to other websites,there is almost no limit to the amount of up to date information that can be accessed on the Internet. In addition to online floodplain maps,websites can link to information for homeowners on how to retrofit for floods or a website about floods for children. 0IIIII"0e C01,01l"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 113age C;II"/ 1047 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES IICIIIIIII II°°°°°III `4 II CA ASSSI N'401IIIIIII Residents and business owners that are aware of the potential hazards can take steps to avoid problems or reduce their exposure to flooding. Communities can easily provide map information from FEMA's FIRMS and Flood Insurance Studies. They may also assist residents in submitting requests for map amendments and revisions when they are needed to show that a building is located outside the mapped floodplain. Some communities supplement what is shown on the FIRM with information on additional hazards, flooding outside mapped areas and zoning. When the map information is provided,community staff can explain insurance,property protection measures and mitigation options that are available to property owners. They should also remind inquirers that being outside the mapped floodplain is no guarantee that a property will never flood. PROPE177 Y 4' 7 EM""ION A SIS'TANCE While general information provided by outreach projects or the library is beneficial,most property owners do not feel ready to retrofit their buildings without more specific guidance. Local building department staffs are experts in construction. They can provide free advice,not necessarily to design a protection measure,but to steer the owner onto the right track. Building or public works department staffs can provide the following types of assistance: — Visit properties and offer protection suggestions — Recommend or identify qualified or licensed contractors — Inspect homes for anchoring of roofing and the home to the foundation — Explain when building permits are needed for home improvements. III'i IL...II C II II M A 1 I0I''^ A Program for Public Information(PPI)is a document that receives CRS credit. It is a review of local conditions,local public information needs,and a recommended plan of activities. A PPI consists of the following parts,which are incorporated into this plan: — The local flood hazard — The property protection measures appropriate for the flood hazard — Flood safety measures appropriate for the local situation — The public information activities currently being implemented within the community,including those being carried out by non-government agencies — Goals for the community's public information program — The outreach projects that will be done each year to reach the goals — The process that will be followed to monitor and evaluate the projects L...O IL....... II I" M " ..1.. I..II IP" IG?s 0 fllllll Communities in Monroe County could receive credit under Activity 330—Outreach Projects as well as Activity 350—Flood Protection Information. Credit is available for targeted and general outreach projects. Credit is also provided for making publications relating to floodplain management available in the reference section of the local library. 1111�II allll' Mlle tam IIl!)U' IIIHC Illuu 'tauu^uu°'ul la't!A'dluuil auu id O tiivadl i III Iilrti a't'Iiloiiii Qptloiiis uuui IIII'!o.ma uu°'ulWuu°'ulWouuil o 'IIII')uu^ jec s colr"IIi oe coLdu""Iw, „a u. u� � y ..02 I"+°fll.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"I� Il+fillLll„;I�LIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.NI�II"'„ I wage Wc,II I13 1048 APPENDIXQ MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES Action # Mitigation Action Reason for Pursuing/Not Pursuing Funding -7 1 Public Information and Outreach Measures Considered by LMSWG and Not Recommended A PPI has been developed which Promote hurricane and flood distributes outreach materials that - n/a awareness to residents and businesses. provide hurricane and flood protection and preparedness information. Comprehensive hazard mitigation (prevention)education and outreach Public outreach material has been program targeted to government created,published and distributed n/a employees,the construction industry, throughout county. and trades,and the general public. Public Information and Outreach Measures and Funding Recommended for Implementation Expand Public Outreach: Mapping, The City will expand on its existing Key outreach,floodproofing,windproofing, public outreach capabilities to provide Local West individual mitigation actions, information on a wider range of hazards disclosures,financing,etc. and mitigation opportunities. moinioe coLdu""It a u. u� � y ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 1049 uuuuuul uuumlllll� IIIVI uuumlllll� ills IIIVI uuuuum uuumlllll� IIIVI uuuuuuuuuu Florida's Administrative Code 27P-22 delegates authority to the LMS Working Group to set priorities and identify projects.FDEM encourages the LMS to pre-identify(and"bank")projects and gather initial data to facilitate the priority setting process and aid in more rapid consideration in the post-disaster period. The LMS allows submissions from jurisdictions,utility agencies,and non-profit organizations, among others. It is expected that initiatives"banked"into the Mitigation Strategy(found in Section 7)are identified based on information and data contained within this plan and other relevant resources. Initiatives are expected to be consistent with current policies and regulations,technically feasible,likely to have high political and social acceptance,and be achievable using existing authorities and staff. These details are identified in the preliminary enhanced STAPLEE prioritization introduced in Section 6. This appendix further details the County's prioritization process for the projects prioritized for HMA grant consideration. IIII IIII III III I IIIGA I III IIII Illf Illf IIII Illf IIII III °°°III IIII Ilf Illf �� Monroe County maintains an evolving list of project initiatives that includes many site-specific initiatives. This list may be modified periodically. The creation of this list results from three distinct steps in the process. The timeline for these steps is contained in the table below and each step is defined in more detail in the sections that follow: clllhsllllc llll"l"i Il31iaiect ilrmul°Iiltlilrzatliurmuu�l llll')uu^mcos ""IIP"Iiuul° ollllliuuu�lr^ Timeframe Steps Quarterly Step 1:Accept NOIs to"bank" projects; LMSWG Coordinator updates Mitigation Action Plan from Section 7. Post- Step 2: Entities electing to move projects from the Mitigation Action Plan to Disaster/When the prioritized list submit characterization forms; Ranking subcommittee NOFA is Issued reviews and completed prioritization forms; LMSWG Coordinator updates prioritization Step 3: Entities asked to review lists(Mitigation Action Plan and HMA Annually Prioritized List)to identified projects that are completed,deleted,or to be carried forward. ."73 "7 E'P ONE: PRE;"I IMI A °IDS; 7...I I .7...IO OF`1017.IC .7...IO I 17.../A.'7"""IVY; IS Initiatives may be placed on the Mitigation Action Plan list by any eligible entity that provides minimum information.New additions to the Mitigation Action Plan during this cycle are considered part of the "bank"moving forward. The Working Group allows submissions on a quarterly basis, so that eligible entities are not constrained by an annual opportunity to identify and pursue projects and funding.When an initiative submits a new project outside of the 5 year LMS update cycle,they are to do so by submitting a Notice of Intent(NOI)form,which may be obtained from the LMS Coordinator through the M011'I II"0e C01,01l"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ I w,ar,e II',1II 1050 Monroe County Emergency Management Department. Submission of NOIs require the following minimum information: — Name of owner/entity; — Name and brief description of initiative/project; — "Best estimate"of project costs; and — Identification of mitigation category,mitigation goal(s), and hazards addressed. Implementation of the identified mitigation actions from Step One,especially site-specific initiatives,is usually dependent upon the availability of funding. A project that is on the Step One(Mitigation Action Plan)list is moved to the Step Two(Prioritized)list when the owner/entity anticipates developing and submitting the formal application to FDEM and FEMA; at this point,the LMSWG is charged with prioritizing projects for available funding.Notices of Funding Availability(NOFA)may be issued annually(i.e. for FEMA's FMA and BRIC programs)or after disasters that yield HMGP funds,in which case NOFAs are usually issued within 90 days.Whether on an annual basis or post-disaster,the LMSWG members would be notified and eligible entities would then decide whether they are prepared to submit the applicable information to formalize initiatives from Step One. The LMS working group is charged with developing a prioritized list of initiatives pursuant to State requirements(Chapter 27P-22.006); at any given time,priorities may change due to various factors such as recent damage,availability of non-federal cost share, or changes in priorities of the funding agency. When a NOFA is anticipated or received,the LMS Coordinator will notify entities that have initiatives in the Mitigation Action Plan. In order to have an initiative forwarded to the funding agency,detailed data specified in the Characterization Form,which can be obtained from the LMS Coordinator and will be sent out with the announcement of a NOFA,are required so that the LMSWG's Ranking Subcommittee can process and determine priorities—thus creating a Prioritized Initiative(Step Two)list. The most up to date Prioritized List can be found on the following page. The following minimum information will be required: — Name of owner/entity and the point of contact responsible for providing the detailed information; — Initiative/project title,description of the project,whether it benefits a critical facility,and whether the applicant has the legal authority to undertake the project; — Estimate of how quickly the project could be started and how long it would take to complete; — The LMS goals/objectives addressed,a scope of work and need, and the hazard(s)and problem(s)it would address; — Description of the general benefits, including number of people impacted,economic benefits, social benefits, environmental benefits,and whether historic resources are affected; — Estimated total project costs and whether a formal Benefit-Cost Analysis has been prepared or if the estimated benefits are based on the worksheet to approximate a Benefit-to-Cost Ratio; — Statements regarding feasibility; consistency with other plans,policies,codes and ordinances;permits and approvals necessary; level of effort to implement; and likely reception by the public; and — An attachment to approximate benefits and costs. 0II,II"0e . �.0Ldll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ I wad,e II',1 2' 1051 .Tw, .7...E'P "7 HREE COMPI,E 7 ELOD "I..,E 7 E RRIED FORWARDI F7.../A'7"""IVY IIS In order to maintain records that demonstrate progress toward the mitigation goals, such as the details found in Section 2.9,the LMSWG recognizes that is important to track completed initiatives as well as initiatives that are deleted from the list,including those for which sufficient information was not provided to retain on one of the other lists. At least once a year,entities that have initiatives on either list (regardless of source of funding)will report whether these initiatives have been completed,deleted,or are carried forward—subsequently remaining on the appropriate list. At any time, entities may request that an initiative be deleted. The LMS Coordinator will maintain a list of such action. 0IIIII"0e C01,01l"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 1052 APPENDIX E: REFERENCES — Brink,Uri ten; David Twichell; Patrick Lynett; Eric Geist;Jason Chaytor; Homa Lee; Brian Buczkowski; and Claudia Flores. Regional Assessment of Tsunami Potential in the Gulf of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Administrative Report.National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program.2009. — Climate Central Surging Seas Risk Finder,Accessed February 2025 — FEMA Disaster Declarations Summary,Updated March 2025. — FEMA Mitigation Ideas: A Resource for Reducing Risk to Natural Hazards. 2013. — FEMA.Monroe County and Incorporated Areas Flood Insurance Study. Revised May 16,2012. — FEMA. Community Information System,2025. — FEMA,ISO. Monroe County Repetitive Loss Data.August 2024. — Florida Department of Business and Professional Regulation,Florida Building Commission. Florida Building Code, 8'Edition. 2023. — Florida Department of Environmental Protection,Division of Water Resource Management. Critically Eroded Beaches in Florida.Updated August 2024 — Florida Department of Environmental Protection,Office of Resilience and Coastal Protection. Strategic Beach Management Plan: Florida Keys Region.May 2023. — Florida Department of Transportation.Florida Bridge Inventory,2019. — Florida TaxWatch,Updated April 2020. — IPCC,2007. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (Solomon, S., D. Qin,M.Manning,Z. Chen,M.Marquis,K. B.Averyt,M. Tignor,and H. L.A-2 EC 1165-2- 212 1 Oct 11 Miller,eds.). Cambridge University Press,Cambridge,United Kingdom and New York,NY,USA. — IPCC,2014. Climate Change 2014: Impacts,Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. — IPCC,2018: Global warming of 1.5°C.An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways,in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty [V. Masson-Delmotte,P.Zhai,H. O.Portner,D. Roberts,J. Skea,P.R. Shukla,A.Pirani,W. Moufouma-Okia, C. P6an,R. Pidcock, S. Connors,J. B.R. Matthews,Y. Chen,X.Zhou,M. I. Gomis,E. Lonny, T.Maycock,M. Tignor,T.Waterfield (eds.)]. In Press. — IPCC,2023: Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, 11 and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team,H. Lee and J.Romero(eds.)]. IPCC,Geneva, Switzerland,pp. 35-115, doi: 10.59327/IPCC/AR6-9789291691647. 0II,II"0e . �.0,.dll"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 Iw+fi,l.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a II+fi,IlLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ gage I@iiii,;Il 1053 APPENDIX E: REFERENCES — James B.Elsner, Svetoslava C.Elsner,and Thomas H.Jagger. The increasing efficiency of tornadoes in the United States. Climate Dynamics/vol.45 issue 3-4,pp 651-659. — Mazzei,Patricia. 82 Days Underwater: The Tide is High but They're Holding On.November 24, 2019.New York Times.h s:!! nyti es.com/2019l11l24luslflorida-keys-flooding-kin - tide.html — Mentaschi,L. et al. Global long-term observations of coastal erosion and accretion. August 27, 2018. Scientific Reports.https:Hdoi.org/10.1038/s4l598-018-30904-w — Monroe County local GIS data(parcels,LOMCs, critical facilities). 2024. — Monroe County Emergency Management Department.Monroe County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan.Updated July 2022. — Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy,2020. — Monroe County Ordinance 006-2020,February 10,2020. — Monroe County Post-Disaster Recovery Strategy Operational Framework,January 2020. — Monroe County Rate of Growth Ordinance, 1992. — Monroe County Recovery Plan, October 2009. — Monroe County Tax Parcels,2024. — National Climate Assessment,2014. — Fifth National Climate Assessment,2023. — National Drought Mitigation Center,Drought Impact Reporter. — National Integrated Drought Information System,U.S.Drought Portal. — National Weather Service. — NOAA, Coastal Change Analysis Program(C-CAP). https://coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/data/ccapregional.htrnl — NOAA,National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database. — NOAA,National Hurricane Center. — NOAA, Office of Coastal Management. — NOAA, Tides and Currents — North Carolina State Climate Office. Climate Tools. — Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact.Unified Sea Level Rise Projection.Updated 2019. Accessed February 2025. — Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment,2025. — State of Florida.Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan. 2023. — U.S. Census Bureau.American Community Survey 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates. — U.S. Census Bureau.2010 Decennial Census. — U.S. Census Bureau.2000 Decennial Census. — U.S. Coast Guard National Response Center. 0IIIII"0e C01,01l"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 3rag 1054 APPENDIX E: REFERENCES — U.S. Department of Agriculture,Risk Management Agency,Cause of Loss Historical Data Files, 2007-2023. — U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration — U.S. Drought Monitor. February 2025. — U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxic Release Inventory. — U.S. Forest Service,Wildland Fire Assessment System. — U.S. Geological Survey Coastal Change Hazards Portal. — U.S. Global Change Research Program,2016: The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment.http://dx.doi.org/10.7930/JOR49NQX — USGCRP,2017: Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment,Volume I [Wuebbles,D.J.,D.W.Fahey,K.A.Hibbard,D.J. Dokken,B.C. Stewart, and T.K.Maycock (eds.)].U.S. Global Change Research Program,Washington,DC,USA,470 pp., doi: 10.7930/JOJ964J6. — VAISALA,National Lightning Detection Network. 0IIIII"0e C01,01l"',t, „a u. u� gy ..02 II.s Lu°°nl,Nllll..w„Ild"LIIM�IWa I.,.M�d"a Il+fillLll„;aLIIM�III LII"i;�Lq.q,,;,, n�IWI.N�II"'„ 1055 wood. Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy rilr�r < r u rrri ..' I „„ 'rl � //%�/ � i'f r< �1 "',JV . i,,,,, ,r 1G� „1 r,• �"r"n fy'v�,n, �/�/'�// .......... r Yr�IF �u I r M�� J l/ �✓t t r li r J/ INI� ���I if(411�6JIff((llllrr5t � 9 !d ' 1056 TABLE OF CONTENTS uuuuu uui uuuu iii uuiuiii ti««�iiiiiiiii uiu tititi»i�uu iiiiuuuiuuiiuuuuu ui uuuuuiuiii uiiii k u u I A iu����`u��llllulliuuuuio�uuuuiluuuuulll����luuuu�oo�uu�llll�lll�luuuuu�luuuuuo�uu�llluu�����u��iuuuuullu�dllluuu u��iu�iiui�lllllllllll 1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Background...................................................................................................................................1 1.2 Purpose and Authority..................................................................................................................2 1.3 Scope.............................................................................................................................................2 1.4 References ....................................................................................................................................3 1.5 Plan Organization..........................................................................................................................3 1.6 Key Terms and Acronyms..............................................................................................................4 1.6.1 Key Terms..............................................................................................................................4 1.6.2 Acronyms..............................................................................................................................4 2 Planning Process ...........................................................................................................................5 2.1 Purpose.........................................................................................................................................5 2.2 What's Changed in the Plan..........................................................................................................6 2.3 Preparing the Plan.........................................................................................................................7 2.3.1 Phase I—Planning Process....................................................................................................8 2.3.2 Phase II—Risk Assessment....................................................................................................9 2.3.3 Phase III—Mitigation Strategy............................................................................................10 2.3.4 Phase IV—Plan Maintenance..............................................................................................10 2.4 Local Mitigation Strategy Working Group ..................................................................................10 2.5 Meetings and Workshops...........................................................................................................13 2.5.1 Annual LMSWG Meetings...................................................................................................14 2.6 Involving the Public.....................................................................................................................14 2.7 Outreach Efforts..........................................................................................................................15 2.8 Involving the Stakeholders..........................................................................................................16 2.9 Documentation of Plan Progress................................................................................................16 3 Planning Area Profile...................................................................................................................20 3.1 Geography and Environment......................................................................................................20 3.2 Population and Demographics....................................................................................................27 3.3 Historic Properties......................................................................................................................31 3.4 Housing.......................................................................................................................................32 3.5 Infrastructure..............................................................................................................................34 3.5.1 Transportation ....................................................................................................................34 3.5.2 Utilities................................................................................................................................34 3.6 Current and Future Land Use......................................................................................................35 3.6.1 Rate of Growth Ordinance..................................................................................................35 M.ortaoe Couuuby,1�1.. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1057 TABLE OF CONTENTS 3.7 Employment and Industry...........................................................................................................37 3.7.1 Wages and Employment.....................................................................................................37 4 Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment......................................................................................39 4.1 Overview.....................................................................................................................................39 4.2 Hazard Identification...................................................................................................................40 4.3 Risk Assessment Methodology and Assumptions.......................................................................44 4.4 Asset Inventory...........................................................................................................................48 4.4.1 Building Exposure................................................................................................................48 4.4.2 Critical Facilities and Infrastructure Exposure....................................................................49 4.5 Hazard Profiles,Analysis, and Vulnerability................................................................................51 4.5.1 Flood ...................................................................................................................................51 4.5.2 Tropical Cyclones................................................................................................................80 4.5.3 Severe Storms(Thunderstorm Wind, Lightning, and Hail)...............................................105 4.5.4 Tornadoes and Waterspouts.............................................................................................116 4.5.5 Wildfire..............................................................................................................................130 4.5.6 Coastal Erosion..................................................................................................................145 4.5.7 Drought.............................................................................................................................153 4.5.8 Extreme Heat....................................................................................................................161 4.5.9 Sea Level Rise and other Climate Change Characteristics................................................167 4.5.10 Radiological Incident.........................................................................................................181 4.5.11 Cyber Attack......................................................................................................................187 4.6 Conclusions on Hazard Risk.......................................................................................................192 4.7 References ................................................................................................................................194 5 Capability Assessment...............................................................................................................196 5.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................196 5.2 Capability Assessment Findings................................................................................................196 5.2.1 Planning and Regulatory Capability..................................................................................197 5.2.2 Administrative and Technical Capability...........................................................................203 5.2.3 Fiscal Capability.................................................................................................................204 5.2.4 Education and Outreach Capability..................................................................................205 5.2.5 Political Capability.............................................................................................................206 5.3 Conclusions on Local Capability................................................................................................206 6 Mitigation Strategy....................................................................................................................207 6.1 Goals and Objectives.................................................................................................................207 6.1.1 Coordination with Other Planning Efforts ........................................................................207 6.1.2 Goal Setting.......................................................................................................................208 6.1.3 Resulting Goals and Objectives.........................................................................................208 I ftu°taoe Couuuby,1�1.. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1058 TABLE OF CONTENTS 6.2 Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Activities..................................................................209 6.2.1 Prioritization Process........................................................................................................209 7 Mitigation Action Plan...............................................................................................................211 8 Plan Maintenance .....................................................................................................................229 8.1 Distribution...............................................................................................................................229 8.2 Implementation ........................................................................................................................229 8.3 Monitoring, Evaluation, and Enhancement..............................................................................230 8.3.1 Role of LMSWG in Implementation, Monitoring and Maintenance.................................230 8.3.2 Monitoring and Maintenance Schedule ...........................................................................231 8.3.3 Maintenance Evaluation Process......................................................................................231 8.4 Continued Public Involvement..................................................................................................232 9 Plan Adoption...........................................................................................................................234 AnnexA Monroe County...........................................................................................................264 A.1 Planning Process.......................................................................................................................264 A.2 Community Profile....................................................................................................................264 A.3 Risk Assessment........................................................................................................................265 A.3.1 Flood .................................................................................................................................266 A.3.2 Sea Level Rise....................................................................................................................275 A.3.3 Storm Surge.......................................................................................................................283 A.3.4 Wildfire..............................................................................................................................291 A.4 Capability Assessment ..............................................................................................................313 A.4.1 Comprehensive Plan and Future Land Use.......................................................................313 A.4.2 Floodplain Management...................................................................................................316 A.5 Mitigation Strategy...................................................................................................................318 AnnexB City of Key Colony Beach..............................................................................................327 B.1 Planning Process.......................................................................................................................327 B.2 Community Profile....................................................................................................................327 B.3 Risk Assessment........................................................................................................................329 B.3.1 Flood .................................................................................................................................331 B.3.2 Sea Level Rise....................................................................................................................334 B.3.3 Storm Surge.......................................................................................................................336 B.3.4 Wildfire..............................................................................................................................338 B.4 Capability Assessment ..............................................................................................................342 B.4.1 Comprehensive Plan and Land Use...................................................................................342 B.4.2 Floodplain Management...................................................................................................344 B.5 Mitigation Strategy...................................................................................................................346 AnnexC City of Key West..........................................................................................................354 M.ortaoe Couuuty,1�1.. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1059 TABLE OF CONTENTS CAPlanning Process.......................................................................................................................354 C.2 Community Profile....................................................................................................................354 C.3 Risk Assessment........................................................................................................................356 C.3.1 Flood .................................................................................................................................359 C.3.2 Sea Level Rise....................................................................................................................362 C.3.3 Storm Surge.......................................................................................................................364 C.3.4 Wildfire..............................................................................................................................366 CACapability Assessment ..............................................................................................................370 C.4.1 Comprehensive Plan and Land Use...................................................................................370 C.4.2 Floodplain Management...................................................................................................373 C.5 Mitigation Strategy...................................................................................................................376 AnnexD City of Layton..............................................................................................................389 D.1 Planning Process.......................................................................................................................389 D.2 Community Profile....................................................................................................................389 D.3 Risk Assessment........................................................................................................................391 D.3.1 Flood .................................................................................................................................393 D.3.2 Sea Level Rise....................................................................................................................396 D.3.3 Storm Surge.......................................................................................................................398 D.3.4 Wildfire..............................................................................................................................400 DACapability Assessment ..............................................................................................................404 D.4.1 Comprehensive Plan and Land Use...................................................................................404 D.4.2 Floodplain Management...................................................................................................404 D.5 Mitigation Strategy...................................................................................................................406 AnnexE City of Marathon.........................................................................................................414 E.1 Planning Process.......................................................................................................................414 E.2 Community Profile....................................................................................................................414 E.3 Risk Assessment........................................................................................................................416 E.3.1 Flood .................................................................................................................................418 E.3.2 Sea Level Rise....................................................................................................................421 E.3.3 Storm Surge.......................................................................................................................423 E.3.4 Wildfire..............................................................................................................................425 EACapability Assessment ..............................................................................................................429 E.4.1 Comprehensive Plan and Land Use...................................................................................429 E.4.2 Floodplain Management...................................................................................................434 E.5 Mitigation Strategy...................................................................................................................436 AnnexF Islamorada Village of Islands........................................................................................444 F.1 Planning Process.......................................................................................................................444 M.ortaoe Couuuty,1�1.. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1060 TABLE OF CONTENTS F.2 Community Profile....................................................................................................................444 F.3 Risk Assessment........................................................................................................................446 F.3.1 Flood .................................................................................................................................448 F.3.2 Sea Level Rise....................................................................................................................451 F.3.3 Storm Surge.......................................................................................................................453 F.3.4 Wildfire..............................................................................................................................455 F.4 Capability Assessment ..............................................................................................................459 F.4.1 Comprehensive Plan and Land Use...................................................................................459 F.4.2 Floodplain Management...................................................................................................463 F.5 Mitigation Strategy...................................................................................................................465 AppendixA Plan Review Tool .....................................................................................................A.1 AppendixB Planning Process Documentation ............................................................................. B.1 AppendixC Mitigation Alternatives.............................................................................................CA CA Categories of Mitigation Measures Considered ........................................................................CA C.2 Alternative Mitigation Measures per Category.........................................................................CA C.2.1 Preventative and Regulatory Measures.............................................................................CA C.2.2 Property Protection Measures...........................................................................................C.5 C.2.3 Natural Resource Protection..............................................................................................C.8 C.2.4 Emergency Services Measures.........................................................................................C.11 C.2.5 Structural Projects............................................................................................................C.14 C.2.6 Public Information............................................................................................................C.16 Appendix D Mitigation Prioritization Process...............................................................................D.1 D.1 Mitigation Prioritization Process................................................................................................D.1 D.1.1 Step One: Preliminary Identification of Mitigation Initiatives...........................................D.1 D.1.2 Step Two: Prioritized Mitigation Initiatives .......................................................................D.2 D.1.3 Step Three: Completed/Deleted/Carried Forward Initiatives ...........................................D.2 AppendixE References................................................................................................................E.1 M.orti,ve Couuuby,1�1.. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1061 SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION Section 1 provides a general introduction to hazard mitigation and an introduction to the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy.This section contains the following subsections: 1.1 Background 1.2 Purpose and Authority 1.3 Scope 1.4 References 1.5 Plan Organization 1.6 Key Terms and Acronyms uuuui «« »iiii iii ii� iiiuui uiuu uu uii uu uu uuuui I U Iu l I I I A muuuu�ui�uuuuu muuuuiillliluuuio�uullluuilmuuuoiiui�lluull�uuuuo��lluuuuio�uullluuuiuuuuui�������������������������� This document comprises a Local Mitigation Strategy for Monroe County in Florida. Each year in the United States, natural and human-caused hazards take the lives of hundreds of people and injure thousands more. Nationwide, taxpayers pay billions of dollars annually to help communities, organizations, businesses, and individuals recover from disasters.These monies only partially reflect the true cost of disasters because additional expenses incurred by insurance companies and non- governmental organizations are not reimbursed by tax dollars. Many natural hazards are predictable,and much of the damage caused by hazard events can be reduced or even eliminated. Hazards are a natural part of the environment that will inevitably continue to occur, but there is much we can do to minimize their impacts on our communities and prevent them from resulting in disasters. Every community faces different hazards, has different resources to draw upon in combating problems,and has different interests that influence the solutions to those problems. Because there are many ways to deal with hazards and many agencies that can help,there is no one solution for managing or mitigating their effects. Planning is one of the best ways to develop a customized program that will mitigate the impacts of hazards while accounting for the unique character of a community. A well-prepared local mitigation strategy will ensure that all possible activities are reviewed and implemented so that the problem is addressed by the most appropriate and efficient solutions. It can also ensure that activities are coordinated with each other and with other goals and activities, preventing conflicts and reducing the costs of implementing each individual activity.This plan provides a framework for all interested parties to work together toward mitigation. It establishes the vision and guiding principles for reducing hazard risk and proposes specific mitigation actions to eliminate or reduce identified vulnerabilities. In an effort to reduce the nation's mounting natural disaster losses,the U.S. Congress passed the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000) to invoke new and revitalized approaches to mitigation planning. Section 322 of DMA 2000 emphasizes the need for state and local government entities to closely coordinate on mitigation planning activities and makes the development of a hazard mitigation plan a specific eligibility requirement for any local government applying for federal mitigation grant funds. These funds include the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP), the Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities (BRIC) program (formerly the Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM) program), and the Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) Program, all of which are administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA)under the Department of Homeland Security. Communities with an adopted and federally approved hazard mitigation plan thereby become pre-positioned and more apt to receive available mitigation funds before and after the next disaster strikes. M.ortaoeC::t uut ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1062 SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION This plan was prepared in coordination with FEMA Region IV and the Florida Division of Emergency Management (FDEM) to ensure that it meets all applicable federal and state planning requirements. A Local Mitigation Plan Review Tool,found in Appendix A,provides a summary of FEMA and FDEM's current minimum standards of acceptability and notes the location within this plan where each planning requirement is met. uu uui »l>u ui ui uiuui uuiui uiuu uuu iiuuuu uui iii uuiiuuui �����»uuiuiiiuuii ui ui uuiii iuuuu ui uuuuuuiui«<U II vl l l I� I l I I I � l I I 1 � IIIII �k k III u u muuuului uuuuu���������������������������mi�llll�l�uuuioil�uulllluiuullll�llll�uuuuo��uuuio�uuuuii�lluuillllullllluillluuuuuuuuu����uiillllmullluuuuio�l����uuuullllluu�luuuuuo�lluulllluiuuliui��������uu�lllllllllllllllllll������������������� The Board of County Commissioners directed the Monroe County Emergency Management Department to coordinate and facilitate the development of the LMS,and subsequent 5-year updates,in conformance with state and federal guidelines.This plan was developed in a joint and cooperative manner by members of a Local Mitigation Strategy Working Group(LMSWG)which included representatives of County and City departments, federal and state agencies, citizens, and other stakeholders. This plan will ensure all jurisdictions in Monroe County remain eligible for federal disaster assistance including the FEMA HMGP, BRIC, and FMA programs. This plan has been prepared in compliance with Section 322 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Stafford Act or the Act), 42 U.S.C. 5165, enacted under Section 104 of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, (DMA 2000) Public Law 106-390 of October 30, 2000, as implemented at CFR 201.6 and 201.7 dated October 2007.Additionally,this plan meets the requirements set forth by the Florida Administrative Code Chapter 2713-22. This plan will be adopted by each participating jurisdiction in accordance with standard local procedures. Copies of adoption resolutions are provided in Section 9 Plan Adoption. uu uui iiuu uuu uuu iiiiiii uiuiiii i uu I i IIIII II l V „ a , muuuu lui uuuu�llllllllllllllllllllll�uuuu�luuuui�luuuuo��uu�llll�uuuuullllllllllllllllllllll This document comprises a Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy for Monroe County.The planning area includes all incorporated municipalities and unincorporated areas in the region. All participating jurisdictions, along with additional local entities, are listed in Table 1.1. Table . —Participating Jurisdictions in the MonroeCounty Local Mitigation Strategy Monroe County City of Key Colony Beach City of Key West City of Layton City of Marathon Islamorada Village of Islands Local Entities Participating in LMS Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority(FKAA) Florida Keys Electric Cooperative(FKEC) KEYS Energy Services The focus of this plan is on those hazards deemed "high" or"moderate" priority hazards for the planning area, as determined through the risk and vulnerability assessments. Lower priority hazards will continue to be evaluated but will not necessarily be prioritized for mitigation in the action plan. Monroe County followed the planning process prescribed by the FEMA, and this plan was developed under the guidance of an LMSWG comprised of representatives of County,and City departments;citizens; and other stakeholders. The LMSWG conducted a risk assessment that identified and profiled hazards that pose a risk to the planning area, assessed the planning area's vulnerability to these hazards, and examined each participating jurisdiction's capabilities in place to mitigate them. The hazards profiled in this plan include: M.ortaoeCottiuui" ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1063 SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION Natural Hazards: • Flood • Tropical Cyclones • Severe Storms(Thunderstorm Wind, Lightning, Hail) • Tornadoes and Waterspouts • Wildfire • Coastal Erosion • Drought • Extreme Heat • Sea Level Rise and Other Climate Change Characteristics � Technological/Human-Caused Hazards: • Radiological Incident • Cyber Attack uuuui uuuui iuuiu uuu uuuu uuuui uu uu iiuu uuuui iiiiii I I I V tI I II Iuuuuu�uiIIIllliuiVll uu�luiuuuuu�iui��uuuuii�ui�luiuuuuu�iui�lluuilmuuio�uuuuuiluuuu�lllllllll The following FEMA guides and reference documents were used to prepare this document: FEMA 386-1: Getting Started.September 2002. FEMA 386-2: Understanding Your Risks: Identifying Hazards and Estimating Losses.August 2001. FEMA 386-3: Developing the Mitigation Plan.April 2003. FEMA 386-4: Bringing the Plan to Life.August 2003. FEMA 386-5: Using Benefit-Cost Review in Mitigation Planning. May 2007. FEMA 386-6: Integrating Historic Property and Cultural Resource Considerations into Hazard Mitigation Planning. May 2005. FEMA 386-7: Integrating Manmade Hazards into Mitigation Planning.September 2003. FEMA 386-8: Multijurisdictional Mitigation Planning.August 2006. FEMA 386-9:Using the Hazard Mitigation Plan to Prepare Successful Mitigation Projects.August 2008. FEMA. Local Mitigation Planning Handbook. March 2013. FEMA. Local Mitigation Plan Review Guide.October 1,2011. FEMA National Fire Incident Reporting System 5.0: Complete Reference Guide.January,2008. FEMA Hazard Mitigation Assistance Unified Guidance.June 1, 2010. FEMA. Integrating Hazard Mitigation into Local Planning: Case Studies and Tools for Community Officials. March 1,2013. FEMA. Mitigation Ideas.A Resource for Reducing Risk to Natural Hazards.January 2013. Additional sources used in the development of this plan, including data compiled for the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment, are listed in Appendix D. uui uuuuii ��������»> uui ui iui iuuui uuuui uuuu uiu iii iiiiiiiiuuiuiui uui uiuiiuiiiiuu uuiui uu iui I to 1 I I l I l I I l I I � k � k u � u muuuului uuuui�������������������������uiVllli�uuuuiiu�IImIIVui�llluu�lll I�uuuuo��uu�IluilVl�uuuuiolui�llullliuidllluuillui uuuuuuui�lllliui�uu IuuuuuoV�uidllluuill The Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy is organized into the following sections: Section 2: Planning Process Section 3: Planning Area Profile Section 4: Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment Section 5: Capability Assessment Section 6: Mitigation Strategy Section 7: Mitigation Action Plan Section 8: Plan Maintenance Section 9: Plan Adoption M.ortaoe Couuut ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1064 SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION Appendix A: Local Plan Review Tool Appendix B: Planning Process Documentation Appendix C: Mitigation Alternatives Appendix D: Mitigation Prioritization Process Appendix E: References U I I u uuiu uu uuuuiuiu«<��uooiiiiiuiuuuiuuuui«« �»>uuii ��«»i iuiiiuuui iiiii a�������»»> uuu iiii iiiiuu���titititi iiu uuii iu I u uuuuu111111110111111 �uimuuo�� uu�lmu�uuuuu'�I��uui��������uuiuuuiu�uu�lluull�dlluui�uu�muui���uu�lllluudllluuuuuuuuu����uuillulmuuui�uu�lluullluuuuuo�iui�llluui����uu�llllui�lluui�uu�miou������������ 1.6.1 Key Terms The following common terms are used in the Local Mitigation Strategy: Disaster means the occurrence of widespread or severe damage, injury, loss of life or property, or such severe economic or social disruption that supplemental disaster relief assistance is necessary for the affected political jurisdiction(s) to recover and alleviate the damage, loss, hardship, or suffering caused thereby. Flood Hazard Area or Floodplain is the area adjoining a river,stream,shoreline,or other body of water that is subject to partial or complete inundation.The area predicted to flood during the 1% annual chance flood, sometimes referred to as the "100-year"flood. Hazard is defined as the natural or technological phenomenon, event, or physical condition that has the potential to cause property damage, infrastructure damage, other physical losses, and injuries and fatalities. Mitigation is defined as actions taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to life and property from hazards. Mitigation actions are intended to reduce the need for emergency response —as opposed to improving the ability to respond. National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), located within the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), is charged with preparing Flood Insurance Rate Maps, developing regulations to guide development, and providing insurance for flood damage. Risk is defined as the potential losses associated with a hazard. Ideally, risk is defined in terms of expected probability and frequency of the hazard occurring, people and property exposed, and potential consequences. 1.6.2 Acronyms The following acronyms are used in the Local Mitigation Strategy: BOCC—Board of County Commissioners HMGP—Hazard Mitigation Grant BRIC—Building Resilient Infrastructure Program (FEMA) and Communities grant program LMS—Local Mitigation Strategy CRS—Community Rating System LMSWG—Local Mitigation Strategy FBC—Florida Building Code Working Group FDEM—Florida Division of Emergency NFIP—National Flood Insurance Management Program (FEMA) FEMA—U.S. Department of Homeland NROGO—Non-Residential Rate of Security, Federal Emergency Growth Ordinance Allocation System Management Agency ROGO—Rate of Growth Ordinance FIRM—Flood Insurance Rate Map RLAA—Repetitive Loss Area Analysis FMA—Flood Mitigation Assistance SRL—Severe Repetitive Loss (FEMA) SFHA—Special Flood Hazard Area GIS—Geographic Information System M.ortaoeC::t uut ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1065 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS Requirement §201.6(b): An open public involvement process is essential to the development of an effective plan. To develop a more comprehensive approach to reducing the effects of natural disasters, the planning process shall include: 1)An opportunity for the public to comment on the plan during the drafting stage and prior to plan approval; 2) An opportunity for neighboring communities, local and regional agencies involved in hazard mitigation activities, and agencies that have the authority to regulate development, as well as businesses, academia, and other private and nonprofit interests to be involved in the planning process;and 3) Review and incorporation,if appropriate,of existing plans,studies, reports,and technical information. Requirement§201.6(c)(1):The plan shall include the following: 1) Documentation of the planning process used to develop the plan, including how it was prepared, who was involved in the process,and how the public was involved. This section provides a review of the planning process followed for the development of the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy. It consists of the following sub-sections: 2.1 Purpose 2.2 What's Changed in the Plan 2.3 Preparing the Plan 2.4 Local Mitigation Strategy Working Group 2.5 Meetings and Workshops 2.6 Involving the Public 2.7 Outreach Efforts 2.8 Involving the Stakeholders 2.9 Documentation of Plan Progress uuui ui uuui iiii uuiuiuui iuuiui uuuui uuu uiiuuu Ulu ull � U l 1. l I I� a ,„ �II�IIIIIIIII�IIIIIIIII �111111111111011111011111111101111 VVIIIIo�VVIIIo VVVVII�lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll Hazards are a natural part of our environment that will inevitably continue to occur, but there is much we can do to minimize their impacts on our communities and prevent them from resulting in disasters. Every community faces different hazards, has different resources available to combat problems, and has different interests that influence the solutions to those problems. Because there are many ways to deal with hazards and many agencies that can help,there is no one solution for managing or mitigating their effects. Planning is one of the best ways to develop a customized program that will mitigate the impacts of hazards while taking into account the unique character of a community. As defined by FEMA, "hazard mitigation" means any sustained action taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to life and property from a hazard event. Hazard mitigation planning is the process through which hazards are identified, likely impacts determined, mitigation goals set, and appropriate mitigation strategies determined, prioritized, and implemented. The purpose of the Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy is to identify,assess,and mitigate hazard risk to better protect the people and property within Monroe County from the effects of natural and human-caused hazards. This plan documents progress on existing local mitigation strategy efforts, updates the previous plan to reflect current conditions in the planning area including relevant hazards and vulnerabilities, increases public education and awareness about the plan and planning process, maintains grant eligibility for participating jurisdictions, maintains compliance with state and federal requirements for local hazard mitigation plans, and identifies and outlines strategies the County and participating jurisdictions will use to decrease vulnerability and increase resiliency. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1066 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS A well-prepared local mitigation strategy will ensure that all possible activities are reviewed and implemented so that the problem is addressed by the most appropriate and efficient solutions. It can also ensure that activities are coordinated with each other and with other goals and activities, preventing conflicts and reducing the costs of implementing each individual activity.This plan provides a framework for all interested parties to work together toward mitigation. It establishes the vision and guiding principles for reducing hazard risk and proposes specific mitigation actions to eliminate or reduce identified vulnerabilities. uuii it »>iiu iiiuu uu uo uuuiuiiii ouu ioio uu ui ou iii iui olio iiiiiiiiii iiuuui ui ui oo uoouuuui ui ioiouu ouui iiu oo iii iiii II I 1 I I I I I IIIII IIIII IIIII I I IW This plan presents a complete update to the 2015 Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy.All jurisdictions that participated in the 2015 LMS were also involved in this update.The previous plan was approved by FEMA in November 2015. For this update, the 2015 plan was used as a base for incorporation of new data and an updated planning process.The following requirements were addressed during the development of this new LMS update: Consider changes in vulnerability due to action implementation; Document success stories where mitigation efforts have proven effective; Document areas where mitigation actions were not effective; Document any new hazards that may arise or were previously overlooked; Incorporate new data or studies on hazards and risks; Incorporate new capabilities or changes in capabilities; Incorporate growth and development-related changes to inventories; and Incorporate new action recommendations or changes in action prioritization. This local mitigation strategy update involved a comprehensive review and update of each section of the existing plan and an assessment of the success of the County and participating municipalities in evaluating, monitoring and implementing the mitigation strategy outlined in their existing plan. Only the information and data still valid from the existing plan was carried forward as applicable into this update. Changes by section are summarized as follows: Section 1 provides and introduction to the Local Mitigation Strategy and remains largely unchanged from the previous update. Section 2 has been updated to reflect the 2020 planning process,which was previously included in Chapter 3 of the 2015 Monroe County LMS. The section expands on the planning process by describing the combined CRS and DMA compliant planning process the consultants used to facilitate the LMSWG through this LMS update. Enhanced public outreach and agency coordination efforts were conducted throughout the plan update process in order to meet the more rigorous requirements of the 2017 CRS Coordinator's Manual, in addition to DMA requirements. Detailed documentation of the planning process is compiled separately in Appendix B. This section also presents data on mitigation actions from the 2015 strategy that were completed or deleted as a way to report on implementation progress of the 2015 update and separate these removed actions from those that the county and participating jurisdictions will be pursuing moving forward. Section 3, planning area profile, was previously included in Chapter 2 of the 2015 LMS. This section was updated to reflect the most up-to-date population,demographic,economic,and housing statistics.Details on land use and growth trends were updated to reflect recent changes in county-wide growth management strategies. Details on the Florida Building Code were moved to Section 5. Details on the number and value of buildings and structures as well as critical facilities are encompassed in the asset inventory in Section 4. M.ortiroe Cot rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1067 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS Section 4 combines Chapters 5 and 6 from the 2015 LMS Update in order to consolidate all risk and vulnerability data for each hazard into a single, comprehensive plan section. Section 4 provides a comparison of the hazards addressed in the 2018 State of Florida Hazard Mitigation Plan and the 2015 Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy and provides the final decision made by the HMPC as to which hazards should be included in the updated 2020 Local Mitigation Strategy. Updated data has been incorporated into each hazard profile. New vulnerability analyses were performed based on updated parcel data and population estimates. Where still relevant, data from the 2015 LMS was carried forward and incorporated into this section. In addition to the specific changes in hazard analyses identified in Section 4,the following items were also addressed in this 2020 plan update: GIS was used,to the extent data allowed,to analyze the priority hazards as part of the vulnerability assessment. Assets at risk to identified hazards were identified by property type and values of properties based on 2020 parcel data provided by Monroe County. A discussion on climate change and its projected effect on specific hazards was included in each hazard profile in the risk assessment. Section 5 is a new section,which presents a summary of the capability assessments, conducted to gauge each jurisdiction's existing abilities and resources to implement mitigation activities. Capability assessments were previously included in each jurisdiction's community chapter. Section 6 presents the mitigation strategy.This section presents the mitigation goals,which were included in Chapter 4 of the previous LMS. The goals have been updated to address the community's goals; associated objectives were also developed to allow for more detail and specificity. This section also discusses the categories of mitigation alternatives considered and the process used to prioritize mitigation actions. For the purpose of the LMS update,this process differs from the community's HMA prioritization process,which is now detailed in Appendix D. Section 7 presents the Mitigation Action Plan, which was previously found in Chapter 13 "Mitigation Initiatives."Here,initiatives have been combined into one comprehensive table summarizing all initiatives included in the LMS update. All mitigation actions have been grouped based on the mitigation category they fall within. Existing mitigation actions, including those from the County's HMA list, have been updated with a current status and new mitigation actions have been identified. Section 8 outlines the process for distribution, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of the plan. This information was in Chapter 14 in the 2015 Monroe County LMS. Section 9 contains all applicable documentation of plan adoption from all participating communities. The plan annexes replace Chapters 7 through 12 of the prior Local Mitigation Strategy. Detailed information about each community's population and demographics,unique risks to each community from spatially defined hazards, details on community capability, and the specific initiative from the Mitigation Action Plan applicable by community are contained within each jurisdiction's individual annex. uuui lulu iiiuu uuuui uuiuui uuuu iiu uuuu uu uu uu uuuii uiiiiuuuiiui uu uuuuu uuui uu uiii ui iiii i II 1 l W I � k uuuuui�u��uiiiui�����������������������Vu�IIIl�uidlluuuuuui��uidlll���IlVui�Ihu�dlui�u�IlVuuilluuuuioi hui����uidllllui Iuuuuiilll����uu�Illl�uuuuuulll�iuu�llluu�������� The planning process for preparing the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy was based on DMA planning requirements and FEMA's associated guidance. This guidance is structured around a four-phase process: 1) Planning Process; 2) Risk Assessment; M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1068 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS 3) Mitigation Strategy; and 4) Plan Maintenance. Into this process, the planning consultant integrated a more detailed 10-step planning process used for FEMA's CRS and FMA programs. Thus, the modified 10-step process used for this plan meets the requirements of six major programs: FEMA's HMGP; BRIC (formerly the Post-Disaster Mitigation grant program);CRS; FMA;and SRL Programs;and new flood control projects authorized by the U.S.Army Corps of Engineers. Table 2.1 shows how the 10-step CRS planning process aligns with the four phases of hazard mitigation planning pursuant to DMA 2000. Table . —Mitigation Planning - to Process Reference Table DMA Process CRS Process Phase I—Planning Process §201.6(c)(1) Step 1. Organize to Prepare the Plan §201.6(b)(1) Step 2. Involve the Public §201.6(b)(2)&(3) Step 3. Coordinate Phase II—Risk Assessment §201.6(c)(2)(i) Step 4. Assess the Hazard §201.6(c)(2)(ii)&(iii) Step 5. Assess the Problem Phase III—Mitigation Strategy §201.6(c)(3)(i) Step 6. Set Goals §201.6(c)(3)(ii) Step 7. Review Possible Activities §201.6(c)(3)(iii) Step 8. Draft an Action Plan Phase IV—Plan Maintenance §201.6(c)(5) Step 9. Adopt the Plan §201.6(c)(4) Step 10. Implement, Evaluate and Revise the Plan The process followed for the preparation of this plan,as outlined in Table 2.1 above, is as follows: 2.3.1 Phase I —Planning Process Planning Step 1: Organize to Prepare the Plan With the County's commitment to participate in the DMA planning process, community officials worked to establish the framework and organization for development of the plan.An initial meeting was held with key community representatives to discuss the organizational aspects of the plan development process. The effort to reorganize and coordinate for the plan update was led by Monroe County Emergency Management's Senior Planner. Consultants from Wood Environment and Infrastructure Solutions, Inc. assisted by leading the County through the planning process and preparing the plan document. Planning Step 2: Involve the Public Public involvement in the development of the plan was sought using various methods, as detailed in Section 2.6. Planning Step 3: Coordinate The LMSWG formed for development of the 2015 Plan was reconvened for this plan update. More details on the LMSWG are provided in Section 2.4.Stakeholder coordination was incorporated into the formation of the HMPC and was sought through additional outreach methods. Coordination with Other Community Planning Efforts and Hazard Mitigation Activities In addition to stakeholder involvement, coordination with other community planning efforts was also seen as paramount to the success of this plan. Mitigation planning involves identifying existing policies, Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1069 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS tools, and actions that will reduce a community's risk and vulnerability to hazards. Monroe County and participating jurisdictions use a variety of planning mechanisms,such as Comprehensive Plans,subdivision regulations, building codes, and ordinances to guide growth and development. Integrating existing planning efforts, mitigation policies, and action strategies into this plan establishes a credible and comprehensive plan that ties into and supports other community programs. As detailed in Table 2.2,the development of this plan incorporated information from existing plans,studies, reports, and initiatives as well as other relevant data from neighboring communities and other jurisdictions. These and other documents were reviewed and considered, as appropriate, during the collection of data to support the planning process and plan development, including the hazard identification,vulnerability assessment, and capability assessment. Data from these sources was incorporated into the risk assessment and hazard vulnerability sections of the plan as appropriate. The data was also used in determining the capability of each jurisdiction to implement certain mitigation strategies.The Capability Assessment can be found in Section 5. Table —Summary of ExistingStudies tReviewed Resource Referenced Use in this Plan The Monroe County Comprehensive Plan,and similar plans for the participating jurisdictions,were referenced in the Planning Local Comprehensive Plans Area Profile in Section 3.Comprehensive plans were also incorporated into Mitigation Action Plans where applicable in Section 7 and referenced in the Capability Assessment in Section 5. Local Ordinances(Flood Damage Prevention Local ordinances were referenced in the Capability Assessment Ordinances,Subdivision Ordinances,Zoning in Section 5 and where applicable for updates or enforcement Ordinances,etc) in Mitigation Action Plans in Section 7. Southeast Florida Regional Compact Unified The Unified Sea Level Rise projections were used as part of the Sea Level Rise Projections sea level rise/climate change profile in Section 4 to standardize projections across the broader region. Monroe County and Incorporated Areas The FIS report was referenced in the preparation of flood Flood Insurance Study(FIS), Revised 02/18/2005 hazard profile in Section 4. Monroe County Florida Comprehensive The CEMP was referenced in the preparation of the wildfire Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) hazard profile in Section 4 and in the Capability Assessment in 04/2017 Section 5. Florida Department of Environmental Protection Critically Eroded Beaches Report These two plans were referenced in the preparation of the (2019)and Strategic Beach Management coastal erosion hazard profile in Section 4. Plan: Florida Keys Region The previous strategy was referenced in compiling the Planning Monroe County and Incorporated Area Profile in Section 3,the Hazard Identification and Risk Municipalities Local Mitigation Strategy,2015 Assessment in Section 4,and in reporting on implementation Update status and developing the Mitigation Action Plans in Section 2 and Section 7, respectively. Florida Enhanced State Hazard Mitigation The Florida State Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP)was used to Plan,2018 Update assess which hazards should be included or excluded from the 2020 LMS update. 2.3.2 Phase II—Risk Assessment Planning Steps 4 and 5: Identify/Assess the Hazard and Assess the Problem The LMSWG completed a comprehensive effort to identify, document, and profile all hazards that have, or could have, an impact on the planning area. Geographic information systems (GIS) were used to Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1070 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS display,analyze, and quantify hazards and vulnerabilities. A draft of the risk and vulnerability assessment was made available on the plan website for the LMSWG, stakeholders, and the public to review and comment. The LMSWG also provided necessary information for the consultants to conduct a capability assessment to review and document the planning area's current capabilities to mitigate risk from and vulnerability to hazards. By collecting information about existing government programs,policies,regulations,ordinances, and emergency plans, the LMSWG could assess those activities and measures already in place that contribute to mitigating some of the risks and vulnerabilities identified. A more detailed description of the risk assessment process and the results are included in Section 4 Risk Assessment. 2.3.3 Phase III —Mitigation Strategy Planning Steps 6 and 7: Set Goals and Review Possible Activities Wood facilitated brainstorming and discussion sessions with the LMSWG that described the purpose and process of setting planning goals and objectives, developing a comprehensive range of mitigation alternatives, and a method of selecting and defending recommended mitigation actions using a series of selection criteria.This information is included in Section 6 Mitigation Strategy. Planning Step 8: Draft an Action Plan A complete first draft of the plan was prepared based on input from the LMSWG regarding the draft risk assessment and the goals and activities identified in Planning Steps 6 and 7. This draft was shared for LMSWG, stakeholder, and public review and comment via the plan website. Comments were received from LMSWG members and stakeholders, primarily regarding information in Section 4, and were integrated into the final draft for FDEM and FEMA Region IV to review and approve,contingent upon final adoption by the County and the participating jurisdictions. 2.3.4 Phase IV—Plan Maintenance Planning Step 9: Adopt the Plan To secure buy-in and officially implement the plan, the plan will be reviewed and adopted by all participating jurisdictions. Resolutions will be provided in Section 9. Planning Step 10: Implement, Evaluate and Revise the Plan Implementation and maintenance of the plan is critical to the overall success of hazard mitigation planning. Up to this point in the planning process,the LMSWG's efforts have been directed at researching data, coordinating input from participating entities, and developing appropriate mitigation actions. Section 8 Plan Maintenance provides an overview of the overall strategy for plan implementation and maintenance and outlines the method and schedule for monitoring, updating, and evaluating the plan. The Section also discusses incorporating the plan into existing planning mechanisms and how to address continued public involvement. uuii ����s uu uiuu uio tititi»«< iui uu iuiiiiiuiuui ui uo iiii iiuuiuiiiiuu uuo iii iui ioiu uuuuuu uuuu uu uuuuuuiuuuuu ooi iiii���`u��ii iii lulu iiiiiiiii ui a iii iii iui olio iuou uuuu uiuu uu ioi uuoi i � o �ti ii i iui iiii u u �u � . oil iiui i iu lulu o iii ul I u u u u I I i I I i II o lI t� i I 1 I II I I I l l � I l I I ,j u u u u qq uuuiui�u�lll�llui���������� luuuuiluuuuuo� 1111Jlui luuuuu�uilll�ui�lllui�lui lluuuuo�lui�llluu �uuuu�l�ui�11111lhui�u llli ui����uuuuu�lluuuuu����luiilllllllll��luu uui luuuuuo�lluidlllui udlluu u��lui�llluu�ll�uuuuu�������lluuuuioi lui�lhu�uuuuo��l�uuuioi��uidlll����������������������������� As with the previous plan, this Hazard Mitigation Plan was developed under the guidance of a Local Mitigation Strategy Working Group (LMSWG). The Working Group's representatives included representatives of County and City departments; local, regional and state agencies; citizens, and other stakeholders. To reconvene the planning committee,a letter was sent via email to all County and City LMSWG contacts from the previous planning effort. Communities were asked to identify local stakeholder representatives to participate on the LMSWG alongside the County and City officials in order to improve the integration M.orti,ve Cot rtty,i .o lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1071 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS of stakeholder input into the plan. Table 2.3 details the LMSWG members and the agencies and jurisdictions they represented. The formal LMSWG meetings followed the 10 CRS Planning Steps. Agendas, minutes, and sign-in sheets for the HMPC meetings are included in Appendix B. The meeting dates and topics discussed are summarized in Section 2.5 Meetings and Workshops.All LMSWG meetings were open to the public. The DMA planning regulations and guidance stress that each local government seeking FEMA approval of their mitigation plan must participate in the planning effort in the following ways: • Participate in the process as part of the LMSWG; • Detail where within the planning area the risk differs from that facing the entire area; • Identify potential mitigation actions; and • Formally adopt the plan. For the Monroe County LMSWG, "participation" meant the following: Attending and participating in the LMSWG meetings; Collecting and providing requested data (as available); Managing administrative details; Making decisions on plan process and content; Identifying mitigation actions for the plan; Reviewing and providing comments on plan drafts; Informing the public, local officials, and other interested parties about the planning process and providing opportunity for them to comment on the plan; Coordinating, and participating in the public input process; and Coordinating the formal adoption of the plan by local governing bodies. Detailed summaries of LMSWG meetings are provided under Meetings and Workshops,including meeting dates, locations,and topics discussed. During the planning process,the LMSWG members communicated through virtual meetings, due to limitations caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, email, and telephone conversations. This continued communication ensured that coordination was ongoing throughout the entire planning process despite the fact that not all LMSWG members could be present at every meeting. Additionally, draft documents were distributed via the plan website so that the LMSWG members could easily access and review them and provide comments. Table —LMSWG Members Jurisdiction Member Name Title/Department/Agency Islamorada Andrew Engelmeyer Director, Department of Public Works Islamorada Terry Abel Fire Chief, Islamorada Fire Rescue Key Colony Beach Christopher Moonis City Administrator, Key Colony Beach Key Colony Beach Kris DiGiovanni Chief of Police, Key Colony Police Department Key Colony Beach Gerard Rouisin Building Official, Building&Planning Department Key West Alison Higgins Sustainability Coordinator, Engineering Department Key West Carolyn Sheldon Senior Grants Administrator,Grant Services/City Manager Key West Elizabeth Ignoffo Contract&Permit Engineer, Utilities Department Key West John Castro Director, Utilities Department Key West Scott Fraser FEMA Coordinator, Building Department Key West Steven McAlearney Director, Engineering Department Layton Mimi Young City Clerk&Administrative Assistant, Building Department Layton Skip Haring Planning Director,Administrative Assistant to Mayor Marathon George Garrett Director, Planning Department Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1072 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS Jurisdiction Member Name Title/Department/Agency Marathon John Johnson Fire and Rescue Chief, Marathon Fire Rescue Monroe County Karl Bursa Senior Floodplain Administrator, Building Department Monroe County Judith Clarke Director, Engineering Department Monroe County Sheryl Graham Senior Director,Social Services Monroe County Susan Grant Building Inspector/Plans Examiner, Building Department Monroe County Christine Hurley Assistant County Administrator,County Administration Monroe County Kevin Wilson Assistant County Administrator,County Administration Monroe County Lori Lehr Community Rating Systems Consultant,Planning and Environmental Resources Monroe County Lisa Tennyson Grants Acquisition Director, Legislative Affairs Monroe County Jeff Manning Senior Planner, Emergency Management Monroe County Maria Slavik Risk Management Administrator, Risk Management Monroe County Charles Pattison Executive Director, Monroe County Land Authority Monroe County Helene Weatherington Director, Disaster Recovery Monroe County Kevin Wilson Assistant County Administrator,County Administration Monroe County Mary Wingate Chief of Floodplain Regulatory Operations, Building Department Monroe County Shannon Weiner Director, Emergency Management Monroe County Carol Schreck Executive Assistant,County Commissioner(District 3) External Stakeholders -- Willie Bouie Region 7 Emergency Management Coordinator, FDEM -- Susan Magner Director of Construction Management, Baptist Health Key West Caroline Horn Manager, Fair Insurance Rates in Monroe(FIRM) Monroe County Robert Eadie Administrator and Health Officer, Florida Department of Health, Monroe Monroe County Cyna Wright Public Health&Medical Preparedness, Florida Department of Health, Monroe -- Emilie Oglesby Disaster Recovery External Affairs Director, Florida Department of Economic Opportunity -- Scott Petrich Wildfire Mitigation Specialist—Everglades District, Florida Department of Agriculture&Consumer Services Key West Jolynn Reynolds Utilities Division,Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority(FKAA) Key West Cheryl Sargent Benefits and Risk manager, FKAA Key West David Ritz Secretary/Treasurer, District 5, FKAA Board of Directors Key West Julie Cheon Directory of Legislative Affairs, FKAA Key West Manuel Castillo,Jr. Safety,Security,&Training Manager, FKAA Key West David Hackworth Principal Engineer,FKAA Monroe County Ray Rhash Rate and Budget Analyst, Florida Keys Electric Cooperative Monroe County Scott Newberry Chief Executive Officer, Florida Keys Electric Cooperative Key West Joe Moody Director, Florida Keys Office, K2M Design Key West Dan Sabino Director of Engineering, KEYS Energy Services Key West Irina Baker Staff Assistant to Finance Department,KEYS Energy Services Key West Diana Flenard Executive Director, Monroe Association for ReMARCable Citizens Monroe County Jeff Barrow Director of Maintenance, Monroe County School District Monroe County Dr. Lesley Thompson Director of Student Services, Monroe County School District Monroe County Patrick Lefere Executive Director of Operations and Planning, Monroe County School District M.ortiroe Couiuul"T,110 tda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS Jurisdiction Member Name Title/Department/Agency Monroe County Director, Monroe County Sherriff's Office Emergency Laura White Communications Division Monroe County Tamara Snider Executive Assistant, Monroe County Sherriffs Office Administration Bureau -- Jonathan Rizzo Warning Coordination Meteorologist, NOAA/National Weather Service -- Chris Bergh South Florida Program Manager,The Nature Conservancy -- Ian Ohlin Planner, Mitigation Bureau, FDEM -- Laura Waterman Mitigation Planning Unit Manager, Mitigation Bureau,FDEM Islamorada Barbara Edgar Realtor -- Jesse Scott Citizen Stakeholder -- Kristen Livengood Citizen Stakeholder -- Norman Wortman Citizen Stakeholder -- Keith Douglass Citizen Stakeholder uuu uuiui ���� »»uuiuiii uiouuuuluulu ui ui uu olio liiiii ««I�i luiliuuul uu liu ul luau uuuul ul a liiiii liii ul uiuu uuui oiiii I I I I I I lu 1 1 1 0 11 Ilulll I IIII I V i � I III iI A I U 1 tI uIl I I P I I , IIIII u u The preparation of this plan required a series of meetings and workshops for facilitating discussion, gaining consensus, and initiating data collection efforts with local government staff, community officials, and other identified stakeholders. More importantly,the meetings and workshops prompted continuous input and feedback from relevant participants throughout the drafting stages of the plan. Table 2.4 summarizes the key meetings and workshops held by the LMSWG during the development of the plan. In many cases,routine discussions and additional meetings were held by local staff to accomplish planning tasks specific to their department or agency. For example,seeking approval of specific mitigation actions for their department or agency to undertake and include in their Mitigation Action Strategy.These meetings were informal and are not documented here. More details on each meeting, including minutes and attendance sheets for the LMSWG meetings are included in Appendix B.All LMSWG meetings were open to the public; public meetings are summarized in subsection 2.6. Table —Summary of LMSWG Meetings Meeting Title Meeting Topic Meeting Date Meeting Location 1) Introduction to DMA,CRS,and FMA requirements and the planning process LMSWG Mtg.#1 June 16,2020 Zoom Video —Project Kick-Off 2) Review of LMSWG responsibilities and the 2 p.m. Conference Call project schedule. 3) Discuss local capability 1) Review Draft Hazard Identification&Risk September 2,2020 Zoom Video LMSWG Mtg.#2 Assessment(HIRA) 2 p.m. Conference Call 2) Review and update plan goals and objectives LMSWG Mtg.#3 1) Report on status of actions from the 2015 plan November 10,2020 Zoom Video 2) Draft Mitigation Action Strategies 1 P.M. Conference Call LMSWG Mtg.#4 1) Review the Draft Hazard Mitigation Plan November 23,2020 Zoom Video 2) Solicit comments and feedback 3 p.m. Conference Call Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1074 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS 2.5.1 Annual LMSWG Meetings The LMSWG meets at least annually as required by state regulations(27P-22, F.A.C)to discuss changes to the LMS, new actions, and status of actions. Table 2.5 summarizes the LMSWG meetings that have occurred since the 2015 LMS Update. Detailed documentation is included in Appendix B. Table 2.5—LIVISWG Annual Meetings(2015-2019) Meeting Year Meeting Objective Meeting Date(s) Meeting Location 2015 2015 Update of Local Mitigation Strategy(LMS) January 22,2015 Monroe County— Marathon 2016 2016 Update LMS&Mitigation Funding Sources November 30,2016 Monroe County— Marathon 2017 2017 LMS Updates, Hazard Mitigation,&Mitigation October 19,2017 Monroe County— Activities Marathon Following Hurricane Irma in 2017, LMSWG made significant efforts to identify appropriate mitigation January 1,2018; Monroe County- 2018 activities.A revised initiative list was completed in May 29,2018;and Marathon May 2018 to include projects submitted to the HMGP October 23,2018 program under Hurricane Irma(FEMA-4337-DR-L) 2019 Beginning 5-year revision process November 25,2019 Monroe County— Marathon uuii uiuii uu ui uuuu lu uuili uu uii iuui ui o0 olio liiiiiiiiiuuu uuuuuuu uuui ui uuliiuui of lii uii�I I o IIlu1 IIIIII U11 u I U I I 11 1 PI A II IIIII W l I ( � n u An important component of any mitigation planning process is public participation. Individual citizen and community-based input provides the entire planning team with a greater understanding of local concerns and increases the likelihood of successfully implementing mitigation actions by developing community "buy-in"from those directly affected by the decisions of public officials.As citizens become more involved in decisions that affect their safety, they are more likely to gain a greater appreciation of the hazards present in their community and take the steps necessary to reduce their impact. Public awareness is a key component of any community's overall mitigation strategy aimed at making a home, neighborhood, school, business,or entire planning area safer from the potential effects of hazards. Public involvement in the development of the plan was sought using various methods including open public meetings, an interactive plan website, a public participation survey, and by making copies of draft plan documents available for public review online and at government offices. All public meetings were advertised on the plan website and on local community websites, where possible. Copies of meeting announcements are provided in Appendix B.The public meetings held during the planning process are summarized in Table 2.6. Table —Summary of Public Meetings Meeting Title Meeting Topic Meeting Date Meeting Location 1) Introduction to DMA,CRS,and FMA Public requirements and the planning process July 7,2020 Zoom Video Meeting#1 2) Review of HMPC responsibilities and the 5 p.m. Conference Call project schedule. Public 1) Review"Draft" Hazard Mitigation Plan November 23,2020 Zoom Video Meeting#2 2) Solicit comments and feedback 5 p.m. Conference Call Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1075 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS J uuii uuuuiii iiuiii uu uiiuuuuuiuuuuu uuiiiui ilia ««����of uuuiui uuuui uuuu iuuii uuuui uuuuuu uiiii I i� l II `� i illUlll UI I I S UI I I I i l (1111 , uuuuu��uu� �������������������������lUuuuuo��lUuuuuo�iii�u��iii u�dlllu�uuuu��u�lUlluuuu��u�dllllu���������uuu�u�iu��llll�u�dlllllllUuuu�o��uu�lluu�llruu�ii�uuu�o��������������������������� The LMSWG agreed to employ a variety of public outreach methods including established public information mechanisms and resources within the community. The table below details public outreach efforts employed during the preparation of this plan. Table . —Public Outreach Location Date Event/Message Plan website Ongoing Meeting announcements, meeting materials, and description of hazards; contact information provided to request additional information and/or provide comments Local community websites June/July 2020 Public Meeting#1 announcements posted with summary of the plan purpose and process Local community websites June 2020 Link to the plan website shared to expand reach Public survey June 2020— Survey hosted online and made available via shareable link October 2020 Plan website-HIRA draft Sept.2020 Draft HIRA made available for review and comment online Plan website-Draft Plan Nov.2020 Full draft plan made available for review and comment online Local community websites November Public Meeting #2 announcements posted with request for and social media 2020 comments on the draft plan Mitigation Flyer Ongoing An informational flyer was made available online Public involvement activities for this plan update included press releases, creation of a website for the plan, a public survey, and the collection of public and stakeholder comments on the draft plan. A public outreach survey was made available in June 2020 and remained open for response until October 2020.The public survey requested public input into the local mitigation strategy planning process and the identification of mitigation activities to lessen the risk and impact of future hazard events.The survey is shown in Appendix B. The survey was available online on the plan website. In total, 22 responses were received. The following is a list of high-level summary results derived from survey responses: Responses were received from residents of Key West(13.6%), Layton(59.1%), Marathon (13.6%), unincorporated Monroe County(9.1%), and Islamorada (4.5%). 91% of respondents (20) own their home, which indicates ability of those engaged in the mitigation process to implement mitigation on their own properties. 91% of respondents feel somewhat prepared or very prepared for a hazard event. 9% feel somewhat unprepared; 100%say they are able to evacuate or take shelter if necessary. Over 86%of respondents know where to get more information on hazard risk and preparedness. Outreach successful outreach programs should be continued and expanded to ensure pertinent information continues to reach residents. Hurricane was rated the most significant hazard, followed by climate change and sea level rise, and flooding.Wildfire was rated the least significant hazard,followed by drought and tornado. 13 of the 22 respondents reported taking steps to mitigate risk at home. Multiple respondents reported purchasing an elevated home or elevating their own home.Others reported taking wind- retrofit actions including shutters and wind resistant windows. One resident reported installing a rain catchment system. Multiple residents have evacuation and storm plans in place as well as evacuation and disaster kits. Respondents favored preventative actions, followed closely by property protection and natural resource protection for mitigation; least favored option was emergency services. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1076 SECTION 2: PLANNING PROCESS County or local government social media page and websites,along with email and text messages, were the most preferred methods of communication for information on hazard events. Detailed survey results are provided in Appendix B. uuii uuo uu ui uuuu iu uuiii uu uii iuui ui o0 olio iiiiiiiiiiuuu uuuuuuu ooiiiiiiiiiiiui uui�����i�iiiuiuiiu ui uiuu iui ouuu iuuiuu uuuui uuu ul I u u I l I A II I I n IIIII ` IIIII I � I In addition to representatives of each participating jurisdiction, the LMSWG included a variety of stakeholders, including representatives from the Monroe County School District, Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority, Florida Department of Health (Monroe County), Florida Forest Service, Nature Conservancy, Florida Keys Electric Cooperative, Keys Energy, and the Monroe County Sherriff's Office, among others. Input from additional stakeholders,including neighboring communities,was solicited through direct email invitations to attend the final public meeting and review the draft plan.Stakeholders were also invited to participate in the public survey. However, if any additional stakeholders of other agencies and organizations participated through the public survey,that information is unknown due to the anonymous nature of the survey. ui uuui iuuiui iuuui uuu ui uuiuiiiii uuiuuiuiii ui uuuuuiuui Dili iiiiiiiiiiiiiui uuiui uu uu iuuui uuuui uuui ou uio iii iiii uioui uuuiii iuuui uuuiu uuuui iuuiuu uuu iuiii l � I i� I L i I i i u i u u 1 i u ui I 11 I I I � Ili I I I to to 1 I 1 ll l I I �IW k �k u u u u uuuuuuui�VuuuoIllllllllllllllllllllllllllliuuuuuiuuuuo�luuuuui�luuuuuo��udlluui�uu�luuuuulludllluuuiu���`ullllliu�u Iluuuuuo�udllluuu Iluuuuuo�udllll�lllludlll�uuuuiiullmlliudllluulll)udlll�llluu�lluliluuuuo�luuuuuoiiu�lluuuuuu�muuiuuui���������������������������������� Progress on the mitigation strategy developed in the previous LMS and part of Monroe County's annual updates is documented in this plan update.Table 2.8 below details the status of mitigation actions from the previous plan. More detail on these actions is provided in Section 6 Mitigation Strategy. Table 2.8—Status of Previous Mitigation Actions Jurisdiction Completed Deleted Carried Forward Monroe County 3 2 33 Islamorada 1 3 7 Key Colony Beach 1 0 1 Key West 21 11 48 Layton 2 0 1 Marathon 2 5 7 FKAA 1 0 1 FKEC 0 2 6 KEYS Energy 0 0 5 Total 31 23 109 Table 2.9 on the following pages details all completed and deleted actions from the 2015 plan. Community capability continues to improve with the implementation of new plans, policies,and programs that help to promote hazard mitigation at the local level. The current state of local capabilities for the participating jurisdictions is captured in Section 5 Capability Assessment. The participating jurisdictions continue to demonstrate their commitment to hazard mitigation and have proven this by reconvening the LMSWG to update this multi-jurisdictional LMS and by continuing to involve the public in the hazard mitigation planning process. Moving forward, information in this plan will be used to help guide and coordinate mitigation activities and decisions for local plans and policies in the future. Proactive mitigation planning will help reduce the cost of disaster response and recovery to communities and their residents by protecting critical community facilities, reducing liability exposure, and minimizing overall community impacts and disruptions. This plan identifies activities that can be undertaken by both the public and the private sectors to reduce safety hazards, health hazards, and property damage. 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""�' v E s s s s E m o 2 o E o r, c a, v v m a a m O LL LL d N Z w N LN LN V) N U N D N N O -4 C7 LL -4 -4 U a•-I � � C N N IIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIIII�IIII 0 0 r `o w ` C 3 N 0 ° (a T C ++ >v° C_ N N L 3 s C c m a) U v c O E O E u 3 a'0 -0 m m m s a, � ¢ -0 E 3 Q a ai s — t m u N s ++ '7 ++ N G N O o s o o c o N^ o 0 3 T m LL *' N ; ++ C Ia 3 LA" 3 v o s u m s n ° a C 'O W "O U O Q a 4 .� a/ y "0 N C o > .- aD O CN 0 N E 7 mm 3 ` " u = 0 c s o � � � os o CL m C -.0, al t 3 al U 'O O ++ ha ULU al c ++ 3 v mm x C ° y 0, O ++ c y 3 OL m a, +` v m 3 ai O c s 3 E �' c E o v Q . o V E m c s E J c N a, O U o -o o Q v V s o c +' a u pp 0 0 o 'o 3 O N O U a/ ` Q- °Q a _ ° ° E o lig +�+ N N E X — N 7 C� s a/ N s N to +O+ +O+ +O+ +O+ +O+ to Q Q Q Q +O+ +O+ Q Q G U U 0 U U U N O L a+ 10 C L CIto •� C Ia u al O CL N O E O +N+ H C ++ y do — E wC � O = > O O m c U ° w E al l- Ili u ^ O m 7 O_ c E m M v +O Do + GJ w — N N L Ncu +�+ N ur (AC j rn W " 3 � m O++ C o m = ao a ° 0 " c CU N m � u E y o O V) `m ` o"li9w Z E O O U c y }°— N O u _0 .2 > o W E O N E Q U N 0 at Q L c Z CL 01 `—' c m U �� j E N d T 2 to N N C a/ as+ Y O w p 2 V) U U +' O ION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE ...:.:.:.: This section provides a general overview of the current conditions in Monroe County and its participating municipalities. It consists of the following sub-sections: 3.1 Geography and Environment 3.2 Population and Demographics 3.3 Historic Properties 3.4 Housing 3.5 Infrastructure 3.6 Current and Future Land Use 3.7 Employment and Industry uui iiii uuu iiiiiiiii uiuu uuiii uuuu uu uuui uu ui iiii��� �iiii iu uu iuuui uuuui ui uuuu ui ui uuuui uiuu ui iui uiii uu�����titititi�»uuuuiiiuuii i i IV l � I l IIIII �� 1 � � uuuio�iu��uuuuu Illuuuuio��iuuuudll�uuuuo��lluuuuioi iui�Iluuuuiillmuullll��uuIIIIVui�����uu�lllllll�iuiilluui�llluui��uuuuio�����iuuuiu�iui�llluui���luuu�uu iui�Iluull�uuuuo��uu�Illuui��uulluui�uu��uuuuulluullVuuiiui����� Monroe County is located at the southernmost tip of the State of Florida.The Florida Keys,which consist of an archipelago that sweeps southwesterly from southeastern Miami-Dade County for almost 150 miles, are located precariously between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.The area of Monroe County located on the Florida mainland is bordered by Collier County to the north and Miami-Dade County to the east. A location map is provided in Figure 3.1. The entire mainland portion of Monroe County is within Everglades National Park or Big Cypress National Preserves, with only 14 total residential buildings. The Florida Keys are characterized by long, narrow,and low-lying islands that average four to seven feet above mean sea level. The planning area comprises a total land area of approximately 982.2 square miles of land area. Large areas of submerged lands associated with parks and preserves also fall within Monroe County, bringing the County's total area to approximately 3,738 square miles. The total land area of each participating jurisdiction is listed in Table 3.1. Table . —Total Land AreaParticipating Jurisdictions Jurisdiction Total Area(sq.mi.) Monroe County 982.20 City of Key Colony Beach 0.44 City of Key West 5.60 City of Layton 0.16 City of Marathon 8.45 Islamorada Village of Islands 6.45 Source:US Census Bureau,www.data.census.gov Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1081 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Figure . —Monroe County Location Map Browaard Collier r f � Miami-Dade i Monroe i Islamorada' Marathon Layton r d 'i .. Key Colony �i Beach Key West ,off %i i i/ i%�/ /%//%%!///%%i% /a //%///i // !/Ill,i✓ri ,�� / poi ii,, 0 7.5 15 22.5 30 Legend Miles N � Highways %J..a Monroe County Map Created By:c MS /`,v State Roads Date Created:4n2P O Counties 5©ur s:E- 4MA M.,, , Corn} FL FDOG E Municipalities wood. Source: U.S.Census Bureau f ur°'i tde Cot rIV tfit,�for Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE According to the Koppen climate classification system, Monroe County has a tropical savannah climate, characterized by consistent high temperatures(at or near sea level) with a pronounced dry season in the winter.The region experiences an average annual high temperature of 82.5°F and an average annual low of 73.1°F. Average annual precipitation is approximately 39.83 inches. Figure 3.2 shows the average monthly precipitation for the Key West weather station, which approximates temperature and precipitation of the County. Figure —Average Monthly TemperaturePrecipitation Monthly Climate Norm a Is(1 981-2010)-KEY WEST INTL AIRPORT,FL 1 0 ., 7,2 110 6 100 4,8 .., .... 94 a C µ R so 1,2 60 Jean Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jral Aug 'Sep Olt Nuv Qec 4I1'Total 7oeapltaTllon Not 1 ^^^^Mean Max TernperaTure No-al ^-^Mean Min Tetnperatl Normal Mean Avg Temperature Norrnall Source:Northeast RCC CLIMOD 2. As shown in the map of HUC-12 watersheds in Figure 3.3, Monroe County is split between 16 HUC-12 watersheds. Table 3.2 below lists these watersheds with the total area of the County that is included within each. Table —HUC 12 Basinsr HUC 12 Basin Name Acreage 030902021300 Everglades National Park 566,465.95 030902021400 Broad River-Taylor Slough Frontal 338,535.20 030902021500 Ponce de Leon Bay—Gulf of Mexico 82,301.87 030902030100 Florida Bay 235,639.15 030902030200 Upper Florida Keys 207,344.02 030902030300 Lower Florida Keys 231,929.13 030902030600 Yacht Channel—Gulf of Mexico 132,165.41 030902030500 Harbor Channel—Gulf of Mexico 249,625.30 030902030400 Hawk Channel—Atlantic Ocean 429,202.93 030902030700 Dry Tortugas 70,616.36 030902040800 Rooker Bay 93,816.60 030902041100 Lopez River—Lostmans River Frontal 133,566.81 030902041000 Big Cypress Swamp 612,437.14 030902041200 Pavilion Key—Gulf of Mexico 229,860.45 030902061609 Everglades National Park Frontal 44,437.67 030902061702 South Biscayne Bay 774.59 V bILit' e C:::tJILty,i io tda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Figure —HUC-12 Drainage Basins I.ee Hendry I>aIGr9 Reach I i. t Y g3 I & Rroanrard D.30 020 Y12C1 CxalAier i �,, IPavi licm"1K.�Vv�rwlV x nl Ml ern r�ri f'"a N ,n CQ+rJ°0N) (H 00 F �Nl+mkFt�Lu # 030902041 IOU '� �.:�ln7vc friecr-I racknu�ans p � I � I iw,t.r Ir�,Arut�l 'r f --r Mian�ria-L ade , r ur1�6?rlfhiisl/ 1S2V monroe CvFqgr a e� r I'A,rtiaunui F'.�rk Isrngiir B"Y U f11f170,1'�I10 I V xa r M1 G Fi�nandelo-°on II ! B G 0 091(lJ_C}Y 1(OrJ fff Ray 6�6df of Ivhrx[au� 1 l \ Y � fvni+11:6kar61d6tirrii7l ,r� N dl 901)021 00 E'ir1 81Fnt t 14 "'j ""A NBmaelCrvef fry0r.._„'^ ,li(7jIP2f).f)af7f7: / N lough Fimnt 1l . ma plan lAI�er a 114�J lCY2.(7iti fA1' , r �I'Itan�l a>w,� i �9CI rl3`�lG�la76, �v // Yfclh@( r6nu7e-( gill f1 0 M 0 C1 00 I slamorada �61iil�csi Clh���uvl Cull v,.., MardthD(r�� +° .irt%Ai r0„..'X"^w v 'Layton A , xey col©r,y f19t' Y4C1(i Beach 11 , d ri �.��^" % ram... - /i/ �1z i/ klavvl C mviel Afldntia 6 //w 'ah' Key West r r A/01 i „ / i / , p 10 20 30 40 Legend H Mips tiVx,' HUC 12 Monroe County Map Created By:LAW T Date Created:.5/1%/2020 lf'r MUf11�C1[7d�1t4e5 � Counties Sources.E,,i,M-foa Couotty, FL.USGS 4 Source: USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service fkfti°'NIive CI;:ot,,iiity,1�1.O:oi V+da Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1084 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Wetlands According to data from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Wetlands Inventory, there are approximately 856,455 acres of wetlands in the region. Wetland areas are shown in Figure 3.4. Acreage by wetland type is summarized in Table 3.3. Table —Acreage by Wetland Wetlands Type Acreage Estuarine and Marine Deepwater 217,198 Estuarine and Marine Wetland 446,675 Freshwater Emergent Wetland 111,943 Freshwater Forested/Shrub Wetland 80,321 Freshwater Pond 214 Lake 99 Riverine 6 Total 856,455 Natural and Beneficial Wetland Functions: The benefits of wetlands are hard to overestimate. They provide critical habitat for many plant and animal species that could not survive in other habitats. They are also critical for water management as they absorb and store vast quantities of storm water, helping reduce floods and recharge aquifers. Not only do wetlands store water like sponges, they also filter and clean water as well, absorbing toxins and other pollutants. Parks, Preserve, and Conservation Monroe County is home to many parks, preserves, beaches, and other natural areas. Mainland Monroe County is home to the western portion of Everglades National Park.There are also 11 state parks: Curry Hammock State Park Fort Zachary Taylor Historic State Park � John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park Bahia Honda State Park Long Key State Park Indian Key Historic State Park Dagny Johnson Key Largo Hammock Botanical State Park Florida Keys Overseas Heritage Trail Windley Key Fossil Reef Geological State Park San Pedro Underwater Archaeological Preserve State Park Lignumvitae Key Botanical State Park The Monroe County Facilities Maintenance Department maintains 21 parks and beaches, covering more than 100 acres. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1085 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Figure —Wetland Areas Brow,Browa rd Collier i4 r� 01 M ila rn i-lade Monroe ' S � YkY Y ki i S�✓ Ar � x Islamoracla' fi s p Marathon Layton k a 1 Key Colony Beach JAI l Key West 0 M 16 24 32 Legend Miles �EsCuartroa and Marine fleepwaYer Freshwater pond Municipalities Map Created By:CMS Estuarine and Marine Wetland ����� Lake i7"P Monroe County wood Date C reated:3/31/2020 Freshwater Emergent 4Wetland IRiverine T♦ o 11F�� �5ewi e.,Monroe Corutit,Wildlife Counties Sources:IEsn,US Fyh&W Q Y L Freshwater Forested/Shrub Wetland ether Source:U.S.Fish&Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory M.or'Nllkde Cmirl fir,1[o lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1086 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Threatened and Endangered Species The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service maintains a regular listing of threatened species, endangered species, species of concern,and candidate species for counties across the United States.There are 42 such species in the County. Table 3.4 below lists the species identified as threatened, endangered, or other classification for Monroe County. Table —Threatened and EndangeredSpecies, Monroe County Group Common Name Scientific Name Federal Status Birds Piping Plover Charadrius melodus Threatened Birds Everglade snail kit Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeaus Endangered Birds Roseate tern Sterna dougallii dougallii Threatened Birds Cape Sable seaside sparrow Ammondramus maritimus mirabilis Endangered Birds Wood stork Mycteria Americana Threatened Birds Red knot Calidris canutus rufa Threatened Birds Cardinal honey-eater Myzomela cardinalis saffordi Resolved Taxon Birds Bachman's warbler Vermivora bachmanii Endangered Flowering Plants Key tree cactus Pilosocereus robinii Endangered Flowering Plants Garber's spurge Chamaesyce garberi Threatened Flowering Plants Sand flax Linum Arenicola Endangered Flowering Plants Florida semaphore Cactus Consolea corallicola Endangered Flowering Plants Wedge spurge Chamaesyce deltoidei serpyllum Endangered Flowering Plants Florida indigo Indigofera mucronata var. keyensis Resolved Taxon Flowering Plants Florida pineland crabgrass Digitaria pauciflora Threatened Flowering Plants Everglades bully Sideroxylon reclinatum ssp. Threatened Flowering Plants Cape Sable Thoroughwort Chromolaena frustrata Endangered Flowering Plants Big Pine partridge pea Chamaecrista lineata keyensis Endangered Flowering Plants Blodgett's silverbush Argythamnia blodgettii Threatened Insects Schaus swallowtail butterfly Heraclides aristodemus ponceanus Endangered Insects Miami Blue Butterfly Cyclargus(=Hemiargus)thomasi Endangered Insects Florida leafwing Butterfly Anaea troglodyta floridalis Endangered Insects Bartram's hairstreak Strymon acis bartrami Endangered Butterfly Mammals Florida bonneted bat Eumops floridanus Endangered Mammals Lower Keys marsh rabbit Sylvilagus palustris hefneri Endangered Mammals Silver rice rat Oryzomys palustris natator Endangered Puma(=Felis)concolor(all subsp. Similarity of Mammals Puma(=mountain lion) Except coryi) Appearance (Threatened) Mammals West Indian Manatee Trichechus manatus Threatened Mammals Key Largo woodrat Neotoma floridana smalli Endangered Mammals Key deer Odocoileus virginianus clavium Endangered Mammals Key Largo cotton mouse Peromyscus gossypinus allapaticola Endangered Mammals Florida panther Puma(=Felis)concolor coryi Endangered Reptile Hawksbill sea turtle Eretmochelys imbricate Endangered Reptile Eastern indigo snake Drymarchon corais couperi Threatened Reptile Gopher tortoise Gopherus Polyphemus Candidate Reptile Leatherback sea turtle Dermochelys coriacea Endangered Reptile Loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta Threatened Reptile American crocodile Crocodylus acutus Threatened Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1087 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Group Common Name Scientific Name Federal Status Similarity of Reptiles American alligator Alligator mississippiensis Appearance (Threatened) Snails Stock Island tree snail Orthalicus reses(not incl. Threatened nesodryas) Source: U.S.Fish&Wildlife Service(Ih ;pa ;; ,;; s;, imkim8c,ir¢ f) IIIII Illlll IIIIIII IIIIIII(IIIIIII III IIIIIII IIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIII III IIII IIIII III 1111111111111 IIIIIIII(IIIIIIIII IIII IIII IIIIII IIIIIII(IIIIIIII IIII IIIIIII III IIIIIII Illll llllll� I IIIII IIII I IIII I I II II III 11 1� V I I I l41 U 01 � I I I I I I I I IV I �I I I I I I� I I �k k t<i„, � III. IIIIII Illu Illu U„,Iluui��ViIV�IIIIIIIIIIIII�������������������������Ilui�IIIIIIIIuuiulVllui�I�IIIIuui�IV�llllllllllui�llllllu�lui IllluuiulV�lu�lllluil Iui�IIIIIiIIVVu��Illui��IIIIIIIIIIVIIII����IIIIIIIIIIIIV�IIIIIIIIII�ui��lui�ui�IllluuuulVIIIIIIuuuu�IuillluuVu�IIIIVIIVIud��lui���Plui��ui Illlluiu�lllluu������llllllllllllllllllllll Monroe County has experienced slight population growth since 2010, approximately 4.4 percent, according to data from the U.S.Census Bureau's Decennial Census and American Community Survey(ACS) 5-year estimates. However, the County's population had declined by just over 8 percent in the decade prior (2000-2010). Table 3.5 provides population counts from 2000, 2010, and 2018 for each of the participating counties. Population statistics for participating jurisdictions are included in each jurisdiction's annex. Table 3.6 provides population projections for Monroe County for 2020-2045. Figure 3.5 on the following page shows 2018 population density by census tract in persons per square mile. Table . —Monroe County Population Counts Jurisdiction 2000 Census 2010 Census 2018 ACS population Total Change %Change Population Population Estimate 2010-2018 2010-2018 City of Key Colony Beach 788 797 569 -228 -28.6% City of Key West 25,478 24,649 25,085 436 1.8% City of Layton 186 184 132* -52 -28.3% City of Marathon 10,255 8,297 8,737 440 5.3% Islamorada Village of Islands 6,846 6,119 6,473 354 5.8% Unincorporated Monroe County 42,882 39,163 35,329 -3,834 -9.8% County Total 79,589 73,090 76,325 3,235 4.4% State of Florida 15,982,378 18,801,310 20,598,139 1,796,829 9.6% Source: US Census Bureau Decennial Census 2000,Decennial Census 2010;American Community Survey 2018 5-Year Estimates *Because of Layton's small size,population estimates are likely to underreport total population;the population of the City was also reported to be 186 in 2020 by the Bureau of Economic and Business Research at the University of Florida. TableMonroe County Population Projections 2019 Population Projections Estimate 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 Monroe County 76,212 Low 73,200 71,5001 69,8001 68,1001 66,400 64,700 Medium 1 76,300 76,5001 76,8001 77,1001 77,400 77,700 High 1 79,300 81,9001 84,5001 87,0001 89,200 91,400 Source: Bureau of Economic and Business Research (University of Florida), Projections of Florida Population by County, by 2020-2045, with estimates for 2019 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1088 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Figure . —Population Density, Browaalyd Collier L_L �4 1 iarnu-t7,ade 1, � V Monroe "� l xM � . or, / +,� Islamorada 4�r'�"�'w^, .✓' Ma rathon ' ,....,r rr,�.✓� 4� `� � � m iKE COIOf1 B , each p 4 0 8 16 24 32 Legend Mlles 15 Peoplefsq IN Miles s 9974 People/Sq,.Mile L.............. Map Created By:1,MS ..,,,�.-5 53 People/Sq.Mile Municipalities net C eated:3/ 1/2020 �c 183 Peruple/Sq MileSourc p w�C� . Bui,eaes. onsi US Census d a 11 Monroe County 6ureaua Monroe County,FL � ��<_9©5 PeapleJ9q Mils Counties �1251 Peapie/Sp.Mile Source: U.S.Census Bureau,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1089 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Table 3.7 details demographic and social characteristics of each of the participating counties compared to the State of Florida overall according to the 2018 ACS 5-Year Estimates. Per this data,the Monroe County population is older than the state average. The County has a greater proportion of individuals with high school diplomas and Bachelor's degrees and a lower proportion of individuals with disabilities and who speak English less than very well as compared to the state. Table . -Monroe County Demographic Summary,2018 Demographic&Social Characteristics Monroe Florida County Median Age 47.3 41.9 •of Population Under 5 years old 4.7 5.4 •of population Over 65 years old 21.3 19.7 •of Population Over 25 with high school diploma 91.3 88.0 •of Population Over 25 with bachelor's degree or higher 33.3 29.2 %with Disability 11.1 13.4 %Speak English less than"very well" 10.2 11.9 Source:US Census Bureau,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates The racial characteristics of the participating jurisdictions, compared to the state average, are presented in Table 3.8. All jurisdictions except for Marathon have a larger White population than the State of Florida. Key West,Marathon,Unincorporated Monroe County,and the County as a whole have a larger proportion of individuals who identify as Hispanic or Latino. Compared to the State of Florida, all jurisdictions have smaller Black populations; Key West has the largest Black population at nearly 13%. Table -Monroe County Racial Demographics,2018 Other Two or More Persons of Hispanic Jurisdiction White,% Black,% Asian,% Race,% Races,% or Latino Origin,% City of Key Colony o 0 0 0 0 0 Beach 82.1/0 9.1/0 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 8.8/0 City of Key West 61.4% 12.8% 1.9% 0.1% 1.3% 22.6% City of Layton 93.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6.8% City of Marathon 52.5% 6.8% 1.0% 0.1% 0.4% 39.2% Islamorada Village of 87 8% 0.5% 0.3% 0.0% 0.7% 10.8% Islands Unincorporated o 0 0 0 0 0 70.1/0 3.2/0 1.1/0 0.7/0 1.2/0 23.7/o Monroe County Monroe County 66.9% 6.6% 1.3% 0.4% 1.1% 23.9% Florida 54.4% 15.4% 2.7% 0.6% 1.8% Source: US Census Bureau,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Note:Racial statistics represent the proportion of individuals that fall in each category alone;i.e.the white population represents the non-Hispanic white population. Figure 3.6 displays social vulnerability information for Monroe County by census tract according to 2018 data and analysis by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).The CDC's Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) indicates the relative vulnerability within census tracts based on 15 social factors: poverty, unemployment, income, education, age, disability, household composition, minority status, language, housing type, and transportation access. Higher social vulnerability is an indicator that a community may be limited in its ability to respond to and recover from hazard events.Therefore,using this SVI information can help the Region and jurisdictions to prioritize pre-disaster aid, allocate emergency preparedness and response resources, and plan for the provision of recovery support. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1090 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Figure —Social Vulnerability Index by Census Tract,2018 Broward Collier ri Mlaimy-jade Monroe ti a p Islamorada r r Marathon , a 00 Layton Key Colony �) Beach00 ' /r Key West ✓ �//%//%%%/l//jai r //// i��//%,r r /� i,/ /� i 0 3 16 24 32 Legend r � MWes .�0-a7,2S�f r��++=sC'Wuun�ra piu,ty �:.�— Munwlpaluues mm. 0.2501-0.54 l�f Monroe County Map Created 8p:GI'�S �,r1" M C y oet C tedc 3/31/2020 2 5001-0.75 roOd Saures 7 CDC,Mnnrne Counties Co�nt v FL 40 0,7501-1 1 Hi9ha4tl'.Vulnerability M.mN111de CI;:� iR� tt ,,11.m Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1091 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Source:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry(ATSDR)/Geospatial Research, Analysis,and Services Program(GRASP). IIIII Illll (III III IIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIII 11111111 III IIIII 1111111 IIIIIIIII IIIIIII IIIIIII IIIIIIIII(IIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII(IIIIIIIII IIIIII u � I I III 11 1 1 1 1 IIIII U I U O � III11 II II I U I ( IIIIIII��IIIIU�IIIIIIII�IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIII���PIIIII IIII�IIIIIIIo��IIIIIIIIIIIIIIOU�llllllllllllllllllllllo��llll��lllllllllilllllllllllo�lllll�llllllllll�llll��lllllliCllll����IIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII������������������������������ As of October 2020, Monroe County had 58 listings on the National Register of Historic Places.Three of the listings are Historic Districts.Listing on the National Register signifies that these structures and districts have been determined to be worthy of preservation for their historical or cultural values. Additionally, four of these properties are also listed as National Historic Landmarks. Table —National Register of Historic Places Listings in Monroe Ref# Property Name Listed Date City Dry Tortugas 70000069 Fort Jefferson National Monument 11/10/1970 Islands Everglades 96001179 Cane Patch 11/5/1996 Nat'l Park Everglades 96001183 Rookery Mound 11/5/1996 Nat'l Park Everglades 96001180 Ten Thousand Islands Archeological District 11/5/1996 Nat'l Park 96001182 Bear Lake Mounds Archeological District 11/5/1996 Flamingo 06000979 Mud Lake Canal* 9/20/2006 Flamingo 79000684 Overseas Highway and Railway Bridges 8/13/1979 Florida Keys 11000860 Alligator Reef Light 12/1/2011 Islamorada 06000493 Chaves Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Islamorada 95000238 Florida Keys Memorial 3/16/1995 Islamorada 06000495 Herrara Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Islamorada 97000404 LaBranche Fishing Camp 5/9/1997 Islamorada 98000652 Lignumvitae Key Archeological and Historical District 2/16/1999 Islamorada 94000794 SAN FELIPE Shipwreck Site 8/11/1994 Islamorada 01000530 SAN PEDRO(shipwreck) 5/31/2001 Islamorada 06000501 Tres Puentes Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Islamorada 96000581 USS ALLIGATOR 6/6/1996 Islamorada 91001771 AFRICAN QUEEN 2/18/1992 Key Largo 84000199 Carysfort Lighthouse 10/31/1984 Key Largo 72000340 John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park and Reserve 4/14/1972 Key Largo 04000788 Overseas Highway and Railway Bridges(Boundary Increase) 8/3/2004 Key Largo 75000562 Rock Mound Archeological Site 7/1/1975 Key Largo 02000494 USCG Cutter DUANE 5/16/2002 Key Largo 12000362 African Cemetery at Higgs Beach 6/26/2012 Key West 71000243 Armory,The 3/11/1971 Key West 01000228 Dry Tortugas National Park 10/26/1992 Key West 71000244 Fort Zachary Taylor* 3/11/1971 Key West 73000586 Gato,Eduardo H., House 4/11/1973 Key West 89001428 HA. 19(Japanese Midget Submarine) 6/30/1989 Key West 68000023 Hemingway, Ernest, House* 11/24/1968 Key West 92001879 INGHAM (USCGC)* 4/27/1992 Key West 71000245 Key West Historic District 3/11/1971 Key West 83001430 Key West Historic District(Boundary Increase) 2/24/1983 Key West 74000652 Little White House 2/12/1974 Key West Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1092 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Ref# Property Name Listed Date City 72000341 Martello Gallery-Key West Art and Historical Museum 6/19/1972 Key West 73000587 Old Post Office and Customshouse 9/20/1973 Key West 73000588 Porter,Dr.Joseph Y., House 6/4/1973 Key West 73000589 Sand Key Lighthouse 4/11/1973 Key West 06000957 SloppyJoe's Bar 11/1/2006 Key West 94000633 Thompson Fish House,Turtle Cannery and Kraals 6/23/1994 Key West 73000590 U.S.Coast Guard Headquarters,Key West Station 10/15/1973 Key West 84000915 US Naval Station 5/8/1984 Key West Veterans of Foreign Wars Walter R. Mickens Post 6021 and William 12000300 Weech American Legion Post 168 5/30/2012 Key West 76000602 West Martello Tower 6/24/1976 Key West 84000930 WESTERN UNION(schooner) 5/16/1984 Key West 06000492 Angustias Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Layton 06000494 El Gallo Indiano Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Layton 06000499 San Francisco Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Layton 06000500 Sueco de Arizon Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Layton Lower Matecumbe 72000342 Indian Key 6/19/1972 Key 92001243 Adderley,George, House 9/10/1992 Marathon 12000092 Sombrero Key Light 3/9/2012 Marathon 90000443 Pigeon Key Historic District 3/16/1990 Pigeon Key 06000496 El Infante Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Plantation Plantation 75002123 SAN JOSE Shipwreck Site 3/18/1975 Key Sugarloaf 82002377 Bat Tower-Sugarloaf Key 5/13/1982 Key Summerland 10001189 American Shoal Light 1/25/2011 Key 06000497 El Rubi Shipwreck Site 6/15/2006 Tavernier Source:National Parks Service,National Register of Historic Places,October 2020 *National Historic Landmarks IIIIIIII IIIII IIII IIII IIIIIIII IIII IIII I II IIIIIIIII IIII IIII IIIIIIII� V I II � .IIIII I u I n II 0111111111111111�� 1111111111111111111111110111111111111111111111111111111111�ll llllll 11 of Table 3.10 provides details on housing characteristics in Monroe County according to data from the 2018 ACS 5-Year Estimates and the 2010 Census.Table 3.11 provides further detail for Monroe County. Counts by jurisdiction for these characteristics are in individual jurisdictional annexes. According to the 2014-2018 ACS 5-Year Estimates, there are 52,764 housing units in Monroe County, of which 58 percent are occupied. Compared to the state, occupancy rates are lower across the county and all incorporated jurisdictions. Approximately 40.4% of occupied units are renter-occupied. A high percentage of renters is an indicator of higher pre- and post-disaster vulnerability because, according to Cutter,et al.(2003),renters often do not have the financial resources of homeowners,are more transient, are less likely to have information about or access to recovery aid following a disaster,and are more likely to require temporary shelter following a disaster. The City of Key West has the highest rate of renter- occupied housing, at 59.5 percent. Higher rates of home ownership in some jurisdictions, including Islamorada and unincorporated Monroe County, where owner-occupied housing rates are all above 70 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE percent,may indicate that more residents in these areas are able to implement certain types of mitigation in their homes. The housing growth rate since 2010 has been positive in Islamorada (6.4%), unincorporated Monroe County(4.2%), and Monroe County(4%) as a whole;the former two both surpassing the housing growth rate of Florida. Marathon has experienced the largest decrease in overall housing units at 4.3 percent, followed by Key West(-3.4%), Layton (-1.6%), and Key Colony Beach (-0.7%). Median home value in Monroe County is $468,200, approximately 138 percent higher than the state median;in all incorporated jurisdictions, median home values are greater than that of the State by at least 87% (Layton) and as much as 201% (Islamorada). Of the County's owner-occupied housing units, 48.7 percent have a mortgage. More than 53 percent of householders moved into their current homes since the year 2010, and another 23.8 percent moved in between 2000 and 2009, which could indicate that many residents may be new to the area they live in. Householders of 7.1 percent of occupied housing units have no vehicle available to them-this number is highest in Key West(12.1%);these residents may have difficulty in the event of an evacuation. Nearly 53 percent of housing units in Monroe County are detached single family homes. The next most common housing type is mobile homes, which make up 12.8%of all housing units; mobile homes can be more vulnerable to certain hazards, such as tornadoes and wind storms, especially if they aren't secured with tie downs.Another 7.9%of housing units are in structure with 20 or more units. Most of the County's housing stock, nearly 60 percent, was built in the three decades between 1970 and 1999.Age can indicate the potential vulnerability of a structure to certain hazards. For example, Monroe County first entered the National Flood Insurance Program in 1973. Therefore, based on housing age estimates approximately 27 percent of housing in the County was built before any floodplain development restrictions were required. The Cities of Key Colony Beach, Key West, and Layton all entered the NFIP in 1971, however Marathon and Islamorada did not enter the NFIP until years later; therefore, the actual percent of housing built without floodplain development restrictions may be higher. Table . -Monroe County and Incorporated Jurisdictions, usin Characteristics,2018 Housing Housing Housing Units Percent Owner Median Jurisdiction Units Units Percent Change Occupied Occupied Home Value (2010) (2018) (2010-2018) (2018) Units,% (2018) (2018) City of Key Colony 1,431 1,421 -0.7% 24.6% 63.9% $566,800 Beach City of Key West 14,107 13,631 -3.4% 73.5% 40.5% $578,100 City of Layton 184 181 -1.6% 41.4% 64.0% $367,700 City of Marathon 6,187 5,919 -4.3% 60.9% 54.8% $389,300 Islamorada Village of 5,692 6,055 6.4% 47.2% 77.8% $593,100 Islands Unincorporated 25,163 26,216 4.2% 53.7% 70.6% -- Monroe County Monroe County 52,764 53,423 2.2% 58.0% 59.6% $468,200 Florida 8,989,580 9,348,689 4.0% 81.5% 65.0% $196,800 Source: U.S.Census Bureau 2010 Decennial Census,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Table . -Monroe County Housing Characteristics,2018 Housing Characteristics Monroe County Florida Average Household Size(Owner-Occupied) 2.31 2.63 Average Household Size(Renter-Occupied) 2.51 2.68 %of Housing Units with no Vehicles Available 7.1% 6.5% Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1094 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Housing Characteristics Monroe County Florida of Housing Units that are mobile homes 12.8% 9.0% Source: U.S.Census Bureau 2010 Decennial Census,American Community Survey 2014-2018 S-Year Estimates IIIII 11111111 \\\111 IIII IIIIIIIII IIIIIIII IIII IIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIII IIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlII IIIII IIIIIIII IIIIIIIII V11 1 III I I I V II VI U 11 I I I) kII IIV � IIV I I �11 VI IIIIIIIO�IIIIII�IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII���������������IIIII�IIIIIIIIII III��IIIIIIIIIIIIII�IIIII�IIIIIII�IIIIOIIIII�IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIOI�IIIIIIIII�II��IIIIYIIIIIIIIII���IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII�IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 3.5.1 Transportation Transportation in Monroe County is unique. U.S. Route 1 (US 1), also known as the Overseas Highway, is the single road that forms the backbone of the transportation network in the Florida Keys and serves as the sole link to the Florida mainland. US 1 runs 126 miles from Florida City, in Miami Dade County,to Key West.The mostly two-lane highway is maintained by the Florida Department of Transportation.Along the route, there are 42 bridges totaling 19 miles. The Overseas Highway is a lifeline for the Keys, serving as both a highway and a "main street;" it drives the local economy by bringing food, materials, and tourists from the mainland. In addition to US 1, Monroe County maintains approximately 450 miles of roads, including 37 bridges. Card Sound Road—a toll road—serves as an alternate to US Highway 1 in some places. Mainland Monroe is primarily government owned parks and preserves and has few roads.The only County maintained road is Loop Road, a 16 mile loop off of US 41 that crosses the Miami Dade and Collier County lines. Key West, Marathon, Key Colony Beach, Islamorada, and Layton are all responsible for the streets within their boundaries that are not maintained by the state or the county. The County has two primary airports. Key West International Airport(EYW)is located within the Key West city limits,two miles east of the main commercial center. EYW is the primary passenger airport in the Keys and served approximately 870,000 passengers in 2018. Florida Keys/Marathon International Airport (MTH)is located within the Marathon city limits directly adjacent to US 1.MTH is a general aviation airport that currently does not have any scheduled passenger flights but does have charter air service. Both airports are self-supporting Enterprise Funds,which operate using money generated by rates and charges levied on airport tenants and users. The Airports Department operates the facilities and provides comprehensive aviation services. Bus service is provided by Greyhound to the Key Largo bus stop,the Marathon airport, and the Key West Bus Station. Key West Transit provides public bus service with five routes in the City of Key West and one route for the Lower Keys Shuttle, traveling between Key West and Marathon. Miami-Dade Transit provides the Dade-Monroe Express between Florida City and Marathon. 3.5.2 Utilities Electric power for the County is provided by the Florida Keys Electric Cooperative (FKEC)from the Upper Keys(Miami-Dade County Line) to Marathon at the Seven Mile Bridge and by Keys Energy Services KEYS) from the Seven Mile Bridge to Key West.The electric transmission lines in the county are above-ground, and transmission poles are located in the water at bridge crossings between keys. FKEC is a member-owned not-for-profit electric utility.The cooperative brings power from the mainland to the Florida Keys to serve approximately 33,000 accounts via a 138,000-volt transmission line. The transmission line is jointly owned by FKEC and KEYS, with FKEC responsible for maintenance in their territory. FKEC purchases nearly 100 percent of its power from Florida Power&Light,although generators in Marathon and two solar arrays also contribute to power supply. FKEC operates 6 substations and maintains over 800-miles of distribution power lines. Keys Energy Services is a municipal owned public utility headquartered in Key West serving more than 35,000 customers. KEYS purchases all of its power through Florida Municipal Power Agency (FMPA) and i f::°:iroe C:::lu�lruty,110 u,1 a Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1095 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE imports the power from the mainland via the 138,000 volt transmission line. FMPA owns 111 megawatts of generation on Stock Island. The local generation is used to meet peak loads and for emergency backup in the event of loss of the transmission line. KEYS operates 9 substations and maintains over 900 miles of distribution power lines (340 miles three phase equivalent). Water service in the Florida Keys is provided by the Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority (FKAA), an independent state agency with the primary purpose and function to obtain, supply, and distribute an adequate water supple to the Florida Keys. FKAA provides potable water across the County along with reclaimed water and wastewater services in select areas.In total, FKAA delivers approximately 17,000,000 gallons of drinking water per day. The Authority manages the infrastructure to supple water, including a pipeline that originates in Florida City(Miami-Dade County) bringing water from the Biscayne Aquifer.The main pipeline that connects the upper keys is laid underwater; some distribution pipelines, however, are connected to roads and bridges and may be vulnerable to washout. FKAA additionally operates two reverse osmosis emergency water treatment plants to provide an alternate source when water cannot be supplied through the pipeline. FKAA is required to meet or exceed the latest edition of the Florida Building Code when building or renovating its facilities; it also complies with the minimum design standards for flood protection of water and wastewater infrastructure set by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. uuu uuu uuulUuI uuuiuiui luuiul Uuuuuuui uuluuiuuul Uuu ui uuiiuuuii uuuiiiuiI iuuuiiiiuuuuuI UulIUuuul Uuuuu uu iuu iii iiiiiiiiiiuii uiI iui iiiuiuiuuiu I I I I I V uuulo�iul��luuuoU1� IIUIIIIIIIII��UIIIIIIOII�IIIdIIUIIIIIdIIUIIIIIIIIIIII�III�IIUIIIIIIII� IIII�IIIUIIIVIII�IIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII�����iIIdIIII�IUIIIIIIIIo�I���IIII����IUIIIIIIoIUIIIIII�IIIIIiIIIIIIIIIIIIII�IIIIIIIIIIII�IIUIIIVIII�IIUllllllilllllllllll�����UlllllllolUllllllllo�llllllllll�llllllllllllllllllllll Land use in Monroe County is managed by the Monroe County Planning and Environmental Resources Department.The department has four offices:Comprehensive Planning,Current Planning, Environmental Resources,and Marine Resources;floodplain management also falls within this department. Across these offices,the department is responsible for the administration of the County's comprehensive plan and land development regulations, including processing amendments to the plan (comprehensive planning). Additionally, the department reviews development proposals for compliance with the plan, including environmental compliance (current planning).The County's adopted comprehensive plan, most recently updated in 2010 to plan through the year 2030, guides future growth and community development. Future land use planning, comprehensive planning, and administration of land development regulations for all incorporated jurisdictions are managed by various entities within each jurisdiction. More details will be provided on jurisdictional current and future land use in individual jurisdictional annexes. In 1975, the Florida Keys were designated as an Area of Critical State Concern by the Administration Commission and then by the Florida Legislature in 1979. This designation is intended to protect environmental and natural resources of regional and statewide importance, historical archaeological resources, and major public facilities and public investments;these resources include the only coral reef system in North America, and the third largest in the world, and one of the most ecologically diverse ecosystems in the United States. Due to this designation, federal and state involvement in the County's land use planning is extensive. 3.6.1 Rate of Growth Ordinance Growth trends in Monroe County are regulated through the number of residential permits issued. The Monroe County Rate of Growth Ordinance (ROGO) controls the number of dwelling units — both permanent and seasonal—that can be permitted in Monroe County and incorporated municipalities.The ROGO was initially adopted in 1992 as a response to the inability of the road network to accommodate a large-scale hurricane evacuation in a timely fashion. During the initial evacuation study, a series of complex models was developed to determine the number of additional dwelling units that could be permitted without exceeding a 24 hour evacuation from the Keys. As a result, a tool was developed to equitably distribute—geographically and over time—the remaining number of permits available. N4.ortu oe Cott lrtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1096 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Based on the supply of vacant buildable lots, the ROGO distributes a pre-determined number of allocations for new residential permits by ROGO Year-generally from July 131h of one year through July 121h of the next year.To further address concerns of carrying capacity,the County implemented the tier system. This system designates all land outside of mainland Monroe into three general categories for purposes of its land acquisition program and smart growth. Both systems recognize the finite limits of the carrying capacity of both the natural and mand-made systems in the Keys.Their goal is to ensure public safety through the ability to maintain a hurricane evacuation clearance time. Both the ROGO and Tier System exclude the Ocean Reef Club planned development in Key Largo based on the Ocean Reef Club Vested Development rights letter.The three tiers are as follows: � Tier I: Natural Areas Tier II:Transitional and Sprawl Reduction Area (on Big Pine Key and No Name Key, only) Tier III: Infill Area; includes a special protection area as a subset(Tier III-A) Under the Rate of Growth Ordinance, the number of permits to be allocated between July 13th 2013 through July 13th 2023 was to not exceed 1,970. These allocations were to be divided yearly and across market rate units, affordable housing units, mobile homes, and institutional residential units.The County required at least 20 percent of yearly allocations to be affordable units.Annual permits were also divided between three subareas: Upper Keys, Lower Keys, and Big Pine Key/No Name Key. On February 10, 2020, the county adopted Ordinance No. 006-2020 amending section 138-24 of the Monroe County Land Development Code.Through this adoption,the County extended the ROGO time period through 2026. In so doing,the number of permits available annually was reduced.Table 3.12 below illustrated the permits to be made available under this new ordinance amendment. Table . -ROGO Annual Permit Allocations ROGO Year Annual Allocations Market Rate Affordable Housing July 13,2013-July 12,2014 126-U:61, L:57, BPK/NNK:8 71 July 13,2014-July 12,2015 126-U:61, L:57, BPK/NNK:8 71 July 13,2015-July 12,2016 126-U:61, L:57, BPK/NNK:8 71 July 13,2016-July 12,2017 126-U:61, L:57, BPK/NNK:8 July 13,2017-July 12,2018 126-U:61, L:57, BPK/NNK:8 July 13,2018-July 12,2019 126-U:61, L:57, BPK/NNK:8 July 13,2019-July 12,2020 126-U:61, L:57, BPK/NNK:8 July 13,2020-July 12,2021 64-U: 31, L:29, BPK/NNK:4 497 total Affordable Housing July 13,2021-July 12,2022 64-U: 31, L:29, BPK/NNK:4 Units(Available Immediately) July 13,2022-July 12,2023 64-U: 31, L:29, BPK/NNK:4 July 13,2023-July 12,2024 64-U: 31, L:29, BPK/NNK:4 July 13,2024-July 12,2025 64-U: 31, L:29, BPK/NNK:4 July 13,2025-July 12,2026 64-U: 31, L:29, BPK/NNK:4 Tota l 1,260 720 Source:Monroe County Ordinance 006-2020 U=Upper Keys;L=Lower Keys;BPK/NNK=Big Pine Key/No Name Key As residential and nonresidential development fuel one another, considering nonresidential permitting is also important when maintaining the islands' carrying capacity.The predominant form of nonresidential development in the Keys is commercial, mainly retail trade and services; this includes tourism related development such as marinas and restaurants. Nonresidential development is also controlled to maintain a balance of land uses between residential and commercial.The Nonresidential Rate of Growth Ordinance (NROGO) limits the square footage of new commercial development to 239 square feet per each new residential permit issued. In unincorporated Monroe County, this means a maximum of 47,083 square fkftr:iroe Cm�iruty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1097 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE feet of floor area per NROGO year. This is also to be distributed across the same three subareas as the ROGO permits. uui iiiiiiiiiu iuuiuii iiii iiii iiiiiii iii uiou uu ui uu iiu uuiuiii ui uuuuiiiuuii ««»i iuiiiuuui ui iii iiii uuuui uu iui uuu uuuuuu uuuu uu«<I I I 1 1 I l i I � � II ��������������111111111111111111111 u k uuuio�iu�l�ui�llllllllllllllllllllllllllmuuiu�iui�lluijuidliuilllll�uuuuihluuuuoU���iuullllliui�lluijui uuuuu�ui�llUuuiuu�����uulllUillUlu�llUuui uuuuuu�����ui uu�Illuu�luuuuio�Uuuuuolluuuio�uu����uidllluuillVuiillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll Monroe County is characterized by a unique economy due to its location and geography.The Keys attract both seasonal residents and short-term visitors with an amenable climate and many recreational opportunities. The economy is dominated by tourism; the service sector, primarily hospitality, is the largest segment of the private sector followed by retail trade.As such an important piece of the economy, the tourism industry supplements the tax base in Monroe County. A major hurricane or other disaster event that keeps visitors away will lead to reduced revenue associated with the Bed Tax, Sales Tax, and Infrastructure Tax. 3.7.1 Wages and Employment Per the 2018 ACS 5-Year Estimates,the median household income for Monroe County was$67,023,which exceeds the state's median household income ($53,267). By jurisdiction, median household income is lower than that of the state only in Layton. In Key Colony Beach and Islamorada, median household income is higher than the state by 70.1 percent and 43.2 percent, respectively.Per capita income is higher across all jurisdictions than that of the state, by at least 21.5 percent (Layton) and as much as 260.7 percent(Key Colony Beach).Compared to the state,a smaller portion of the population is living below the poverty line in the County and all jurisdictions, but more of the population lacks health insurance across the County and in all incorporated jurisdictions except Layton and Islamorada. Table 3.13 shows economic statistics for each jurisdiction compared to the state average and Table 3.14 shows employment statistics for the county compared to the state average. Employment by industry statistics by participating jurisdiction can be found in each jurisdiction's annex. Table . -Monroe County Economic Statistics,2018 Median Per Capita Unemployment %of Individuals %Without Jurisdiction Household Income Rate(%) Below Poverty Health Income Level Insurance City of Key Colony Beach $90,625 $108,919 0.0% 0.5% 10.4% City of Key West $67,712 $41,773 2.6% 12% 18.5% City of Layton $48,750 $36,696 0.0% 0% 8.3% City of Marathon $53,866 $37,568 3.1% 14.3% 22.5% Islamorada Village of o 0 0 Islands $76,289 $58,419 2.0% 6.8/0 9.8/0 Unincorporated Monroe o 0 County -- -- 3.2/0 -- 17.7/0 Monroe County $67,023 $43,477 2.9% 11.8% 17.8% Florida 1 $53,267 1 $30,1971 6.3% 1 14.8% 13.5% Source: U.S.Census Bureau,2014-2018 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates Table . -Monroe County Employment by Industry, Industry Monroe Florida County Agriculture,forestry,fishing and hunting,and mining 1.9% 1.0% Construction 7.8% 7.3% Manufacturing 2.4% 5.1% Wholesale trade 2.0% 2.7% Retail trade 11.7% 12.9% Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1098 SECTION 3: PLANNING AREA PROFILE Industry Monroe Florida County Transportation and warehousing,and utilities 6.0% 5.4% Information 1.2% 1.9% Finance and insurance,and real estate and rental and leasing 7.1% 7.7% Professional,scientific,and management,and administrative and waste management services 9.9% 13.1% Educational services,and health care and social assistance 14.5% 21.0% Arts,entertainment,and recreation,and accommodation and food services 23.9% 12.2% Other services,except public administration 4.8% 5.3% Public administration 6.9% 4.3% Source: U.S.Census Bureau,2014-2018 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates The largest industry sector in the County in 2018 was "arts, entertainment, and recreation, and accommodation and food services," comprising 23.9 percent of employment across the County. This is followed closely by"educational services,and health care and social assistance,"comprising 14.5 percent of total employment. Compared to the state as a whole, the arts, entertainment, accommodations, and food services industry makes up a much larger percentage of employment in Monroe County. Table 3.15 summarizes the major employers in each county in Monroe County from Florida TaxWatch as of the April 2020. Table . —Major Public Employers, Monroe County Employer Sector Employees Monroe County Public School District County 1,608 Monroe County Board of Commissioners County 572 Monroe County Sherriff Office County 538 City of Key West Municipal 513 United States Military Federal 424 Source:TaxWatch Florida Per TaxWatch,5 of the 10 largest employers in Monroe County are public entities. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1099 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Requirement §201.6(c)(2): [The plan shall include] A risk assessment that provides the factual basis for activities proposed in the strategy to reduce losses from identified hazards. Local risk assessments must provide sufficient information to enable the jurisdiction to identify and prioritize appropriate mitigation actions to reduce losses from identified hazards. Requirement §201.6(c)(2)(1): [The risk assessment shall include a] description of the type...of all natural hazards that can affect the jurisdiction. Requirement§201.6(c)(2)(1):[The risk assessment shall include a]description of the...location and extent of all natural hazards that can affect the jurisdiction. The plan shall include information on previous occurrences of hazard events and on the probability of future hazard events. 44 CFR Subsection D §201.6(c)(2)(11): [The risk assessment shall include a] description of the jurisdiction's vulnerability to the hazards described in paragraph (c)(2)(1) of this section. This description shall include an overall summary of each hazard and its impact on the community. Plans approved after October 1,2008 must also address NFIP insured structures that have been repetitively damaged by floods. The plan should describe vulnerability in terms of: A) The types and numbers of existing and future buildings, infrastructure, and critical facilities located in the identified hazard areas; (B):An estimate of the potential dollar losses to vulnerable structures identified in paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(A)of this section and a description of the methodology used to prepare the estimate;and (Q Providing a general description of land uses and development trends within the community so that mitigation options can be considered in future land use decisions. uui lii uuiul Ilia liiuuuiuluiuui ui uilii uuuuiliii lui ui I U I ul I III . U I I I 1 1 � I II u , Illlllluitllluu��uuuuu�l lluuuuo���rlluuuuuuu�u��mu�lllluuuu��uuuuu��luuu�uu�������������������������777777 This section describes the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment process for the development of the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy. It describes how the County met the following requirements from the 10-step planning process: Planning Step 4: Assess the Hazard Planning Step 5: Assess the Problem As defined by FEMA, risk is a combination of hazard,vulnerability, and exposure. "It is the impact that a hazard would have on people, services, facilities, and structures in a community and refers to the likelihood of a hazard event resulting in an adverse condition that causes injury or damage." This hazard risk assessment covers all of Monroe County, including the unincorporated County and all incorporated jurisdictions participating in this plan. The risk assessment process identifies and profiles relevant hazards and assesses the exposure of lives, property, and infrastructure to these hazards. The process allows for a better understanding of the potential risk to natural and technological hazards in the county and provides a framework for developing and prioritizing mitigation actions to reduce risk from future hazard events. This risk assessment followed the methodology described in the FEMA publication Understanding Your Risks—Identifying Hazards and Estimating Losses(FEMA 386-2, 2002),which breaks the assessment down to a four-step process: Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1100 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT ,,,,;,,,;,,,;,,,;,,,;,,;,,,,� ����illllllll IIIIII Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllui G °0%/%%9//%/ / III�IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII�IIIIIIIIIII��IIIII�II IIIIIIII IIIII IIIIIII Ill�lllldlllllllll � ���/�� Data collected through this process has been incorporated into the following sections of this plan: Section 4.2: Hazard Identification identifies the natural and human-caused hazards that threaten the planning area. Section 4.3: Risk Assessment Methodology and Assumptions Section 4.4: Asset Inventory details the population, buildings, and critical facilities at risk within the planning area. Section 4.5: Hazard Profiles,Analysis,and Vulnerability discusses the threat to the planning area, describes previous occurrences of hazard events and the likelihood of future occurrences, and assesses the planning area's exposure to each hazard profiled; considering assets at risk, critical facilities, and future development trends. Section 4.6: Conclusions on Hazard Risk summarizes the results of the Priority Risk Index and defines each hazard as a Low, Moderate, or High-Risk hazard. uui iiiiui »l iui uiii iuiuuiii ilia uuiui uiiuiui uiiiiuuui uuuuuuui uuiuuiuuuiuu uuuuiui uuui uuu uuuuuuiuu uuuii uui uu S u l � it it i i l l i i I I I 1 I A I i I I I� � k� k �k u u1lluuuuuuuuuullullliu�lluuuuuuu���u uuuuioluuuiu�iu�llluu�����u�iu iudlllluu�llluuuuuiulliiu����u Imuuuuo�uu�llluu� To identify hazards relevant to the planning area,the LMS working group began with a review of the list of hazards identified in the 2018 State Hazard Mitigation Plan and the 2015 Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy(LMS) as summarized in Table 4.1.The LMS working group used these lists to identify a full range of hazards for potential inclusion in this plan update and to ensure consistency across these planning efforts.All hazards listed below were evaluated for inclusion in this plan update. Table . —Full Range of HazardsEvaluate Hazard Included in 2018 Included in 2015 State HMP? Monroe County LMS? Tropical Cyclones Yes Yes Flood Yes Yes Severe Storms and Tornadoes(including Water Spouts) Yes Yes Climate Change and Sea Level Rise Yes Yes Drought Yes Yes Wildfire Yes Yes Coastal Erosion Yes Yes Extreme Heat Yes No Radiological Incident Yes No Cyber Attack Yes No The LMS working group evaluated the above list of hazards using existing hazard data, past disaster declarations, local knowledge, and information from the 2018 State Plan and the 2015 Monroe County Plan to determine the significance of these hazards to the planning area. Significance was measured in general terms and focused on key criteria such as frequency and resulting damage,which includes deaths and injuries, as well as property and economic damage. One key resource in this effort was the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s National Center for Environmental Information (NCEI), which has been tracking various types of severe weather since 1950. Their Storm Events Database contains an archive by county of destructive storm or Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1101 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT weather data and information which includes local, intense and damaging events. NCEI receives storm data from the National Weather Service (NWS), which compiles their information from a variety of sources, including but not limited to:county,state and federal emergency management officials; local law enforcement officials; SkyWarn spotters; NWS damage surveys; newspaper clipping services; the insurance industry and the general public, among others. The NCEI database contains 299 records of severe weather events that occurred in Monroe County in the 20-year period from 2000 through 2019. Table 4.2 summarizes these events. Table —NCEI Severe Weather Reports for Monroe County,2000—2019 Type #of Events Property Damage Crop Damage Deaths Injuries Coastal Flood 10 $0 $0 0 0 Dense Fog 0 $0 $0 0 0 Drought 9 $0 $0 0 0 Extreme Cold/Wind Chill 0 $0 $0 0 0 Flash Flood 0 $0 $0 0 0 Flood 16 $26,000 $0 0 0 Frost/Freeze 0 $0 $0 0 0 Funnel Cloud 9 $0 $0 0 0 Hail 7 $250 $0 0 0 Heavy Rain 11 $0 $0 0 0 High Wind 3 $2,000 $0 0 0 Hurricane(Typhoon) 9 $47,235,000 $0 1 2 Lightning 11 $71,000 $0 0 4 Rip Current 0 $0 $0 0 0 Storm Surge/Tide 17 $2,301,000 $0 1 1 Thunderstorm Wind 42 $144,150 $0 0 0 Tornado 24 $5,258,000 $0 0 0 Tropical Storm 9 $18,564,700 $0 2 2 Waterspout 122 $0 $0 0 0 Wildfire 1 0 1 $0 1 $0 1 0 1 0 Total: 1 299 1 $73,602,100 1 $0 4 9 Source: National Center for Environmental Information Storm Events Database,September 2019 Note: Losses reflect totals for all impacted areas for each event;Hurricane and Tropical Storm events are reported by zone,events for the same storm were combined for the counts above. The LMS working group also researched past events that resulted in a federal and/or state emergency or disaster declaration for Monroe County in order to identify significant hazards. Federal and/or state disaster declarations may be granted when the Governor certifies that the combined local, county and state resources are insufficient, and that the situation is beyond their recovery capabilities. When the local government's capacity has been surpassed, a state disaster declaration may be issued, allowing for the provision of state assistance. If the disaster is so severe that both the local and state government capacities are exceeded, a federal emergency or disaster declaration may be issued allowing for the provision of federal assistance. Records of designated counties for FEMA major disaster declarations start in 1964.Since then, Florida has been designated in 71 major disaster declarations, and Monroe County, has been designated in 23 major disaster declarations, as detailed in Table 4.3, and 11 emergency declarations, as detailed in Table 4.4. M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,l io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1102 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Table —FEMA Major Disaster Declarations, Monroe County Individual Total Individual Disaster Assistance and Households Total Public # Dec.Date Incident Type Event Title Applications Program Dollars Assistance Grant Dollars Obligated Approved Approved 4486 3/25/2020 Biological COVID-19 Pandemic -- -- $784,830.59* 4337 9/10/2017 Hurricane Hurricane Irma 774,691 $1,020,968,233.16 $1,825,881,275.84 4084 10/18/2012 Hurricane Hurricane Isaac -- -- $22,292,837.45 1785 8/24/2008 Tropical Storm Tropical Storm Fay 5,383 $19,216,129.55 $98,200,979.98 1609 10/24/2005 Hurricane Hurricane Wilma 227,320 $342,239,388.43 $1,491,325,871.49 1602 8/28/2005 Hurricane Hurricane Katrina -- -- $188,865,729.15 1595 7/10/2005 Hurricane Hurricane Dennis 21,150 $21,564,056.01 $197,902,127.28 1551 9/16/2004 Hurricane Hurricane Ivan 79,390 $164,517,307.53 $695,021,414.57 1545 9/4/2004 Hurricane Hurricane Frances 229,577 $411,815,685.98 $682,789,667.24 Severe Hurricane Charley 1539 8/13/2004 Storm(s) and Tropical Storm 116,769 $208,970,753.97 $611,396,718.48 Bonnie 1359 2/5/2001 Freeze Severe freeze -- -- -- 1345 10/4/2000 Severe Heavy rains and $288,481,152.48 Storm(s) flooding 1306 10/20/1999 Hurricane Hurricane Irene -- -- $106,261,560.28 1259 11/6/1998 Severe Tropical Storm Mitch -- -- $3,099,238.12 Storm(s) 1249 9/28/1998 Hurricane Hurricane Georges -- -- $112,018,620.58 1223 6/18/1998 Fire Extreme Fire Hazard -- -- -- Severe Severe Storms, high 1204 2/12/1998 Storm(s) Winds,Tornadoes, and Flooding Severe Tornadoes,flooding, 982 3/13/1993 Storm(s) high winds,tides, -- -- -- freezing 955 8/24/1992 Hurricane Hurricane Andrew -- -- -- 851 1/15/1990 Freeze Severe freeze -- -- -- 526 1/31/1977 Severe Severe winter - Storm(s) weather 337 6/23/1972 Coastal Storm Tropical Storm Agnes -- -- -- 209 9/14/1965 Hurricane Hurricane Betsy -- -- -- Source: FEMA Disaster Declarations Summary,June 2020 Note:Number of applications approved,and all dollar values represent totals for all counties included in disaster declaration. *At time of Plan Table —FEMA EmergencyDeclarations, Monroe County Disaster# Dec.Date Incident Type Event Title/Description 3533 08/01/2020 Hurricane Tropical Storm Isaias 3432 3/13/2020 Biological COVID-19 Pandemic 3419 8/31/2019 Hurricane Hurricane Dorian 3385 9/5/2017 Hurricane Hurricane Irma 3377 10/6/2016 Hurricane Hurricane Matthew 3293 9/7/2008 Hurricane Hurricane Ike 3288 8/21/2008 Tropical Storm Tropical Storm Fay 3259 9/20/2005 Tropical Storm Tropical Storm Rita 3220 9/5/2005 Hurricane Hurricane Katrina Evacuation Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Disaster# Dec.Date Incident Type Event Title/Description 3150 10/15/1999 Hurricane Hurricane Irene 3139 4/27/1999 Fire Fire Hazard 3131 09/24/1998 Hurricane Hurricane Georges 3079 5/6/1980 Human Caused Undocumented Aliens Source:FEMA Disaster Declarations Summary,June 2020 Monroe County also declared Local States of Emergency for Tropical Storm Laura (August 22, 2020) and Tropical Storm Eta (November 6, 2020). Using the above information and additional discussion, the LMS working group evaluated each hazard's significance to the planning area in order to decide which hazards to include in this plan update. Some hazard titles have been updated either to better encompass the full scope of a hazard or to assess closely related hazards together.Table 4.5 summaries the determination made for each hazard. Table . —Hazard EvaluationResults Hazard Included in this Explanation for Decision LMS update? Natural Hazards The 2015 Monroe County plan and 2018 State plan addressed this Flood Yes hazard.As a coastal county,over 99 percent of the county is within the 100-year-floodplain,and the county is also vulnerable to localized and stormwater flooding. Both the 2015 Monroe County plan and the 2018 State plan addressed Tropical Cyclones Yes Tropical Cyclones.Since 1965,the county has received 15 Major Disaster declarations from FEMA for Hurricanes/Tropical storms. Severe Storms The 2015 Monroe County plan profiled these hazards together.The and Tornadoes Yes County experienced 66 thunderstorm and tornado events causing over $5m in damages. The 2015 Monroe County plan as well as the 2018 State plan addressed Wildfire Yes this hazard.Although NCEI reports no wildfires in Monroe County,the State plan reports parts of mainland Monroe have moderate to high burn probability. The 2015 Monroe County LMS and the 2018 State Plan addressed this Coastal Erosion Yes hazard.The 2019 State Critically Eroded Beaches Report identified 14 critically eroded beaches in the middle and lower keys totally 13.7. miles. Drought as included in both the 2015 Monroe County LMS and the Drought Yes 2018 State Plan.Although NCEI only reports 9 instances of drought in the county,the LMS working group decided to include it in this plan update. Sea Level Rise and Climate Change were addressed in the 2015 Monroe Sea Level Rise and County LMS as well as the 2018 State plan. NOAA's Sea Level Rise Climate Change Yes Viewer shows the County will experience impacts from even just one foot of sea level rise. Extreme Heat Yes The 2015 Monroe County plan did not address this hazard,however the LMS working group decided to include it in this plan update. This hazard was not included in the 2015 Monroe County LMS. Sink Holes No According the 2018 State HMP, Monroe County has a low susceptibility to sinkholes,therefore the LMSWG chose to not include sinkholes in this plan update. i f:u°:iroe Couiruty,I io ida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1104 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Hazard Included in this Explanation for Decision LMS update? Winter storms and freezes were not included in the 2015 LMS. Winter Storms NO Although there have been some instances of low wind chill in the Keys, and Freeze the LMSWG noted that the Keys are generally not at risk to winter weather. Earthquake was not included as a hazard in the 2015 Monroe County LMS. Earthquakes are very rare in the State,the peak ground Earthquake No aocceleration (PGA)with a 10%probability of exceedance in 50 years is 0%gravity—the lowest potential for seismic ground shaking.As FEMA recommends earthquakes only be evaluated in areas with PGA of 3%or more,this hazard was excluded from the plan update. While there is some tsunami risk for low-elevation(less than 15 feet Tsunami No above mean high tide),they are extremely rare in the Florida Keys.The state HMP concludes the probability of future tsunamis is low. Dam and Levee The 2018 State Plan reported there were no high or significant hazard Failure NO dams in Monroe County. Technological Hazards Radiological This hazard was not included in the 2015 LMS. However, because of Incident Yes the County's proximity to the Turkey point Nuclear Generating Station, the LMSWG decided to include it in this update. Although this hazard was not included in the 2015 LMS,the LMSWG Cyber Attacks Yes determined that because of recent events,it should be included in this update. uu uol uiuuo ul uuu uu a uli luo lulu uuluul ulu Uuu uu uu uuiuiu ul uuuuuluull uul uu uuiuiu luuluuuuu uu uluu uuuul uuu uu uluu uulo uu«� luu lu uu luuui lul ulu uuu uu uuIuul uu«��lu lu»ulluui uuu ul lui lool I uo of loll I I IIII I I I II II li Il l o l I I l u I I I I I I III lill I I I IU I � IUU IIII I I l I I I I I I I I i I I tll I tU 1 I � � I I 1 k u u u u IIIIIIIuuIPuu�luuuu�llllllllllllllllllllll iui�lllulluu Iuuui�uullllui��I�uulllluu�uuui�uuui�uuuuuillluui�liuuo�uullluu�uu�luuuuulluulllluuiiui�����iui�lluu�uu iuuuuiil��uu����uullllluu Illuuuio��uuuuull�Iluuuio��uuuuulllluuuuo��Illluuuu����luu�IIIIIII�iuillllillliui�Illluu��uuuiuo����uulllluuouuui�uuui�llluuuol�lllui�lluu�uu uuIIII����lui���Plui�lllluuuio��uu�lllluu�luuuo����������������������������� The Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 requires that the LMS working group evaluate the risks associated with each of the hazards identified in the planning process. Each hazard was evaluated to determine its probability of future occurrence and potential impact.A vulnerability assessment was conducted for each hazard using either quantitative or qualitative methods depending on the available data,to determine its potential to cause significant human and/or monetary losses.A consequence analysis was also completed for each hazard. Each hazard is profiled in the following format: Hazard Description This section provides a description of the hazard, including discussion of its speed of onset and duration, as well as any secondary effects followed by details specific to the Monroe County planning area. Location This section includes information on the hazard's physical extent, with mapped boundaries where applicable. Extent This section includes information on the hazard extent in terms of magnitude and describes how the severity of the hazard can be measured. Where available, the most severe event on record is used as a frame of reference. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1105 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Historical Occurrences This section contains information on historical events, including the location and consequences of known past events on record within or near the Monroe County planning area. Probability of Future Occurrence This section gauges the likelihood of future occurrences based on past events and existing data. The frequency is determined by dividing the number of events observed by the number of years on record and multiplying by 100. This provides the percent chance of the event happening in any given year according to historical occurrence (e.g. 10 winter storm events over a 30-year period equates to a 33 percent chance of experiencing a severe winter storm in any given year). The likelihood of future occurrences is categorized into one of the classifications as follows: Highly Likely—Near or more than 100 percent chance of occurrence within the next year Likely— Between 10 and 100 percent chance of occurrence within the next year (recurrence interval of 10 years or less) Possible — Between 1 and 10 percent chance of occurrence within the next year (recurrence interval of 11 to 100 years) Unlikely—Less than 1 percent chance or occurrence within the next 100 years(recurrence interval of greater than every 100 years) Climate Change Where applicable,this section discusses how climate change may or may not influence the risk posed by the hazard on the planning area in the future. Vulnerability Assessment This section quantifies, to the extent feasible using best available data, assets at risk to natural hazards and potential loss estimates. People, properties and critical facilities, and environmental assets that are vulnerable to the hazard are identified. Future development is also discussed in this section, including how exposure to the hazard may change in the future or how development may affect hazard risk. The vulnerability assessments followed the methodology described in the FEMA publication Understanding Your Risks—Identifying Hazards and Estimating Losses (August 2001). The vulnerability assessment first describes the total vulnerability and values at risk and then discusses vulnerability by hazard. Data used to support this assessment included the following: Geographic Information System (GIS) datasets, including building footprints, topography, aerial photography, and transportation layers; Hazard layer GIS datasets from state and federal agencies; Written descriptions of inventory and risks provided by the 2018 Florida Enhanced State Hazard Mitigation Plan; Written descriptions of inventory and risks provided by the 2015 Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy and other relevant documents including the 2019 Critically Eroded Beaches Report and the Regional Climate Action Plan; Exposure and vulnerability estimates derived using local parcel and building data; and Crop insurance claims by cause from USDA's Risk Management Agency. Two distinct risk assessment methodologies were used in the formation of the vulnerability assessment. The first consists of a quantitative analysis that relies upon best available data and technology,while the second approach consists of a qualitative analysis that relies on local knowledge and rational decision M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1106 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT making. The quantitative analysis involved the use of FEMA's Hazus-MH, a nationally applicable standardized set of models for estimating potential losses from earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes. Hazus uses a statistical approach and mathematical modeling of risk to predict a hazard's frequency of occurrence and estimated impacts based on recorded or historic damage information. The Hazus risk assessment methodology is parametric, in that distinct hazard and inventory parameters—such as wind speed and building type—were modeled using the Hazus software to determine the impact on the built environment. Monroe County's GIS-based risk assessment was completed using data collected from local, regional and national sources that included Monroe County, Florida DEM, and FEMA. Vulnerability can be quantified in those instances where there is a known, identified hazard area,such as a mapped floodplain. In these instances, the numbers and types of buildings subject to the identified hazard can be counted and their values tabulated. Other information can be collected regarding the hazard area,such as the location of critical facilities,historic structures,and valued natural resources(e.g., an identified wetland or endangered species habitat). Together,this information conveys the vulnerability of that area to that hazard. Priority Risk Index The conclusions drawn from the hazard profiling and vulnerability assessment process can be used to prioritize all potential hazards to the Monroe County planning area. The Priority Risk Index (PRI) was applied for this purpose because it provides a standardized numerical value so that hazards can be compared against one another (the higher the PRI value, the greater the hazard risk). PRI values are obtained by assigning varying degrees of riskto five categories for each hazard(probability,impact,spatial extent, warning time, and duration). Each degree of risk was assigned a value (1 to 4) and a weighting factor as summarized in Table 4.6. PRI ratings by category for the planning area as a whole are provided throughout each hazard profile. Ratings specific to each jurisdiction are provided at the end of each hazard profile. The results of the risk assessment and overall PRI scoring are provided in Section 4.6 Conclusions on Hazard Risk. M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1107 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Table —Priority RiskIndex I Ill II h�0 6 I I I U II iiiii��iiiiiii�iiiil��iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii��iiiiiii� 111 UNLIKELY LESS THAN 1%ANNUAL PROBABILITY 1 PROBABILITY What is the likelihood of POSSIBLE BETWEEN 1&10%ANNUAL PROBABILITY 2 30% a hazard event occurring in a given year? LIKELY BETWEEN 10&100%ANNUAL PROBABILITY 3 HIGHLY LIKELY 100%ANNUAL PROBABILTY 4 VERY FEW INJURIES,IF ANY.ONLY MINOR PROPERTY MINOR DAMAGE&MINIMAL DISRUPTION ON QUALITY OF LIFE. 1 TEMPORARY SHUTDOWN OF CRITICAL FACILITIES. IMPACT MINOR INJURIES ONLY.MORE THAN 10%OF PROPERTY IN In terms of injuries, LIMITED AFFECTED AREA DAMAGED OR DESTROYED.COMPLETE 2 damage,or death,would SHUTDOWN OF CRITICAL FACILITIES FOR>1 DAY you anticipate impacts to be minor,limited, MULTIPLE DEATHS/INJURIES POSSIBLE. 30% critical,or catastrophic MORE THAN 25%OF PROPERTY IN AFFECTED AREA when a significant CRITICAL DAMAGED OR DESTROYED.COMPLETE SHUTDOWN OF 3 hazard event occurs? CRITICAL FACILITIES FOR>1 WEEK. HIGH NUMBER OF DEATHS/INJURIES POSSIBLE.MORE CATASTROPHIC THAN 50%OF PROPERTY IN AFFECTED AREA DAMAGED OR 4 DESTROYED.COMPLETE SHUTDOWN OF CRITICAL FACILITIES>30 DAYS. SPATIAL EXTENT NEGLIGIBLE LESS THAN 1%OF AREA AFFECTED 1 How large of an area SMALL BETWEEN 1&10%OF AREA AFFECTED 2 could be impacted by a 20% hazard event? Are MODERATE BETWEEN 10&50%OF AREA AFFECTED 3 impacts localized or regional? LARGE BETWEEN 50&100%OF AREA AFFECTED 4 MORE THAN 24 HRS SELF DEFINED 1 WARNING TIME Is there usually some 12 TO 24 HRS SELF DEFINED 2 lead time associated 10% with the hazard event? 6 TO 12 HRS SELF DEFINED 3 Have warning measures been implemented? LESS THAN 6 HRS SELF DEFINED 4 LESS THAN 6 HRS SELF DEFINED 1 DURATION LESS THAN 24 HRS SELF DEFINED 2 How long does the 10% hazard event usually LESS THAN 1 WEEK SELF DEFINED 3 last? MORE THAN 1 WEEK SELF DEFINED 4 The sum of all five risk assessment categories equals the final PRI value, demonstrated in the equation below(the highest possible PRI value is 4.0). PRI=[( ILI . )+(IMPACT x.30)+( TI L EXTENT x.20)+( I TIME .1 )+(DURATION xA0)] The purpose of the PRI is to categorize and prioritize all potential hazards for the Monroe County planning area as high,moderate,or low risk.The summary hazard classifications generated using the PRI allows for the prioritization of those high and moderate hazard risks for mitigation planning purposes. Mitigation actions are not necessarily developed for hazards identified as low risk through this process. M.o:°a oe C:::tu Iiu t ,I im uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1108 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT uu ilia uu uiiii uuii uuuiui uuuuuu ui ui uuuu uiuuuuu ui uuuuiiiuuii uuu iiiiiiiii ui iii I I lU I I I A I I u An inventory of assets within Monroe County was compiled to identify those structures potentially at risk to the identified hazards and assess the level of vulnerability. Assets include elements such as buildings, property, business/industry goods, and civil infrastructure. Building footprint, foundation type, and building value data were provided by Monroe County. By identifying the type and number of assets that exist and where they are in relation to known hazard areas, the relative risk and vulnerability for such assets can be assessed. 4.4.1 Building Exposure The properties identified to be at risk include all improved properties in Monroe County and its incorporated jurisdictions according to parcel and building footprint data provided by Monroe County. The information is provided in Table 4.7. Table . —Monroe County Building ExposureJurisdiction cc c Occupancy Estimated Structure Value Estimated Content Total Value Parcel Count Value Islamorada 4,847 $1,712,402,813 $931,139,584 $2,643,542,397 Commercial 152 $64,347,527 $64,347,527 $128,695,054 Education 5 $49,660,768 $49,660,768 $99,321,536 Government 9 $16,637,071 $16,637,071 $33,274,142 Industrial 13 $5,115,267 $7,672,901 $12,788,168 Religious 9 $9,000,455 $9,000,455 $18,000,910 Residential 4,659 $1,567,641,725 $783,820,863 $2,351,462,588 Key Colony Beach 1,372 $422,088,929 $213,951,229 $636,040,158 Commercial 5 $3,729,133 $3,729,133 $7,458,266 Education 0 $0 $0 $0 Government 4 $2,084,395 $2,084,395 $4,168,790 Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 Religious 0 $0 $0 $0 Residential 1,363 $416,275,401 $208,137,701 $624,413,102 Key West 7,233 $3,559,316,371 $2,084,710,853 $5,644,027,224 Commercial 491 $280,732,579 $282,682,192 $563,414,771 Education 14 $84,668,594 $84,668,594 $169,337,188 Government 63 $214,444,724 $214,444,724 $428,889,448 Industrial 4 $5,532,401 $8,298,602 $13,831,003 Religious 22 $15,295,410 $15,295,410 $30,590,820 Residential 6,639 $2,958,642,663 $1,479,321,332 $4,437,963,995 Layton 153 $36,107,136 $19,623,111 $55,730,247 Commercial 4 $1,249,538 $1,249,538 $2,499,076 Education 0 $0 $0 $0 Government 4 $1,491,996 $1,491,996 $2,983,992 Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 Religious 2 $397,551 $397,551 $795,102 Residential 143 $32,968,051 $16,484,026 $49,452,077 Marathon 5,477 $2,570,098,686 $933,482,095 $20503,580,781 Commercial 514 $147,882,732 $147,882,732 $295,765,464 Education 14 $51,635,976 $51,635,976 $103,271,952 Government 38 $64,209,697 $64,209,697 $128,419,394 Industrial 43 $10,727,374 $16,091,061 $26,818,435 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1109 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Occupancy Estimated Structure Value Estimated Content Total Value Parcel Count Value Religious 22 $11,682,350 $11,682,350 $23,364,700 Residential 4,846 $1,283,960,557 $641,980,279 $1,925,940,836 Unincorporated Monroe County 22,097 $6,662,285,676 $3,597,445,125 $10,259,730,801 Commercial 1,299 $313,260,751 $313,260,751 $626,521,502 Education 17 $71,603,071 $71,603,071 $143,206,142 Government 124 $46,430,301 $46,430,301 $92,860,602 Industrial 92 $41,135,484 $61,703,226 $102,838,710 Religious 25 $19,039,483 $19,039,483 $38,078,966 Residential 20,540 $6,170,816,586 $3,085,408,293 $9,256,224,879 Countywide Totals 41,179 $13,962,299,611.00 $7,780,351,995.00 $21,742,651,606.00 Commercial 2,465 $811,202,260.00 $813,151,872.50 $1,624,354,132.50 Education 50 $257,568,409.00 $257,568,409.00 $515,136,818.00 Government 242 $345,298,184.00 $345,298,184.00 $690,596,368.00 Industrial 152 $62,510,526.00 $93,765,789.00 $156,276,315.00 Religious 80 $55,415,249.00 $55,415,249.00 $110,830,498.00 Residential 38,190 $12,430,304,983.00 $6,215,152,491.50 $18,645,457,474.50 Source:Monroe County parcel data,2020 Note: In this exposure table, utilities are included in the Government category. However, parcels without a building cost were excluded— therefore,parcels with small utilities may not be included in the above count). Note: Content value estimations are generally based on the FEMA Hazus methodology of estimating value as a percent of improved structure values by property type. The residential property type assumes a content replacement value equal to 50% of the building value. Agricultural and commercial property types assume a content replacement value equal to 100% of the building value. The industrial property type assumes a content replacement value equal to 150%of the building value. 4.4.2 Critical Facilities and Infrastructure Exposure Of significant concern with respect to any disaster event is the location of critical facilities and infrastructure in the planning area. Critical facilities are often defined as those essential services and lifelines that, if damaged during an emergency event, would result in severe consequences to public health,safety,and welfare.Critical facility information is regularly updated by the County.Critical facilities and infrastructure in Monroe County are listed by type in Table 4.8. A detailed list of critical facilities is provided in each jurisdictional annex. These facilities were identified and verified by the LMS working group. Table —Critical Facilities and Infrastructure in MonroeCounty 0 a u d 0 O E 00 L _+ M W W W L O a, O c 3 3 Jurisdiction a U UJ LL C7 2 2 a Unincorporated 2 6 36 6 25 8 5 2 1 2 2 2 2 7 106 Monroe County City of Key Colony - 1 - - - - Beach City of Key West 1 - 15 - 7 2 8 2 2 4 3 6 1 5 56 V bruir e Coturu ty,l iol uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1110 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT c (n O a U d E L L m w O 4J L E w Vf > mC C� Y O W) Jurisdiction .4U W W W LL (7 m m C a V1 3 3 H City of Layton - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 2 City of Marathon 1 - 9 1 1 3 10 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 35 Village of Islamorada - - 6 - 7 1 1 - - 1 - - - 1 17 Countywide Total 4 6 67 7 12 15 24 5 4 8 7 9 4 17 217 Source:Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT uu iuiiiiu ������ iiii iuiuuii iui uuiui uiuui uuui iuuiu uiuu uuuui iu uu iuiuui iuu ilia iii iiii iiii ui iiu���`�u>>ui uuu uu ui uu uuuui ui ui ui ui iii uu iui uuuuu uuuui uu uiuui ui ui iuiuiiiuuiuuii ui I I I I I I u I U u I lu I I I I VU I U ll 1 1A I I (1111 l Y IIII m u IIIIIIIuidPuu�luiiuui�������������������������uu�IlYmlui�lUuuuuuuuuui�lUilllUui�Iluiuuuuuu�����uidlll��uu�IluilUlUuuuioU�uu�llll�ui iuuuu�uuuuuUllluui����uillllUlllduu�Illuu�uillllUillUuuuui���uuiIllluiiiiu�ui uuuio�������uulllllullUlu�IlUuuiuuuuuu������Iluuu�UuuuioiUl�uuuui�ui�Illuu��uuuuu�ui�Iluu�u�lUilllUuuuuu�uu`uuuui�ui�����ui��mu���������������������������� 4.5.1 Flood Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Extent Warning Time Duration PRI Score Flood Highly Likely Critical Large 6 to 12 hours Less than 1 week Hazard Description Flooding is defined by the rising and overflowing of water onto normally dry land. As defined by FEMA,a flood is a general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of two or more acres of normally dry land area or of two or more properties. Flooding can result from an overflow of inland waters or an unusual accumulation or runoff of surface waters from any source. Flooding is the most frequent and costly of all natural hazards in the United States and has caused more than 10,000 deaths since 1900.Approximately 90 percent of presidentially declared disasters result from flood-related natural hazard events. Taken as a whole, more frequent, localized flooding problems that do not meet federal disaster declaration thresholds ultimately cause most damages across the United States. Sources and Types of Flooding Per the 2005 Flood Insurance Study (FIS), flooding results mainly from storm surge flooding in the areas of the county bordering the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico when tidal surges,wave action, and heavy rainfall combine. The general topography of Monroe County is extremely flat, with natural elevations of 4 to 7 feet above mean sea level.Shallow slopes and the generally low-lying nature of the keys makes the County vulnerable to flooding during coastal events and heavy rains. Some rainfall in the area runs off into the surrounding seas and other rainfall that is caught in closed basins can drain relatively quickly into underlying coral rock and limestone soils that have high infiltration rates. However,there are still instances of rainfall flooding that does not runoff or drain quickly, causing water to accumulate in ponded areas. Additionally, there are approximately 170 miles of canals in the Florida Keys.Mismanagement and improper cleaning of these canals also causes flooding from heavy rains, hurricanes, and tidal systems. Coastal Tidal Flooding:All lands bordering the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts are susceptible to tidal effects and flooding. Coastal land such as sand bars, barrier islands and deltas provide a buffer zone to help protect human life and real property relative to the sea much as flood plains provide a buffer zone along rivers and other bodies of water. Coastal floods usually occur because of abnormally high tides or tidal waves, storm surge and heavy rains in combination with high tides,tropical storms and hurricanes. Shallow Ponding: Because much of the County is flat, whatever rainfall doesn't flow from an area tends to pond and percolate into the ground, causing water tables to rise during the wet season and periods of extended rainfall and reducing the capacity for soil storage and infiltration. Other forms of flooding in the county might include: Flash or Rapid Flooding: A flash flood occurs when water levels rise at an extremely fast rate as a result of intense rainfall over a brief period, possibly from slow-moving intense thunderstorms and sometimes combined with saturated soil,or impermeable surfaces. Flash flooding can happen in Special Flood Hazard Areas(SFHAs) as delineated by the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP)and can also happen in areas not associated with floodplains. Flash flood hazards caused by surface water runoff are most common in Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1112 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT urbanized areas, where greater population density generally equates to more impervious surface (e.g., pavement and buildings)which increases the amount of surface water generated. Flash flooding is a dangerous form of flooding which can reach full peak in only a few minutes. Rapid onset allows little or no time for protective measures. Flash flood waters move at very fast speeds and can move boulders, tear out trees, scour channels, destroy buildings, and obliterate bridges. Flash flooding can result in higher loss of life, both human and animal,than slower developing river and stream flooding. Localized/Stormwater Flooding: Localized stormwater flooding can occur in Monroe County. Localized stormwater flooding occurs when heavy rainfall and an accumulation of runoff overburden the stormwater drainage system. The cause of localized stormwater flooding in Monroe County can be attributed to its generally flat topography, among other factors. Localized flooding may be caused by the following issues: Inadequate Capacity—An undersized/under capacity pipe system can cause water to back-up behind a structure which can lead to areas of ponded water and/or overtopping of banks. Clogged Inlets—Debris covering the asphalt apron and the top of grate at catch basin inlets may contribute to an inadequate flow of stormwater into the system. Debris within the basin itself may also reduce the efficiency of the system by reducing the carrying capacity. Blocked Drainage Outfalls—Debris blockage or structural damage at drainage outfalls may prevent the system from discharging runoff,which may lead to a back-up of stormwater within the system. Improper Grade—Poorly graded asphalt around catch basin inlets may prevent stormwater from entering the catch basin as designed. Areas of settled asphalt may create low spots within the roadway that allow for areas of ponded water. While localized flooding may not be as destructive as coastal flooding, it is a chronic problem. The repetitive damage caused by such flooding can add up.Sewers may back up,yards can be inundated,and homes, businesses and vehicles can be flooded. Drainage and sewer systems not designed to carry the capacity currently needed to handle increased storm runoff can cause water to back into basements and damage mechanical systems.These impacts,and other localized flooding impacts,can create public health and safety concerns. In addition to these different types of flooding,flooding in Monroe County is a factor of the amount and timing of rainfall and the tide cycle elevation.The amount of rainfall occurring in March would not have the same flooding effect if the same amount occurred in September. During the dry season, the water table elevation typically drops to several feet below natural ground elevations. This allows for larger storage volume in the soil, lakes, canals, ditches, and swales. During the wet season, however,the water table elevation is often near the natural ground surface, lakes are filled, and ditches are flowing. The rainfall added to such conditions creates more stormwater runoff. Flooding and Floodplains In coastal areas,flooding occurs due to high tides,tidal waves,storm surge,or heavy rains. In these areas, flood hazards typically include the added risk of wave action delineated by the VE Zone and Coastal AE Zone. Wave height and intensity decreases as floodwaters move inland. Figure 4.1 shows the typical coastal floodplain and the breakdown of flood zones in these settings. These flood zones are discussed further in Table 4.9 M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure . —Characteristics of a Coastal Floodplain U Lv" °l D.,]� ........ .................. ...... ... _�--�. w... ww.. ._....._ 'tavo height;a 3 feet 'Wave dtmmdight 3,01-14,feet Wave tawladgdad dmmmz:! Limit dad ;PE Road ddavr I.,00 Propa dyMewd w bullydhg base hum..,mtharm77 dr m rara^�r,mmdd t and Waves ey y a. aw qauu , ,~ydmas.mrdamvaaCwraru u _See . ,., la.+aaal .iUo0 waded budding rAmsirmtod ibrmforo community wtwod Oh o NFIP �7 T T T Shom fine Sandi tauaaadi Saul�Mngs ovedand dm"msgartpatxaa, Lt mdd at SFHA mwatwadi fetch r+amon Source:FEMA In its common usage, the floodplain most often refers to that area that is inundated by the "100-year flood,"which is the flood that has a 1 percent chance in any given year of being equaled or exceeded. The 500-year flood is the flood that has a 0.2 percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year. The potential for flooding can change and increase through various land use changes and changes to land surface,which result in a change to the floodplain. A change in environment can create localized flooding problems inside and outside of natural floodplains by altering or confining natural drainage channels. These changes are most often created by human activity. The 1-percent-annual-chance flood, which is the minimum standard used by most federal and state agencies, is used by the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) as the standard for floodplain management and to determine the need for flood insurance. Participation in the NFIP requires adoption and enforcement of a local floodplain management ordinance which is intended to prevent unsafe development in the floodplain, thereby reducing future flood damages. Participation in the NFIP allows for the federal government to make flood insurance available within the community as a financial protection against flood losses. Since floods have an annual probability of occurrence, have a known magnitude, depth and velocity for each event, and in most cases, have a map indicating where they will likely occur,they are in many ways often the most predictable and manageable hazard. Warning Time:3—6 to 12 hours Duration:3—Less than 1 week Location Figure 4.2 reflects the effective mapped flood insurance zones for Monroe County. Maps for each participating jurisdiction are provided in the jurisdictional annexes. N tt°tu oe Culiatu ti tty,i iot uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1114 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure —FEMA Floodr r in Monroe Braaward Collier " Miami-Dade i I a rI a r uN . A µ Islamorada Marathon ?;� Layton � r Key Colony Beach aw,✓'�, a. III ., �➢ii"„ ' c Key West 0 7.5 15 22.5 30 Legend mHes ^r,,,a Highways 10 Zane AE(100 yr) �z Map Crested By:GM5 t � Mormon County Zone WE(100 yr) Date Creatzd_3J31/2020 S.ur4es�F1.,,FF.MA,M.,n- r. Municipalities 4 jjj1)'Zone AC(100 yr) WoOd Zomae X Shaded(900 yr) Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM Q 111°li l e CI;:EtR lI ltVia,f of Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1115 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Further,the LMS Working Group and the previous LMS plan identified the following areas more vulnerable to coastal flooding and/or pooling of rainfall flooding from heavy rains. Locations along Highway: • MM 109 in the Upper Keys. • MM 106, Lake Surprise Area;vulnerable to the effects of wind driven wave run-up from E/NE and W/SW directions; heavy rainfall results in ponding. • MM 111,the exposed beach area along the 17-mile stretch bordering Barnes Sound, experiences wave runup or"piling"with strong E and NE winds. • MM 113, the Point Laura Marina Area, borders Barnes Sound and is susceptible to strong E and NE winds. • MM 73.5-74.5, the Lower Matecumbe area known as "Sea Oats Beach," vulnerable to NE/E/SE wind driven wave run-up. • MM 30-32, Big Pine Key; the area north of the Big Pine Plaza Shopping Center encompassing Wilder Road and Key Deer Boulevard, while not normally vulnerable to storm surge effects, experience rainfall ponding. • MM 9-10, Big Coppitt Key, Bayside, experience wind-generated wave run-up. These areas of repetitive flooding may impact evacuation routes during an extended rainfall or wind- driven flood event. Spatial Extent: 4—Large Extent Flood extent can be defined by the amount of land in the floodplain and the potential magnitude of flooding as measured by flood height and velocity. Regulated floodplains are illustrated on inundation maps called Flood Insurance Rate Maps(FIRMs). It is the official map for a community on which FEMA has delineated both the Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHAs) and the risk premium zones applicable to the community. SFHAs represent the areas subject to inundation by the 1-percent-annual-chance flood event. Structures located within the SFHA have a 26- percent chance of flooding during the life of a standard 30-year mortgage. Flood prone areas were identified within Monroe County using the Effective FIRMs, dated February 18, 2005. Table 4.9 summarizes the flood insurance zones identified by the Digital FIRM (DFIRM). Table —Mapped FloodInsurance Zones within MonroeCounty Zone Description Also known as the coastal high hazard areas. They are areas subject to high velocity water including waves;they are defined by the 1%annual chance(base)flood limits(also known as the VE 100-year flood) and wave effects 3 feet or greater.The hazard zone is mapped with base flood elevations (BFEs) that reflect the combined influence of stillwater flood elevations, primary frontal dunes,and wave effects 3 feet or greater. AE Zones, also within the 100-year flood limits,are defined with BFEs that reflect the combined influence of stillwater flood elevations and wave effects less than 3 feet.The AE Zone generally extends from the landward VE zone limit to the limits of the 100-year flood from coastal sources, or until it reaches the confluence with riverine flood sources.The AE Zones also depict the SFHA AE due to riverine flood sources, but instead of being subdivided into separate zones of differing BFEs with possible wave effects added,they represent the flood profile determined by hydrologic and hydraulic investigations and have no wave effects.The Coastal AE Zone is differentiated from the AE Zone by the Limit of Moderate Wave Action (LiMWA) and includes areas susceptible to wave action between 1.5 to 3 feet. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1116 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Zone Description Areas subject to inundation by 1-percent-annual-chance shallow flooding(usually sheet flow on AO sloping terrain)where average depths are between one and three feet.Average flood depths derived from detailed hydraulic analyses are shown in this zone. Mandatory flood insurance purchase requirements and floodplain management standards apply. Moderate risk areas within the 0.2-percent-annual-chance floodplain,areas of 1-percent- 0.2%Annual annual-chance flooding where average depths are less than 1 foot,areas of 1-percent-annual- Chance(shaded chance flooding where the contributing drainage area is less than 1 square mile,and areas Zone X) protected from the 1-percent-annual-chance flood by a levee. No BFEs or base flood depths are shown within these zones. (Zone X(shaded)is used on new and revised maps in place of Zone B.) Zone X Minimal risk areas outside the 1-percent and .2-percent-annual-chance floodplains. No BFEs or (Unshaded) base flood depths are shown within these zones.Zone X(unshaded)is used on new and revised maps in place of Zone C. Per this assessment,approximately 70 percent of Monroe County falls within the SFHA,an additional 29.9 percent of the County area is open water.Therefore, effectively 99 percent of the county's land area (not classified as open water) is within the SFHA.Table 4.10 provides a summary of the County's total area by flood zone on the 2012 effective DFIRM and a comparison to flood zone acreage on the preliminary DFIRM (released in December 2019). Changes from the effective DFIRM include over 53,000 acres of land no longer in the AE zone, over 44,000 acres now classified in the A zone,which was previously not included in the County's flood maps,and over 10,000 acres now classified as VE.Additionally,the preliminary maps represent an 80% increase in acreage in the 0.2% annual chance flood zone. Figure 4.3 shows the depth of flooding predicted from a 1%annual chance flood.Details on individual jurisdiction's flood zone acreage are available in the jurisdictional annexes. Table . -Flood Zone Acreage in MonroeCounty Effective DFIRM(2012) Preliminary DFIRM(2019) Flood Zone Percent of Percent of Change from Acreage Total(%) Acreage Total(%) Effective(acres) A 0 0% 44,705.9 2.8% 44,705.9 AE 635,332.7 39.7% 581,490.9 36.3% -53,841.9 VE 484,229.4 30.3% 494,451.6 30.9% 10,222.2 AO 4.2 0.0% 19.1 0.0% 14.9 0.2%Annual Chance 1,190.8 0.1% 2,150.6 0.1% 959.8 Flood Hazard Unshaded X 1,491.9 0.1% 883.5 0.1% -608.4 Open Water 477,840.1 29.9% 477,399.9 29.8% -440.2 Total 1,600,089.1 -- 1,601,101.5 -- 1,012.3 SFHA Total 1,119,566.3 70.0% 1,120,667.5 70.0% 1,101.2 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM Note:The differences between the effective FIRM and the preliminary FIRM are significant will likely still change.These details are provided here only as a comparison-all further flood analysis is based in the 2012 Effective DFIRM. M.or'NIIoe Court,1�1.o Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1117 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure —Flood Depth, 100-Year Floodplain, Monroe Braward Coll'iev li PW7i iana'l-Dade 9 Mann°'oe I I ry 4 try Islamorada 1 V r Marathon � Layton y 1 tilr r� 40ye Key Colony �� - Beach Key West 6 75 15 22.5 30 Legend Miles 0"SV Highways 100 Year Depth (ft) Map Created By:GMS el?Mun'reipalltles < b.ft Dace Created:411712020 MINA I-3 ft It, roes:CsJ FFMA, 2Monroe County 3-5 ft .SGS 5WFwML7 Monroe W00d. Comity,FL '>5 ft IV Counties Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM M.mlNllfde CotR�IV ty,f m Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1118 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT The NFIP utilizes the 1-percent-annual-chance flood as a basis for floodplain management. The Flood Insurance Study(FIS)defines the probability of flooding as flood events of a magnitude which are expected to be equaled or exceeded once on the average during any 100-year period (recurrence intervals). Considered another way, properties in a 100-year flood zone have a one percent probability of flooding during any given year. Mortgage lenders require that owners of properties with federally-backed mortgages located within SFHAs purchase and maintain flood insurance policies on their properties. Consequently, newer and recently purchased properties in the community are typically insured against flooding. Impact: 3—Critical Historical Occurrences Table 4.11 details the historical occurrences of flooding identified from 2000 through 2019 by NCEI Storm Events database. It should be noted that only those historical occurrences listed in the NCEI database are shown here and that other,unrecorded or unreported events may have occurred within the planning area during this timeframe. Further, while storm surge events are the dominant cause of flooding in the County,they will be considered and detailed in the Hurricanes&Tropical Storms Section (4.5.2). Table 4.11—NCEI Records of Flooding,2000-2019 Type Event Count Deaths/Injuries Reported Property Damage Coastal Flood 10 0/0 $0 Flood 16 0/0 $26,000 Heavy Rain 11 0/0 $0 Total 37 0/0 $26,000 Source: NCEI According to NCEI, 37 recorded flood events affected the planning area from 2000 to 2019 causing an estimated $26,000 in property damage, with no fatalities, injuries, or crop damage. Note that damage numbers reported here are only those reported by NCEI, which does not include insurance damage estimates; actual damages due to flood in County are likely higher. Table 4.12 provides a summary of this historical information by location. It is important to note that many of the events attributed to a zone may include incorporated and unincorporated areas. Similarly,though some events have a starting location identified, the event may have covered a larger area including multiple jurisdictions.Still,this list provides an indication of areas that may be particularly flood prone. Table . —Summary of Historical Flood OccurrencesLoci2000-2019 Location Event Count Deaths/Injuries Property Damage Key West 8 0/0 $16,000 Marathon 1 0/0 $0 Islamorada 1 0/0 $10,000 Monroe County Unincorporated Areas Big Coppitt Key 1 0/0 $0 Big Pine Key 1 0/0 $0 Duck Key 1 0/0 $0 Key Largo 3 0/0 $0 Long Key 2 0/0 $0 Rock Harbor 1 0/0 $0 Stock Island 8 0/0 $0 Nftrtiroe C:::tu rtty,i Io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1119 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Upper Keys 6 0/0 $0 Middle Keys 1 0/0 $0 Lower Keys 3 0/0 $0 Total 37 0/0 $26,000 Source: NCEI To supplement the data from NCEI,the following table summarizes the number and dollar value of NFIP claims paid in Monroe County by year. Note that these claims also include those made for flooding due to hurricanes. Table . —NFIP ClaimsYear, Monroe County Year Number of Claims Total Value of Claims 2000 13 $19,457.50 2001 19 $102,530.87 2002 3 $1,740.23 2003 3 $5,607.32 2004 22 $66,398.21 2005 4,909 $127,409,220.70 2006 6 $850.58 2007 1 $0 2008 12 $24,962.48 2009 3 $30,385.07 2010 4 $6,974.64 2011 10 $47,102.73 2012 15 $46,129.99 2013 1 $0 2014 2 $10,913.53 2015 6 $15,577.20 2016 2 $0 2017 4,564 $117,602,619.60 2018 5 $0 2019 4 $4,025.38 Total 9,604 $245,394,495.47 Source:NFIP Claims Data The following event narratives are provided in the NCEI Storm Events Database and illustrate the impacts of flood events on the county: February 12, 2007 — A line of thunderstorms developed along a developing warm front in the Florida Straits.Several thunderstorm cells tracked northeast across Duck Key and Long Key,producing very heavy rainfall and minor flooding.A Long Key State Park,5.38 inches of rain were observed in two hours,with a final storm total rainfall of 9 inches.State Park Rangers reported 6 campsites were washed out and a park road was flooded.There were also reports of a flooded parking lot at the Layton Post Office.5.6 inches of rain were reported in Duck Key. August 18,2008—Tropical Storm Fay moved through the Lower Florida Keys during the evening of August 18, 2008, producing tropical storm force winds and heavy rainfall. Rainfall produced widespread street flooding in Key West. This flooding caused a small section of the tarmac at the Key West international airport to collapse. In total, rainfall amount of 3.5 to 4.0 inches were reported in the Key West area, up to Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1120 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT 7.27 inches in Marathon, and 7.05 inches in Ramrod Key, resulting in temporary street and low area flooding. September 29, 2010 - Thunderstorms focused along a convergence zone indirectly related to Tropical Storm Nicole produced heavy rainfall and extensive street flooding over Lower and Upper Matecumbe Keys within the Village of Islamorada. Water entered one home on Lower Matecumbe Key, causing one family to be temporarily displaced. October 17,2011—Persistent showers and thunderstorms moved across the extreme Lower Florida Keys due to lower pressure over the Yucatan Peninsula.Street flooding of 3 to 4 feet deep was reported at the corners of White and Eaton Streets and Caroline and Margaret Streets in Old Town Key West, as well as at Donald and 20th Streets in New Town Key West. Several cars were stranded due to street flooding along South Roosevelt Boulevard between the Overseas Highway and Flagler Avenue, as well as near 1st Street and North Roosevelt Boulevard. Isolated low elevation home flooding was observed in Mid Town Key West along Fogarty Avenue. October 19,2011-A low pressure system in the eastern Gulf of Mexico assisted in the formation of three separate squall lines,which moved east through the Florida Keys and surrounding coastal waters from the evening of October 18th through morning of October 19th. Widespread gale-force wind gusts and street flooding occurred across the Lower and Middle Florida Keys, along with a damaging waterspout across the Anchorage at Key West Harbor. Flooding was observed at Sigsbee Park at Dredgers Key in Key West, as well as up to three feet deep at the Stadium Apartments in New Town Key West.Flooding of side streets up to two feet was observed in Marathon. May 2,2013—Thunderstorms developed in cyclic fashion over Key West and adjacent nearshore waters over a duration of three hours, producing widespread street flooding and flooding to businesses along the lower elevations of Key West. Flooding was reported in the Old Town Historic District of Key West, including up to two feet of flood depth at the corner of Front and Simonton Streets, at Duval and Greene Streets, and at the corner of White and Eaton Streets and up to three feet in depth at Duval and Front Streets. Up to 7 inches of rain was measured at the Key West Wastewater Treatment Plant on the south end of Fleming Key. Several businesses had water inundation to around 6 inches in depth. Significant flooding was observed on Patterson Street in Mid-Town Key West, causing a commercial-sized dumpster to float down the street. Further flooding included inundation of two and a half feet along Thompson and George Streets, and up to one foot in depth at the corner of Jose Marti Drive and North Roosevelt Boulevard.A retention and floodwater staging pond overflowed due to blocked drainage culverts leading to the Gulf of Mexico under North Roosevelt Boulevard. Street flooding up to two feet in depth was also observed along South Roosevelt Boulevard between Flagler Avenue and the Overseas Highway. September 21, 2015 - Minor coastal flooding occurred in a few Florida Bayside neighborhoods in North Key Largo,due mostly to persistent large northeast fetch occurring offshore the southeast U.S.Coast. Due to the very small diurnal tidal range of 2 to 3 inches in the far eastern end of Florida Bay and Blackwater Sound. Continuous coastal flooding of streets began approximately 17:00 EST on September 21st in the area of Adams and Shaw Drive in North Key Largo's bayside, gradually expanding to adjacent streets throughout the Blackwater Sound and Sexton Cove shorelines. While no homes or businesses were flooded,the depth of water reached as high as 0.8 feet by September 30th,with a couple streets becoming impassable to small vehicles. The flooding was confirmed by Monroe County Emergency Management and Key Largo Fire Rescue. October 5,2017-Abnormally high spring tides occurred throughout the Florida Keys as result of seasonal autumn King Tides and prolonged strong northeast to east winds. Coastal Flooding with saltwater depth 3 to 6 inches above street level observed at the corner of Truman Avenue and North Roosevelt Boulevard Nftrtiroe C:::tu rtty,i io ida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT in Key West. U.S.Coast Guard and National Weather Service personnel confirmed further coastal flooding in the Upper Florida Keys, with saltwater depth 6 to 8 inches above streets on the oceanside of Rock Harbor, and minor flooding of the U.S. Highway 1 northbound lane at Sea Oats Beach, Lower Matecumbe Key, near Mile Marker 74.5. Coastal Flooding was also confirmed along West Ocean Drive in Key Colony Beach,with saltwater depth 6 inches over the road. Coastal flooding of near 1 foot in depth was observed near Sombrero Beach in Marathon. December 12, 2018—A strong extratropical cyclone moving northeast over the Gulf of Mexico pushed a cold front through the Florida Keys. Strong west winds overspread the Florida Keys and Florida Bay, causing water levels to rise quickly.Water levels along several Florida Bay neighborhoods from near Mile Marker 100 through 106 off the Overseas Highway reported flooding of yards,docks,and streets generally from 6 to 18 inches in depth. Several ground-floor slab homes had flooding of attached porches, with water levels nearly entering the homes. The Monroe County LMS Working Group also noted the importance of the following event, per the 2015 LMS: November 11-12,1980:The "Veteran's Day Storm" resulted from the influence of a stalled cold front and Tropical Storm Jeanne that was over Cuba. In total,these combined systems produced 23 inches of rain in 24 hours. Even though much of the water was running off into the surrounding seas,the event resulted in widespread flooding especially in streets and low-lying areas. Weather Service reports indicated that 300 vehicles and 500 buildings were seriously damaged, resulting in $1 million in property damage, primarily in Key West. Probability of Future Occurrence By definition of the 100-year flood event,SFHAs are defined as those areas that will be inundated by the flood event having a 1-percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year. Properties located in these areas have a 26 percent chance of flooding over the life of a 30-year mortgage. The 500-year flood area is defined as those areas that will be inundated by the flood event having a 0.2- percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year; it is not the flood that will occur once every 500 years. While exposure to flood hazards vary across jurisdictions, all jurisdictions have at least some area of land in FEMA flood hazard areas. Additionally, there is risk of localized and stormwater flooding as well as severe wind-driven surge in areas outside the SFHA and at different intervals than the 1%annual chance flood. Based on these considerations as well as the 37 flood-related events recorded by NCEI over the last 20 years, the probability of flooding is considered highly likely (100% annual probability) for all jurisdictions. Probability: 4—Highly Likely Climate Change Per the Fourth National Climate Assessment, frequency and intensity of heavy precipitation events is expected to increase across the country. More specifically, it is "very likely" (90-100% probability) that most areas of the United States will exhibit an increase of at least 5%in the maximum 5-day precipitation by late 21st century. Additionally, increases in precipitation totals are expected in the Southeast. The mean change in the annual number of days with rainfall over 1 inch for the Southeastern United States is 0.5 to 1.5 days. Therefore,with more rainfall falling in more intense incidents,the region may experience more frequent flash flooding. Increased flooding may also result from more intense tropical cyclone; Nftrtiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1122 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT researchers have noted the occurrence of more intense storms bringing greater rainfall totals, a trend that is expected to continue as ocean and air temperatures rise. Vulnerability Assessment Methodologies and Assumptions Wood conducted a Level 2 Hazus Flood Simulation by leveraging the 100-year (Zone AE & VE) flood boundaries from the effective FEMA Flood Insurance Study dated 02/18/2005. Base Flood Elevations were converted to a depth raster using LiDAR topography obtained from USGS. Wood also leveraged the 2020 parcel data provided by Monroe County for the loss determination. Parcels that were potentially at risk of flooding from the two 100-year flood zones listed above were selected for analysis. Only areas that were contained within the extent of available LiDAR,and by extension the depth grid,were analyzed.This accounted for 99%of all structures in the SFHA. Losses were derived in Hazus using USACE depth damage functions, shown in Table 4.14. Flood damage is directly related to the depth of flooding by the application of a depth damage curve. In applying the curve, a specific depth of water translates to a specific percentage of damage to the structure, which translates to the same percentage of the structure's replacement value. Figure 4.3 depicts the depth of flooding that can be expected within the Monroe County planning area during the 100-year flood event. Table . —Depth Damage Percentages Percent Damaged(%) Depth Agricultural Commercial Education Government Industrial Religious Residential (ft) 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 18 1 6 9 5 5 10 10 22 2 1 11 14 7 8 12 11 25 3 15 16 9 13 15 11 28 4 19 18 9 14 19 12 30 5 25 20 10 14 22 12 31 6 30 23 11 15 26 13 40 7 35 26 13 17 30 14 43 8 41 30 15 19 35 14 43 9 46 34 17 22 29 15 45 10 51 38 20 26 42 17 46 11 57 42 24 31 48 19 47 12 63 47 28 37 50 24 47 13 70 51 33 44 51 30 49 14 75 55 39 51 53 38 50 15 79 58 45 59 54 45 50 16 82 61 52 65 55 52 50 17 84 64 59 70 55 58 51 18 87 67 64 74 56 64 51 19 89 69 69 79 56 69 52 20 90 71 74 83 57 74 52 21 92 74 79 87 57 78 53 22 93 76 84 91 57 82 53 23 95 78 89 95 58 85 54 24 96 80 94 98 58 88 54 Source:Hazus Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Building foundation types were not available in the parcel or building data provided by Monroe County but are required for Hazus. Therefore, based on local knowledge and experience, Wood made the assumption that 40% of the foundations in Monroe County are elevated, 24% are crawl space, and 35% are slab on grade. Loss numbers are based on improved parcel values listed in the 2020 parcel data from Monroe County. Content value estimations are based on Hazus methodologies of estimating value as a percent of improved structure values by property type. Table 4.15 shows the breakdown of the different property types and their estimated content replacement value percentages. Table . —Content Replacement Factors Property Type Content Replacement Values Residential 50% Commercial 100% Educational 100% Government 100% Religious 100% Industrial/Agriculture 150% Source: Hazus People Certain health hazards are common to flood events. While such problems are often not reported,three general types of health hazards accompany floods. The first comes from the water itself. Floodwaters carry anything that was on the ground that the upstream runoff picked up,including dirt,oil,animal waste, and lawn,farm and industrial chemicals. Pastures and areas where farm animals are kept or where their wastes are stored can contribute polluted waters to the receiving streams. Debris also poses a risk both during and after a flood. During a flood, debris carried by floodwaters can cause physical injury from impact.During the recovery process, people may often need to clear debris out of their properties but may encounter dangers such as sharp materials or rusty nails that pose a risk of tetanus. People must be aware of these dangers prior to a flood so that they understand the risks and take necessary precautions before, during, and after a flood. Floodwaters also saturate the ground, which leads to infiltration into sanitary sewer lines. When wastewater treatment plants are flooded,there is nowhere for the sewage to flow. Infiltration and lack of treatment can lead to overloaded sewer lines that can back up into low-lying areas and homes. Even when it is diluted by flood waters, raw sewage can be a breeding ground for bacteria such as E. coli and other disease-causing agents. The second type of health problem arises after most of the water has gone. Stagnant pools can become breeding grounds for mosquitoes, and wet areas of a building that have not been properly cleaned breed mold and mildew. A building that is not thoroughly cleaned becomes a health hazard,especially for small children and the elderly. Another health hazard occurs when heating ducts in a forced air system are not properly cleaned after inundation. When the furnace or air conditioner is turned on,the sediments left in the ducts are circulated throughout the building and breathed in by the occupants. If a City water system loses pressure, a boil order may be issued to protect people and animals from contaminated water. The third problem is the long-term psychological impact of having been through a flood and seeing one's home damaged and personal belongings destroyed. The cost and labor needed to repair a flood-damaged M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT home puts a severe strain on people, especially the unprepared and uninsured. There is also a long-term problem for those who know that their homes can be flooded again. The resulting stress on floodplain residents takes its toll in the form of aggravated physical and mental health problems. Floods can also result in fatalities. Individuals face high risk when driving through flooded streets. According to NCEI records,however,there have been no deaths in Monroe County caused by flood events. An estimate of population at risk to flooding was developed based on the assessment of residential property at risk. Counts of residential buildings at risk were multiplied by a household factor for each jurisdiction, derived from a weighted average of the 2014-2018 American Community Survey's average household size for owner-and renter-occupied housing.The resulting estimates of population at risk are shown in Table 4.16. Overall, approximately 89,111 people live in high-risk flood zones. Table . —Monroe County Population at RiskFlood Jurisdiction Residential Buildings at Risk Household Factor Population at Risk Islamorada 4,498 2.20 9,896 Key Colony Beach 1,363 1.63 2,222 Key West 6,654 2.37 15,770 Layton 143 1.76 252 Marathon 5,090 2.34 11,911 Unincorporated Monroe County 20,528 2.39 49,062 Total 38,276 -- 89,111 Source: FEMA;U.S.Census Bureau 2014-2018 ACS 5-Year Estimates;Monroe County 2020 parcel data Note:The household factor used to approximate population at risk in unincorporated Monroe County is representative of the entire County,not just the unincorporated areas. 9 III" CII'tCII :1 e q ii,ii IIl iir CIliCIiint The Hazus analysis estimated the number of households that are expected to be displaced from their homes due to a 100-year flood event and the associated evacuation. In total,the model estimates 20,494 households will be displaced due to a 100-year flood event;this estimate includes households evacuated from within or very near the inundated area. An estimated 54,638 people — approximately 75% of the 73,090 person population—will seek temporary shelter in public shelters. Property Residential, commercial, and public buildings, as well as critical infrastructure such as transportation, water, energy, and communication systems may be damaged or destroyed by flood waters. Table 4.17 details the estimated losses for the 100-year flood event in Monroe County, calculated using the methodology and assumptions described above. The total damage estimate value is based on damages to the total of improved building value and contents value. Land value is not included in any of the loss estimates as generally land is not subject to loss from floods. Detailed tables by jurisdiction are located in individual jurisdictional annexes. Table . —Estimated BuildingContent Loss for l Chance Flood Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Total Loss Parcels (Building& Building Type with Loss Contents) Damage Content Loss Damage Ratio Countywide Totals Agriculture 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Commercial 1,107 $1,285,781,546 $25,420,036 $75,648,767 $101,068,804 8% Educational 49 $385,589,374 $1,500,057 $11,043,976 $12,544,033 0% Government 205 $680,395,426 $18,162,957 $113,924,871 $132,087,828 19% fkftr:u oe C:::tu rl ty,110 ida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1125 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Total Total Value Estimated Occupancy Estimated Estimated Total Loss Parcels (Building& Building Type with Loss Contents) Damage Content Loss Damage Ratio Industrial 142 $137,101,698 $2,835,491 $7,389,458 $10,224,950 7% Religious 77 $107,363,772 1 $2,470,200 1 $17,058,341 $19,528,542 18% Residential 38,276 $13,783,824,912 $1,738,914,018 $1,033,544,790 $2,772,458,808 20% Total 39,856 $16,380,056,729 $1,789,302,763 $1,258,610,205 $3,047,912,967 19% Source:Hans The loss ratio is the loss estimate divided by the total potential exposure (i.e., total of improved and contents value for all buildings located within the 100-year floodplain) and displayed as a percentage of loss.FEMA considers loss ratios greaterthan 10%to be significant and an indicator a community may have more difficulties recovering from a flood. Loss ratios for all participating jurisdictions except Key Colony Beach are at or above 10%.Therefore, in the event of a flood with a magnitude of the 1%-annual-chance event or greater, the planning area would face extreme difficulty in recovery. Even smaller, more probabilistic floods may also result in the county having difficulty recovering. Estimated loss ratios are greatest in Key West and the unincorporated areas of Key West; therefore, these jurisdictions may face the greatest potential impacts from a flood event. Across the planning area there are 166 critical facilities located in the AE zone and 12 facilities located in the VE zone which may be at risk to more severe damages.Table 4.18 details these critical facilities at risk to flooding by type.Table 4.19 lists each critical facility at risk to flood and the flood zone and estimated 100-year flood depth at that location. There are an additional 14 facilities in the 0.2%-annual-chance floodplain (Shaded X) and 19 facilities in the Unshaded X Zone. Table . —Summary of Critical Facilities at Risk to Flood, l Chance Event Facility Type Critical Facilities by SFHA Zone Total Facilities at Risk Zone AE Zone VE Airfield 3 1 4 Communication 5 0 5 Emergency Ops 51 2 53 EMS 6 0 6 Energy 32 0 32 Fire 10 1 11 Government 16 2 18 Health 4 1 5 Hospital 4 0 4 Military 7 1 8 Police 4 2 6 School 8 0 8 Waste 3 0 3 Water 13 2 15 Total 266 12 278 Table . —Critical Facilities at Risk to Flood, l Chance Event Facility Type Facility Name Jurisdiction Flood 100-Yr Flood Zone Depth(NAVD Ft) Emergency Ops S&H Inc Debris Site Islamorada AE 0.1 Emergency Ops Island Christian School Islamorada AE 0.1 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1126 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Facility Type Facility Name Jurisdiction Flood 100-Yr Flood Zone Depth(NAVD Ft) Emergency Ops Island Christian School Site Islamorada AE 0.1 Emergency Ops Island Christian School Field Islamorada AE 1.5 Energy FKEC Ellis Facility Islamorada Islamorada AE 0.1 Military U.S.C.G. Plantation Key Islamorada AE 2.6 Emergency Ops Key Colony Beach Auditorium Key Colony Beach AE 1.5 Airfield Key West International Airport Key West VE 5.6 Emergency Ops Ft.Zachery Taylor Recreation Area Key West AE 0.4 Emergency Ops Casa Marina Key West AE 0.1 Emergency Ops Salt Ponds Bunker Area Key West AE 0.1 Emergency Ops HOB Middle School Key West AE 1.0 Emergency Ops Jose Marti Park Key West AE 2.0 Emergency Ops KW Central Fire Station#1 Key West AE 0.1 Emergency Ops Key West Fire Station#3 Key West AE 1 4.0 Emergency Ops Key West Bight Parking Area Key West VE 6.1 Emergency Ops Multifield Baseball Complex Key West AE 1.6 Emergency Ops Seaplane Base Key West AE 3.4 Emergency Ops Tommy Roberts Stadium Key West AE 3.6 Emergency Ops Clay Sterling Baseball Fields Key West AE 2.1 Emergency Ops Sigsbee Park&Community Center Key West AE 2.2 Energy Keys Energy Services Main Office Key West AE 3.3 Energy Keys Energy Services Substation Key West AE 3.1 Energy William Arnold Service Building Key West AE 1 1.0 White Street Substation Switchgear Energy Building Key West AE -2.9 Thompson Street Substation Energy Switchgear Building Key West AE -0.6 Kennedy Drive Substation Switchgear Energy Building A Key West AE 1.3 Kennedy Drive Substation Switchgear Energy Building B Key West AE -1.0 Fire KWIA Fire/Rescue#4 Key West VE 5.2 Government M.C.Public Works Key West Key West VE 6.5 Government Key West Port/Transit Authority Key West AE 0.3 M.C.School Board/Transportation Government Facility KW Key West AE 3.8 Government Stock Island Public Service Building Key West AE 3.5 Government Stock Island MCSO Jail Facility Key West VE 5.8 Health Bayshore Manor Convalescent Center Key West AE 3.7 Health Key West Convalescent Center Key West AE 3.2 Hospital DePoo Hospital LFKHS Key West AE 0.1 Hospital Lower Florida Keys Medical Center Key West AE 1.1 Military Fort Zachary Taylor Landing Zone Key West AE 0.1 Military Naval Facility Key West AE 4.4 Military Fuel Storage Facility Key West AE 2.1 Military I U.S.C.G. Base Key West Key West VE 3.1 Police FHP Substation Key West VE 6.8 Police KW Police Station Key West AE 1 0.1 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1127 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Facility Type Facility Name Jurisdiction Flood 100-Yr Flood Zone Depth(NAVD Ft) Stock Island MCSO Administration Police Building Key West VE 8.5 School Key West High School Key West AE 2.9 School Poinciana Elementary School Key West AE 0.1 School Sigsbee Elementary School Key West AE 1.1 School Gerald Adams School Key West AE 0.8 School Florida Keys Community College Key West AE 0.1 Waste Key West Landfill Key West AE 0.1 Water FKAA Main Office Key West AE 1.3 Water FKAA Storage Facility Key West AE 0.1 Water F.K.A.A. Backpumping Station Key West AE 0.2 Water F.K.A.A.Storage Facility Key West AE 3.8 Water Water Tower Behind Sigsbee School Key West AE 2.6 Fire Monroe County Fire Rescue#18 Layton AE 3.5 Airfield Marathon Airport Marathon AE 0.1 Emergency Ops Knight's Key Campground Field Marathon AE 6.1 Emergency Ops Monroe County Primary EOC Marathon AE 0.1 Emergency Ops Stanley Switlik Elementary School Marathon AE 2.9 Emergency Ops Kmart Parking Lot Marathon AE 2.9 Emergency Ops Marathon Airport West Marathon AE 1.6 Emergency Ops Marathon Airport East Marathon AE 0.8 Emergency Ops San Pablo Church Marathon AE 0.1 Emergency Ops San Pablo Catholic Church Field Marathon AE 3.2 Emergency Ops Joe London Training Academy Marathon AE 3.1 EMS Medical 6 Station Marathon AE 0.1 Energy FKEC Generating Plant Marathon AE 0.1 Fire Marathon Vol Fire Dept Station 1 Marathon AE 1.9 Fire Marathon Fire Station/EMS#14 Marathon AE 0.1 Fire Grassy Key Fire Station#15 Marathon AE 4.2 Government M.C.Library Marathon Marathon AE 0.3 Government Monroe County Tax Collector Marathon AE 0.4 Marathon Govt.Center County Government Building Marathon AE 0.2 Government Marathon Detention Facility Marathon AE 0.8 Government FDOT Marathon Operation Center Marathon AE 3.5 Government Marathon Govt.Center State Building Marathon AE 1.2 Government Marathon Government Center Annex Marathon AE 1.4 Government City of Marathon/City Offices Marathon AE 2.0 Government M.C.Mosquito Control Marathon Marathon AE 0.1 Government M.C.Public Works Marathon Marathon AE 0.1 Health Marathon Manor Marathon VE 5.7 Hospital Fishermans Hospital Marathon AE 0.1 Military U.S.C.G. Marathon Marathon AE 4.5 Police MCSO Marathon Substation Marathon AE 0.1 Police Monroe County Medical Examiner Marathon AE 0.1 School Marathon High School Marathon AE 3.9 Waste Marathon Wastewater Facility I Marathon AE 4.9 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1128 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Facility Type Facility Name Jurisdiction Flood 100-Yr Flood Zone Depth(NAVD Ft) Water F.K.A.A. Booster Station Marathon AE 2.2 Water F.K.A.A.Operations Center Marathon AE 0.8 Water City of Marathon Wastewater Facility Marathon AE 3.8 Airfield Sugarloaf Airfield Unincorporated AE 8.4 Airfield Ocean Reef Club Airport Unincorporated AE 2.9 Communication Bell South Sugarloaf Unincorporated AE 5.1 Communication WWUS US1 Radio 104.7 Unincorporated AE 5.9 Communication Big Pine Key Bell South Blding Unincorporated AE 1.2 Communication WFKZ FM 103.1 Unincorporated AE 3.2 Communication Bell South Key Largo Unincorporated AE 0.1 Emergency Ops Bernstein Park Unincorporated AE 1 5.3 Emergency Ops Rockland Investment Unincorporated AE 3.3 Emergency Ops Toppino Debris Site Unincorporated AE 6.2 Emergency Ops Dickerson Debris Site Unincorporated AE 3.7 Emergency Ops South Pointe Debris Site Unincorporated AE 7.7 Emergency Ops E Shore Drive Site Unincorporated AE 7.3 Emergency Ops Summerland Airfield Unincorporated AE 4.3 Emergency Ops Sugarloaf School Site Unincorporated AE 7.0 Emergency Ops Vantage Property Development LLC Unincorporated VE 6.1 Emergency Ops Saint Peter's Catholic Church Unincorporated AE 3.1 Emergency Ops Big Pine School Unincorporated AE 3.0 Emergency Ops Habitat for Humanity Unincorporated AE 3.2 Emergency Ops Big Pine Flea Market Unincorporated AE 4.0 Emergency Ops Ships Way Debris Site Unincorporated AE 3.1 Emergency Ops Blimp Rd Debris Site Unincorporated AE 7.0 Emergency Ops Big Pine Vol Fire Station#13 Unincorporated AE 3.4 Monroe County Sheriff's Office- Emergency Ops Plantation Key Unincorporated AE 0.1 Emergency Ops Plantation Key School Unincorporated AE 0.1 Emergency Ops Coral Shores Field Unincorporated AE - Emergency Ops Tavernier Towne Parking Lot Unincorporated AE 2.5 Emergency Ops Orange Blossom Debris Site Unincorporated AE 2.3 Emergency Ops Hilton Key Largo Resort Unincorporated AE 0.1 Emergency Ops Key Largo Bay Beach Unincorporated AE 2.9 Emergency Ops Port Bougainville Unincorporated AE 0.1 Emergency Ops Carysfort Debris Site Unincorporated AE 5.6 Emergency Ops Ocean Reef Debris Site Unincorporated AE 2.7 EMS Big Coppitt Fire Station#9 Unincorporated AE 1.1 EMS Cudjoe Key Fire Station#11 Unincorporated AE 1.5 EMS Big Pine Fire Station#13 Unincorporated AE 3.8 EMS Conch Key Fire Station#17 Unincorporated AE 5.5 EMS Medical 9 Station Unincorporated AE 0.1 Energy Keys Energy Services Generating Plant Unincorporated AE 1.7 Energy Keys Energy Services Substation Unincorporated AE 3.4 Keys Energy Services Facility Big Energy Coppitt Unincorporated AE 0.9 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1129 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Facility Type Facility Name Jurisdiction Flood 100-Yr Flood Zone Depth(NAVD Ft) Keys Energy Services Facility Cudjoe Energy Key Unincorporated AE 3.9 Energy FKEC Administration Bldg. Unincorporated AE 0.1 Energy FKEC Operations Complex Unincorporated AE 0.1 Second Street Substation Switchgear Energy Building Unincorporated AE -0.9 Energy US1 Substation Switchgear Building Unincorporated AE -0.9 US1 Substation Transmission Relay Energy Building Unincorporated AE 1.0 Big Coppitt Substation Switchgear Energy Building Unincorporated AE -0.5 Cudjoe Key Substation Switchgear Energy Building Unincorporated AE -0.3 Energy Big Pine Substation Switchgear Building Unincorporated AE -2.7 Energy 69 kV Relay Building* Unincorporated AE 1.2 Energy Medium Speed Diesel Building* Unincorporated AE 0.1 Energy EP2 Building* Unincorporated AE -1.6 Energy CT1* Unincorporated AE -0.9 Energy CT2* Unincorporated AE 1 -1.1 Energy CT3* Unincorporated AE -0.1 Energy CT4* Unincorporated AE -1.0 Energy Yarbrough/Medina Building* Unincorporated AE -6.6 Energy DVAR Switchgear Building* Unincorporated AE -1.9 Energy Ralph Garcia Building* Unincorporated AE 1 1.0 Warehouse C Building(new building under construction and Warehouse C Energy building to be demolished)* Unincorporated AE -1.5 Fire Stock Island Fire Station#8 Unincorporated AE 5.3 Fire Big Coppitt Fire Station#9 Unincorporated AE 1.0 Fire Lower Sugarloaf Fire Station#10 Unincorporated AE 4.6 Fire Conch Key Fire Station#17 Unincorporated AE 5.8 Fire Tavernier Vol Fire Dept/EMS #22 Unincorporated AE 0.1 Fire Ocean Reef Club Fire Station#26 Unincorporated AE 2.4 Government M.C. Mosquito Control Stock Island Unincorporated AE 1 3.3 Government Plantation Key Govt.Center Unincorporated AE 0.1 Government Plantation Detention Center Unincorporated AE 0.1 Health Plantation Key Children's Shelter Unincorporated AE 0.1 Health Plantation Key Convalescent Center Unincorporated AE 1.6 Hospital Mariner's Hospital Tavernier Unincorporated AE 1.3 Military Naval Air Station Key West Unincorporated AE 5.4 Military U.S.Air Force Tethrostat Site Unincorporated AE 5.3 Police Sheriff's Substation Cudjoe Key Unincorporated AE 0.6 School Sugarloaf Elementary/Middle School Unincorporated AE 1 2.7 School Key Largo Elementary/Middle School Unincorporated AE 0.1 Waste Cudjoe Landfill Unincorporated AE 0.1 Water F.K.A.A. RO Plant&Storage Facility Unincorporated VE 3.4 Water Wastewater Treatment Plant Unincorporated AE 0.1 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1130 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Facility Type Facility Name Jurisdiction Flood 100-Yr Flood Zone Depth(NAVD Ft) Water F.K.A.A. Booster Station Unincorporated AE 1.7 Water FKAA-Summerland Key Unincorporated AE 2.1 Water FKAA-Big Pine Key Unincorporated AE 4.2 Water FKAA Pumping Station Unincorporated VE 5.6 Water FKAA Admin/Pump Station Unincorporated AE 0.2 Emergency Ops S&H Inc Debris Site Islamorada AE 0.1 Note:Buildings noted with an asterisk(*)are all part of the Stock Island Power Plant Repefifive Loss Analysis A repetitive loss property is a property for which two or more flood insurance claims of more than$1,000 have been paid by the NFIP within any 10-year period since 1978. An analysis of repetitive loss was completed to examine repetitive losses within the planning area. According to 2020 NFIP records, there are a total of 4,480 repetitive loss properties within the Monroe County planning area.Of these properties, 1,046(23.3%) are insured.Additionally, 16(0.36%) are outside of the SFHA. In total, there are 254 properties classified as severe repetitive loss properties. A severe repetitive loss property is classified as such if it has four or more separate claim payments of more than $5,000 each(including building and contents payments)ortwo or more separate claim payments(building only)where the total of the payments exceeds the current value of the property. Occupancy data was not available from FEMA for repetitive loss properties; however, the previous plan reports 898 total repetitive loss properties of which 92%were residential and 8%were non-residential. In incorporated cities, 84%were residential and 16%were non-residential. Based on this past data; current policy data, including occupancy of insured buildings; and knowledge of repetitive loss properties across Florida, it is Pctimated that at least 90% of the identified repetitive loss properties across the county are residential. Table 4.20 summarizes repetitive loss properties by jurisdiction in Monroe County as identified by FEMA through the NFIP. Figure 4.4 through Figure 4.9 shows the general areas where repetitive losses have occurred throughout the planning area. Table —Repetitive Loss Properties by Jurisdiction Property Total Total Building Total Contents SRL Jurisdiction Count Losses Payments Payments Total Payments Count Islamorada 49 165 $9,259,466.07 $2,186,580.29 $11,446,046.36 17 Key Colony Beach 17 55 $4,948,817.18 $473,229.39 $5,422,046.57 3 Key West 250 675 $25,884,699.75 $6,455,692.16 $32,340,391.91 33 Layton 1 2 $0.00 $5,839.22 $5,839.22 - Marathon 168 471 $22,113,989.43 $3,770,593.82 $25,884,583.25 31 Unincorporated Monroe County 696 1,670 $54,434,686.72 $11,718,672.59 $66,153,359.31 77 Total 1,1811 3,038 $116,641,659.15 $24,610,607.47 $141,252,266.62 161 Source:FEMA Region IV,obtained December 2020;SRL=Severe Repetitive Loss Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1131 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII N M r r J a a o m yo a v a m m v a v N CU LL qo N Vl G4 N ® G CL O a. 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LL S7 v H d� y v a o CL I �A Z qt Nbac N LL �v z N k 00 S � d cc m= i 00 s o W ,. a p'I q Y O H Z 7LA .e" J �'� � flu 3 CO N IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII M r r J a c ur r� � u I.d 7J^ a M O 4 � O w.^ Q a $ m � m m a r 1 J 4 d j y U W ai CL CL I d f a E cu Lj LY LL m i DA S 4 a Z � Y H Ec ^q 17 LLI N Y N H N IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIII M r r a h y4 ti A ; a P "4 v W M, L p� CU N Mk N = H u � a M CL QM„,w % co W =G L o 0 LY LL "��"✓"� `;x. v ca N � o a z N ✓'��� by J a Do GJ Z LLI V C � ;N i 'Wj tJ U s z N H �'alu CO IIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII M r r a " c yo W g o � G „ N � m N u r N m v W CU y NCL V - a CL 21, � a v �� no WLL Y Hca Do - �� \ E cc ++ y Z m t Ur i Do C ✓ a y _ OJA Rµ C 3A, 3 O O N SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Economy Economic impacts of flood are wide ranging. Particularly,the Monroe County economy relies on tourism; following a significant flood event, lack of tourism will cause business losses to varying degrees. More frequent flooding might result in longer business interruption or increase building damages, requiring businesses to shut down for renovations. Further,flooding and damages caused to U.S. Highway 1 —the primary thoroughfare in the Keys,would cause significant, long-term economic impacts. Hazus reports the business interruption losses for a 1%-annual-chance flood event as follows: Table —Business Interruption Losses, 1%-Annual-Chance Flood, Monroe County Business Interruption Residential Commercial Industrial Others Total Income $300,000 $4,610,000 $280,000 $5,190,000 $300,000 Relocation $3,840,000 $640,000 $180,000 $4,650,000 $3,840,000 Rental Income $1,510,000 $400,000 $20,000 $1,930,000 $1,510,000 Wage $850,000 $4,020,000 $6,870,000 $11,740,000 $850,000 Total $6,510,000 $9,660,000 $7,350,000 $23,520,000 $6,510,000 Source:Hazus Environment During a flood event, chemicals and other hazardous substances may end up contaminating local water bodies. Flooding kills animals and in general disrupts the ecosystem. Snakes and insects may also make their way to the flooded areas. Floods can also cause significant erosion, which can alter streambanks and deposit sediment, changing the flow of streams and rivers and potentially reducing the drainage capacity of those waterbodies. Consequence Analysis Table 4.22 summarizes the potential detrimental consequences of flood. Table —Consequence Analysis-Flood Category Consequences Public Localized impact expected to be severe for incident areas and moderate to light for other adversely affected areas. Responders First responders are at risk when attempting to rescue people from their homes. They are subject to the same health hazards as the public. Flood waters may prevent access to areas in need of response or the flood may prevent access to the critical facilities themselves which may prolong response time. Damage to personnel will generally be localized to those in the flood areas at the time of the incident and is expected to be limited. Continuity of Operations Floods can severely disrupt normal operations, especially when there is a loss of (including Continued power. Damage to facilities in the affected area may require temporary relocation Delivery of Services) of some operations. Localized disruption of roads,facilities, and/or utilities caused by incident may postpone delivery of some services. Property, Facilities and Buildings and infrastructure, including transportation and utility infrastructure, may Infrastructure be damaged or destroyed. Impacts are expected to be localized to the area of the incident.Severe damage is possible. Environment Chemicals and other hazardous substances may contaminate local water bodies. Wildlife and livestock deaths possible.The localized impact is expected to be Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1138 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Category Consequences severe for incident areas and moderate to light for other areas affected by the flood or HazMat spills. Economic Condition of Local economy and finances will be adversely affected, possibly for an extended the Jurisdiction period. During floods(especially flash floods),roads, bridges,farms,houses and automobiles are destroyed.Additionally,the local government must deploy firemen, police and other emergency response personnel and equipment to help the affected area. It may take years for the affected communities to be re-built and business to return to normal. Public Confidence in the Ability to respond and recover may be questioned and challenged if planning, Jurisdiction's Governance response,and recovery are not timely and effective. Associated Hazards Natural hazards are, more often than not, interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to, or be spurred by, another hazard—sometimes referred to as cascading disasters.A flood event may be associated with: Tropical Storms and Hurricanes,Storm Surge, and Severe Weather/Thunderstorms. Changes in Development It is very likely that development can and will change the flood hazard and increase risk. Increased development anywhere in the County will likely lead to increased impervious surfaces;such development will alter flood patterns as well as intensity of flooding events. This is especially true of increased development within or near identified floodplains. Though the County's Rate of Growth Ordinance determines the speed at which undeveloped parcels may be developed there is still potential for increased impervious surfaces on previously developed parcels. Problem Statement All incorporated jurisdictions have at least 85 percent of their total land area in the Special Hazard Flood area.Storm related floods could likely significantly impact these jurisdictions. It is important to consider how the recently released preliminary floodplain maps will impact flood insurance once effective. Changes in floodplain acreage are most significant in Key West (increase) and Islamorada (decrease),although floodplain acreage decreases as well in Key Colony, Layton, and Marathon. All jurisdictions in the County have a flood loss-ratio of greater than 10%;the loss ratio is higher in unincorporated Monroe(22%)than Countywide(19%). Per the Hazus analysis, 100 percent of developed parcels in the AE and VE zones are at risk to flooding(Key Colony Beach and Layton); Marathon (99.6%) and Key West(97.7%) have larger portions of parcels at risk than the County average (96.8%). Mitigation strategies should prioritize these properties. As a community with a large seasonal population,the County and incorporated jurisdictions should consider whether shelters have adequate capacity for this influx of people, often during hurricane season. Unincorporated Monroe County, Key West,and Marathon have higher numbers and total values of paid out flood insurance claims as well as more repetitive loss buildings within their jurisdictions. Less than 50%of repetitive loss buildings in Islamorada (29%), Key West (15.7%), Marathon (34.2%), and unincorporated Monroe(34.2%) are insured.These buildings should be prioritized for elevation or acquisition. Localized and stormwater flooding blocking roadways (particularly U.S. Highway 1) may impede evacuation capabilities. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1139 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Of the 211 critical facilities reported in this plan,84 percent are within the SFHA; 78.7 percent in the AE zone and 5.7 percent in the VE zone.The communities must identify mitigation strategies that protect these facilities,which might include elevation of critical systems, elevation of the building,floodproofing,or relocation, among others. Hazard Summary by Jurisdiction The following table summarizes flood hazard risk by jurisdiction. Flood risk due to storm surge, high tide flooding, flash flooding, and stormwater flooding exists across the entire county. All participating jurisdictions have over 85%of their area in the SFHA and thus have a high degree of exposure to flooding; given that other sources of flooding and other levels of flooding may occur beyond these areas,the spatial extent was considered large for all jurisdictions. Impact ratings were based upon Hazus loss estimates as well as the overall risk of death or injury; as Key Colony beach has a loss ratio of less than 10%, flood impact was rated as limited. All other jurisdictions were rated with an impact of critical. All communities also face a uniform probability of flooding. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial Extent Warning Time Duration Score Priority Key Colony Beach 4 2 4 3 3 3.2 H Key West 4 3 4 3 3 3.5 H Layton 4 3 4 3 3 3.5 H Marathon 4 3 4 3 3 3.5 H Islamorada 4 3 4 3 3 3.5 H Unincorporated 4 3 4 3 3 3.5 H Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1140 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT 4.5.2 Tropical Cyclones Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Tropical Cyclones Likely Catastrophic Large More than 24 hrs Less than 1 week Hazard Description Hurricanes and tropical storms are classified as cyclones and defined as any closed circulation developing around a low-pressure center in which the winds rotate counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere (or clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere)and whose diameter averages 10 to 30 miles across. A tropical cyclone refers to any such circulation that develops over tropical waters. Tropical cyclones act as a "safety-valve," limiting the continued build-up of heat and energy in tropical regions by maintaining the atmospheric heat and moisture balance between the tropics and the pole-ward latitudes. The primary damaging forces associated with these storms are high-level sustained winds, heavy precipitation, and tornadoes. The key energy source for a tropical cyclone is the release of latent heat from the condensation of warm water. Their formation requires a low-pressure disturbance, warm sea surface temperature, rotational force from the spinning of the earth, and the absence of wind shear in the lowest 50,000 feet of the atmosphere. Most hurricanes and tropical storms form in the Atlantic Ocean,Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico during the official Atlantic hurricane season, which encompasses the months of June through November. The peak of the Atlantic hurricane season is in early to mid-September and the average number of storms that reach hurricane intensity per year in the Atlantic basin is about six. While hurricanes pose the greatest threat to life and property, tropical storms and depressions also can be devastating. A tropical disturbance can grow to a more intense stage through an increase in sustained wind speeds. The progression of a tropical disturbance is described below. Tropical Depression: A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 38 mph (33 knots) or less. Tropical Storm: A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 39 to 73 mph (34 to 63 knots). Hurricane: A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 74 mph (64 knots) or higher. In the western North Pacific, hurricanes are called typhoons;similar storms in the Indian Ocean and South Pacific Ocean are called cyclones. Major Hurricane: A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of 111 mph (96 knots) or higher, corresponding to a Category 3,4 or 5 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale. As an incipient hurricane develops,barometric pressure(measured in millibars or inches)at its center falls and winds increase.If the atmospheric and oceanic conditions are favorable,it can intensify into a tropical depression.When maximum sustained winds reach or exceed 39 miles per hour,the system is designated a tropical storm,given a name,and is monitored by the National Hurricane Center in Miami,Florida.When sustained winds reach or exceed 74 miles per hour the storm is deemed a hurricane. Hurricanes are given a classification based on the Saffir-Simpson Scale;this scale is reproduced in Table 4.23. The greatest potential for loss of life related to a hurricane is from the storm surge. Storm surge is water that is pushed toward the shore by the force of the winds swirling around the storm as shown in Figure 4.10. This advancing surge combines with the normal tides to create the hurricane storm tide,which can increase the mean water level to heights impacting roads, homes and other critical infrastructure. In addition,wind driven waves are superimposed on the storm tide.This rise in water level can cause severe flooding in coastal areas, particularly when the storm tide coincides with the normal high tides. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT The maximum potential storm surge for a location depends on several different factors. Storm surge is a very complex phenomenon because it is sensitive to the slightest changes in storm intensity, forward speed, size (radius of maximum winds-RMW), angle of approach to the coast, central pressure (minimal contribution in comparison to the wind), and the shape and characteristics of coastal features such as bays and estuaries. Otherfactors which can impact storm surge are the width and slope of the continental shelf and the depth of the ocean bottom. A narrow shelf, or one that drops steeply from the shoreline and subsequently produces deep water close to the shoreline,tends to produce a lower surge but higher and more powerful storm waves.A shallow slope,as is found off the coast of Monroe County,will produce a greater storm surge than a steep shelf. Figure . —Components of HurricaneforSurge Source: NOAA/The COMET Program Damage during hurricanes may also result from inland flooding from associated heavy rainfall. Like hurricanes, nor'easters are ocean storms capable of causing substantial damage to coastal areas in the Eastern United States due to their strong winds and heavy surf. Nor'easters are named for the winds that blow in from the northeast and drive the storm up the East Coast along the Gulf Stream. They are caused by the interaction of the jet stream with horizontal temperature gradients and generally occur during the fall and winter months when moisture and cold air are plentiful. Nor'easters are known for dumping heavy amounts of rain and snow, producing hurricane-force winds, and creating high surf that causes severe beach erosion and coastal flooding. There are two main components to a nor'easter: (1) a Gulf Stream low-pressure system (counter-clockwise winds)generated off the southeastern U.S.coast,gathering warm air and moisture from the Atlantic,and pulled up the East Coast by strong northeasterly winds at the leading edge of the storm; and (2) an Arctic high-pressure system (clockwise winds) which meets the low-pressure system with cold, arctic air blowing down from Canada. When the two systems collide,the moisture and cold air produce a mix of precipitation and can produce dangerously high winds and heavy seas.As the low-pressure system deepens,the intensity of the winds and waves increases and can cause serious damage to coastal areas as the storm moves northeast. Warning Time: 1 —More than 24 hours Duration: 3—Less than 1 week M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Location Hurricanes and tropical storms can occur anywhere within the Monroe County planning area. While coastal areas are most vulnerable to hurricanes,their wind and rain impacts can be felt hundreds of miles inland. Storm surge impacts are more limited, affecting areas along coastal and estuarine shorelines and reaching further inland depending on the height of the surge. All of Monroe County is vulnerable to hurricane and tropical storm surge. Figure 4.11 shows the estimated extent of surge by storm category according to NOAA Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH) data. the SLOSH model is a computerized numerical model developed by the NWS to estimate storm surge heights resulting from historical, hypothetical, or predicted hurricanes by considering the atmospheric pressure, size, forward speed, and track data. The model creates outputs for all different storm simulations from all points of the compass. Each direction has a MEOW(maximum envelope of water)for each category of storm (1-5), and all directions combined result in a MOMs(maximum of maximums)set of data. Note that the MOM does not illustrate the storm surge that will occur from any given storm but rather the full potential extent of surge from all possible storms. As shown in these maps, Monroe County is vulnerable to storm surge impacts from all storm categories. Much of the County is likely to be impacted in some capacity by storms rated as Category 1 or higher. Maps of storm surge impacts by jurisdiction are available in individual jurisdictional annexes. Spatial Extent: 4—Large M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure . —Storm Surge Inundation for All Categories B rowa rd Collier ll t l�r f t Miarni-Dade V+yV'onroe 4 00 nA �p!qAJ11U�1 �N'°� rr lslarnorada rr r, Marathon Zs Y La ton mx- t / ! Key Colony �Q Beach Key West fl Q B 16 24 32 Legend N MiNes 1� Category 1 Surge Zone a Category 5 Surtie Zone Map created By:LAW Category 2 Surge Zone i 3 Munlcipakies Date Cr—led:L,4i20tn Category 3 Surge Zone sources.Lsi,FLMA,Monroe , "'„�Monroe County �© ty rL u%Category<4 Surge Zone wo0d. e;?Counties Source:NOAA SLOSH Data lkftt'ti tde Coti tV t fir,1 10 Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Extent As an incipient hurricane develops,barometric pressure(measured in millibars or inches)at its center falls and winds increase. If the atmospheric and oceanic conditions are favorable,it can intensify into a tropical depression. When maximum sustained winds reach or exceed 39 miles per hour,the system is designated a tropical storm, given a name, and is closely monitored by the National Hurricane Center in Miami, Florida. When sustained winds reach or exceed 74 miles per hour the storm is deemed a hurricane. Hurricane intensity is further classified by the Saffir-Simpson Scale (Table 4.23), which rates hurricane intensity on a scale of 1 to 5,with 5 being the most intense. Table —Saffir-Simpson Scale Maximum Sustained Category Types of Damage Wind Speed(MPH),,,,,,, Very dangerous winds will produce some damage;Well-constructed frame homes could have damage to roof,shingles,vinyl siding and 1 74-95 gutters. Large branches of trees will snap,and shallowly rooted trees may be toppled. Extensive damage to power lines and poles likely will result in power outages that could last a few to several days. Extremely dangerous winds will cause extensive damage;Well- constructed frame homes could sustain major roof and siding damage. 2 96-110 Many shallowly rooted trees will be snapped or uprooted and block numerous roads. Near-total power loss is expected with outages that could last from several days to weeks. Devastating damage will occur;Well-built framed homes may incur major 111-129 damage or removal of roof decking and gable ends. Many trees will be snapped or uprooted, blocking numerous roads. Electricity and water will be unavailable for several days to weeks after the storm passes. Catastrophic damage will occur;Well-built framed homes can sustain severe damage with loss of most of the roof structure and/or some 130-156 exterior walls. Most trees will be snapped or uprooted,and power poles downed. Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last weeks to possibly months. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months. Catastrophic damage will occur;A high percentage of framed homes will be destroyed,with total roof failure and wall collapse. Fallen trees and 157+ power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last for weeks to possibly months. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months. Source: National Hurricane Center The Saffir-Simpson Scale categorizes hurricane intensity linearly based upon maximum sustained winds and barometric pressure, which are combined to estimate potential damage. Categories 3, 4, and 5 are classified as "major" hurricanes and,while hurricanes within this range comprise only 20 percent of total tropical cyclone landfalls,they account for over 70 percent of the damage in the United States. Table 4.24 describes the damage that could be expected for each category of hurricane. Damage during hurricanes may also result from spawned tornadoes,storm surge, and inland flooding associated with heavy rainfall that usually accompanies these storms. Mbr: iroe C:::tu ri ty,11ol uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1145 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Table —Hurricane Damage Classifications Storm Damage Photo Description of Damages CitegOry Level Example No real damage to building structures. Damage primarily to 1 MINIMAL unanchored mobile homes, shrubbery, and trees. Also, some coastal flooding and minor pier damage. k;, Some roofing material,door,and window damage. Considerable 2 MODERATE damage to vegetation, mobile homes, etc. Flooding damages piers and small craft in unprotected moorings may break their moorings. Some structural damage to small residences and utility buildings, with a minor amount of curtainwall failures. Mobile homes are EXTENSIVE destroyed. Flooding near the coast destroys smaller structures, with larger structures damaged by floating debris. Terrain may be flooded well inland. More extensive curtainwall failures with some complete roof EXTREME structure failure on small residences. Major erosion of beach areas. Terrain may be flooded well inland. Complete roof failure on many residences and industrial buildings. Some complete building failures with small utility CATASTROPHIC buildings blown over or away. Flooding causes major damage to f lower floors of all structures near the shoreline. Massive evacuation of residential areas may be required. Source:National Hurricane Center;Federal Emergency Management Agency The Saffir-Simpson scale provides a measure of extent of a hurricane. The county is susceptible to the full force of every category of hurricane. Impact: 4—Catastrophic Historical Occurrences According to the Office of Coastal Management's Tropical Cyclone Storm Segments data,which is a subset of the International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS) dataset, 33 hurricanes and tropical storms made landfall in Monroe County between 1900 and 2016.These storm tracks are shown in Figure 4.12. The date, storm name, storm category, and maximum wind speed of each event are detailed in Table 4.25. It should be noted that Hurricane Irma made landfall in Monroe County on September 10, 2017, but Irma was not included in updated data sets at the time this report was made. Irma was a category 4 hurricane when it hit the County with max wind speeds of 133 miles per hour. u bruroe Coturu ty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1146 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure . — Hurricane/Tropical Storm Tracks within 50 milesof Monroe - flilbborougO PiW41� as Wtndian.River i (Manatee Hardee Okeechobee St.Lucie Highlands Sarasota IDeSoto Martin Glades Charlotte Pallm(Beach Lee Hendry r d h 7. Brow,ird r,�t jade i� P'dlxronrae BV9 i xa V. mow+ 0 - Maratlnor i`" Islerttnrada�/ r ram'" / Lay tonn / „}} Keyr of rto y: a Beach r Key At or' 4, AN 91101J 'w^"r' N l�Y l/ //��i 011l��P/f/ / er r J�IIf�% rrro �✓'�"" /,rrrJ�ii`ll�llii%N/�1��� fll'/ i,r,;, !��F, fi 1161, �/,.; / r ,,,, va �/ , /oi r 1 yl / / /%I%I%/IIIJ1Jfllf l / ff % 0 10 20 30 40 — Legend Miles — Extratropical Storm —Category 3 Municipalities Map Created By:CMS Tropical Storm Category 4 a,- ... Date Created:3�3112020 Category 1 ____�Category 5 t,,� Monroe County S Wood. nurcee:Esrl M rrraeCexuirnty, FL,NOnA Category 2 61 Counties Source:NOAA Office of Coastal Management Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1147 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Table —Landfailing Tropical Cyclone in Monroe - Date Storm Name Max Storm Category* Max Wind Speed(mph) 10/17/1904 Unnamed Category 1 81 10/20/1904 Unnamed Tropical Storm 40 6/17/1906 Unnamed Category 1 81 10/18/1906 Unnamed Category 3 121 10/11/1909 Unnamed Category 3 115 5/14/1916 Unnamed Tropical Storm 40 11/15/1916 Unnamed Extratropical Storm 63 8/13/1928 Unnamed Tropical Storm 69 9/28/1929 Unnamed Category 3 115 8/30/1932 Unnamed Tropical Storm 63 9/3/1935 Unnamed Category 5 184 11/4/1935 Unnamed Category 2 98 7/29/1936 Unnamed Tropical Storm 63 10/6/1941 Unnamed Category 1 86 9/15/1945 Unnamed Category 4 132 10/12/1947 Unnamed Category 1 92 9/22/1948 Unnamed Category 4 132 10/5/1948 Unnamed Category 2 104 10/15/1956 Unnamed Tropical Storm 58 10/14/1964 Isbell Category 3 127 9/8/1965 Betsy Category 3 127 10/4/1966 Inez Category 1 86 8/19/1976 Dottie Tropical Storm 40 8/16/1981 Dennis Tropical Storm 40 10/12/1987 Floyd Category 1 75 8/24/1992 Andrew Category 5 167 11/15/1994 Gordon Tropical Storm 52 9/25/1998 Georges Category 2 104 10/15/1999 Irene Category 1 75 8/26/2005 Katrina Category 1 81 8/30/2006 Ernesto Tropical Storm 46 8/18/2008 Fay Tropical Storm 58 7/23/2010 Bonnie Tropical Storm 40 *Reports the most intense category that occurred at landfall or within close proximity to Monroe County,not for the storm event overall. The above map of storms is not an exhaustive list of hurricanes that have affected Monroe County.Several storms have not made landfall in the County,yet had strong enough wind or rain impacts to cause impacts. NCEI records hurricane and tropical storm events across the region by county and zone; therefore, one event that impacts multiple jurisdictions may be recorded multiple times. During the 20-year period from 2000 through 2019, NCEI records 18 hurricane and tropical storm reports across 24 separate days.These events are summarized in Table 4.26. This table only represents those events reported to NCEI as a Hurricane or Tropical Storm. Where property damage estimates were broken out by type, NCEI reports only the value of wind-related damages. While Hurricane Irma is not reported by NCEI as a Hurricane or Tropical Storm,and there are no reported damages for Hurricane Irma entries categorized as Storm Surge, this event still had a significant impact on the County. No official monetary figures have been reported, however Monroe County reports over 1,000 homes were destroyed and almost 3,000 suffered major damage. In total, 50 Florida counties were included in the disaster declaration and eligible for individual M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i iol uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1148 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT assistance. FEMA has approved over $1 billion individual and household program dollars across these counties. Table —Recorded Hurricanesin MonroeCounty,2000-2019 Date Storm Deaths/Injuries Property Damage Crop Damage 9/13/2001 Tropical Storm Gabrielle 1/0 $0 0 11/4-11/5/2001 Hurricane Michelle 0/0 $0 0 8/11/2004 Hurricane Charley 0/0 $160,000 160000 9/1/2004 Hurricane Frances 0/0 $20,000 20000 9/12/2004 Hurricane Ivan 0/0 $0 0 9/24/2004 Hurricane Jeanne 0/0 $5,000 5000 6/9-6/10/2005 Tropical Storm Arlene 0/0 $90,000 90000 7/8/2005 Hurricane Dennis 1/0 $7,150,000 7150000 8/26/2005 Hurricane Katrina 0/0 $6,900,000 6900000 9/20/2005 Hurricane Rita 0/0 $0 0 10/23/2005 Hurricane Wilma 0/2 $33,000,000 99000000 8/29-8/30/2006 Tropical Storm Ernesto 0/0 $200 200 8/17-8/18/2008 Tropical Storm Fay 0/2 $2,800,000 8400000 8/30/2008 Hurricane Gustav 1/0 $0 0 9/8-9/9/2008 Hurricane Ike 0/0 $13,500,000 26000000 8/25/2012 Tropical Storm Isaac 0/0 $2,170,000 2170000 10/24-10/25/2012 Hurricane Sandy 0/0 $4,000 4000 9/3/2018 Tropical Storm Gordon 0/0 $500 500 Total 3/4 $6S,799,700 $0 Source:NCEI "StoiiriinnI " Ill.dl IIr; 'i ' As a coastal area, Monroe County is exceptionally vulnerable to storm surge caused by hurricanes and tropical storms.Table 4.27 further details storm surge events that have impacted Monroe County in the 20-year period from 2000 to 2019. Event narratives following this table provide a fuller scope of the impacts from selected wind and storm surge events. Table 4.13 further illustrates losses due to flood in Monroe County; the exceptionally high number of NFIP claims in the years 2005 and 2017 illustrate the destructive force of storm surge associated with hurricanes. Table —Recorded StormSurge events in MonroeCounty,2000-2019 Date Storm Deaths/Injuries Property Damage Crop Damage 6/10/2005 Tropical Storm Arlene 0/0 $0 $0 9/20/2005 Hurricane Rita 0/1 $0 $0 10/24/2005 Hurricane Wilma 0/0 $0 $0 8/19/2008 Tropical Storm Fay 0/0 $1,000,000 $0 8/31/2008 Hurricane Gustav 0/0 $0 $0 9/10/2008 Hurricane Ike 0/0 $1,300,000 $0 10/26/2012 Hurricane Sandy 0/0 $1,000 $0 9/9-9/10/2017 Hurricane Irma 1/0 1 0 $0 Total 0/0 $2,301,000 $0 Source:NCEI M.orti,ve C::uVVI' ,,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1149 ' SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT August 11, 2004—During the evening of August 12, Hurricane Charley moved north through the Florida Straits, the Keys east of the Seven Mile Bridge, and into Florida Bay. Peak wind gusts to 64 mph were recorded at Sombrero Key Light,61 mph at Long Key and 54 mph at Molasses Reef C-MAN stations during this convective band,along with reported wind gust to 52 mph from a spotter on Duck Key. Damage along the island chain from Marathon through Ocean Reef was limited to downed tree limbs, power lines and unreinforced signs,and almost entirely from the convective band. Beginning around 3:30 AM EST,strong gradient winds began in the Lower Keys and Dry Tortugas. Peak wind gusts of 62 mph were recorded at Sand Key C-MAN station, with gusts to 58 mph at Key West International Airport. Peak wind measurements of 46 to 52 mph were measured along the island chain from Boca Chica Key through Summerland Key. Wind damage including a few uprooted and snapped trees, large tree limbs, power lines,fences and unreinforced signs. A sailboat broke loose from moorings around 7:30 AM EST on August 13,striking a phase of a 115 kilovolt transmission line serving the lower Keys,causing a widespread power outage west of Marathon through Key West. Maximum storm surge was estimated to near 6 feet at Dry Tortugas/Garden Key. Wave action produced extensive flooding of the park grounds outside of the Fort Jefferson walls. Approximately 1000 feet of brickwork was lost on the outer moat wall, which was completely submerged at the time of high tide. Numerous finger docks and the deck of the main dock were destroyed. Scaffolding used during the Fort's multi-year renovation project was also damaged and found floating in the moat. The Dry Tortugas C-MAN station,which included instrumentation less than 15 feet above mean sea level,was also destroyed, likely from the combination of wave action and elevated tide levels. Maximum storm surge was estimated at one foot above normal at Key West.Wave action produced minor coastal flooding along the oceanfront. An estimated 11,000 visitors evacuated the Keys, causing an estimated tourism loss of 5.3 million dollars. September 1, 2004 — As Hurricane Frances tracked from the northwest Bahamas through the central Florida peninsula, several outer rain bands crossed the Florida Keys producing short episodes of strong wind gusts. A peak wind gust of 93 mph was measured at the Sombrero Key Light C-MAN station, at an elevation of over 150 feet above mean sea level. Other notable wind gusts included 63 mph at Sand Key C-MAN and 68 mph at Molasses Reef C-MAN. Over land, peak wind gusts included 54 mph at the U.S. Coast Guard Group Key West, and 51 mph at the Key West Harbor. Stronger wind gusts were estimated along the south side of Marathon, near Flamingo Island, and in the squall that produced the extreme winds at Sombrero Key Light. These winds tore screens in porches in isolated fashion from Big Pine Key through Grassy Key and blew out plastic or vinyl panels of commercial signs in Marathon. Otherwise, damage was limited to downed tree limbs and minor power outages. As Frances passed to the north,strong northwest and west winds drove waters higher than normal along the Florida Bay shoreline up to 1 foot above normal at Vaca Key and estimated to near 2.5 feet above normal along the bayside of North Key Largo and Jewfish Creek. These tides produced minor flooding of side streets and a parking lot near Mile Marker 106 of the Overseas Highway. July 8,2005—Hurricane Dennis passed within 75 miles southwest of Key West as a category 2 hurricane. Over the Monroe County. In the Lower Keys, maximum winds were sustained at 61 mph with gusts to 74 mph at Key West and 59 mph gusting to 78 mph at Sand Key. Unofficial wind gusts to 107 mph were reported at Cudjoe Key. Maximum storm tides were estimated to 4.5 feet above mean sea level on the Atlantic shore of Key West near the International Airport. One fatality occurred aboard a vessel moored at Stock Island due to drowning. No injuries were reported. Property damage estimated at$6.8M due to wind damage mainly to roofing, electrical equipment, landscaping and mobile homes, with estimated $100K due to combined wind and rain damages to the Key West Airport. Minimum pressure reported was 998.8 mb at Sand Key. M.ortu oe C:::tu rtty,i io ida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1150 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT In the Middle Keys, maximum rainfall was 2.00 inches at Curry Hammock State Park, east of Marathon. Maximum winds were 74 mph gusting to 87 mph at Sombrero Key Light. Maximum storm tides were estimated at 2 to 3 feet above mean sea level, producing minor flooding under elevated homes at Marathon. Damage was estimated at $250K from wind damage to commercial signs, landscaping and electrical equipment. In the Upper Keys, the maximum rainfall was 1.55 inches at Tavernier. Maximum Storm Tides were estimated at 2 to 3 feet above mean sea level, overtopping bulkheads and producing minor street flooding. Maximum winds were recorded at 59 mph gusting to 68 mph at Carysfort Reef Light. Damage was estimated at$100K mostly to landscaping and electric utility equipment. August 26, 2005 — Hurricane Katrina passed 40 miles north of Key West as a category one hurricane. Katrina passed 15 miles north Dry Tortugas National Park as a category 2 hurricane. Over the Monroe County Lower Keys, maximum winds were 62 mph with gusts to 77 mph at Sand Key. In the Middle Keys, Maximum winds were 67 mph with gusts to 80 mph at Sombrero Key Light, and in the Upper Keys, max winds were 61 mph with gusts to 77 mph at Molasses Reef Light. In Key West, rainfall totally 10.05 inches caused extensive street flooding and some residential flooding. At Curry Hammock State Park rainfall totaled 9.89 inches, resulting in widespread flooding.At John Pennekamp State Park in Key Largo, rainfall measured 5.94 inches. Storm tides were estimated at 2.5 feet above mean sea level at Key West, 1 foot at Molasses Reef Light, and 1.5 feet at Curry Hammock State park.Total property damage from the event in Monroe County was estimated at $6.9 million. $5 million of this damage was caused by a tornado in Marathon, and the remainder due to wind and rain damage. October 23, 2005 —The center of Hurricane Wilma moved northeast from the vicinity of Dry Tortugas northeast through 65 miles northwest of Key West during the night of October 23 to 24, 2005. Hurricane Wilma resulted in at least 2 injuries and at least$33 million in damages to Monroe County. In the Upper Keys, maximum winds were measured at 75 mph with gusts to 91 mph and averaged around 70 to 80 mph. In the Middle Keys,maximum winds measured 87 mph with gusts to 105 mph at Sombrero Key Light and averaged an estimated 80 to 90 mph. In the Lower Keys, maximum winds were measured at 71 mph with gusts to 83 mph before instrumentation failed. Peak wind gusts of 123 mph at Cudjoe Key and 133 mph at Dry Tortugas National park were recorded by spotters and park personnel.Overall,winds averaged 80 to 90 mph across the Lower Keys. Monroe County experienced general Category 1 Saffir Simpson damage from wind. Rainfall associated with the storm was fairly light, ranging from 1.5 inches at Pennekamp State Park to 2.39 inches at Duck Key. The most destructive aspect of Hurricane Wilma was the storm surge. In the Upper Keys,Wilma primarily produced one storm tide along the bayside ranging from 4 to 5 feet above sea level with the worst in Lower Matecumbe Key. North of Key Largo, U.S. Route 1 was temporarily flooded at least 3 inches. In the Middle Keys,Wilma caused two separate storm tides.The first was 3 feet above mean sea level along the south shore of Marathon.The second tide was up to 9.5 feet above mean sea level along the north shore of Marathon. At one point during the storm, the City of Marathon was completely under water. Most homes and businesses sustained damage by flooding of 2 to 4 feet with severe electrical, drywall and mold-related damages. Wilma also caused two separate storm tides in the Lower Keys.The first was 4.5 feet above mean sea level along the south shore of Key West.The second ranged from near 6 feet above mean sea level at Key West to 8.5 feet along the north shore of Big Coppitt Key, Cudjoe Key, and Big Pine Key. About 60 percent of Key West was under water, and nearly 12000 vehicles were flooded. Most homes sustained damage by flooding of 2 to 3 feet with severe electrical, drywall and mold-related damages. August 17, 2008 —Tropical Storm Fay moved north from Cuba, through the Florida Straits, and passed north through the Lower Florida Keys. Fay affected mainland Monroe when the storm made landfall on u f::°:iroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1151 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT August 191h near Cape Romano. Across the Upper Florida Keys, storm total rainfall ranged from 3.42 inches at Plantation Key to 4.38 inches at Islamorada. The highest sustained wind in the Upper Florida Keys was 37 mph with a peak gust of 53 mph recorded at Upper Matecumbe Key.A peak gust of 60 mph was recorded at the Islamorada Fire Station. Across the Middle Florida Keys, storm total rainfall ranged from 2.45 inches at Long Key to 7.27 inches at Marathon. The highest sustained wind in the Middle Florida Keys of 49 mph with a peak gust of 56 mph was recorded at Long Key. In the Lower Keys, storm total rainfall ranged from 3.35 inches at Key West International Airport to 7.05 inches at Ramrod Key. The highest sustained wind of 38 mph with a peak gust of 51 mph was recorded at Key West International Airport. A peak gust of 54 mph was recorded at Cudjoe Key. In mainland Monroe County, maximum sustained winds were estimated to be around 60mph at landfall and increased to around 65 mph. The Keys also experienced minor coastal storm tides during this event. In the Upper Keys such tides peaked at 2.5 feet above mean sea level along the south shore of Lower Matecumbe Key, equating to a storm surge less than one foot above astronomical tide levels. Similarly coastal storm tide peaked at 2.5 feet above mean sea level along the south shore of Marathon and in the Lower Keys. One direct serious injury due to wind-blown debris occurred in Marathon, but no fatalities were reported. 25,000 people,mainly visitors and nonresidents of the Florida Keys,were evacuated.Countywide Tourism losses were estimated at 8 to 10 million dollars. Damage and preparedness costs to government facilities and infrastructure totaled 2.8 million dollars, with about one million dollars due to coastal flooding damage to roads, and 200,000 dollars due to erosion. Approximately 120,000 dollars damaged occurred due to wind. 2 tornadoes occurred in the Lower Keys,with no structural damage reported. Total damage due to the tornadoes was approximately one thousand dollars. September 9-10, 2017 — Hurricane Irma made landfall over the Lower Florida Keys as a category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale, with the eye crossing directly over Cudjoe Key. Due to the large radius of hurricane-force winds, destructive hurricane-force winds and storm surge impacted all of the Florida Keys. Extensive damage to residences, businesses, electric, water and communications utilities resulted. When Irma made landfall over Cudjoe Key, it had maximum sustained winds near 130 mph.The highest sustained winds in the Lower Florida Keys were measured at 70 mph at the Key West Harbor,with a peak measured gust at 120 mph at the Key Deer National Wildlife Refuge and a private residence on Big Pine Key. Storm survey evidence estimated the highest 3-second wind gusts on Big Pine Key and Scout Key, at 150 to 160 mph. Rainfall totals of 6 to 12 inches were measured at available rain gauges, with a maximum of 12.54 inches at the Key Deer Wildlife Refuge on Big Pine Key. Maximum storm surge in the Lower Florida Keys was measured at 5 to 8 feet from Sugarloaf Key through Duck Keys, with total water height reaching a maximum of 5 to 6 feet above ground level in eastern Big Pine Key,and wave wash marks up to 20 feet above mean high water along Long Beach Road on the south side of Big Pine Key. In the Middle Florida Keys, storm surge estimates of 5 to 8 feet were evident from Marathon and Key Colony Beach, Grassy Key, and Duck Key. Storm surge values of 3 to 5 feet were observed from Conch Key through Long Key and Layton. Total water height ranged from around 4 to 5 feet above ground level along the western edge of Marathon and Key Colony Beach to about 2 feet above ground level in Layton. In the Upper Keys,storm surge of 3 to 4 feet was observed throughout Islamorada through Ocean Reef,as well as along Barnes Sound near Manatee Bay. Total water heights were generally 2 to 4 feet above ground level. In the Upper Keys, flooding of oceanside residences and businesses up to 2 feet occurred. In the Middle Keys, numerous mobile homes were destroyed in Marathon as the storm surge pushed them off their foundations. In the Lower Keys, major damage to mobile homes and marinas was observed along the oceanside, especially from Ramrod Key,through Big Pine Key,through Ohio Key.The eastbound lanes of U.S. Highway 1 were washed out just east of the Bahia Honda State Park entrance. Many residences and Nftrtiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT businesses were flooded at the maximum surge. More than 1,300 vessels were damaged or destroyed, requiring removal from the coastal waters. Differing reports detail injuries and fatalities attributed to the storm differently. NCEI reports a total of 10 fatalities—4 of which were directly attributed to the storm —and 40 direct injuries. Direct reports from Monroe County and the incorporated jurisdictions list no deaths(Layton, Key Colony Beach, Islamorada), 3 deaths (Key West), and 13 deaths (Monroe). Key West also reported 6 injuries. The list below summarizes other damages reported by the County and incorporated jurisdictions: 85%of housing stock impacted, more than 4,000 homes destroyed or damaged (Monroe County); Commercial lobster industry lost$3.7 million in traps, estimated economic loss of$38.9 million; � 80%of businesses suffered extended losses; Tourism industry($2.7 billion)suffered long term impacts; Extended power outages(11 days in most areas, up to 20 days to restore entire grid),some water system impacts; Airports,schools, re-entry,and ports closed for as little as 7 and up to 15 days; $25 million in property damages and $12 million in infrastructure damage, $16 million in economic impacts. NFIP flood damage claims paid $12.4 million (Key West); 1 destroyed commercial building, 30 majorly damaged commercial buildings,83 minorly damaged commercial buildings, 193 destroyed homes, 355 majorly damaged homes, 766 minorly damaged homes. Probability of Future Occurrence In the 20-year period from 2000 through 2019, 18 hurricanes and tropical storms have impacted Monroe County,which equates to a 90 percent annual probability of hurricane winds impacting the planning area in any given year.This probability does not account for impacts from hurricane rains or storm surge,which may also be severe. The probability of a hurricane or tropical storm impacting Monroe County is likely. Figure 4.13 shows, for any location, the chance of a hurricane or tropical storm affecting the area sometime during the Atlantic hurricane season. The figure was created by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Hurricane Research Division, using data from 1944 to 1999. The figure shows the number of times a storm or hurricane was located within approximately 100 miles (165 kilometers) of a given spot in the Atlantic basin. Nftrtiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure . —Empirical Probability of a Named Hurricaneor Tropical Storm 50N 12 1d 45N 40N 3D �i�rri 30N r� 42 w w ,�f��„ r,4,2 35 5 .. r/F / 25N 4 ,, 42 i/ . �Wrrrr . . .3D/ii 15 rrrrrrrrrr 30� '% / v/ 20N 42 r. iiiiii/ r it i✓/%/iiri1 In '4'15 10N io2 1d i 6 � 5N 90w Bow 7DW 60W 5 W 4W 30w 26W �II®IID -- 6 1 7 18 )4 TM 36 47 48 54 M Source:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,Hurricane Research Division Florida has over 8,000 miles of coastline that often gets hit by direct storms. The state is very vulnerable to the impacts of hurricanes and tropical storms as detailed in this section. Substantial hurricane damage is typically most likely to be expected in the coastal counties of the state; however, hurricane and tropical storm-force winds have significantly impacted areas far inland. Probability:3—Likely Climate Change Monroe County's coastal location makes it a prime target for hurricane landfalls and changing climate and weather conditions may increase the number and frequency of future hurricane events. Hurricanes and other coastal storms may result in increased flooding, injuries, deaths, and extreme property loss. According to the US Government Accountability Office, national storm losses from changing frequency and intensity of storms is projected to increase anywhere from $4-6 billion soon. According to NOAA,weather extremes will likely cause more frequent, stronger storms in the future due to rising surface temperatures. NOAA models predict that while there may be less frequent, low-category storm events (Tropical Storms, Category 1 Hurricanes), there will be more, high-category storm events (Category 4 and 5 Hurricanes) in the future.This means that there may be fewer hurricanes overall in any M.m:°a oe C:::tu�iu t ,11m uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1154 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT given year, but when hurricanes do form, it is more likely that they will become large storms that can create massive damage. Warning and Evacuation Procedures Warning Monroe County Emergency Management employs Alert!Monroe mass notification system to share emergency notifications with residents quickly. Messages are pushed out to residents on preferred primary and secondary contact paths, including cell phone, SMS/text, home phone, or email. Residents listed in public phonebook databases are automatically subscribed, but the County encourages residents to self-register cell phones and emails.The system can provide alerts to all users in the County as well as tailored information to specific geographical areas and neighborhoods. Evacuation Per Monroe County 's 2017 Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan, the County is the most vulnerable area in the United States to the threat of tropical cyclones.The low-lying islands that make up the Florida Keys are connected by 42 bridges and one single thoroughfare,the Overseas Highway or U.S. 1. For these reasons, an evacuation plan is especially necessary. The county has five main evacuation objectives: Return of non-residents to the mainland; Promote early voluntary evacuation; Relocate vulnerable populations; � Selective evacuation of specific zones; and Phased,general evacuation to mainland. Various factors are considered when the Director of Emergency Management decides to implement a mandatory phased evacuation and how far in advance to do so. Historic trends illustrate base clearance times for evacuating the keys ranges from 24 to 48 hours, with a minimum of 12 hours and a maximum of 30-plus hours. Another factor to consider is the time of year based on population changes due to tourism. For Tropical Storms and Category 1 and 2 hurricanes, all visitors will be asked to evacuate out of the County, Special Needs residents will be transported to an in-county shelter or out of the County to the Monroe County shelter at Florida International University, and mobile home residents will either be sheltered in-county or asked to evacuate. For a category 3 storm or greater, a phased evacuation is implemented, including all visitors, hospitals, special needs residents, and the general population. The evacuation timeline is as follows: Approximately 48 hours in advance of tropical storm winds, mandatory evacuation is initiated for non-residents,visitors, recreational vehicles,travel trailers, live-aboards, and military personnel. Approximately 36 hours in advance of tropical storm winds, mandatory evacuation is initiated for mobile home residents,special needs residents, and hospital and nursing home patients. Approximately 24 to 30 hours in advance of tropical storm winds, mandatory phased evacuation of permanent residents is initiated. The phased evacuation is accomplished through the determination of zones. The five zones, as seen in Figure 4.14, allow for selective evacuation, phased evacuation, and in-county shelter options. The five zones are as follows: Zone 1: City of Key West, including Stock Island and Key Haven,to the Boca Chica Bridge (U.S. 1 Mile Marker(MM) 1—MM 6) Nftrtiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1155 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Zone 2: Boca Chica Bridge to the west edge of the 7-Mile Bridge (MM6-MM40) Zone 3:West end of the 7-Mile Bridge to the end of Long Key Bridge(MM40-MM63) Zone 4:West end of the Long Key Bridge to the confluence of CR 905 and 905A(3-way stop) (MM63-MM106) Zone 5: CR 905A to and including Ocean Reef(MM106-MM126.5) Although mainland Monroe is not heavily populated,National Parks Services employees and their families who reside there would evacuate to hurricane rated hotels, motels, or facilities and private residents would evacuate to Miami-Dade shelters.The sequence of the evacuation by zone may vary by individual storms.This evacuation plan applies to all municipalities to ensure safety of all county residents. M.ortu oe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1156 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure . —Hurricane Evacuationones Broward Collier Y ly 4 Miami-Dade Monroe 1 w A, A A� � h Islamorada Marathon Layton a Key Colony FF m:w Beach Key Vest l/ s., 0 8 15 24 32 Legend Miles Evacuation Zones t",j Monroe County Map Created By:LAW HighwaysI Counties Date Created:6/11/2020 Sources.Etri,FEMA,M—roe ,,,„�• c�u:�zy FL If, Municipalities a Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1157 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Vulnerability Assessment People The very young, the elderly and the handicapped are especially vulnerable to harm from hurricanes. For those who are unable to evacuate for medical reasons,there should be provision to take care of special- needs patients and those in hospitals and nursing homes. Many of these patients are either oxygen- dependent, insulin-dependent, or in need of intensive medical care. There is a need to provide ongoing treatment for these vulnerable citizens, either on the coast or by air evacuation to upland hospitals. The stress from disasters such as a hurricane can result in immediate and long-term physical and emotional health problems among victims. Individuals in mobile homes are more vulnerable to hurricane winds, especially if their unit does not have tie downs and other wind safety measures. This is further evidenced by Monroe County's emphasis on evacuating manufactured home residents.Overall,there are 6,849 mobile home units in Monroe County, making up almost 13% of the County's total housing stock. Over 16 percent of the housing stock in Marathon is mobile home units. Additionally,there are over 5,000 mobile home units in unincorporated Monroe County, again making up close to 13 percent of the total housing stock.These communities may face more severe impacts from hurricane events as a result. Table 4.28 shows mobile home units by jurisdiction. Table —Mobile Home Units by Jurisdiction, Jurisdiction Total Housing Units Mobile Home Units Mobile Home Units, Percent of Total City of Key Colony Beach 1,421 0 0% City of Key West 5,206 493 3.6% City of Layton 181 0 0% City of Marathon 5,919 958 16.2% Village of Islamorada 6,055 162 2.7% Unincorporated Monroe County 34,641 5,236 12.8% Total 1 53,423 6,849 12.8% Source:American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates,2018 I lii iirn a i e d S e III i e ur 01 e e: The Hazus analyses performed for this vulnerability assessment estimate the number of households that are expected to be displaced from their homes due to various hurricane risks as well as the number of displaced people that will require accommodations in temporary public shelters. Table 4.29 below summarizes shelter needs for a storm event similar to Hurricane Irma, as well as probabilistic 50-, 100-, and 200-year hurricane events. Table —Estimated Shelter Needs, HurricaneScenarios, r County Event Type Displaced Households Residents in Need of Temporary Shelter Hurricane Irma Equivalent 487 257 50-year hurricane event 3,236 1,538 100-year hurricane event 7,232 3,548 200-year hurricane event 1 13,226 1 7,017 Source:Hazus Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1158 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Property Hurricanes can cause catastrophic damage to coastlines and several hundred miles inland. Hurricanes can produce winds exceeding 157 mph as well as tornadoes and microbursts. Additionally, hurricanes often bring intense rainfall that can result in flash flooding. Floods and flying debris from the excessive winds are often the deadly and most destructive results of hurricanes. Two Hazus level 1 analyses were used to determine hurricane risk. The first simulated the wind losses experienced during Hurricane Irma in 2017.The second was based on probabilistic parameters for the 50- year, 100-year, and 200-year return periods.This analysis produced estimates of the likelihood of varying levels of damage as well as building-related economic losses. Note that Hazus only assesses hurricane wind and does not account for any other hazards associated with hurricane. Table 4.30 provides the likelihood of damage at varying levels of severity by occupancy type expected for a storm of magnitude similar to Hurricane Irma (2017). Table 4.31 provides the likelihood of damage at varying levels of severity by occupancy type during three probabilistic hurricane events-a 50-year, 100- year, and 200-year return period. During an event of magnitude similar to Hurricane Irma's, more than 31% of buildings in the County are estimated to potentially sustain damages. 37%, 43%, and 64% of buildings in the county are likely to sustain damage during the 50-year, 100-year, and 500-year return period events, respectively. Table -Likelihood Severity and Occupancy, Hurricane Irma it Buildings Likelihood of Damage(%) Occupancy at Risk Value at Risk None Minor Moderate Severe Destruction Agriculture 151 $40,123,000 64.07% 20.05% 9.45% 5.37% 1.06% Commercial 7,946 $2,115,305,000 66.48% 17.77% 12.22% 3.46% 7.00% Education 284 $75,257,000 67.71% 17.81% 10.73% 3.74% 0.00% Government 506 $134,552,000 63.65% 18.72% 12.84% 4.79% 0.00% Industrial 988 $262,460,000 67.31% 17.06% 11.01% 4.44% 18.00% Religion 671 $178,320,000 66.27% 20.68% 9.81% 3.24% 0.00% Residential 36,730 $9,778,592,000 69.19% 21.41% 7.70% 1.06% 0.63% Total 47,277 $12,584,609,000 68.88% 21.06% 8.09% 1.32% 0.58% Source:Hazus Table -Likelihood Severity and Occupancy, -, -,and 500-year Hurricane Event Buildings Likelihood of Damage(%) Occupancy at Risk Value at Risk None Minor Moderate Severe Destruction 50-year Hurricane Event Agriculture 151 $40,123,000 50.60% 11.97% 11.81% 17.23% 8.40% Commercial 7,946 $2,115,305,000 63.30% 7.48% 10.27% 16.11% 2.84% Education 284 $75,257,000 64.58% 5.59% 7.03% 20.65% 2.15% Government 506 $134,552,000 70.40% 4.87% 5.91% 17.11% 1.70% Industrial 988 $262,460,000 61.74% 7.59% 9.75% 19.08% 1.84% Religion 671 $178,320,000 58.93% 8.45% 10.23% 19.56% 2.82% Residential 36,730 $9,778,592,000 62.27% 13.01% 10.49% 7.36% 6.87% Total 47,277 $12,584,609,000 62.26% 12.48% 10.44% 8.28% 6.47% 100-year Hurricane Event Agriculture 151 $40,123,000 52.82% 8.20% 8.35% 20.49% 10.14% Commercial 7,946 $2,115,305,000 65.05% 5.90% 6.58% 18.63% 3.64% Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1159 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Buildings Likelihood of Damage(%) Occupancy at Risk Value at Risk None Minor Moderate Severe Destruction Education 284 $75,257,000 63.45% 5.69% 5.68% 23.25% 1.92% Government 506 $134,552,000 62.39% 5.43% 5.03% 25.36% 1.79% Industrial 988 $262,460,000 61.54% 6.17% 6.25% 23.79% 2.25% Religion 671 $178,320,000 61.09% 6.15% 6.76% 22.26% 3.73% Residential 36,730 $9,778,592,000 56.11% 8.26% 8.53% 12.21% 14.89% Total 47,277 $12,584,609,000 56.80% 8.04% 8.33% 12.98% 13.78% 500-year Hurricane Event Agriculture 151 $40,123,000 43.67% 6.98% 14.22% 25.82% 9.32% Commercial 7,946 $2,115,305,000 34.71% 5.31% 14.89% 41.48% 3.61% Education 284 $75,257,000 32.85% 5.72% 13.68% 46.93% 0.82% Government 506 $134,552,000 23.11% 5.38% 14.26% 56.45% 0.81% Industrial 988 $262,460,000 37.54% 4.51% 11.46% 44.22% 2.27% Religion 671 $178,320,000 32.84% 7.62% 17.76% 40.14% 1.63% Residential 36,730 $9,778,592,000 35.93% 10.50% 18.92% 20.92% 13.72% Total 47,277 $12,584,609,000 1 35.81% 1 10.00% 1 18.48% 22.93% 12.71% Source:Hazus Table 4.32 details estimated property damages from a replication of Hurricane Irma by occupancy type. Table 4.33 details estimated property damages from the 50-year, 100-year, and 200-year hurricane wind events by occupancy type. Table -Estimated PropertyHurricane Irma Replication Area Residential I Commercial Industrial Others Total Hurricane Irma(2017)Replication Building $295,867,820 $45,968,780 $5,819,990 $8,186,850 $355,843,450 Content $57,902,090 $23,420,530 $3,896,930 $4,222,040 $89,441,580 Inventory $0 $639,190 $649,190 $71,360 $1,359,740 Total $353,769,910 $70,028,500 $10,366,110 $12,480,250 $446,644,770 Source:Hazus Table -Estimated Property -year, -year,and 200-year Hurricane Wind Events Area I Residential Commercial Industrial Others Total 50-year Hurricane Event Building $1,349,635,860 $308,503,350 $38,937,140 $50,241,060 $1,747,317,410 Content $537,468,140 $269,549,620 $39,701,570 $40,462,630 $887,181,970 Inventory $0 $6,052,050 $5,800,650 $684,910 $12,537,600 Total $1,887,104,000 $584,105,020 $84,439,360 $91,388,600 $2,647,036,980 100-year Hurricane Event Building $2,246,519,460 $339,447,440 $45,412,820 $65,381,520 $2,696,761,240 Content $935,483,100 $295,858,810 $44,360,440 $52,965,380 $1,328,667,730 Inventory $0 $6,336,580 $6,769,360 $771,590 $13,877,530 Total $3,182,002,560 $641,642,830 $96,542,620 $119,118,490 $4,039,306,500 200-year Hurricane Event Building $2,967,205,030 $585,366,870 $71,563,520 $120,026,750 $3,744,162,160 Content $1,187,573,710 $447,543,370 $65,061,560 $91,654,720 $1,791,833,360 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1160 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Area Residential Commercial Industrial Others Total Inventory $0 $9,800,230 $10,457,540 $691,130 $20,948,890 Total $4,154,778,740 $1,042,710,470 $147,082,620 $212,372,600 $5,556,944,410 Source:Hazus Estimated property damages for an event similar to Hurricane Irma (2017) total $446,644,770 according to this Hazus level 1 analysis. This equates to a loss ratio of 3.5 percent. Estimated losses for a 50-year, 100-year, and 200-year probabilistic wind event total $2,647,036,980, $4,039,306,500, and $5,556,944,410, respectively;this equates to a loss ratio of 21 percent for a 50-year event,32 percent for a 100-year event, and 44 percent for a 200-year return period event.These loss ratios are determined by dividing total estimated losses (from Table 4.32 and Table 4.33) by the total value at risk in the County (from Table 4.30 and Table 4.31). Estimates from a Hazus level 1 analysis are based on 2018 ACS 1-year estimates, and actual losses or loss ratios may be higher depending on development changes in recent years. FEMA considers a loss ratio of 10 percent or more to be an indicator that a community will have significant difficulty recovering from an event. The 50-year, 100-year, or 500-year event will cause significant difficulties for recovery. Damages from an actual hurricane event would likely also involve storm surge and flood impacts that would raise the damage total. Therefore, even a 100-year hurricane event may cause more serious damages that what is reported here from Hazus. Table 4.34 below summarizes the number of parcels impacted by storm surge associated with Category 1 through Category 5 hurricanes. Parcels are counted only once for the lowest category storm they will be affected by; it can be assumed that a parcel affected by storm surge associated with a Category 1 hurricane is also impacted by a Category 2 storm surge. Table -Storm SurgeImpacts by HurricaneCategory, MonroeCounty Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 Occupancy Num %of Num %of Num %of Num %of Num %of Total Total Total Total Total Commercial 750 30.4% 663 26.9% 240 9.7% 43 1.7% 3 0.1% Education 26 52.0% 15 30.0% 5 10.0% 3 6.0% 0 0.0% Government 75 1 31.0% 125 51.7% 1 22 9.1% 1 6 2.5% 1 1 0.4% Industrial 51 33.6% 68 44.7% 19 12.5% 6 3.9% 0 0.0% Religious 39 48.8% 32 40.0% 8 10.0% 1 1.3% 0 0.0% Residential 15,133 39.6% 15,210 39.8% 3,553 9.3% 933 2.4% 42 0.1% Total 1 16,074 39.0% 1 16,113 39.1% 3,847 9.3% 992 2.4% 46 0.1% Source:NOAA SLOSH Data,Monroe County Parcels,2020 Note:Percent of total based off of total parcels in the County from Section 4.4.1 Due to the limitations of a Hazus level 1 analysis, damage estimates for critical facilities could not be calculated. Given equal vulnerability to hurricane winds across all of Monroe County, all critical facilities are considered to be at risk. Certain buildings may perform better than others based on their age and construction, among other factors. Depending on their locations, critical facilities may also be at risk to storm surge flooding. Critical infrastructure, including the Keys' energy transmission pipelines, could also be impacted by hurricane winds. Estimated Debris Generation Hazus estimates the total amount of debris that will be generated by a hurricane, breaking the debris down into four general categories: Brick/Wood, Reinforce Concrete/Steel, Eligible Tree Debris,and Other u f::°:iroe C:::tu ri ty,11ol uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Tree Debris. Hazus also estimates the number of trucks needed to remove the building debris, assuming 25 tons of debris per truck.Table 4.35 summarizes debris and trucks needed by storm event. Table -Estimated DebrisGeneration(tons) Tree Debris Brick/ Concrete/ Building Event Type Total Debris Eligible Other Wood Steel Truckloads Hurricane Irma Equivalent 1,167 29,989 52,107 1,065 84,328 2,127 50-year hurricane event 2,674 87,896 293,939 32,485 416,994 13,057 100-year hurricane event 1,503 3,258 513,206 69,183 587,150 23,296 200-year hurricane event 1,348 3,811 595,462 61,297 661,918 26,270 Source:Hans Economy The disruption of the local economy is an anticipated consequence of hurricanes that directly effects Monroe County. Beyond debris generation and destruction of property that require monetary inputs to haul away and rebuild, hurricanes and tropical storms have other significant impacts on the Monroe County economy.The primary industries in the Keys-retail,service,tourism, and fishing-are all likely to be negatively impacted by a hurricane or tropical storm. Any event causing visitors to stay away would result in losses to local businesses as well as tax revenue for the local economy. Any event that causes a power outage or damage to U.S. 1 is likely to have such impacts on tourism. Further, it has been noted that the perception of damage that lingers after recovery period may continue to keep visitors away. Additionally, the fishing industry would suffer from loss of power (for ice production), loss of communication infrastructure, and damage to U.S. 1 (transport to the mainland. Hazus reports the business interruption losses for a Hurricane Irma equivalent as well as a 50-, 100-, and 200-year probabilistic hurricane wind event as follows: Table -Business Interruption Losses, HurricaneEvent Scenarios, Monroe County Business Interruption Residential I Commercial I Industrial I Others Total Hurricane Irma Equivalent Income $756,930 $7,492,920 $73,780 $354,900 $8,678,540 Relocation $36,586,280 $9,973,330 $671,820 $2,018,020 $49,249,450 Rental Income $20,690,580 $5,751,650 $75,260 $287,720 $26,805,210 Wage $1,772,490 $6,842,360 $125,370 $4,032,800 $12,773,020 Total $59,806,280 $30,060,260 $946,230 $6,693,440 $97,506,220 50-year Hurricane Event Income $14,012,270 $76,996,930 $548,740 $663,510 $92,221,440 Relocation $162,377,870 $45,144,630 $2,531,460 $8,519,930 $218,573,900 Rental Income $81,103,390 $30,811,700 $434,860 $1,213,700 $113,563,650 Wage $32,819,250 $73,259,720 $922,890 $3,379,100 $110,380,950 Total $290,312,780 $226,212,980 $4,437,950 $13,776,240 $534,739,940 100-year Hurricane Event Income $11,204,480 $84,445,860 $636,200 $795,000 $97,081,530 Relocation $276,104,730 $48,490,730 $2,851,850 $11,017,200 $338,464,500 Rental Income $113,634,130 $33,744,450 $482,520 $1,795,960 $149,657,060 Wage $26,237,160 $80,738,080 $1,092,600 $4,790,760 $112,858,600 Total $427,180,500 $247,419,120 $5,063,170 $18,398,920 $698,061,690 200-year Hurricane Event Income $24,315,020 $172,205,510 $1,053,740 $1,142,810 $198,717,090 M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io tda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1162 � SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Business Interruption Residential Commercial Industrial Others Total Relocation $356,330,020 $91,583,860 $4,783,350 $22,757,950 $475,455,190 Rental Income $172,731,980 $64,043,540 $811,530 $4,079,760 $241,666,820 Wage $56,945,300 $160,605,890 $1,813,630 $13,060,800 $232,425,620 Total $610,322,320 $488,438,800 $8,462,250 $41,041,320 $1,148,264,720 Source:Hans Environment Hurricane winds can cause massive damage to the natural environment, uprooting trees and other debris within the storm's path. Animals can either be killed directly by the storm or impacted indirectly through changes in habitat and food availability caused by high winds and intense rainfall. Endangered species can be dramatically impacted. Forests can be completely defoliated by strong winds. Although South Florida ecosystems have adapted to episodic massive disturbances such as hurricanes, the growth of urban environments have altered the natural ecology and thus the ability for those ecosystems to respond and recover from these events. In the Keys,the predominantly coastal floodplain serves different functions than a traditional floodplain and responds to disturbances differently.Although hurricanes are necessary and natural occurrences for the maintenance of the unique natural environment, they can still cause significant damage. The mangroves, which provide protective buffers from wind and storm surge, marshes, pine rockland forests, hardwood hammocks, and reef systems are all important parts of this unique natural environment. Many of these features have suffered significant damage during prior hurricanes. During Hurricane Andrew, many of the mangroves in Everglades National park were damaged; delayed mortality meant this continued well past the end of the storm, a phenomenon that has been observed after prior storms as well.After Hurricane Wilma,storm surge was especially detrimental to the pine rockland forest throughout the Florida Keys National Wildlife Refuge.Additionally,virtually all pines on Cudjoe Key were killed along with high mortality of young and mature trees on Big Pine,Sugarloaf,and Little Torch Keys. Consequence Analysis Table 4.37 summarizes the potential negative consequences of hurricanes and tropical storms. Table —Consequence Analysis—Hurricane and Tropical Storm Category Consequences Public Impacts include injury or death, loss of property, outbreak of diseases, mental trauma and loss of livelihoods. Power outages and flooding are likely to displace people from their homes. Water can become polluted such that if consumed, diseases and infection can be easily spread. Residential, commercial, and public buildings,as well as critical infrastructure such as transportation,water,energy,and communication systems may be damaged or destroyed, resulting in cascading impacts on the public. Responders Localized impact expected to limit damage to personnel in the inundation area at the time of the incident. Continuity of Operations Damage to facilities/personnel from flooding or wind may require temporary (including Continued relocation of some operations. Operations may be interrupted by power outages. Delivery of Services) Disruption of roads and/or utilities may postpone delivery of some services. Regulatory waivers may be needed locally. Fulfillment of some contracts may be difficult. Impact may reduce deliveries. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1163 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Category Consequences Property,Facilities and Structural damage to buildings may occur; loss of glass windows and doors by high Infrastructure winds and debris; loss of roof coverings, partial wall collapses, and other damages requiring significant repairs are possible in a major(category 3 to 5) hurricane. Environment Hurricanes can devastate wooded ecosystems and remove all the foliation from forest canopies, and they can change habitats so drastically that the indigenous animal populations suffer as a result. Specific foods can be taken away as high winds will often strip fruits, seeds and berries from bushes and trees. Secondary impacts may occur; for example, high winds and debris may result in damage to an above- ground fuel tank, resulting in a significant chemical spill. Economic Condition of Local economy and finances adversely affected, possibly for an extended period, the Jurisdiction depending on damages. Intangible impacts also likely, including business interruption and additional living expenses. Public Confidence in the Likely to impact public confidence due to possibility of major event requiring Jurisdiction's Governance substantial response and long-term recovery effort. Associated Hazards Natural hazards are, more often than not, interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to, or be spurred by, another hazard—sometimes referred to as cascading disasters. Tropical Cyclones may be associated with: Storm Surge, Flood, Coastal Erosion, Sea Level Rise, and Tornado Changes in Development While increased development will not impact the incidence of hurricane wind, it will lead to more exposure, which in turn may increase risk.This is especially true for mobile home development, which is more at risk to wind. In Monroe County, mobile home development is limited by its ordinances — particularly limiting new mobile homes to designated mobile home parks and dictate the height at which these homes may be elevated. Like flooding, increased development will likely lead to increased impervious surfaces,which could potentially increase the impacts and patterns of storm surge. Because the County relies almost entirely on the Overseas Highway for evacuation purposes, any future development will impact evacuation time.The County has implemented a Rate of Growth Ordinance for both residential and non-residential development to keep evacuation time under 24 hours. Problem Statements The evacuation of the Florida Keys occurs entirely on US Highway 1—if this highway becomes impassable due to rain or other roadblocks, evacuation would become increasingly difficult. The County and participating jurisdictions must continue to prioritize vulnerable communities, including keeping the special needs registry used during evacuations up to date.There is continued concern that these groups may not respond to evacuation orders;transportation to the mainland is also a concern. The County and jurisdictions rely on shelters on the mainland during evacuation times— availability of shelter space within and outside of the County is a concern as the County and region grow. Communities with greater shares of mobile home units—such as Marathon and Unincorporated Monroe County—are more vulnerable to hurricane winds. Visitors to Monroe County during the summer months may burden evacuation times. The population of Monroe County increases during the late autumn and winter; late in hurricane season,this increase in population may overburden the shelter capacity. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1164 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT In Key West and Layton,greater than 90 percent of all parcels will likely be impacted by storm surge associated with a Category 2 hurricane. Hazard Summary by Jurisdiction The following table summarizes tropical cyclone hazard risk by jurisdiction. Due to its coastal geography, the entire county is susceptible to the impacts of hurricanes, tropical storms, and the associated storm surges and flooding. While hurricanes have the possibility of being catastrophic across all jurisdictions, certain areas have higher vulnerability. Impacts may be greater in more highly developed areas with greater amounts of impervious surface and higher exposure in terms of both property and population density. Areas with more mobile homes are also more vulnerable to damage, while areas with higher property values have greater overall exposure and potential for damages. Despite these differences, all jurisdictions have the possibility for catastrophic impacts. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial Extent Warning Time Duration Score Priority Key Colony Beach 3 4 4 1 3 3.3 H Key West 3 4 4 1 3 3.3 H Layton 3 4 4 1 3 3.3 H Marathon 3 4 4 1 3 3.3 H Islamorada 3 4 4 1 3 3.3 H Unincorporated 3 4 4 1 3 3.3 H Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1165� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT 4.5.3 Severe Storms (Thunderstorm Wind, Lightning, and Hail) Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Severe Storms Highly Likely Limited Large Less than 6 hrs Less than 6 hrs (Thunderstorm) Severe Storms Highly Likely Minor Negligible Less than 6 hrs Less than 6 hrs (Lightning) Severe Storms(Hail) Highly Likely Minor Small Less than 6 hrs Less than 6 hrs Hazard Description I""Ilhi ii.u u :l ur IIC iiriinn Wliiinds Thunderstorms result from the rapid upward movement of warm, moist air.They can occur inside warm, moist air masses and at fronts. As the warm, moist air moves upward, it cools, condenses, and forms cumulonimbus clouds that can reach heights of greater than 35,000 ft. As the rising air reaches its dew point,water droplets and ice form and begin falling the long distance through the clouds towards earth's surface.As the droplets fall,they collide with other droplets and become larger.The falling droplets create a downdraft of air that spreads out at earth's surface and causes strong winds associated with thunderstorms. There are four ways in which thunderstorms can organize: single cell, multi-cell cluster, multi-cell lines (squall lines), and supercells. Even though supercell thunderstorms are most frequently associated with severe weather phenomena,thunderstorms most frequently organize into clusters or lines.Warm,humid conditions are favorable for the development of thunderstorms.The average single cell thunderstorm is approximately 15 miles in diameter and lasts less than 30 minutes at a single location. However, thunderstorms, especially when organized into clusters or lines, can travel intact for distances exceeding 600 miles. Thunderstorms are responsible for the development and formation of many severe weather phenomena, posing great hazards to the population and landscape. Damage that results from thunderstorms is mainly inflicted by downburst winds, large hailstones,and flash flooding caused by heavy precipitation. Stronger thunderstorms can produce tornadoes and waterspouts. While conditions for thunderstorm conditions may be anticipated within a few hours, severe conditions are difficult to predict. Regardless of severity, storms generally pass within a few hours. Warning Time: 4—Less than six hours Duration:1—Less than six hours L lii F Ilh t iin lii iin F Lightning is a sudden electrical discharge released from the atmosphere that follows a course from cloud to ground, cloud to cloud, or cloud to surrounding air, with light illuminating its path. Lightning's unpredictable nature causes it to be one of the most feared weather elements. All thunderstorms produce lightning, which often strikes outside of the area where it is raining and is known to fall more than 10 miles away from the rainfall area. When lightning strikes, electricity shoots through the air and causes vibrations creating the sound of thunder. A bolt of lightning can reach temperatures approaching 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit. Nationwide, lightning kills 75 to 100 people each year. Lightning strikes can also start building fires and wildland fires, and damage electrical systems and equipment. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1166;� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT The watch/warning time for a given storm is usually a few hours. There is no warning time for any given lightning strike. Lightning strikes are instantaneous. Storms that cause lightning usually pass within a few hours. Warning Time: 4—Less than six hours Duration:1—less than six hours iIamliilll According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), hail is precipitation that is formed when updrafts in thunderstorms carry raindrops upward into extremely cold areas of the atmosphere causing them to freeze.The raindrops form into small frozen droplets and then continue to grow as they encounter super-cooled water which will freeze on contact with the frozen rain droplet.This frozen rain droplet can continue to grow and form hail. If the updraft forces can support or suspend the weight of the hailstone, hail can continue to grow. At the time when the updraft can no longer support the hailstone, it will fall to the earth. For example, a V diameter or pea sized hail requires updrafts of 24 mph, while a 2 %" diameter or baseball sized hail requires an updraft of 81 mph. The largest hailstone recorded in the United States was found in Vivian, South Dakota on July 23,2010; it measured eight inches in diameter,almost the size of a soccer ball.While soccer-ball-sized hail is the exception, but even small pea sized hail can do damage. Hailstorms in Florida cause damage to property,crops,and the environment,and kill and injure livestock. In the United States, hail causes more than $1 billion in damage to property and crops each year. Much of the damage inflicted by hail is to crops. Even relatively small hail can shred plants to ribbons in a matter of minutes.Vehicles, roofs of buildings and homes, and landscaping are the other things most commonly damaged by hail. Hail has been known to cause injury to humans; occasionally,these injuries can be fatal. The onset of thunderstorms with hail is generally rapid. However, advancements in meteorological forecasting allow for some warning. Storms usually pass in a few hours. Warning Time: 4—Less than 6 hours Duration: 1—Less than 6 hours Location Thunderstorm wind, lightning, and hail events do not have a defined vulnerability zone. The scope of lightning and hail is generally confined to the footprint of its associated thunderstorm. The entirety of Monroe County shares equal risk to the threat of severe weather. According to the Vaisala 2019 Annual Lightning Report, Florida had 228 lightning events per square mile, more than any other state.According to Vaisala's flash density map,shown in Figure 4.15, Monroe County is in an area that experiences 12 to 28 lightning flashes per square mile per year. It should be noted that future lightning occurrences may exceed these figures. Spatial Extent(Thunderstorm Winds):4—Large Spatial Extent(Lightning):1—Negligible Hailstorms frequently accompany thunderstorms,so their locations and spatial extents coincide. Monroe County is uniformly exposed to severe thunderstorms; therefore, the entire planning area is equally exposed to hail which may be produced by such storms. However, large-scale hail tends to occur in a more localized area within the storm. Spatial Extent:2—Small M.ortu oe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure . —Lightning Flash Density( - ) 1� ( � ✓✓ �J � °1 l�ta"77,7 i N r � �� � J r�/ � r � a R ���✓ ✓������fi��✓ r fs✓m1"e��f�� � mo? r �al �' �,� ^ �( � r s k l I � ✓ �' y� f S r i ✓R l� n+U s ( ) I'`.. f r! I r �,;Y a Y .I I � e� �.� m. !� � r � r r i ¢ r �� ✓�o k,l j r � r ' ��"!�. !17 r�� >I✓/ ✓��4�� 7 Y f � y�� ?' ✓��`✓� � �� �I y r �y rr a �" � '. "V LA f rIr �' I ✓ i "y� rah � r"W � �i (� �' ,✓1J x�r 9r hr/ ✓ � i i ;✓ � i qq r� h i��rr ✓ s ,u� � ry {',1 ���. ��lr l� � �f� r^' P r j � r�� if � 9 r ,✓ ��� �����r r i� r � " J Irk f j, 1 r ✓ { �" � ✓ �r ✓ b ! C^"� .u..� ✓`n %9 � I ✓r r � �' �� � �� ✓�,'AIM y��y t A' r � �Yrr�'��w'` �� �i r r ✓ r r ✓ r �' Flash DC9"N61ty . G'r' tr r ✓(JI^ I'p�al�aaCa�u�MiUYVal' N !r fl r .. l" �' .2P Wiat'ional Lightning Detection Network � �� �� 2 � 5 22008-2017 V r' 0, 10 f1,75 VA ISALA �Vai&aha 204S.All d9hima.mstamd Farm&spyoY pueirparsas anlyv.amup ath.,nam is P'.hI Rad aaAlt,a h pr8eda whW"' IS'n"WPm'Rall& Source: Vaisala Extent I""III° ii.a iin d le iirs t o ur urn W lii iin: The magnitude of a thunderstorm event can be defined by the storm's maximum wind speed and its impacts. NCEI divides wind events into several types including High Wind, Strong Wind, Thunderstorm Wind, Tornado and Hurricane. For this severe weather risk assessment, High Wind, Strong Wind and Thunderstorm Wind data was collected. Hurricane Wind and Tornadoes are addressed as individual hazards. The following definitions come from the NCEI Storm Data Preparation document. High Wind—Sustained non-convective winds of 40mph or greater lasting for one hour or longer or winds(sustained or gusts) of 58 mph for any duration on a widespread or localized basis. Strong Wind— Non-convective winds gusting less than 58 mph, or sustained winds less than 40 mph, resulting in a fatality, injury, or damage. Thunderstorm Wind—Winds, arising from convection (occurring within 30 minutes of lightning being observed or detected), with speeds of at least 58 mph, or winds of any speed (non-severe thunderstorm winds below 58 mph) producing a fatality, injury or damage. The strongest recorded thunderstorm wind event in the county occurred on February 2, 1998 when a C- MAN instrument recorded a peak wind speed of 119 mph at Long Key. Elsewhere in the County, winds ranged from 46 mph to 96 mph.The event caused one fatality when a man was crushed between a boat and a dock, but no injuries or damages. Impact:2—Limited L lii E Ilh t iin lii iin E Lightning is measured by the Lightning Activity Level (LAL) scale, created by the NWS to define lightning activity into a specific categorical scale. The LAL is a common parameter that is part of fire weather forecasts nationwide. The scale is shown in Table 4.38. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1168�� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Table —Lightning civi Level Scale Lightning Activity Level Scale LAL 1 No thunderstorms LAL 2 Isolated thunderstorms. Light rain will occasionally reach the ground. Lightning is very infrequent, 1 to 5 cloud to ground lightning strikes in a five-minute period LAL 3 Widely scattered thunderstorms. Light to moderate rain will reach the ground. Lightning is infrequent,6 to 10 cloud to ground strikes in a five-minute period LAL 4 Scattered thunderstorms. Moderate rain is commonly produced. Lightning is frequent, 11 to 15 cloud to ground strikes in a five-minute period LAL 5 Numerous thunderstorms. Rainfall is moderate to heavy. Lightning is frequent and intense, greater than 15 cloud to ground strikes in a five-minute period [LAL 6 Dry lightning(same as LAL 3 but without rain). This type of lightning has the potential for extreme fire activity and is normally highlighted in fire weather forecasts with a Red Flag warning Source: National Weather Service With the right conditions in place,the entire county is susceptible to each lightning activity level as defined by the LAL. Most lightning strikes cause limited damage to specific structures in a limited area, and cause very few injuries or fatalities, and minimal disruption on quality of life. While the total area vulnerable to a lightning strike corresponds to the footprint of a given thunderstorm, a specific lightning strike is usually a localized event and occurs randomly. It should be noted that while lightning is most often affiliated with severe thunderstorms, it may also strike outside of heavy rain and might occur as far as 10 miles away from any rainfall. All of Monroe County is exposed to lightning. Impact: 1 —Minor i..I am 11 111 The NWS classifies hail by diameter size, and corresponding everyday objects to help relay scope and severity to the population. Table 4.39 indicates the hailstone measurements utilized by the NWS. Table —Hailstone MeasurementComparison Average Diameter Corresponding Household Object .25 inch Pea .5 inch Marble/Mothball .75 inch Dime/Penny .875 inch Nickel 1.0 inch Quarter 1.5 inch Ping-pong ball 1.75 inch Golf ball 2.0 inch Hen egg 2.5 inch Tennis ball 2.75 inch Baseball 3.00 inch Teacup 4.00 inch Grapefruit 4.5 inch Softball Source: National Weather Service The Tornado and Storm Research Organization (TORRO) has further described hail sizes by their typical damage impacts.Table 4.40 describes typical intensity and damage impacts of the various sizes of hail. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Table —Tornado and StormResearch Organization ilor Intensity Scale Intensity Diameter Diameter Size Category (mm) (inches) Description Typical Damage Impacts Hard Hail 5-9 0.2-0.4 Pea No damage Potentially 10-15 0.4-0.6 Mothball Slight general damage to plants,crops Damaging Significant 16-20 0.6-0.8 Marble,grape Significant damage to fruit,crops,vegetation Severe 21-30 0.8-1.2 Walnut Severe damage to fruit and crops,damage to glass and plastic structures,paint and wood scored Severe 31-40 1.2-1.6 Pigeon's egg> Widespread glass damage,vehicle bodywork damage squash ball Destructive 41-50 1.6-2.0 Golf ball> Wholesale destruction of glass,damage to tiled roofs, Pullet's egg significant risk of injuries Destructive 51-60 2.0-2.4 Hen's egg Bodywork of grounded aircraft dented, brick walls pitted Destructive 61-75 2.4-3.0 Tennis ball > Severe roof damage, risk of serious injuries cricket ball Destructive 76-90 3.0-3.5 Large orange Severe damage to aircraft bodywork >softball Super 91-100 3.6-3.9 Grapefruit Extensive structural damage. Risk of severe or even Hailstorms fatal injuries to persons caught in the open Super >100 4.0+ Melon Extensive structural damage. Risk of severe or even Hailstorms fatal injuries to persons caught in the open Source:Tornado and Storm Research Organization(TORRO),Department of Geography,Oxford Brookes University Notes:In addition to hail diameter,factors including number and density of hailstones,hail fall speed and surface wind speeds affect severity. The average hailstone size recorded between 2000 and 2019 in Monroe County was a little over 1" in diameter;the largest hailstone recorded was 1.75", recorded on April 27,2003.The largest hailstone ever recorded in the U.S. fell in Vivian, SD on June 23, 2010, with a diameter of 8 inches and a circumference of 18.62 inches. Impact:1—Minor Historical Occurrences "I"III° ii.u u n d e iirs t o ur urn W lii u n u'" Between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2019, the NCEI recorded 42 separate incidents of thunderstorm winds, occurring on 28 separate days.These events caused $144,150 in recorded property damage, but no crop damages,fatalities, injuries were reported. The recorded gusts averaged 59.9 miles per hour,with the highest gusts recorded at 92.1 mph, recorded on November 25, 2009.Of these events, 23 caused property damage. Wind gusts with property damage recorded averaged $6,267 in damage, with one gust causing a reported $60,000 in damage (in Marathon on August 9, 2006). These incidents are aggregated by the date the events occurred and are recorded in Table 4.41 below: Table —Recorded Thunderstorm Wi ro County,2000-2011.9 Location Date Wind(mph)Speed Fatalities Injuries Property Damage Key Largo 8/15/2000 58 0 0 $0 Marathon 8/26/2000 63 0 0 $0 Marathon 7/21/2001 -- 0 0 $0 Islamorada 7/22/2001 -- 0 0 $0 Islamorada 7/29/2001 58 0 0 $0 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1170 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Location Date Wind(mph)Speed Fatalities Injuries Property Damage Plantation Key, Islamorada,Stock Island, Big Pine Key 9/29/2001* 58 0 0 $0 Ocean Reef 1/2/2002 64 0 0 $0 Key West 9/11/2002 58 0 0 $500 Key West NAS 12/9/2002 63 0 0 $5,000 Cudjoe Key 5/20/2003 58 0 0 $500 Key West, Key West Int'I Airport 5/5/2005* 58 0 0 $500 Marathon 6/2/2005 69 0 0 $60,000 Cudjoe Key 4/11/2007* 62 0 0 $500 Key Largo,Ocean Reef 6/13/2007* 64 0 0 $8,500 Sugarloaf Key, Key West Int'I Airport 11/30/2008* 64 0 0 $0 Key Colony Beach, Marathon 2/2/2009* 70 0 0 $1,500 Big Coppitt Island 6/11/2009 51 0 0 $700 Stock Is 8/5/2009 45 0 0 $500 Marathon 11/25/2009* 92 0 0 $50,000 Long Key 2/12/2010 58 0 0 $0 Upper Key Largo 4/26/2010 60 0 0 $1,700 Grassy Key 12/18/2010 52 0 0 $1,000 Marathon,Stock Island, Key West Int'I Airport 1/17/2011* 52 0 0 $2,500 Tavernier 3/28/2011 63 0 0 $10,000 Key West NAS 8/24/2011 49 0 0 $500 Cudjoe Key 10/3/2011 49 0 0 $250 Tavernier 10/8/2011 60 0 0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 6/10/2015 59 0 0 $0 Total 0 0 $144,150 Source:NCEI;Note:*Multiple events occurred on these dates.Injury,fatality,and damage stats are totaled;wind speed is highest reported. In addition to recorded thunderstorm wind events, NCEI reports 3 high wind events during this same period. One such event, on August 1, 2001, caused one fatality. A separate event, on January 11, 2012, caused $2,000 in property damage. L lii E Ilh t iin lii iin E According to NCEI data, there were 11 lightning strikes reported between 2000 and 2019. Of these, 5 recorded property damage totaling $71,000. The highest rate of property damage recorded for a single incident was $40,000. Four events caused a total of four injuries and no fatalities were reported. Event narratives indicate in some cases that property damage occurred but was not estimated;therefore,actual property damage amounts are higher. No crop damage was recorded by these strikes. It should be noted that lightning events recorded by the NCEI are only those that are reported; it is certain that additional lightning incidents have occurred in Monroe County. Table 4.42 details NCEI-recorded lightning strikes from 2000 through 2019. Table —Recorded Lightning ri in MonroeCounty,2000-2019 Location Date Time Fatalities Injuries Property Damage Key West 7/26/2000 16:50 0 1 $0 Duck Key 8/15/2000 9:57 0 0 $0 Marathon 9/10/2000 7:05 0 0 $0 Islamorada 8/14/2001 17:00 0 1 $0 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Location Date Time Fatalities Injuries Property Damage Tavernier 10/1/2007 7:00 0 0 $20,000 Key West Int'I Airport 7/25/2009 15:45 0 1 $0 Big Pine 6/9/2010 19:24 0 0 $1,000 Key West Int'I Airport 7/22/2012 8:20 0 0 $40,000 Key Colony Beach 6/12/2013 19:30 0 0 $2,500 Stock Is 6/26/2013 9:20 0 1 $0 Ramrod Key 11/2/2018 21:11 0 0 $7,500 Total 0 4 $71,000 Source: NCEI The following are a selection of narrative descriptions recorded in NCEI for lightning events that occurred in Monroe County: July 26, 2000— Lightning struck a boat just west of Key West. Five people were knocked out of the boat with one person injured with burns. August 14,2001—Female injured by lightning during thunderstorm. She was touching the stainless steel counter of the restaurant she worked at when she was struck. October 1, 2007—Strong thunderstorms over the Upper Keys produced heavy rainfall and a damaging lightning strike.The lightning struck the cupola of an unoccupied large oceanfront home in Plantation Key. The strike caused a small fire and damaged plumbing within the roof structure of the home. July 25, 2009—A strong thunderstorm centered approximately 8 miles northwest of Key West produced a cloud-to-ground lightning strike.The lightning struck a palm tree near the entrance to White Street Pier in Key West.The bolt passed from the tree to a 19-year-old male.The strike survivor remained conscious and was treated at Lower Key Medical Center for minor injuries. July 22,2012—A positive-polarity lightning strike struck a residence in Key West within stratiform rainfall behind a northwest-moving squall line. The residence, a duplex, was severely damaged. The lightning struck the ground near the exterior jacuzzi in a side yard, near the front corner of the structure, leaving a hole in the ground roughly 2 feet by 2 feet and 18 inches deep. A ground rod and wire was installed for the jacuzzi but not attached.The charge followed the exterior power conduit to an exterior junction box, where the box's cover was blown free. Wires were charred, the conduit destroyed. The residence's washer/dryer electric supply was charred. The electric meter box exploded with wires charred and burned and all connections melted. In the front of the residence,wood was charred under metal screws securing the exterior soffit. Aluminum window frames in the front of the residence were melted with windows knocked out.Light bulbs in various locations throughout the residence were blown,including the bedroom lamps and ceiling fixture, bathroom wall fixture, and kitchen ceiling light fixture. The bathroom mirror was shattered. The residence was declared unfit for occupation due to damage to the electrical system, although no fire resulted. Keys Energy Services replaced a blown fuse for a transformer serving the residence, and three other residences had tripped circuits but no permanent damage was reported. The struck residence was occupied by one female at the time of the strike, who was observed by rescue personnel to not have any injuries. November 2,2018—An isolated thunderstorm near the lower Florida Keys produced a damaging lightning strike to a residence on Barbados Lane on Ramrod Key. The strike resulted in roof and electrical system damage.A neighboring residence also experienced electrical system damage. i..Iamlilll Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1172 , SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT NCEI records 7 separate hail incidents across 3 days between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2019 in Monroe County. Of these, one event resulted in $250 in property damage, and no events were reported to caused death,injury or crop damage.The largest diameter hail recorded in the County was 1.75 inches, which occurred on April 27, 2003 in Key West.This was the largest hail ever reported since record began in 1871.The event was only the 11th time hail of any size had been recorded in Key West.The average hail size of all events in the County was just under over one inch in diameter.Table 4.43 shows the summary of hail occurrences. Table —Summary of Hail Occurrences by Location Location Number of Occurrences Average Hail Diameter Key Largo 1 0.75" Key West Int'I Airport 5 1.2" Pi necrest 1 0.88" Total 7 1.091, Source:NCEI Note:All 5 events at the Key West Int'I Airport occurred on the same day. The following narratives provide detail on select hailstorms from the above list of NCEI recorded events highlight how intertwined thunderstorm and hail events are: April 27,2003—A severe thunderstorm developed and moved southeast over Key West.Small hail of 1/2- inch or smaller began 15:02 EST over Old Town Key West and spread throughout the remainder of Key West, Stock Island, and Boca Chica Key through 15:27 EST. Golf ball-sized hail reported over central Key West on Flagler Avenue was the largest hail ever reported since records began in 1871 and tied the largest hail size ever reported in Monroe County, Florida. This event was the 11th time hail of any size was recorded in the city of Key West since 1871. June 13,2007—A severe thunderstorm moved south out of Miami-Dade County on the mainland,crossed the east end of Florida Bay, and produced sporadic wind damage throughout North Key Largo, Key Largo and Rock Harbor.A landscaper reported 3/4 inch hail in Rock Harbor. June 15,2013—A surface frontal boundary moved into South Florida during the afternoon and generated numerous to widespread severe thunderstorms during the afternoon and early evening some with very large hail. Hail up to the size of baseballs and slightly larger was reported from two separate thunderstorms and this is only the sixth time since 1950 that baseball sized hail or larger has been reported anywhere in South Florida. A spotter reported nickel sized hail at the Loop Road Education Center. Probability of Future Occurrence Based on historical occurrences recorded by NCEI forthe 20-year period from 2000 through 2019,Monroe County averages 2.1 thunderstorm wind events per year. 23 of these events caused property damage. Over this same period, 11 lightning events were reported which equates to an average of 0.55 lightning strikes per year. The average hail storm in Monroe County occurs in the afternoon and has a hail stone with a diameter of just over one inch. Over the 20-year period from 2000 through 2019, Monroe County experienced 7 reported hail incidents;this averages 0.35 reported incidents per year somewhere in the planning area. Based on these historical occurrences, there is a 100% chance that the County will experience severe weather each year.The probability of a damaging impacts is highly likely. Probability:4—Highly Likely Nftrtiroe C:::tu rtty,i iol uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1173�� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Climate Change Higher temperatures and humidity may increase atmospheric variability associated with the origination of severe thunderstorms and tornadoes. Decreases in vertical wind shear can result in fewer or weaker severe thunderstorms and tornadoes. However, this decrease is most likely to occur when convective available potential energy is high in spring and summer, which could result in more frequent severe storms.There has been a surge in the number of severe storms reported over the past 50 years, but this increase could at least be partially attributed to technological developments that allow for better identification and reporting of such storms. Vulnerability Assessment People People and populations exposed to the elements are most vulnerable to severe weather. A common hazard associated with wind events is falling trees and branches. Risk of being struck by lightning is greater in open areas, at higher elevations, and on the water. Lightning can also cause cascading hazards, including power loss. Loss of power could critically impact those relying on energy to service, including those that need powered medical devices. Additionally,the ignition of fires is always a concern with lightning strikes. The availability of sheltered locations such as basements, buildings constructed using hail-resistant materials and methods, and public storm shelters, all reduce the exposure of the population. Residents living in mobile homes are more vulnerable to hail events due to the lack of shelter locations and the vulnerability of the housing unit to damages. Overall,the housing stock in Monroe County includes 6,849 mobile home units, as detailed in Table 4.28 in Section 4.5.2. Over 16 percent of the housing stock in the City of Marathon is comprised of mobile home units.Additionally,there are over 5,000 mobile home units in unincorporated Monroe County, comprising over 12 percent of the housing stock.These communities may face more severe impacts from severe wind and weather events as a result. Since 2000, the NCEI records 4 injuries and no fatalities attributed to lightning in Monroe County. NCEI records no fatalities and no injuries attributed to wind or hail events in Monroe County. Property All property, including residential and commercial buildings as well as critical facilities and infrastructure, are vulnerable to impacts from severe storms and tornadoes. Property damage caused by lightning usually occurs in one of two ways—either by direct damages through fires ignited by lightning, or by secondary impacts due to power loss. According to data collected on lightning strikes in Monroe County, recorded property damage was due to structure fires and damage to electrical systems. NCEI records lightning impacts over 20 years(2000-2019),with$71,000 in property damage recorded (no incidents were recorded in 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2011, 2014, 2015, 2016 or 2017). Based on these records, the planning area experiences an annualized loss of $3,550 in property damage. The average impact from lightning per incident in Monroe County is$6,455. General damages to property from hail are direct,including destroyed windows,dented cars,and building, roof and siding damage in areas exposed to hail. Hail can also cause enough damage to cars to cause them to be totaled. The level of damage is commensurate with both a material's ability to withstand hail impacts, and the size of the hailstones that are falling.Construction practices and building codes can help maximize the resistance of the structures to damage. Large amounts of hail may need to be physically Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT cleared from roadways and sidewalks, depending on accumulation. Hail can cause other cascading impacts, including power loss. During a 20-year span between January 1,2000 and December 31,2019 in Monroe County, NCEI reported no property damage as a direct result of hail. It should be noted that property damage due to hail is usually insured loss, with damages covered under most major comprehensive insurance plans. Because of this, hail losses are notoriously underreported by the NCEI. It is difficult to find an accurate repository of hail damages in Monroe County,thus the NCEI is still used to form a baseline. Wind events reported in NCEI for the 20-year period from 2000 through 2019 totaled$146,400 in property damage,which equates to an annualized loss of$7,320 across the planning area. Environment The main environmental impact from wind is damage to trees or crops.Wind events can also bring down power lines, which could cause a fire and result in even greater environmental impacts. Lightning may also result in the ignition of wildfires.This is part of a natural process, however, and the environment will return to its original state in time. Hail can cause extensive damage to the natural environment, pelting animals,trees and vegetation with hailstones. Melting hail can also increase both river and flash flood risk. Consequence Analysis Table 4.44 summarizes the potential negative consequences of severe weather. Table —Consequence Analysis—Severe Weather Category Consequences Public Injuries;fatalities Responders Injuries;fatalities; potential impacts to response capabilities due to storm impacts Continuity of Operations Potential impacts to continuity of operations due to storm impacts; delays in (including Continued providing services Delivery of Services) Property,Facilities and Possibility of structure fire ignition; potential for disruptions in power and Infrastructure communications infrastructure;destruction and/or damage to any exposed property, especially windows,cars and siding;mobile homes see increased risk. Environment Potential fire ignition from lightning; hail damage to wildlife and foliage. Economic Condition of Lightning damage contingent on target; can severely impact/destroy critical the Jurisdiction infrastructure and other economic drivers. Contingent on tornado's path; can severely impact/destroy critical infrastructure and other economic drivers. Public Confidence in the Public confidence is not generally affected by severe weather events if response and Jurisdiction's recovery are not timely and effective. Governance Associated Hazards Natural hazards are, more often than not, interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to, or be spurred by,another hazard—sometimes referred to as cascading disasters.Severe Storms may be associated with: Flood,Tropical Cyclones, and Tornadoes. Changes in Development Development is not expected to impact the incidence of severe weather. As the county grows, overall asset exposure will increase,which may increase risk. M.orti,ve C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1175� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Problem Statements Severe weather events are highly likely to continue occurring in Monroe County. Communities should consider examining power redundancy and surge protection solutions for critical facilities to maintain operations in the event of a power outage. Past severe weather events caused injuries to individuals outside and/or in high-risk locations during these events.Solutions might include an awareness campaign to educate the public on severe weather risk and preparedness. The City of Marathon and the Unincorporated areas of the County have larger shares of mobile home units within their jurisdiction,the population living in these mobile homes are more vulnerable to thunderstorm and high wind impacts. Hazard Summary by Jurisdiction The following table summarizes severe weather hazard risk by jurisdiction. Most aspects of severe storm risk do not vary substantially by jurisdiction; however, mobile home units are more vulnerable to wind damage.Over 16 percent of the housing units in the City of Marathon are mobile home units.Additionally, there are over 5,000 mobile home units in unincorporated Monroe County, comprising over 12 percent of the housing stock. These communities may therefore face more severe impacts from wind. Where priority ratings vary between thunderstorm wind, lightning, and hail for impact and spatial extent, these scores represent an average rating with greater weight given to thunderstorm wind because it occurs much more frequently. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial Extent Warning Time Duration Score Priority Key Colony Beach 4 1 3 4 1 2.6 M Key West 4 1 3 4 1 2.6 M Layton 4 1 3 4 1 2.6 M Marathon 4 2 3 4 1 2.9 M Islamorada 4 1 3 4 1 2.6 M Unincorporated 4 2 3 4 1 2.9 M Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1176; SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT 4.5.4 Tornadoes and Waterspouts Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Tornadoes Highly Likely Critical Small Less than 6 hrs Less than 6 hrs Waterspouts Highly Likely Minor Small 6 to 12 hrs Less than 6 hrs Hazard Description I..InurinadIn According to the Glossary of Meteorology (AMS 2000), a tornado is "a violently rotating column of air, pendant from a cumuliform cloud or underneath a cumuliform cloud, and often (but not always) visible as a funnel cloud." Tornadoes can appear from any direction. Most move from southwest to northeast, or west to east. Some tornadoes have changed direction amid path, or even backtracked. Tornadoes are commonly produced by land falling tropical cyclones. Those making landfall along the Gulf coast traditionally produce more tornadoes than those making landfall along the Atlantic coast. Tornadoes that form within hurricanes are more common in the right front quadrant with respect to the forward direction but can occur in other areas as well. According to the NHC, about 10% of the tropical cyclone-related fatalities are caused by tornadoes. Tornadoes are more likely to be spawned within 24 hours of landfall and are usually within 30 miles of the tropical cyclone's center. Tornadoes have the potential to produce winds in excess of 200 mph (EF5 on the Enhanced Fujita Scale) and can be very expansive — some in the Great Plains have exceeded two miles in width. Tornadoes associated with tropical cyclones, however, tend to be of lower intensity (EFO to EF2) and much smaller in size than ones that form in the Great Plains. ^°RUP I°IExny: wer l � l r d! uuuuuuiur I ii Ir��Y�� pllll i�,v,' �I°IVIO@II�rmll' u�y Ilnuos��r! r k uuuu ���ii�y � Ii� III pJIY I..1'0 Weak Tornadoos Strong Tornadoes 'i0ent Tornadoes rr 88%rid'&H tomadoes t t%ant a13 t mrnorfoes Less thain t%mkt W1 tornalll "s, • Lass than 5 of tornado deaths * Newly 309,16 4.4 ally tomada deaths * 70"r'ur of 0 tornwJo deaths • Lredetdrnu^me t tt"t+rm°mlintrtes * May(last 20 r6 notes or longer a Can exceed t tncru r • Winds less then t 10 mph * Winds t t t 166 aiph a tr*n"annm s greaten than 166 rnn h • Produces CFO or EIF t damage * Pr(Auces EF2 or EF3 rdamn°na e rra Produoes EF4 or EF5 ndair na> e Source: NOAA National Weather Service Warning Time:4—Less than 6 hours fkftr iroe Ct:tm rn ty,110 lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1177 xt SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Duration:1—Less than 6 hours According to the NOAA Storm Prediction Center (SPC), the highest concentration of tornadoes in the United States has been in Oklahoma, Texas, Kansas and Florida respectively. Although the Great Plains region of the Central United States does favor the development of the largest and most dangerous tornadoes (earning the designation of "tornado alley"), Florida experiences the greatest number of tornadoes per square mile of all U.S. states (SPC, 2002).The below Figure 4.16 shows tornado activity in the United States based on the number of recorded tornadoes per 1,000 square miles. Figure . —Tornado Activityin the U.S. 'TORNADO NAD CTI IT'S IN THE UNITED STATES* OLSummary,Per 1A N Square Miles Wimp W.iA!vlfiF .X�__•• �� Wy W of (xwNq IB I6'uAM1M_ YMbmIM kY F I I � dVoXh..nF1 �dNN 0.MJAhNn ' i1WrW0.py ^, Ak yl�` ., M a � �4+w.rr, :I wr w� r aMMeMf W uur ay ar�!W ''; Is� Josry N Y ryaWw rum4w coPU4 sty. rMw �7 ALASKA �kJEilai .WM � HAWAN1 115 PLIERTO Fmco,�IRLINJSE6 NDS ..Bmed on NOAA, Storm N �Cermr'Sistis Jcs Figure:11 The eriaber col torearfoes:recofxMeif per InG sqpare 'ile!s Source: American Society of Civil Engineers W a.t ur s III o ii.,u.t Joseph Golden, the distinguished waterspout authority with NOAA, defines a waterspout as a "funnel which contains an intense vortex,sometimes destructive,of small horizontal extent and which occurs over a body of water." In other words, a waterspout is a column of rotating, cloud-filled wind. There are two types of waterspouts. A tornadic waterspout generally begins as a true tornado over land in association with a thunderstorm and then moves out over water.They are influenced by winds associated with severe thunderstorms as air rises and rotates on a vertical axis.Fair weather waterspouts,on the other hand,are associated with developing storms systems, but not storms themselves.These types of waterspouts only form over open water, where they develop at the water's surface and climb skyward. Both types of u f::":iroe C:::tu ri ty,N iol uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1178�� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT waterspouts require high levels of humidity and relatively warm water temperatures compared to overlying air.The fair-weather variety is more common than the tornadic type. There are five stages of waterspout formation: Dark Spot:The water's surface takes on a prominent circular, light-colored disk surrounded by a larger dark area of indeterminate shape with diffused edges where the vortex reaches it. Spiral Pattern:A pattern of light and dark colored surface bands spiral out from the dark spot. Spray Ring:A swirling ray of dense sea spray, known as a cascade,forms around the dark spot with what appears to be an eye similar to that seen in hurricanes. Mature Vortex:This is the waterspouts most intense stage. It is now visible from the water surface to an overhead cloud mass as it achieves maximum organization and intensity.The funnel often appears hollow, with a surrounding shell of turbulent condensate.The spray vortex can rise to a height of several hundred feet or more, often creating a visible wake and an associated wave train as it moves. Decay:The funnel and spray vortex begin to dissipate as the inflow of warm are into the vortex weakens. Systems that might produce waterspouts are outline in the National Weather Service's nearshore marine forecast and hazardous weather outlook,and this information is shared 12 to 24 hours prior to waterspout occurrences. NWS will issue a special marine warning when waterspouts are detected by doppler radar or trained spotters. Warning Time:3—6 to 12 hours Duration:1—Less than 6 hours Location Figure 4.17 reflects the tracks of past tornados that passed through Monroe County from 1950 through 2017 according to data from the NOAA/NWS Storm Prediction Center. Tornados can occur anywhere in the County. Tornadoes typically impact a small area, but damage may be extensive. Tornado locations are completely random, meaning risk to tornado isn't increased in one area of the county versus another. All of Monroe County is uniformly exposed to this hazard. Waterspouts are most common in tropical and subtropical waters such as the Florida Keys,Greek Islands, or off the coast of Australia. Waterspouts can occur in any of the water bodies in Monroe County. Spatial Extent:2—Small M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io ida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure . —Tornado Through Monroe - „�, IIII Browa'rri -• Collier & ., V r � Miami-Dade s, Monroe ( �� 4 i G j 2k f I a „ k Islamorada " Layton Marathon , w Key Colony Beach Key West 0/0 °' /��,,,,, , 0 6 16 24 32 Legend Miles F-0(40-72 mph)Light Damage -F-5(200+mlph)Incredible Damage N F-1(73-112 mph)Moderate Damage Map Created B Gnus Municipalities y F 2(113 157 mph)Considerable Damage o n C d:�iavr C, ZIP Monroe County so �a urces: IVhma� vnty F 3(136-165 mph)Severe Damage �, FL NOAA �F-4(166-200 mph)Devastating Damage wood. E�]Counties Source: NOAA/NWS Storm Prediction Center Q t1i°'Bite Cot lVuty,1�1.ol V+da Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Extent I"" irun d Prior to February 1, 2007,tornado intensity was measured by the Fujita (F) scale.This scale was revised and is now the Enhanced Fujita (EF) scale. Both scales are sets of wind estimates (not measurements) based on damage. The new scale provides more damage indicators (28) and associated degrees of damage, allowing for more detailed analysis, better correlation between damage and wind speed. It is also more precise because it considers the materials affected and the construction of structures damaged by a tornado.Table 4.45 shows the wind speeds associated with the enhanced Fujita scale ratings and the damage that could result at different levels of intensity. Table —Enhanced FujitaCale EF 3 Second Number Gust(mph) Damage 0 65-85 Light damage. Peels surface off some roofs;some damage to gutters or siding;branches broken off trees;shallow-rooted trees pushed over. 1 96-110 Moderate damage. Roofs severely stripped; mobile homes overturned or badly damaged; loss of exterior doors;windows and other glass broken. Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-constructed houses; foundations of frame 2 111-135 homes shifted; mobile homes destroyed; large trees snapped or uprooted; light-object missiles generated;cars lifted off ground. Severe damage. Entire stories of well-constructed houses destroyed;severe damage to 3 136-165 large buildings such as shopping malls; trains overturned; trees debarked; heavy cars lifted off the ground and thrown;structures with weak foundations blown away some distance. 4 166-200 Devastating damage. Well-constructed houses and whole frame houses completely leveled;cars thrown,and small missiles generated. Incredible damage. Strong frame houses leveled off foundations and swept away; 5 Over 200 automobile-sized missiles fly in excess of 100 m; high-rise buildings have significant structural deformation;incredible phenomena will occur. The most intense tornado to pass through Monroe County in the period for which NCEI has recorded events was and F2 tornado on November 4,1998.NCEI reports this storm caused$25,000,000 in damages, but no deaths or injuries. The tornado damaged over 600 structures, tore down utility lines, damaged vessels, and destroyed foliage. Impact: 3—Critical W a t e ur s III o ii.,ii t Waterspouts are generally not a threat to any development on land, as they mostly stay over water. Boaters and people participating in marine activities are advised to stay a considerable distance away from any observed waterspout.There is no scale comparable to the Fujita scale to measure the strength of a waterspout, however they generally are not expected to cause injury, death,or damage to residents or property in Monroe County. If waterspouts Waterspouts might be measured by their radius or wind speeds. An average waterspout is around 165 feet in diameter with wind speed around 50 mph,corresponding with an EFO tornado,and last on average 5 to 10 minutes. Larger waterspouts might have a maximum 330 foot diameter and can last as long as one hour. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1 181 1 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT A October 2011 waterspout caused $10,000 in damages when it moved through the anchorage at Key West Harbor and damaged a vessel's cabin and hull after driving it ashore. Impact:1—Minor Historical Occurrences I""oirun m: NCEI storm reports were reviewed from 2000 through 2019 to assess whether recent trends varied from the longer historical record.According to NCEI, Monroe County experienced 24 tornado incidents between 2000 and 2019,causing over$5.25 million in property damage but no injuries,fatalities, or crop damage. $5 million in damages came from one F2 event in Marathon on August 26, 2005. However,this damage estimate may be under reported, as damage was reported in the narratives of many events but was not recorded in terms of a monetary value.Table 4.46 shows historical tornadoes in Monroe County during this time period. Table —Recorded Tornadoesin MonroeCounty,2000-2019 Location Date Time Magnitude Deaths/Injuries Property Damage Crop Damage Big Pine Key 7/1/2000 1820 FO 0/0 $15,000 $0 Big Pine Key 8/18/2000 1450 FO 0/0 $0 $0 Key West 10/1/2003 1605 FO 0/0 $0 $0 Marathon 6/22/2005 1550 FO 0/0 $5,000 $0 Marathon 8/26/2005 345 F2 0/0 $5,000,000 $0 Sugarloaf Key 6/1/2007 1155 EFO 0/0 $20,000 $0 Marathon 6/24/2007 1258 EFO 0/0 $2,500 $0 Marathon 2/13/2008 1332 EFO 0/0 $2,000 $0 Big Coppitt Is 8/18/2008 1155 EFO 0/0 $1,000 $0 Summerland Key 8/18/2008 1300 EFO 0/0 $1,000 $0 Upper Key Largo 9/9/2008 1250 EFO 0/0 $25,000 $0 Craig Key 9/10/2008 242 EF1 0/0 $120,000 $0 Sugarloaf Key 9/17/2008 1140 EFO 0/0 $0 $0 Stock Island 9/29/2008 1500 EFO 0/0 $0 $0 Key West Int'I Arpt 12/18/2009 1435 EFO 0/0 $10,000 $0 Key Largo Pt Arpt 12/18/2009 1755 EFO 0/0 $5,000 $0 Key Largo Pt Arpt 4/26/2010 1145 EFO 0/0 $15,000 $0 Key Largo Pt Arpt 8/30/2010 1810 EFO 0/0 $500 $0 Big Pine 4/5/2013 110 EFO 0/0 $30,000 $0 Key Colony Beach 1/8/2016 630 EFO 0/0 $2,000 $0 Key West Int'I Arpt 8/11/2017 1603 EFO 0/0 $0 $0 Tavernier 4/15/2018 1912 EF1 0/0 $4,000 $0 Tavernier 4/15/2018 1912 EFO 0/0 $200 $0 Summerland Key 8/4/2019 11820 1 EFO 0/0 $0 $0 Total 0/0 $5,258,200.00 $0 Source: NCEI Narratives from NCEI illustrate that many of these events spawned from waterspouts. Specific incidents with some level of impact include: Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1182 � SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT July 1, 2000—A waterspout moved onshore along the south end of Big Pine Key. The event resulted in damage to a bed and breakfast inn. August 26,2005—Tornado damage path began at the oceanfront at 73rd Street Ocean (F1) in Marathon and moved northeast,crossing U.S. Highway 1 near 76th Street Ocean, passing through Marathon Airport before entering Florida Bay near the Sea Air Estates Subdivision. The most significant damage (F2) included concrete block residential structure shifted on foundation,A-frame residence shifted on pilings, and bent large steel I-Beams on recently constructed hangars at Marathon Airport.One boat sunk in canal. Extensive damage to porches and trees along narrow path. Damage from this tornado totaled $5 million. September 9&10,2008—Hurricane Ike moved west to west-northwest across eastern Cuba,just offshore the south-central coast, and then crossed through western Cuba into the Gulf of Mexico. Tropical storm force winds and two tornadoes were reported in the Florida Keys. Damage from these tornadoes totaled $145,000. The first tornado touched down on the Atlantic side of U.S. Highway One and moved toward the northwest.The tornado caused minor damage to facia on a business on the bayside of U.S. Highway One, then moved into a residential area. One residence had two broken windows and another residence had an exterior wall penetrated with a 2x4 carried from a home under construction over 250 yards. Several trees and large limbs downed. Estimated maximum wind speed 60 to 70 mph. The second tornado occurred when a violent waterspout associated with a supercell made landfall in Lower Matecumbe Key at Sunset Drive and moved northwest, crossing U.S. Highway One and then along Palm Drive through a residential section near Mile Marker 74 on the Overseas Highway. The tornado damage path ended on Buttonwood Lane before reaching Florida Bay. Most damage was to deck railings, screens, windows and soffits on numerous homes. A few homes displayed more significant damage, including penetration through exterior doors and walls, with one home losing 50 percent of its roof decking. The EF1 rating with estimated maximum wind speeds of 90 to 100 mph was based on roof damage to a residence along Palm Drive. Debris from sheet metal paneling and mangrove branches may have contributed to a major power outage throughout all of the Keys from Islamorada through Key West as it was carried across U.S. Highway One and a major electrical transmission line. December 18, 2009 — A supercell thunderstorm tracked northeast along the Florida Keys. The thunderstorm first produced a weak tornado at the extreme southeast tip of Key West and south Stock Island,then tracked northeast just north of Big Pine Key before crossing the Upper Florida Keys from the west-southwest at Key Largo. A second weak tornado was reported at several Florida Bay shoreline properties. A weak tornado produced EFO damage across the extreme southeast part of Key West through south Stock Island. The tornado was first observed by a motorist just offshore South Roosevelt Boulevard before moving briefly onshore at a hotel. Over a half dozen palm trees with some decay were snapped at the base. Lawn furniture was blown southeast in the tornado's wake.The tornado tracked northeast across Cow Key Channel before moving ashore again on south Stock Island along 12th Avenue.Two trees were downed,and a deck umbrella was lofted northeast from the east end of 11th Avenue onto power lines on 5th Street, bringing down the lines and causing a power outage throughout the area. The tornado continued northeast and likely lifted or dissipated over 5th Avenue northeast of Bernstein Park where a small ornamental tree was found snapped at the base and several trashcans had fallen and rolled to the south or southeast.At the tornado's northeast terminus, a television cable line was downed. Maximum winds were estimated at 60 to 70 mph along the path from Key West through 11th Avenue in Stock Island. The same supercell also caused a short-lived weak tornado near Mile Marker 104 of the Overseas Highway. The tornado produced minor damage with some outdoor furniture destroyed and ornamental 1%4ortu oe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1183�� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT palm trees downed in a parking lot at a Florida Bay-side business, and porch screens blown out at a restaurant next door. Maximum winds estimated at 65 mph. April 26, 2010—A waterspout accompanying a line of severe thunderstorms moved onshore the Florida Bay side of Key Largo at the Marriott Florida Bay Resort. A tree was blown down blocking part of U.S. Highway 1 in front of the hotel. An outdoor day spa consisting of a thatched roof and bamboo shutters and interior mirrors was destroyed. Weighted deck loungers were blown across the pool deck and significant landscaping damage occurred on the waterfront side of the hotel. The tornado quickly dissipated over U.S. Highway 1. Estimated maximum winds were near 70 mph. April 5,2013—A complex surface low pressure system supported by a sharp upper trough of low pressure extending southward into the Gulf of Mexico produced strong thunderstorms in the Florida Straits. One thunderstorm produced a waterspout which moved ashore along the oceanside of Long Beach Drive and passed over a bed-and-breakfast inn at its maximum intensity and width of about 80 yards. Widespread damage to large limbs of native hardwood trees occurred, and one royal palm snapped at a level above 15 feet. A ground deck with four kayaks became airborne and dropped in mangroves 30 yards away. A large unmounted above-ground cistern containing nearly 200 gallons of water slid over 15 yards,knocking a large camping trailer off its front mount. Bolts securing a large grill to wood ground decking were sheared off. While numerous tables and lounge chairs were carried to the leeward side of the property, one 40-lb steel lounge chair was lifted to the edge of the roof line of the two-story residence,crushing the rain gutter, before settling in the lee of the structure. Small gravel and pea rock along the waterfront caused moderate to severe paint chipping on the oceanside of several homes. Screens including their wood frames were torn off several residences'oceanside porches,with one home losing about 40 percent of its oceanside vinyl siding. A phone line was downed along Long Beach Drive. The tornado continued across mud flats along the southeast edge of Coupon Bight, where only isolated damage to mangrove branches was observed.Small limbs were observed downed across Long Beach Drive between Southeast Point and U.S. Highway 1,eventually crossed through a campground just south of the Spanish Harbor Channel Bridge. Several tents including one large aluminum-framed dome tent structure were overturned before the tornado likely passed into Spanish Harbor Channel. The intensity of the tornado at Spanish Harbor Channel had decreased since its original landfall with estimated winds near 60 mph. April 15, 2018—A fast-moving pre-frontal squall line passing through the upper Florida Keys developed an embedded supercell thunderstorm along the Florida Bay side of Upper Matecumbe Key.The supercell thunderstorm moved east-northeast, producing a waterspout which was observed backlit by lightning shortly before making landfall as a tornado at Indian Mound Trail in Plantation Key, Islamorada. Large gumbo limbo tree limbs and the top of a palm tree were downed, as well as other hardwood trees.The rolling driveway gate on an adjacent residence was completely dislodged from its mounts and pushed into a trailered boat and car and an entire gutter and downspout system was removed from another residence. Numerous loose items were moved from the backyards and understory of homes onto front lawns and streets. Most of the observed damage in the Indian Waterways community were consistent with 60 to 70 mph,with possible spot values near 75 mph.The tornado crossed a patch of mangroves and undeveloped forest and reached greatest intensity at San Pedro Catholic Church where a large tree split at the trunk and an old-growth mahogany was uprooted,falling onto a portion of the structure connecting the rectory with the main church. The roof was not substantially damaged. However, several barrel tiles were removed from the peak ridges forming the hip roof pattern over the rectory,as well as from the southeast edge of the church, onto the top of the church's main entrance. Numerous large limbs were downed toward the east, with lightweight free-standing signs deposited northward cross the tornado path from right to left. Estimated wind speeds were maximized in the range of 90 to 100 mph with maximum width M.ortu oe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT near 60 yards. The tornado continued toward the east-northeast, crossing U.S. Highway 1 and the Old Highway, but weakened such that only large tree limbs were downed. The tornado moved out over the ocean as a waterspout and made a second landfall near Lincoln Avenue on the far southwest portion of Tavernier's oceanside.A progressive narrowing of the damage path down to nearly 30 yards as well as a turn toward the northwest or north-northwest was observed. Impacts lessened and included damaged fences and large limbs gradually down to smaller limbs and twigs. No further impacts were observed northeast of Lowe Street. It is likely the wind speeds 55 to 65 mph were observed,weakening to below 50 mph roughly 3 blocks from the waterfront. W a t c ur s Ili o ii.,ii t Due to the warm, humid nature and coastal geography,waterspouts occur in the Florida Keys more than anywhere else in the world. In fact, between 50 and 500 waterspouts occur per year. NCEI's storm event database changed how it reports on waterspouts and as of October 2001 ceased reporting waterspouts by county in favor of reporting by region(i.e.South Atlantic). However,forthe period in which it did report by county (January 1996 through October 2001) Monroe County experienced 315 waterspout events across 184 separate days.Two of these events caused damage to property; none caused damage to crops, injuries or fatalities.Table 4.47 below lists waterspout events by date from 2000 through Sept.2001;Table 4.47 summarizes waterspouts by location from Oct. 2001 through December 31, 2019 to illustrate the frequency at which these events occur. Table . —Recorded Waterspouts, Monroe County,2000—Sept.2001 Location(s) Date #of Fatalities Property Events /Injuries Damage Key West Int'I Airport 2/3/2000 3 0/0 $0 Summerland Key 3/5/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key Largo 3/18/2000 1 0/0 $0 Big Pine Key, Marathon 3/31/2000 5 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport, Ramrod Key 4/8/2000 3 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 5/7/2000 2 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 5/17/2000 3 0/0 $0 Marathon 5/23/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport, Plantation, Marathon 5/30/2000 3 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 5/31/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport, Duck Key 6/1/2000 3 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 6/3/2000 2 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 6/4/2000 3 0/0 $0 Upper Key Largo 6/5/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 6/11/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 6/21/2000 1 0/0 $0 Big Pine Key 6/28/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 7/1/2000 1 0/0 $0 Marathon 7/2/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 7/6/2000 1 0/0 $0 Marathon, Duck Key 7/16/2000 2 0/0 $0 Duck Key, Big Coppitt Island,Summerland Key 7/22/2000 3 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 7/23/2000 2 0/0 $0 Marathon 7/26/2000 1 0/0 $0 Duck Key, Key West Int'I Airport,Big Coppitt Island 7/28/2000 5 0/0 $0 Marathon 7/29/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 8/3/2000 1 0/0 $0 M.ortu oe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1185 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Location(s) Date #of Fatalities Property Events /Injuries Damage Key West Int'I Airport 8/9/2000 2 0/0 $0 Marathon 8/11/2000 1 0/0 $0 Duck Key 8/15/2000 2 0/0 $0 Islamorada 8/16/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 8/17/2000 2 0/0 $0 Big Pine Key 8/18/2000 1 0/0 $0 Long Key,Summerland Key, Key West, Duck Key 8/19/2000 4 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 8/21/2000 2 0/0 $0 Key West NAS 8/27/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 8/28/2000 1 0/0 $0 Marathon 9/9/2000 1 0/0 $0 Summerland Key 9/10/2000 1 0/0 $0 Marathon 9/11/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West NAS 9/26/2000 1 0/0 $0 Marathon, Key West Int'I Airport 9/28/2000 3 0/0 $0 Big Pine Key 9/30/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West NAS, Key West Int'I Airport, Ramrod Key 10/1/2000 4 0/0 $0 Big Pine Key 10/5/2000 1 0/0 $0 Summerland Key 10/6/2000 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport, Key West NAS, Marathon 10/8/2000 3 0/0 $0 Marathon 3/2/2001 1 0/0 $0 Islamorada 4/26/2001 1 0/0 $0 Key West, Key West Int'I Airport 5/1/2001 3 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 5/20/2001 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 5/31/2001 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport, Big Pine Key, Ramrod Key 6/14/2001 3 0/0 $0 Big Pine Key, Big Coppit Island,Key West Int'I Airport 6/16/2001 4 0/0 $0 Big Coppit Island 6/17/2001 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 7/11/2001 1 0/0 $0 Tavernier,Long Key, Duck Key 7/15/2001 3 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 7/18/2001 1 0/0 $0 Key Largo 7/21/2001 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport, Key West NAS 8/10/2001 2 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 8/11/2001 1 0/0 $0 Rock Harbor, Upper Key Largo 8/26/2001 2 0/0 $0 Key Colony Beach 9/8/2001 2 0/0 $0 Craig Key 9/12/2001 1 0/0 $0 Key West Int'I Airport 9/18/2001 2 0/0 $0 Marathon 9/19/2001 1 0/0 $0 East Cape 9/22/2001 1 0/0 $0 Sugarloaf Key, Key West Int'I Airport 9/26/2001 2 0/0 $0 TOTAL 122 0/0 $0 Source:NCEI Table . —Recorded Waterspouts,Monroe County,Oct.2001—Dec. 2019 Location #of Fatalities Property Events /Injuries Damage Alligator Reef Light 19 0/0 $0 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1186;� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Location #of Fatalities Property Events /Injuries Damage American Shoal Light 11 0/0 $0 Big Coppitt Key 36 0/0 $0 Big Pine Key 142 0/0 $200 Cosgrove Shoal Light 1 0/0 $0 Dry Tortugas 3 0/0 $0 Duck Key 26 0/0 $0 Islamorada 19 0/0 $0 Key Largo 36 0/0 $0 Key West 292 0/0 $4,000 Marathon 71 0/0 $0 Marquesas Keys 3 0/0 $0 Molasses Reef Light 4 0/0 $0 Plantation Key 11 0/0 $0 Sand Key Light 12 0/0 $0 Smith Shoal Light 10 0/0 $0 Snipe Point 21 0/0 $0 Sombrero Key Light 18 0/0 $0 Summerland Key 39 0/0 $0 Tennessee Reef Light 7 0/0 $0 Total 781 0/0 $4,200 Two of the recorded waterspouts caused $4,200 in property damage; no recorded events caused death or injury. Waterspouts have occurred in close proximity to all jurisdictions and unincorporated areas except for Layton and Key Colony Beach, however that does not mean they have not occurred. The following narrative descriptions describe the potential damage caused by waterspouts: August 5, 2008—Towering cumulus cloud lines produced a couple waterspouts along the north side of the Lower Florida Keys.A short-duration waterspout was approximately one-mile northeast of Sugarloaf Key.The waterspout drifter over a vessel, producing minor damage. May 5,2019—Two waterspouts formed in succession and in association with a cloud line along the north side of Key West. The second waterspout was observed to develop within Garrison Bight outside of the Palm Drive Bridge, and drifted slowly west, reaching a dock at a sailing center. 3 catamarans were considerably damaged due to overturning while tied to the dock, causing the dock planking to twist and detach from the pilings. 3 other vessels at the same dock had minor damage with ripped covers and canopy tops. A video relayed by social media showed the width of the spray ring was only a few yards across, with the spray ring dissipating before the waterspout reached shore. No damage was observed onshore at the sailing center nor an adjacent marina. Probability of Future Occurrence In a twenty-year span between 2000 and 2019, Monroe County experienced 24 separate tornado incidents over 21 separate days.This correlates to over a 100 percent annual probability that the Region will experience a tornado somewhere in its boundaries. Only one of these events was an F2; therefore, the annual probability of a significant tornado event is around 5 percent. Additionally, it his highly likely the County will experience a waterspout,although waterspouts themselves cause minimal damage, many of the damaging tornadoes experienced in Monroe County began as waterspouts. Probability:4—Highly Likely Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1187 x: SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Climate Change There presently is not enough data or research to quantify the magnitude of change that climate change may have related to tornado frequency and intensity. NASA's Earth Observatory has conducted studies which aim to understand the interaction between climate change and tornadoes. Based on these studies meteorologists are unsure why some thunderstorms generate tornadoes and others don't, beyond knowing that they require a certain type of wind shear.Tornadoes spawn from approximately one percent of thunderstorms, usually supercell thunderstorms that are in a wind shear environment that promotes rotation. Some studies show a potential for a decrease in wind shear in mid-latitude areas. Because of uncertainty with the influence of climate change on tornadoes, future updates to the mitigation plan should include the latest research on how the tornado hazard frequency and severity could change.The level of significance of this hazard should be revisited over time. Vulnerability Assessment People People and populations exposed to the elements are most vulnerable to tornadoes. The availability of sheltered locations such as basements, buildings constructed using hail-resistant materials and methods, and public storm shelters, all reduce the exposure of the population. Residents living in mobile homes are more vulnerable to hail events due to the lack of shelter locations and the vulnerability of the housing unit to damages. Overall, the housing stock in Monroe County includes 6,849 mobile home units, as detailed in Table 4.28 in Section 4.5.2. Over 16 percent of the housing stock in the City of Marathon is comprised of mobile home units.Additionally,there are over 5,000 mobile home units in unincorporated Monroe County, comprising over 12 percent of the housing stock. These communities may face more severe impacts from severe wind and weather events as a result. Since 2000, the NCEI database records no fatalities and one injury attributed to tornadoes in Monroe County. Waterspouts are unlikely to cause death or injury — none were reported by NCEI. However, an exceptionally strong waterspout may lead to death or injury of individuals trapped on boat or in the water in its path. Property Damage from tornadoes to property are both direct (what the tornado physically destroys) and indirect, which focuses on additional costs, damages and losses attributed to secondary hazards spawned by the tornado, or due to the damages caused by the tornado. Depending on the size of the tornado and its path,a tornado is capable of damaging and eventually destroying almost anything. Construction practices and building codes can help maximize the resistance of the structures to damage. Secondary impacts of tornado damage often result from damage to infrastructure. Downed power and communications transmission lines, coupled with disruptions to transportation, create difficulties in reporting and responding to emergencies. These indirect impacts of a tornado put tremendous strain on a community. In the immediate aftermath,the focus is on emergency services. Since 2000, damaging tornadoes in the County are directly responsible for nearly $5,258,200 worth of damage to property according to NCEI data.This equates to an annualized loss of$262,910. Waterspouts are unlikely to cause significant property damage unless they come on land as a tornado, in which case damage would be similar to that of a tornado. Otherwise,waterspouts may cause damage to property in the water, such as boats and other recreational items. Per NCEI, no property was damaged from waterspouts in Monroe County. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1188�� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Environment Tornadoes can cause massive damage to the natural environment,uprooting trees and other debris within the tornado's path. Waterspouts may cause damage to marshes and wetlands. This is part of a natural process, however,and the environment will return to its original state in time. Consequence Analysis Table 4.44 summarizes the potential negative consequences of severe weather. Table —Consequence Analysis—Tornado Category Consequences Public Injuries;fatalities Responders Injuries; fatalities; potential impacts to response capabilities due to storm impacts Continuity of Operations Potential impacts to continuity of operations due to storm impacts; delays in (including Continued providing services Delivery of Services) Property,Facilities and The weakest tornadoes, EFO, can cause minor roof damage, while strong Infrastructure tornadoes can destroy frame buildings and even badly damage steel reinforced concrete structures. Buildings are vulnerable to direct impact from tornadoes and also from wind borne debris. Mobile homes are particularly susceptible to damage during tornadoes. Environment Potential devastating impacts in storm's path Economic Condition of the Contingent on tornado's path;can severely impact/destroy critical infrastructure Jurisdiction and other economic drivers Public Confidence in the Public confidence in the jurisdiction's governance may be influenced by severe Jurisdiction's Governance tornado events if response and recovery are not timely and effective. Associated Hazards Natural hazards are, more often than not, interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to, or be spurred by, another hazard—sometimes referred to as cascading disasters. Tornadoes and Waterspouts may be associated with:Tropical Cyclones and Severe Storms. Changes in Development Tornadoes and waterspouts are unpredictable in nature, and the entire community is equally vulnerable to their effects. As such, any new development would increase vulnerability to such events. However, increases in mobile and manufactured home units would cause more significant increases in vulnerability. Problem Statements Mobile homes and their occupants are particularly vulnerable to tornadoes.The City of Marathon and Unincorporated Monroe County have high percentages of manufactured home units within their jurisdiction. A robust tornado preparedness education and outreach program would benefit the community to understand risk and reduce damage;this might include the link between waterspouts and tornadoes, how to shelter from tornadoes, and damage caused from flying debris, among others. Although the County utilizes the most recent Florida Building Code to ensure new buildings— especially critical facilities—can withstand severe winds associated with tornadoes(as well as Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT hurricanes and severe storms), buildings that predate building codes are more vulnerable.A study of such buildings and potential retrofits would decrease vulnerability of these structures. Hazard Summary by Jurisdiction The following table summarizes severe weather hazard risk by jurisdiction. Tornado and waterspout hazards do not vary significantly by jurisdiction. Where priority ratings vary between tornado and waterspout,the scores represent an average rating, with greater weight given to Tornado because of its higher potential for destruction. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial Extent Warning Time Duration Score Priority Key Colony Beach 4 2 2 4 1 2.7 M Key West 4 2 2 4 1 2.7 M Layton 4 2 2 4 1 2.7 M Marathon 4 2 2 4 1 2.7 M Islamorada 4 2 2 4 1 2.7 M Unincorporated 4 2 2 4 1 2.7 M Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT 4.5.5 Wildfire Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Wildfire Likely Limited Small Less than 6 hrs Less than 1 week Hazard Description A wildfire is an uncontained fire that spreads through the environment.Wildfires can consume large areas, including infrastructure, property, and resources. When massive fires, or conflagrations, develop near populated areas, evacuations possibly ensue. Not only do the flames impact the environment, but the massive volumes of smoke spread by certain atmospheric conditions also impact the health of nearby populations. There are three general types of fire spread that are recognized. Ground fires—burn organic matter in the soil beneath surface litter and are sustained by glowing combustion. Surface fires —spread with a flaming front and burn leaf litter, fallen branches and other fuels located at ground level. Crown fires—burn through the top layer of foliage on a tree, known as the canopy or crown fires. Crown fires, the most intense type of fire and often the most difficult to contain, need strong winds, steep slopes and a heavy fuel load to continue burning. Generally, wildfires are started by humans, either through arson or carelessness. Fire intensity is controlled by both short-term weather conditions and longer-term vegetation conditions. During intense fires, understory vegetation, such as leaves,small branches, and other organic materials that accumulate on the ground, can become additional fuel for the fire. The most explosive conditions occur when dry, gusty winds blow across dry vegetation. Weather plays a major role in the birth, growth and death of a wildfire. In support of forecasting for fire weather,the NWS Fire Weather Program emerged in response to a need for weather support to large and dangerous wildfires. This service is provided to federal and state land management agencies for the prevention, suppression, and management of forest and rangeland fires. As shown in Figure 4.18, the NWS Miami-South Florida Forecast Office provides year-round fire weather forecasts for the region. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 0& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure 4L18—Fire Weather Forecast, Monroe County Area National Dill Foal Datalb—Dis play n Critical Fire Weather Issued-his 11 at 2 P14 PDT Source:National Weather y,mua Weather conditions favorable to wildfire include drought, which increases flammability of surface fuels, and winds, which aid a xvi|dfire's progress. The combination of wind, temperature, and humidity affects how fast wildland fires can spread. Rapid response can contain wildfires and limit their threat to property. Monroe County experiences a variety of wildfire conditions found in the Kee1ch-Byrano Drought Index, which is described in Table 4.50. The Keetch-Byram Drought Index (KBDI) for June 11, 2020 is shown in Figure 4.19. The KBDI for Monroe County and the surrounding areas at this time was between 200 and 400. Table 4.50—Keetch-Byramm Drought Index Fire Danger Rating System KBDI Description 0-200 Soil and fuel moisture are high. Most fuels will not readily ignite or burn. However, with enough sunlight and wind,cured grasses and some light surface fuels will burn in sports and patches. 200-400 Fires more readily burn and will carry across an area with no gaps. Heavier fuels will still not readily ignite and burn. Also, expect smoldering and the resulting smoke to carry into and possibly through the night. 400-600 Fire intensity begins to significantly increase. Fires will readily burn in all directions exposing mineral soils in some locations. Larger fuels may burn or smolder for several days creating possible smoke and control problems. 600-800 Fires will burn to mineral soil.Stumps will burn to the end of underground roots and spotting will be a major problem. Fires will burn through the night and heavier fuels will actively burn and contribute to fire intensity. Source:United State Forest Service vvnmanu Fire Assessment System MbrnmeCotur�ty,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure . —Keetch-Byrarn DroughtIndex,June 2020 << � ... M 41 m� ik IW1CbPCYQ IffI �KI ....� Q� V / 100 200 300 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 Source:Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Warning Time: 4—Less than 6 hours Duration:3—Less than 1 week Location The location of wildfire risk can be defined by the acreage of Wildland Urban Interface(WUI).The WUI is described as the area where structures and other human improvements meet and intermingle with undeveloped wildland or vegetative fuels,and thus demarcates the spatial extent of wildfire risk.The WUI is essentially all the land in the countythat is not heavily urbanized.The Southern Wildfire RiskAssessment (SWRA)estimates that 69.6 percent of the Monroe County population lives within the WUI.The expansion of residential development from urban centers out into rural landscapes increases the potential for wildland fire threat to public safety and the potential for damage to forest resources and dependent industries. Population growth within the WUI substantially increases the risk of wildfire. Table 4.51 details the extent of the WUI in Monroe County, and Figure 4.20 maps the WUI. 95 percent of the county's total land area is classified as outside the WUI and the remaining 5 percent is detailed below. Table . —Wildland Urban Interface,Population and Acres ......................................................................................................................... ..................................................................... ................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................. WUI Percent of WUI Percent of Housing Density Population Population WUI Acres WUI Acres LT 1hs/40ac 53 0.1% 3,087 9.9 1hs/40ac to 1hs/20ac 66 0.1% 2,038 6.5 C:::tu ti tty,I iot uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1193�� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT ................... .................................................................................................... .................................................................... ................................................................................. .................................................................. ............................................................. WUI Percent of WUI Percent of Housing Density Population Population WUI Acres WUI Acres 1hs/20ac to 1hs/10ac 114 0.2% 1,953 6.2% 1hs/10ac to 1hs/5ac 321 0.6% 2,424 7.8% 1hs/5ac to 1hs/2ac 1,530 2.9% 4,430 14.2% 1hs/2ac to 3hs/lac 27,076 51.9% 14,392 46.0% GT 3hs/lac 23,030 44.1% 2,948 9.4% Total 52,190 100.0% 31,272 100.0% Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Per the County CEMP and prior LMS, areas more susceptible to wildfire in Monroe County include Everglades National Park on the Mainland, and Big Pine, No Name, Cudjoe, and Sugarloaf Keys in the Lower Keys where there are remnant tracts of Native Pine Rockland forest. In fact,the largest contiguous block of vegetation in the Lower Keys is 500 acres on Big Pine Key. The County is part of the Everglades District of the Florida Fire Service,which also Includes Broward, Palm Beach,and Miami-Dade Counties. Spatial Extent:2—Small I f::°:iroe C:::tu ri ty,I io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1194;�� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure it Ian ran Interface, Monroe Booword cotVier if c, Miami-lade � N Monroe � f � j *. 10 , R . 9d a Islamorada' Marathon, Layton r 1 M Key Colony Beach Key West Legend $ 16 24 32 i.-LT I hs/40 at 6-.1 hs/2 to 3 hsfac Miles 2-1 hs/40 to Il hs/20 ac NJ 7-GT 3 hsfac Map Creaked ISy:I.KW 3-1 hs/2Q to I hs/10 ac Date Created:VP9R.W.11 fl 'Municipalities Sources:Lsri,Mnnroo L—rrty, 4-1 hs/10 to I hs/5 ac ��������������II �,,T Monroe COUn�ty. tl..SWRAP 5-1.hs/5 to 1 hs/2 ac wood. E!�D counties Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment Q 111°'NII1 e Cot lVuty,1 of V+da Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1195� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Extent Wildfire extent can be defined by the fire's intensity and measured by the Characteristic Fire Intensity Scale,which identifies areas where significant fuel hazards which could produce dangerous fires exist. Fire Intensity ratings identify where significant fuel hazards and dangerous fire behavior potential exist based on fuels, topography, and a weighted average of four percentile weather categories. The Fire Intensity Scale consists of five classes, as defined by Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment and is shown in Table 4.52. Figure 4.21 shows the potential fire intensity within the WUI across Monroe County. Table . —Fire Intensity Scale Class Description 1,Very Low Very small, discontinuous flames, usually less than 1 foot in length;very low rate of spread; no spotting. Fires are typically easy to suppress by firefighters with basic training and non- specialized equipment. 2,Low Small flames,usually less than two feet long;small amount of very short-range spotting possible. Fires are easyto suppress bytrained firefighters with protective equipment and specialized tools. 3,Moderate Flames up to 8 feet in length;short-range spotting is possible. Trained firefighters will find these fires difficult to suppress without support from aircraft or engines, but dozer and plows are generally effective. Increasing potential for harm or damage to life and property. 4,High Large Flames, up to 30 feet in length; short-range spotting common; medium range spotting possible. Direct attack by trained firefighters, engines, and dozers is generally ineffective, indirect attack may be effective. Significant potential for harm or damage to life and property. 5,Very High Very large flames up to 150 feet in length; profuse short-range spotting, frequent long-range spotting; strong fire-induced winds. Indirect attack marginally effective at the head of the fire. Great potential for harm or damage to life and property. Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment Mbr: a oe Cot V V I' ,,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1196;� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure —Characteristic Fire Intensity, Monroe Broward Collier LL_ u Sm Miami-Dade �, a aurr sLM� Moinroe ft �� 'Kf y , ; M j n r^ g Islamorada AN^rv"4'✓ ,✓ � a Marathon � Layton /Ad/1� a Key Colony M" Beach � r i Key West 0 8 16 24 32 Legend Miles I-Lowest Intensity 3-Moderate 5-Hdghest Intensity Map Created By:LAW 1,.5 �����������������������������3.5 IC MunicipaiittleS Date Created:5/2912020 2- �nw 4�--High x" � / Sources:ESri.M L)rrroe Cou nty, Mf nrbe County 00d. [f?Counties Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Per the Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment,75 percent of Monroe County is non-burnable. Note that this includes areas of the County that are open water,and approximately 3 percent of the County's total land area falls in this category. A significant portion of the land area, approximately 35 percent, of Monroe County may experience a Class 4 or higher Fire Intensity, which poses significant harm or damage to life and property. However, the areas with greatest potential fire intensity are largely outside the WUI - including Everglades National Park. Potential fire intensity is also high on Big Pine Key. Over 7 percent of the county may experience Class 3 or 3.5 Fire Intensity,which has potential for harm to life and property but is easier to suppress with dozer and plows. The remainder of the burnable area (approximately 54 percent)would face a Class 1 or Class 2 Fire Intensity,which are easily suppressed. Florida participates in the national Ready,Set, Go! program which helps prepare first responders to best address wildfires when they occur.This program is also used as outreach to help citizens understand their risk and how to be prepared. As part of this program, the State produced a Wildfire Mitigation Plan. Monroe County has addressed fire hazards in their County Emergency Management Plan; however, it is considered a minimal threat. Impact:2-Limited Historical Occurrences NCEI does not report any records of wildfire in Monroe County within the 20-year period from 2000 through 2019. However, the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services maintains records of acreage burned and number of fires within the State of Florida.According to this department,there were 167 fires between January 1", 2000 and December 31", 2019, averaging 8.35 fires per year. However, these fires burned only 186.8 acres in total,averaging 1.12 acres per fire. These fires make up only 0.2 percent of all fires across the state during the same time period.Table 4.53 lists fires and acreage burned by year. Table . -Number of Fires and Acreage Burned by Year, Monroe County Year Number of Fires Acres Burned Avg.Acres Burned 2000 14 4.5 0.32 2001 40 22.5 0.56 2002 32 4.4 0.14 2003 14 54.1 3.86 2004 10 3.3 0.33 2005 5 3.4 0.68 2006 6 1.4 0.23 2007 6 12.3 2.05 2008 5 1.6 0.32 2009 4 2.2 0.55 2010 4 0.4 0.10 2011 7 1.2 0.17 2012 1 0.1 0.10 2013 3 0.5 0.17 2014 7 1.6 0.23 2015 3 0.6 0.20 2016 1 0.1 0.10 2017 2 0.2 0.10 2018 2 72.1 36.05 2019 1 0.3 0.30 Total 167 186.8 1.12 N4.orti,'oe C:::tu rtty,i io ida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 11981 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Source:Florida Forest Service Reporting System:Fires by Causes Two notable fires explain some of the variation in average acreage burned in the table above. Thunderstruck Fire: In 2007, the Thunderstruck Fire burned 7 acres on Big Pine Key, affecting vacant property adjacent to residential and commercial structures. The Florida Division of Forestry brought in resources from Miami to assist in controlling the fire.The U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service provided helicopter water drops to help control the fire spread. During this event,firefighters from several stations worked in yards of homes and several businesses to prevent damage. Flame lengths exceeded thirty feet,and nearly all the vegetation was killed as a result of severity and intensity. Big Pine Key Brush Fire: The Big Pine Key Brush Fire began around 2pm on April 22, 2018 in a wooded area on Big Pine Key. Due to strong winds and dry conditions, the fire spread quickly and burned a total of 72 acres. Due to a quick, unified response from 10 different agencies, including Monroe County Emergency Services, Florida Forest Service,the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and others from Key West to Georgia, only one home and an associated detached garage were destroyed and 30 other homes were saved in the burn area.There were no reported injuries or loss of life. With help from 1.7 inches of rain recorded at the Big Pine Key Forestry site on April 271h, which reduced heat in the fire's interior,the fire was completely contained and put out by April 291h. Overall,93 percent of the pine rock lands on Big Pine Key were left unburned. As seen in Figure 4.22, no part of Monroe County was experiencing any level of Drought at the time this data was collected. The State of Florida uses this Active Wildfires Dashboard to communicate to others where the currently burning wildfires are located. The region experienced prolonged periods of moderate to severe drought in 2000 to 2001, 2007 to 2008, 2009, 2011, 2015, and 2018. These periods of drought may explain some of the annual variation in fires and acreage burned. 1%ftr:u oe C:::tu ri ty,11ol uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure —Active Wildfires,June Mi N" Source:Florida Forest Service Probability of Future Occurrence The Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment provides a Burn Probability analysis which predicts the probability of an area burning based on landscape conditions,weather, historical ignition patterns,and historical fire prevention and suppression efforts. Burn Probability data is generated by simulating fires under different weather, fire intensity, and other conditions. Values in the Burn Probability (BP) data layer indicate, for each pixel, the number of times that cell was burned by a modeled fire, divided by the total number of annual weather scenarios simulated.The simulations are calibrated to historical fire size distributions.The Burn Probability for Monroe County is presented in Table 4.54 and illustrated in Figure 4.23. Note that approximately half of the land area in the County does not have a Burn Probability class assigned to it. The following table details the Burn Probability for the remaining area in the county. u f::°:iroe C:::tu ri ty,110 lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Table 4.54—Burn Probability, Monroe County Class Acres Percent 1 27,886 8.7% 2 19,455 6.1 3 15,618 4.9% 4 13,240 4.1% 5 22,680 7.1% 6 4,215 1.3% 7 2,468 0.8% 8 72,614 22.7% 9 54,312 16.9% 10 88,016 27.5% Total 320,504 100.0% Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Over 67 percent of Monroe County with a rated burn probability has a burn probability between 8 and 10. The areas of higher burn probability are located on the mainland of Monroe County in Everglades National Park.The Keys themselves have a burn probability of 1 to 5.The probability of wildfire across the county is considered likely, defined as between a 10% and 100% annual chance of occurrence. The mainland (Everglades National Park), and Big Pine Key are areas that have historically seen wildfire and area likely to experience wildfire again due to their higher burn probability and potential fire intensity. Probability:3—Likely u f::°:u oe C:::tu ri ty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure —Burn Probability, Monroe g rostra rd Maurer ,i Miami-Dade Manra r ° . f �u EXamoracla Marathon Layton v Key Colony ti Beach Key West 4011 Legend 0 0 16 24 32 Mites 1(Lowest,Probability) 6 u., Municipalities Map Created By LAW Z Ca, 4 Monroe County fan C ated: 3 �� & �Counties Soturces:Esni,IVlonia��avnty, FL,sWanp 4 4 r 5 ■10(Highest:Probability) Source:Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment M.or'Nll tde Ca1;atR rity,,1 of V+da Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1202 � SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Climate Change Climate change could cause increased frequency or intensity of extreme heat or drought events which could affect wildfire behavior. If vegetation type changes, such as reducing moisture of vegetation, soil, or decomposing matter,flammability could increase. Florida currently has weather patterns that create a wet season and a dry season each year. Climate change could cause either season, or both seasons, to increase in occurrence or magnitude. Vulnerability Assessment People Wildfire can cause fatalities and human health hazards. Ensuring procedures are in place for rapid warning and evacuation are essential to reducing vulnerability. Based on 2012 housing density data, Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment (SWRA) estimates that 73,067 people or 71.4% of the total planning area population live within the WUI and are therefore at risk to wildfire. Property Wildfire can cause direct property losses, including damage to buildings, vehicles, landscaped areas, agricultural lands, and livestock. Construction practices and building codes can increase fire resistance and fire safety of structures. Techniques for reducing vulnerability to wildfire include using street design to ensure accessibility to fire trucks, incorporating fire resistant materials in building construction, and using landscaping practices to reduce flammability and the ability for fire to spread. Information of critical facility risk to wildfire was not available. Environment Wildfires have the potential to destroy forest and forage resources and damage natural habitats.Wildfire can also damage agricultural crops on private land. Wildfire is part of a natural process, however,and the environment will return to its original state in time. Consequence Analysis Table 4.55 summarizes the potential detrimental consequences of wildfire. Table . —Consequence Analysis-Wildfire Category Consequences Public In addition to the potential for fatalities,wildfire and the resulting diminished air quality pose health risks. Exposure to wildfire smoke can cause serious health problems within a community,including asthma attacks and pneumonia,and can worsen chronic heart and lung diseases.Vulnerable populations include children, the elderly, people with respiratory problems or with heart disease. Even healthy citizens may experience minor symptoms,such as sore throats and itchy eyes. Responders Public and firefighter safety is the first priority in all wildland fire management activities. Wildfires are a real threat to the health and safety of the emergency services. Most fire-fighters in rural areas are'retained'.This means that they are part-time and can be called away from their normal work to attend to fires. Continuity of Operations Wildfire events can result in a loss of power which may impact operations. Downed (including Continued trees,power lines and damaged road conditions may prevent access to critical Delivery of Services) facilities and/or emergency equipment. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1203�� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Category Consequences Property,Facilities and Wildfires frequently damage community infrastructure,including roadways, Infrastructure communication networks and facilities,power lines,and water distribution systems. Restoring basic services is critical and a top priority. Efforts to restore roadways include the costs of maintenance and damage assessment teams,field data collection,and replacement or repair costs. Direct impacts to municipal water supply may occur through contamination of ash and debris during the fire, destruction of aboveground distribution lines,and soil erosion or debris deposits into waterways after the fire. Utilities and communications repairs are also necessary for equipment damaged by a fire.This includes power lines,transformers, cell phone towers,and phone lines. Environment Wildfires cause damage to the natural environment, killing vegetation and animals. The risk of floods and debris flows increases after wildfires due to the exposure of bare ground and the loss of vegetation. In addition,the secondary effects of wildfires,including erosion, landslides,introduction of invasive species,and changes in water quality,are often more disastrous than the fire itself. Economic Condition of Wildfires can have significant short-term and long-term effects on the local the Jurisdiction economy. Wildfires,and extreme fire danger, may reduce recreation and tourism in and near the fires. If aesthetics are impaired, local property values can decline. Extensive fire damage to trees can significantly alter the timber supply, both through a short-term surplus from timber salvage and a longer-term decline while the trees regrow.Water supplies can be degraded by post-fire erosion and stream sedimentation. Public Confidence in the Wildfire events may cause issues with public confidence because they have very Jurisdiction's visible impacts on the community. Public confidence in the jurisdiction's governance Governance may be influenced by actions taken pre-disaster to mitigate and prepare for impacts, including the amount of public education provided;efforts to provide warning to residents; response actions;and speed and effectiveness of recovery. Associated Hazards Natural hazards are, more often than not, interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to, or be spurred by, another hazard — sometimes referred to as cascading disasters. Wildfire may be associated with: Drought and Landslide Changes in Development Increased development on the wildland fringe, areas immediately adjacent to the Wildland Urban Interface, will expand the WUI itself and further increase vulnerability. Conversely, as infill development occurs and urban areas become more densely developed, fuel sources may be removed such that these areas may fall out of the WUI. Problem Statement Two significant fire events have occurred on Big Pine Key. Consider fuel management, controlled burns, etc. The most significant wildfire risk in Monroe County is on the Mainland, particularly in Everglades National Park which spans the Miami-Dade County line.The counties should confirm mutual aid agreements. Hazard Summary by Jurisdiction The following table summarizes wildfire hazard risk by jurisdiction.Wildfire warning time and duration do not vary by jurisdiction. Spatial extent ratings were estimated based on the of area within the WUI; Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1204;�� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT jurisdictions with approximately 10%to 50% of their area in the WUI and were assigned a spatial extent rating of 3;the City of Key Colony Beach and the City of Layton,which both have to 100%of their area in the WUI, were given a rating of 4. Impact ratings were based on fire intensity data from SWRA. Jurisdictions with significant clusters of moderate to high fire intensity were assigned a rating of 3; all other jurisdictions were assigned a rating of 2. Probability ratings were determined based on burn probability data from SWRA. Only the unincorporated areas of the county have any areas with burn probability greater than 3, including some areas of highest burn probability, and was thus given a probability rating of 3.All other jurisdictions were assigned a probability of 2. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial Extent Warning Time Duration Score Priority Key Colony Beach 2 3 4 4 3 3 H Key West 2 2 3 4 3 2.5 M Layton 2 2 4 4 3 2.7 M Marathon 2 3 3 4 3 2.8 M Islamorada 2 2 3 4 3 2.5 M Unincorporated 3 3 3 4 3 3.1 H Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1205� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT 4.5.6 Coastal Erosion Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Coastal Erosion Likely Limited Moderate More than 24 hrs Less than 1 week Hazard Description C o a l 1;a III II ur o s lii o un Coastal erosion is a process whereby large storms,flooding,strong wave action, sea level rise,and human activities, such as inappropriate land use, alterations, and shore protection structures, wear away the beaches and bluffs along the coast. Erosion undermines and often destroys homes,businesses,and public infrastructure and can have long-term economic and social consequences. According to NOAA, coastal erosion is responsible for approximately$500 million per year in coastal property loss in the United States, including damage to structures and loss of land. To mitigate coastal erosion, the federal government spends an average of$150 million each year on beach nourishment and other shoreline erosion control measures. Coastal erosion has both natural causes and causes related to human activities. Gradual coastal erosion and accretion results naturally from the impacts of tidal longshore currents. Severe coastal erosion can occur over a short period when the state is impacted by hurricanes, tropical storms and other weather systems. Sand is continually removed by longshore currents in some areas, but it is also continually replaced by sand carried in by the same type of currents. Structures such as piers or sea walls,jetties,and navigational inlets may interrupt the movement of sand. Sand can become "trapped" in one place by these types of structures. The currents will, of course,continue to flow,though depleted of sand trapped elsewhere. With significant amounts of sand trapped in the system, the continuing motion of currents (now deficient in sand) results in erosion. In this way, human construction activities that result in the unnatural trapping of sand have the potential to result in significant coastal erosion. Erosion rates and potential impacts are highly localized. Severe storms can remove wide beaches, along with substantial dunes, in a single event. In undeveloped areas,these high recession rates are not likely to cause significant concern, but in some heavily populated locations, one or two feet of erosion may be considered catastrophic(NOAA, 2014). Estuaries are partially enclosed, coastal water bodies where freshwater meats saltwater from the ocean. They are influenced by tides but still protected from the full force of ocean waves. Estuaries are often referred to as bays or sounds. Estuarine coastlines can experience erosion through short-term processes, such as tides, storms, wind, and boat wakes, as well as long-term processes, such as sea level rise. Many variables determine the rate of estuarine erosion including shoreline type, geographic location and size of the associated estuary, the type and abundance of vegetation, and the frequency and intensity of storms. Warning Time: 1 —More than 24 hours Duration: 3—Less than 1 week Location Erosion can occur along any shoreline in the County. In Monroe County, erosion is typically caused by coastal tides, ocean currents, and especially storm events such as hurricanes and tropical storms. Erosion rates are dependent on many characteristics, including soil type. The Lower Keys, having more calcium carbonate beaches, are more susceptible to erosion than the Upper and Middle Keys. In fact, the Upper Keys do not have naturally occurring beaches are thus less susceptible to erosion.The Florida Department Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1206;� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT of Environmental Protection(DEP) regularly monitors Florida's coastline and determines geographic areas of the state that are at high risk to erosion. DEP defines a critical erosion area as: "a segment of shoreline where natural processes or human activity have caused or contributed to erosion and recession of beach or dune system to such a degree that upland development, recreational interest, wildlife habitat, or important cultural resources are threatened or lost. Critical erosion areas may also include peripheral segments or gaps between identified critical erosion areas which, although they may be stable or slightly erosional now, their inclusion is necessary for continuity of management of the coastal system or for the design integrity of adjacent beach management projects." Per DEP's Strategic Beach Management Plan,there are 36.3 miles of beaches in the Florida Keys Region, from just south of Key Biscayne(in Miami-Dade County)to the Dry Tortugas(in Monroe County).Of these beaches, 13.8 miles are critically eroded,all in the Monroe County portion of the region.Table 4.56 below lists the locations of these critically eroded beaches as reported in the 2019 Critically Eroded Beaches report.These shorelines are also mapped in Figure 4.24. Mainland beaches of Key McLaughlin and Cable Sable fronting the Gulf of Mexico are not included in the list below due to insufficient data, however both beaches did sustain severe erosion during Hurricane Wilma in 2005. The Distal Sand keys, west of Key West, were also left out of the below assessment due to insufficient evidence. More details on the methods used to determine the location of critically eroded beaches and the impacts of such erosion on individual locations may be found in Florida DEP's Critically Eroded Beaches Report. Spatial Extent:3—Moderate Table . —Critically Eroded Shorelines, Monroe County Eroding Shoreline Region Erosion Condition Miles of Critically Eroded Beach Sea Oats Beach, Lower Matecumbe Key Middle Keys Critical 1.3 Long Key Middle Keys Critical 1.6 Curry Hammock, Little Crawl Key Middle Keys Critical 0.3 Coco Plum Beach Middle Keys Critical 1.4 Key Colony Beach Middle Keys Critical 0.9 Sunset Beach Middle Keys Critical 0.2 Sombrero Beach,Vaca Key Middle Keys Critical 0.3 Little Duck Key Lower Keys Critical 0.2 Bahia Honda Key Lower Keys Critical 2.0 Long Beach, Big Pine Key Lower Keys Critical 1.1 Boca Chica Key Lower Keys Critical 1.3 Key West Lower Keys Critical 2.8 Simonton Beach Lower Keys Critical 0.1 Fort Zachary Taylor Lower Keys Critical 0.3 Total 13.8 Source:Florida DEP Critically Eroded Beaches Report,2019 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1207 x SECTION4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 0& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure 4.24—Critically Eroded Beaches, Monroe Cpunty,2019 Monroe GDurfty,FL Gulfafmexico Straits of Florida Key Ix".1— Erosion Classifications Source:Florida osp Critically Eroded Beaches Report,2019 Extent The magnitude of erosion can be measured as a rate mf change from a measured previous condition. Erosion rates can vary significantly across the county due to several factors including fetch, shoreline orientation and soil composition.To account for these variations,long-term erosion can also be measured by land cover changes and increases in open water. While a snoa|| fraction of the shoreline may exhibit accretion over a short period of time, cumulative impacts can still indicate an overall loss of estuarine coastline and marsh habitat.Table 4.57 provides from the NCIAA Coastal Change Analysis Program(C-CAP) Land Cover Atlas showing land cover changes in the County from 1996 to 2010. Table 4.57—Land Cover Changes, 1996-2010 Land Cover Type Monroe Net Change Monroe Percent Change Developed, High Intensity 0.87 sq. mi 6.10% Developed, Low Intensity 0.86 sq. mi 6.76% Developed,Open Space 0.16 sq. mi 2.70% Source: M.ortnmeCourtty,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT The C-CAP data indicates a net increase in open water, however the percentage increase is less than one- half of one percent. The County saw a large, almost 76 percent, increase in forested land, and small decreases in both woody and emergent wetlands. Increases in developed land likely result in increased impervious surfaces, which may increase stormwater runoff, alter drainage patterns, and further exacerbate erosion and flood issues. In terms of the magnitude of impacts,erosion may cause property damage when severe but is unlikely to cause injury or death. In the 2015 LMS, it was noted that much of the reported property damage caused by erosion was to public facilities and park infrastructure. The following table summarizes potential expected impacts by critical erosion area as reported by DEP. Table . —Impacts of Critically Eroded Shorelines, Monroe County Eroding Shoreline Potential Impacts Sea Oats Beach, Lower Matecumbe Key Recreational interests, private development & U.S. Highway 1 along Sea Oats Beach Long Key Recreational interests in Long Key State Park&private development Curry Hammock, Little Crawl Key Recreational interests at Curry Hammock State Park Coco Plum Beach Private development, wildlife habitats & recreational interests at Monroe County park Key Colony Beach Private development Sunset Beach Recreational interests Sombrero Beach,Vaca Key Monroe county public park Little Duck Key Monroe county public park Bahia Honda Key Recreational interests, park road&park development Long Beach, Big Pine Key -- Boca Chica Key Recreational interests&park road Key West Recreational interests—complete elimination of recreational beach Simonton Beach Recreational interests as city park Fort Zachary Taylor Recreational interests at state park Source:Florida DEP Critically Eroded Beaches Report,2019 Impact:2—Limited Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure —Erosional Hotspots, Monroe g rowa rd CoHier Miami-Dade 1 ' Monroe f 4 Ni Islarnorada s Marathon1 Layton Key Colony 1 � "r, Beach i Key West 0 '` 4 0 3 16 24 32 Legend Wes N Critical Municipalities Map Created By:un�s Critical Inlet �'A".i Monroe Country ■■■ D n C ated:3/31/020 �� Sources:Esni,IVlonia�Cavnty, NOITCfItICaI Fr NoaA Counties Noncritical Inlet Source:NOAA fkftt°'Mite C1;:Ilt�tV t y,1�1.t,IV V+da Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Historical Occurrences As Figure 4.25 shows, shoreline erosion is occurring along ocean coastlines throughout Monroe County. Erosion is typically an ongoing process; however, it can be intensified and accelerated during storm events, particularly hurricane storm tides. Per an examination of event narratives in NCEI records for hurricanes,tropical storms,storm surges,and coastal floods,the following instances of major erosion are noted in Monroe County: August 17,2008(Tropical Storm)—Tropical Storm Fay crossed through the Lower Florida Keys of Monroe County during the evening of August 18. Damage and preparedness costs to government facilities and infrastructure totaled 2.8 million dollars, with about one million dollars due to coastal flooding damage to roads, and 200,000 dollars due to erosion. September 9, 2008 (Tropical Storm) — Hurricane Ike passed well southwest of the Florida Keys and into the Gulf of Mexico. However, Ike's large wind field produced tropical storm force winds during September 9-10, 2008. Total damage to government property in Monroe County was estimated at $13.5 million dollars. Approximately $1.2 million damage in debris removal and erosion occurred county-wide due to storm surge flooding,with$2.6 million estimated from combined effects from wind and wind-blown rain. Erosion occurred to the causeways surrounding the Card Sound Bridge. The Strategic Beach Management Plan report notes the following storms caused erosion of County beaches: Hurricane Andrew(1992; Upper Keys) Hurricane Georges(1998; Upper, Middle, and Lower Keys) Hurricane Irene(1999; Middle and Lower Keys) Hurricanes Rita and Wilma (2005; Upper, Middle, and Lower Keys) Tropical Storm Fay(2008) Hurricane Isaac(2012) Hurricane Irma (2017) Hurricane Irma caused moderate to severe erosion along most beaches in the Middle and Lower Florida Keys.As reported in the Hurricane Irma Post-Storm Report,as Irma made landfall in the Keys with the eye around Cudjoe Key, areas within and to the east of the eye sustained major beach and dune erosion, including complete destruction of entire dune systems in some cases along with destruction of fences and beach access walkways. The Lower Keys to the west of the eye, in the weak quadrant, sustained only minor beach erosion. Details by location can be found in the Post-Storm Report. Probability of Future Occurrence Erosion and accretion are natural processes that are likely to continue to occur. The likelihood of significant instances of erosion will likely be tied to the occurrence of hurricane, tropical storm, and nor'easter events. Although NCEI only reports on erosion impacts from 2 events over the 20-year span between 2000 through 2019, DEP reports on an additional 4 events. In total,this equates to a 30 percent chance of erosion occurring every year. Additionally, drawing from the likelihood of hurricanes, tropical storms, and Nor'easters, erosion is likely to occur. Probability: 3—Likely Climate Change As discussed under Climate Change in Section 4.5.2,climate change is expected to make heavy rain events and tropical storms and hurricanes more frequent and intense. As a result, the erosion typically caused by these storms can be expected to occur more frequently. Coastal erosion is also expected to increase 1%4ortu oe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT as a result of rising seas. A 2018 study found that globally, between 1984 and 2015 erosion outweighed accretion. However, the study could not conclude the degree to which erosion during this period is attributed to climate changes or increased coastal development. Nonetheless, increases in erosion have been observed and are expected to continue. Vulnerability Assessment People Erosion is unlikely to have any direct impact on the health or safety of individuals. However, it may cause indirect harm by weakening structures and by changing landscapes in ways that increase risk of other hazard impacts. For example, erosion of dune systems causes areas protected by those dunes to face higher levels of risk. Property Property damage due to erosion typically only results in conjunction with large storm events which also bring wind and water damages. These events can cause scour and weaken foundations, which may undermine affected buildings' structural integrity. Data is not available on specific property or critical facility risk to erosion. Environment Erosion can change the shape and characteristics of coastal shorelines. Eroded material may clog waterways and decrease drainage capacity. Erosion can also negatively impact water quality by increasing sediment loads in waterways. Consequence Analysis Table 4.59 summarizes the potential negative consequences of erosion. Table 4.59—Consequence Analysis—Erosion Category Consequences Public Erosion is unlikely to impact public health and safety. Responders Erosion is unlikely to require immediate response or rescue operations. Continuity of Operations Erosion is unlikely to impact public continuity of operations. (including Continued Delivery of Services) Property,Facilities and Erosion can result in property damage if it is severe enough or if scour occurs that Infrastructure undermines the integrity of structural foundations. Environment Erosion can increase sediment loads in waterbodies and change riverine and coastal topography. Economic Condition of the Beach re-nourishment projects to counter erosion are extremely costly. Water Jurisdiction dependent industries may suffer from lost shoreline and degraded water quality. Public Confidence in the Erosion is unlikely to impact public confidence. Jurisdiction's Governance Associated Hazards Natural hazards are, more often than not, interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to, or be spurred by, another hazard — sometimes referred to as cascading disasters. Coastal Erosion may be associated with:Tropical Cyclones, Coastal Storms, Storm Surge, and Flood. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1212 , SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Changes in Development Increased development along the coastal areas vulnerable to erosion could speed up or intensify existing erosion processes. Enhanced development anywhere on the coast could create new erosional hotspots if not managed properly. Problem Statements U.S. Highway 1 is at risk where erosion is occurring along Sea Oats Beach. Erosion that impacts US Highway 1 could interrupt transportation on the entire Island Chain. As highlighted in Table 4.58, numerous recreational beaches and parks are at risk due to Coastal Erosion. Loss of such beaches would threaten the Keys'vital tourist economy. Mitigation strategies to address losses caused by coastal erosion should align with the Strategic Beach Management Plan for the Florida Keys Region. Hazard Summary by Jurisdiction The following table summarizes erosion hazard risk by jurisdiction. Exposure to erosion varies slightly across jurisdictions, particularly in spatial extent. The ratings below are based on the length of miles of critically eroded beaches in each jurisdiction.The impact or erosion across jurisdictions is relatively similar — impacting public and private interests. Importantly, if erosion impacts transportation infrastructure it effects public and private interests the same. Layton is the only jurisdiction without a critically eroded shoreline, so it received impact and spatial extent ratings of 1; however, given the number of hurricanes and storms that impact the county, there is still a possibility that erosion might occur in the future, therefore it was rated as probable. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial Extent Warning Time Duration Score Priority Key Colony Beach 3 2 2 1 3 2.3 M Key West 3 2 3 1 3 2.5 M Layton 2 1 1 1 3 1.5 L Marathon 3 2 3 1 3 2.5 M Islamorada 3 2 2 1 3 2.3 M Unincorporated 3 2 3 1 3 2.5 M Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1213 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT 4.5.7 Drought Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Drought Likely Minor Large More than 24 hrs More than 1 week Hazard Description Drought is a deficiency in precipitation over an extended period.It is a normal,recurrent feature of climate that occurs in virtually all climate zones. The duration of a drought varies widely. There are cases when drought develops relatively quickly and lasts a very short period, exacerbated by extreme heat and/or wind, and there are other cases when drought spans multiple years, or even decades. Studying the paleoclimate record is often helpful in identifying when long-lasting droughts have occurred. Common types of drought are detailed below in Table 4.60. Table —Types of Drought Type Details Meteorological Drought Meteorological Drought is based on the degree of dryness(rainfall deficit) and the length of the dry period. Agricultural Drought is based on the impacts to agriculture byfactors such as rainfall Agricultural Drought deficits, soil water deficits, reduced ground water, or reservoir levels needed for irrigation. Hydrological Drought Hydrological Drought is based on the impact of rainfall deficits on the water supply such as stream flow, reservoir and lake levels,and ground water table decline. Socioeconomic drought is based on the impact of drought conditions (meteorological, agricultural, or hydrological drought) on supply and demand of Socioeconomic Drought some economic goods. Socioeconomic drought occurs when the demand for an economic good exceeds supply as a result of a weather-related deficit in water supply. The wide variety of disciplines affected by drought, its diverse geographical and temporal distribution, and the many scales drought operates on make it difficult to develop both a definition to describe drought and an index to measure it. Many quantitative measures of drought have been developed in the United States, depending on the discipline affected, the region being considered, and the application. Several indices developed by Wayne Palmer, as well as the Standardized Precipitation Index, are useful for describing the many scales of drought. The U.S. Drought Monitor provides a summary of drought conditions across the United States and Puerto Rico. Often described as a blend of art and science, the Drought Monitor map is updated weekly by combining a variety of data-based drought indices and indicators and local expert input into a single composite drought indicator. The Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) devised in 1965, was the first drought indicator to assess moisture status comprehensively. It uses temperature and precipitation data to calculate water supply and demand, incorporates soil moisture, and is considered most effective for unirrigated cropland. It primarily reflects long-term drought and has been used extensively to initiate drought relief. It is more complex than the Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI) and the Drought Monitor. The Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI)is a way of measuring drought that is different from the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). Like the PDSI, this index is negative for drought, and positive for wet conditions. But the SPI is a probability index that considers only precipitation, while Palmer's indices are water balance indices that consider water supply (precipitation), demand (evapotranspiration) and loss (runoff). Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT The State of Florida adopted a Drought Action Plan in 2007 that specifies response strategies to varying levels of declared drought. These rules provide the framework to coordinate statewide response to drought. Warning Time: 1 —More than 24 hours Duration: 4—More than one week Location Drought is a regional hazard that can impact large swaths of land—across county and even state lines. In the event of a drought,the entirety of Monroe County will experience impacts. Drought is a regional hazard that can cover an entire planning area, and in some cases the entire state. Figure 4.26 below notes the U.S. Drought Monitor's drought ratings for Florida as of December 31,2019; as of that date, Monroe County was experiencing some abnormally dry land and moderate drought on the eastern side of the county. Figure 4.27 shows the same ratings for Florida as of June 16th; at this point none of Monroe County or the South Florida region was experiencing any level of drought, highlighting the variability of the hazard. Spatial Extent:4—Large Figure —US Droughtit for Week of December 31,2019 U.S. Drought Monitor December 31, 2019 (Released Thursday,Jan.2,2020) Florida Valid 7a.m.EST l„ Intensity: None DO Abnormally Dry D1 Moderate Drought l D2.Severe Drought IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII� D3 Extreme Drought Da Exceptional Drroughll The Drou,gN Mondor focuses on bvoad-scaPe cond ona.Loaf ccnddtonsrnay vary.For more inform atron on Lre Draught Mc;i tor,go to frf�Os:."ldrei ughfrxroni�ir.unl.edu/F4 bouf.a sr x Author., Brad Pugh CPC/N CAA USDA fir..., r -- dlroulghltmlonlitor.ulnil.edul Source: U.S.Drought Monitor Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1215� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure —US Droughtfor for Week of June 16,2020 US. Drought Monitor June 16, 2020 Florida (ReleasedValid8a.m.EDT 7hursday,Jun. xB 2020) Intensity: None DO Abnormally Dry „h D1 Moderate Drought D2 Severe Drought D3 Extreme Drought Da Exceptional Drought The D;ou,gdTlkiAondor focuses on board-scale eandidrons.Leeat eonddionsrreaya vary.Lorrrvore indo`m adron on die Dmugf2t Mcndor,go to hFtasNdmu,gritdnonidor.u;7P.edulAb ud.a�ox Author: Richard Tinker CP CJN CAAJN'NSdN CEP USDA Vx G IV ail droulghitmonitor.uinll,edui Source: U.S.Drought Monitor Extent Drought extent can be defined in terms of intensity, using the U.S. Drought Monitor scale. The Drought Monitor Scale measures drought episodes with input from the Palmer Drought Severity Index, the Standardized Precipitation Index, the Keetch-Byram Drought Index, soil moisture indicators, and other inputs as well as information on how drought is affecting people. Figure 4.28 details the classifications used by the U.S. Drought Monitor.A category of D2 (severe) or higher on the U.S. Drought Monitor Scale can typically result in crop or pasture losses,water shortages, and the need to institute water restrictions. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1216;� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure —US Droughtfor Classifications III Illlull I II N ,u ':.^m p, IIIY c•m �w m "w .: w c �:m w-. II I I��� innnnnnnnnnnnnni nnnninnnnni innnniiinnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnniiinnn Goulp info droup'lil: Yr rtR iir rl i :el ii pslaruirrr;; DO CJ r ln tlmtl; I rl IIry1 I'rl O llo-'11.9 1.11 to 30 21 Lys 30 0 15 to 0."7 21 Lc, 30 ,uir elciur ru i�neafei dn,icd hay fur <r rpix;n%f f it l i w%+rvd rre rl.,r g t. oll p r tui Ma Lly'lrate" trarns,re edcu.or well n low,sol L�IY it:rV�t�s1"'�'(<: ir�er'Iii n✓aie I,e I ai rl rr no7n inri�C DI 1 0 to-19 111 to 0 111�Lo 210 0,1 tc[ -�'11.2 111 Lo 2IL1 Vol rrcpn t:ecl Severe cfoo pnsfufe li.ss< IiVsly m rn 3 Cl lc'-:3.9 6 3iI�)10 6 It 0 L 1 1 ;3 1c, L.5 6 It 0 L 0 711":allolrlV ar erir trirtoln.,Irposed ExtfO�.tirrll L. �t'�ibteI ieaJ irt_rksli r{.,_s D:re�h ctIui7.>. 4 0l 1CAJ-4,L3 :a to r3 3 Lo"5 11.6 It�c; -11.'9 3 Lo'31 Ifs� i,':ou,hVa.4 IF ri rairll i li rc;�ev I'lit{rn., �'�., G.}P' C"".'+:`:,� R.�1..C'7 011:.o.,�f. •a:'...0 y.b C� F v;i.�;, �J �:.d:',d,L Source:US Drought Monitor Drought in Florida occurs on a regular, cyclical basis.The different areas of Florida are randomly affected and sometimes equally affected. Counties that are expected to experience the most weeks of drought each year are the northern and central counties. Impact:1—Minor Historical Occurrences The worst drought in Florida's recorded history was from 1954-1956 resulting in the loss of many of crops and a lot timber were lost.The Northern Counties got the worst part of the drought but most of the State was in drought for all of 1956.Another major drought occurred in 1981-1982 when rain was scarce, and Lake Okeechobee reached the lowest water level ever recorded.All the State was in moderate or severe drought, but many regions were out of drought by the end of 1981. Florida had another severe drought from 1998 to 2001. During this, crops were destroyed, lake levels were at an all-time low, and wildfires raged. This drought caused the water management districts to restrict water use, municipalities to hike water rates, and many restaurants were ordered to stop serving water except forto customers who asked.Several wildfires also occurred in 2007,including one in Monroe County, because of a drought from 2006 to 2007. This period saw the largest rainfall deficit since the 1950s and was considered a one in 25-year drought event. From 2010 to 2012, the State saw a drought that affected most counties, but the northern central and Panhandle regions were classified as in "extreme drought"for an extended period.Again in 2016,drought conditions developed and lasted into 2017 causing many wildfires. There has never been a Presidential Major Disaster Declaration for drought in Florida. However,the USDA has declared agricultural disasters because of drought. Disaster designations help producers get loans and emergency assistance in these situations. U.S. Drought Monitor records drought intensity weekly throughout the country. Table 4.61 presents the number of weeks that Monroe County spent in drought by intensity over the period from 2000 through 2019, for which the Drought Monitor has records for 1,043 weeks. Note that the U.S. Drought Monitor i f::°:uoeCott1ulty,iiolu,l a Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1217 x SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT reports drought history as the percentage of County land area in each category of drought by week. Note that the table below counts a week in a given category if the largest percentage of land area falls within that category for that week. Table —Weeks in Drought, - Weeks in Drought %of time in Severe County Total DO D1 D2 D3 D4 Drought or Worse Monroe 368 207 102 56 3 0 16% Source:U.S.Drought Monitor History Figure 4.29 shows the historical periods where the County was considered in some level of drought condition.The color key shown in Figure 4.28 indicates the intensity of the drought. Figure —US Droughtit Historical Trends, Monroe County Moiaroe iDou my(11)IPeuunt Area f 5). i f Source: U.S.Drought Monitor The National Drought Mitigation Center(NDMC),located at the University of Nebraska in Lincoln,provides a clearinghouse for information on the effects of drought,based on reports from media,observers,impact records,and other sources. According to the National Drought Mitigation Center's Drought Impact Reporter, during the 10-year period from 2010 through 2019, 389 county level drought impacts were noted for the State of Florida,of which 26 were reported to affect Monroe County.Table 4.62 summarizes the number of impacts reported by category and the years impacts were reported for each category. Note that the Drought Impact Reporter assigns multiple categories to each impact. Table —Drought Impacts Reported for Monroe County,January 2010 through Category Impacts Years Reported Agriculture 3 2010,2015,2017 Business&Industry 1 2011 Fire 10 2010,2011,2016,2017,2018,2019 Plants&Wildlife 6 2011,2012,2015,2017 Relief,Response&Restrictions 18 2010,2011,2012,2015,2016, 2017,2018,2019 Society&Public Health 0 -- Tourism&Recreation 1 2012 Water Supply&Quality 12 2011,2012,2015,2017 Source:Drought Impact Reporter,Ihn�jjp,;;jfrc,ir%uglh;ir¢pairteir,inll,;ed u, Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1218�� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Probability of Future Occurrence Over the 20-year period,for which the U.S.Drought Monitor reported on 1,043 weeks,from 2000 to 2019, Monroe County had 368 weeks of drought conditions ranging from abnormally dry to extreme drought. This equates to a 35 percent chance of drought in any given week. Of this time, approximately 59 weeks were categorized as a severe (D2) drought or greater; which equates to a 6 percent chance of severe drought in any given week. The central and southern regions of Florida are likely to experience 0 to 13 weeks of drought each year. This hazard was determined to occur about every 5 to 10 years. In Monroe County, although drought is experienced, it is unlikely it will be widespread or prolonged. At most, 91 percent of the county experienced D2 level drought; D3 level drought was only ever impacted 46 percent of the county. Probability:3—Likely Climate Change The Fourth National Climate Assessment reports that average and extreme temperatures are increasing across the country and average annual precipitation is decreasing in the Southeast. Heavy precipitation events are becoming more frequent, meaning that there will likely be an increase in the average number of consecutive dry days. As temperature is projected to continue rising, evaporation rates are expected to increase, resulting in decreased surface soil moisture levels. Together, these factors suggest that drought will increase in intensity and duration in the Southeast. Vulnerability Assessment People Drought can affect people's physical and mental health. For those economically dependent on a reliable water supply, drought may cause anxiety or depression about economic losses, reduced incomes, and other employment impacts. Conflicts may arise over water shortages. People may be forced to pay more for water,food, and utilities affected by increased water costs. Drought may also cause health problems due to poorer water quality from lower water levels. If accompanied by extreme heat, drought can also result in higher incidents of heat stroke and even loss of human life. The Florida Keys experience dry and wet seasons and are sometimes characterized by an arid climate.As the County is supplied by water from the mainland, residents always need to be aware of preserving water, but especially during drought periods.The Florida Key's Aqueduct Authority and the South Florida Water Management District will issue restrictions as needed. Such restrictions are predominantly intended for lawn and vegetation maintenance, but irresponsible water use will affect residents' access to water with continued development. Property Drought is unlikely to cause damages to the built environment, including private property or critical facilities. However, in areas with shrinking and expansive soils,drought may lead to structural damages. Drought may cause severe property loss for the agricultural industry in terms of crop and livestock losses. The USDA's Risk Management Agency (RMA) maintains a database of all paid crop insurance claims, however no claims were made in Monroe County between 2007-2018 as a result of drought. M.ortu oe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Environment Drought can affect local wildlife by shrinking food supplies and damaging habitats. Sometimes this damage is only temporary,and other times it is irreversible.Wildlife may face increased disease rates due to limited access to food and water. Increased stress on endangered species could cause extinction. Residents are aware of the need to use native vegetation and ground cover to avoid the need for excessive watering. Drought conditions can also provide a substantial increase in wildfire risk. As plants and trees die from a lack of precipitation, increased insect infestations, and diseases—all of which are associated with drought—they become fuel for wildfire. Long periods of drought can result in more intense wildfires, which bring additional consequences for the economy, the environment, and society. Drought may also increase likelihood of wind and water erosion of soils. Consequence Analysis Table 4.63 summarizes the potential negative consequences of drought. Table 4.63—Consequence Analysis- Drought Category Consequences Public Can cause anxiety or depression about economic losses, conflicts over water shortages, reduced incomes, fewer recreational activities, higher incidents of heat stroke,and fatality. Responders Impacts to responders are unlikely. Exceptional drought conditions may impact the amount of water immediately available to respond to wildfires. Continuity of Operations Drought would have minimal impacts on continuity of operations due to the (including Continued relatively long warning time that would allow for plans to be made to maintain Delivery of Services) continuity of operations. Property,Facilities and Drought has the potential to affect water supply for residential, commercial, Infrastructure institutional,industrial,and government-owned areas.Drought can reduce water supply in wells and reservoirs. Utilities may be forced to increase rates. Environment Environmental impacts include strain on local plant and wildlife; increased probability of erosion and wildfire. Economic Condition of the Farmers may face crop losses or increased livestock costs. Businesses that Jurisdiction depend on farming may experience secondary impacts. Extreme drought has the potential to impact local businesses in landscaping, recreation and tourism,and public utilities. Public Confidence in the When drought conditions persist with no relief, local or State governments must Jurisdiction's Governance often institute water restrictions,which may impact public confidence. Associated Hazards Natural hazards are, more often than not, interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to, or be spurred by, another hazard — sometimes referred to as cascading disasters. Drought may be associated with: Wildfire and Extreme Heat. Changes in Development Drought is predominantly controlled by larger weather patterns and less by human development. However, increased development and the resulting increasing impervious surfaces would mean less surface water would be able to directly infiltrate into the ground. Further, because the County's water is predominantly supplied bythe Biscayne aquifer in Miami-Dade County, new development and population growth in Monroe County as well as Miami-Dade and other areas supplied by the aquifer will increase M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT water demand. In turn,this could lower the threshold for socioeconomic drought in terms of an inability of water supply to mee water demand. Problem Statements Drought is a regional hazard. If drought impacts Monroe County, it will similarly be impacting neighboring counties and towns.The Keys get most of their drinking water from the Biscayne Aquifer and supplement with water from the Floridan Aquifer. In the case of a drought, water supply could be impacted.Water is already transported long distances to reach the keys, and in drought circumstances the distance water must travel could increase. Drought can create or exacerbate water quality issues.Though the Biscayne Aquifer is of superior quality,the Floridan Aquifer is considered brackish and experience saltwater intrusion; a drought Hazard Summary by Jurisdiction The following table summarizes drought hazard risk by jurisdiction. Drought risk is uniform across the planning area.Warning time,duration, and spatial extent are inherent to the hazard and remain constant across jurisdictions. Drought most commonly and severely impacts agricultural activities, of which there are few in the County. In more heavily developed areas, the magnitude of drought is less severe, with lawns and local gardens affected and potential impacts on already constrained local water supplies during severe, prolonged drought. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial Extent Warning Time Duration Score Priority Key Colony Beach 3 1 4 1 4 2.5 M Key West 3 1 4 1 4 2.5 M Layton 3 1 4 1 4 2.5 M Marathon 3 1 4 1 4 2.5 M Islamorada 3 1 4 1 4 2.5 M Unincorporated 3 1 4 1 4 2.5 M Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 �� 1221 � SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT 4.5.8 Extreme Heat Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Extreme Heat Likely Limited Large More than 24 hrs Less than 1 week Hazard Description Per information provided by FEMA, in most of the United States extreme heat is defined as a long period (2 to 3 days)of high heat and humidity with temperatures above 90 degrees. In extreme heat,evaporation is slowed, and the body must work extra hard to maintain a normal temperature,which can lead to death by overwork of the body. Extreme heat often results in the highest annual number of deaths among all weather-related disasters. Per Ready.gov: • Extreme heat can occur quickly and without warning • Older adults, children, and sick or overweight individuals are at greater risk from extreme heat • Humidity increases the feeling of heat as measured by heat index Ambient air temperature is one component of heat conditions, with relative humidity being the other. The relationship of these factors creates what is known as the apparent temperature. The Heat Index Chart in Figure 4.30 uses both factors to produce a guide for the apparent temperature or relative intensity of heat conditions. Figure —Heat Index NWS Heat (Index Temperature OF' 88 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 1100 1102 104 106 108 110 46 80 81 88 85, 88, _ 81 94 1,97 1101 45 80 82 84 87 85, 9 68 81! 88 85 88 91 8$ 8 �; 65 81 84 85 88 8 �811 I 68, 82 84 88 '81 85 11 I I 65 82 85 89 93 98 18 76 88 86 90 05, I I 76 84 88 I a 86, 84 89 94 100 85 85 90 46 102 86 8151 98 96 85 93 100 �f� 11r1 100 87 95 10,3 Likelihood of Heat Diso rders with Prolon ed Expos ure or Strenu*u Activ i Caution Extreme Caution E3 Danger 13 Extreme 0a er Source:National Weather Service(NWS) Note:Exposure to direct sun can increase Heat Index values by as much as 15"F.The shaded zone above 105°F corresponds to a heat index that may cause increasingly severe heat disorders with continued exposure and/or physical activity. During these conditions, the human body has difficulties cooling through the normal method of the evaporation of perspiration. Health risks rise when a person is overexposed to heat. The most dangerous place to be during an extreme heat incident is in a permanent home, with little or no air conditioning. Those at greatest risk for heat-related illness include people 65 years of age and older, young children, 1%ftr:iroe Cot�iruty,I to lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT people with chronic health problems such as heart disease, people who are obese,people who are socially isolated,and people who are on certain medications,such as tranquilizers,antidepressants,sleeping pills, or drugs for Parkinson's disease. However, even young and healthy individuals are susceptible if they participate in strenuous physical activities during hot weather or are not acclimated to hot weather.Table 4.64 lists typical symptoms and health impacts of heat exposure. Table — icl Health Impacts of Extreme Heat Heat Index(HI) Disorder 80-90° F(HI) Fatigue possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity 90-105' F(HI) Sunstroke, heat cramps,and heat exhaustion possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity 105-130'F(HI) I Heatstroke/sunstroke highly likely with continued exposure Source:National Weather Service Heat Index Program,www.weather.gov/os/heat/index.shtmi The NWS has a system in place to initiate alert procedures (advisories or warnings) when the Heat Index is expected to have a significant impact on public safety. The expected severity of the heat determines whether advisories or warnings are issued. A common guideline for issuing excessive heat alerts is when the maximum daytime Heat Index is expected to equal or exceed 105 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) and the night time minimum Heat Index is 80°F or above for two or more consecutive days. A heat advisory is issued when temperatures reach 105 degrees and a warning is issued at 115 degrees. Impacts of extreme heat are not only focused on human health, as prolonged heat exposure can have devastating impacts on infrastructure as well. Prolonged high heat exposure increases the risk of pavement deterioration, as well as railroad warping or buckling. High heat also puts a strain on energy systems and consumption, as air conditioners are run at a higher rate and for longer; extreme heat can also reduce transmission capacity over electric systems. Warning Time: 1 —More than 24 hours Duration:3—Less than one week Location The entire planning area is susceptible to high temperatures and incidents of extreme heat. Spatial Extent:4—Large Extent The extent of extreme heat can be defined by the maximum apparent temperature reached. Apparent temperature is a function of ambient air temperature and relative humidity and is reported as the heat index.The NWS Southern Region sets the following criteria for heat advisory and excessive heat warning: Heat Advisory—Heat Index of 108°F or higher or temperature of 103°F or higher Excessive Heat Warning—Heat Index of 113°F or higher for any duration or temperature of 103°F or higher Table 4.65 notes the highest temperature on record at nine weather stations in Monroe County according to the Southeast Regional Climate Center,which maintains temperature records for the highest maximum temperature each month. Table —Highest TemperatureLocation Temperature Location Date 101°F Dry Tortugas August 1992 fkftr:iroe Ct::tu ri ty,I io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1223 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Temperature Location Date 95°F Key West Int'I Airport September 2018* 97°F Bahia Honda State Park July/August 2005 97°F Curry Hammock State Park July 2011* 99°F Duck Key July 1987 93°F Islamorada August 2010 98°F Tavernier September 1963 95°F John Pennekamp State Park July 2018 97°F Flamingo Ranger Station September 2013 Source: Southeast Regional Climate Center;only for stations with records within the past 20 years. *Some maximum temperatures were recorded more than once,where this occurred,the most recent occurrence is noted. Impact:2—Limited Historical Occurrences NCEI records zero incidents of heat or excessive heat for Monroe County between 2000-2019. Heat index records maintained by the North Carolina Climate Office for the Southeastern United States indicate that the County regularly experiences heat index temperatures above 100*F.Table 4.66 provides counts of heat index values by threshold recorded from 2000-2019 at Key West Airport. Counts are provided as the number of hours in a given year where the heat index reached or exceeded 100*F. Table —Historical Heat Index Counts, Key West International Airport( ),2000-2019 Heat Index Value Year Total 100-104*F 105-109OF 110-1140F >_11501F 2000 268 27 1 0 296 2001 132 2 0 0 134 2002 438 34 1 0 473 2003 401 42 0 0 443 2004 301 6 0 0 307 2005 173 0 0 0 173 2006 22 0 0 0 22 2007 259 10 0 0 269 2008 90 0 0 0 90 2009 424 35 0 0 459 2010 311 22 0 0 333 2011 276 23 0 0 299 2012 41 0 0 0 41 2013 76 0 0 0 76 2014 253 24 1 2 280 2015 312 38 1 0 351 2016 543 35 0 0 578 2017 346 43 0 0 389 2018 371 48 0 0 419 2019 322 44 0 0 366 Sum 5,359 433 4 2 5,798 Average 1 268 1 22 0 0 290 Source:North Carolina Climate Office,Heat Index Climatology Tool Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT According to this data, Monroe County averages approximately 290 hours per year with heat index values above 100°F. Probability of Future Occurrence Data was gathered from the North Carolina State Climate Office's Heat Index Climatology Tool using the Key West International Airport weather station in the County as an approximation for Monroe County as a whole. Based on 20 years of available data, the County averages 290 hours per year with heat index temperatures above 100°F. Heat index temperatures surpassed 100°F every year,occurring for at least 20 hours per year. Probability:3—Likely Climate Change Research shows that average temperatures will continue to rise in the Southeast United States and globally, directly affecting Monroe County. Per the Fourth National Climate Assessment, "extreme temperatures are projected to increase even more than average temperatures.Cold waves are projected to become less intense and heat waves more intense." The number of days over 95°F is expected to increase by between 20 and 30 days annually, as shown in Figure 4.31. Figure —Projected Change in Number of Days Over Projected Difference from Historical GIliimate tiu " h �, Change un Nu>Imber of Days 0 10 7.0 30 40 50 Historical Chmate (1971- 0010) Projection ( 0,41- .070) . �y Tlir „ ,, I JV Nu.umbeir 0f Days 0 15 30 45 60 75 M. ortll doe Cot rtt ,,1�1.oV Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1225� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Source:NOAA NCDC from 2014 National Climate Assessment Vulnerability Assessment Methodologies and Assumptions No data is available to assess the vulnerability of people or property in the planning area to extreme heat. People Extreme heat can cause heat stroke and even loss of human life.The elderly and the very young are most at risk to the effects of heat. People who are isolated are also more vulnerable to extreme heat.The table below summarizes the percent of each jurisdiction's total population that falls within these age groups. Jurisdiction Population under 5 Population over 65 years of age(%) years of age(%) Islamorada 2.3% 29.6% Key Colony Beach 0.0% 49.6% Key West 5.3% 15.4% Layton 0.0% 48.5% Marathon 4.9% 22.0% Unincorporated Monroe County 4.6% 23.2% Monroe County Total 4.7% 21.3% Source:U.S.Census Bureau,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-year estimates Property Extreme heat is unlikely to cause significant damages to the built environment. However, road surfaces can be damaged as asphalt softens, and concrete sections may buckle under expansion caused by heat. Train rails may also distort or buckle underthe stress of head induced expansion.Power transmission lines may sag from expansion and if contact is made with vegetation the line may short out causing power outages. Additional power demand for cooling also increases power line temperature adding to heat impacts. Environment Wild animals are vulnerable to heat disorders like humans, including mortality. Vegetation growth will be stunted, or plants may be killed if temperatures rise above their tolerance extremes. Consequence Analysis Table 4.67 summarizes the potential negative consequences of extreme heat. Table —Consequence Analysis—Extreme Heat Category Consequences Public Extreme heat may cause illness and/or death. Responders Consequences may be greater for responders if their work requires exertion and/or wearing heavy protective gear. Continuity of Operations Continuity of operations is not expected to be impacted by extreme heat because (including Continued warning time for these events is long. Delivery of Services) Property,Facilities and Minor impacts may occur,including possible damages to road surfaces and power Infrastructure lines. i f::°:u oe C:::tu ri ty,l io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1226;� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Environment Environmental impacts include strain on local plant and wildlife, including potential for illness or death. Economic Condition of the Farmers may face crop losses or increased livestock costs. Jurisdiction Public Confidence in the Extreme heat is unlikely to impact public confidence. Jurisdiction's Governance Associated Hazards Natural hazards are, more often than not, interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to, or be spurred by, another hazard — sometimes referred to as cascading disasters. Extreme may be associated with: Drought and Wildfire. Changes in Development More intensive development can increase the urban heat island effect — where the concentration of structures, infrastructure, and human activity traps and stores heat resulting in localized "heat islands." Information is not available on the extent to which impervious surface coverage has changed since the adoption of the previous hazard mitigation plan. Problem Statements Populations most vulnerable to the effects of excessive heat are children under the age of 5 and those over the age of 65. Key Colony Beach and Layton have close to 50%of their population in the 65 and above category. Key west has over 5%of its population in the under 5 category. The County and participating jurisdictions should identify community spaces that can serve as cooling centers and publicize those spaces in advance of predicted extreme heat. Hazard Summary by Jurisdiction The following table summarizes extreme heat hazard risk by jurisdiction. Extreme heat risk does not vary significantly by jurisdiction. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial Extent Warning Time Duration Score Priority Key Colony Beach 3 2 4 1 3 2.7 M Key West 3 2 4 1 3 2.7 M Layton 3 2 4 1 3 2.7 M Marathon 3 2 4 1 3 2.7 M Islamorada 3 2 4 1 3 2.7 M Unincorporated 3 2 4 1 3 2.7 M Monroe County M.ortlloe Court,1�1.o Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1227 x SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT 4.5.9 Sea Level Rise and other Climate Change Characteristics Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Sea Level Rise and other Climate Change Likely Critical Large More than 24 hrs More than 1 week Characteristics Hazard Description Sea level rise is the increase in sea levels as a result of atmospheric and oceanic warming which causes water expansion as well as ice melt from ice sheets and glaciers.Sea level rise is a result of global climate change. Climate change may be due to natural internal processes or external forces such as modulations of the solar cycles, volcanic eruptions, and persistent anthropogenic changes in the composition of the atmosphere or in land use (IPCC, 2014). Climate change is a natural occurrence in which the earth has warmed and cooled periodically over geologic time. The recent and rapid warming of the earth over the past century has been cause for concern,as this warming is very likely due to the accumulation of human- caused greenhouse gases,such as CO2, in the atmosphere (IPCC, 2007). This warming is occurring almost everywhere in the world which suggests a global cause rather than changes in localized weather patterns. In 2018, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported with high confidence that warming due to such emissions will cause long-term changes in the climate system such as sea level rise and its associated impacts. There are generally two separate mechanics involved in global sea level rise. The first is directly attributed to global temperature increases,which warm the oceans waters and cause them to expand. The second is attributed to the melting of ice over land which simply adds water to the oceans. Global sea level rise is likely caused by a combination of these two mechanics and can be exacerbated on the local level by factors such as erosion and subsidence. The rate of sea level rise has varied throughout geologic history, and studies have shown that global temperature and sea level are strongly correlated. Due to sea-level rise projected throughout the 21st century and beyond, coastal systems and low-lying areas will increasingly experience adverse impacts such as submergence, coastal flooding, and coastal erosion. The population and assets projected to be exposed to coastal risks as well as human pressures on coastal ecosystems will increase significantly in the coming decades due to population growth, economic development, and urbanization (IPCC, 2014). Monroe County is particularly vulnerable to the effects of sea level rise, due to its coastal location,subtropical environment, low topography and tourism economy. Warning Time:1—More than 24 hours Duration:4—More than one week Location Sea level rise can occur anywhere along the coast in Monroe County.The Coastal Vulnerability Index(CVI), developed by United States Geological Survey (USGS), provides a preliminary overview of the relative susceptibility of the United States coast to sea level rise. The CVI is based on geomorphology, regional coastal slope,tide range,wave height, relative sea level rise,and shoreline erosion and acceleration rates. For each study area, each variable is scored on a 1-5 scale based on defined parameters, where "1" indicates low contribution to coastal vulnerability and "5" indicates high contribution to vulnerability. These scores are then aggregated into a single index through a mathematical formula.The resulting index gives an overview of where physical changes may occur due to sea-level rise. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1228 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure 4.32 shows the CVI for Monroe County.The majority of the Florida Keys have a CVI rating of high, with the exception of Big Torch Key and Howe Key,which are rated moderate.The mainland coastline of Monroe County is also rated moderate. Spatial Extent:4—Large Figure —Coastal Vulnerability Index, MonroeCounty rd II � I I i ro �; ' arnm,6,�VNdGuln�c�al,rifuly&�vr�urrx lcrh Y r�i?Pr Source:USGS Coastal Change Hazards Portal Extent Sea level rise is measured by the number of feet of relative rise and the areas that such rise would inundate.The estimated impacts of 1-foot,2-foot,and 3-foot,sea level rise(SLR)are shown in Figure 4.33. Impacts on individual communities are mapped in each individual annex. The SLR estimate maps show inundation above mean higher high water(the average of each day's higher high tide line).SLR will likely affect coastal marsh lands as well as land along rivers, canals, and their tributaries. Additionally, SLR will likely increase future risk of flooding from the other flood hazards discussed later in this plan, as more land will have a lower elevation relative to sea level. Note that the data used to produce the map below does not illustrate the potential extent of Sea Level Rise on mainland Monroe County; Figure 4.34 on the following page displays the potential extent of 3 feet of seal level rise on the Mainland from the NOAA Sea Level Rise viewer. M.ortu oe C:::tu rtty,11ol uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure —Sea Level Rise Inundation, ro , FL Rroward Collier t Moami-Dade ti 1 0. �' ll Monroe 9, l y qq Islamorada' ✓" Marathon La ton bK^ � 0� '"'r" Key Colony � .. Beach A �s; w Key West s., 0 8 15 24 32 Legend " Miles 1 Ft Sea Level Ruse IL I;? Municipalities Map created By:Low 2 Ft Sea Level Rise 7—r'/"�.� Monroe County Date Created:S/9/020 ✓oOd sources.e�ri Moi,we c u�ny 3 Ft Sea Level Ruse �Counties FL Source:NOAA Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 �\ _ � � _ .< y � ■ \ c c . � > e » § ■ ® � - 22 � 2 � &tn R ± L Ln ¢ I ba ■ # ® K w z m o 4. E N K 0 u . � § > 2 � \ � \ � v � � \ � � g � � / 2 / § o . . . . . . . . . . 2 C SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Sea level rise is a slow onset hazard, and because the full extent of anticipated sea level rise has not yet been realized,the effects of sea level rise have not yet been fully felt. However,sea level rise has already begun to cause "clear sky" or "nuisance" flooding, which is brought on by high tidewaters rather than storm or rain events. Tidal flooding causes temporary inundation of low-lying areas during high-tide events.While tidal flooding is not caused by sea level rise itself, a 2015 tidal flooding report published by NOAA notes that tidal flood rates are steadily increasing, and daily highest tides surpass fixed elevations increasingly frequently, due in part to sea level rise.According to NOAA, annual occurrences of high tide flooding have increased 5- to 10-fold since the 1960s. Sea level rise may cause flooding to occur more frequently and last for longer durations of time. Climate Central's Surging Seas Risk Finder data will be very useful to the County while planning for sea level rise.As sea level continues to rise,tidal flooding will continue to occur more frequently and over a greater inland area. Figure 4.35 shows areas in Monroe County that are susceptible to high tide flooding as defined by NOAA based on derived national flood thresholds from NOAA ledhiml'ucall I sm girt NOS CO... IPS 086� 1:1aloteirimm and Ipirc ecfioins of ll filth..ikje IHoom�liupg glUm:mimm I:IU m W .mro g2 I:lUI'uine UsI'im g 2 !)mmn!)9 i!n 2 .i,,..i.lhire the llmj. Impact:3—Critical Figure —Areas Susceptiblet i Tide Flooding, MonroeCounty �a0 VIYywvasarel f yy , gun u�v �. b� F I„ 9 `a. 01. �Yu, r"� High T'We Moding � : ' a f3A II:PdR dgGS Cisaua it a[�:r;wa r� aa¢.aiuraau.aro awao ......... a ................................... Source:NOAA Coastal Flood Exposure Mapper Historical Occurrences Historic trends in local Mean Sea Level (MSL) are best determined from tide gauge records. The Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services(CO-OPS) has been measuring sea level for over 150 years, with tide stations operating on all U.S. coasts. Changes in MSL, either a sea level rise or sea level fall, have been computed at 128 long-term water level stations using a minimum span of 30 years of observations at each location. These measurements have been averaged by month to remove the effect of higher frequency phenomena (e.g.storm surge) in order to compute an accurate linear sea level trend. fkftrmi,,o r Cm:mtu ri ty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 12321 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure 4.36 illustrates regional trends in sea level from NOAA. At the Key West, FL station (indicated by the green arrow in western Monroe County), the relative sea level trend is 2.47 mm/year with a 95% confidence interval of+/-0.15 mm/year based on monthly mean sea level data from 1913 to 2019 which is equivalent to a change of 0.81 feet in 100 years. At the Vaca Key station (indicated by the yellow arrow in the Middle Keys),the relative sea level trend is 3.85 mm/year with a 95%confidence interval of+/-0.45 mm/year based on data from 1971 to 2019;this is equivalent to a change of 1.26 feet in 100 years. Figure —Sea Level Trends, MonroeCounty } f tl 41 i i(.a ri y4JYtl Ye I ,cl_ei a oVn1 u �il brt IC liv'I In-;,n 1'IY vp, F':ryd.=i!i f%7r f iaf � lIiYVMI x.p; iMYifl... The coup above Xusbatas reWwp sea OeveP frauds,w4h arrows raprasentiog the dre&an and magnitude of change_CPck on an arrmv to:access addtPonaf infornaalion about that station Relative Sea Level Trends m im/yl(feet/centcry) ' Agave 9 6 to 9 s"•y 3'to 6 >0 to 3 -3 to 0 -6 to-3 -9 to b 8e1aw-9 j{A6ave 3) (2 to 3J (,1 to 2�"' (0 t®Q (-1 to 0)� '(-2 t®-1j (-3 to 2}��(,B& ..-3) Source: Ih!1:�Ip.::jflii mk,u irir; im; ;,i m�s . :, f,ll,lir,i m�k;jell;ir¢ m ::::l;li mll, Figure 4.37 shows the monthly mean sea level at NOAA's Key West,FL station without the regular seasonal fluctuations due to coastal ocean temperatures, salinities, winds, atmospheric pressures, and ocean currents. The long-term linear trend is also shown, including its 95% confidence interval. The plotted values are relative to the most recent Mii:::!ain Sea immix,:!v6l datii,iirn r, i mllh Illlii Wrir, : Ilh �Q..i 11 S. u f:u°:u oe Cou rtty, Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1233 SECTION4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 0& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure 4.37—Mean Sea Level Trends, Key West FL orzwsmo Key West,Florida 2.47+/- o.zsmm/vr ^o" Linear Relative Sea Level Trend ^+` MonthIV inean sea level with the ".am oz� � 0.00 � -o.z5 -.am a*s -".«*. zsm zszo zoan zmn zson zsnn zsrn 1s80 zssn znno znm zozn Source:wo^A Tides and Currents,Januaryzozo The data above relies on a linear trend over more than a decade. As such, the trend misses subtle variations and especially larger increases as climate change and CO2 levels have increased in recent years. Per the Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact's Unified Sea Level Rise Projection,this linear trend estimates approximately 2 inches of sea level rise at the Key West, FL tide gauge from 2000 through 2019. However, using 5-year averages of mean sea level,this estimate is closer to 3.9 inches of sea level rise from 200010 2017. This 5-year average of monthly mean sea level illustrates the variability ofsea level and highlights the increase in sea level above the linear trend, especially in the last decade. Figure 4.38frono the Unified Projection document illustrates these variations by displaying nomn1h|y mean sea level,5-year averages of mean sea level, and the linear mean sea level trend. Figure 4.38—Relative Sea Level Rise in Key West, FL zv 45 � � m � m � s Mean Sea Level ---Mean Sea Level s-Yew,Average � | u=° I.e.ell as 1.9 1920 1930 194 01 19W 3960 1970 1980 1990 210GO 2,010 2021l) Year Source:Unified Sea Level Rise Projection,South Florida Regional Climate Change Compact fkftl�inmeCotil�ity,1�1.olUda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT As noted previously, climate change and sea level rise can have varying impacts, including more frequent coastal flood days. Climate Central's Surging Seas Risk Finder notes that coastal floods are increasing. Figure 4.39 shows coastal flooding in the Key West Area (based on the Key West water level station)from 1955 through 2014 in 10-year increments.According to this data,from 1995 through 2004,the Key West area experienced 8 coastal flood days—seven of which were driven by climate-linked sea level rise. In the following 10 years, from 2005 through 2014, the number of coastal flood days increased to 32, a 300 percent increase. 30 of these coastal flood days can be attributed to climate-linked sea level rise. Figure —Coastal Flood Days, Key West, FIL uoastal flood days DII°Vver� f by sea (vej inlu'e I 'Afc,nuk,J have a:iyvvay 2' 2 . .5,. 1 , 5- 0.] c " uw Source:Climate Central Surging Seas Risk Finder ir'iislh lii m,k, ir,,,ll'iii no , ilrll„sir ) In line with increased coastal flood days,the region is also seeing increasing intensity and duration of King Tides. King tides are predictable phenomenon that generally occur each fall when the alignment of the moon, sun, and Earth create a stronger gravitational pull on the ocean. Like many other coastal events, climate change has made King Tide flooding worse. In the Fall of 2019,the Upper Florida Keys experienced nearly three months of King Tide flooding,particularly in the Blackwaters Sound area.That year,Hurricane Dorian and other tropical storms in late August and early September interrupted the Gulf Stream,causing water to back up.Tides recorded along the Atlantic coast from the Carolinas to Florida were 6 to 18 inches higher than expected. Residents noted that in these low-lying areas with nowhere for water to drain, these events generally lasted seven to ten days in the past. Probability of Future Occurrence The Earth's changing climate will continue to drive nonlinear trends in Sea Level that deviate from historic trends.This is especially pertinent in the coastal communities of South Florida on the frontlines of climate u f::°:u oe C:::tu ri ty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1235� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT change and sea level rise and is the reason behind the South Florida Regional Climate Change Compact's Unified Sea Level Rise Projection.This document was created in unify the diversity of local Sea Level Rise projections in order to create a single, unified projection to ensure consistency in adaptation planning, policy, and infrastructure and siting design in the South Florida region. The first unified projection was developed and released in 2011, updated in 2015, and most recently updated in 2019. Each updated has incorporated new research and data. The 2019 update incorporated the potential for faster rates of melting of the Antarctic Ice Sheet as well as regional sea level rise rates as reported in the Fourth National Climate Assessment. The most recent update begins in the year 2000, as this is the reference year for the most recently published NOAA projections, and uses two planning horizons: 20 years for land use (2040) and 50 years for infrastructure (2070). The projection used the Key West gauge as the reference gauge to maintain consistency with prior projections. The compact used three curves to guide various development across different time frames in the region. Importantly,the projections are regional rather than previously used global projections. The projections are as follows: Short term: by 2040, sea level in the region is projected to rise 10 to 17 inches above 2000 mean sea level. Medium term: by 2070,sea level in the region is projected to rise 21 to 54 inches above 2000 mean sea level. Long term: by 2120,sea level in the region is projected to rise 40 to 136 inches above 2000 mean sea level. These projections are based on three global curves adapted for regional application: the median of the IPCC AR5 RCP 8.5 scenario as the lowest boundary, the NOAA Intermediate High Curve as the upper boundary for short term use (until 2070) and the NOAA High Curve as the upper boundary for medium and long-term use. Figure 4.40 below shows these projections. The IPCC Median Curve and the NOAA Intermediate High curve form the lower and upper bounds, respectively, for short-term use (through 2070).The IPCC median curve represents the most likely average sea level before 2070;sea level is rise is unlikely to exceed the NOAA Intermediate High curve by 2100. The NOAA High curve forms the upper bound for medium- and long-term use. Sea level rise is very unlikely to be higher than this curve before 2100. Probability:3—Likely u f::°:iroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1236; SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure . —Sea Level Rise Projectionsfor Monroe County( - ) I,.. nifliedl Sea V,...evell Rise Irojertuw-i 136 I4k) 120 '1 C.r) 92 2 80 54 1 �x 60 i 40 39 20 21 10 u „ u .20.20 .2040 2060 2.T130 2.1.G`.)G 2.1.20 Year °°°..IPG:C:IPnedan —IPA)AA IIinteirinied'iate IH'i!Ilh .NOA4A high Source:Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact,Unified Sea Level Rise Projection(2019) urn 1 IIee�;illioIin W,�VI lii un;, i,I i�e W,�VI un lii.l.lii�e�,„ II°. The intended use of the Unified Projection is for planning purposes. The projections are to be used by a variety of audiences,including elected officials,urban planners,engineers,and developers,among others, across short- and long-term planning horizons for new projects or adaptation of existing projects, including infrastructure siting and design. The projection is an important complement to a vulnerability assessment in order to inform the user of the potential magnitude and extent of sea level rise now and into the future using various scenarios with associated timelines. In making infrastructure siting decisions, users must consider the nature, value, interconnectedness, and lifespan of existing and proposed infrastructure.The following summarizes the Unified Projection's recommendations for application of the three curves: IPCC Median Curve:The lower bound of the projection; can be applied to most infrastructure projects before 2070 or whose failure would result in limited consequence to others. NOAA Intermediate High Curve: Consider designing to this curve for projects in need of a greater factor of safety; this includes projects with a design life beyond 50 years. NOAA High Curve: Existing and proposed critical infrastructure should be elevated using this curve; projects that are not easily replaceable, have a long design life, and are interdependent with other infrastructure or services are included in this application. Climate Change Sea level rise is a direct result of global climate change. Estimates for sea level rise are based on projected greenhouse gas emission levels and their associated impacts on global temperature change. Most sea level rise models do not fully account for ice melt, and therefore actual sea level rise may be significantly higher than current estimates suggest. As such, these projections contain substantial variability but are nonetheless important to consider when planning for coastal areas because they indicate where flooding can be expected should actual sea level rise meet estimated levels. I f::°:uoe C:::tu rlu ty,i ioruda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1237 x SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Vulnerability Assessment Methodologies and Assumptions Vulnerability to Sea Level Rise was assessed based on past occurrences nationally and internationally as well as data from NOAA,USGS,the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC),and other sources. In addition to the data presented below, the County's Watershed management plan and the Region's Climate Change Compact provide additional information about risks in the region. The draft of the draft of the Florida Keys Coastal Storm Risk Management Feasibility Study done by the United States Army Corps of Engineers for Monroe County provides additional insights into the impacts to people, the built environment, and the natural environment due not only to Sea Level Rise, but associated hazards likely to become more intense,such as coastal storms,storm surge,and erosion,due to climate change and the ensuing sea level rise. People Sea level rise will lead to increased flooding and the associated harms to humans,such as illness, or injury or death from driving into flooded waters and drowning. Property The increased number of flood days and general encroachment of shoreline associated with sea level rise will likely cause property damage,although it is unclear exactly what this will look like. Homes, businesses and vehicles will be susceptible to increased water damage. Homes within the areas that may be inundated will potentially be uninhabitable.Additionally, rising seas, and associated increased flood days, can overwhelm and undermine the effectiveness of stormwater drainage system and other infrastructure, such as roads and bridges.Table 4.68 estimates the number of parcels at risk to various levels of Sea Level Rise. In total,47 percent of all parcels in the County will potentially be affected by 3 feet of sea level rise, and 93 percent of all affected parcels are residential. Table —Parcels AffectedLevel Rise, MonroeCounty and Incorporated Jurisdictions Occupancy Estimated Parcel Parcels Affected by Sea Level Rise Count(total) 1 Ft 2 Ft 3 Ft Islamorada 4,847 32 298 1,461 Commercial 152 4 13 34 Education 5 1 1 1 Government 9 1 2 3 Industrial 13 1 1 2 Religious 9 0 0 3 Residential 4,659 25 281 1 1,418 Key Colony Beach 1,372 0 12 185 Commercial 5 0 0 1 Education 0 0 0 0 Government 4 0 0 1 Industrial 0 0 0 0 Religious 0 0 0 0 Residential 1,363 0 12 183 Key West 7,233 34 1,316 3,773 Commercial 491 6 137 1 300 Education 14 0 4 9 Government 63 0 9 24 M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,I io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1238 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Estimated Parcel Parcels Affected by Sea Level Rise Occupancy Count(total) 1 Ft 2 Ft 3 Ft Industrial 4 0 0 1 Religious 22 2 7 15 Residential 6,639 26 1,159 3,424 Layton 153 1 18 94 Commercial 4 0 1 1 Education 0 0 0 0 Government 4 1 2 2 Industrial 0 0 0 0 Religious 2 0 1 2 Residential 143 0 14 89 Marathon 5,477 65 646 2,502 Commercial 514 12 38 259 Education 14 0 1 5 Government 38 4 5 19 Industrial 43 0 2 15 Religious 22 1 3 8 Residential 4,846 48 597 2,196 Unincorporated Monroe County 22,097 688 4,667 11,398 Commercial 1,299 86 302 546 Education 17 0 4 11 Government 124 11 30 51 Industrial 92 5 16 32 Religious 25 2 9 14 Residential 20,540 584 4,306 10,744 Monroe County Total 41,179 820 6,957 19,413 Commercial 2,465 108 491 1,141 Education 50 1 10 26 Government 242 17 48 100 Industrial 152 6 19 50 Religious 80 5 20 42 Residential 1 38,190 1 683 6,369 18,054 Source:Monroe County Parcel Data,2020 The County's Watershed Management Plan, most recently updated in June 2019, provides a listing of critical facilities likely at risk to Sea Level Rise and potential inundation using Hazus methodology. Sea Level Rise can also create added pressure on the aquifers that serve Monroe County. The Biscayne Aquifer,which provides most of the drinking water for Monroe County is currently experiencing saltwater intrusion. Saltwater intrusion is a product of many factors—including increased usage of the water from the aquifer, which is particularly impacted by the growth of Miami-Dade County, where the aquifer is located, as well as Monroe County as well as seepage from the Turkey Point cooling canals.Sea level rise can further exacerbate this pattern. Further saltwater intrusion into the aquifer will impact the entire Monroe County population as it relies on drinking water from this source. Environment Sea level rise can have numerous negative consequences on the environment including increased erosion and all impacts associated with that.Another concern is the inundation of normally dry land,which could u bruin e Coturu ty,i iol uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT lead to the loss of marshes and wetlands and the positive benefits associated with those areas. These areas buffer against waves and storm surge, protect from erosion and even encourage accretion, and provide natural wildlife habitats. Finally,sea level rise may lead to saltwater intrusion as the groundwater table may also rise, potentially leading to contaminated drinking and agriculture water. Consequence Analysis Table 4.69 summarizes the potential negative consequences of Sea Level Rise. Table —Consequence Analysis—Sea Level Rise Category Consequences Public Sea Level Rise may cause increased flooding which may lead to illness, injury,or death. Additionally, sea level rise may cause psychological stress from loss of home,economy,and culture. Responders Sea Level Rise induced flooding may cause increased burden on responders. Continuity of Operations As sea levels rise and cause more regular, chronic flooding, continuity of (including Continued operations, such as delivery of services may be interrupted due to localized Delivery of Services) disruption of roads,facilities,and/or utilities. Property,Facilities and Sea level rise can cause damage to property as flooding becomes more regular in Infrastructure the short term and as sea levels continue to rise in the long term. SLR can also compromise infrastructure such as drainage systems and roads. Environment Sea level rise can lead to increased erosion,salt water intrusion,and inundation of wetlands and previous dry land. Economic Condition of the Sea level rise can severely disrupt the economy,particularly in a region that relies Jurisdiction so heavily on tourism. Public Confidence in the Sea level rise is unlikely to impact public confidence. Jurisdiction's Governance Associated Hazards Natural hazards are, more often than not, interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to, or be spurred by,another hazard—sometimes referred to as cascading disasters.Sea Level Rise may be associated with: Tropical Cyclones,Storm Surge, Flood, and Coastal Erosion. Changes in Development New development at a local scale will not necessarily impact the rate of sea level rise. Increased development in potentially inundated areas, however, will increase vulnerability. Future development plans guiding future development must consider Sea Level Rise and areas of the county that will be inundated by SLR. Problem Statement Residential property is most likely to be affected by Sea Level Rise,which has implications on a local economy—both permanent and season residential units may no longer be livable. Education and outreach programs could increase residential and property owner buy-in on and implementation of mitigation options on an individual property scale. Various reports on Sea Level Rise in the region exist—mitigation strategies should consider all reports; specifically detailing Critical Facilities at risk to Sea Level Rise using a standard prediction would clarify mitigation strategies chosen to respond to this hazard. Key West, Marathon, Layton, and Unincorporated Monroe County will have the most parcels impacted by 2 feet of Sea Level Rise. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Hazard Summary by Jurisdiction The following table summarizes sea level rise risk by jurisdiction.The coastal, low-lying geography of the region mean all jurisdictions face at least some risk from sea level rise. Impacts vary based on the number of parcels at risk to sea level rise - more developed jurisdictions are likely to see larger impacts. Spatial extent was varied by jurisdiction depending on the area exposed to sea level rise impacts. Jurisdiction Probability Impact Spatial Extent Warning Time Duration Score Priority Key Colony Beach 3 2 2 1 4 2.4 M Key West 3 3 4 1 4 3.1 H Layton 3 3 3 1 4 2.9 H Marathon 3 3 4 1 4 3.1 H Islamorada 3 2 3 1 4 2.6 H Unincorporated 3 3 4 1 4 3.1 H Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 �� 1241 � SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT 4.5.10 Radiological Incident Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Radiological Incident Unlikely Critical Moderate Less than 6 hours More than 1 week Hazard Description A radiological incident is an occurrence resulting in the release of radiological material at a fixed facility (such as power plants, hospitals, laboratories,etc.) or in transit. Radiological incidents related to transportation are described as an incident resulting in a release of radioactive material during transportation. Transportation of radioactive materials through Florida over the interstate highway system is considered a radiological hazard. The transportation of radioactive material by any means of transport is licensed and regulated by the federal government. As a rule,there are two categories of radioactive materials that are shipped over the interstate highways: Low level waste consists primarily of materials that have been contaminated by low level radioactive substances but pose no serious threat except through long-term exposure. These materials are shipped in sealed drums within placarded trailers. The danger to the public is no more than a wide array of other hazardous materials. High level waste, usually in the form of spent fuel from nuclear power plants, is transported in specially constructed casks that are built to withstand a direct hit from a locomotive. Radiological emergencies at nuclear power plants are divided into classifications. Table 4.70 shows these classifications, as well as descriptions of each. Table . —Radiological Emergency Classifications Emergency Classification Description Notification of Unusual Events are in progress or have occurred which indicate a potential degradation of Event(NOUE) the level of safety of the plant or indicate a security threat to facility protection has been initiated. No releases of radioactive material requiring offsite response or monitoring are expected unless further degradation of safety systems occurs. Alert Events are in progress or have occurred which involve an actual or potential substantial degradation of the level of safety of the plant or a security event that involves probable life-threatening risk to site personnel or damage to site equipment because of hostile action.Any releases are expected to be limited to small fractions of the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) Protective Action Guides(PAGs) Site Area Emergency Events are in progress or have occurred which involve actual or likely major failures (SAE) of plant functions needed for protection of the public or hostile action that results in intentional damage or malicious acts; 1) toward site personnel or equipment that could lead to the likely failure of or; 2)that prevent effective access to,equipment needed for the protection of the public. Any releases are not expected to result in exposure levels which exceed EPA PAG exposure levels beyond the site boundary. General Emergency Events are in progress or have occurred which involve actual or imminent substantial core degradation or melting with potential for loss of containment integrity or hostile action that results in an actual loss of physical control of the facility. Releases can be reasonably expected to exceed EPA PAG exposure levels offsite for more than the immediate site area. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Warning Time:4—Less than 6 hours Duration:4—More than one week Location Turkey Point Nuclear Generating Station, located in the south of Miami-Dade County and northeast of the planning area, is a twin reactor nuclear power station. It has three currently operating units including two 802-megawatt units (units 3 and 4) and one 1,150-megawatt unit (unit 5). There are two retired 404- megawatt units(units 1 and 2)still on-site. Commercial operation began in 1967 and the most recent unit was completed in 2007. Units 3 and 4 are pressurized water reactors and unit 5 is a combined-cycle gas- fired unit. As the sixth largest power plant in the United States and third largest in Florida, it serves all of southern Florida. The plant is operated with a very high level of security. This is the location from which the most catastrophic nuclear accident might occur and will be the focal point of the nuclear analysis in this plan. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission defines two emergency planning zones around nuclear plants: Emergency Planning Zone(EPZ)—The EPZ is a 10-mile radius around nuclear facilities. It is also known as the Plume Exposure Pathway.Areas located within this zone are at highest risk of exposure to or inhalation of radioactive materials.Within this zone,the primary concern is exposure to and inhalation of radioactive contamination. Predetermined action plans within the EPZ are designed to avoid or reduce dose from such exposure.This is the designated evacuation radius recommended by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and residents within this zone would be expected to evacuate in the event of an emergency. Other actions such as sheltering and the use of potassium-iodide must be taken to avoid or reduce exposure in the event of a nuclear incident. Ingestion Pathway Zone(IPZ)—The IPZ is delineated by a 50-mile radius around nuclear facilities as defined by the federal government.Also known as the Ingestion Exposure Pathway, the IPZ has been designated to mitigate contamination in the human food chain resulting from a radiological accident at a nuclear power facility. Contamination to fresh produce,water supplies, and other food produce may occur when radionuclides are deposited on surfaces. Figure 4.41 shows the location of Turkey Point Nuclear Generating Station and the approximate 10-mile Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) buffer and 50-mile Ingestion Pathway Zone (IPZ) around the plant. The northeastern-most tip of the Florida Keys,just north of Key Largo, falls within the 10-mile EPZ. Much of mainland Monroe and the Keys north of Islamorada fall within the IPZ. Spatial Extent: 2—Small M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1243 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Figure . —Turkey Point Nuclear Generating StationLocation in Relationo Planning Area J Broward Collier f i " a � Miami-Dade II Monroe �+, tit f ,y, '�`^v, ,✓�+"'�� rt � w ti Islamorada ti Marathon Layton r t r Key Colon / Beach Key West s., 0 8 15 24 32 Legend N Miles (6 Turkey Point Nuclear Municipalities Map Created By:LAW Plume Exposure Pathway(EPZ) c irk Monroe county WoOd Date Created:6/1 P/2�0i20 $ouroe5.ESI'i,fENbFk,IVX��troP c�u��ty r2 u, Ee, Ingestion Exposure Pathway(IPZ) �counties Infarmauon Administration Source:U.S.Energy Information Administration Q tti°ii t e C97a ii� ity,,1 or V+da Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 0& RISK ASSESSMENT Extent The International Atomic Energy Association (IAEA) developed the International Nuclear and Radiological Event Scale to quantify the magnitude of radiological events. This scale is logarithmic, meaning each increasing level represents a 10-fold increase in severity compared to the previous level. Amajor Accident us Accident CU Accident With Wider Consequei th Local Consequences Incident ident Anomaly Deviation Source:International Atomic Energy Association Impact: 3—Critical Historical Occurrences May8,1974—During a routine test, it was discovered that two of the three Emergency Feedwater pumps which served unit 3 failed due 1m overtightened packing. The third pump also failed but was caused bya malfunction in the turbine. These failures, had they not been found and corrected, could have led 1oa nuclear disaster if other failures had occurred simultaneously. August 24, 1992—Category 5 Hurricane Andrew hit Turkey Point causing damage to many systems. The fire protection systems were partly disabled, two raw water tanks were destroyed, a third was drained, and the smokestack on unit 1 cracked. Offsi1e power was lost so onsi1e generators had to be operated for numerous days. February 26, 2008 — The loss of offsite power prompted both reactors to shut down which lead to a widespread power outage affecting 700,000 customers and a total of 2.5 million people. The originating event was an overheated voltage switch that caught fire in a substation 23 miles away from Turkey Point. Power was restored within 5 hours of the blackout. Large commercial locations such as VVa|1 Disney World, Orlando International Airport,and Miami International Airport were affected. March 18, 2017—An electrical fault happened in unit 3 causing the loss of a safety system and a reactor trip. This fault caused an arc flash which minorly burned one plant worker. All other safety systems were operational so there was no threat 10 the community mrenvironment. fkftr�nmeCot�r�ty,1�1.orUda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT August 17-20, 2020—Turkey Point experienced three unplanned nuclear reactor shutdowns. On August 17th,plant operators manually shutdown the reactor as a response to rising steam generator water levels. On August 19th, an instrument sensed higher-than-expected neutron activity in the reactor core, causing the plant's protection system to automatically shut down the reactor during startup. On August 20th, a reactor was once again manually shut down after the loss of a steam generator feed water pump.These three shutdowns in a short time frame prompted a Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) inspection. Probability of Future Occurrence Radiological hazards are highly unpredictable. Nuclear reactors present the possibility of catastrophic damages,yet the industry is highly regulated and historical precedence suggests an incident is unlikely. Probability: 1—Unlikely Climate Change While climate change is not projected to have any direct impact on a potential nuclear power plant incident, the low-lying coastal location of the Turkey Point Nuclear Generating Station in Miami-Dade County means this plant is particularly susceptible to the impacts of sea level rise and increased storm surge. Recently, the plant won federal approval to continue operating through at least 2053. By the end of the plant's current license, Miami-Dade is planning for just under 2 feet of SLR while Turkey Point is planning for 0.5 to just over 1 foot of Sea Level Rise.The threat of increasing incidences of flood and higher storm surges could increase the likelihood of an event at Turkey Point. Vulnerability Assessment People People within the 10-mile EPZ are at risk of direct exposure to radioactive material. People within the 50- mile EPZ are at risk of exposure through ingestion of contaminated food and water.Low levels of radiation are not considered harmful, but a high exposure to radiation can cause serious illness or death. Beyond those in the EPZ and IPZ,the entirety of Monroe County is potentially at risk because of operations at the Turkey Point Nuclear Generating Station.Turkey Point relies on a one-of-its-kind 5,900-acre cooling canal system—rather than the more commonly used cooling towers. Millions of gallons of saltwater have seeped from these canals into the Biscayne aquifer beneath the canals; an underground saltwater plume has spread more than 10.6 miles inland.As the majority of Monroe County's drinking water is supplied by the Biscayne Aquifer, continued, unresolved saltwater intrusion threatens the health of all residents. Property A radiological incident could cause severe damage to the power station itself but would not cause direct property damage outside the station, especially with the distance between the reactor and the planning area. However, property values could drop substantially if a radiological incident resulted in contamination of nearby areas. Environment A radiological incident could result in the spread of radioactive material into the environment,which could contaminate water and food sources and harm animal and plant life. These impacts are lessened the further an area is to the plant site. Consequence Analysis Table 4.71 summarizes the potential detrimental consequences of radiological incident. M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1246;� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Table . —Consequence Analysis—Radiological Incident Category Consequences Public High levels of radiation could cause serious illness or death.Those living and working closest to the nuclear plant would face the greatest risk of exposure. Responders Responders face potential for heightened exposure to radiation,which could cause severe chronic illness and death. Continuity of Operations An incident at the nuclear plant could interrupt power generation and cause (including Continued power shortages. Regular operations would likely be affected by the response Delivery of Services) effort an event would require. Property,Facilities and The plant itself could be damaged by a radiological incident. Nearby property and Infrastructure facilities could be affected by contamination. Environment Water supplies,food crops,and livestock within 50 miles of the nuclear plant could be contaminated by radioactive material in the event of a major incident. Economic Condition of the The local economy could be affected if a radiological incident caused Jurisdiction contamination of nearby areas. Property values and economic activity could decline as a result. Public Confidence in the A radiological incident would likely cause severe loss of public confidence given Jurisdiction's Governance that the hazard is human-caused and highly regulated. Public confidence can also be affected by false alarms. Associated Hazards Natural hazards are, more often than not, interconnected. Any given hazard may lead to, or be spurred by, another hazard —sometimes referred to as cascading disasters. Radiological Incidents, although not natural, may be associated with certain natural hazards: Flood,Tropical Cyclone,Tornado,Sea Level Rise, and Tornado. Problem Statement Northeastern Monroe County is most at risk to the impacts of a radiological incident at the Turkey Point Nuclear Facility. An effective education and outreach program about the impacts of radiation within the EPZ would help reduce vulnerability to those living within this zone. The Villages of Islamorada and areas north in Unincorporated Monroe County are within the Ingestion Pathway Zone, meaning food grown in this area or water will be impacted in the event of a nuclear emergency. Community members here are only at risk if they ingest impacted food/drinks and should be educated as such. The continued utilization of cooling canals at Turkey Point threatens further saltwater intrusion into the Biscayne Aquifer and in turn threatens the predominant drinking water source for the entire county. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1247 x SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT 4.5.11 Cyber Attack Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Cyber Attack Possible Limited Small Less than 6 hrs More than 1 week Hazard Description The State of Florida Hazard Mitigation Plan defines a cyber incident as "an incident involving computers, networks, and information or services that affect daily operations of critical infrastructure," noting that a Cyber Incident can be either malicious or stem from a system glitch or human error.The SHMP defines a cyber attack,then, as a cyber incident with malicious intent. Cyber-attacks use malicious code to alter computer operations or data. The vulnerability of computer systems to attacks is a growing concern as people and institutions become more dependent upon networked technologies. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) reports that "cyber intrusions are becoming more commonplace, more dangerous, and more sophisticated," with implications for private- and public-sector networks. There are many types of cyber-attacks. Among the most common is a direct denial of service, or DDoS attack. This is when a server or website will be queried or pinged rapidly with information requests, overloading the system and causing it to crash. Malware, or malicious software, can cause numerous problems once on a computer or network, from taking control of users' machines to discreetly sending out confidential information. Ransomware is a specific type of malware that blocks access to digital files and demands a payment to release them. Hospitals, school districts,state and local governments, law enforcement agencies, businesses, and even individuals can be targeted by ransomware. Cyber spying or espionage is the act of illicitly obtaining intellectual property, government secrets, or other confidential digital information, and often is associated with attacks carried out by professional agents working on behalf of a foreign government or corporation. According to cybersecurity firm Symantec, in 2016 "...the world of cyber espionage experienced a notable shift towards more overt activity, designed to destabilize and disrupt targeted organizations and countries." Major data breaches -when hackers gain access to large amounts of personal, sensitive, or confidential information - have become increasingly common. The Symantec report says more than seven billion identities have been exposed in data breaches over the last eight years. In addition to networked systems, data breaches can occur due to the mishandling of external drives, as has been the case with losses of some state employee data. Cyber crime can refer to any of the above incidents when motivated primarily by financial gain or other criminal intent. The most severe type of attack is cyber terrorism, which aims to disrupt or damage systems in order to cause fear, injury,and loss to advance a political agenda. The State of Florida has several cyber security mechanisms. The Florida Computer Crime Center (FC3) conducts cyber investigations, training, research, and prevention, and developed the Florida Infrastructure Protection Center (FIPC). The FIPC was developed to anticipate, prevent, react to, and recover from acts of terrorism, sabotage, and cyber crim. One component of the FIPC is the Computer Incident Response Team(CIRT)which is on-call to respond to critical cyber incidents in Florida.The Agency for State Technology developed a Statewide Strategic Information Technology Security Plan to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the state's IT resources. FDEM also has a Cyber Incident Plan. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1248�� SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Warning Time: 4—Less than six hours Duration:4—More than one week Location Cyber disruption events can occur and/or impact virtually any location in the state where computing devices are used. Incidents may involve a single location or multiple geographic areas. A disruption can have far-reaching effects beyond the location of the targeted system; disruptions that occur far outside the County can still impact people, businesses,and institutions within the County. Spatial Extent: 2—Small Extent The extent or magnitude/severity of a cyber disruption event is variable depending on the nature of the event. A disruption affecting a small, isolated system could impact only a few functions/processes. Disruptions of large, integrated systems could impact many functions/processes, as well as many individuals that rely on those systems. There is no universally accepted scale to quantify the severity of cyber-attacks. The strength of a DDoS attack is sometimes explained in terms of a data transmission rate. One of the largest DDoS disruptions ever, which brought down some of the internet's most popular sites on October 21, 2016, peaked at 1.2 terabytes per second. Data breaches are often described in terms of the number of records or identities exposed. The Florida State Hazard Mitigation Plan defines three levels of cyber-attacks: Unstructured: attacks with little to no organization and no significant funding.Such attacks are usually carried out by amateurs using pre-made tools to attack well known system flaws.These attacks are most common, but are also easily spotted by network security Structured: attacks with more organization and planning and decent financial backing.These attacks have specific targets and intend to disrupt operations to a specific organization or sector.The impacts might range from minimal to significant. Highly Structured: attacks involve extensive organization, planning, and funding.Attackers conduct reconnaissance and use multiple attacks to achieve their goals. Impact: 2—Limited Historical Occurrences Symantec reports there were a total of 1,209 data breaches worldwide in 2016, 15 of which involved the theft of more than 10 million identities. While the number of breaches has remained relatively steady, the average number of identities stolen has increased to almost one million per incident.The report also found that one in every 131 emails contains malware, and the company's software blocked an average of 229,000 web attacks every day. The Privacy Rights Clearinghouse, a nonprofit organization based in San Diego, maintains a timeline of 2,533 data breaches resulting from computer hacking incidents in the United States from 2005-2019.The database lists 105 data breaches in Florida,totaling over 10.3 million impacted records.Although none of these reported hacks were recorded in the planning area, residents of the county were almost certainly included in some of the breaches that occurred across the state. SecuLore also provides its own database of Cyber Attacks across the country via local media outlets, broken down by state and infrastructure affected. Monroe County has seen the following three attacks: M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT September 2018 (Education): The Monroe County School District was forced to shut down its computer system for almost a week due to a cyber attack. The incident was first noticed by an employee who contacted the IT department. The event was eventually escalated to the District's internet security provider who advised securing and shutting down the entire system.The culprit was a ransomware called "GandCrab." No data was threatened and no demands for ransom were actually made,as the district had appropriately backed up its data. In order to reopen the system, the District had to rebuild each server individually.The system was first up and running again after three days, but had to be shut down only an hour later. It was then slowly restarted, but was delayed due to a cable and internet outage. May through November 2018 (Education): The Florida Keys Community College (FKCC) reported of suspicious activity, potentially phishing, on an employee's email account. An investigation into this suspicious activity revealed an unknown individual had access certain college employees'email accounts. The press release noted that some combination of name, address, date of birth, social security number, passport information, medical information, usernames, and passwords may have been accessible to the hackers. In response, the college notified potentially impacted employees and individuals, and offered those individuals 12 months of free identity protection services. FKCC also implemented increased security measures for account access such as multi-factor authentication. March 2020 (Local Government): Beginning in March of 2020, a software attack crippled the City of Marathon's communication system,including email,internet,and broadcast capabilities.The system was ransomed, and the attack and subsequent recovery took over 4 months.The City had to update and de- encrypt most computers.Costs associated include insurance policies,specialist and IT assistance,and time costs of systems being down. August through September 2020 (Local Government): For the two weeks between August 281h through September 161h,2020,the computers in the Key West City Hall were inaccessible due to a suspected virus. These impacts also impacted the Key West Police Department.The networks at City Hall were shutdown voluntarily when the virus was initially discovered to allow IT workers to identify the problem and rebuild the servers. During this week, police officers were writing police reports on paper—with a backlog to be uploaded when the servers returned.Additionally,any requests for existing reports were difficult to fulfil because the reports would have to physically be located in the building. Community members could still pay parking tickets and apply for building permits, but this could not be done online and had to be done by mail or in person. Probability of Future Occurrence Cyber attacks occur daily, but most have negligible impacts at the local or county level.The possibility of a larger disruption affecting systems within the county is a constant threat, but it is difficult to quantify the exact probability due to such highly variable factors as the type of attack and intent of the attacker. Minor attacks against business and government systems have become a commonplace occurrence but are usually stopped with minimal impact. Similarly, data breaches impacting the information of residents of Monroe County are almost certain to happen in coming years. Major attacks or breaches specifically targeting systems in the county are less likely but cannot be ruled out. Probability:2—Possible Vulnerability Assessment As discussed above,the impacts from a cyber attack vary greatly depending on the nature, severity, and success of the attack. M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Methodologies and Assumptions Vulnerability to cyber attacks was assessed based on past occurrences nationally and internationally as well as publicly available information on these vulnerabilities, as well as attacks occurring in the region. People Cyber-attacks can have a significant cumulative economic impact.Symantec reports that in the last three years, businesses have lost$3 billion due to spear-phishing email scams alone. A major cyber-attack has the potential to undermine public confidence and build doubt in their government's ability to protect them from harm. Injuries or fatalities from cyber attacks would generally only be possible from a major cyber terrorist attack against critical infrastructure. Property Short of a major cyber terrorist attacks against critical infrastructure, property damage from cyber attacks is typically limited to computer systems. Environment A major cyber terrorism attack could potentially impact the environment by triggering a release of a hazardous materials, or by causing an accident involving hazardous materials by disrupting traffic-control devices. Consequence Analysis Table 4.72 summarizes the potential consequences of a cyber threat. Table 4.72—Consequence Analysis—Cyber Threat Category Consequences Public Cyber attacks can impact personal data and accounts. Injuries or fatalities could potentially result from a major cyber terrorist attacks against critical infrastructure. Responders Cyber attacks can impact personal data and accounts. Injuries or fatalities could potentially result from a major cyber terrorist attacks against critical infrastructure. Continuity of Operations Agencies that rely on electronic backup of critical files are vulnerable.The delivery (including Continued of services can be impacted since governments rely, to a great extent, upon Delivery of Services) electronic delivery of services. Property,Facilities and Rare. Most attacks affect only data and computer systems.Sabotage of utilities and Infrastructure infrastructure from a major cyber terrorist attacks could potentially result in system failures that damage property on a scale equal with natural disasters. Facilities and infrastructure may become unusable as a result of a cyber-attack. Environment Rare.A major attack could theoretically result in a hazardous materials release. Economic Condition of Could greatly affect the economy. In an electronic-based commerce society, any the Jurisdiction disruption to daily activities can have disastrous impacts to the economy. It is difficult to measure the true extent of the impact. Public Confidence in the The government's inability to protect critical systems or confidential personal data Jurisdiction's Governance could impact public confidence. An attack could raise questions regarding the security of using electronic systems for government services. Changes in Development Cyber attacks generally impact critical systems and rarely result in direct impacts to the built environment. Therefore,vulnerability to cyber attack will not change significantly as a result of development.Similarly, the risk of cyber attack is not expected to be affected by changes in development. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1251 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Problem Statement Cyber attacks frequently result from phishing scams.Training on cyber security can serve as a prevention method. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1252 � SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT uu luau uuu uiuu ui iui iiii�«<of iui uuu uu uuu iiU uii alai uiuu iu iui uu ul uu iuiUUU iui uuiUi uiuul uuuU ui uuU iui u I I ail �� i l l i�il I i�i� li ii UI a li I Ui I lU I I 11 1 11 I I I I 11 .i1 I 1 I I 1 I I I 1 I I III I I I i IIIIIIVutlPuu��luuuo�� Illluuuu�lluuuiuo�llui�lllluuillluuuio�luuuullluuuioi�lluuuu�ui Illuuuiuo�l'uu�Illuu�luuuo�Il�Illuuuio��uu�Illuu�IIIIIIuu�IlYuuiui�llluuluuuuuuu�lllillliuillluuuuuuil�����uidllluiuidluiiiui�uullluu��lllllllllllllllll) Priority Risk Index As discussed in Section 4.2, the Priority Risk Index was used to rate each hazard on a set of risk criteria and determine an overall standardized score for each hazard. The conclusions drawn from this process are summarized below. Table 4.73 summarizes the degree of risk assigned to each identified hazard using the PRI method. Table . —Summary of PRI Results Hazard Probability Impact Spatial Warning Time Duration PRI Extent Score Natural Hazards Flood Highly Likely Critical Large 6 to 12 hours Less than 1 week Tropical Cyclones Likely Catastrophic Large More than 24 hrs Less than 1 week Severe Storms'(Thunderstorm) Highly Likely Limited Large Less than 6 hrs Less than 6 hrs Severe Storms'(Lightning) Highly Likely Minor Negligible Less than 6 hrs Less than 6 hrs Severe Storms'(Hail) Highly Likely Minor Small Less than 6 hrs Less than 6 hrs Tornado&Waterspout(Tornado)' Highly y hl Likely Critical Small Less than 6 hrs Less than 6 hrs Tornado&Waterspout Highly Likely Minor Small 6 to 12 hrs Less than 6 hrs (Waterspout)2 g y y Wildfire Likely Limited Small Less than 6 hrs Less than 1 week Coastal Erosion Likely Limited Moderate More than 24 hrs Less than 1 week Drought Likely Minor Large More than 24 hrs More than 1 week Extreme Heat Likely Limited Large More than 24 hrs Less than 1 week Sea Level Rise and other Climate Change Likely Critical Large More than 24 hrs More than 1 week Characteristics Technological and Human-Caused Hazards&Threats Radiological Incident Unlikely Critical Moderate Less than 6 hours More than 1 week Cyber Attack Possible Limited Small Less than 6 hrs More than 1 week 'Severe Storms hazards average to a score of 2.6 and are therefore considered together as a moderate-risk hazard. 'Tornado and Waterspout average to a score of 2.7 and are therefore considered together as a moderate-risk hazard. The results from the PRI have been classified into three categories based on the assigned risk value which are summarized in Table 4.74: High Risk—Widespread potential impact. This ranking carries a high threat to the general population and/or built environment. The potential for damage is widespread. Moderate Risk—Moderate potential impact. This ranking carries a moderate threat level to the general population and/or built environment. Here the potential damage is more isolated and less costly than a more widespread disaster. Low Risk—Minimal potential impact. The occurrence and potential cost of damage to life and property is minimal.This is not a priority hazard. C:::tu ri ty,110 lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1253 SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT Table . —Summary of HazardiClassification Flood Tropical Cyclones Sea Level Rise Tornado&Waterspout Extreme Heat Severe Storms(Thunderstorm, Lightning, Hail) ME Wildfire Coastal Erosion Drought Radiologic Incident Cyber Attack Low Risk (<2.0) none Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1214; SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT uu uiuiiui iuuiui iuuuu uuuu uuu uuuu uuuui uu uu iiuu uuuui iiiiii I � :I I� ui II li �i�I I LI V 1 II I �IIlIi b u„ IIIIIIVudPuu�l`uiJllllllllllllllllllllllllllllluu�lluiuuuuu�iui�llll�uuuuii�ui�lluiuuuuu�iui�llluu�luuuuo�luuuuuluuuu�lllllllll Brink, Uri ten; David Twichell; Patrick Lynett; Eric Geist;Jason Chaytor; Homa Lee; Brian Buczkowski; and Claudia Flores. Regional Assessment of Tsunami Potential in the Gulf of Mexico: U.S.Geological Survey Administrative Report. National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program. 2009. Climate Central Surging Seas Risk Finder,Accessed July 2020 FEMA Disaster Declarations Summary, updated January 2020. FEMA Mitigation Ideas:A Resource for Reducing Risk to Natural Hazards.2013. FEMA. Monroe County and Incorporated Areas Flood Insurance Study. Revised May 16, 2012. FEMA. Community Information System, 2019. FEMA, ISO. Monroe County Repetitive Loss Data.August 2020. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Water Resource Management. Critically Eroded Beaches in Florida. Updated July 2019.Accessed July 2020. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Office of Resilience and Coastal Protection. Strategic Beach Management Plan: Florida Keys Region.April 2020.Accessed July 2020. Florida Department of Transportation. Florida Bridge Inventory, 2019. IPCC, 2007. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (Solomon,S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K. B. Averyt, M.Tignor, and H. L. A-2 EC 1165-2-212 1 Oct 11 Miller,eds.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. IPCC, 2014. Climate Change 2014: Impacts,Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. IPCC, 2018: Global warming of 1.5°C. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty [V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, H. 0. P6rtner, D. Roberts, J. Skea, P.R.Shukla,A. Pirani,W. Moufouma-Okia, C. Pean, R. Pidcock, S. Connors,J. B. R. Matthews,Y.Chen,X.Zhou, M. I. Gomis, E. Lonnoy,T. Maycock, M.Tignor,T.Waterfield (eds.)]. In Press. James B. Elsner,Svetoslava C. Elsner,and Thomas H.Jagger. The increasing efficiency of tornadoes in the United States. Climate Dynamics/vol.45 issue 3-4, pp 651-659. Mazzei,Patricia.82 Days Underwater:The Tide is High but They're Holding On. November 24,2019. New York Times. Ihs: www,ulius,cou 2.011..9 11..11.. 2. s 'llou°uda ll� s llloodliu l�uulid ,ll1ull i..............//.............................................Y................................................................/............................../............... .............../............../.............................................................Y.......................................................g.......................g.............................................................. Mentaschi,L.et al.Global long-term observations of coastal erosion and accretion.August 27,2018. Scientific Reports. https:Hdoi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30904-w Monroe County local GIS data (parcels, LOMCs, critical facilities).2020. Monroe County Emergency Management Department. Monroe County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan. Updated April 2017.Accessed July 2020. National Climate Assessment, 2014. National Drought Mitigation Center, Drought Impact Reporter. National Integrated Drought Information System, U.S. Drought Portal. National Weather Service. NOAA, Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP). https://coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/data/ccapregional.htmi NOAA, National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database. NOAA, National Hurricane Center. NOAA, Office of Coastal Management. NOAA,Tides and Currents Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1255, SECTION 4: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION& RISK ASSESSMENT North Carolina State Climate Office. Climate Tools. Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact. Unified Sea Level Rise Projection. Updated 2019.Accessed July 2020. Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment, 2020. State of Florida. Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan. 2018. U.S. Census Bureau.American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates. U.S.Department of Agriculture,Risk Management Agency,Cause of Loss Historical Data Files,2007- 2018. U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration. U.S. Drought Monitor. December 31,2019. U.S. Energy Information Administration U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxic Release Inventory. U.S. Forest Service,Wildland Fire Assessment System. U.S. Geological Survey Coastal Change Hazards Portal. U.S. Global Change Research Program, 2016: The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States:A Scientific Assessment. http://dx.doi.org/10.7930/JOR49NQX USGCRP, 2017: Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I [Wuebbles, D.J., D.W. Fahey, K.A. Hibbard, D.J. Dokken, B.C.Stewart, and T.K. Maycock(eds.)]. U.S. Global Change Research Program,Washington, DC, USA,470 pp., doi: 10.7930/JOJ964J6. VAISALA, National Lightning Detection Network. Nftrtiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1256; SECTION 5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ This section discusses the capability of Monroe County to implement hazard mitigation activities. It consists of the following four subsections: 5.1 Overview 5.2 Conducting the Capability Assessment 5.3 Capability Assessment Findings 5.4 Conclusions on Local Capability uuuu ui uiuu Iiu uluuuiuluiuui ui iuuluuuuiliii Iui ui i i u IiI I i I I I I u I I lU tI � I u , Illlllloi"li�llllllllll�lllllll Il�uuuuo���lluuuuuuuu�ui�lluullllluuiuu�luuuuu���uuu�uui������������������������������� The purpose of conducting a capability assessment is to determine the ability of a local jurisdiction to implement a comprehensive mitigation strategy, and to identify potential opportunities for establishing or enhancing specific mitigation policies,programs,or projects. As in any planning process,it is important to try to establish which goals, objectives, and actions are feasible, based on an understanding of the organizational capacity of those agencies or departments tasked with their implementation. A capability assessment helps to determine which mitigation actions are practical and likely to be implemented over time given a local government's planning and regulatory framework, level of administrative and technical support, amount of fiscal resources, and current political climate. The capability assessment completed for the Monroe County planning area serves as a critical planning step toward developing an effective mitigation strategy. Coupled with the risk assessment,the capability assessment helps identify and target effective goals, objectives, and mitigation actions that are realistically achievable under given local conditions. To facilitate the inventory and analysis of local government capabilities within the planning area, a detailed Local Data Collection Guide survey was distributed to members of the LMSWG after the first planning committee meeting. The survey requested information on a variety of "capability indicators" such as existing local plans,policies,programs,or ordinances that contribute to and/or hinder the region's ability to implement hazard mitigation actions. Other indicators included information related to the County's fiscal, administrative,and technical capabilities,such as access to local budgetary and personnel resources for mitigation purposes. Communities were also asked to comment on the current political climate with respect to hazard mitigation, an important consideration for any local planning or decision- making process. At a minimum,the survey results provide an extensive and consolidated inventory of existing local plans, ordinances, programs, authorities, and resources in place or under development. With this information, inferences can be made about the overall effect on hazard loss reduction in each community. uuuuii uuui »lull uui Iiuui uu uiuuli ui ui uuluiiiuuiuuil«< iiiiii uui Iuiu uuuiul uui uuu Iuii Iiiiiuuiuiii ui uuuuuiuuil uuuui uu uuluiuuu uu ui uu uuuli uuii I Iu lu I IIu! I II ul I I� I �>v i U 1 tI I �1 A I II `I � �� ^ ^ I II I k I I I , IIIIIIIIII 1111111111111111111111111IOIIIIIIII�III IIII10111111111111111111111111111111111111ill iH'IIII IIIV�IIIIIIIVV9111Id IVIIV i11111�IIII�IIII III IIIII IIIIIII IIIIIII III IIIIII IIIIOI IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIO IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII The findings of the capability assessment are summarized in this plan to provide insight into the relevant capacity of Monroe County and its incorporated municipalities to implement hazard mitigation activities. Information is based upon input provided by community representatives on the LMSWG through a local capability self-assessment as well as research conducted by the planning consultant. Some jurisdiction representatives did not provide capability information for their communities; in these cases, information was based on research and on the existing Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1257 x SECTION 5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT 5.2.1 Planning and Regulatory Capability Planning and regulatory capability is based on the implementation of plans, ordinances, and programs that demonstrate a local jurisdiction's commitment to guiding and managing growth, development, and redevelopment in a responsible manner, while maintaining the general welfare of the community. It includes emergency response and mitigation planning, comprehensive land use planning, and transportation planning. Regulatory capability also includes the enforcement of zoning or subdivision ordinances and building codes that regulate how land is developed and structures are built, as well as protecting environmental,historic,and cultural resources in the community. Although some conflicts can arise,these planning initiatives generally present significant opportunities to integrate hazard mitigation principles and practices into the local decision-making process. This assessment is designed to provide a general overview of the key planning and regulatory tools or programs in place or under development for the Monroe County planning area,along with their potential effect on loss reduction.This information will help identify opportunities to address gaps,weaknesses,or conflicts with other initiatives and integrate the implementation of this plan with existing planning mechanisms where appropriate. Table 5.1 provides a summary of the relevant local plans, ordinances, and programs already in place or under development for the Monroe County planning area. A checkmark(✓) indicates that the given item is currently in place and being implemented.A plus sign (+) indicates that a jurisdiction is covered for that item under a county-implemented version. Each of these local plans,ordinances,and programs should be considered available mechanisms for incorporating the requirements of the Local Mitigation Strategy. Table . —Relevant Plans,Ordinances,and Programs 0 s A LO O N T O O U 3 0 > O to y Y Y 0 0 0 0 E O +T. Zr +T. Z Plan/Ordinance Local Mitigation Strategy ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Comprehensive Plan ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Land Use Plan ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Zoning Ordinance ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Subdivision Ordinance ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Floodplain Ordinance ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Erosion,Sedimentation,and Pollution Control ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ordinance Other Special Purpose Ordinance(stormwater, ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ growth management,wildfire) Building Code ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Fire department ISO Rating 3 3 1 3 2 Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule Rating 4/4 5+ 4 3 3/3 4/3 Stormwater Management Program ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Site Plan Review Requirements ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1258�� SECTION 5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT 0 s � V N N LO 0 T N T 0 0 3 U 3 0 > U d d 0 0 0 0 E 0 ,+T. Zr ,+T. ,Z Capital Improvements Plan ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Economic Development Plan ✓ Local Emergency Operations Plan ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Flood Insurance Study or Other Engineering Study for ✓ + + + + + Streams Other Special Plans ✓ ✓ ✓ Elevation Certificates ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Note:✓=item is currently in place and being implemented;+=jurisdiction is cover under county-implemented version Other plans available within the communities include: transportation plans (Monroe County), repetitive loss area analysis (Monroe County), Stormwater Management Master Plan (Monroe County), Sea Level Rise Study(Monroe County),Sustainability and Climate Plan(City of Marathon),Historic Preservation Plan (City of Marathon), among others. Other special purpose ordinances in place within the County and incorporate jurisdictions include: Emergency Management and Emergency Services, Environment/Natural Resources Protection, Fire Prevention and Protection, Utilities, and Stormwater ordinances. Based upon the responses summarized in the above table,jurisdictions in Monroe County have significant planning and regulatory capability. Jurisdictions could improve this capability by creating economic development plans that incorporate post-disaster economic recovery. Beyond the planning and regulatory tools listed above,communities in the County could increase their resilience to hazards through developing local post-disaster recovery plans. A more detailed discussion on the region's planning and regulatory capability follows. 5.2.1.1 Plans and Ordinances Hazard mitigation is widely recognized as one of the four primary phases of emergency management. Mitigation is interconnected with all other phases and is an essential component of effective preparedness, response, and recovery. Opportunities to reduce potential losses through mitigation practices are most often implemented before a disaster event, such as through the elevation of flood- prone structures or by regular enforcement of policies that regulate development. However, mitigation opportunities can also be identified during immediate preparedness or response activities, such as installing storm shutters in advance of a hurricane. Furthermore,incorporating mitigation during the long- term recovery and redevelopment process following a disaster event is what enables a community to become more resilient. The implementation of hazard mitigation activities also often involves agencies and individuals beyond the emergency management profession. Stakeholders may include local planners, public works officials, economic development specialists, and others. In many instances, concurrent local planning efforts will help to achieve or complement hazard mitigation goals, even though they may not be designed as such. u bruin e Coturu ty,i iol uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT The following defines some of the different plans and ordinances available to Monroe County and its incorporated jurisdictions to implement hazard mitigation. Local Mitigation Strategy A local mitigation strategy is a community's blueprint for how it intends to reduce the impact of natural, and in some cases human-caused, hazards on people and the built environment.The essential elements of a hazard mitigation plan include a risk assessment, capability assessment,and mitigation strategy. All participating jurisdictions in this regional planning effort have previously been covered by the 2015 Monroe County and Incorporated Municipalities Local Mitigation Strategy and continue to be covered under this update — making each community eligible for the associated hazard mitigation funding mechanisms. Comprehensive/Land Use Plan A comprehensive land use plan,or general plan,establishes the overall vision for what a community wants to be and serves as a guide for future governmental decision making. Typically, a comprehensive plan contains sections on demographic conditions, land use, transportation elements, and community facilities. Given the broad nature of the plan and its regulatory standing in many communities, the integration of hazard mitigation measures into the comprehensive plan can enhance the likelihood of achieving risk reduction goals,objectives,and actions.All participating jurisdictions have a comprehensive plans and land use mapping in place. Regular updates of comprehensive plans are important for guiding the growth and development of a community. Monroe County's was most recently updated in 2019, and Islamorada's in 2017.Other jurisdictions have not updated their plans as recently. Given the precarious location of the Florida Keys, addressing mitigation in comprehensive plans is paramount. In fact, each jurisdiction has multiple goals, objectives, or policies that directly address mitigating hazard impacts in the uniquely vulnerability Keys. Details on the specific policies included in each community's planning efforts are included in the individual jurisdictional annexes. Zoning Ordinance Zoning represents the primary means by which land use is controlled by local governments. As part of a community's police power, zoning is used to protect the public health, safety, and welfare of those in a given jurisdiction that maintains zoning authority. A zoning ordinance is the mechanism through which zoning is typically implemented.Since zoning regulations enable municipal governments to limit the type and density of development, a zoning ordinance can serve as a powerful tool when applied in identified hazard areas.All participating jurisdictions have a zoning ordinance in place. Subdivision Ordinance A subdivision ordinance is intended to regulate the development of residential,commercial,industrial,or other uses, including associated public infrastructure, as land is subdivided into buildable lots for sale or future development. Subdivision design that accounts for natural hazards can dramatically reduce the exposure of future development. All participating jurisdictions except for Key Colony Beach have a subdivision ordinance in place. Building Codes, Permitting, and Inspections Building codes regulate construction standards. In many communities, permits and inspections are required for new construction.Decisions regarding the adoption of building codes(that account for hazard risk), the type of permitting process required both before and after a disaster, and the enforcement of M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT inspection protocols all affect the level of hazard risk faced by a community.All participating jurisdictions have building codes in place. Each jurisdiction requires all new building plans submitted comply with the 61h edition of the Florida Building Code (FBC). The State of Florida first mandated statewide building codes in the 1970s; in the 1990s, a series of natural disasters coupled with changing building construction regulation necessitated a comprehensive review of the state building code system. In that same timeframe,the Florida Legislature created a single zoning code to be enforced by local governments. By 2002, it was mandated that the Florida Building Code supersede all local codes. The Code, which is developed and maintained by the Florida Building Commission, is updated every three years, but may be amended annually.The 7th Edition of the FBC(2020) was released mid-2020 to be effective December 31, 2020. This edition of the code is based in-part on the 2018 International Building Code (I-Code). The Code includes nine main volumes— including the Florida Building Code, Test Protocols for High-Velocity Hurricanes. The Code also has Flood Resistant Provisions included in four of the nine volumes.The flood provisions in each code of the series, from the 2012 edition onward, meet or exceed the NFIP requirements for the purpose of NFIP participation. The adoption and enforcement of building codes by local jurisdictions is routinely assessed through the Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule (BCEGS) program, developed by the Insurance Services Office, Inc. (ISO). The results of BCEGS assessments are routinely provided to ISO's member private insurance companies, which in turn may offer ratings credits for new buildings constructed in communities with strong BCEGS classifications.The expectation is that communities with well-enforced, up-to-date codes should experience fewer disaster-related losses, and as a result should have lower insurance rates. Capital Improvements Plan A capital improvements plan guides the scheduling of spending on public improvements. A capital improvements plan can serve as an important mechanism for guiding future development away from identified hazard areas. Limiting public spending in hazardous areas is one of the most effective long-term mitigation actions available to local governments. Capital improvement plans can also address problems within hazardous areas;for example,a jurisdiction might obligate money to address site-specific drainage related problems.All participating jurisdictions have a capital improvements plan or program in place. Emergency Operations Plan An emergency operations plan outlines the responsibilities of different departments and how resources will be deployed during and following an emergency or disaster. All jurisdictions except the City of Marathon have an emergency operations plan. Storater Management Plan A stormwater management plan is designed to address flooding associated with stormwater runoff.The stormwater management plan is typically focused on design and construction measures that are intended to reduce the impact of more frequently occurring minor urban flooding.Currently,all jurisdictions except for Monroe County and the City of Marathon have a stormwater management program or plan. 5.2.1.1 Floodplain Management Flooding represents the greatest natural hazard facing the nation, yet the tools available to reduce the impacts associated with flooding are among the most developed when compared to other hazard-specific mitigation techniques. In addition to approaches that cut across hazards such as education,outreach,and the training of local officials, the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) contains specific regulatory M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT measures that enable government officials to determine where and how growth occurs relative to flood hazards. Participation in the NFIP is voluntary for local governments; however, program participation is strongly encouraged by FEMA as a first step for implementing and sustaining an effective hazard mitigation program. It is therefore used as part of this capability assessment as a key indicator for measuring local capability. In order for a county or municipality to participate in the NFIP, they must adopt a local flood damage prevention ordinance that requires jurisdictions to follow established minimum building standards in the floodplain. These standards require that all new buildings and substantial improvements to existing buildings be protected from damage by a 100-year flood event, and that new development in the floodplain not exacerbate existing flood problems or increase damage to other properties. A key service provided by the NFIP is the mapping of identified flood hazard areas. Once completed,the Flood Insurance Rate Maps(FIRMs) are used to assess flood hazard risk, regulate construction practices, and set flood insurance rates. FIRMs are an important source of information to educate residents, government officials, and the private sector about the likelihood of flooding in their community. Table 5.2 provides NFIP policy and claim information for each participating jurisdiction in the Monroe County planning area. All jurisdictions in the County participate in the NFIP and will continue to comply with all required provisions of the program. Floodplain management is managed through zoning ordinances, building code restrictions, and the county and municipal building inspection programs.The jurisdictions will coordinate with FDEM and FEMA to develop maps and regulations related to Special Flood Hazard Areas within their jurisdictional boundaries and, through a consistent monitoring process, will design and improve their floodplain management program in a way that reduces the risk of flooding to people and property. The communities in Monroe County have incorporated various actions to continue to maintain NFIP compliance, and in some instances go above and beyond stated requirements. Where applicable,these actions can be found in each community's individual annex. Community Rating System An additional indicator of floodplain management capability is active participation in the Community Rating System (CRS).The CRS is an incentive-based program that encourages communities to undertake defined flood mitigation activities that go beyond the minimum requirements of the NFIP. Each of the CRS mitigation activities is assigned a point value. As a community earns points and reaches identified thresholds,they can apply for an improved CRS class. Class ratings,which range from 9 to 1 and increase on 500-point increments,are tied to flood insurance premium reductions. Every class improvement earns an additional 5 percent discount for NFIP policyholders, with a starting discount of 5 percent for Class 9 communities and a maximum possible discount of 45 percent for Class 1 communities. Community participation in the CRS is voluntary.Any community that is in full compliance with the rules and regulations of the NFIP may apply to FEMA for a CRS classification better than class 10. The CRS application process has been greatly simplified over the past several years, based on community comments intended to make the CRS more user friendly, and extensive technical assistance available for communities who request it. All jurisdictions involved in this plan participate in the CRS. Table 5.2 also includes each community's CRS entry date and current CRS class. M.ortiroe C:::tu rtty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1262 � IIIIIIIIIIIII��!!pIV IIIIIIIII M �O N r M n M ri 00 N M 00 UI 000 n ell --I ell N 4a E � lN0 n � M M M A l0 O 01 M a--I 01 i-i co N -V � In r-I -V w -Cl N M 00 a j a q M 'O to Ln O r-I 00 O Ln rl O) W I`1 Cl) M I`1 O 00 N N l0 Lr N a--I l0 O H ri N 0 N M 00 O O N ^O M - l O n � coN 3 E `0 ° - � � a .N. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C 01 01 N M O O � M Ln Ln l0 00 l0 w C V Lr Lr � O O Ln M1 LLr N i C 00 M r-I 00 l0 r-I O 7 LL M Ln N N M 00 W LA N r-I -tn M M 00 I- lin C 001 a^i Leff O a�I N ® d H 0) M It O -q Ol kill N �y i l r-I 00 M M awl Z .� I0 a I M a 0 Ln Ln Ln Ln Ln Ln IL v c ? o o0 00 00 00 00 00 L CL a-i a-i a-i a-i a-i a-i uW N N N N N N I 2 O O O O O O LA H ' w cc 10 Ln I, Ln l0 l0 l0 u H a�-I M a�-� O a^-I r-I O N �. O N > m � C w LL = O O M a O O vi j G LL O }' O O O O Ill' O O +, N C uj(A ' " 0�0 (A u H J m "Ik'q V m c co O d c 41 c 0 0 H 7 U O ro 02 Z u .L O >, >- N � Z "fit Y Y - O 0. 0 ° o 001 o o o o c C O fO p +� o No H v�i �o�� fV SECTION 5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT 5.2.2 Administrative and Technical Capability The ability of a local government to develop and implement mitigation projects, policies,and programs is directly tied to its ability to direct staff time and resources for that purpose.Administrative capability can be evaluated by determining how mitigation-related activities are assigned to local departments and if there are adequate personnel resources to complete these activities. The degree of intergovernmental coordination among departments will also affect administrative capability for the implementation and success of proposed mitigation activities. Technical capability can generally be evaluated by assessing the level of knowledge and technical expertise of local government employees, such as personnel skilled in using GIS to analyze and assess community hazard vulnerability. Input from the County and individual municipalities and research done by the consultants was used to capture information on administrative and technical capability through the identification of available staff and personnel resources. Table 5.3 provides a summary of the results for each jurisdiction with regard to relevant staff and personnel resources.A checkmark(✓)indicates the presence of a staff member(s) in that jurisdiction with the specified knowledge or skill. Note that in multiple instances,one individual staff member fills multiple roles listed below. In these cases, these individuals may be overburdened during emergency events, disaster recovery, or planning process updates. Certain communities might contract out services where there is no in-house capacity. Monroe County assists communities lacking certain capabilities. Specific areas for improvement might include individual communities maintaining GIS databases to identify hazard prone areas and build community- specific, detailed risk and vulnerability assessments. Table —Relevant Staff/Personnel/DataResources 0 s A �p O N T O O U 3 0 > O to y Y Y 0 0 0 0 E O +T. Zr +T. Z Staff/Personnel/Data Resources Planner/Engineer with knowledge of land ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ development/land management practices Engineer/Professional trained in construction ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ practices related to buildings and/or infrastructure Planner/Engineer/Scientist with an understanding of ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ natural hazards Personnel skilled in GIS ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Full time Building Official ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Floodplain Manager ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Emergency Manager ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Grant Writer ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Public Information Officer ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Warning Systems ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1264;�� SECTION 5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT 0 s � V N N LO 0 T N T 0 0 U 3 0 > U d d 0 0 0 0 E 0 ,+T. Zr ,+T. ,Z GIS data:flood zones/hazard areas ✓ ✓ ✓ GIS data:critical facilities ✓ ✓ ✓ GIS data:current and/or future land use ✓ ✓ ✓ GIS data: building footprints ✓ ✓ ✓ GIS data: links to Assessor's data ✓ ✓ ✓ Other personnel ✓ ✓ Other data ✓ 5.2.3 Fiscal Capability The ability of a local government to implement mitigation actions is often dependent on the amount of money available. This may take the form of outside grant funding awards or locally based revenue and financing. The costs associated with mitigation policy and project implementation vary widely. In some cases, policies are tied primarily to staff time or administrative costs associated with the creation and monitoring of a given program. In other cases, direct expenses are linked to an actual project such as the acquisition of flood-prone houses, which can require a substantial commitment from local, state, and federal funding sources. The information collected from jurisdictions and the County was used to capture information on the County's fiscal capability through the identification of locally available financial resources. Table 5.4 provides a summary of the results for the County with regard to relevant fiscal resources. A checkmark indicates that the given fiscal resource is locally available for hazard mitigation purposes (including match funds for state and federal mitigation grant funds). Table —Relevant Fiscal Resources 0 s V N N �p 0 N T m 0 0 t 0 U 3 0 0 O c 0 0 0 0 E 0 u v v u Fiscal Resources Community Development Block Grants ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Capital Improvement Project Funding ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Authority to levy taxes for specific purposes ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Fees for water,sewer,gas,or electric services ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1265, SECTION 5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT 0 s � o m 0 T d T 0 0 U 3 0 > U d d 0 0 0 0 E C ,+T. Zr ,+T. ,Z Impact fees for new development ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Incur dept through general obligation bonds ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Incur debt through special tax bonds ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Incur dept through private activities ✓ ✓ ✓ Withhold spending in hazard prone areas ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Other ✓ 5.2.4 Education and Outreach Capability This type of local capability refers to education and outreach programs and methods already in place that could be used to implement mitigation activities and communicate hazard-related information. Examples include natural disaster or safety related school programs; participation in community programs such as Firewise or StormReady; and activities conducted as part of hazard awareness campaigns such as a Tornado Awareness Month. The following is a brief list of education and information programs within each community: Monroe County: Hosts the County's CRS Program for Public Information and the associated Committee (all jurisdictions except for Layton participate in this PPI as of the December 2019 Annual Evaluation);Currently working toward StormReady certification; Emergency management preparedness website. City of Key Colony Beach: Participate in StormReady Program; distribute flyers to the community with topics related to water preservation, hurricane preparedness and flood preparedness. City of Key West: Outreach and education through booths, work/school visits, PSA's, and online videos on topics including, but not limited to, fire and hurricane safety, lightning, water conservation, energy conservation, and climate change; annual mailing to repetitive loss properties; Know before you buy brochures; Annual flood information mailing to lenders, insurance agents, and realtors. Layton: Community mailouts on hazard related topics. Marathon: Emergency Management website with preparedness guides. Islamorada: Public education trailer for community and school outreach,especially around home fires; Outreach with FKAA around water conservation; Maintains a Community Emergency Response Team (CERT); Assist with MERC programs which incorporate storm readiness, home readiness, mitigation, and response. Although this is not an exhaustive list, the County and incorporated jurisdictions have significant hazard and non-hazard related educational and outreach capacity. The communities can further capitalize on their existing capabilities, like school partnerships and educational vehicles, to educate the larger community on hazard risk and mitigation options. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1266;� SECTION 5: CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT 5.2.5 Political Capability One of the most difficult capabilities to evaluate involves the political will of a jurisdiction to enact meaningful policies and projects designed to reduce the impact of future hazard events.Hazard mitigation may not be a local priority, or it may conflict with or be seen as an impediment to other goals of the community, such as growth and economic development. Therefore, the local political climate must be considered in designing mitigation strategies, as it could be the most difficult hurdle to overcome in accomplishing their adoption and implementation.Table 5.5 below summarizes the different government structures in the jurisdictions as well as whether or not the governing bodies are supportive of mitigation efforts. Table . —Jurisdictional Government StructurePolitical Climate Jurisdiction Government Structure Political Climate Supportive of Mitigation Efforts? Monroe County 5-member Board of County Yes,supportive via resolution Commissioners City of Key Colony Beach 5-member City Commission led by Mayor Yes. City of Key West City Commission of 7(6 district Local political climate is very representatives, 1 Mayor) supportive of mitigation efforts. City of Layton 5 member elected City Council and 1 Mitigation is supported by Mayor, elected Mayor Council,and staff. City of Marathon 5-member City Council(3 council Yes. members, 1 vice mayor,1 mayor) Islamorada operates under a council- Mayor and Village Council are very Islamorada Village of Islands manager form of government; 5-member supportive of mitigation efforts in Village Council(including Mayor) Islamorada. uuuull uuu lulul uulul lui lui uuul uu uu liul cull uu uuuil uui uu ulul uulul uu lui uu uuiul uuul uul ui luull uul uuui uu uluuil III uu uliuuuuuluuli III�I III I I II I II I II II II I I i i I li tl I tl i I I� li I I A I i I I I l i uuuioi"ii�uuiu��������������������lll Illuuuui�luuuuuo�llui�llluuilllluuuio�luuuuilluuuioi�lluuuu�ui Iluuuuuo��uu�Illuu�luuuo�Il�Iluuuuo��uu�Illuu�IIIIIIuuuuuluuuuuo��Iluuuiolui�IllilllUuuuuIIIII�IluuuuuuuilllllillUludlll�Iliu�IllilllUuuuuu�uu uuuuiluiiui��������ui��������������������������������� As previously discussed, one of the reasons for conducting a capability assessment is to examine local capabilities to detect any existing gaps or weaknesses within ongoing government activities that could hinder proposed mitigation activities and possibly exacerbate community hazard vulnerability. These gaps, which indicate opportunities for improvement, have been identified for each jurisdiction in the tables found throughout this section.The participating jurisdictions used the capability assessment as part of the basis for the mitigation actions that are identified in Section 7; therefore, each jurisdiction addresses their ability to expand on and improve their existing capabilities through the identification of their mitigation actions. Each jurisdiction is unique in its planning,regulatory,fiscal,political,and outreach capabilities; additional details on jurisdictional capability, including existing mitigation in comprehensive planning efforts,and other details of local planning can be found in individual jurisdictional annexes. fkftr:uoe Cm�iruty,I .o lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1267 x SECTION 6: MITIGATION STRATEGY Requirement§201.6(c)(3):[The plan shall include]a mitigation strategy that provides the jurisdiction's blueprint for reducing the potential losses identified in the risk assessment, based on existing authorities, policies, programs and resources,and its ability to expand on and improve these existing tools. This section describes the process for developing the mitigation strategy for the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy. It describes how the Region met the requirements for Planning Step 6 (Set Goals), Planning Step 7 (Review Possible Activities), and Planning Step 8 (Draft an Action Plan). This section includes the following sub-sections: 6.1 Goals and Objectives 6.2 Identification &Analysis of Mitigation Activities uuu uui uuuu iuiiiii uu ui uiiii �««»>iiiiiiiiiiuii uiuiiii iiiiuui iiiiiiiiiiiiii uuuiuuuuuuiuuuui uiuuuuu uui I ll � I nl � luuuui�iuiluuuuu lluuuuiollluuuuo��u�IIIiIIIUuuuuiuuuio�Iliu�IllilllUui�lluuilliuuuuui����Iluuuuo��uuuuui0uuu�lluuuuu�lluuuio���ui�iui���luu�uuuuu�llluui����������������������������������� Requirement§201.6(c)(3)(i): [The mitigation strategy section shall include a]description of mitigation goals to reduce or avoid long-term vulnerabilities to the identified hazards. Goal setting builds upon the findings of Section 4,which documents the hazards and associated risks that threaten Monroe County, including the vulnerability of structures, infrastructure, and critical facilities. Section 5 evaluates each jurisdiction's capacity to reduce the impact of hazards. The intent of Goal Setting is to identify areas where improvements to existing capabilities and reductions in existing vulnerabilities can be made so that overall risk is reduced. Goals also guide the review of possible mitigation measures. This plan needs to make sure that recommended actions are consistent with what is appropriate for the County and the incorporated municipalities. Mitigation goals need to reflect community priorities and should be consistent with other local plans. Goals are general guidelines that explain what is to be achieved. They are usually broad-based policy type statements, long term and represent global visions. Goals help define the benefits that the plan is trying to achieve. Objectives are short term aims that,when combined,form a strategy or course of action to meet a goal. Unlike goals, objectives are specific and measurable. 6.1.1 Coordination with Other Planning Efforts The goals of this plan need to be consistent with and complement the goals of other local planning efforts. The primary planning documents that the goals of this plan should complement and be consistent with are the county and participating jurisdictions'comprehensive plans. Comprehensive plans are important because they are developed and designed to guide future growth within their communities. Keeping the Local Mitigation Strategy and Comprehensive Plans consistent ensures that land development is done with awareness and understanding of hazard risk and that mitigation projects complement rather than contradict community development objectives. Another local resource that was reviewed for coordination was the Southeast Florida Regional Compact Climate Action Plan; Monroe County and all incorporated jurisdictions are part of the compact and the associated climate action plan.The Action Plan recommendations are broad and applicable across the region and throughout Monroe County. M.ortaoeC::t uuU' ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1268�� SECTION 6: MITIGATION STRATEGY 6.1.2 Goal Setting Throughout the planning process,the overarching priorities of LMSWG have remained to protect the life, health, safety, and welfare of the residents of Monroe County as well as limit property damage due to hazard events. To meet this priority, the LMSWG has chosen to include new hazards and intentionally identify mitigation actions across all mitigation categories. Additionally, one of the main priorities of the LMSWG was to maintain eligibility for BRIC, and other HMA,funding opportunities. At the second planning meeting, held on September 2, 2020, the LMSWG reviewed and discussed the goals from the 2015 Monroe County LMS.The previous plan had 7 long-standing goals with no associated objectives. It was recommended that the working group developer a shorter list of three to four broad based goals. The goals from the previous plan are as follows: #1 Preservation of sustainability of life, health,safety, and welfare. #2 Preservation of infrastructure, including power,water,sewer, and communications. #3 Maintenance and protection of roads and bridges, including traffic signals and street signs. #4 Protection of critical facilities, including public schools and public buildings. #5 Preservation of property and assets. #6 Preservation of economy during and after disaster, including business viability. #7 Preservation and protection of the environment A new set of broader goals accompanied by more specific objectives were presented to the LMS working group for review and discussion.The goals combined,carried forward,and expanded upon the sentiments of the goals from the 2015 plan. These updates were validated by the working group. The goals and objectives approved by the LMSWG are presented below. 6.1.3 Resulting Goals and Objectives Goal I—Preserve the sustainability of life,health,safety,and welfare. Objective 1.1: Provide public education and outreach to teach residents and visitors how to protect themselves and their property. Objective 1.2: Improve preparedness, response, and recovery capabilities to minimize hazard impacts. Objective 1.3: Pursue property protection and structural projects to reduce vulnerability of existing development. Goal 2—Protect and preserveproperty assets,including the built environmentnatural resources. Objective 2.1:Protect and preserve community infrastructure systems,including critical facilities,utilities, water,sewer, communications, and transportation. Objective 2.2: Use planning and regulatory tools to protect future development and prevent hazard risks from worsening. Objective 2.3: Preserve natural areas that provide hazard risk reduction and other beneficial functions. Goal 3—Build local capacity co a continuously less vulnerablethazards Objective 3.1: Reduce losses from business interruption and support long term business viability. Objective 3.2: Ensure continuity of critical local government operations. u f::°:aoeC::t uut ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 6: MITIGATION STRATEGY Objective 3.3: Strengthen regional connections and foster inter-jurisdictional coordination for risk reduction. uuu uoii »liiiuuu uiiuuuuu uuiuuiuuuiuuuuuui ui«tititi»iiiuuuuuuu uiuu ui iui uu ui iuiiuuui «« i»uu uii ui iiu���`�u>>ui uuu uiuu uiiiuu uu uuiuiiiiiuiuuiui uuu iiiiiiuuiuiiiiuu uiuu ui iui iuu «asti»»»iiiuiuiuu iuuiuiuiiiuiuiiuuuuui uiiii i ul I is I I I I I i I � I i u I I I i I I i i I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I k k �u u u luuiuumiuiuuuuu'iII��������������������������iui���uuuuui�uuuuu�uullluuuiui����uuiui�Illl�uulluuuuoiuilllliuuiuiluuuuuo��uullluuu iuillllulliui�Illuui��uuuuio����iuillllillliui�Illuuiiulllliilllluuuui���uuillllluiiiiu�uuluuuo�Il�I�uuuuo��uu�IIII�III�uu�Iluu�uilliui�����uuiuilluuuuudiuilllliuuuuluuuuuo��uullluuu uulllluuillluuuuu���uu����luulluuuuu�����uuiuiiuuuui�uuuo�llllllllllllllllllllllllll Requirement §201.6(c)(3)(ii): [The mitigation strategy section shall include a] section that identifies and analyzes a comprehensive range of specific mitigation actions and projects being considered to reduce the effects of each hazard, with particular emphasis on new and existing buildings and infrastructure. All plans approved by FEMA after October 1, 2008, must also address the jurisdiction's participation in the NFIP, and continued compliance with NFIP requirements,as appropriate. To identify and select mitigation projects that support the mitigation goals, each hazard identified in Section 4 Hazard Identification&Risk Assessment was evaluated. The following hazards were determined based on the Priority Risk Index scores to be high and moderate priority hazards: Flood Wildfire � Tropical Cyclones Drought Sea Level Rise Extreme Heat Severe Storms Radiological Incident � Tornado&Waterspout Cyber Attack Coastal Erosion Note: While this list contains technological/human-caused hazards, only natural hazards on this list were necessarily prioritized for mitigation. Mitigation action development for technological/human-caused hazards was left to the discretion of each jurisdiction. Once it was determined which hazards warranted the development of specific mitigation actions, the LMSWG analyzed viable mitigation options that supported the identified goals and objectives. The LMSWG was provided with the following list of mitigation categories which are utilized as part of the CRS planning process but are also applicable to multi-hazard mitigation. Prevention Emergency Services Property Protection Structural Projects Natural Resource Protection Public Information and Outreach Thee LMSWG was also provided with examples of potential mitigation actions for each of the above categories. The LMSWG was instructed to consider both future and existing buildings in evaluating possible mitigation actions. The LMSWG also considered which actions from the previous plan and subsequent annual updates that were not already completed should be continued in this action plan. A more detailed review of possible actions within each mitigation category that were reviewed by the LMSWG is provided in Appendix C. Actions that were completed or not carried forward (deleted) are detailed in Section 2.9. 6.2.1 Prioritization Process Monroe County employs a three-step mitigation action prioritization process. Step One, defined in this section, is to identify a full range of possible mitigation activities and create a preliminary list. Steps Two and Three are detailed in Appendix D. In the process of identifying continuing and new mitigation actions, the LMSWG was provided with a set of prioritization criteria to assist in deciding why one recommended action might be more important, more effective,or more likely to be implemented than another. LMSWG members were asked to rate each action with an approach modified from the FEMA STAPLEE criteria and then evaluate the general efficacy of each action. MbrtaoeCottiuuwl' ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 6: MITIGATION STRATEGY The LMSWG was first asked to give each action a positive (1 point), neutral (0 points), or negative (-1 point) rating for each of the STAPLEE elements: Socially Acceptable: Is the action acceptable to the community? Does it have a greater impact on a certain segment of the population?Are the benefits fair? Technically Feasible: Is the action technically feasibly? Is it a long-term solution to the problem? Does it capitalize on existing planning mechanisms for implementation? Administrative Resources: Are there adequate staffing,funding and other capabilities to implement the project? Is there adequate additional capability to ensure ongoing maintenance? Politically Supported: Will there be adequate political and public support for the project? Does the project have a local champion to support implementation? Legally Allowable: Does the community have the legal authority to implement the action? Economically Sound: Can the action be funded locally?Will the action need to be funded by an outside entity, and has that funding been secured? How much will the project cost?Can the benefits be quantified, and do they outweigh the costs? Environmentally Sound: Does the action comply with environmental regulations? Does the action meet the community's environmental goals? Does the action impact land,water, endangered species, or other natural assets? Each action could receive a STAPLEE score between 7 and -7; however, no action was considered further if it scored less than 0 points. Next, the LMSWG was asked to consider each action's potential efficacy by answering the following questions with unlikely(0 points), maybe(1 point), probably(2 points), or definitely(3 points): Will the action result in lives saved? Will the action reduce property damages? Will the action reduce the need for response actions? Will the benefits exceed the cost? Each action could receive an additional effectiveness score of 0 to 12. Using these prioritization criteria, the LMSWG was able to score each action on a scale of 0 to 19. The prioritization ranking, simplified as High, Medium, or Low, for each mitigation action considered by the LMSG is provided in the Mitigation Action Plan below.These priority rankings are defined as follows: High: 14 to 19 points Medium: 7 to 13 points Low: 0 to 6 points In accordance with the DMA requirements, an emphasis was placed on the importance of a benefit-cost analysis in determining action priority,as reflected in the prioritization criteria above. For each action,the LMSWG considered the benefit-cost analysis in terms of: � Ability of the action to address the problem Contribution of the action to save life or property Available technical and administrative resources for implementation Availability of funding and perceived cost-effectiveness The consideration of these criteria helped to prioritize and refine mitigation actions but did not constitute a full benefit-cost analysis. The cost-effectiveness of any mitigation alternative will be considered in greater detail through performing benefit-cost project analyses when seeking FEMA mitigation grant funding for eligible actions associated with this plan. M.ortaoeC::t uut ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 7: MITIGATION ACTION PLAN Requirement§201.6(c)(3)(iii): [The mitigation strategy section shall include an]action plan describing how the actions identified in section(c)(3)(11)will be prioritized,implemented,and administered bythe local jurisdiction. Prioritization shall include a special emphasis on the extent to which benefits are maximized according to a cost benefit review of the proposed projects and their associated costs. This section provides the updated mitigation action plan, which was developed to present the HMPC's recommendations for how the participating communities can reduce the risk and vulnerability of people, property,infrastructure,and natural and cultural resources to future disaster losses. Emphasis was placed on both future and existing development. Each mitigation action recommended for implementation is listed in these tables along with detail on the applicable jurisdictions, hazards addressed,the goal and objective addressed,the priority rating,the lead agency responsible for implementation, potential funding sources for the action, a projected implementation timeline (noted as the projected timeframe for completion), and the 2020 status and comments on this status for actions that were carried forward from the 2015 plan. 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Implementation and maintenance of the plan is critical to the overall success of hazard mitigation planning. This section discusses how the Mitigation Action Plan will be implemented by participating jurisdictions and outlines the method and schedule for monitoring, updating, and evaluating the plan. This section also discusses incorporating the plan into existing planning mechanisms and how the public will continue to be involved in the planning process. It consists of the following three subsections: 8.1 Distribution 8.2 Implementation 8.3 Monitoring, Evaluation, and Enhancement 8.4 Continued Public Involvement uuuiui iiu iuuiuuuuuiuuuuu uuuuuii iii uiuui uuiui uui uu lulu i� i ii � ii I U to A I � u I � IIIIII luuuuo�uu`uuuuu muuuui�uumuuo��ui�uidlluulilui��uuuui�UuuuioiUll���uu���Pluilluuuuo��uidlUuuu Upon adoption of the 2020 Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy Update,the plan in its entirety will be posted on the Monroe County Emergency Management Department's website.Notice of its availability will be distributed to relevant Federal and State agencies, as well as local elected officials. The plan will be maintained on the Monroe County Emergency Management Department's website for public access throughout its duration. uuu uui »l iui uu�����titi�»uuiuii uii uu�����titititi�»uuuuiiiuuii uui uuuuuuiuu uiuu ui iui IIII ti I l i� II l I n I �� � I u luuioio�uu uuuuu���������������������������iui���ui�lluu�uu uuIIIl��uuuui�uuuuulluulmui�uu��uuuuulluulUuuiiui���iui�IllUiuuiui IuuuuuoU�uulluuu Each jurisdiction participating in this plan update is responsible for implementing specific mitigation actions as prescribed in the Mitigation Action Plan(found in Section 7). In the Mitigation Action Plan,every proposed action is assigned to a specific local department or agency to ensure responsibility and accountability and increase the likelihood of subsequent implementation. Jurisdiction may update the actions applicable to their jurisdiction as needed without altering the broader focus of the LMS. In addition to the assignment of a local lead department or agency, an implementation timeline or a specific implementation date or window has been assigned to each mitigation action to help assess whether reasonable progress is being made toward implementation. The participating jurisdictions will seek outside funding sources to implement mitigation projects in both the pre-disaster and post-disaster environments. When applicable, potential funding sources have been identified for proposed actions listed in the Mitigation Action Plan. An important implementation mechanism that is highly effective and low-cost is integration of the Local Mitigation Strategy recommendations and their underlying principles into other plans and mechanisms. Where possible, plan participants will use existing plans and/or programs to implement the Mitigation Action Plan. LMSWG group members may consider integrating the findings, recommendations, and actions presented in the LMS into the following plans and ordinances, among others: Comprehensive Plans; Capital Improvements Plans; Zoning Ordinances& Land Use Plans; Repetitive Loss Plans; Subdivision Ordinances; Climate Change/Sea Level Rise Plans; Building Codes; Small Area Plans; and Emergency Operations Plans; Transportation Plans. N4.ortaoeC::t�uuwl' ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1290 CHAPTER 8: PLAN MAINTENANCE The LMSWG uniformly acknowledges the County's risk and the associated effects of hazards such as high winds, tropical cyclones and storm surge, flooding, and sea level rise. As such, data regarding risk assessments and options to mitigate such risk are incorporated into existing community planning mechanisms,which are detailed in each community's individual annexes. Moving forward, it will be the responsibility of the LMSWG representatives from each participating jurisdiction to continue to determine and pursue opportunities for integrating the findings, requirements, and strategies of this plan with other local planning documents. The LMSWG is also responsible for ensuring that the goals and strategies of new and updated local planning documents for their jurisdictions or agencies are consistent with the goals and actions of the Local Mitigation Strategy and will not contribute to increased hazard vulnerability in the planning area. Methods for integration may include: Monitoring other planning/program agendas; Attending other planning/program meetings; Participating in other planning processes; and Monitoring community budget meetings for other community program opportunities. Many identified mitigation initiatives are capital projects, the implementation of which is usually dependent upon the availability of funding. When such initiatives are prioritized, and funding is sought, each jurisdiction will comply with its existing rules regarding inclusion of projects in its Capital Improvement Plan or other budget and planning processes and documents. Opportunities to integrate the requirements of this plan into other local planning mechanisms shall continue to be identified through future meetings of the LMSWG and through the five-year review process described herein. Although it is recognized that there are many possible benefits to integrating components of this plan into other local planning mechanisms,the development and maintenance of this stand-alone Local Mitigation Strategy is deemed by the LMSWG to be the most effective and appropriate method to implement local hazard mitigation actions at this time. u uui iuiiiu iui iuiiuiiuuiuuui uuuii uuuui uu ui uii uuuii uiuuiuui ui uui ui iui uui lull uuuiuiiiiuu uuiui uu iui uui iii iiiiiiiiuuu u I P I I V�lu uuuuiuu ioiiui uii oils iii iui uuuiuuuuuuiui sills atititi»»uuuuiuuuii lus a ii i iui i ii i it i I I n I IIIII I I � I k k i uuuiuo�uu u�ii�u��������������������lll iu��llu�ju�Iluuuu�oo�uu�llluu�lu������uu����lluuuuuo��u�dlluuu�uu�llluu�lluuuuui��������uuuuu���lluuui'iiu�llllulliuuuu�lmuuuoiu�lllliu��iu�Iuuuuuo��u�dllluu�l�������u��llmlliu�dllluu�lluuuuio�iuuuiu�iu��llluuu�dllllu��u��llllulliludllluuu Iuuuuuihuuuuu�u�dlluui�ml�Vuuuui�u�dllluuuiu������ 8.3.1 Role of LMSWG in Implementation, Monitoring and Maintenance With adoption of this plan, each jurisdiction will be responsible for the implementation and maintenance of their mitigation actions.The LMS Coordinator from Monroe County Emergency Management will take the lead in all plan monitoring and update procedures.As such, each jurisdiction agrees to continue their relationship with the LMSWG and: � Act as a forum for hazard mitigation issues; Disseminate hazard mitigation ideas and activities to all participants; Pursue the implementation of high-priority, low/no-cost recommended actions; Ensure hazard mitigation remains a consideration for community decision makers; Maintain a vigilant monitoring of multi-objective cost-share opportunities to help the community implement the plan's recommended actions for which no current funding exists; Monitor and assist in implementation and update of this plan; Report on plan progress and recommended revisions to the local governing boards; and Inform and solicit input from the public. The LMSWG's primary duty moving forward is to see the plan successfully carried out and report to the local governing boards, FDEM, FEMA, and the public on the status of plan implementation and mitigation opportunities. Other duties include reviewing and promoting mitigation proposals, considering stakeholder concerns about mitigation, passing concerns on to appropriate entities, and providing relevant information for posting on community websites(and others as appropriate). M.ortaoeC::t�uut ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 CHAPTER 8: PLAN MAINTENANCE Simultaneous to these efforts, it will be important to maintain a constant monitoring of funding opportunities that can be leveraged to implement some of the costlier recommended actions. This will include creating and maintaining a bank of ideas on how to meet local match or participation requirements. When funding does become available, the County will be positioned to capitalize on the opportunity. Funding opportunities to be monitored include special pre- and post-disaster funds, state and federal earmarked funds, benefit assessments, and other grant programs, including those that can serve or support multi-objective applications. 8.3.2 Monitoring and Maintenance Schedule Plan maintenance implies an ongoing effort to monitor and evaluate plan implementation and to update the plan as progress, roadblocks, or changing circumstances are recognized. The LMS Coordinator will be responsible for convening the LMSWG and initiating regular reviews. Regular maintenance will take place through quarterly conference calls and an annual meeting of the LMSWG.The LMSWG will also convene to review the plan after significant hazard events.The criteria recommended in 44 CFR 201 and 206 will be utilized in reviewing and updating the plan. 8.3.3 Maintenance Evaluation Process Evaluation of progress can be achieved by monitoring changes in vulnerabilities identified in the plan. Changes in vulnerability can be identified by noting: Decreased vulnerability as a result of implementing recommended actions; Increased vulnerability as a result of failed or ineffective mitigation actions; and/or Increased vulnerability as a result of new development(and/or annexation). Updates to this plan will: Consider changes in vulnerability due to project implementation; Document success stories where mitigation efforts have proven effective; Document areas where mitigation actions were not effective; Document any new hazards that may arise or were previously overlooked; Incorporate new data or studies on hazards and risks; Incorporate new capabilities or changes in capabilities; Incorporate growth and development-related changes to asset inventories; and Incorporate new project recommendations or changes in project prioritization. 8.3.3.1 Quarterly Conference Calls In order to ensure effectiveness in meeting the goals set forth in this plan, the LMS working group will convene quarterly via conference call. More specifically, quarterly reviews will monitor changes to the following information: Community growth or change in the past quarter along with updates to community plans. The implementation status of the mitigation strategy and individual mitigation action items, including noting completed items or progress made toward completion,amended items, and deleted items due to changed priorities or otherwise. The number of substantially damaged or substantially improved structures by flood zone. The renovations and mitigation activities to public infrastructure including water,sewer, drainage, roads, bridges,gas lines, and buildings. The number of building and assets protected or mitigation. Natural hazard occurrences that required activation of any Emergency Operations Center(EOC) in the County and whether the event resulted in a presidential disaster declaration. M.ortaoeC::t�uut ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1292 � CHAPTER 8: PLAN MAINTENANCE Natural hazard occurrences that were not of a magnitude to warrant activation of the EOC or a federal disaster declaration but were severe enough to cause damage in the community or closure of businesses,schools,or public services. The dates of hazard events descriptions. Documented damages due to the event; include details on closure of places of employment or schools and the number of days closed, road or bridge closures due to the hazard event and length of time closed, and an assessment of the number of private and public buildings damaged and whether the damage was minor,substantial, major, or if buildings were destroyed. The assessment will include residences, mobile homes, commercial structures, industrial structures, and public buildings, such as schools and public safety buildings. 8.3.3.2 Annual Evaluation and Updates Per Florida Administrative Code Chapter 2713-22,and to ensure the LMS is current and continues to serve the interest of residents and visitors, the LMSWG will perform annual evaluations. By the end of September of each year, the LMS Coordinator will notify LMSWG members of the need to identify and compile revisions brought up through quarterly reviews. Working group members will submit any proposed revisions to Emergency Management to be discussed at the annual LMSWG meeting. Minor revisions may be handled by addenda while significant revisions will be submitted to FDEM. The LMS Coordinator will compile the proposed revisions and submit them to the Department of Community Affairs and FDEM by the last working day of January. Revisions may be warranted due to: Hazard events that have occurred prompting a change in the characterization of risk and vulnerability or warrant the consideration of additional initiatives; Significant changes, such as addition or deletion,to the critical facilities lists; Changes to the NFIP's list of Repetitive Loss Properties; Changes in develop that result in changes to the characterization of people and property that are at risk; Changes to the list of mitigation initiatives including the addition of new initiatives, or the deletion or completion of existing initiatives; Changes in department organization, regulations, comprehensive plans, and the like; and Changes necessary to comply with State and Federal program requirements. In the event of a major hazard event such as a hurricane or tropical storm,the LMSWG will convene after the event to discuss its impacts and initiate a discussion on how the LMSWG can influence mitigation in the recovery process. Whether shortly after an event or in response to receiving notice from FDEM that mitigation funds are available,the LMSWG will consider which project and initiatives will be prioritized. 8.3.3.3 Five-Year Update The LMS Coordinator will be responsible for reconvening the LMSWG for the Five-Year plan update. In part, this revision will be to incorporate the material collected for the annual updates in the four years prior. The five-year update will be submitted to FDEM and FEMA Region IV. With this plan update anticipated to be completed by 2020,the next plan update for Monroe County will be completed by 2025. uuu uui ui«tititi»i�ui iuiuiiuiuiiiuu uu uu ui iui uiiuui uuuu uuui iu uu uuiui iii iii uii� ti»i uii uuuu ui uuu iiii uii ui uuuui uu uu iuuuiii iiii uuuuiuuuu P lI I A A L I l I n I I l l I II u u luuuuo�uulllllliui�� Iluuuuu�luuuuuo�u�dllluuulu��iu�Vu�dllluuuluuuuuo�luuuuu�uuuuio�����iullllllllluuuuoi��uuuuio�uuuui�u��lluuuuui�uu��u�dllluuulluu� uuuuuio�uuuui��tluuuuuuu�u��louju�dlluuuui'�lu��llmu�����u�� Continued public involvement is imperative to the overall success of the plan's implementation. The quarterly review process will provide an opportunity to solicit participation from new and existing stakeholders and to publicize success stories from the plan implementation and seek additional public comment. Efforts to involve the public in the maintenance, evaluation and revision process may include: M.ortaoeC::t�uuwl' ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1293�� CHAPTER 8: PLAN MAINTENANCE Advertising LMSWG meetings in the local newspaper, public bulletin boards and/or local government office buildings; Designating willing citizens and private sector representatives as official members of the LMSWG; Utilizing local media to update the public of any maintenance and/or review activities; Utilizing local government websites to advertise any maintenance and/or review activities; Maintaining copies of the plan in public libraries or other appropriate venues; Posting annual progress reports on the Plan to local government websites; Heavy publicity of the plan and potential ways for the public to be involved after significant hazard events,tailored to the event that has just happened; Keeping websites, social media outlets,etc. updated; Drafting articles for the local community newspapers/newsletters; Utilizing social media accounts(e.g.Twitter, Facebook). Public Involvement for Five-year Update When the HMPC reconvenes for the five-year update, they will coordinate with all stakeholders participating in the planning process—including those that joined the committee since the planning process began—to update and revise the plan. In reconvening, the LMSWG will be responsible for coordinating the activities necessary to involve the greater public, including disseminating information through a variety of media channels detailing the plan update process. As part of this effort, public meetings will be held and public comments will be solicited on the plan update draft. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1294;�� SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION Requirement§201.6(c)(5): [The plan shall include]documentation that the plan has been formally approved by the governing body of the jurisdiction requesting approval of the plan(e.g.,City Council,County Commissioner, Tribal Council). The purpose of formally adopting this plan is to secure buy-in, raise awareness of the plan, and formalize the plan's implementation.The adoption of this plan completes Planning Step 9 (Adopt the Plan) of the 10-step planning process, in accordance with the requirements of DMA 2000. FDEM Approval Letters and community adoption resolutions are provided on the following pages. M.ortaoeC::t�uut ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1295� SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION v STATE OF FLORIDA DIVISION OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT Icon De3antiis Jared Moskowitz Governor Director January 28, 2021 Shannon Weiner, Director Monroe County Emergency Management 490 631d Street, Suite 150 (Ocean) Marathon, FL 33050 Re: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Approval Notification Dear Director Weiner, Congratulations! The enclosed letter constitutes the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) formal approval of the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) plan for the following participating jurisdictions: City of Layton The plan has been approved for a period of five (5)years and will expire again on January 19, 2026. The Mitigation Planning Unit would like to thank you for all of your hard work. It has been a pleasure working with you and we look forward to serving you in the future. If you have any questions regarding this matter, please contact your LMS Liaison Ian Ohlin at Ian.OhliinC em.myfloriida.com or 850-815-43116 Respectfully, Ngitallly sig-d by Miiles F..Anderson (YDJ i n MiYere E.Anderson,o=[)5Nu na Mltigation, Mules E. Anderson, _� l Mw1--de I n myflo d �o ,E-US l),-2021.01'..2915:42.17 05'00' Miles E.Anderson, Bureau Chief, Mitigation State Hazard Mitigation Officer MEA/io Attachments: 1/19/211, FEMA Approval Letter for City of Layton D IVISION HEAD QUARTERS Telephone.850-81.5-4000 STATE LOGISTICS RESPONSE CENTER 2555 5humard O,ak Boulevard www.FIcrildzaDisnatler.orq 2702 Directors Row Tall a hassee, FL 32349-2100 Orlando, FL 32809-5631 I or':IIoet,iouuiI'y,II°lo Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1296; SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION v STATE OF FLORIDA DIVISION OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT Icon De3antiis Jared Moskowitz Governor Director January 29, 2021 Shannon Weiner, Director Monroe County Emergency Management 490 631d Street, Suite 150 (Ocean) Marathon, FL 33050 Re: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Approval Notification Dear Director Weiner, Congratulations! The enclosed letter constitutes the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) formal approval of the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) plan for the following participating jurisdictions: Monroe County, Unincorporated Florida (Keys Electrical Cooperative Association The plan has been approved for a period of five (5)years and will expire again on January 19, 2026. The Mitigation Planning Unit would like to thank you for all of your hard work. It has been a pleasure working with you and we look forward to serving you in the future. If you have any questions regarding this matter, please contact your LMS Liaison Ian Ohlin at lan.Ohliin em.m floriida.com or 850-815-43116 Respectfully, Digitally signed by Miles E.Anderson DIN:-Mil Milts E.1sa,l crn,a DEM. Miles E. Anderson ��-mirgaton. onnaill-Miles.aodersonpea,rryflo nd oan,—US Date',2021.02.01 14:36:09-05'00' Mlles E.Anderson, Bureau Chief„ Mitigation State Hazard Mitigation Officer MEA/io Attachments: 1/27/21 FEMA Approval Letter for FKEC, 1125121 FEMA Approval Letter for Monroe County, Unincorporated' D IVISION HEAD QUARTERS Telephone.850-91.5-4000 STATE LOGISTICS RESPONSE CENTER 2555 5humard O,ak Boulevard wrww.Floriidzat)isn3ter.orq 2702 Directors Row Tall a hassee, FL 32349-2100 Orlando, FL 32809-5631 IMor':IIrae t,Ir:avuiuii'y,II°Ir:avu add Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1297 x SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION v STATE OF FLORIDA DIVISION OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT Icon De3antiis Jared Moskowitz Governor Director February 17,2021 Shannon Weiner, Director Monroe County Emergency Management 490 63rd Street, Suite 150 (Ocean) Marathon, FL 33050 Re: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Approval Notification Dear Director Weiner, Congratulations! The enclosed letter constitutes the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) formal approval of the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) plan for the following participating jurisdictions: Islamorada, Village of Islands The plan has been approved for a period of five (5)years and will expire again on January 19, 2026. The Mitigation Planning Unit would like to thank you for all of your hard work. It has been a pleasure working with you and we look forward to serving you in the future. If you have any questions regarding this matter, please contact your LMS Liaison Ian Ohlin at Ian.OhliinC em.myfloriida.com or 850-815-43116 Respectfully, od,,olly slrjned lay wlcs E.Andersen Miles E. Anderson b .cn=MilexE0.nderson,u=OEM,ou Mitigation, email M'iles.anden onnem.iarytlerida.com euU4 Date:2021 02,17 17:12:17-05'00' Miles E.Anderson, Bureau Chief, Mitigation State Hazard Mitigation Officer MEA/io Attachments: 2/10/211, FEMA Approval Letter for Islamorada,Village of Islands. r1 IVISION HEAD QUARTERS Telephone.850-81.5-4000 STATE LOGISTICS RESPONSE CENTER 2555 5humard O,ak Boulevard www.FIcriidzaDisnatler.orq 2702 Directors Row Tallll a hassee, FL 32349-2100 Orlando, FL 32809-5631 I rur':IIoe t,iouuiuiI'7,II°Io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 12981 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION STATE OF FLORIDA DIVISION OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT Ron Deg=tiis Jared Moskowitz Governor o/re"m February 1&.20,21 Shannon Weiner, Director Monroe County Emergency Management 40OG3w Street, Suite 150 (0oean) Marathon, FL33Q50 Re: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Approval Notification Dear Director Weiner, Congratulations! The enclosed letter constitutes the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FE&8A) formal approval of the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy (LKdG) plan for the following participating jurisdictions: City of Marathon Utility Board of Key West, KEYS Energy Services The plan has been approved for a period of five (5)years and will expire again on January 19, 2026. The Mitigation Planning Unit would like to thank you for all of your hard work. It has been a pleasure working with you and we look forward to serving you in the future. If you have any questions regarding this matter, p|e000 contact your LMS Liaison [an Ohi|im at or850-81S-4316 Respectfully, Miles E. Anderson ���������d/�,�D��~°~q��� u.11.2021m.2309"132o5", Miles EAnderson, Bureau Chief, Mitigation State Hazard Mitigation Officer MEA/|o Attachments: 2/16/21 FEMA Approval Letter for City of Marathon, KEYS Energy Services D IVISION HEADQUARTERS Telephow 850-815-4000 STATE LOGISTICS RESPONSE CENTER IMortnme(�ourity, :UorUda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION v STATE OF FLORIDA DIVISION OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT Ron De3antiis Jared Moskowitz Governor Director February 24,2021 Shannon Weiner, Director Monroe County Emergency Management 490 63rd Street, Suite 150 (Ocean) Marathon, FL 33050 Re: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Approval Notification Dear Director Weiner, Congratulations! The enclosed letter constitutes the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) formal approval of the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) plan for the following participating jurisdictions: City of Key Colony Beach The plan has been approved for a period of five (5)years and will expire again on January 19, 2026. The Mitigation Planning Unit would like to thank you for all of your hard work. It has been a pleasure working with you and we look forward to serving you in the future. If you have any questions regarding this matter, please contact your LMS Liaison Ian Ohlin at Ian.Ohl iin(cbom.myfloriida.com or 850-815-4316 Respectfully, 1141ally s19ned SY IMilc,E.Andersam, Miles Anderson "Ne'l lie.i.E.Andersaei. DE ,au I,�caaIon, r�mnul=AAiles.anelee�ac nrnrm myGlmrlUa ran,,c=415 Date:2021.02.26 95A5:45�05'00 Miles E.Anderson, Bureau Chief, Mitigation State Hazard Mitigation Officer MEA/io Attachments: 2/22/211 FEMA Approval Letter for City of Key Colony Beachl D IVISION HEAD QUARTERS Telephone.850-81.5-4000 STATE LOGISTICS RESPONSE CENTER 2555 5humard Oak Boulevard www.FIcndzaDisnatler.orq 2702 Directors Row Tall a hassee, FL 32349-2100 Orlando, FL 32809-5631 I ort11oe(� oauVit , 'I oIVlcola Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1300 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION v STATE OF FLORIDA DIVISION OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT Ron De3antiis Jared Moskowitz Governor Director March 25,2021 Shannon Weiner, Director Monroe County Emergency Management 490 63rd Street, Suite 150 (Ocean) Marathon, FL 33050 Re: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Approval Notification Dear Director Weiner, Congratulations! The enclosed letter constitutes the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) formal approval of the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) plan for the following participating jurisdictions: City of Key West The plan has been approved for a period of five (5)years and will expire again on January 19, 2026. The Mitigation Planning Unit would like to thank you for all of your hard work. It has been a pleasure working with you and we look forward to serving you in the future. If you have any questions regarding this matter, please contact your LMS Liaison Ian Ohlin at Ian.Ohl iin(cbom.myfloriida.com or 850-815-43116. Respectfully, Lligital ly sigined by Miles E Anderson ON:- MI...E.Md o=oEM, Miles E. Anderson - C�a ar, ma i M d so t myvl uua,m , =N5 Uotee:202.1,03.,29 1 p;07:3$-04'0,0' Miles E.Anderson, Bureau Chief, Mitigation State Hazard Mitigation Officer MEA/io Attachments: 3/22/211 FEMA Approval Letter for City of Key West D IVISION HEAD QUARTERS Telephone.850-81.5-4000 STATE LOGISTICS RESPONSE CENTER 2555 5humard O,ak Boulevard www.FIcndzaDisn3er.orq 2702 Directors Row Tall a hassee, FL 32349-2100 Orlando, FL 32809-5631 IM drtioet,IouVii'y,,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1301 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION .,.,MA , I� f STATE OF FLORIDA DIVISION OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT Ron De Santis Jared Moskowitz Governor Director April 5, 2021 Shannon Weiner, Director Monroe County Emergency Management 490 63rd Street, Suite 150 (Ocean) Marathon„ FL 33050 Re: Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Approval Notification Dear Director Weiner, Congratulations! The enclosed letter constitutes the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) formal approval of the Monroe (County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) plan for the following participating jurisdictions: Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority The plan has been approved for a period of five (5) years and will expiire again on January 19, 2026. The Mitigation Planning Unlit would like to thank you for all of your hard work. It has been a pleasure working with you and we look forward to serving you in the future. If you have any questions regarding this matter, please contact your LMIS Liaison Ian Ohlin at Ian.Ohlin em.m florida.com or 850-815-431''6 Respectfully, ��t Dfgrtallysigned by Vile,E.Anderson Miles E. Anderson ...Dry Ves.andrd a,pEM Mn,c-,Ai©n il ktiiles.anders©m,-em�.myflanda com,c=��US DAf:2021.04D616.59,46 e1 Miles E.Anderson, Bureau Chief, Mitigation State Hazard Mlitigation Officer MEA/io Attachments:4/2/21 FEMA Approval Letter for Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority DIVISIO N HEAD QUARTERS Telephone:850-815-4000 STATE LOGISTICS RESPONSE CENTER 2555 Shumard Oak Boulevard vmw.IFlcridaDisaster.orn 2702 Directors Row Tailahassee, FL 32399-2100 Orlando, FL 32809-5631 I orlaoe t�ouiuul'y,II°Io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 13021 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION RESOLUTION NO. 003 2021 A RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF' MONROE COUNTY,FLORIDA,ADOPTING THE 2020 UPDATE OF THE LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY AS REQUIRED BY STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS TO QUALIFY FOR CERTAIN MITIGATION GRANT FUNDING WHEREAS, Monroe County adopted a Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) in 1999„ an update in 2005,an update in 20 10;and an update in 2015;and WHEREAS, Monroe County and the cities of Key West, Key Colony Beach, Layton, Islamorada,and Marathon have experienced hurricanes and other natural hazard events that pose risks to public health and safety and which may cause serious property damage;and WHEREAS,the Robert'l'.Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Management Act,as amended by the Disaster Mitigation,Act of 2000, requires local jurisdictions to adopt mitigation plans in order to be eligible for post-disaster and pre-disaster grants to implement certain mitigation projects-,and WHEREAS, pursuant to Florida Administrative Code Section 27P-22, the County and municipalities must have a formal LMS Working Group and the LMS Working Group must review and update the LMS every five years in order to niaintain eligibility for mitigation grant programs; and WHEREAS, the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994, the Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004,as amended,require local jurisdictions to adopt a mitigation to be eligible for grants to implement certain flood mitigation projects;and WHEREAS, the planning process required by the State of Florida and the Federal Emergency Management Agency offers the opportunity to consider natural hazards and!risks and to identify mitigation actions to reduce future impacts of such hazards;and WHEREAS, the State of Florida has provided federal mitigation funds to support the development of the,Local Mitigation Strategy;and WHEREAS, the 2020 Update of the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy was revised by the I MS Working Group composed of representatives of Monroe County,the cities of Key. West, Key Colony Beach, Layton, Islamorada, and Marathon, utilities, and a number of nonprofit organizations have reviewed and updated the LW and WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS Update identifies mitigation initiatives that will improve the process used to identify and manage mitigation initiatives intended to minimize and reduce safety threats and damage to private and public property;and IMortiroe Courtty,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1303, SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS Update was made available to the public and public meetings were held on June 18, September 2,November 10,and November 25,2020,to solicit questions and comments and to present the LMS;and WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS Update was submitted to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and FEMA for review and minor revisions were made in response to comments;final approval by the State and FEMA will be issued after the LMS is adopted. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF MONROE COUNTY,FLORIDA,that: I. The 2020 LMS Update is adopted as an official plan of Monroe County, Florida, contingent upon approval by the State and FEMA. 2. Any initiative identified in the 2020 LMS Update shall be subject to,and contingent upon,budget approval,if required,which shall be at the discretion of the Board of County Commissioners,and this resolution shall not be interpreted so as to mandate any sucli appropriations. 3. The Monroe County Emergency Management Department is directed to coordinate with appropriate County departments and to perform the annual report requirements set firth in the Florida Administrative Code Chapter 27P-22.004. 4. The Clerk is directed to snail copies of this resolution to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and the Federal Emergency Management Agency's Region IV Office. This resolution shall become effective upon the date of its adoption. PASSED AND ADOPTED by the Board of County Commissioners of Monroe County,this 20th day of January 2021. Mayor Michelle Coldiron Yes Mayor ProTem David Rice Yes Commissioner Craig Cates Yes Commissioner Eddie Martinez Yes ,onimissioner Mike Forster Y.e.s....................... BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONEWG ST:KEVIN FADOK,CLERK OF MONROE. BY Aln2�� BV Sz As Deputy Clerk Mayor Michelle Coldiron E COUNTY ATTORN s FOMA A 9 S I SQMW�'CATTU�EY M.ortiroe Courtty,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION RESOLUTION NO.2021-02 A RESOLUTION OF',rHE CITY COMMISSION OF'THE CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH,FLORIDA ADOPTING THE 2020 UPDATE OF THE LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY AS REQUIRED BY STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS TO QUALIFY FOR CERTAIN MITIGATION GRANT FUNDING. WHEREAS,Monroe County adopted a Local Mitigation Strategy(L.MS)in 1999,an update in 2005,and an update in 2010,and an update in 2015;and WHEREAS,Monroe County and the cities of Key West,Key Colony Beach,Layton, Islainorada,and Marathon have experienced burricanes and other natural hazard events that pose risks to public health and safety and which may cause serious property damage;and WHEREAS,the Robert T.Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Management Act,as amended by the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000,require local jurisdictions to adopt mitigation plans in order to be eligible for post-disaster and pre-disaster grants to iniplernent certain mitigation projects-,and WHEREAS,pursuant to Florida Administrative Code Section 27P-22,the County and municipalities must have a formal LMS Working Group and the LMS Working Group must review and update the LMS every five years in order to maintain eligibility for mitigation grant programs;and WHEREAS,the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994,the Flood Insurance Reforin Act of 2004,as amended,require local jurisdictions to adopt a mitigation to be eligible for grants to implement certain flood mitigation projects;and WHEREAS,the planning process required by the State of Florida.and.the Federal Ernergency Management Agency offers the opportunity to consider natural hazards and risks and to identify mitigation actions to reduce future impacts of such hazards;and WHEREAS,the State of Florida has provided federal mitigation funds to support the development of the Local Mitigation Strategy;and WHEREAS,the 2020 Update of the Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy was revised by the LMS Working Group,composed of representatives of Monroe County,the cities of Key West,Key Colony Beach,Layton,Islamorada,and Marathon,utilities and a number of nonprofit organizations have reviewed and updated the LMS;and WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS Update identifies mitigation initiatives that will improve the process used to identify and manage mitigation initiatives intended to minimize and reduce safety threats and darnage to private and public property;and WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS Update was made available to the public and a public meeting was held on January 14,2021,to solicit questions and conunents and to present the LMS-,and fkftr iroe Coi ruty, :Iorlda Multi-jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS Update was submitted to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and FEMA for review and minor revisions were made in response to comments; final approval by the State and FEMA will be issued after the LMS is adopted. NOW,THEREFORE,BE IT RESOLVED BY THE BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS OF KEY COLONY BEACH,MONROE COUNTY,FLORIDA,that: 1. The 2020 LMS Update is adopted as an official plan of Monroe County,Florida, contingent upon approval by the State and FEMA, 2. Any initiative identified in the 2020 LMS Update shall be subject to,and contingent Upon,budget approval,if required,which shall be at the discretion of the Board of Commissioners,and this resolution shall not be interpreted so as to mandate any such appropriations. 3, The Monroe County Emergency Management Department is directed to coordinate with appropriate County departments and to perform the annual report requirements set forth in the Florida Administrative Code Chapter 27P-22.004 The Clerk is directed to mail copies of this resolution to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and the Federal Emergency Management Agency's Region IV Office. This resolution shall become effective upon the date of its adoption, PASSED AND ADOPTED by the Board of Commissioners of Key Colony Beach, Monroe County,Florida,at a regular meeting of said board held on February 11,2021. Mayor Ronald Suttonls Vice-Mayor Patricia Trefiy Commissioner Kathryn McCullough Commissioner John DeNeale Commissioner Thomas Harding ow%li 11111noo". o 9*�...... COMMISSION OF KEYCOLONY BEACH MONROE COUNTY FLORIDA W 10740 an St WX up By: kc svit '3i-ayor k"onaId_4Zt"ton (SEAL) ATTEST: REBECCA TODD,CITY CLERK By:,- City Clerk M.ortiroe Courtty, :Iorlda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION i t RESOLUTION NO. 21-02' A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF KEY 'WEST, FLORIDA, ADOPTING THE 2020 LiPD= OF THE LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY AS REQUIRED BY STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS Two QUALIFY FOR CERTAIN MITIGATION GRAM FUNDING. YMERESA , the Ney West uw.°d,tyr '';oturrnaissionITa arae'dop ti uJ as Local Ela.kigaat .i.c`uua :,traadegy d, MS1 :in 1uat9, an up;uedat:e: in flG;dtl,pra, and .an aaduAte an 2014' a t u c°d H&:aRi.L,.l, ttn.arar ce C'ramt y and the +r:1t a e na of Key Ne d:., Key t a'a.l aaray Beach, Layton, s I arrar.,a:acdaa, and M a rat hmi have ey r d c nc e d t d'auur a. acanes and other eaatuaaaJ hazaai d events s that druas,e risks to 1 y( public health aardi safety and which may cause serious property adwmarype, and MIE'1&ad"AS, 'd',:hE, Rya:'bert:. T. ,Stafford Disa.ter 1yelief and Drtera~percy anaeyarmaent Act as arMt&'alaaded by the d.uaa>arster.' dy;utrudaution Act of 2'000, requires local jurisdictions to, asdc:pt mrut gat_1.c`n plans :in order R.ar be ,ad.igil.)Ie for daeksi._dls,-a.:tfi,?r and pre-disaster grants to u.ruaR:a4.rarttre,nt ,errd.as i.r¢ ma s u g at i c°)n pca n (-',tch::: , aau"au:d a 4addik°SkESatS, pursuant Lo 'du"dcar, a.a,laa B1Arriin!stravativev tN.aJe Cke tst:um :rpd;,W_ 22, the 4":`ccttr'ar.,y and tgrtuucusc ip:a<alitles ama.as L have a t'o�rrtuua.l d.,p S Wo rF d nal J t'Aroupa and the d.,MSS Working eat a+up"wus.at. review and update the INS 1 Page I cct 4 j, Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1307 x SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION every five years in order to maintain eligibl]ity foT mitigation grant program= and WHEREAO the NationA.Flood IfaSUrance Peform Act of 1994, the Flc)od Insurance Refarm Act of 2004, as amwked, require local jurisdictions to ado" a mitiqMimi to be VioYle for qramts to implerri.ent (,',ertain rytitigat an pr(, )(-"ct's; and II WHEREAS, the planning process requKed by the State of FlmAdai and the Federal Enorgena, Management Agency offers the i;)pf,.)ortunity to consider ivatural liazaids and xisks and tc,, .id entm.fy miLlgat-Jorr actions to xeMxe fuWrerg irrLpacts of such hazards, and WHEREAS, tht'., State of Florida has ;wovided federal rrdtigat-i= funds to support the development of the Loc,!al Mi't.'�gatjan Strategy; and W[IEREAS, the 21020 Up&Me of the Monroe County Locol Mitigation Strategy was ievi5ed by t h e LMS Working Group composed of xepreswAmtives of Monroe County, t y West, Key Colony Beach, Layton, Islanmrada, arid Marathon, and a nw5ex of rmnprof1t oyganizaUons have xwviewed and updated the IMS; and WHEREAS, t t)e 2D20 LMS Update iden"fies Mi tigminin initiatives that will impiove the ;)recess used to idwRify and marrage rnitigatJon init. iitives intended to mirtirnize arid reduce sate,ty tY-nY.eats amJ dwmage to private and public property; armed Paa 2 of 4 M.ortiroe Cotlrtty,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION WHEREAS, the 2020 LMS Update was made avajlat le to the and as pubi ic. mo.,,eting was held on June 18, Septenibet 2, Navemi,)(--,x 1,0, ancl November 25, 2020, 1-0 sol icit (JU(""Stions and conlrnent,�, and to present the LMS; and WHEREAS, the 202C) LMS, Up dat e was, subm i t t",e,d t:c �Lhf Fla r ida Divusion of Ernergenc�y Management and FEMA for revpew and minoi 11C r,cvisions wer(,,, mi,,ide in xf,�spcm.,,e tc, cammen�ls; f.,inal appinval. ]��,,y t State and FEMA will be after the LMS is adopted. NOW, THERETO RE, BE 17' RESOLV!',[) BY THE CTTY COMMrSSION OF THE CITY OF KEY WE'ST, FF,0RrD1\, e C t j,ci 1) 1, The 2020 LMS Update is adoptled as an official plan of the C I ity of Key West, FlorLcia, C'N)I'Itinqea It U[:)OH dp)JA.C)Vcil by the State and FEMA, ,,ection 2: Any inAtiative iclentitied in the 2020 LMS ................... Update, shadl be subject to, and contingent uper , budget approval, i f re qu i rx'"zi, wh i ch shal I t�e a t the disc,retion of the Ci ty Cccmmission of the City of Key West, and t.his iesoLuticm Shall nuL be i.nterpieted so as to raaru date any such appiopriations. Ction 3. Th e M o n r c)e C c7 a n t y Emergency M a na g erm.,,ri t Lie p a r t iv e j u t is directed Lo coordindte with apj::rc)px,i.ata County departmients and to perform the, annual report requiretnents set forth in the Florida Adn[.i.njsLi.aLive Code Chaj;tcl 27P-22.0CA. Page 3 of 4 M.ollive Cot�llty,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION t,i c r� 4 The cl ex 1- is di rected to mai I ca pies d,-)f this ............. r,e-solution to, the F.Icrida ldvisia:m of Emergency Managernent and the Federal. Emeigency Management Agencys Regi�¢>n IV Office. se�fticn 5: Tha t t h i P, Reso 1,ut Juan sha 1-1 go Lnto effect danediately upon its passage and wloj° ticm and authentication fz,+y the signature the pxesiding officer anci Clerk of the, CoRMU I S 5.1,0 1� Passed and adopted by the city cornmission at a meeting held this 2ridl a,jay March 2 Authenti(,.*,attd by the prosiding officer, and (,'.I,erk of the C.omrriiss-ion on - Mauch,3 2021, Fiied with the Clei.,k March 3 2021 Mayor Teri Johnson Yes Virce Mayor Sam Kautmar Yes Commissioner Gregor'y Davila Yes Commissionjer Mary Lou Hoover Yea Comn�.s.sloner Clayton Lolmr,',z Yes Bi.11y Watdl.r�w Yes Comnissioner Jimny Weekj Yes QI 'II A-1 TMA�YIIOR ATTEST: (,'LERF 4 of 4 fkftr:iroe Couruty,Florida Multi-jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION RESOLUTION NO.2021-01-01 APPROVAL OF A RESOLUTION TO ADOPT THE 2020 UPDATE OF THE LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY AS REQUIRED BY STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS TO QUALIFY FOR CERTAIN MITIGATION GRANT FUNDING. WHEREAS,City of Layton adopted a Local Mitigation Strategy(LMS)in 1999,an update in 2005,and an update in 2010 and 2015 WHEREAS,Monroe County and the cities of Key West,Key Colony Beach,Layton, Islamorada,and Marathon have experienced hurricanes and other natural hazard events that pose risks to public health and safety and which may cause serious property damage-,and WHEREAS,the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Management Act,as arnended by the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000,require local jurisdictions to adopt mitigation plans in order to,be eligible for post-disaster and pre-disaster grants to implement certain mitigation projects;and WHEREAS,pursuant to Florida Administrative Code Section 27P-22,the County and municipalities must have a formal LMS Working Group and the LMS Working Group must review and update the LMS every five years in order to maintain eligibility for mitigation grant programs;and WHEREAS,the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994,the Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004„as amended,require local jurisdictions to adopt a mitigation to be eligible for grants to implement certain flood mitigation projects; and WHEREAS,the planning process required by the State of Florida and the Federal Emergency Management Agency offers the opportunity to consider natural hazards and risks and to identify mitigation actions to reduce future impacts of such hazards;and WHEREAS,the State of Florida has provided federal mitigation funds to support the development of the Local Mitigation Strategy;and WHEREAS,the 2020 Update of the City of Layton Local Mitigation Strategy was revised by the LMS Working Group composed of representatives of Monroe County,the cities of Key West, Key Colony Beach,Layton,Islamorada,and Marathon,and a number of nonprofit organizations have reviewed and updated the LMS;and WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS Update identifies mitigation initiatives that will improve the process used to identify and manage mitigation initiatives intended to minimize and reduce safety threats and damage to private and public property;and WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS Update was made available to the public and a public meetings were held on July 7,2020 and Novernber 23,2020 to solicit questions and comments and to present the LMS;and M.ortiroe Courtty, :Iorlda Multi-jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS Update was Submitted to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and FEMA for review and minor revisions were made in response to comments; final approval by the State and FEMA will be issued after the LMS is adopted, NOW,THEREFORE,BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF LAYTON,FLORIDA,that: L The 2020 LMS Update is adopted as an official plan of the City Council of Layton, Florida,contingent upon approval by the State and FEMA. 1 Any initiative identified in the 2020 LMS Update shall be subject to,and contingent upon,budget approval,if required,which shall be at the discretion of the Board of County Commissioners,and this resolution shall not be interpreted so as to mandate any such appropriations. 3. The Emergency Management Department is directed to coordinate with appropriate City departments and to perform the annual report requirements set forth in the Florida Administrative Code Chapter 27P-22.004 The Clerk is directed to mail copies of this resolution to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and the Federal Emergency Management Agency's Region IV Office. This resollution shall become effective upon the date of its adoption. PASSED AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of'Layton,Florida,at a regular meeting of said board held on January 14,2021 Councilman Yesenia Diaz Yes Vice Mayor Greg Lewis Yes Councilman Philip Porter Not present Councilwoman Cynthia Lewis Yes Councilwoman Susan Grant Yes Z� By: Bruce Halle,Mayor On behalf of the Council Mimi Young,Cit e k" Ma rtiroe Courtty,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1312 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION Sponsored by; Gyarrett CITY OF MARATHON,FI,ORIDA RESOIXTION 2021-10 A RESOIXTION OF Tim CITY COUNCII., Of' THE CITY OF MARATHON, FLORIDA, ADOPTING THE 2020 UPDATE OF THE LOCAL, MITIGATION STRATEGY AS REQUIRED BY STATE AND FEDERAI, REGULATIONS TO QUALIFY FOR CERTAIN MITIGATION GRANT FUNDING; PROVIDING FOR AN EFFECTIVE DATE. WHEREAS, the City of Marathon Council adopted a Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) update in 2005,an update in 2011,and an update in 2015;and WHEREAS, Monroe County and the cities ofKcy West, Key Colony Beach, [,,ayton, Islarriorada,and Marathon have experienced hurricanes and other natural hazard events that pose risks to public health and safety and which may cause serious property damage-,and WHEREAS, the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Management Act,as amended by the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, requires local jurisdictions to adopt mitigation plans in order to be eligible for post-disaster and pre-disaster grants to implement certain mitigation projects;and WHEREAS, pursuant to Florida Administrative Code Section 27P-22, the County and municipalities must have a formal 1,MS Working Group and the[,MS Working Group must review and update the LMS every five years in order to maintain eligibility for mitigation grant programs; and WHEREAS, the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994, the Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004,as amended,require local jurisdictions to adopt a mitigation to be eligible A)r grants to implement certain flood mitigation projects;and WHEREAS, the planning process required. by the State of Florida and the Federal l tnergency Management Agency offers the opportunity to consider natural hazards,and risks and to identify mitigation actions to reduce future impacts of such hazards-,and WHEREAS, the State of Florida has provided foderal mitigation funds to support the development of the 1,ocat Mitigation Strategy;and WHEREAS, the 2020 Update of the Monroe County focal Mitigation Strategy was revised by the L.MS Working Group composed of representatives of Monroe County,the cities of Key West, Key Colony Beach, l,ayton, Islamorada, and Marathon, and a number of nonprofit organizations have reviewed and updated the 1,MS-1 and IMortiroe Cot rtty,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS Update identifies mitigation initiatives that will improve the process used to identify and manage mitigation initiatives intended to minimize and reduce safety threats and damage to private and public property;and 'WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS Update was made available to the public and working group meetings were held on June 18"2020,September 2 nd 2020,November 10 2020,and November 25"'2020,to solicit questions and comments and to present the LMS;and WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS Update was submitted to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and FEMA for review-,final approval by the State and FFI'MA will be issued after the LMS is adopted. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF MARATHON,FLORIDA,that: Section 1: The 2020 LMS Update is adopted as shown in "Exhibit A" as an official plan of The City of Marathon,Florida,contingent upon approval by the State and FEMA. Section 2: Any initiative identified in the 2020 LMS Update shall be subject to, and contingent upon,budget approval,if required,which shall he at the discretion of the City Council of the City of Marathon, and this resolution shall not be interpreted so as to mandate any such appropriations. Section 3: The Monroe County Emergency Management Department is, directed to coordinate with appropriate County departments and to perform the annual report requirements set forth in the Florida Administrative Code Chapter 27P-22.004. Section 4: That this Resolution shall go into effect immediately upon its passage and adoption and authentication by the signature of the presiding officer and Clerk of the Council. Section 5: The Clerk is directed to mail copies of this resolution to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and the Federal Emergency Management Agency's Region IV Office. PASSED AND APPROVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE 'CITY OF MARATHON,FLORIDA,THIS 9TH DAY Of FEBRUARY 2021. THE CITY OF MARATHON,FLORIDA Luis Gonzalez,Mbyo�) AYES: Bartus,Cook,Senmartin,Zieg,Gonzalez N 0 FS: None ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None 1M.ortiroe Cot�rtty, :Iorlda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1314 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION ATTEST: Diane Clavier,City Clerk (City Sul) APPROVED AS TO FORM AND LEGALITY FOR THE USE AND REUANCE OF THE CITY OF MARATHON FLOW DA ONLY: Steven T.Williams,City Attorney M.ortiroe Courtty,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION RESOLUTION NO.21-02-10 A RESOLUTION OF THE VILLAGE COUNCIL OF ISLAMORADA, VILLAGE OF ISLANDS,FLORIDA,ADOPTING THE 2020 UPDATE TO THE LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY AS REQUIRED BY STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS IN ORDER TO QUALIFY FOR CERTAIN MITIGATION GRANT FUNDING; AND PROVIDING FOR AN EFFECTIVE DATE WHEREAS,the Village Council of Islamoracla,Village of Islands,(the"Village")adopted a Local Mitigation Strategy(LMS)in 1999,with updates to the ILMS in 2005,2011 and 2015;and WHEREAS,the Village Ihas experienced hurricanes and other natural and human-caused hazardous events that pose risks to public health and safety and which may cause serious property damage;and WHEREAS, the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, as amended by the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, requires local jurisdictions to adopt a mitigation plan in order to be eligible for post-disaster and pre-disaster grants to implement certain mitigation projects;and WHEREAS, the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994 and the Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004, as amended, require local jurisdictions to adopt a mitigation plan, in order to be eligible for grants to implement certain flood mitigation projects;and WHEREAS,pursuant to Florida Administrative Code Section 27P-22,Monroe County(the "County") must have a formal LMS Working Group and the LMS Working Group must review and update the LMS every five (5) years in order to maintain eligibility for mitigation grant programs;and IMortiroe Courtty,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION BOARD OF DIRECTORS, FLORIDA KEYS AQUEDUCTAUTHORITY AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY AGENDA ITEM: OOC-03 TAa- CONSENT; F171 REGULAR: El MEETING DATE: February 23,2021 Office of Counsel DIVISION: AGENDA TITLE: Consideration to approve Resolution#21-w,adopting the Monroe County 2020 Local Mitigation Strategy as required by state and federal regulations to qualify for certain mitigation grant funding. ITEM BACKGROUND: The FKAA service area experiences lhurricanes and other natural hazard events that pose risks to public health and safety and may cause serious property damage.The FKAA staff continue to identify Mitigation actions to reduce future impacts of such hazards.The Robert T.Stafford Disaster Rellefand Emergency Management Act,as amended by the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000„requires local jurisdictions to adopt mitigation plans to be eligible for disaster-related grants to implement certain mitigation projects. In 2020 Monroe County completed updating the Local Mitigation Strategy,pursuant to FAC Section 27P-22, PREVIOUS RELEVANT ACTION BY FKAA BOARD OF DIRECTOR The Board of Directors adopted Monroe County's 2015 Local Mitigation Strategy through resolution #18-01 STAFF RECOMMENDATION(MOTION): FKAA Board of Directors Approve Resolution#21-02 adopting the Monroe County 2020 local Mitigation Strategy as required by state and federal regulations to qualify for certain mitigation grant funding. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: DOCUMENTATION- Included: i If I To-Follow Not Required! El Cost to FKAA $ BUDGETED: Yes 0 No Cost to Others: $ Total Cost; DEPARTMENT: Executive Robert T. DEPARTMENT MANAGER APPROVAL: Feldman EESr— RTF Kerry PJMM"d by: internal Auditor "—Meneral Counsel: Executive Director Shgiby Diwl*2=15 --t"M BOARD ACTION: Approved: Tabled:n Disapproved:C1 Recommendation Revised:y Date:A6U*A4"A—' Recording Clerkc3i r- M.ortiroe Coturtty,,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION FLORIDA KEYS AQUEDUCT AUTHORITY RESOLUTION 21-02 A RESOLUT ION OF THE FLORIDA KEYS AQUEDUCT AUTHORITY ADOPTING THE MONROE COUNTY 2020 LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY AS REQUIRED BY STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS TO QUALIFY FOR CERTAIN MITIGATION GRANT FUNDING. WHEREAS,the Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority is an Independent Special District of the State of Florida created'by special legislation.Chapter 76.-441 Laws of Florida, as amended, charged with providing water and wastewater service in Monroe County, Florida;and WHEREAS,the Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority is the water service provider for the Florida Keys in Monroe County,Florida,supplying potable water to residents while providing reclaimed water and wastewater services in select areas;and WHEREAS,the Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority service areas have experienced hurricanes and other natural hazard events that pose risks to public health and safety and which may cause serious property damage,-.and WHEREAS,the Robert T.Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Management Act,as amended by the Disaster Mitigation Act of 20010, requires local jurisdictions to adopt mitigation plans in order to be eligible for post-disaster and pie-disaster grants to implement certain mitigation projects;and WHEREAS,pursuant to Florida Administrative Code Section 27P-22,MonrocCounty must have a formal Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) Working Group and the LMS Working Group must review and update the LMS every five years in order to maintain eligibility for mitigation grant, programs,and WHEREAS,the National Flood Insurance Reforin Act of1994; the Florida Insurance Reform Act of 2004, as amended, require local jurisdictions to adopt a mitigation plan to be eligible for grants to implement certain flood mitigation projects;and WHEREAS, the planning process required by the State of Florida and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) offers the opportunity to consider natural hazards and risks and tt) identify mitigation actions to reduce future impacts of such hazards;and WHEREAS, the State of Florida has provided federal mitigation funds to support the development of the LMS,and WHEREAS,the 2020 update of the Monroe County LMS was reviewed and reViscd by the I,MS Working Group composed of representatives of Monroe County, the cities of Key West, Key Colony Beach, Layton, Islamorada and Marathon,as well as non-profit organizations and private citizens;and M.ortiroe Cot rtty, :Iorlda Multi-jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION NOW,THEREFORE BE IT R-ESOIVED,that the Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority Board of Directors does hereby: Section 1:Adopt the 2020 I.MS Update as an official plan of the Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority., contingent upon approval by the State and TEMA. Section 2:Any initiative identified in the 2020 LMS shall be subject to,and Contingent upon, budget approval,if required,which shall be at the discretion of the Board of Directors of the Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority,and this Resolution shall not be interpreted so as to mandate any such appropriations. Section 3:fhat the Executive Office of the Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority is directed to mail copies of this Resolution to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and the Federal Emergency Management Agency's Regional IV Office. This Resolution shall go into effect immediately upon the date of its adoption. (CORPORATE SEAL)ATTEST F1,0P,1DA KEYS AQUEDUCTAUTHORrry Ci David CP.Rit7,7Secretary/Tr user ean,Chaitr f� M.ortiroe Courtty,Florida Multi-jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION A RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE FLORIDA KEYS ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION,INC.,ADOPTING THE 2020 UPDATE OF THE LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY AS REQUIRED BY STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS TO QUALIFY FOR CERTAIN MITIGATION GRANT FUNDING WHEREAS, Florida Keys Electric Cooperative Association, Inc., adopted a Local Mitigation Strategy(LMS)in 2018;and WHEREAS, the service territory of Florida Keys Electric Cooperative Association, Inc., has experienced hurricanes and other natural hazard events that pose risks to public health and safety and which. may cause serious property damage;and WHEREAS,the Robert 7 Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Management Act,as amended by the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000,requires local jurisdictions to adopt mitigation plans in order to be eligible for post-disaster and pre-disaster grants to implement certain mitigation projects;and WHERAS,pursuant to Florida Administrative Code Section'2711-22 the County and municipalities must have a fonnal LMS Working;Group and the LMS Working Group must review and update the LMS every five years in order to maintain eligibility for mitigation grant programs;and WHEREAS,the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994,the Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004,as amended,„require local jurisdictions to adopt a mitigation to be eligible for grants to implement certain Flood mitigation projects;and WHEREAS, the planning process required by the State of Florida and the Federal Emergency Management Agency offers the opportunity to consider natural hazards and risks and to identify mitigation. actions to reduce future impacts of such hazards,and WHEREAS,the State of Florida has provided federal mitigation funds to support the development. of the Local.Mitigation.Strategy;and WHEREAS,the 2020 Update of the Monroe County Local Mitigation.Strategy was revised by the LMS Working Croup composed of representatives of Monroe County,the cities of Key West,Key Colony Beach,Layton„Islamorada,and Marathon„utilities,and a number of nonprofit organizations have reviewed and updated the LMS;and WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS update identifies mitigation initiatives that will improve the process used to identify and manage mitigation initiatives intended to minimize and reduce safety threats and. damage to private and public property;and WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS update was made available to the public and public meetings were held on June'18, September 2,November 10,and.November 25,2020,to solicit questions and comments and to present the LMS;and WHEREAS, the 2020 LMS Update was submitted to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and FEM.A for review and minor revisions were made in response to comments;final approval by the State and FEMA will be issued after the LMS is adopted. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE FLORIDA KEYS ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION,INC.,that: Dmument Ref,QA3UP TBQVVX G4GYTV-YTXGX7_ Page 1 of 2. M.ortiroe Cfa1R11rtty,,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION Section 1: The 2020 LIVIS Update is adopted as an official plan of the Florida Keys Electric Cooperative Association, Inc.,contingent upon approval by the State and FEMA. Section 2: Any initiative identified in the 2020 L.MS shall be subject to, and contingent upon, budget approval,if required,which shall be at the discretion of the Board of Directors of the Florida Keys Electric Cooperative Association, Inc,,and this Resolution shall not be interpreted so as to mandate any such appropriations. Section 3:That the Executive Assistant of the Florida Keys Electric Cooperative Association,Inc., is directed to mail cop,ics of this Resolution to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and the Federal Emergency Managcnicrut Agency's Regional IV Office, Section 4:That this Resolution shall go into effect inurnediately upon its passage and adoption and authentication by signature of the Secretary of the Board of Directors of the Florida Keys Electric Cooperative Association,Inc. IN WITNESS WHEREOF t have bercunto set my band and affixed the sea] of the Cooperative this 25"'day of January,2021. Gretchen Holland,Secretary Dowment Rat QA3UP-TBQWX-G4YTV-YTXGX Page 2 of:2; M.ortiroe Cot�rtty,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION a,Iir,ul,ally,aar,nxrrGautr,1,r,n,,,�n,u�urrm,mi,lr,In,i,dtrr,.nr,xre«Irrillbufu„rl,r morn,J✓,�re>l�,uiu�n�m�rola,rufaaurat,1.lurivrxnlru,u,,rttrrwarrnr�nx„cur"Nimddnnruaurara,Inifmuxr�crc�huuautrulrmNetfmrr>'niaa,ka,sl,rr,rnrdrlrran,rirr,l4+iln,rnva,f(�vvrxxYltr>turns"im�rrw�inrm�Nmnw�arm,�anflri�rr/aa.�o„•✓�. f 'f ........ _.m ...m ...__ M I Ir , f Signature certificate 1i fi �F Dc.]c:wuc cmt, Rof," QQA3UP-TBQWX-G4YTV-YTXGX yw�wNu.wiw Hwl iurb V:w� : �r " Gretchen Holland 2/' fkeysgretch@aol.com f; C � r� ri1���J .. ,, , DOCLflnent c(��Ii npPw-wed hays a- parfles, oII°II ' 25,Jan 2021 18:02:49 UTC Ir, age aaf'V f J rr, f,6Y, Ld «r r r Ic,A,,r r a�w r diV rF n �fSr i"rce, ���✓/irJ r�a�I 1' Ix✓r'p lye � P 7t�,r�tl i fzN;q err l r, �w J,UIlJ11111J��JJJllI,I,U° id n �;�d Ie v �G� w�llirl l ParldaQo�C ImattlGwll l l l ihA d laos G yruMGk� ❑� .� I';�fr`r,� 1111����������111111111111�1 r ,r a � If ,� S..C11'114�:47:101�Ii Pd'raC�;rI,VG3 �.Itiw a41,Cf„N,IIx=6'idYll"r+�iY�r'UVi1'yn Y� I;P«.�Ill�r-YiG`�`�. ❑� lad r� f� l�"f r r a �r r«sir m�,i✓„,rr rr a„ra�N✓ar mr,n r✓m rr ro�iui n.,rz�xa ar r ri,m.,ar«rr�.-r u�r,r an,r a,iii m,n i n✓oa r,mix m,rm«r a rr,x,n,or r�,«>,�n rum«rw ui,vi m,m rcv�„o��,rrr�n rr/i aaa«nr na rr rr nr�r?r «r,w ru r a,«r„n a,,,; I A!J!!!Ar,IL,9r«I7 411(rJ1 ffJl Nk,/F,,,f PP/✓✓//«ff Ar//p/,rr 41«I„4 f ll(!!!,J///«PKwr LJIu,'„r1 W!�'!11 F/�N(P!a'/r/Jll H,,Jll 1 PN/k'F'!Ff FiV d(!J«lF«r(!d"JNd 4(ti,11,114V�a1J!!Ul/d(,Nld,fJ{n/////Il II!„;,1~eW!((fff/H,,N,LN,1 7,'FIr(JA W'rV,/l,INF'«N 1{Ilf,',Mk„Iff U./„d!(Yda;,4,t;,a ib Ik4ortive C::wuuuG' m Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 13221 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION RE OdILMO NO. 21-Q A RESOLUTION OF THE UTILITY BOARD OF THE CITY OF KEY WEST, FLORIDA,ADOPTING THE 2020 UPDATE OF THE LOCAL MITIGATION! STRATEGY,AS REQUIRED BY STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS FOR MITIGATION GRANT FUNDING QUALIFICATION WHEREAS, Monroe County and the cities of Key West, Key Colony Beach, Layton, Islamorada, and Marathon have experienced and are expected to experience hurricanes and other natural hazard events that pose risks to public health and safety and cause serious property damage; and WHEREAS,the Robert T.Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Management Act, as amended by the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, requires local jurisdictions to adopt mitigation plans in order to be eligible for post-disaster and pre-disaster grants to implement certain mitigation projects; and WHEREAS, the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994, as amended, requires local jurisdictions to adopt mitigation plans to be eligible for grants to implement certain flood mitigation projects, and WHEREAS, pursuant to Florida Administrative Code Section 27'P-22, Monroe County and the municipalities in the Florida Keys are required to,convene a formal Local Mitigation Strategy ("LMS") Working Group which reviews and updates the LMS every five years in order to maintain eligibility for mitigation grant programs; and WHEREAS,the planning process required by the State of(Florida and the Federal Emergency Management Agency considers natural hazards and risks and identifies mitigation actions to reduce future impacts of such hazards; and WHEREAS, the State of Florida has provided federal mitigation funds to support the development of the LMS; and WHEREAS, the LMS Working Group, composed of representatives of Monroe County, the cities of Key West, Key Colony Beach, Layton, Marathon, the 'Village of Islamorada, focal utilities, and certain non-profit organizations has revised and updated the Monroe County Local Mitigation,Strategy; and WHEREAS,the 2020 LMS Update identifies strategies to improve the process used to identify and manage mitigation initiatives intended to minimize and reduce safety threats and damage to private and public property; and WHEREAS, the LMS Working Group conducted public meetings on June 18, September 2, November 10, and November 25, 2020, in order to present the 2020 LMIS Update and solicit questions and comments from stakeholders;and WHEREAS, the 2020 LMS Update has been submitted to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and Federal Emergency Management Agency for review, and I orti oe i,otuuul'y,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1323 SECTION 9: PLAN ADOPTION the LMS Working Group anticipates final approval after adoption n[the LMSby the local entities; and WHEREAS, the Utility Board of the City of Key West, Florida d/b/a Keys Energy Services adopted its LMSin201B,and desires Um update its UMSto conform to,the 2O2O LMSUpdate, NVVV THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE UTILITY BOARD OFTHE CITY OF KEY WEST, FLORIDA,that: 1. The 2020 LMS Update iis adopted as an official plain of the Utility Board of the City of Key West, Florida,contingent upon approval &y the State and FEMA. 2. Any initiative identified inthe 2020LMS Update shall be subject to and contingent upon budgetappmuve,l, if required, which shall be made at the discretion of the Utility Board of the Cilty of Key West, Florida. This Resolution shall not be interpreted esa requirement that any such appropriations bemade, 3, The Monroe County Emergency Management Department will coordinate with appropriate County departments tn perform the annual report requirements set forth |m the Florida Administrative Code Chapter Z7P^22.004. 4. The General Manager is directed to mail copies of this resolution to the Florida Division of Emergency Management and the Federal Emergency Management Agency's Region IVOffice. This,resolution shall take effect immediately upon adoption. PASSED AND APPROVED ATA REGULAR MEETING QF THE UTILITY BOARD OFTHE CITY OF KEY WEST, FLORIDA THIS 101m DAY gFFEBRUARY, ]DZ1 (SEAL) APPROVED: ona C.Clark,Chairperson ATTEST: IMortroeComrtty, :Iorlda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 ANNEX A: MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS uu �I� uuul ui lui ui lui ul luluu lu uu uuo luull uuuul uiuu uul Illlluo uuu uuu I IIIIII Ilu hull II I � I I o u ul I I LIotI I I II l I u. iuJllluiliilldliuuuui�llllllllllllllll�uidlll��uuuuiiuiilllllillilu�lllluui lui�llluu��ui iui�llluu�lllluuuui�llllll�uidlll��uidllluililluuuuio�lllluuuio�luuuui�luuui�uuui� The table below lists the LMSWG members who represented Monroe County unincorporated areas. Table . —HMPC Members Representative Agency/Department Karl Bursa Senior Floodplain Administrator, Building Department Judith Clarke Director, Engineering Department Sheryl Graham Senior Director,Social Services Susan Grant Building Inspector/Plans Examiner, Building Department Christine Hurley Assistant County Administrator,County Administration Kevin Wilson Assistant County Administrator,County Administration Lori Lehr Community Rating Systems Consultant,Planning and Environmental Resources Lisa Tennyson Grants Acquisition Director, Legislative Affairs Jeff Manning Senior Planner, Emergency Management Maria Slavik Risk Management Administrator, Risk Management Charles Pattison Executive Director, Monroe County Land Authority Helene Weatherington Director, Disaster Recovery Kevin Wilson Assistant County Administrator,County Administration Mary Wingate Chief of Floodplain Regulatory Operations, Building Department Shannon Weiner Director, Emergency Management uu Il�ui a»»uiuu uu uiu uul uu ul ul uu uuuu uuluuuulu u� loioi luuul uiuu uuuul Ilu uu uuuul I I � IIII II II I I I ul a II I 1 1 1 1 ul l I� >v i 1 I ll I i u u� l iuiillluilillld�uuuuu������������llluuuio�llluuuio��uu�lluu�ui��ui�lluui�uu�llluuuioi�l�uulllluui iui�����uu�iuu�����iuilllll�uulllluililluuuuio��uulllll�uu uuuui uuuuulll����������������������llllllllll Geography Monroe County is the southernmost county in the State of Florida. It is made up of the Florida Keys, a string of tropical islands stretching 120 miles from the southern tip of Florida between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean, and mainland Monroe, located in the southwestern corner of Florida. It is bordered to the north by Collier County,to the east by Miami-Dade County, and to the west by the Gulf of Mexico. Monroe County comprises the Key West Micropolitan Statistical Area. In total, the County comprises a land area of approximately 982 square miles. Monroe County was created on July 3, 1823 as Florida's sixth county; it was named after James Monroe, the fifth president of the United States. Population and Demographics Table A.2 provides population counts and growth estimates for the County's unincorporated areas as compared to the county overall. Table A.3 further details important demographic and social characteristics for the unincorporated areas of the county as compared to the County overall and the State of Florida. M.ortiroe Cot rtu ,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1325� ANNEX A: MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS Tablei nincor rateMonroe 2010-2018 2018 ACS 2000 Census 2010 Census Total Change %Change Jurisdiction Population Population Population 2010-2018 2010-2018 Estimate Unincorporated Monroe County 42,882 39,163 35,329 -3,834 -9.8% Monroe County Total 1 79,5891 73,0901 76,3251 3,235 Source: US Census Bureau Decennial Census 2000,Decennial Census 2010;American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Note:Unincorporated areas statistics calculated by subtracting jurisdiction counts from the county total. TableMonroe County Demographic Summary,2018 Demographic&Social Characteristics Unincorporated Monroe Florida Monroe County County Median Age -- 47.3 41.9 •of Population Under 5 years old 3.9 4.7 5.4 •of population Over 65 years old 19.6 21.3 19.7 •of Population Over 25 with high school diploma 89.8 91.3 88.0 •of Population Over 25 with bachelor's degree or 32.0 33.3 29.2 higher %with Disability 12.2 11.1 13.4 Speak English less than "very well' 10.1 10.2 11.9 Source:US Census Bureau,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Housing Table A.4 details housing unit counts for Monroe County unincorporated areas as compared to the county overall. Overall, housing unit estimates increased by just over four percent in unincorporated Monroe County. However,these counts are calculated by subtracting the estimates of all incorporated areas from the county total estimate, which may skew these numbers. Of the vacant housing units in the unincorporated areas of the County(46 percent), 77 percent are vacant for seasonal or recreational use. Tablei iic , Unincorporated Monroe County,2010-2018 Housing Characteristics Monroe Unincorporated County Monroe County Housing Units(2010) 52,764 25,163 Housing Units(2018) 53,423 26,216 Housing Units Percent Change(2010-2018) 1.2% 4.2% Housing Occupancy Rate 58.0% 53.7% of Vacant Units for Seasonal/Recreational Use 69.4% 77.6% Average Household Size(Owner-Occupied) 2.31 2.63 Average Household Size(Renter-Occupied) 2.51 2.68 •of Housing Units with no Vehicles Available 7.1% 6.5% •of Housing Units that are mobile homes 12.8% 9.0% Source: U.S.Census Bureau 2010 Decennial Census,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates IIII \\\\\ IIIIIIIII III IIIIIIIIII II IIII IIIOIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIII IIIIII IIII IIII IIIIIIIIII III IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII I � II 1011 11 IIII I II @I I I �k �k iu�llllulillld�lluuio�llllllllllll�ludllllulu uuuio�uu�lluu��lluullllluu�uuuoilluuio�uuuuullllluuoiliuuu�uu�lluijui uuuuli�ui�llluu�����ui� This section contains a summary of the County's asset inventory as well as hazard profile and vulnerability assessment for those hazards that are spatially defined and have variations in risk that could be evaluated quantitatively on a jurisdictional level. The hazards included in this section are: Flood, Sea Level Rise, Storm Surge, and Wildfire. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1326;� ANNEX A: MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS Asset Inventory The following tables summarize the asset inventory for Monroe County unincorporated areas in order to estimate the total physical exposure to hazards in this area. Included is total building exposure, critical facilities, and critical infrastructure. Table . —Unincorporated Monroe County Buildingsure by Occupancy Occupancy Estimated Structure Value Estimated Total Value Parcel Count Content Value Unincorporated Monroe County 22,097 $6,662,285,676 $3,597,445,125 $10,259,730,801 Commercial 1,299 $313,260,751 $313,260,751 $626,521,502 Education 17 $71,603,071 $71,603,071 $143,206,142 Government 124 $46,430,301 $46,430,301 $92,860,602 Industrial 92 $41,135,484 $61,703,226 $102,838,710 Religious 25 $19,039,483 $19,039,483 $38,078,966 Residential 20,540 $6,170,816,586 $3,085,408,293 $9,256,224,879 Source:Monroe County Table —Critical Facilities& Infrastructure by Type 0 a O c E L L +' M W O aJ L aJ E GJ Vf aJ > M W {= O H +O+ ate+ Jurisdiction a U W W LU � = 2 a° 3 3 12 Unincorporated Monroe County 2 6 36 6 25 8 5 2 1 2 2 2 2 7 106 Source:Monroe County A.3.1 Flood Table A.7 details the acreage of unincorporated Monroe County's total area by flood zone on the effective DFIRM; it also shows a comparison to the preliminary DFIRM released in December 2019.Approximately 70 percent of the unincorporated areas of Monroe County falls within the mapped 1%-annual-chance floodplains. data in this risk assessment is based off FEMA's 2012 DFIRM. Figure A.1 through Figure A.7 reflects the effective mapped flood hazard zones for Monroe County. Table . —Flood Zone Acreage in UnincorporatedMonroe County Effective DFIRM(2012) Preliminary DFIRM (2019) Percent Percent Change from t o t o Flood Zone Acreage Total Acreage Total Effective(acres) A 0 0% 44,705.9 2.8% 44,705.9 AE 623,103.5 39.4% 569,823.9 36.1% -53,279.6 VE 477,685.3 30.2% 486,942.4 30.8% 9,257.1 AO 0.0 0.0% 0.5 0.0% 0.5 0.2%Annual Chance Flood Hazard 781.0 0.0% 1,674.9 0.1% 893.9 Unshaded X 1,155.5 0.1% 676.0 0.0% -479.5 Open Water 477,840.1 30.2% 477,399.9 30.2% -440.2 Total 1,580,565.4 -- 1 1,581,223.4 -- 1 658.0 SFHA Total 1,100,788.8 69.6% 1 1,101,472.7 69.7% 683.9 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM Note:The differences between the effective FIRM and the preliminary FIRM are significant will likely still change.These details are provided here only as a comparison—all further flood analysis is based in the 2012 Effective DFIRM. M.or'NII ode Cou rt ,,1�1.ol Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1327 x ANNEX A: MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS Table A.8 provides building counts and estimated damages by occupancy type for the 1% annual chance flood event. Table —Unincorporated MonroeCounty Estimated BuildingContent Loss, l Chance Flood Occupancy Buildings Building and Estimated Estimated Total Damage Loss Impacted Contents Cost Building Damages Content Damages Ratio Commercial 409 $442,722,915 $8,624,749 $27,655,230 $36,279,979 8% Educational 15 $77,970,733 $533,355 $4,805,342 $5,338,696 7% Government 87 $82,659,660 $1,240,016 $7,813,831 $9,053,847 11% Industrial 83 $85,624,432 $2,181,271 $5,420,090 $7,601,361 9% Religious 25 $38,078,966 $1,121,498 $7,882,792 $9,004,290 24% Residential 20,528 $6,868,134,968 $1,039,691,898 $587,329,498 $1,627,021,396 24% Total 21,147 $7,595,191,673 $1,053,392,786 $640,906,784 $1,694,299,570 22% Source:HAZUS Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1328� IIIIIIIIIIIII��!9!!!!�IIIII CD M r 6 �D m a°rvnr d P m J � � ✓' o 0 vIIyllb�b�. d IIII _� � i Iry ' w m III �.Ih y �• ^OVud � �� �' I l7 � a a CL L IIJ. A L. 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CL d� a O � V o ,p a u CB o r a � I L A k � R �u � w W O Opu��V IIj Vy ro o a Q LL iy LL Do a7 .00 Z o3io v �'��ro�� �a •N� of W s U p SZ 1 W cc X 4 LL W Z / tv NO IIIIIIIIIIIII��!!pIV IIIIIIIII M M M r w°wm Ilx.ks 4lti�l �` x,1 y Ln m L. L 0 w, a. III mK � L � L GJ m� C ILL CL Y CL p C �' a a m d � m -' a pj 4 0 0 W G LL W uj Q LL O Ln a O yu m a Z b ° E w m�o �Y nod 00 u LU Z W 4) 3 II°AI Z O miva�u NO IIIIIIIIIIIII��!!�!!IIIIIII M M r -rti, r c a CIL i N N N N 6.f - n o N � � X L j N WI u4 MV4 a, Y L noAr O �F5 LL LU LL y Vol L a N N � a W LU a LL ✓ � d nod Illn 7 C � Jill LU CZ L LU N LN \ LL 4) 3 Z CD a IIIIIIIIIIIIII!!I!!!!I!!IIIIIII M M r Oi z p W Y l7 n ® I m j � V C i { J IIJ. V c � a i t � e CL j �IIIVIIII HIV ' �LLI -v vv Q uW. O O. p Do Z u. P� c O � � LU Z J Ti W 4) 3 Z ANNEX A: MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS A.3.2 Sea Level Rise Table A.9 details the number of parcels affected by 1,2, and 3 feet of sea level rise in the unincorporated areas of Monroe County. In total,over 50 percent of all parcels in unincorporated Monroe County will be impacted by 3 feet of sea level rise. Table —Parcels AffectedLevel Rise, UnincorporatedMonroe County Estimated Parcel Parcels Affected by Sea Level %of Parcels Occupancy Rise Impacted by 3 Count(total) 1 Ft 2 Ft 3 Ft ft SLR Unincorporated Monroe County 22,097 688 4,667 11,398 51.6% Commercial 1,299 86 302 546 42.0% Education 17 0 4 11 64.7% Government 124 11 30 51 41.1% Industrial 92 5 16 32 34.8% Religious 1 25 1 2 9 14 1 56.09/c Residential 1 20,540 584 4,306 10,744 Source:Monroe County Parcel Data,2020 Figure A.8 through Figure A.14 display 1, 2, and 3 feet of sea level rise and highlights affected parcels. Note that data was not available to assess the impacts of sea level rise on mainland Monroe (Area 6 and Area 7). 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O N i d a aCL W a O 40 a 4' O +� ✓ - o LL toy N LU a J Z mo 3 O O i( ON +, u ✓ O 0 W V \ @Id! 3 Z �r 3 ' O tvaiu NO a ANNEX A: MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS A.3.3 Storm Surge Table A.10 summarizes the number of parcels in unincorporated Monroe County that will be impacted by storm surge resulting from all categories of hurricane. Parcels are counted only once for the lowest category storm they will be affected by;it can be assumed that a parcel affected by storm surge associated with a Category 1 hurricane is also impacted by a Category 2 storm surge. In unincorporated Monroe County, over 40 percent of all parcels will be impacted by a storm surge associated with a Category 1 hurricane; an additional 30 percent would be impacted by a Category 2 storm. Table . -Storm SurgeImpacts by HurricaneCategory, UnincorporatedMonroe County Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 Occupancy Num %of Num %of Num %of Num %of Num %of Total Total Total Total Total Commercial 218 16.8% 195 15.0% 133 10.2% 25 1.9% 0 0.0% Education 12 70.6% 1 5.9% 2 11.8% 1 5.9% 0 0.0% Government 44 1 35.5% 55 44.4% 1 9 7.3% 1 6 4.8% 1 1 0.8% Industrial 32 34.8% 35 38.0% 18 19.6% 1 1.1% 0 0.0% Religious 16 64.0% 4 16.0% 5 20.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Residential 9,467 46.1% 6,189 30.1% 2,434 11.9% 546 2.7% 18 0.1% Total 9,789 44.3% 1 6,479 29.3% 2,601 11.8% 579 2.6% 19 0.1% Source:NOAA SLOSH Data,Monroe County Parcels,2020 Note:Percent of total based off total parcel from asset inventory. 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W \ Z 4) 3 Z �r 3 3 O a r M r aM a d ��ih �� n •; I I��� 11 ILL v7 0 m a �� � lu it WW,�`�//��,�f�� '1.�,�`��� ��wh��r"� � � �����..�,,,�„u,..�l„�✓'��0 i.�. LY �riijij O � I ��I(OP,M / F% s j "li I I %Jir"'"�,��, J 0Do f Do z W LL O a a run W \ Z @Id! 3 Z �r 3 V' O tvaiu NO ANNEX A: MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS A.3.4 Wildfire Figure A.22 through Figure A.28 depicts the WUI for Monroe County, including incorporated areas. The WUI is the area where housing development is built near or among areas of vegetation that may be prone to wildfire. Figure A.29 through Figure A.35depict Burn Probability based on landscape conditions, percentile weather, historical ignition patterns, and historical prevention and suppression efforts. Fire Intensity Scale, which indicates the potential severity of fire based on fuel loads, topography, and other factors, is depicted in Figure A.36 through Figure A.42. WUI areas are distributed throughout the county; the mainland is completely outside of the WUI. Burn probability is low throughout the unincorporated areas on the Keys with some swaths of moderate burn probability in the Middle and Upper Keys areas. On the mainland, burn probability is low near the coast but much of the area included in Everglades National Park has a high burn probability. There are pockets of high fire intensity throughout the unincorporated areas of the County; areas with particularly large clusters include Big Pine Key and the mainland areas of Monroe County. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1352 � IIIIIIIIIIIII��!!pIV IIIIIIIII M M M r i r o .. 0 0 = in E,11, t 5fwy L tly 41 cx %J'i 41 w L ILL. 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N o 4 LL r uu �, " Do _ a Z LLDo qp O~ pIW V W j... fo J O E Ou H Q r 5 1 •, W \ N @Id! 3 Z /��r 3 V' O a ANNEX A: MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS uu ���� ui« titi»uuui uu uiuul uiuu iuuuiuiuuuil«< �uu uio lulu uuiuul uiu uu uu uu uuiuiu ui uuuuuiuuil I �I I I li I I I I I II i t A I I � k �k iu�IlluilUllltlllllllluitl�������� Illuuuioiui�IllilllUui�lll@'uu�IllllillUuuuiu��ui uuuui�uitlui��uui���uu�lllluu�uuuoilluuio�uuuuuilllluuo�uuuu�uu�llui�ui uuuuii�ui�lluu�����ui� A.4.1 Comprehensive Plan and Future Land Use The Monroe County Comprehensive Plan (Year 2030) was updated in 2010; it is divided into three volumes: a Technical Document, Policy Document, and Map Atlas. Because Monroe County and the Florida Keys are designated as an Area of Critical State Concern, Federal and State government involvement in the County's land use planning is extensive. As such, the Keys must comply with two additional state statutory requirements in Section 380.05 and 380.0552(7), F.S., Principles for Guiding Development;these requirements include the incorporation of information from the Florida Keys Carrying Capacity Study.The goal of the most recent plan update was to provide an effective and efficient balance of future anticipated growth in order to enhance the quality of life, maintain community character, economic development, ensure the safety of County residents and visitors, and protect valuable natural resources. A big piece of the updated plan was the adjustment to ROGO permit distribution as noted in Section 3. Goals, objectives and policies are the primary mechanism for implementation of the plan. They are presented for each of the 15 different elements contained within the Year 2030 Comprehensive plan. Each of these elements have relevance to hazard mitigation, particularly: future land use, conservation and coastal management, drainage, recreation and open space, capital improvements, and energy and climate.An excerpt of Monroe County's future land use map is on the following page. Many goals and policies contained within the plan directly address hazard mitigation, a few of note are included here: Goal 102: Monroe County shall direct future growth to lands which are most suitable for development and shall encourage conservation and protection of environmentally sensitive lands(wetlands, beach berm, and tropical hardwood hammock). Goal 105: Monroe County shall maintain a comprehensive land acquisition program and smart growth initiatives in conjunction with its Livable CommuniKeys Program in a manner that recognizes the finite capacity for new development in the Florida Keys by providing economic and housing opportunities for residents without compromising the biodiversity of the natural environment and the continued ability of the natural and man-made systems to sustain livable communities in the Florida Keys for future generations. Goal 204:The health and integrity of Monroe County's marine and freshwater wetlands shall be protected and, where possible, restored and enhanced. Goal 215: Monroe County shall provide for hurricane evacuation, shelters and refuges, and communication capabilities to promote safeguarding of the public against the effects of hurricanes and tropical storms. Goal 216: Monroe County shall maintain a program of hazard mitigation and post-disaster redevelopment to increase public safety and reduce damages and public expenditures. Goal 1001: Monroe County shall provide a stormwater management system which protects real and personal properties, public health and safety, and which promotes and protects groundwater and nearshore water quality Goal 1504: Monroe County shall further protect natural systems and habitats by incorporating climate adaptation and mitigation strategies in its land acquisition policies.This goal will include consideration of the need to address natural resource protection and restoration requirements,the likelihood of natural resource impacts such as shifting habitats from a rising sea, potential threats and loss of marine ecosystems and habitat, ecosystem-based Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1374; ANNEX A: MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS approaches to exotic species and vegetation management and the need to protect, manage and restore native habitat. The table below summarizes the permits approved in unincorporated Monroe County in the three years prior to this plan update. Table A.11—Unincorporated Monroe County Building Permit Statistics(2017-2019) Type of Development CY 2017 CY 2018 CY 2019 New single Family 60 118* 116* New Other(commercial,industrial, religious,etc.) 23 44 22 New Multi-Family(2 or more) 28 9 1 Commercial (additions, renovation,conversion) 10 10 22 Residential(additions, renovation,conversions) 215 300 233 Other 6,585 7,835 4,994 Demolition 280 363 371 Relocation - - - Manufactured home(permanent,temporary) 163 94 72 Source:Local Mitigation Strategy Data Collection Guide *Includes affordable and market rate units M.ortuoe Court ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1375, CW) T.. E E t 76 ID Q) 03 lion, u Qj eq (D CA In LL Q) W. , In u z I V4 u T ILL < z :51 :E er an .q wit M Nt wit V In ICI �N CL :x m C LLI 1 ............................. 0 Do 0 z C CL M 0 LU 15" LU z C14 ANNEX A: MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS A.4.2 Floodplain Management Monroe County joined the NFIP emergency program in 1970 and has been a regular participant in the NFIP since June 1973. Monroe County participates in the Community Rating System and is currently a Class 5 community.The following tables reflect NFIP policy and claims data for the County categorized by structure type,flood zone, Pre-FIRM and Post-FIRM. Table . —NFIP PolicyClaims Structure Number of Insurance in Number of Closed Total of Closed Structure Type Policies in Force Total Premium Force Paid Losses Paid Losses Single Family 10,274 $10,945,620 $2,501,560,400 14,236 $220,107,638.77 2-4 Family 901 $711,724 $214,636,300 716 $13,611,656.05 All Other Residential 2,433 $1,283,366 $523,432,100 331 $8,305,155.68 Non Residential 835 $3,567,657 $321,885,500 1,475 $44,761,930.11 Total 14,443 $16,508,367 $3,561,514,300 16,758 $286,786,380.61 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table . —NFIP Policyand Claimsa I one Number of Total Insurance in Number of Closed Total of Closed Flood Zone Policies in Premium Force Paid Losses Paid Losses Force A01-30& AE Zones 13,013 $12,648,171 $3,235,694,800 14,095 $248,449,904.27 A Zones 197 $121,443 $16,839,000 71 $1,598,408.78 V01-30&VE Zones 576 $3,281,361 $132,656,200 2,342 $33,922,432.57 V Zones 15 $9,000 $1,065,000 32 $309,611.81 D Zones 4 $6,270 $785,200 69 $1,504,732.83 B,C& X Zone Standard 216 $182,875 $53,264,100 78 $411,902.57 Preferred 335 $207,047 $115,033,000 39 $501,600.51 Total 14,356 $16,456,167 $3,555,337,300 16,726 $286,698,593.34 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table . —NFIP PolicyClaims Pre-FIRM Number of Number of Insurance in Total of Closed Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Closed Paid Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 3,974 $7,518,496 $823,159,400 7,674 $211,029,137.49 A Zones 181 $108,600 $12,851,000 55 $883,312.53 V01-30&VE Zones 201 $1,147,619 $39,008,700 1,590 $30,923,317.66 V Zones 15 $9,000 $1,065,000 31 $309,611.81 D Zones 2 $4,448 $526,900 46 $866,611.05 B,C& X Zone 257 $154,618 $66,430,200 73 $612,124.23 Standard 158 $87,062 $35,557,200 53 $289,981.40 Preferred 99 $67,556 $30,873,000 20 $322,142.83 Total 3,974 $7,528,496 $823,259,400 7,674 $211,029,237.49 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Nftr°ave Cm V V i' ,,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1377 x ANNEX A: MONROE COUNTY UNINCORPORATED AREAS Table . —NFIP Policyand ClaimsaPost-FIRM Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 9,039 $5,129,675 $2,412,535,400 6,421 $37,420,766.78 A Zones 16 $12,843 $3,988,000 16 $715,096.25 V01-30&VE Zones 375 $2,133,742 $93,647,500 752 $2,999,114.91 V Zones 0 $0 $0 1 $0.00 D Zones 2 $1,822 $258,300 23 $638,121.78 B,C& X Zone 294 $235,304 $101,866,900 44 $301,378.85 Standard 58 $95,813 $17,706,900 25 $121,921.17 Preferred 236 $139,491 $84,160,000 19 $179,457.68 Total 9,726 $7,513,386 $2,612,296,100 7,257 $42,074,478.57 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Coinflinii,iiedIII A III'III III' CoirnpIHaince Monroe County entered the NFIP in 1973 by adoption of an ordinance that complies with the requirement of the program. The Floodplain Management Ordinance specifies standards for residential and non- residential construction and water supply and sanitary sewer systems that are located in the SFHA. It prohibits the alteration of sand dunes, mangrove stands, or wetlands if such alterations would increase the potential for flooding. The dominant standard in the ordinance requires that the lowest floor of buildings (including manufactured homes) be elevated to or above base flood levels. Enclosures below the elevated lowest floor are allowed only if they meet requirements specific to the flood zone. To ensure continued compliance with the NFIP,the County will continue to: Enforce the adopted floodplain management ordinance, including reviewing all development proposals within the SFHA for compliance and inspection of permitted development and unpermitted activities; Maintain records pertaining to development, including flood maps and Letters of Map Change, which shall be available for public inspection; Notify the public when there are proposed changes to the ordinance or FIRMS; and Promote the purchase of NFIP flood insurance policies as financial protection. E iin c o s ii.a ur e s P e III o w IIIIIIII I e it a t e d III'il ii.a lii 11 d lii uiin In 1995, FEMA notified Monroe County that the illegal conversion and occupancy of enclosures below elevated residential structures had resulted from a deficiency in the County's enforcement of its floodplain management regulations.The County was directed to correct the deficiency or face suspension from the NFIP. The BOCC appointed a task force to address the problem which developed the "Flood Insurance Inspection Program." NFIP-insured homes with enclosures below the Base Flood Elevation were to be inspected to identify deficiencies; these were to be corrected in order for flood insurance policies to be written. Over 2,000 properties had been inspected through 2009; 1,600 had been brought into compliance. In mid-2014, FEMA ended the pilot program but directed Monroe County to continue enforcement. Section 122-6 of the Floodplain Management Ordinance requires the County to provide an "inspection upon Transfer of Property." A report is provided to the new owner regarding any non- conformities associated with enclosures. 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Table . —HMPC Members Representative Agency Christopher Moonis City Administrator, Key Colony Beach Kris DiGiovanni Chief of Police,Key Colony Police Department Gerard Rouisin I Building Official, Building&Planning Department uuuui stioo »»»liiuu uu uiu uui uu���o�uu uuuii uuiuuuuui I< uooi iuuui uuu ooiuu lu uu uluuu I I � IIIIIIIIII I �lulllll 1 �1 1 I � I lil ill I l� l iuuuuuui uuuuuillllllll������������llluuuio�lluuuuo��uu�llui�ui�lui�lluui�uu�llluuuioi�l�ui�llluuu iui�����ui��iuu�����iuilllll�uidlluuluuuuo��uulllll�ui uuuuiduuuuulll����������������������llllllllll Geography The City of Key Colony Beach is located in the middle Florida Keys. Most of the city is located on what was formerly known as Shelter Key; a small portion of the city is on Fat Deer Key.The City is connected to US 1 via the Sadowski Causeway. Key Colony Beach is neighbored by the City of Marathon and the Atlantic Ocean. Key Colony Beach comprises a total area of 0.44 square miles. Population and Demographics Table B.2 provides population counts and population change estimates for the City of Key Colony Beach as compared to the county overall. Based on the 2018 American Community Survey, it is estimated that Key Colony Beach has lost over a quarter of its 2010 population. Table B.3 further details important demographic and social characteristics for the City as compared to the County overall and the State of Florida. The City is generally older than the County and the State with a median age of 62.9. The City's proportion of individuals over 65 years old (49.6%) is significantly higher than that of the County and the State;the population under 5 years old (0%) is lower. Table —Population Counts, Key Colony Beach, - 2018 ACS 2000 Census 2010 Census Total Change %Change Jurisdiction Population Population Population 2010-2018 2010-2018 Estimate City of Key Colony Beach 788 797 569 -228 -28.6% Monroe County Total 79,589 73,090 76,325 3,235 4.4% Source: US Census Bureau Decennial Census 2000,Decennial Census 2010;American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Note:Unincorporated areas statistics calculated by subtracting jurisdiction counts from the county total. Table —Key Colony Beach Demographic Summary,2018 Demographic&Social Characteristics City of Key Monroe Florida Colony Beach County Median Age 62.9 47.3 41.9 •of Population Under 5 years old 0.0 4.7 5.4 •of population Over 65 years old 49.6 21.3 19.7 •of Population Over 25 with high school diploma 94.7 91.3 88.0 •of Population Over 25 with bachelor's degree or higher 41.8 33.3 29.2 %with Disability 2.3 11.1 13.4 %Speak English less than "very well" 1.8 10.2 11.9 Source:US Census Bureau,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates M.or'NII ode Cou rt ,,1�1.o Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1388 ANNEX B: CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH Housing Table BA details housing unit counts for the City of Key Colony Beach as compared to the county overall. Overall, housing unit estimates decreased by less than one percent in Key Colony Beach.Although nearly 13 percent of the County's units are mobile homes,the 2018 ACS estimated no mobile home units in Key Colony Beach.The average household size for both owner-and renter-occupied housing units was lower than that of the County. Median home value in Key Colony Beach is 21 percent higher than that of the County.Of the vacant housing units in Key Colony Beach(75 percent),68.5 percent are vacant for seasonal or recreational use. Tablei tatistics, Key Colony Beach, - Housing Characteristics Monroe County Key Colony Beach Housing Units(2010) 52,764 1,431 Housing Units(2018) 53,423 1,421 Housing Units Percent Change(2010-2018) 1.2% -0.7% Housing Occupancy Rate 58.0% 24.6% %of Vacant Units for Seasonal/Recreational Use 69.4% 68.5% Average Household Size(Owner-Occupied) 2.31 1.63 Average Household Size(Renter-Occupied) 2.51 1.63 %of Housing Units with no Vehicles Available 7.1% 2.9% %of Housing Units that are mobile homes 12.8% 0% Median Home Value $468,200 $566,800 Source: U.S.Census Bureau 2010 Decennial Census,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Economy The following tables present key economic statistics for Key Colony Beach as compared to the county and the state.The small city of Key Colony Beach was estimated to have an unemployment rate of 0 percent in 2018; it was estimated that approximately half of one percent of the population was living below the poverty line. Table . -Economic Statistics, Key Colony Beach, Demographic&Social Characteristics Key Colony MonroeFlorida Beach County Median Household Income $90,625 67,023 53,267 Per Capita Income $108,919 $43,477 $30,197 Unemployment Rate 0.0% 2.9% 6.3% of Individuals Below Poverty Level 0.5% 11.8% 14.8% %Without Health Insurance 10.4% 17.8% 13.5% Source: US Census Bureau Decennial Census 2000,Decennial Census 2010;American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Table B.6 shows employment statistics for Key Colony Beach compared to the county and the state average.The City has a higher share of its employed population working in the retail trade industry than the County, but a smaller share of the workforce is in the arts, entertainment, and recreation, and accommodation and food services industry. Table -Key Colony Beach Employment by Industry,2018 Industry Key Colony Beach Monroe County Florida Agriculture,forestry,fishing and hunting,and mining 0.0% 1.9% 1.0% Construction 6.1% 7.8% 7.3% Manufacturing 0.0% 2.4% 5.1% Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 ANNEX B: CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH Industry Key Colony Beach Monroe County Florida Wholesale trade 0.0% 2.0% 2.7% Retail trade 17.6% 11.7% 12.9% Transportation and warehousing,and utilities 15.1% 6.0% 5.4% Information 0.0% 1.2% 1.9% Finance and insurance,and real estate and rental and leasing 13.5% 7.1% 7.7% Professional,scientific,and management,and administrative and waste management services 15.1% 9.9% 13.1% Educational services,and health care and social assistance 17.0% 14.5% 21.0% Arts,entertainment,and recreation,and accommodation and food services 9.9% 23.9% 12.2% Other services,except public administration 2.9% 4.8% 5.3% Public administration 2.9% 6.9% 4.3% Source: U.S.Census Bureau,2014-2018 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates IIIIIIIIII 44V IIIIIIIII IIII IIIIIIIIII III IIIII IIIII Illlll IIIIIIIIII IIIII IIIIII IIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIII III IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII I VV I UI V I I IU19 I tl A luuuuuui Iluuio����lll uidlluuui uuuio�uu�lluu��lluulllluu�uuuoilluuio�uuuuullllluuoiliuuu�uu�lluijui uuuuli�ui�llluu�����ui� This section contains a summary of the City of Key Colony Beach's asset inventory as well as hazard profile and vulnerability assessment for those hazards that are spatially defined and have variations in risk that could be evaluated quantitatively on a jurisdictional level.The hazards included in this section are: Flood, Sea Level Rise,Storm Surge, and Wildfire. Asset Inventory The following tables summarize the asset inventory for the City of Key Colony Beach in order to estimate the total physical exposure to hazards in this area. Included is total building exposure, critical facilities, and critical infrastructure. Figure B.1 displays the location of critical facilities in Key Colony Beach. Table . -Key Colony Beach Building Exposure by Occupancy Occupancy Estimated Structure Value Estimated Content Total Value Parcel Count Value Key Colony Beach 1,372 $422,088,929 $213,951,229 $636,040,158 Commercial 5 $3,729,133 $3,729,133 $7,458,266 Education 0 $0 $0 $0 Government 4 $2,084,395 $2,084,395 $4,168,790 Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 Religious 0 $0 $0 $0 Residential 1,363 $416,275,401 $208,137,701 $624,413,102 Source:Monroe County Parcel Data,2020 Table -Critical Facilities&Infrastructure by Type c H O +� C E E L L L 2L i GJ + O. ate+ u O H OJ Vf Jurisdiction a U W W LU LL C7 2 2 a �n ° Key Colony Beach Source:Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 r M r z M 5 ' o .. 4 fl b � ti mp Pd CIO r- u O - •� w �. ? w o w V 4 W w• �y„ LL i Do u V S o W Y • � O LL. t � Rl�vo O a W q ) 1 T Z o Z — N Q NO ANNEX B: CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH 13.3.1 Flood Table B.9 details the acreage of Key Colony Beach's total area by flood zone on the effective DFIRM;it also shows a comparison to the preliminary DFIRM released in December 2019. 100 percent of Key Colony Beach falls within the mapped 1%-annual-chance floodplains; this drops to 99.7 percent on the 2019 preliminary maps.The data in this risk assessment is based off FEMA's 2012 DFIRM. Figure B.2 reflects the effective mapped flood hazard zones for Key Colony Beach. Figure B.3 displays the depth of flooding estimated to occur in these areas during the 1%-annual-chance flood. Table -Flood Zone Acreage in Key Colony Beach Effective DFIRM(2012) Preliminary DFIRM(2019) Percent Percent Change from t o t o Flood Zone Acreage Total Acreage Total Effective(acres) AE 342.9 74.4% 298.9 64.9% -44.0 VE 117.8 25.6% 160.5 34.8% 42.7 AO 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.2%Annual Chance 0.0 0.0% 1.2 0.3% 1.2 Flood Hazard Unshaded X 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Open Water 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Total 460.7 -- 460.7 -- -- SFHA Total 460.7 100.0% 459.5 99.7% -1.2 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM Note:The differences between the effective FIRM and the preliminary FIRM are significant will likely still change.These details are provided here only as a comparison-all further flood analysis is based in the 2012 Effective DFIRM. Table B.10 provides building counts and estimated damages by occupancy type for the 1%annual chance flood event. Table . -Key Colony BeachEstimated it i Content Loss, l Chance Flood Buildings Building and Estimated Estimated Loss Occupancy Impacted Contents Cost Building Damages Content Damages Total Damage Ratio Commercial 5 $7,458,266 $303,440 $958,943 $1,262,383 17% Educational 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Government 4 $4,168,790 $134,416 $933,949 $1,068,365 26% Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Religious 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Residential 1363 $415,798,655 $35,051,413 $20,837,558 $55,888,971 13% Total 1,372 $427,425,711 $35,489,269 $22,730,449 $58,219,719 14% Source:HAZUS Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1392 fr = st 3 B 3 . Do E O LLLI � E IIIIIIIIIIIII��!!�!!IIIIIII M r a,, LL m ' m m e 11111111� CL m a CL LL MI rrrr oi, / � v ago x ,r s a mba �o N ODo J l as Do W hd O rrv/Jll�f/„ 1r LLI Z r" '�� I aaw O ANNEX B: CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH 13.3.2 Sea Level Rise Table B.11 details the number of parcels affected by 1, 2, and 3 feet of sea level rise in the City of Key Colony Beach. In total, over 13 percent of all parcels in Key Colony Beach will be impacted by 3 feet of sea level rise. Figure BA displays 1, 2, and 3 feet of sea level rise and highlights affected parcels. Table . —Parcels AffectedLevel Rise, Key Colony Beach Estimated Parcel Parcels Affected by Sea Level %of Parcels Occupancy Rise Impacted by 3 Count(total) 1 Ft 2 Ft 3 Ft ft SLR Key Colony Beach 1,372 0 12 18S 13.S% Commercial 5 0 0 1 20.0% Education 0 0 0 0 -- Government 4 0 0 1 25.0% Industrial 0 0 0 0 -- Religious 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 -- Residential 1,363 0 12 183 Source:Monroe County Parcel Data,2020 1%ftr'Ni ode CourVty,110 Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1395� IIIIIIIIIIIII III��!9�IIIII CD r N W,�� d I� � � � l� LL J ❑ p �r F 1A ■ U ■ v ab . o� ~ ai J LO W' ILL L S, m c J o�C c O o w 4 Ln c a CL O L R L , L ao 0 z MO . �. •L / oo = mmu� a a a �G L W •h a ++ m �mi E N Q N 20 aim Z O Z ■■ N ✓ of m O o N 00 0 e { Wae O'.lilq V U 00 h oury H X 4) T tvaiu' NO ANNEX B: CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH 13.3.3 Storm Surge Table B.12 summarizes the number of parcels in Key Colony Beach that will be impacted by storm surge resulting from all categories of hurricane. Parcels are counted only once for the lowest category storm they will be affected by;it can be assumed that a parcel affected by storm surge associated with a Category 1 hurricane is also impacted by a Category 2 storm surge. In Key Colony Beach, nearly 50 percent of all parcels will be impacted by a storm surge impacted by a category 2 hurricane; an additional 18 percent would be impacted by a category 3 storm surge. Figure B.5 displays storm surge inundations for all categories overlaid with impacted parcels. Table . —Storm SurgeImpacts by HurricaneCategory, Key Colony Beach Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 Occupancy Num %of Num %of Num %of Num %of Num %of Total Total Total Total Total Commercial 0 0.0% 1 20.0% 2 40.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Education 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- Government 1 1 25.0% 3 75.0% 1 0 0.0% 1 0 0.0% 0 1 0.0% Industrial 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- Religious 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- Residential 14 1.0% 660 48.4% 259 19.0% 65 4.8% 0 0.0% Total 1 15 1.1% 1 664 48.4% 261 19.0% 65 4.7% 0 0.0% Source:NOAA SLOSH Data,Monroe County Parcels,2020 Note:Percent of total based off total parcel from asset inventory. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1397 x IIIIIIIIIIIII�!�@IIIII M r re Q? L''1� n4 � mmiu ,,,119G0 A/M.?rrU�� 0 jk � .. �, ''E1111111�>I1�11111I1J1>�� � ��rI11JJ11�Jllll�lll���°'' �' � � . � m i u��y�l'"���IIIIIAimtilttrv� 1,y�r ,,;f..., h11�k11fl8OItl001B ra m e 0 8 �5 J'n a w �1�11� 00 lit UI Do LL co R Do .� ���✓��'��nmrrc v' a c pll ✓ "' ®� O ., ' y i M 0ISO, $ W 0 r FJ, • o LLI Z � +' O Z N NO ANNEX B: CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH 13.3.4 Wildfire Figure B.6 depicts the WUI for Key Colony Beach.The WUI is the area where housing development is built near or among areas of vegetation that may be prone to wildfire. Figure B.7 depicts Burn Probability based on landscape conditions, percentile weather, historical ignition patterns, and historical prevention and suppression efforts. Fire Intensity Scale,which indicates the potential severity of fire based on fuel loads, topography, and other factors, is depicted in Figure B.B. Most of the City is located within the WUI. Where there is a probability of burning, in the northwestern corner of the City, the burn probability is rated as 1,the lowest rating; the remainder of the City has no burn probability associated with it.There are small pockets of high and moderate potential fire intensity, but much of the city has no fire intensity rating. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1399 IIIIIIIIIIIIII�!!i!!��IIIII CD 0 r a r _ N z i uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu!uuuuuuuuuuuuuuu VVpI VVVV VVVVVI �Vlllll N ,.. IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIII ..... � v uuuuuuuuuu u i v w T m a a 5 v � m m u III q V IO cG C A O LL Do G J N °'y +�m I F Y .I N 1 _C a t-v ti v L o V c . E 5 N Vf m � � �--"'� �Ip I�VIIIIIIIII'Ilu Illmi�ui i i i o i illllVV uVuuuuuu uuuu a ,� �� ��m p Z r 'G use N 10 hd U. f 0 mo 0 Wt 0 CH 0 W `p 'II�U 3 a r 0 r "Q p 6 c - J a a o a z o .. U a 5 � m � v v c0 y o 1 mhe LL Do rE i0 e z / s A ma a Vl Q V W m O'.19q u E u �e W illA i Z ) u Z 4; +' O , a ' waw � o IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIII N O r t I? z Is e vv s MW AW Is 0 c s " „3w 4# ..+..^" J „.. „ •- O lore ii q�i o LL �VB{p i LL imp O � • � µ r ��, coIIIIIIIIII N ,� `� ;,�f s y G O m Y q N {n O ✓'f/ �. IIII� F N y uj 0 M1 y� • J mo . U 0 E u A W Z Z +� o N .�„ 3au o ANNEX B: CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH uuuui stiti� uuu iui uuui uu uiuui ui uu liiuuuuuiuuii ui uui uio lulu uuiuui uiu Uuu uu uu uuiuiu ui uuuuuiuuii i t II I i l l l I I I I I I I<I @ U l tI ti A ti II ti l iuuuuuui IIIIIIIuitl�IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII�luuuuoiui�IllullUui�lll@'uullllllillUuuuuio�ui uuuuidui����ui��uui���uullllluu�uuuoilluuio�uuuuuilllluuo�uuuu�uu�lluijui uuuuii�ui�llluu�����ui� 13.4.1 Comprehensive Plan and Land Use Key Colony Beach is a well-planned community comprised of single-family, duplex, and multi-family dwellings. These uses are served by limited commercial development, including light retail, restaurants, offices, and marinas.Just over 10%of the land area is used for recreational purposes. The City of Key Colony Beach adopted its Comprehensive Plan in February 1992. The plan includes nine elements pertaining to the future growth and development of the City.Throughout the plan are numerous goals, objectives,and policies that acknowledge hurricane risks, especially related to evacuation,growth, ensuring safety, providing adequate facilities, managing stormwater, working with providers of water supply and wastewater services,and required compliance with codes.The Infrastructure Element and the Conservation and Coastal Element contain specific policies relevant to mitigation of future risk and damage.A map of the City's zoning can be found on the following page. The infrastructure element includes: Complete a detailed engineering study of drainage and implement priority storm water projects. As of 2015,the construction of identified projects is 75%complete with citywide stormwater retention systems On-site wastewater disposal facilities to minimize potential environmental impacts.The City's wastewater treatment plant was installed in 1970 and has been upgraded to 2016 standards. Establish and coordinate acquisition programs.The City has acquired several properties. The Conservation and Coastal element includes: New development encroaching into the 100-year floodplain shall incorporate elevation and flood protection measures sufficient to protect against the 100-year flood. The City shall maintain consistency with program policies of the National Flood Insurance Program. The City shall monitor new, cost-effective programs for minimizing flood damage. Such programs may include modifications to construction setback requirements or other site design techniques, as well as upgraded building and construction techniques. The following table summarizes building permits issued in 2017,2018, and 2019: Table . —Key Colony Beach Permit iic (2017-2019) Type of Development CY 2017 CY 2018 CY 2019 New single Family 4 23 1 New Other(commercial,industrial, religious,etc.) 0 0 0 New Multi-Family(2 or more) 2 4 1 Commercial (additions, renovation,conversion) 0 0 0 Residential(additions, renovation,conversions) 600 400 180 Other 0 0 0 Demolition 2 0 0 Relocation 0 0 0 Manufactured home(permanent,temporary) 0 0 0 Source:Local Mitigation Strategy Data Collection Guide Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1403 IIIIIIIIIIIII��!!�!!IIIIIII 0 r c t i v GJ m 7• ............................................................................................ dIM tInd co d � Do L Y L m C C O � _ v w V C ++ a W Z c Y CC V � L Y I!go 6L J 0 u " moo C p p uNunN U C ni �V X LLI a ANNEX B: CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH 13.4.2 Floodplain Management The City of Key Colony Beach joined the NFIP emergency program in 1970 and has been a regular participant in the NFIP since July 1971. The City is a participant in the Community Rating System and is a Class 7 community. The following tables reflect NFIP policy and claims data for the City categorized by structure type,flood zone, Pre-FIRM and Post-FIRM. Table . —NFIP PolicyClaims Structure Number of Insurance in Number of Closed Total of Closed Structure Type Policies in Force Total Premium Force Paid Losses Paid Losses Single Family 535 $905,583 $137,949,700 463 $17,465,712.96 2-4 Family 134 $165,694 $32,358,400 182 $5,309,031.76 All Other Residential 444 $288,300 $80,729,400 214 $13,544,163.07 Non Residential 21 $176,702 $7,673,100 43 $4,318,596.71 Total 1,134 $1,536,279 $258,710,600 902 $40,637,504.50 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table . —NFIP PolicyClaims I Zone Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 1,116 $1,362,282 $254,668,300 884 $39,791,018.49 A Zones 4 $2,400 $284,000 1 $0.00 V01-30&VE Zones 11 $169,797 $3,545,300 16 $804,232.01 B,C& X Zone Standard 0 $0 $0 1 $42,254.00 Preferred 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Total 1,131 $1,534,479 $258,497,600 902 $40,637,504.50 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table . —NFIP PolicyClaims Pre-FIRM Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 608 $991,914 $120,469,700 553 $32,618,666.81 A Zones 4 $2,400 $284,000 1 $0.00 V01-30&VE Zones 5 $122,255 $1,843,000 12 $795,120.91 B,C& X Zone 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Standard 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Preferred 0 1 $0 1 $0 1 0 1 $0.00 Total 627 1 $1,226,569 1 $122,596,700 566 $33,413,787.72 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table . —NFIP PolicyClaims Post-FIRM Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 508 $370,368 $134,198,600 331 $7,172,351.68 V01-30&VE Zones 6 $47,542 $1,702,300 4 $9,111.10 B,C& X Zone 0 $0 $0 1 $42,254.00 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1405 ANNEX B: CITY OF KEY COLONY BEACH Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses Standard 0 $0 $0 1 $42,254.00 Preferred 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Total 514 $417,910 $135,900,900 336 $7,223,716.78 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Coinflinii,iiedi U i::i is CoirnpIH4nce The City entered the NAP in 1971 by adoption of an ordinance that complies with the requirement of the program.To continue compliance with the NFIP,the City will: Enforce the adopted floodplain management ordinance, including reviewing all development proposals in the SFHA and enforcing the requirements of the ordinance, and inspecting both permitted development and unpermitted activities; Maintain records pertaining to floodplain development, including flood maps and Letters of Map Change,which shall be available for public inspection; Notify the public when there are proposed changes to the ordinance or FIRMS; Implement activities recognized by the NFIPs CRS, such as maintaining elevation certificates, sending annual NFIP mailing to local lenders, realtors,and insurance companies, and keeping a library of NFIP materials at City Hall; and Promote the purchase of NFIP flood insurance policies as financial protection. fkftr:iroe Cm�iruty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1406;� LN O Lrf H o 0 u o 4j). 4j). u w w ac0i� E c c Q i O T ar O T ar m V u E v u E O 1�0 C O Oma m O Oma m c L m L L m O E m 0 E m E w LL- C O i V V C ai O m Oa a) a) a) a) ++ Oa w `0 U `0 U 7 U L m O1 0 W {n W {n Z w d •0 2 2 •L a aJ '0 oZS ? uDi -W N N N N 0 w i Oa M aJ tN/1 L M Q f/1 M m m Q Q Q Ln Ln 0 C Ln O C E o c m 0 m C "O of m C 0 co LA aj s m m 0 .c -0 co m c s E v m O7 L p' C OL C N *' U m N U T 'S 0 *' m O a 0 m OL ++ L 1A L OD d 'M L C U > Vf a) y� m L w cUr ++ L _ C n of V C c c 00 +L•• >T C _. 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Ln � � _ § En 4- ( § o § E? £ ƒ 2 2 § 2 \ 2 _ aj2 / > m u E _ § -a . m CL 3 § E 0 / $ { 2 E § E 2 M 0 o CL o to o — n \ E k k 0 m E § J � / c k _ > a) u � LA o o = o o � a) a u 0 \ / ° / _ % / LLI m aj o m � 0 2 _ g 3 ƒ £ § � \ 1 > S 2 ' m z $ $ @ k Ln LU u 2 0- § 2 r W m § O u 7 b 0 > > > LL. 5 § § _§ o § o o o \ ) ) a) ) a) )a u !he m !he m !he m m � § za z « / / / ANNEX C: CITY OF KEY WEST uuu ui uuui ui lui ui lui ui lui uu ul uu uuo luuii uuuui liiuu uul Illlluo uuu uuu lu IIIII I Ilu hull II I I I o u ul I I Llo1 I I II l I u. Illuuuui�uuuuui�llllllllllllllllll�uidlll��uuuuiiuillllllillilu�lllluui lui�llluu��ui iui�llluu�lllluuuui�llllll�uidlll��uidllluililluuuuio�lllluuuio�luuuui�uuui�uuui� The table below lists the HMPC members who represented the City of Key West. Table . —HMPC Members Representative Agency Alison Higgins Sustainability Coordinator,Engineering Department Carolyn Sheldon Senior Grants Administrator,Grant Services/City Manager Elizabeth Ignoffo Contract&Permit Engineer, Utilities Department John Castro Director,Utilities Department Scott Fraser FEMA Coordinator, Building Department Steven McAlearney Director,Engineering Department uuul uuul I»ll luuul luui liiuluuu uul«�III uu uuuii uuiuuuuul«< uooi lilllllll uuull uuuull ui uu uuuuu i 11 I II I I ti L. l u u� l Illuuuui�uuuuui������������������llluuuio�llluuuio��uu�llui�ui�lui�lluui�uu�llluuuioi�l�ui�lllluui iui�����ui��iuu�����iuilllll�uidlluuluuuuo��uulllll�ui uuuuiduuuuulll����������������������llllllllll Geography The City of Key West is Florida's southernmost point,located at the far end of the Florida Keys archipelago and 90 miles north of Cuba. Small portions of the City of Key West are located on Dredgers Key, Fleming Key, and Stock Island. Key West sits within the Straits of Florida. Key West comprises a total area of 5.6 square miles. Population and Demographics Table C.2 provides population counts and population change estimates for the City of Key West as compared to the county overall. Based on the 2018 American Community Survey, it is estimated that population of Key West has grown by 1.8 percent since 2010. Table C.3 further details important demographic and social characteristics for the City as compared to the County overall and the State of Florida. Key West is younger than both the County and State with a median age of 40.6 years. Table —Population Counts, Key West,2010-2018 2018 ACS 2000 Census 2010 Census Total Change %Change Jurisdiction Population Population Population 2010-2018 2010-2018 Estimate City of Key West 25,478 24,649 25,085 436 1.8% Monroe County Total 79,589 73,090 76,325 3,235 4.4% Source: US Census Bureau Decennial Census 2000,Decennial Census 2010;American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Note:Unincorporated areas statistics calculated by subtracting jurisdiction counts from the county total. Table —Key West Demographic Summary,2018 Demographic&Social Characteristics City of Key Monroe Florida West County Median Age 40.6 47.3 41.9 •of Population Under 5 years old 5.3 4.7 5.4 •of population Over 65 years old 15.4 21.3 19.7 •of Population Over 25 with high school diploma 92.9 91.3 88.0 of Population Over 25 with bachelor's degree or higher 36.4 33.3 29.2 with Disability 9.3 11.1 13.4 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1415, ANNEX C: CITY OF KEY WEST Demographic&Social Characteristics City of Key Monroe Florida West County Speak English less than "very well' 10.2 10.2 11.9 Source:US Census Bureau,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Housing Table CA details housing unit counts for the City of Key West as compared to the county overall. Overall, housing unit estimates decreased by 3.4 percent in Key West.The proportion of all housing units that are mobile home in Key West is just under four percent, lower than the nearly 13 percent of the County's total housing units that are mobile homes.The average household size for owner-occupied housing units is the same as the County's however for renter-occupied housing units it is lower. Median home value in Key West is 23 percent higher than that of the County. Of the vacant housing units in Key West (26.5 percent),45 percent are vacant for seasonal or recreational use. Table —Housing Statistics, Key West,2010-2018 Housing Characteristics Monroe County Key West Housing Units(2010) 52,764 14,107 Housing Units(2018) 53,423 13,631 Housing Units Percent Change(2010-2018) 1.2% -3.4% Housing Occupancy Rate 58.0% 73.5% %of Vacant Units for Seasonal/Recreational Use 69.4% 45.2% Average Household Size(Owner-Occupied) 2.31 2.31 Average Household Size(Renter-Occupied) 2.51 2.42 %of Housing Units with no Vehicles Available 7.1% 12.1% %of Housing Units that are mobile homes 12.8% 3.6% Median Home Value $468,200 $578,100 Source: U.S.Census Bureau 2010 Decennial Census,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Economy The following tables present key economic statistics for Key West as compared to the county and the state.The City of Key West was estimated to have an unemployment rate of 2.6 percent in 2018 and 12 percent of the population was estimated to live below the poverty line. Table . —Economic Statistics, Key West,2018 Demographic&Social Characteristics Key West Monroe Florida County Median Household Income $67,712 $67,023 $53,267 Per Capita Income $41,773 $43,477 $30,197 Unemployment Rate 2.6% 2.9% 6.3% of Individuals Below Poverty Level 12% 11.8% 14.8% %Without Health Insurance 18.5% 17.8% 13.5% Source: US Census Bureau Decennial Census 2000,Decennial Census 2010;American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Table C.6 shows employment statistics for Key West compared to the county and the state average.The City has a higher share of its employed population working in the arts,entertainment,and recreation,and accommodation and food services industry as well as the public administration industry. fkftr:iroe Cm�iruty,110 ida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1416; ANNEX C: CITY OF KEY WEST Table -Key West EmploymentIndustry,2018 Industry Key West Monroe Florida County Agriculture,forestry,fishing and hunting,and mining 0.8% 1.9% 1.0% Construction 6.1% 7.8% 7.3% Manufacturing 1.9% 2.4% 5.1% Wholesale trade 1.9% 2.0% 2.7% Retail trade 10.2% 11.7% 12.9% Transportation and warehousing,and utilities 6.3% 6.0% 5.4% Information 1.5% 1.2% 1.9% Finance and insurance,and real estate and rental and leasing 5.5% 7.1% 7.7% Professional,scientific,and management,and administrative and waste management services 8.1% 9.9% 13.1% Educational services,and health care and social assistance 14.9% 14.5% 21.0% Arts,entertainment,and recreation,and accommodation and food services 29.9% 23.9% 12.2% Other services,except public administration 5.3% 4.8% 5.3% Public administration 7.5% 6.9% 4.3% Source: U.S.Census Bureau,2014-2018 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates IIIIIII IIIII IIIIIIII III IIIIIIIIII II IIII IIIO IIIIII IIIIIIIIII Ills IIIIII IIII IIII IIIIIIIIII III IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII I � ICI 1011 11 IIII I I IV I � IUV I II tl A Illlluuill�liuuio�lllllllllllllllllll�lllllllllllllll Illuuo�illl�llllll��lllllllllllllllllluuoillluuo�illlllllllllllluuoiliuuil�illl�llllll�llll uuuuli�ul�llluul����uu This section contains a summary of the City of Key West's asset inventory as well as hazard profile and vulnerability assessment for those hazards that are spatially defined and have variations in risk that could be evaluated quantitatively on a jurisdictional level. The hazards included in this section are: Flood, Sea Level Rise,Storm Surge,and Wildfire. Asset Inventory The following tables summarize the asset inventory for the City of Key West in order to estimate the total physical exposure to hazards in this area. Included is total building exposure, critical facilities, and critical infrastructure. Figure CA displays the location of critical facilities in Key West. Table . -Key West Buildingr cc c Occupancy Estimated Structure Value Estimated Content Total Value Parcel Count Value Key West 7,233 $3,559,316,371 $2,084,710,853 $5,644,027,224 Commercial 491 $280,732,579 $282,682,192 $563,414,771 Education 14 $84,668,594 $84,668,594 $169,337,188 Government 63 $214,444,724 $214,444,724 $428,889,448 Industrial 4 $5,532,401 $8,298,602 $13,831,003 Religious 22 $15,295,410 $15,295,410 $30,590,820 Residential 6,639 $2,958,642,663 $1,479,321,332 $4,437,963,995 Source:Monroe County Parcel Data,2020 fkftr'NIIoe CouIrV ,,1�1.o Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1417 x ANNEX C: CITY OF KEY WEST Table —Critical Facilities&Infrastructure by Type 0 a O .E 0 c E OQ L L +' m 0J O 4J L L o a, 0 0 Jurisdiction Q U W W Uii ii w x x a 3 3%n ° City of Key West 1 - 15 - 2 1 2 1 8 1 2 1 2 1 4 1 3 1 6 1 1 1 5 51 Source:Monroe County 1%4.m'Ni ode Cm�I t ,,i lv Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1418� IIIIIIIIIIIII��!9!!!!�IIIII r r 7 o L CD a o+ v a Ic T a to f � I � J r" IIJ. liff LL J V • ~� �, ire , E a f 4 ' � D Do 1 ((yy �� L C Do Y w1,0 ..�✓' O O moo U 'AW H O O ^„� i W@'Id! 3 ANNEX C: CITY OF KEY WEST C.3.1 Flood Table C.9 details the acreage of Key West's total area by flood zone on the effective DFIRM; it also shows a comparison to the preliminary DFIRM released in December 2019. Nearly 86 percent of Key West falls within the mapped 1%-annual-chance floodplains; this area would grow to 93.9 percent on the 2019 preliminary maps.The data in this risk assessment is based off FEMA's 2012 DFIRM. Figure C.2 reflects the effective mapped flood hazard zones for the City of Key West. Figure C.3 displays the depth of flooding estimated to occur in these areas during the 1%-annual-chance flood. Table -Flood Zone Acreage in Key West Effective DFIRM(2012) Preliminary DFIRM(2019) Percent Percent Change from t o t o Flood Zone Acreage Total Acreage Total Effective(acres) AE 2,165.2 74.8% 2,578.6 89.1% 413.4 VE 313.3 10.8% 452.3 15.6% 139.0 AO 4.2 0.1% 18.6 0.6% 14.4 0.2%Annual Chance 269.6 9.3% 100.2 3.5% -169.4 Flood Hazard Unshaded X 141.9 4.9% 98.5 3.4% -43.4 Open Water 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Total 2,894.2 -- 3,248'2 -- 354.0 SFHA Total 2,482.7 85.8%r 3,049.5 1 93.9% 566.8 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM Note:The differences between the effective FIRM and the preliminary FIRM are significant will likely still change.These details are provided here only as a comparison-all further flood analysis is based in the 2012 Effective DFIRM. Table C.10 provides building counts and estimated damages by occupancy type for the 1%annual chance flood event. Table . -Key West EstimatedBuilding Content Loss, l Chance Flood Buildings Building and Estimated Estimated Loss Occupancy Impacted Contents Cost Building Damages Content Damages Total Damage Ratio Commercial 310 $449,963,213 $11,257,386 $31,201,719 $42,459,105 9% Educational 14 $169,337,188 $487,052 $2,674,428 $3,161,481 2% Government 63 1 $428,889,448 $14,657,587 $93,205,955 $107,863,541 25% Industrial 4 $12,223,742 $0 $0 $0 0% Religious 22 $30,590,820 $553,304 $3,748,000 $4,301,304 14% Residential 6,654 $3,075,377,306 $286,324,973 $200,336,576 $486,661,549 16% Total 7,067 $4,166,381,716 $313,280,301 $331,166,679 $644,446,980 15% Source:HAZUS Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1420 IIIIIIIIIII�!!!!1!!�IIIII r I N r a,,,,2 N N N iN ,- ul aj " I LI' yl o I, L W. aj L � M h 0 c = a y� o 5S P 7 IJ. O I T u,EI Yi Y ao v q 9 u� V V f4 z Do uj LL LL LL pp p N I ba Y LLJ LLI Z 3 3 NO iva�u NO IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII N I N r a,, u m L = w a 2 v l w_ f o CL m o 0 H Y V /"� Y 4/ ® LL rJ _ Yli si I �c 0 m u Y �u1,rlu��'� } rL m r CL o i r d fNil�gr��jli, � a 1 r r, LL Do LL s mN j ; a` Do LLI Li • �A, J LLI X Z 3 3 NO a ANNEX C: CITY OF KEY WEST C.3.2 Sea Level Rise Table C.11 details the number of parcels affected by 1, 2, and 3 feet of sea level rise in the City of Key West. In total,over 51 percent of all parcels in Key West will be impacted by 3 feet of sea level rise. Figure CA displays 1, 2, and 3 feet of sea level rise and highlights affected parcels. Table . —Parcels AffectedLevel Rise, Estimated Parcel Parcels Affected by Sea Level %of Parcels Occupancy Rise Impacted by 3 Count(total) 1 Ft 2 Ft 3 Ft ft SLR Key West 7,233 34 1,316 3,773 52.2% Commercial 491 6 137 300 61.1% Education 14 0 4 9 64.3% Government 63 0 9 24 38.1% Industrial 4 0 0 1 25.0% Religious 1 22 1 2 7 15 1 68.29/c Residential 6,639 26 1,159 3,424 Source:Monroe County Parcel Data,2020 1%ftr'Ni ode CourVty,110 Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1423� IIIIIIIIIIII�!!II�!!IIIIIIII I N r v " ,,_;a,,,, ie M ILL 9 � � p GJ , all 3 P 60 CL ON LL J Do Vl Hp q N 'S G1A 7U� Z C ,a44SC 'f f W'G s N 10 IMP 10 U � V uryunN LLI �uun V Z 3 3 NO ANNEX C: CITY OF KEY WEST C.3.3 Storm Surge Table C.12 summarizes the number of parcels in Key West that will be impacted by storm surge resulting from all categories of hurricane. Parcels are counted only once for the lowest category storm they will be affected by;it can be assumed that a parcel affected by storm surge associated with a Category 1 hurricane is also impacted by a Category 2 storm surge. In Key West,41 percent of all parcels will be impacted by a storm surge associated with a category 1 hurricane; an additional 53 percent would be impacted by a category 2 storm surge. Figure C.5 displays storm surge inundations for all categories overlaid with impacted parcels. Table . -Storm SurgeImpacts by HurricaneCategory, Key West Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 Occupancy Num %of Num %of Num %of Num %of Num %of Total Total Total Total Total Commercial 249 50.7% 217 44.2% 3 0.6% 1 0.2% 0 0.0% Education 9 64.3% 2 14.3% 8 57.1% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Government 14 1 22.2% 39 61.9% 1 1 1.6% 1 0 0.0% 0 1 0.0% Industrial 1 25.0% 2 50.0% 1 25.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Religious 14 63.6% 7 31.8% 325 1477.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Residential 2,693 40.6% 3,589 54.1% 259 3.9% 5 0.1% 6 0.1% Total 1 2,980 41.2% 1 3,856 53.3% 597 8.3% 6 0.1% 6 0.1% Source:NOAA SLOSH Data,Monroe County Parcels,2020 Note:Percent of total based off total parcel from asset inventory. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1425� IIIIIIIIIIIII III��!9�IIIII N r ', rn >y } 1 0�1 k"'m np'�`Po ✓� �� ,�y�� it S `9¢ ffJJII au . J�UVUr1lr 1� IlllE- � 1141�Y�rf' 0 J qIw vs " . ore G "'A of "' E 4 �k J S, LL 00 � Nk� I W ✓� r+ a"�r P A ui V �) Y W \ Z 4) 3 Z �r 3 3 O tvaiu NO ANNEX C: CITY OF KEY WEST C.3.4 Wildfire Figure C.6 depicts the WUI for Key West.The WUI is the area where housing development is built near or among areas of vegetation that may be prone to wildfire. Figure C.7 depicts Burn Probability based on landscape conditions, percentile weather, historical ignition patterns, and historical prevention and suppression efforts. Fire Intensity Scale,which indicates the potential severity of fire based on fuel loads, topography, and other factors, is depicted in Figure C.8 WUI areas are focused along the outer edges of the City,with the central,downtown area being excluded from the WUI.Where there is a rating for burn probability, mainly in southern and eastern Key West, it is low; otherwise, much of the city is without a burn probability rating. There are pockets of moderate characteristic fire intensity, especially on Stock Island, but a large swath of the City is not rated on the characteristic fire intensity scale. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1427 x IIIIIIIIIIIII�!�@IIIII N r a,, fill ray � r r al = wow ti W 4 � y. GJ "� y V4 VVVV y (6 ✓ J / L IIJ. c all LL s � V n�a h pi E a 4 �� Q e � ` 9 4 �., g: IIIIIIIN LU Er- 0 c C u W \ N 4) 3 Z tvaiu NO IIIIIIIIIIIII��!9!!!!�IIIII CD r M m i T 0 n ? h. S D o m M C h M1i all 7 m o 0 y. E a Do b h� I y � � 1 C G G L o S m� a be cc v o U c u W \ N 4) 3 Z a IIIIIIIIIIIIII�!!i!!��IIIII CD M r a,, _ 6 M !� p ppp CCLL � Ak ILL 9 T �w Y 0 S wlSY 5 a r w o / J a3 L m Y c V- .® LL J Do LLI v ti v V m } � I 9 Ipr 4 I 0 � • nN V C �8d Y W \ N 4) 3 Z �r 3 3 O a ANNEX C: CITY OF KEY WEST uuu iiiii ui« titi»uuui uu uiuul uiuu iuuuiuiuuuil«< �uu uio lulu uuiuul uiu Uuu uu uu uuiuiu ui uuuuuiuuil II II I I II II II IIII I II III I I � lUo I I @ U 1 1 II A I I I l k `k Iluuuuu�i�IIIIIIVutl Illuuuioiui�lllilllUuillll@'uuilllllillUuuuiu��ui uuuui�uitlui��uui���uuilllluu�uuuoilluuio�uuuuuilllluuo�uuuu�uu�llui�ui uuuuii�ui�lluu�����ui� C.4.1 Comprehensive Plan and Land Use Key West is essentially fully built out,with a mix of single family residences, multi-family dwellings,time- share and season units, tourist lodgings, tourist-oriented uses, marine-related recreational uses, commercial uses, medical facilities and offices,and government uses. Redevelopment and renovation are frequent occurrences. The 2013 Key West Comprehensive Plan was an update to the 2008 Conformed Version that succeeded the 1993 Plan and six subsequent amendments.The plan incorporates the maximum amount of dwelling units per acre and floor area ration established as of January 1, 2012. Key West recognizes that hazards assessed in the LMS(Section 4)throughout the 2013 plan. The overarching theme of the City's plan is to protect and maintain its natural, historic, and cultural resources, preserve its community character and quality of life, ensure public safety, and direct development and redevelopment in an appropriate manner. To adhere to these overarching guiding principles, the plan is comprised of goals, objectives, and policies in nine major elements; mitigation is encompassed in multiple elements such as future land use, coastal management, conservation, and recreation and open space. Residential will continue to be the dominant land use in the County, however the Future Land Use Map (Figure C.9) highlights the City's emphasis on historic preservation and natural space conservation. The following is a selection of objectives contained in the plan that directly address hazard mitigation: Objective 1-1.7: Implement water supply planning in accordance with state growth management requirements. Objective 1-1.11: Protection of Natural Resources Objective 1-1.12: Consider application of innovative land and water resource management, climate adaptation, and energy conservation concepts Objective 1-1.16: Managing building permit allocation Objective 1A-1,5: Historic Preservation in Coastal High-Hazard Area Objective 2-1.7:Transportation and Hurricane Evacuation Objective 4-3.1: Protect Natural Drainage Features Objective 5-1.1: Protect coastal resources,wetlands,estuarine salt pond environmental quality, living marine resources, and wildlife habitats. Objective 5-1.3: Land use controls and construction standards for protecting the natural shoreline and the very limited beach/dune system Objective 5-1.5:Avoid population concentrations in coastal high-hazard areas Objective 5-1.6: Hurricane evacuation Objective 5-1.7: Post-disaster redevelopment Objective 5-1.13: Planning for resiliency and adaptation in coastal areas Objective 6-1.3: Maintenance of Floodplain Objective 6-1.4: Protect and preserve wetlands Objective 6-1.15: Planning for resiliency and adaptation in natural areas Objective 9-1.2: Limitation on public investments in the coastal high hazard area The following table summarizes building permits issued in 2017,2018, and 2019: Table . —Key West BuildingPermit iic (2017-2019) Type of Development CY 2017 CY 2018 CY 2019 New single Family 26 25 15 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1431 ANNEX C: CITY OF KEY WEST Type of Development CY 2017 CY 2018 CY 2019 New Other(commercial,industrial, religious,etc.) 3 16 10 New Multi-Family(2 or more) 9 12 3 Commercial (additions, renovation,conversion) 0 0 4 Residential(additions, renovation,conversions) 2 6 12 Other 2,139 2,106 2,164 Demolition 36 60 11 Relocation 0 0 0 Manufactured home(permanent,temporary) 0 9 0 Source:Local Mitigation Strategy Data Collection Guide Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1432 � 15 LU U) CN z LLJ M I M LL LO z D LO U) w C) wmiw LL lion oo m m (A -,Z 2 ILL. CM 2-1 > LLI 0 =0 M, A. 15 wwm o L M, OJ T T 0 m CL co) IIII LL 2. .....................................................................!i.................................................................................................................. ui x LLI 4) T z t�i '—r- 0 z 1 4�i = C14 0 LA 2 C04 ANNEX C: CITY OF KEY WEST C.4.2 Floodplain Management The City of Key West joined the NFIP emergency program in 1970 and has been a regular participant in the NFIP since September 1971.The City is a participant in the Community Rating System and is a Class 5 community.The following tables reflect NFIP policy and claims data for the City categorized by structure type,flood zone, Pre-FIRM and Post-FIRM. Table . —NFIP PolicyClaims Structure Number of Insurance in Number of Closed Total of Closed Structure Type Policies in Force Total Premium Force Paid Losses Paid Losses Single Family 4,046 $5,929,280 $1,098,052,600 3,592 $123,412,107.46 2-4 Family 910 $1,209,847 $221,299,800 483 $13,048,513.43 All Other Residential 2,256 $882,585 $439,511,800 309 $6,621,326.31 Non Residential 704 $4,110,464 $330,909,500 967 $46,774,016.29 Total 7,916 $12,132,176 $2,089,773,700 5,351 $189,855,963.49 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table . —NFIP PolicyClaims I Zone Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 6,512 $10,771,610 $1,673,641,200 4,928 $183,918,349.10 A Zones 13 $7,800 $923,000 1 $0.00 AO Zones 4 $4,349 $686,100 2 $62,309.50 V01-30&VE Zones 37 $620,741 $16,110,700 155 $4,429,527.81 B,C& X Zone Standard 366 $217,129 $53,625,700 188 $1,196,953.88 Preferred 980 $508,314 $344,224,000 78 $285,667.23 Total 7,912 $12,129,943 $2,089,210,700 5,352 $189,892,807.52 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table . —NFIP Policy and ClaimsPre-FIRM Number of Number of Insurance in Total of Closed Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Closed Paid Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 3,417 $8,570,243 $876,955,500 4,076 $169,444,589.73 A Zones 13 $7,800 $923,000 1 $0.00 AO Zones 2 $1,961 $320,300 2 $62,309.50 V01-30&VE Zones 15 $388,337 $7,468,600 78 $3,174,770.21 B,C& X Zone 730 $407,973 $246,231,900 185 $1,346,022.45 Standard 77 $55,284 $13,567,900 125 $1,119,608.17 Preferred 653 $352,689 $232,664,000 61 $263,258.31 Total 4,277 $9,376,324 $1,231,899,300 4,342 $174,027,691.89 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table . —NFIP Policy and ClaimsPost-FIRM Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 3,095 $2,201,367 $796,685,700 852 $14,473,759.37 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1434;�� ANNEX C: CITY OF KEY WEST Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses AO Zones 2 $2,388 $365,800 0 $0.00 V01-30&VE Zones 22 $232,404 $8,642,100 77 $1,254,757.60 B,C& X Zone 616 $317,470 $151,617,800 80 $99,754.63 Standard 289 $161,845 $40,057,800 63 $77,345.71 Preferred 327 $155,625 $111,560,000 17 $22,408.92 Total 3,735 $2,753,629 $957,311,400 1,009 $15,828,271.60 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 1'.` in Ilf lii in ii.0 III A III'III III' ('oirnpIHaince The City entered the NFIP in 1971 by adoption of an ordinance that complies with the requirement of the program. The ordinance has been revised several times, including in 2013 when the City replaced the ordinance with a code-coordinated ordinance as part of a statewide effort to coordinate local ordinances with the flood provisions of the Florida Building Code.To continue compliance with the NFIP,the City will: Enforce the adopted floodplain management ordinance, including reviewing all development proposals in the SFHA and enforcing the requirements of the ordinance, and inspecting both permitted development and unpermitted activities; Maintain records pertaining to floodplain development, including flood maps and Letters of Map Change,which shall be available for public inspection; Notify the public when there are proposed changes to the ordinance or FIRMS; Implement activities recognized by the NFIPs CRS including brochure publication and distribution and annual mailers; Promote the purchase of NFIP flood insurance policies as financial protection; Maintain a consolidated ISIS database for monitoring floodplain related permitting reviews; City Floodplain Administrator has a seat on the City's Development Review Committee, is an integral plan reviewer for all floodplain related permit applications and is in the variance pre- review network required of all applications within the SFHA; and Continuing to implement higher regulatory standards including, but not limited to, multi-phase elevation certifications, minimum 12-inch elevation of the first finished floor outside the SFHA, and a five-year substantial improvement cumulative period of calculations. 1 e III e°t lii t lii it e L o s s °)ur o III e ur t lii e s Since 2015, Key West has mitigation three RL buildings. Two additional properties have been awarded FMA grants and are pending elevation. Annual notices are sent out to 1,701 property owners within all repetitive loss areas.A map of repetitive loss areas in Key West is on the following page. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1435� IIIIIIIIIIIII III��!9�IIIII M r +f ryf X';, �w �D 4 a J L a rig ; o I a d a '9e � ��� , �J„Uk u�a rJn Yll« h ;r f 'guar n Am, Iwo LL I� Do Do sue ru, LU hd c 0 > R'µ +, U Y � u X u @hu 7 a LN O Lrf H o 0 u o 4j). 4j). u w a, ac0i� E c c Q i O T a� O T a� -o U u E v u E O 1�0 C O pba m O pba m c L c L L c O E m 0 E m w w LL- C O i V V C ai O L m a) 0 W {n W {n Z w Q •0 2 2 �L a aJ '0 oZS ? uDi -W N N N N 0 w i Oa M aJ tN/1 L M Q f/1 M m m Q Q Q Ln Ln C O Ln C E 0 w c m 0 m C -0 Lf fa C U o a L s - m o 'E 0 c m r r v '° : s E v �o OU fa Vf 00 O C Q' fLa 7 Y a) fa t +0+ E ` . 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'On 4' (n M M a-i N a-i M N C Iq Iq N Iq N r-I N OQ w O) O1 N Ln Ln O c > C a)'O O O N Q U J U N CJ 01 V 01 N N U U = O O D O 0 O O O Lj- H Q H Lj- Ln N N 01 'O U E c of O fO 41 p O > L r-I Q ? Y Lf Q C 0 �p mLn a) mu 3 m 0o a 4+ ++ '� tm 0� L m O N O c c +' a O 01 .0 � D_L Ln 'cif L N N N G O O 4+ N m m m O 0 0 m tf 0 - >O 3 +°'+ QQ QQ U \ O f0 V -� -� i� N ++ Q_ c E 0 0 > " c 3 c av a o o tm v � o LL LL 'LA 'n H C a+ O O 'n O m 0 s O N aj 00 O () LW ++ Op 4 c � Or C +m C +�+ > > 4— > H 01 N -he -a W -0 W U C7 O O $ d N1 W 3 ui 0 W p Y 41 � LA L Q1 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y lJ X 0 W 0 Q. r-I ai ai ai ai ai ai ANNEX D: CITY OF LAYTON ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ uuuui ui uuuu ui iui ui iui ui luiuu ul uu uuo iuuii uuuu luau uu�««ttiti»uio uuu u Illil I Ilu Ilu u �� l�ll I I I o u ul I I I �I I II l ll I l uuuuuu�mi��uuuuu�llllllll Vuidlll��uuuuuuilllllullilu�llluuu iui�llluu��ui iui�llluu�lluuuuiu�llllll�uidlll��milluliluuuuio��luuuuu�uuuui�uuuuullluuiuu�llll The table below lists the HMPC members who represented the City of Layton. Table —HMPC Members Representative Agency Mimi Young City Clerk&Administrative Assistant,Building Department Skip Haring Planning Director,Administrative Assistant to Mayor uuuui uiii u�o»»»u uu uiu uui uu���titi�uu uuuii uuiuuuuui u� uooi iuuui uuu iiiiiuu lu uu uluuu u � � �ll� lllltil I :lu �lll I I 1 �l I � I lil I 1 � I l u � u� l iuuuuui�uu��uuuui�����������lluuuuo�luuuuio��uu�lluu�ui��ui�llmu�mi�llluuuioi�l�uullluuu iui�����uu�iuu�����iuillll�uullluuluuuuo��uu�llll�uu uuuuiduuuuulll����������������������llllllllll Geography The City of Layton is located in the middle Florida Keys on Long Key. US Highway 1 passes directly through the City. Layton comprises a total area of 0.16 square miles. Population and Demographics Table D.2 provides population counts and population change estimates for the City of Layton as compared to the county overall. Based on the 2018 American Community Survey, it is estimated that Layton has lost over 28 percent of its population since 2010.Table D.3 further details important demographic and social characteristics for the City as compared to the County overall and the State of Florida.The population of the City of Layton is older than both the County and State with a median age of 63 years; none of the City's population is under 5 years of age while over 48 percent is older than 65. Table . —Population Counts,Layton,2010-2018 2000 Census 2010 Census 2018 ACS Total Change %Change Jurisdiction population Population Population 2010-2018 2010-2018 Estimate City of Layton 186 184 132 -52 -28.3% Monroe County Total 79,589 73,090 76,325 3,235 4.4% Source: US Census Bureau Decennial Census 2000,Decennial Census 2010;American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Note:Due to Layton's small size,population estimates from the ACS could be undercounted;other sources for the same year report population as high as 186. Table —Layton Demographic Summary,2018 Demographic&Social Characteristics City of Layton Monroe Florida County Median Age 63 47.3 41.9 •of Population Under 5 years old 0.0 4.7 5.4 •of population Over 65 years old 48.5 21.3 19.7 •of Population Over 25 with high school diploma 96.7 91.3 88.0 •of Population Over 25 with bachelor's degree or higher 18.9 33.3 29.2 %with Disability 14.4 11.1 13.4 %Speak English less than "very well" 9.1 10.2 11.9 Source:US Census Bureau,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 ANNEX D: CITY OF LAYTON Housing Table DA details housing unit counts for the City of Layton as compared to the county overall. Overall, housing unit estimates decreased by 1.6 percent in Layton, a net loss of 3 housing units.Although nearly 13 percent of the County's housing units are classified as mobile homes, however none of these units are located within the Layton city limits. The average household size for both owner- and renter-occupied housing units is lower than the County's. Median home value in Layton is 21 percent lower than that of the County, but 86 percent higher than the State's. Of the vacant housing units in Layton (58.6 percent), 76 percent are vacant for seasonal or recreational use. Table . -Housing Statistics, L2010-2018 Housing Characteristics Monroe County Layton Housing Units(2010) 52,764 184 Housing Units(2018) 53,423 181 Housing Units Percent Change(2010-2018) 1.2% -1.6% Housing Occupancy Rate 58.0% 41.4% %of Vacant Units for Seasonal/Recreational Use 69.4% 75.7% Average Household Size(Owner-Occupied) 2.31 1.58 Average Household Size(Renter-Occupied) 2.51 2.07 %of Housing Units with no Vehicles Available 7.1% 5.3% %of Housing Units that are mobile homes 12.8% 0.0% Median Home Value $468,200 $367,700 Source: U.S.Census Bureau 2010 Decennial Census,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Economy The following tables present key economic statistics for Layton as compared to the county and the state. The City of Layton was estimated to have an unemployment rate of zero percent in 2018. None of the population was reported to live below the poverty line. Table . -Economic Statistics, Layton, Demographic&Social Characteristics Layton Monroe Florida County Median Household Income $48,750 $67,023 $53,267 Per Capita Income $36,696 $43,477 $30,197 Unemployment Rate 0.0% 2.9% 6.3% of Individuals Below Poverty Level 0% 11.8% 14.8% %Without Health Insurance 8.3% 17.8% 13.5% Source: US Census Bureau Decennial Census 2000,Decennial Census 2010;American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Table D.6 shows employment statistics for Layton compared to the county and the state average.The City has a higher share of its employed population working in the arts, entertainment, and recreation, and accommodation and food services industry as well as the retail trade industry. Table -Layton EmploymentIndustry, Industry Layton Monroe Florida County Agriculture,forestry,fishing and hunting,and mining 1.2% 1.9% 1.0% Construction 9.5% 7.8% 7.3% Manufacturing 0.0% 2.4% 5.1% Wholesale trade 0.0% 2.0% 2.7% Retail trade 13.1% 11.7% 12.9% Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1451 ANNEX D: CITY OF LAYTON Industry Layton Monroe Florida County Transportation and warehousing,and utilities 4.8% 6.0% 5.4% Information 0.0% 1.2% 1.9% Finance and insurance,and real estate and rental and leasing 11.9% 7.1% 7.7% Professional,scientific,and management,and administrative and waste management services 3.6% 9.9% 13.1% Educational services,and health care and social assistance 3.6% 14.5% 21.0% Arts,entertainment,and recreation,and accommodation and food services 42.9% 23.9% 12.2% Other services,except public administration 0.0% 4.8% 5.3% Public administration 9.5% 6.9% 4.3% Source: U.S.Census Bureau,2014-2018 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates IIIIIIIII IIIII IIIIIIII III IIIIIIIIII II IIII IIIO IIIIII IIIIIIIIII Ills IIIIII IIII IIII IIIIIIIIII III IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII II � II 1011 11 IIII I I II tl A Illlllllllll�uu��uuulll�lllllllllllllll�illlllllllllllllllluuo�illlllllll��lllllllllllllllllluuolllluuo�illlllllllllllluuolliuuil�illl�llllll�llll uuuuli�ul�llluul����uu This section contains a summary of the City of Layton's asset inventory as well as hazard profile and vulnerability assessment for those hazards that are spatially defined and have variations in risk that could be evaluated quantitatively on a jurisdictional level. The hazards included in this section are: Flood, Sea Level Rise,Storm Surge,and Wildfire. Asset Inventory The following tables summarize the asset inventory for the City of Layton in order to estimate the total physical exposure to hazards in this area. Included is total building exposure, critical facilities, and critical infrastructure. Figure D.1 displays the location of critical facilities in Layton. Table . —Layton Buildingsure by Occupancy Occupancy Estimated Structure Value Estimated Content Total Value Parcel Count Value Layton 153 $36,107,136 $19,623,111 $55,730,247 Commercial 4 $1,249,538 $1,249,538 $2,499,076 Education 0 $0 $0 $0 Government 4 $1,491,996 $1,491,996 $2,983,992 Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 Religious 2 $397,551 $397,551 $795,102 Residential 143 $32,968,051 $16,484,026 $49,452,077 Source:Monroe County Parcel Data,2020 Table —Critical Facilities& Infrastructure by Type c H o C E E L L te ` L i 0J + CL a+ u O H OJ Vf Jurisdiction a U W W LU LL C7 2 2 a �n ° City of Layton Source:Monroe County .The Layton Fire Station,operated by Monroe County Fire Rescue,also hosts a full EMS and ALS. M.ortiroe Court ,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1452 � IIIIIIIIIIIII��!!pIV IIIIIIIII M M r 7 d Ch T IZ 0 = _ �a Yr m b C �y w O IIN ® V J p Q LL a E a M v v j Do p w a.. .00 X C-4 ANNEX D: CITY OF LAYTON D.3.1 Flood Table D.9 details the acreage of Layton's total area by flood zone on the effective DFIRM; it also shows a comparison to the preliminary DFIRM released in December 2019. 100 percent of Layton falls within the mapped 1%-annual-chance floodplains; this would remain the same on the 2019 preliminary maps.The data in this risk assessment is based off FEMA's 2012 DFIRM. Figure D.2 reflects the effective mapped flood hazard zones for Layton. Figure D.3 displays the depth of flooding estimated to occur in these areas during the 1%-annual-chance flood. Table -Flood Zone Acreage in Layton Effective DFIRM(2012) Preliminary DFIRM(2019) Percent Percent Change from t o t o Flood Zone Acreage Total Acreage Total Effective(acres) AE 123.2 86.0% 114.6 80.0% -8.6 VE 20.0 14.0% 28.6 20.0% 8.6 AO 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.2%Annual Chance 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Flood Hazard Unshaded X 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Open Water 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Total 143.2 -- 143.2 -- 0.0 SFHA Total 143.2 100.0% 143.2 100.0% 0.0 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM Note:The differences between the effective FIRM and the preliminary FIRM are significant will likely still change.These details are provided here only as a comparison-all further flood analysis is based in the 2012 Effective DFIRM. Table D.10 provides building counts and estimated damages by occupancy type for the 1%annual chance flood event. Table . -Layton EstimatedBuilding Content Loss, l Chance Flood Buildings Building and Estimated Estimated Loss Occupancy Impacted Contents Cost Building Damages Content Damages Total Damage Ratio Commercial 4 $2,499,076 $153,161 $375,505 $528,666 21% Educational 2 $948,020 $14,852 $121,247 $136,099 14% Government 4 $2,983,992 $393,021 $1,262,947 $1,655,969 55% Industrial 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Religious 0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0% Residential 143 $49,452,077 $4,580,751 $2,729,405 $7,310,156 15% Total 153 $55,883,165 $5,141,785 $4,489,105 $9,630,890 17% Source:HAZUS Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1454; IIIIIIIIIIIIII!!I!!!!I!!IIIIIII r a,,,, o+ VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV BVI — h� I IIIII �m h loiuum o rr t W f6 M15 L ro J.LL uj LL µW C i' 0 o L x1. E o11. LL z u Do o-e _ w Ti LLI e � M"� �Cn o x 0 LL @'lldl3 Z 3 3 NO a IIIIIIIIIIIII III��!9�IIIII r a,, MIT.� CL LL /r r M J � � Y _ o � Y CL 0 11 m a LL eT ao Ea a z d 00 PF' w 'u, �it, Z sow L LI L 4) 3 Z a ANNEX D: CITY OF LAYTON D.3.2 Sea Level Rise Table D.11 details the number of parcels affected by 1, 2, and 3 feet of sea level rise in the City of Layton. In total, over 61 percent of all parcels in Layton will be impacted by 3 feet of sea level rise. Figure DA displays 1,2,and 3 feet of sea level rise and highlights affected parcels. Table . —Parcels Affected by Sea Level Rise, Layton Estimated Parcel Parcels Affected by Sea Level %of Parcels Occupancy Rise Impacted by 3 Count(total) 1 Ft 2 Ft 3 Ft ft SLR Layton 153 1 18 94 61.4% Commercial 4 0 1 1 25.0% Education 0 0 0 0 -- Government 4 1 2 2 50.0% Industrial 0 0 0 0 -- Religious 1 2 1 0 1 2 1 100.09/c Residential 143 0 14 89 Source:Monroe County Parcel Data,2020 1%ftr'Ni ode CourVty,110 Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1457 x IIIIIIIIIIIII�!�@IIIII r r d r a D a o . O 6 � lIl � 2 R VII�IV RIB W�U �I�IIRI M III I o g Lin � IC �����IIIIIIV J V m mu DuiIIIII cc �mR Ito IN �I a dKIM X' Iqj N am uuui� oe 0in a w,w IN CL 2 N MAN IN mill Im Ea L a` LL M , 00 w G G L 14 N Z •' s ry o0 ao� IN Y 0 0 @11i 3 Z 3 C„V„' 3 NO a ANNEX D: CITY OF LAYTON D.3.3 Storm Surge Table D.12 summarizes the number of parcels in Layton that will be impacted by storm surge resulting from all categories of hurricane. Parcels are counted only once for the lowest category storm they will be affected by;it can be assumed that a parcel affected by storm surge associated with a Category 1 hurricane is also impacted by a Category 2 storm surge. In Layton, 50 percent of all parcels will be impacted by a storm surge associated with a category 1 hurricane; an additional 41.8 percent would be impacted by a category 2 storm surge. Figure D.5 displays storm surge inundations for all categories overlaid with impacted parcels. Table . —Storm SurgeImpacts by HurricaneCategory, Layton Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category S Occupancy Num %of Num %of Num %of Num %of Num %of Total Total Total Total Total Commercial 2 50.0% 2 50.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Education 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- Government 1 1 25.0% 2 50.0% 1 0 0.0% 0 1 0.0% 0 1 0.0% Industrial 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- 0 -- Religious 2 100.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Residential 72 50.3% 60 42.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Total 1 77 1 50.3% 1 64 41.8% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Source:NOAA SLOSH Data,Monroe County Parcels,2020 Note:Percent of total based off total parcel from asset inventory. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 IIIIIIIIIIIIII�!!i!!��IIIII CD co a,, �1 >y " ul o .. � till, f L o m LL ,,�� hM � � ;Ifll1/!tll {lffffl��f11111P1////////////IG flfffU0f111/d/%I//���Io�n.m 4"" ^, . -�^�"^b Gw"i lean „/ irrrr,R ✓ anoiomy i �o a u 00 o-ei G7 ti r G G i m �Vq e�1 `.°n .3 Z 3 3 NO iva�u NO ANNEX D: CITY OF LAYTON D.3.4 Wildfire Figure D.6 depicts the WUI for Layton. The WUI is the area where housing development is built near or among areas of vegetation that may be prone to wildfire. Figure D.7 depicts Burn Probability based on landscape conditions, percentile weather, historical ignition patterns, and historical prevention and suppression efforts. Fire Intensity Scale,which indicates the potential severity of fire based on fuel loads, topography, and other factors, is depicted in Figure D.B. Almost all of the City of Layton is within the WUI. Where there is a rating for burn probability, mainly in the northern and southern corners of the City, it is low; otherwise, much of the city is without a burn probability rating.There are small areas of higher characteristic fire intensity,but a large swath of the City is not rated on the characteristic fire intensity scale. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1461 IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIII N �O r , \ a o, nl 9 z o y� 0 u n ? 0 l� �ffff ^ at �; 1 llllllllll �„ %% X�r, Hwy VIIVIIII uo 0 6uiul�IIIII uI vv a z �� IIJIIJI�IJI�JIJJJJJ G y G to C Y LL Do O J X HIyl Z 3 3 NO iva�u NO IIIIIIIIIIIII��!!pIV IIIIIIIII M �O r d o i T 0 n ? 0 ry 3 w V v IIJ. LL a k, E v a z "k U Do M w Vl � Q O J X Hyl Z 3 3 NO a IIIIIIIIIIIII��!!�!!IIIIIII r ', MIT nl 9 T o y� o w. a� s, u r5 w V J i ILL Yk y Q 3 LL 1 � Y N LL "*s•t'v;, `�""'""".ry y' fKNvh„%/m'H.�'f' •__S E aGi z� M, k U Do e p d ra m OV16 moo Er- e Y a C Odie„� �A Vl❑� CVl S� uCn o � L o v a u e W \ N @Id! 3 Z /��r 3 3 O tvaiu NO ANNEX D: CITY OF LAYTON uuuui uu uuu uu uuui uu uiuui uiuu iuuuiuiuuuii«< �uu uio lulu uuiuui uiu Uuu uu uu uuiuiu ui uuuuuiuuii u II I i li I I I I I l l s I I tIl I I I I � lU o I I @ U 1 tI 1 I A 4 I k �k iuuuuui�uu�lllllliui��lllllll VIIIIIIIIIIOVII�IIIIIIIUIIIIIII@'uuIIIIIIiIIUuuuuio�ui uuuui�uidui��uui���uullllluu�uuuoilluuio�uuuuuilllluuo�uuuu�uu�lluijui uuuuii�ui�llluu�����ui� D.4.1 Comprehensive Plan and Land Use Layton's development is primarily single-family residences located along canals and small businesses such as restaurants and convenience stores. The City is predominantly built out — with few buildable lots available for residential development. The City's comprehensive plan estimates approximately 7% of vacant lands in the City are available for development. Moreover,the City is only allowed three residential permits per year under the ROGO. The City's comprehensive plan was amended in 2015; according to this plan, the pattern of residential development in the past has been largely limited to single family homes along with commercial development along the Overseas Highways.This pattern is expected to continue in the future.There is an approximately 50-acre tract in the southeast quadrant of the City that is owned by the City of Layton where development will be restricted in perpetuity for conservation purposes. The following table summarizes building permits issued in 2017,2018, and 2019: Table . —Layton BuildingPermit iic (2017-2019) Type of Development CY 2017 CY 2018 CY 2019 New single Family 1 1 2 New Other(commercial,industrial, religious,etc.) 1 0 0 New Multi-Family(2 or more) 0 0 0 Commercial (additions, renovation,conversion) 0 0 0 Residential(additions, renovation,conversions) 0 1 2 Other 1 fire garage 0 0 Demolition 2 1 1 Relocation 0 0 0 Manufactured home(permanent,temporary) n/a n/a n/a Source:Local Mitigation Strategy Data Collection Guide D.4.2 Floodplain Management The City of Layton joined the NFIP emergency program in July 1971 and has been a regular participant since.The City is a participant in the Community Rating System and is a Class 6 community.The following tables reflect NFIP policy and claims data for the City categorized by structure type,flood zone, Pre-FIRM and Post-FIRM. Table . —NFIP PolicyClaims Structure Number of Insurance in Number of Closed Total of Closed Structure Type Policies in Force Total Premium Force Paid Losses Paid Losses Single Family 79 $78,263 $18,977,400 69 $1,780,963.67 2-4 Family 7 $5,838 $1,627,200 5 $330,795.82 All Other Residential 1 $1,566 $500,000 0 $0.00 Non Residential 13 $65,069 $6,586,500 14 $1,568,618.52 Total 100 $150,736 j $27,691,100 88 $3,680,378.01 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1465� ANNEX D: CITY OF LAYTON Table . —NFIP Policyand ClaimsaFlood Zone Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 100 $150,736 $27,691,100 87 $3,680,378.01 V01-30&VE Zones 0 $0 $0 1 $0.00 B,C& X Zone Standard 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Preferred 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Total 100 $150,736 $27,691,100 88 $3,680,378.01 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table . —NFIP PolicyClaims Pre-FIRM Number of Number of Insurance in Total of Closed Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Closed Paid Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 34 $114,180 $7,993,500 56 $3,314,452.11 V01-30&VE Zones 0 $0 $0 1 $0.00 B,C& X Zone 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Standard 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Preferred 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Total 34 $114,180 $7,993,500 57 $3,314,452.11 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table D.17—NFIP Policy and Claims Data Post-FIRM Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 66 $36,556 $19,697,600 31 $365,925.90 B,C& X Zone 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Standard 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Preferred 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Total 66 $36,556 $19,697,600 31 $365,925.90 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 C o iin t lii iin ii.,u e d 01 I::I I:p C o iirn 111p III lii a iin c The City entered the NFIP in 1971 by adoption of an ordinance that complies with the requirement of the program. Since 2015, the City has discovered and removed 12 non-conforming post-FIRM downstairs enclosures converted to dwelling units.To continue compliance with the NFIP,the City will: Enforce the adopted floodplain management ordinance, including reviewing all development proposals in the SFHA and enforcing the requirements of the ordinance, and inspecting both permitted development and unpermitted activities; Maintain records pertaining to floodplain development, including flood maps and Letters of Map Change,which shall be available for public inspection; Notify the public when there are proposed changes to the ordinance or FIRMS; Maintain a T freeboard requirement; Implement activities recognized by the NFIPs CRS; and Promote the purchase of NFIP flood insurance policies as financial protection. u f::°:iroe Cm�iruty,110 lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1466;� LN O " H o 0 u o w a, ac0i� E c c Q i O T a� O T a� m V u E v u E O 1�0 C O O1a m O O1a m ca) m a) m O E m 0 E m E w LL- C O i V V ai 0 In IN a) N a) a) ++ Oa w `0 U `0 U 7 U L m a) 0 W {n W {n Z w d •0 2 2 L a c '0 oZS ? uX -W N N N N 0 w Q ,10 ,10 ,10 ,10 aJ tN/1 L Q f/1 m m Q Q Q L�j Ln L '� Vf Ln C ° C E o w m m •°—� m C "° of m C 0 0 L L aj m 00 0 :c - 0 m C C N j L E `1 m OT LLu -u ° c O c W +' U m W V T '� *' m O d O m OL ++ of L 00 d 'gyp C V > of v �, m w C �'if of V C c N 00 t; T C _. 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V).V). ai u L : � � © 0 c 0 � k / E \ 0 0 0\ u \ m ) M 0 . o » / » / k / k / u 0 0 0 0 0- CL 0- CL 7 I a adf � 0 C-4 C�4 02 2 ai / a) - 2 - CL 2 � — � \ � Mkk > Ra) M M \ � 22 � w ■ ' ' E � z e § e o 2 / e = e e En LL Ln >Qj \ �ai ai u o CL Ln ai Lu k co -a ai m § L Mnf 2 0 [ • m � > C) m 2u u 0 -0 2 tic m e ` 0 m E CLa - k ] k ƒ \ / 2 / \ E I k \ c 2 2 / c k In m \ ) k z 0 \ & � 5 o § / m Q � L § z © C-4 m < « _ _ ANNEX E: CITY OF MARATHON uuuuu ul uuul ui iui ui iui ul lul uu lu uu uuo iuull uuuul uiuu uu�««quo uuu uuu u IIIIII Ilu hull II I I o u ul I I LIotI I I II l I I u. luuuuulllu�liuuuuu�llllllllllllllllll�uidlll��uuuuuuiilllllillilu�llluuu iui�llluu��ui iui�llluu�llluuuuu�llllll�uidlll��uidllluililluuuuio�lllluuuio�luuuui�luuui�uuui� The table below lists the HMPC members who represented the City of Marathon. Table . —HMPC Members Representative Agency George Garrett Director,Planning Department John Johnson Fire and Rescue Chief, Marathon Fire Rescue uuuuu uui »»»uiuu uu uiu uul uu u�tin uu noun uuluuuuui u� uooi luuui uuu union lu uu uluuu I IIIIIIIIIII I ulullll I I 1 1 ul liI� I S I i l u u� l iuuuuulluilluuuuuilllllllllllllll������llluuuio�lluuuuo��uu�lluu�ui��ui�lluui�uu�llluuuioi�l�uullluuu iui�����uu�iuu�����iuilllll�uullluuluuuuo��uulllll�uu uuuuiduuuuulll����������������������llllllllll Geography The City of Marathon is located in the lower Florida Keys. Marathon spans numerous islands, which are all connected by US 1. Located in the Straits of Florida,it is neighbored most closely by Key Colony Beach. Marathon comprises a total area of 8.45 square miles—the largest of all incorporated jurisdictions in the County. Population and Demographics Table E.2 provides population counts and population change estimates for the City of Marathon as compared to the county overall. Based on the 2018 American Community Survey, it is estimated that Marathon's population grew by over 5 percent since 2010. Table E.3 further details important demographic and social characteristics for the City as compared to the County overall and the State of Florida.The age breakdown in the City of Marathon is similar to that of the County overall.The City does have a larger percent of its population that speaks English less than "very well." Table . —Population Counts,Marathon,2010-2018 2000 Census 2010 Census 2018 ACS Total Change %Change Jurisdiction Population Population Population 2010-2018 2010-2018 Estimate City of Marathon 10,255 8,297 8,737 440 5.3% Monroe County Total 79,589 73,090 76,325 3,235 4.4% Source: US Census Bureau Decennial Census 2000,Decennial Census 2010;American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Note:Unincorporated areas statistics calculated by subtracting jurisdiction counts from the county total. Table —Islamorada Demographic Summary,2018 Demographic&Social Characteristics City of Monroe Florida Marathon County Median Age 47.4 47.3 41.9 •of Population Under 5 years old 4.9 4.7 5.4 •of population Over 65 years old 22.0 21.3 19.7 •of Population Over 25 with high school diploma 89.7 91.3 88.0 •of Population Over 25 with bachelor's degree or higher 25.9 33.3 29.2 %with Disability 11.2 11.1 13.4 %Speak English less than "very well" 16.3 10.2 11.9 Source:US Census Bureau,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1475, ANNEX E: CITY OF MARATHON Housing Table EA details housing unit counts for the City of Marathon as compared to the county overall. Overall, housing unit estimates decreased by 4.3 percent in Marathon. Over 16 percent of all housing units in the city are classified as mobile homes, a larger percentage than the county (12.8 percent). The average household size for owner-occupied housing is lower than that of the county;for renter-occupied housing, it is the same.Median home value in Marathon is 17 percent lower than that of the County,but 98 percent higher than the State's. Of the vacant housing units in Marathon (39 percent), 60 percent are vacant for seasonal or recreational use. Table -Housing Statistics, Marathon,2010-2018 Housing Characteristics Monroe County Marathon Housing Units(2010) 52,764 6,187 Housing Units(2018) 53,423 5,919 Housing Units Percent Change(2010-2018) 1.2% -4.3% Housing Occupancy Rate 58.0% 60.9% %of Vacant Units for Seasonal/Recreational Use 69.4% 60.4% Average Household Size(Owner-Occupied) 2.31 2.2 Average Household Size(Renter-Occupied) 2.51 2.51 %of Housing Units with no Vehicles Available 7.1% 8.6% %of Housing Units that are mobile homes 12.8% 16.2% Median Home Value $468,200 $389,300 Source: U.S.Census Bureau 2010 Decennial Census,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Economy The following tables present key economic statistics for Marathon as compared to the county and the state.The City of Marathon was estimated to have an unemployment rate of 3.1 percent in 2018, higher than the County's but lower than the State's; 14.3 percent of the population was reported to be living below the poverty line. Table . -Economic Statistics, Marathon, Demographic&Social Characteristics Marathon Monroe Florida County Median Household Income $53,866 $67,023 $53,267 Per Capita Income $37,568 $43,477 $30,197 Unemployment Rate 3.1% 2.9% 6.3% of Individuals Below Poverty Level 14.3% 11.8% 14.8% %Without Health Insurance 22.5% 17.8% 13.5% Source: US Census Bureau Decennial Census 2000,Decennial Census 2010;American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Table E.6 shows employment statistics for Marathon compared to the county and the state average.The City has a higher share of its employed population working in the retail trade industry, but a lower share in the arts, entertainment,and recreation, and accommodation and food services industry. Table -Marathon EmploymentIndustry, Industry Marathon Monroe Florida County Agriculture,forestry,fishing and hunting,and mining 4.8% 1.9% 1.0% Construction 10.3% 7.8% 7.3% Manufacturing 1.5% 2.4% 5.1% Wholesale trade 2.3% 2.0% 2.7% Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1476; ANNEX E: CITY OF MARATHON Industry Marathon Monroe Florida County Retail trade 14.9% 11.7% 12.9% Transportation and warehousing,and utilities 3.7% 6.0% 5.4% Information 1.9% 1.2% 1.9% Finance and insurance,and real estate and rental and leasing 7.9% 7.1% 7.7% Professional,scientific,and management,and administrative and waste management services 11.1% 9.9% 13.1% Educational services,and health care and social assistance 11.3% 14.5% 21.0% Arts,entertainment,and recreation,and accommodation and food services 18.5% 23.9% 12.2% Other services,except public administration 6.9% 4.8% 5.3% Public administration 4.8% 6.9% 4.3% Source: U.S.Census Bureau,2014-2018 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates IIIIIIIIII IIIII IIIIIIII III IIIIIIIIII II IIII IIIO IIIIII IIIIIIIIII Ills IIIIII IIII IIII IIIIIIIIII III IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII� ICI 1011 11 IIII I IV I � IUV II tl A Illlllllllillui�llluuio�llllllllllllllllllll�lllllllllllllll Illuuo�illl�llllll��lllllllllllllllllluuoillluuo�illlllllllllllluuoiliuuil�illl�llllll�llll uuuuli�ul�llluul����uu This section contains a summary of the City of Marathon's asset inventory as well as hazard profile and vulnerability assessment for those hazards that are spatially defined and have variations in risk that could be evaluated quantitatively on a jurisdictional level. The hazards included in this section are: Flood, Sea Level Rise,Storm Surge,and Wildfire. Asset Inventory The following tables summarize the asset inventory for the City of Marathon in order to estimate the total physical exposure to hazards in this area. Included is total building exposure, critical facilities, and critical infrastructure. Figure E.1 displays the location of critical facilities in Marathon. Table . —Marathon Buildingsure by Occupancy Occupancy Estimated Structure Value Estimated Content Total Value Parcel Count Value Marathon 5,477 $1,570,098,686 $933,482,095 $2,503,580,781 Commercial 514 $147,882,732 $147,882,732 $295,765,464 Education 14 $51,635,976 $51,635,976 $103,271,952 Government 38 $64,209,697 $64,209,697 $128,419,394 Industrial 43 $10,727,374 $16,091,061 $26,818,435 Religious 22 $11,682,350 $11,682,350 $23,364,700 Residential 4,846 $1,283,960,557 $641,980,279 $1,925,940,836 Source:Monroe County Parcel Data,2020 Table —Critical Facilities&Infrastructure by Type c H o C E E L L L 2L i GJ + O. ate+ u O H OJ Vf Jurisdiction a U W W LU LL C7 2 2 a �n ° City of Marathon 1 - 9 1 1 3 10 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 35 Source:Monroe County fkftr'NIIoe CouIrV ,,1�1.o Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1477 x IIIIIIIIIIIII�!�@IIIII r 7 o Ln w} # y y w m u Zk� � _ T s 0 k 6`7 b V zi �R ZY, 41 uj LL 7 V � O L k 0 � 1 ili E a � u z e Do af8•W w . 00 G q Y LL I J 0 � � C C O V mw �VPAW N W Cd� 3 Z 7 1714 4aw NO ANNEX E: CITY OF MARATHON E.3.1 Flood Table E.9 details the acreage of Marathon's total area by flood zone on the effective DFIRM; it also shows a comparison to the preliminary DFIRM released in December 2019. 100 percent of Marathon falls within the mapped 1%-annual-chance floodplains; this would drop to 99.8 percent on the 2019 preliminary maps.The data in this risk assessment is based off FEMA's 2012 DFIRM. Figure E.2 reflects the effective mapped flood hazard zones for Marathon. Figure E.3 displays the depth of flooding estimated to occur in these areas during the 1%-annual-chance flood. Table -Flood Zone Acreage in Marathon Effective DFIRM(2012) Preliminary DFIRM(2019) Percent Percent Change from t o t o Flood Zone Acreage Total Acreage Total Effective(acres) AE 5,925.7 51.8% 5,122.8 44.8% -802.9 VE 5,513.7 48.2% 6,297.3 55.0% 783.6 AO 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.2%Annual Chance 0.0 0.0% 18.4 0.2% 18.4 Flood Hazard Unshaded X 0.0 0.0% 1.3 0.0% 1.3 Open Water 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Total 11,439.4 -- 11,439.7 -- 0.3 SFHA Total 11,439.4 100.0% i 11,420.1 i 99.8% -19.3 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM Note:The differences between the effective FIRM and the preliminary FIRM are significant will likely still change.These details are provided here only as a comparison-all further flood analysis is based in the 2012 Effective DFIRM. Table E.10 provides building counts and estimated damages by occupancy type for the 1%annual chance flood event. Table -Marathon EstimatedBuilding Content Loss, l Chance Flood Buildings Building and Estimated Estimated Loss Occupancy Impacted Contents Cost Building Damages Content Damages Total Damage Ratio Commercial 247 $261,248,137 $3,053,759 $9,769,365 $12,823,123 5% Educational 14 $104,930,038 $455,300 $3,391,664 $3,846,964 4% Government 38 1 $128,419,394 $1,604,444 $9,883,101 $11,487,545 9% Industrial 43 $26,664,217 $560,130 $1,797,508 $2,357,638 9% Religious 22 $23,364,700 $490,239 $3,539,551 $4,029,790 17% Residential 5,090 $1,581,026,532 $182,019,887 $106,926,434 $288,946,321 18% Total 5,454 $2,125,653,018 $188,183,758 $135,307,623 $323,491,381 15% Source:HAZUS Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1479 IIIIIIIIIIIIII�!!i!!��IIIII CD co r a,, LA \. a lop LSn¢ xy j�"a to C a V v `Mr J IIJ. JP yy}} o Y N 0 IIk E � LL uj o = LL � t LL fm . a uj c E a � -a LL Q z u 00 S a c � rv� � C G .. i4 A ❑� Do J h C L a � � • oA O mil\ o µ R� w �e Ll W \ LL 4) 3 Z a r r a,, u Ln o w m n o } j L � � l7 {� V m J w/ �0 ILL. LL v rL C m 0 r ��gdrrk%f n C LL uj 6 E a a r%r d L u Do ( H GJ LL �o L yy� toy .00 LL c L Q J O am0 ui � g ��„�� •� W \ LL 4) 3 Z tvaiu NO ANNEX E: CITY OF MARATHON E.3.2 Sea Level Rise Table E.11 details the number of parcels affected by 1, 2, and 3 feet of sea level rise in the City of Marathon. In total,over 45 percent of all parcels in Marathon will be impacted by 3 feet of sea level rise. Figure EA displays 1, 2,and 3 feet of sea level rise and highlights affected parcels. Table . —Parcels AffectedLevel Rise, Marathon Estimated Parcel Parcels Affected by Sea Level %of Parcels Occupancy Rise Impacted by 3 Count(total) 1 Ft 2 Ft 3 Ft ft SLR Marathon 5,477 65 646 2,502 45.7% Commercial 514 12 38 259 50.4% Education 14 0 1 5 35.7% Government 38 4 5 19 50.0% Industrial 43 0 2 15 34.9% Religious 1 22 1 1 3 8 1 36.49/c Residential 4,846 48 597 2,196 Source:Monroe County Parcel Data,2020 1%ftr'Ni ode CourVty,110 Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1482 � IIIIIIIIIIIII��!!pIV IIIIIIIII M r ie Ln � D ° o i k ILL d t 0 t n � m Y Mom- s � a m o v � C t �r� W LL y J 00 myy N m N 00 9 mo 0 W �,a � o ���d� •L W \ 4) 3 Z �r 3 3 O ANNEX E: CITY OF MARATHON E.3.3 Storm Surge Table E.12 summarizes the number of parcels in Marathon that will be impacted by storm surge resulting from all categories of hurricane. Parcels are counted only once for the lowest category storm they will be affected by;it can be assumed that a parcel affected by storm surge associated with a Category 1 hurricane is also impacted by a Category 2 storm surge. In Marathon, 27 percent of all parcels will be impacted by a storm surge associated with a category 1 hurricane; an additional 51.2 percent would be impacted by a category 2 storm surge. Figure E.5 displays storm surge inundations for all categories overlaid with impacted parcels. Table -Storm SurgeImpacts by HurricaneCategory, ra Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 Occupancy Num %of Num %of Num %of Num %of Num %of Total Total Total Total Total Commercial 245 47.7% 207 40.3% 29 5.6% 3 0.6% 2 0.4% Education 4 28.6% 10 71.4% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Government 13 1 34.2% 22 57.9% 1 2 5.3% 0 1 0.0% 0 1 0.0% Industrial 12 27.9% 29 67.4% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Religious 5 22.7% 17 77.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Residential 1,194 24.6% 2,521 52.0% 157 3.2% 76 1.6% 0 0.0% Total 1 1,473 26.9% 1 2806 51.2% 188 3.4% 79 1.4% 2 0.0% Source:NOAA SLOSH Data,Monroe County Parcels,2020 Note:Percent of total based off total parcel from asset inventory. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1484;�� IIIIIIIIIIIIII!!I!!!!I!!IIIIIII r a,, LA jj ff bA ILL Kin 0 } Z v tti� t e!ti - li f b M I �7 k� a 0 coo 3 cAW 't Y v Ui E a ua r- e p a 11 pw a`o� C Do 0 a � J�!Ur g �SAN �l+fjyr YY A i. J 0 rr% ,�I� i VV � Q SAW N Li; „d L W \ Z 4) 3 Z �r 3 3 O a ANNEX E: CITY OF MARATHON E.3.4 Wildfire Figure E.6 depicts the WUI for Marathon.The WUI is the area where housing development is built near or among areas of vegetation that may be prone to wildfire. Figure E.7 depicts Burn Probability based on landscape conditions, percentile weather, historical ignition patterns, and historical prevention and suppression efforts. Fire Intensity Scale,which indicates the potential severity of fire based on fuel loads, topography, and other factors, is depicted in Figure E.B. Much of the City of Marathon is within the WUI; areas outside of the WUI include Boot Key on the far western edge of the City and Fat Deer Key, Long Point Key, and Curry Hammock State Park in the central part of Marathon. Where there is a rating for burn probability, scattered throughout the City, it is low; otherwise, much of the city is without a burn probability rating. There are small areas of higher characteristic fire intensity particularly in western Marathon, but large swaths of the City are not rated on the characteristic fire intensity scale. Areas outside of the WUI are the largest areas rated for characteristic fire intensity. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1486;� IIIIIIIIIIIII���!!9IIIIIII r a,, Ln VI ILL r i, y m in g' � wa V L y W v w J E o to � 1° a L CP c a ui L a ao LL 7 -v s v v z 0 s Do 0 S w m G G � L C }N Z EfA 7 U� uCn o �Vl � J Wmo R W \ N 4) 3 Z tvaiu NO IIIIIIIIIIIII�!�@IIIII r Ln IN o i T WIN n g ILL ti V � � o � / J a � a x uj LL „ f e Ea vv z QA q J Do N =rvi ig, ao� C o � J W \ N 4) 3 Z tvaiu NO IIIIIIIIIIIII��!9!!!!�IIIII CD co r a,, LA nl 9 T 5 a V a � yA fy U 1 1 1 * N L b 'LLL o uj 7 Ea v 1 ': "" d c 2 a ao 1 � L C .31 J 0 W - )rj Z 3 3 O aLA C04 ANNEX E: CITY OF MARATHON uuuuu uu ui« titi»uuui uu uiuui ui uu iiiuuuuuiuuii ui uui uio lulu uuiuui uiu Uuu uu uu uuiuiu ui uuuuuiuuii U l tI i A �I l i iuuuuulluitlllllllVutl Illuuuioiui�lllilllUui�lll@'uu�IllllillUuuuiu��ui uuuui�ui����ui��uui���uu�lllluu�uuuoilluuio�uuuuuilllluuo�uuuu�uu�lui�ui uuuuii�ui�lluu�����ui� E.4.1 Comprehensive Plan and Land Use Marathon's development is a mix of single-family residences, multifamily dwellings, tourist lodgings, marine-related and recreational uses, commercial uses, medical facilities and offices, and government uses. Like the rest of the County,future growth is limited by the ROGO;within Marathon,this is known as the Building Permit Allocation System (BPAS). The purpose of the BPAS is to encourage infill of existing platted lots served by existing infrastructure and to limit growth to enable safe and timely hurricane evacuation.The annual allocation for Marathon is 30 permits per year for residential dwelling units. The City of Marathon adopted its comprehensive plan in March 2005. The plan includes nine elements pertaining to the future growth and development of the City. Numerous goals, objectives, and policies throughout the plan acknowledge hurricane risks, especially related to evacuation, growth, ensuring safety, providing adequate facilities, and managing stormwater. Select objectives that address hazards and support hazard mitigation include: Objective 1-2.2: Hurricane evacuation Objective 3-4.1:Stormwater improvements Objective 3-4.2: Protect natural functions of groundwater recharge areas and natural drainage features Objective 4-1.2:Conserve, protect, and enhance natural systems Objective 4-1.3: Protect, conserve, and enhance coastal resources Objective 4-1.4: Protect and preserve wetlands Objective 4-1.16: Coordinate coastal resource management Objective 4-1.17: Minimum coastal hazards Objective 4-1.19: Limit public subsidies in the Coastal High Hazard Area Objective 4-1.20: Direct population away from High Velocity areas Objective 4-1.22: Reduce exposure to natural hazards Future development is guided by the City's future land use map, which can be found on the following pages. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 r r w.-- w.--- w.w.-- w.w.-- w.--- w.w.-- w.w.-- w.--- w.w.-- w.w.-- w.--- w.w.-- ----,-- " a, i fl GJ , C m GJ ,r LL oa _. i L `fie e L C uj LL 1' a tl\p c A V ; y d L � 0UJ uj m 2 p ' _ o0 a � 3 02 w� � 5 3 a m 10 ry ff a 0 x UJ CL r ° w" * J .' .' ix cr EP LL *:�.. Z -,.�r�,�r,�.� ,. 3 �I�Ph 7 N NO IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIII N r 'S 47 x- 4 ,��� ff _ WY W C OL W. F1 N ;i C R J L LLV�°t wu m Li y� Wk 2 N®LL d Wk m m LL V CO V LLI a; Z �� � IIPA� 3 O 3 a H ooP��9���° � N ------------------- 1)"A Cn T 2 UJ n It It Lu w S) Z— C, ICY w X [......... LL C C .0 60 m cc L- uj Do w 30 cc LLI 4) T 0 LA C-4 Ld 2 LU 0 mm Lu t V) (n V)j LLL, Lj w Lj I x IT X ry Fl "1011 0) wl LL moo T Lj Do 4 x ) T LLI z z < 0 2 C-4 ANNEX E: CITY OF MARATHON E.4.2 Floodplain Management The City of Marathon joined the NFIP through regular entry in October 2000. The City is a participant in the Community Rating System and is a Class 6 community. The following tables reflect NFIP policy and claims data for the City categorized by structure type,flood zone, Pre-FIRM and Post-FIRM. Table . —NFIP Policy and ClaimsStructure Number of Insurance in Number of Closed Total of Closed Structure Type Policies in Force Total Premium Force Paid Losses Paid Losses Single Family 2,332 $3,252,537 $550,240,300 1,942 $67,772,173.60 2-4 Family 323 $326,385 $76,726,900 265 $11,832,024.55 All Other Residential 912 $541,111 $179,278,100 144 $13,697,391.08 Non Residential 382 $1,569,011 $145,614,500 353 $18,046,151.53 Total 3,949 $5,689,044 $951,859,800 2,704 $111,347,740.76 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table . —NFIP PolicyClaims I Zone Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 3,597 $4,795,185 $902,448,400 2,545 $103,667,597.76 A Zones 120 $72,000 $8,520,000 0 $0.00 V01-30&VE Zones 162 $779,859 $35,922,600 159 $7,680,143.00 V Zones 4 $2,400 $282,800 0 $0.00 B,C& X Zone Standard 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Preferred 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Total 3,883 $5,649,444 $947,173,800 2,704 $111,347,740.76 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table . —NFIP Policy and ClaimsPre-FIRM Number of Number of Insurance in Total of Closed Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Closed Paid Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 1,558 $3,461,501 $337,864,200 1,641 $93,177,325.91 A Zones 120 $72,000 $8,520,000 0 $0.00 V01-30&VE Zones 63 $354,476 $12,231,000 109 $7,070,900.18 V Zones 4 $2,400 $282,800 0 $0.00 B,C& X Zone 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Standard 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Preferred 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Total 1,745 $3,890,377 $358,898,000 2,750 $100,248,226.09 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table . —NFIP Policy and ClaimsPost-FIRM Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 2,039 $1,333,684 $564,584,200 904 $10,490,271.85 V01-30&VE Zones 99 $425,383 $23,691,600 50 $609,242.82 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1495 ANNEX E: CITY OF MARATHON Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses B,C& X Zone 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Standard 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Preferred 0 $0 $0 0 $0.00 Total 2,138 $1,759,067 $588,275,800 954 $11,099,514.67 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 C o iin i lii iin ii.,u e d P11 i::i i:p C o iirn III III lii a u The City entered the NFIP when it incorporated in 2000 by adoption of an ordinance that complies with the requirement of the program.To continue compliance with the NFIP,the City will: Enforce the adopted floodplain management ordinance, including reviewing all development proposals in the SFHA and enforcing the requirements of the ordinance, and inspecting both permitted development and unpermitted activities; Maintain records pertaining to floodplain development, including flood maps and Letters of Map Change,which shall be available for public inspection; Notify the public when there are proposed changes to the ordinance or FIRMS; Implement activities recognized by the NFIPs; and Promote the purchase of NFIP flood insurance policies as financial protection; fkftr:iroe Cm�iruty,i io lda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1496; LN O Lrf H o 0 u o 4j). 4j). u w w ac0i� E c c Q i O T O T m U u E v u E O 1�0 C O pma m O pma m c L m L L m O E m O E m w w LL- C O i V V C ai O m m N N a) a) ++ L m O1 0 w {n w {n Z w d •0 2 2 •L a aJ '0 OtS ? uDi -W N N N N 0 w i a i a•-I M Oa M aJ tN/1 L M Q f/1 M m m Q Q Q Ln C Ln O C E o c m m C "O of m C U o L s aj Om`o 0 0 .c v o m c �' ° s E v m w0 L Q 00 O 'C U m N U T 'S 0 *' m O d O m OL ++ L 1A L 00 d •M L C U > Vf a) y� m L w cUr ++ L _ C if of U C C N 00 t; T C _. •C O V Q m U t C 0 >' c 7 s+ 0 f0 ++ C L U m N O Q vi 7 L L y, m OL Q S N +�+ o U ° 3 ami c afOi c r0 aci c c E E _ �^ o o c�'i v E Q Q — in w +, L — C E N L .� 7 00 O C E m L L 0 m W N N m m 7 O -O O. 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U cM � cC M 0 O W 2 C L 141 1 VTI 2 C•. c 7 c (n (n T T T T T T T T T T T T T T C Ln C C Y L C Y L C Y L C Y L C Y L C Y 1 _Q. 7 7 7 U 7 U 7 U 7 U 7 U 7 c C O +_ O } O ro M O ro M O ro M O ro M O ro M O M n U U U c O v U c a ai U c a ai U c a v U c a v U c a a iy N O_ N O_ N O M Co a) O M Co a) O M Co a) O M Co O M Co O M C 0 H O O u O Y O T c O Y p T c O Y p T C O Y p T c O Y p T c O Y p L c c 'c `c T- E 0 r -T E 0 T- E 00 -T E 0 T- E 0 r T- E C O 7 O O O M M O M M 5. O M M , O M M � O M ro O M ro V 2 m E M2 2 2 Q U A 2 2 Q U A 2 2 - U _3 2 2 - U A � � B U J � � � C W z O N N z a a LN V H O u a� E L C. O i ++ O 4 d ++ m u 2r .L O a 4J 'O otS ? u0i +� H v O Q M H H L M M Q f/1 M L m N m C m Ln N N U � N c OJ O — c m }� U m a 'n L L IA N U N � � L c U M O Q C O M Q Q 4J L L 7 U Qj N � OJ +' C N N L 0 C N a U.U. t o N u W x 0 Z Z Q a La o Lr H o 0 o ui c rn ^ o Ln 67 N r-I r-I M Ln U U U CO 41 O) 4 — a a a D L C C C m C M O. O O O 00 O O) L C Y L Y L C Y CNNN LN m O m O m O ccc cm C i C C ++ 0 O O Ln m 00 v v v v � Q 41 Q 41 U N U N V O O O O - O - O a a a a 4� 41 a` 2r •p 2 2 2 2 a '0 otS ? 4' �^ m m 0 i N a--I a--I N o O 'O a 0) OJ (n M C M M O > O_ a V J 0 N V 0J W M En U f0 Ln m p O M O _ Q Q H —Li- U Q 0 v %4.- c L 0J Ln c FU c v O 7 m a+ 4+ LL 00 L. tw C C LL N C41 _ M C 0 O1 O m 01 C O m ` mu = a) '^ Ln O) Q a) m H l7 _ 0 a, Um ++ LL a) LL L f0 00 f0 +•+ 01 U U m 1 +'' E a' m m 0 C� 2 H a c c c c 0 0 0 0 O H L 3 f0 f0 f0 f0 u 2 2 2 2 W X 0 O ui Z i l0 Il 00 M a a � � � � ANNEX F: ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS uuuui uu uuui ui iui ui iui ui lui uu ul uu uuo iuuii uuuui liiuu uu�««quo uuu uuu II ulllll Ilu Ilul� II u I I o u ul I I LIOI I I II l I I I iuidllll�ui��uuuuu uidlll��uuuuiiuillllllillUlu�llluuu iui�llluu��ui iui�llluu�llluuuuu�llllll�uidlll��uidlduililluuuuio�lllluuuio�luuuui�uuui�uuui� The table below lists the HMPC members who represented Islamorada Village of Islands. Table . —HMPC Members Representative Agency Andrew Engelmeyer Director,Department of Public Works Terry Abel Fire Chief,Islamorada Fire Rescue uuuui uuu »»>tititi»u uu uiu uui uu���o�uu uuuii uuiuuuuui I< uooi iuuui uuu ooiuu lu uu uluuu II � Illlllllll I Ululllll UI l I � I III S I l u u� l iuillll�uu�luuuuulllllllllllllllllllllllluuuio�lluuuuo��uu�lluu�ui��ui�lluui�uu�llluuuioi�l�uullluuu iui�����uu�iuu�����iullll�uullluuluuuuo��uudllll�uu uuuuiduuuuulll����������������������llllllllll Geography Islamorada Village of Islands is located in the upper Florida Keys. Islamorada spans numerous islands, which are all connected by US 1.Located in the Straits of Florida,it is neighbored most closely by Tavernier and Key Largo. Marathon comprises a total area of 6.45 square miles. Population and Demographics Table F.2 provides population counts and population change estimates for Islamorada as compared to the county overall. Based on the 2018 American Community Survey, it is estimated that Islamorada's population grew by over 5 percent since 2010.Table F.3 further details important demographic and social characteristics for the Village as compared to the County overall and the State of Florida.The median age in Islamorada is about 10 years older than that of the County; the proportion of the population under 5 years of age is less than the County and the proportion over 65 is greater. TableF. —Population Counts,Islamorada,2010-2018 2000 Census 2010 Census 2018 ACS Total Change %Change Jurisdiction Population Population Population 2010-2018 2010-2018 Estimate Islamorada Village of Islands 6,846 6,119 6,473 354 5.8% Monroe County Total 79,589 73,090 76,325 3,235 4.4% Source: US Census Bureau Decennial Census 2000,Decennial Census 2010;American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Note:Unincorporated areas statistics calculated by subtracting jurisdiction counts from the county total. Table —Islamorada r is Summary,2018 Islamorada Monroe Demographic&Social Characteristics Village of Florida Islands County Median Age 57.4 47.3 41.9 •of Population Under 5 years old 2.3 4.7 5.4 •of population Over 65 years old 29.6 21.3 19.7 •of Population Over 25 with high school diploma 94.7 91.3 88.0 •of Population Over 25 with bachelor's degree or higher 38.0 33.3 29.2 %with Disability 12.5 11.1 13.4 %Speak English less than "very well" 3.2 10.2 11.9 Source:US Census Bureau,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates M.ort11oeCouVVU' ,,Florida Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1505, ANNEX F: ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS Housing Table FA details housing unit counts for the Islamorada as compared to the county overall. Overall, housing unit estimates increased by 6.4 percent in Islamorada.Just under 2.7 percent of all housing units in the city are classified as mobile homes, a smaller percentage than the county (12.8 percent). The average household size for owner-occupied housing is approximately equal to that of the county; for renter-occupied housing, it is the lower. Median home value in Islamorada is 27 percent higher than that of the County. Of the vacant housing units in Islamorada (53 percent), nearly 76 percent are vacant for seasonal or recreational use. Table -Housing Statistics, Islamorada, - Housing Characteristics Monroe County Islamorada Housing Units(2010) 5,692 6,187 Housing Units(2018) 6,055 5,919 Housing Units Percent Change(2010-2018) 6.4% -4.3% Housing Occupancy Rate 58.0% 47.2% %of Vacant Units for Seasonal/Recreational Use 69.4% 75.9% Average Household Size(Owner-Occupied) 2.26 2.2 Average Household Size(Renter-Occupied) 2.01 2.51 %of Housing Units with no Vehicles Available 2.9% 8.6% %of Housing Units that are mobile homes 2.7% 16.2% Median Home Value $593,100 $389,300 Source: U.S.Census Bureau 2010 Decennial Census,American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Economy The following tables present key economic statistics for Islamorada as compared to the county and the state. The Village was estimated to have an unemployment rate of 2 percent in 2018, lower than the County's and the State's; 9.8 percent of the population was reported to be living below the poverty line. Table . -Economic Statistics, Islamorada, Demographic&Social Characteristics Islamorada Monroe Florida County Median Household Income $76,289 $67,023 $53,267 Per Capita Income $58,419 $43,477 $30,197 Unemployment Rate 2.0% 2.9% 6.3% of Individuals Below Poverty Level 6.8 11.8% 14.8% %Without Health Insurance 9.8% 17.8% 13.5% Source: US Census Bureau Decennial Census 2000,Decennial Census 2010;American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates Table F.6 shows employment statistics for Islamorada compared to the county and the state average.The City has a higher share of its employed population working in the retail trade industry as well as the Professional, scientific, and management, and administrative and waste management services, but a lower share in the arts, entertainment, and recreation, and accommodation and food services industry. Table -Islamorada I Industry,2018 Industry Islamorada Monroe County Florida Agriculture,forestry,fishing and hunting,and mining 2.8% 1.9% 1.0% Construction 4.5% 7.8% 7.3% Manufacturing 3.8% 2.4% 5.1% Wholesale trade 2.2% 2.0% 2.7% Retail trade 13.8% 11.7% 12.9% fkftr:iroe Cm�iruty,11ol uda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1506; ANNEX F: ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS Industry Islamorada Monroe County Florida Transportation and warehousing,and utilities 8.2% 6.0% 5.4% Information 0.7% 1.2% 1.9% Finance and insurance,and real estate and rental and leasing 10.1% 7.1% 7.7% Professional,scientific,and management,and administrative and waste management services 12.5% 9.9% 13.1% Educational services,and health care and social assistance 13.7% 14.5% 21.0% Arts,entertainment,and recreation,and accommodation and food services 17.3% 23.9% 12.2% Other services,except public administration 6.2% 4.8% 5.3% Public administration 4.1% 6.9% 4.3% Source: U.S.Census Bureau,2014-2018 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates IIIIIIIIII IIIIII IIIIIIIII IIII IIIIIIIIII III IIIII IIIII Illlll IIIIIIIIII IIIII IIIIII IIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIII III IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII UV V VI V I I IU19 I tl A luillll�lu�llluuil�lllllllllllllllllllll�ludllllulu uuuio�uu�lluu��lluulllluu�uuuoilluuio�uuuuullllluuoiliuuu�uu�lluijui uuuuli�ui�llluu�����ui� This section contains a summary of Islamorada's asset inventory as well as hazard profile and vulnerability assessment for those hazards that are spatially defined and have variations in risk that could be evaluated quantitatively on a jurisdictional level. The hazards included in this section are: Flood, Sea Level Rise, Storm Surge, and Wildfire. Asset Inventory The following tables summarize the asset inventory for Islamorada Village of Islands in order to estimate the total physical exposure to hazards in this area. Included is total building exposure, critical facilities, and critical infrastructure. Figure F.1 displays the location of critical facilities in Islamorada. Table . —Islamorada it ing Exposure by Occupancy Occupancy Estimated Structure Value Estimated Content Total Value Parcel Count Value Marathon 4,847 $1,712,402,813 $931,139,584 $2,643,542,397 Commercial 152 $64,347,527 $64,347,527 $128,695,054 Education 5 $49,660,768 $49,660,768 $99,321,536 Government 9 $16,637,071 $16,637,071 $33,274,142 Industrial 13 $5,115,267 $7,672,901 $12,788,168 Religious 9 $9,000,455 $9,000,455 $18,000,910 Residential 4,659 $1,567,641,725 $783,820,863 $2,351,462,588 Source:Monroe County Parcel Data,2020 Table —Critical Facilities& Infrastructure by Type c H O +� C E E L L te ` L i 0J + O. a+ u O H OJ Vf Jurisdiction a U W W LU LL C7 2 2 a �n ° Islamorada Village of 6 7 1 1 1 1 17 Islands Source:Monroe County Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1507 x IIIIIIIIIIIII�!�@IIIII 0 r gr r m ti y 1 W a*w� z n t LL a p V o LL 'i LL LL tG`w E v v o� z N C Z gj Do w m O �Iq M LA X al 3 Z !I += o N Q .zh o ANNEX F: ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS F.3.1 Flood Table F.9 details the acreage of Islamorada's total area by flood zone on the effective DFIRM;it also shows a comparison to the preliminary DFIRM released in December 2019. Nearly 93 percent of Islamorada falls within the mapped 1%-annual-chance floodplains; this would drop to approximately 90 percent on the 2019 preliminary maps. The data in this risk assessment is based off FEMA's 2012 DFIRM. Figure F.2 reflects the effective mapped flood hazard zones for Islamorada. Figure F.3 displays the depth of flooding estimated to occur in these areas during the 1%-annual-chance flood. Table -Flood Zone Acreage in Islamoracla Effective DFIRM(2012) Preliminary DFIRM(2019) Percent Percent Change from t o t o Flood Zone Acreage Total Acreage Total Effective(acres) AE 3,672.2 80.1% 3,552.0 77.5% -120.2 VE 579.3 12.6% 570.5 12.4% -8.8 AO 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.2%Annual Chance 140.2 3.1% 356.0 7.8% 215.8 Flood Hazard Unshaded X 194.5 4.2% 107.8 2.3% -86.7 Open Water 0.0 0.0% 0.0 0.0% 0.0 Total 4,586.2 -- 4,586.3 -- 0.1 SFHA Total 4,251.5 92.7% 4,122.5 89.9% -129.0 Source:FEMA Effective DFIRM Note:The differences between the effective FIRM and the preliminary FIRM are significant will likely still change.These details are provided here only as a comparison-all further flood analysis is based in the 2012 Effective DFIRM. Table F.10 provides building counts and estimated damages by occupancy type for the 1%annual chance flood event. Table . -Islamoracla EstimatedBuilding Content Loss, l Chance Flood Buildings Building and Estimated Estimated Loss Occupancy Impacted Contents Cost Building Damages Content Damages Total Damage Ratio Commercial 132 $121,889,940 $2,027,543 $5,688,006 $7,715,549 6% Educational 4 $32,403,396 $9,499 $51,294 $60,793 0% Government 9 $33,274,142 $133,473 $825,088 $958,561 3% Industrial 12 $12,589,308 $94,091 $171,860 $265,951 2% Religious 8 $15,329,286 $305,160 $1,887,999 $2,193,159 14% Residential 4,498 $1,794,035,376 $191,245,097 $115,385,318 $306,630,415 17% Total 4,663 $2,009,521,448 $193,814,863 $124,009,565 $317,824,428 16% Source:HAZUS Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1509 IIIIIIIIIIIIII�!!i!!��IIIII CD r r i 0 re � N N N iN m r ' to m ua N R JJ Y C � � O. E N 0 LL uj LL N LL o OF ,,. I=2. v z. LL V1 C Z g � Do O l7 g ao� LA LLI � u tvaiu NO aLA r r r a Fit 3 c M y Z •��� � �Lev � � � III o .. � � o L a H � w � r, pnR ru R Q / Ll J m J. LL m r 'O e Q E u v a-I � 0 0 E a v v°r LL z` N I C en Z 5 w J Do U. ba4 0 O ._ l7 g bo Zl EA LLLj µ;,o X iva�u NO a ANNEX F: ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS F.3.2 Sea Level Rise Table F.11 details the number of parcels affected by 1, 2, and 3 feet of sea level rise in Islamorada. In total, over 30 percent of all parcels in Islamorada will be impacted by 3 feet of sea level rise. Figure FA displays 1,2,and 3 feet of sea level rise and highlights affected parcels. Table —Parcels AffectedLevel Rise, Islamorada Estimated Parcel Parcels Affected by Sea Level %of Parcels Occupancy Rise Impacted by 3 Count(total) 1 Ft 2 Ft 3 Ft ft SLR Marathon 4,847 32 298 1,461 30.1% Commercial 152 4 13 34 22.4% Education 5 1 1 1 20.0% Government 9 1 2 3 33.3% Industrial 13 1 1 2 15.4% Religious 1 9 1 0 0 3 1 33.39/c Residential 4,659 25 281 1,418 Source:Monroe County Parcel Data,2020 1%ftr'Ni ode CourVty,110 Vda Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1512 � IIIIIIIIIIIII��!!pIV IIIIIIIII M r M r w4l, v a N cm ID u r m U N U n � m ;yr Q p � q o 71 N H W`a LL qj Q J p M M '1 b aj a o -J a w IA CL <' E H awl, mi LL a vv a NQ J q^,y °gyp e 40 , �d E a o ¢ Vf c o N OQ riLA ii X LN 4) 7 Z 3 ���h C7 cq coq ANNEX F: ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS F.3.3 Storm Surge Table F.12 summarizes the number of parcels in Islamorada that will be impacted by storm surge resulting from all categories of hurricane. Parcels are counted only once for the lowest category storm they will be affected by;it can be assumed that a parcel affected by storm surge associated with a Category 1 hurricane is also impacted by a Category 2 storm surge. In Islamorada, 36 percent of all parcels will be impacted by a storm surge associated with a category 1 hurricane; an additional 46 percent would be impacted by a category 2 storm surge. Figure F.5 displays storm surge inundations for all categories overlaid with impacted parcels. Table . -Storm SurgeImpacts by HurricaneCategory, Islamoracla Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 Occupancy Num %of Num %of Num %of Num %of Num %of Total Total Total Total Total Commercial 36 23.7% 41 27.0% 53 34.9% 14 9.2% 1 0.7% Education 1 20.0% 2 40.0% 0 0.0% 2 40.0% 0 0.0% Government 2 1 22.2% 4 44.4% 1 3 33.3% 0 1 0.0% 0 1 0.0% Industrial 6 46.2% 2 15.4% 0 0.0% 5 38.5% 0 0.0% Religious 2 22.2% 4 44.4% 2 22.2% 1 11.1% 0 0.0% Residential 1,693 36.3% 2,191 47.0% 378 8.1% 241 5.2% 18 0.4% Total 1 1,740 35.9% 1 2,244 46.3% 436 9.0% 263 5.4% 19 0.4% Source:NOAA SLOSH Data,Monroe County Parcels,2020 Note:Percent of total based off total parcel from asset inventory. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 IIIIIIIIIIIIII!!I!!!!I!!IIIIIII r r N te IN aj N U n � m ;yr m fl. lu. m r M '1 ;t O a � o ON -a an L n ,' a Ln UI � e Ea -v I ~� vv z N1 LL Z ba DA LLuj m =o° o EA W z 4) 3 dIC NO ANNEX F: ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS F.3.4 Wildfire Figure F.6 depicts the WUI for Islamorada.The WUI is the area where housing development is built near or among areas of vegetation that may be prone to wildfire. Figure F.7 depicts Burn Probability based on landscape conditions, percentile weather, historical ignition patterns, and historical prevention and suppression efforts. Fire Intensity Scale,which indicates the potential severity of fire based on fuel loads, topography, and other factors, is depicted in Figure F.B. Much of Islamorada is within the WUI, although small areas on the northwestern edges of the islands remain outside of the WUI.Where there is a rating for burn probability,scattered throughout the Village with WUI areas, it is low; otherwise, much of the city is without a burn probability rating.There are small areas of higher characteristic fire intensity throughout the Village, but large swaths of the Village are not rated on the characteristic fire intensity scale. Areas outside of the WUI are the largest areas rated for characteristic fire intensity. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1516;� IIIIIIIIIIIII���!!9IIIIIII r r s a z O U 0 0 mm� M �9 N R � 4 T1 V L � A E (6 L IIJ. r' d C O CJ L E LL LL M1i vv z N C Z g J Do vs a U. pLU o �s v EA i Vl m p^II9q V W T Z al Q LAd�i IIIIIIIIIIIII�!�@IIIII r r a T O n ? yy � A r µph r L � a H 9 J pp ,n^W � ILL. IIO r IM M 0 0 C N ;kk LL - p a LL 1 y E c_a Do v v z N g Do N U.O N" �i N l7 o ES Y s v CINK, a Vl m p^119q V 0EA 0 • J L °AW N x �Pu 3 LLIZ 4) Q ° I' � o IIIIIIIIIIIII��!9!!!!�IIIII r r y ^ T p ppp C�L i nl 9 s a T N Lin 4 w O 0 0 N k� CD Y ! "��pp� u ul y'LL G � LL ao LL a z N C v1 a LU Nh ` � c C Y Vl c N �; u — Ike XLLI ZJ t u �T'��, O Z Q vci s, NO ANNEX F: ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS uuuui uii uiii»»uuui uu uiuui ui uu liiuuuuuiuuii ui uui uio lulu uuiuui uiu Uuu uu uu uuiuiu ui uuuuuiuuii i t II I i l l l I I I l i l I 11 I I � lU o U l tI A I II � ���, l iui�Illl�ui�IIIIIIuu��������������������Iluuuuoiui�IllilllUuillll@'uullllllillUuuuuio�ui uuuuidui����ui��uui���uullllluu�uuuoilluuio�uuuuuilllluuo�uuuu�uu�lluijui uuuuii�ui�llluu�����ui� F.4.1 Comprehensive Plan and Land Use Much of the Village is developed with a mix of single-family residences, multi-family dwellings, tourist lodging,commercial retail,professional offices,marine uses including commercial fishing,tourist-oriented recreation uses, and government uses. The Village's Comprehensive Plan was developed in 2001 and most recently updated in September 2017. The Plan is made up of nine elements that each contain coordinated Goals,Objectives,and Policies. Many of the elements and the associated goals, objectives, and directly address hazards and support hazard mitigation: Objective 1-2.6: Manage conservation resources Objective 1-4.3:Coastal area population densities and hurricane evacuation plans Objective 1-4.5: Protect natural resources Objective 4-3.1: Implement stormwater improvements Objective 5-1.1: Protect coastal resources,wetlands,estuaries, living marine resources, and wildlife habitat. Objective 5-1.3: Identify, assess, and restrict development in wetlands. Objective 5-1.6: Minimize coastal hazards Objective 5-1.8: Limit public subsidy of development in the coastal high-hazard area Objective 5-1.9:Avoid population concentration in the coastal high-hazard area Objective 5-1.10: Coordinate hurricane evacuation Objective 5-1.11: Facilitate post-disaster redevelopment Objective 6-1.3: Protect floodplain functions Islamorada relies on a points-based building permit allocation system (BPAS). The BPAS promotes affordable housing and redevelopment of existing structures as well as regulates the rate of growth to deter further deterioration of public facilities level of service and environmental impacts of development. While development is mostly redevelopment of existing structures, new units have been added. All of these new units adhere to the County's ROGO. The table below summarizes permits issued in the three calendar years prior to this plan update.The Village's future land use map is on the following page. Table F.13—Islamorada Building Permit Statistics(2017-2019) Type of Development CY 2017 CY 2018 CY 2019 New single Family 50 39 58 New Other(commercial,industrial, religious,etc.) 2 3 1 New Multi-Family(2 or more) 1 1 - Commercial (additions, renovation,conversion) - 3 2 Residential(additions, renovation,conversions) 5 4 25 Other - - - Demolition 12 12 22 Relocation - - - Manufactured home(permanent,temporary) - 2 - Source:Local Mitigation Strategy Data Collection Guide Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 CT E C �2 cn U 0 fD 7) 0 Z3 0 yr "41 W M W 0 (D 25 Z5 Q) il N LI ... ......A111111111 Afl, It, A C .2 Ln -4 u Yl Lin m 60 u LL m 'a :2 m a. I- E 0 E LL rrr CL m LL CL z E 0 :p- Y U. m 0 LU CL m m -0 m E Do 0 OP ir E C) M, m rL U 0 m .2 EA E 0 LZ E x LU 4) T z 2 a z m cq 0 LA coq CIO Z: 0. u') KID E J (D 0 u —j C. L. Lo .,2 E w 01 0 (D 0 1) (D ur", ar cl- cr 0 ila ILL IN U., rrrl A A, rn "t r4l in u U) M Lon m m co u LL m T 'a :2 m III a. I- E 0 E // Ax� r LL CL a w m L.. .0 LL .............................. CL CL z E 0 Do Yv' / %/// i // Do 00 p m LU %// CL m E .0 m Do m t: M, m .2 EA T 0 E x LU 4) T z 2 a m cq 0 ............................................................................................ ............... coq C �2 C > Q) (j) 'o a) 1) lA x Q) Q) 0 Q) cy ce, ce EY L7) ILL L11- rn ei Ln u r4 CA Ln rn r4 o u LL c m 'a :2 m 0 a. I- E E Ax� LL CL m LL CL z E 0 4� Do L! Do m 0 m LLI m '113 m 12 0 E ,T) ............................. m m 4u 0 LZ x ui z cq cq ANNEX F: ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS F.4.2 Floodplain Management Islamorada Village of Islands joined the NFIP through regular entry in October 1998. The City is a participant in the Community Rating System and is a Class 6 community.The following tables reflect NFIP policy and claims data for the City categorized by structure type,flood zone, Pre-FIRM and Post-FIRM. Table . —NFIP PolicyClaims Structure Number of Insurance in Number of Closed Total of Closed Structure Type Policies in Force Total Premium Force Paid Losses Paid Losses Single Family 2,099 $2,627,101 $584,228,000 698 $19,643,974.99 2-4 Family 125 $119,287 $31,743,500 43 $979,501.89 All Other Residential 1,106 $481,301 $231,523,000 84 $6,888,283.70 Non Residential 330 $2,071,446 $142,025,100 242 $22,137,335.03 Total 3,660 $5,299,135 $989,519,600 1,067 $49,649,095.61 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table . —NFIP PolicyClaims I Zone Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 3,219 $4,020,897 $875,452,000 922 $42,560,336.52 A Zones 24 $14,400 $1,704,000 0 $0.00 V01-30&VE Zones 226 $1,115,978 $53,871,000 119 $6,459,150.69 V Zones 2 $1,200 $142,000 0 $0.00 B,C& X Zone Standard 37 $40,294 $8,178,600 13 $529,369.15 Preferred 142 $100,366 $49,462,000 13 $100,239.25 Total 3,650 $5,293,135 $988,809,600 1,067 $49,649,095.61 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table . —NFIP PolicyClaims Pre-FIRM Number of Number of Insurance in Total of Closed Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Closed Paid Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 837 $2,729,510 $230,796,400 563 $36,924,644.90 A Zones 24 $14,400 $1,704,000 0 $0.00 V01-30&VE Zones 69 $537,144 $14,416,200 68 $4,116,284.33 V Zones 2 $1,200 $142,000 0 $0.00 B,C& X Zone 63 $48,964 $17,746,400 16 $407,796.57 Standard 16 $23,022 $3,604,400 11 $338,875.72 Preferred 47 $25,942 $14,142,000 5 $68,920.85 Total 995 $3,332,228 $264,805,000 647 $41,448,725.80 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 Table F.17—NFIP Policy and Claims Data Post-FIRM Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses A01-30& AE Zones 2,382 $1,291,387 $644,655,600 359 $5,635,691.62 V01-30&VE Zones 157 $578,834 $39,454,800 51 $2,342,866.36 Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1524;�� ANNEX F: ISLAMORADA VILLAGE OF ISLANDS Number of Number of Flood Zone Policies in Total Premium Insurance in Closed Paid Total of Closed Force Force Losses Paid Losses B,C& X Zone 116 $91,696 $39,894,200 10 $221,811.83 Standard 21 $17,272 $4,574,200 2 $190,493.43 Preferred 95 $74,424 $35,320,000 8 $31,318.40 Total 2,655 $1,961,917 $724,004,600 420 $8,200,369.81 Source: FEMA Community Information System,accessed November 2020 C o iin t lii iin ii.,u e d P11 i::i i:p C o iirn 111p III lii a u Islamorada entered the NFIP when it incorporated in 1997 by adoption of an ordinance that complies with the requirement of the program.To continue compliance with the NFIP,the Village will: Enforce the adopted floodplain management ordinance, including reviewing all development proposals in the SFHA and enforcing the requirements of the ordinance, and inspecting both permitted development and unpermitted activities; Maintain records pertaining to floodplain development, including flood maps and Letters of Map Change,which shall be available for public inspection; Notify the public when there are proposed changes to the ordinance or FIRMS; Implement activities recognized by the NFIPs CRS; and Promote the purchase of NFIP flood insurance policies as financial protection; Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1525, LN O '" H o 0 u o w w ac0i� E c c Q i O T O T m V u E v u E O 1�0 C O pma m O pma m ca) r0 a) r0 O E m 0 E m w w LL- C O i V V ai 0 10 m a) a) a) a) ++ L m O1 0 w {n w {n Z w d •0 2 2 L a c '0 otS ? uX -W N N N N 0 w i a i a•-I M Q M aJ tN/1 L M Q f/1 M m m Q Q Q Ln Ln 0 C Ln O C E o w c m 0 m C "a of = C 0 0 L t m d0 0 :c - 0 m C C L E `1 fa w0 L Q 00 O 'C U fa N U T 'S 0 *' M O d O m OL ++ of L 0a d 'gyp C U > of a) y, M w (7Vr ++ L _ _ if of U = = N 00 t; T C _. 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N 4+ rn m C i N a--I N N N N N a M aJ tN/1 L M Q f/1 M m N m Q Q Q Q Q Q Q b+ Ln C +' N m O E O N !n 2 +O+ N Z7 ` N C pa 'O C N N r- m C m of E N 'O w Oa m ` L C W 'C W C m a) aj 7 41 C O O -O E S L Z > C a 4, H a ai E m v� In O a) c c E .�' aj m C `C E Y L` m ` 0a O O - 7 O c ai in Ln H m 41 ai M a C u Ln m a, > n O a, E E p +, w ai 01 3 CL _ c O O_ ,n ,n m E C O a) c c H c O O ai c� C O L C N m +, � 2 ` ` •o ` aC t`o t`o > m O ai a) Z O C O m 0a a) 0 aj L N 41 Q N N Q T) ++ -0 0 C Ln C m d L 0a m - 7a T a) � E = E m m et m vs _ '> O E o Co o -0 m e o U. no r`o m + m s �41 o aa)i 4 ° n aj Ln : } E `a -0 `o � m m W C Q- v n o — aj a m c ai C O U �n tw 'n 4' 0 r`o 1 to m O 41 O C c W 2 C L ii VTf 2 C•. 7 to aC to J Q Q C N C a) C Y L C Y L C Y L C Y L C Y L C Y S 7 7 7 U 7 U 7 U 7 U 7 U 7 c O +� O } O ro m O ro m O ro m O ro m O ro m O m n t U �o U U c O v U c a v U c a v U c a v U c a v U c -a a O m CoO m CoO m CoO m CoO m CoO m of v a v n v ai ai ai ai ai H O O O Y p T c O Y p T c O Y p T c O Y p T c O Y p T c O Y 0 L c c c •c `c '�° E o c E o c E o c m E o c m E o c T E C g 3 O O O O O m m O m m O m m O m m O m m O m m LL z O N Nm Lnz a a LN V H O u a� E L C. O i ++ O 4 d ++ m u 2r .L O a 4J 'O otS ? uOi +� H v oa M H H L M M a f/1 M L m N m C m Ln N N U � N c OJ O — c m }� U m a 'n L L IA N U N � � L N1 c U M p O a c g a Qa L L N O Y U. U 0 a, W C Ln g � 4- a N p o M N g '3 N � ii X 0 Z -i Z a a La O O O O H o 0 0 0 0 0 0 67 m m m to r-IO 4j). 4j). 4j). 4j). 4j). m 5. \ a+ U N 41 U U U Y L N m ++ L L L E E = a a a CC d LL � � -p 'a 'a Ln O 'a N 'O "O 'O m Q O Y O O N 0 0 0 0 O Ln E E U E E Y E Y E -he 9i L a i i 9i O a+ O >' >' >' of of a+� - Q 41 Q- y Q W U N U N m O O O O 0 0 0 O 41 a 41 a` 2r .o = _ a 4J 'O ad ? 4' �^ m m m C Iq Iq N r-I N a w N O1 N Ln M O > O > _O Q U J V ) N CJ N V N w M EnN f0 N Q_ 0 Q 0 41 of m _ O O O O Q H LL Q Q H LL U 41 LL O O O f0 LL `-' E L O m C V Ln O O c c - m 4+ w O O a) Ln O ` � two to two N 3 N m C n m v o C C LL Q N — C 41 O o 41 a) w a)Z u Y 4 0 - LL g Q fO No mr Ln a m chi O +� O N = O 0 c " O m t -O 'n �n m a N 41 c O W •— -6 ++ In O W O w` g E O mv ai > c W U- LL LL I= O m J a N c s m m m m Mn E E E E E g x 0 0 LU Ln Ln Ln Ln U3 APPENDIX A: PLAN REVIEW TOOL This page intentionally left blank 1%4.ortaroe Cot iiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1534 APPENDIX A: PLAN REVIEW TOOL 2020 IFllorida Local Mitigation Strategy WS) Crosswalk INSTRUCTIONS: Enter the requested information in each field below. For each requirement, please populate the"Location in Plain"cells with your plan,page nuimbers.The National Flood Insurance Program's(NFIP)Community Rating System (CRS)Crosswalk anid EMAP standards have been integrated into the LMS Crosswalk to facilitate review of the planning requirements under this program.The CRS requirements can be hidden or shown by clicking the '+/'on the left hand side,of the worksheet depending on whether or not communities choose to participate. If your community chooses to minimize the CRS requiirements in this worksheet,please select the review tab,click on"Unprotect Sheet",click the"-" next to each CRS requirement,and click"Protect Sheet" to ensure the funtionality of the tool, Jurisdiction: Title of Plan: Date of Plan: t 0 0 De Monroe County, FFLiMoniroe County M ulti-JurisclicUoI7 "20- c Local Point of Contact: Address: Jeff Manning 490 63rd Street Ocean,Suite 150 Title: Marathon, FL 33050 Senior Planner Agency: Monroe County Emergency Management Phone Number: Email: 305-289-6325 IM a in nil.rL'2,.7 . .... State Reviewer: Title: Date: Ian Ohlin Mitigation Planner 111/24/2020 Date Received by FDEM: 11/23/2020 Date Plan Not Approved: Date Plan Approved Pending Adoption; -Date Plan Approved: FEMIA Reviewer: Title: Date: Date Received by in FEMA Region IV: Date Plan Not Approved: ,Date Plan Approved Pending Adoption: jDate Plan Approved: Mbrt roe Cotu rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX A: PLAN REVIEW TOOL ProcessPlanning Does the LMS document the planning process, including Section 2;Appendix P1, how it was prepared (with a narrative description, meeting X minutes,sign-in sheets,or another method)? 6= pg 8, 13,448-462 Does the LMS list the jurisdiction(s)participating in the Sectionl.3,Table P `, plan that are seeking approval? 1.1, pg.2 Does the plan identify who represented each jurisdiction? Pa. (At a minimum, it miust identify the jurisdiction, Section 2,Table 2.3, X represented and the person's position,or title and agency pg. 11-13 within the jurisdiction.) Reviewer Comments: Pi: Planning process narrative provided on page 8,with extensive supporting documentation included l in Appendix B. g u.uiiircd 2evis1igirsd P2:lindudue uiur2 sFue(,Jai r1u.usti cts v010 Dui°:sue 6 Doug adDisuion.. RLVi5M:Added I=KAA, FKEC, and KEYS Energy to.i"ablr, 1.'1. Planning Process • - . Does the LMS document an opportunity for neighboring communities,local,and regional agencies involved in Appendix B, pg.4449, P4. hazard mitigation activities,agencies that have the 5O8 X authority to regulate development,as well as other interested parties to be involved in the planning process? Does the plan identify how the stakeholders were invited Section 2.8; to participate in the process? Appendix B, pg.20 X Does the LMS document how the public was involved in Section 2.7; "" the planning process during the drafting stage? Appendix B, pg. 19 X Reviewer Comments:P4: LMS WG meeting minutes and notes highlight the inclusion of other interested parties,and extensive stakeholder list on page 508 includes representatives from non-profits,educationall institutions,surrounding municipalities,state and federal government,as well as the business community. P5: plan indicates dlirect mail invitations were used to invite stakeholders to participate in LMS 1l'WG meetings. P6: table 2.7 on page 19 provides a full breakdown of how and when public outreach and involvement were conducted in support of the planning process.This is an excellent feature of the plan. ilea uLh ed R v'msi ssu°ris. M.or:aroe Couu°u,ty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1536 APPENDIX A: PLAN REVIEW TOOL Planning r, • (continued) Location in Plan Met Not Met Does the LMS describe the review and incorporation of PJ. existing plans,studies, reports,and technical information? Section 2,Tablle 2.2 X Reviewer Comments:P7:a list of existing resources consulted,and their corresponding influence on the plan is provided on page 13. VulnerabilityHazard Risk and Assessment Does the Plan include a general description of all natural Section 4: "Hazard R1' hazards that can affect each jurisdiction? Description" Does the Plan provide rationale for the omission of any R2, naturail hazards that are commonly recognized to affect Section 5 Tabde the jurisdiction(sf in the planning area? 4` Reviewer Comments: gggiu ei ReOsuoins;.... Hazard Risk • Vulnerability • Does the Plan include a description of the location for all R3. natural hazards that can affect each jurisdiction? Section 4: "Location" X Reviewer Comments: Eggghre ev si„pus;... M.ortaroe Cotuu°tty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1537� APPENDIX A: PLAN REVIEW TOOL VulnerabilityHazard Risk and Assessmentr Location . does the Pllan include a description of the extent for alT" natural hazards that can affect each jurisdiction? ectiion 4: "Extent X Reviewer Comments: R,e uui°iu° d Il, i 'iruu,u Hazard Risk and . .ility Assessment does the Pllan include information on previous Section 4: "Historical R occurrences of hazard events for each jurisdiction? Occurences" Reviewer Comments: Hazard Risk and Vulnerability Assessment(cont) Location in Plan Met Not Met does the Pllan include information on the probability of Section 4: F " ;future hazard events for each purisdfction? "Probability of"' X Reviewer Comments: RL,jt,AuMmsd i'rn�aisuoa"us M.ortaroe Cotuuiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1538 APPENDIX A: PLAN REVIEW TOOL VulnerabilityHazard Risk and ' (cont) Location in Plan Met Not Met Is there a description of each hazardl's impacts oin each jurrisdiction (what happens to structures infrastructure Section 4: " people,environment, etc.)?lDoes this also include a list of "Vulnerability X Assessment" critical facilities to remain open during times of a disaster?' Reviewer Comments: Seuviised' II' evllsiir:ru°rs;„ Hazard Risk and Vulnerability Assessment (cont) A Is there a description of each identified hazard's overall Section 4: vulnerability (structures,systems, populations or other "Vulnerability R8, community assets defined by the community that are Assessment"; X identified as being susceptible to damage and loss from "Hazard Summary by hazard events)for each jurisdiction? Jurisdiction" Reviewer Comments: i io y�srpvuu° ... lJevu styiss'... Hazard Risk and Vulnerability Assessment (cont) Location in Plan Met Not Met Does the Phan,describe the type(residential commercial, Section 4,Table R9, institutional,etc.)and number of FEMA repetitive loss 4.20 74 y properties within each jurisdiction? ' pg. Reviewer Comments: ggggh,e (Revisions yy,�; t:sl.ulk: �l��20 on -,)age 74 �Ists tine td:atZd 4Iasii°urlkll of�cil'y tiLive loss Ilri�wl°:rbiim'ties sy f.. aui 15a9uld iaaul O:asst:does nw:^.ka.sr.:rVlise Uhw;"us by tyl:prr Le, a m..;�nir$suuaY.ia�,+:.rsursu°sasass.i si,or Gast in sse:ussncal, REVISIONS. Data has been i..wpdated with iiresformation fraum FEMA.Statement on approxir mate, break down between residential and r7oin residentual has been added.We are currently w affini on additional data from FEIA. M.ortaoet,otutir:ty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1539t APPENDIX A: PLAN REVIEW TOOL Mitigation Strategy Location in Plan Met Not Met rSI Toes the Plan include goals to reduce/avoid long-term Section 6.1, pg. 212- ulnerabiilities to the identified hiazardls? 214 X Reviewer Comments:S1:goals and objectives laid out on page 212. Itequi:ed litvviisiioris Mitigation (continued) Does the plan document each jurisdiction's existing 52 authorities,policies, programs and resources and its ability section 5,pg. 200- X to expand on and improve these existing policies and 2.04 programs? Reviewer Comments:S2:relevant plains,ordinances,and programs by jurisdiction are listed on pages 201 and 202.The ability of jurisdictions to improve on these capabilities is discussed on page 202. i1ggLiiore..:. s " rt .. � Iltvvu�i�su:,:... Mitigation Strategy (continued) Location in Plan Met Not Met Does the Plan address whether or not each jurisdiction 53. participates in the National Flood (Insurance Program Section 5.2.1.1, X (NFIP)and how they will continue to comply with NFIP Table 5.2, pg. 205 requirements? Reviewer Comments:S3:plan states that all jurisdictions in Monroe County participate in the NFIP and will continue to comply and, in many instances,take actions that go above and beyond stated requirements for NFIP compliance.These actions are explored in greater detail in each community's individual plan annex. .g gori.rP IIIt�r� r:nre.. Iltrvu�o„ IMortaroe t,otuu°tty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1540 APPENDIX A: PLAN REVIEW TOOL Mitigationr Does the Plan identify and analyze a comprehensive rainge Section 6;Appendix S4, (different alternatives)of specific mitigation actions and C,pg. 216-230,503- X projects to reduce the impacts from hazardls? 526 Reviewer Comments:S4:plan explores a wide range of alternative mitigation actions and protective measures,and includes information on the rationale for pursuit of certain actions ahead of others. Pr qAiired Ilite osjons:: Mitigation Strategy (continued) Location in Plan Met Not Met Section 7; Does the Pllan identify mitigation actions for every hazard Jurisdictional. 55. posing a threat to each participating jurisdiction? Annexes, pg.216- 226 Reviewer Comments:55:mitigation action plan/project list on page 216 includes multiple actions or projects that address all natural hazards for all participating jurisdictions. For example,action#2 "Emergency Management Training Programs."" E":y�i�:wmam� IIltr.viiyjyir: ,- Mitigation (continued) Do the identified mitigation actions and projects have an Section 7,pg.216- $6, emphasis on new and existing buildings and 226 X infrastructure? 7 Does the Pllan explain how the mitigation actions and Section 6;Appendix X projects will be prioritized (including cost benefit review)? D, pg.213-214 Does the Pllan identify the position,office,department,or agency responsible for implementing and administering Section 7,pg.216- 5f3. the action/project,estimated cost, potentiail funding 2.26 sources and expected timeframes for completion? M.ortaroe t,otuu°tty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1541 APPENDIX A: PLAN REVIEW TOOL Reviewer Comments:S6:mitigation action plan includes retrofits of existing facilities as well as new construction projects.S7: plan does state that mitigation actions are awarded points based on STAPLES method,and then prioritized as high,medlium,and llow.A full cost-benefit analysis is not conducted before prioritization but availability of funding andl percieved cost-effectiveness is considered during the process. Bf�qajred i1eykioins:S8. at 42 L, 35,and 113 havie �he ead slinifly istied as vionlrue Coui!Hy Action 415 i HA,,fire (1a:d tiIgeIWV r.6 Cilly Of[WVUM EsUinatedl funding swvcus we Ilsted bui esikrnaued costs,are atrsentLastly,an,. t1nie lnciude i lllnplemei lotion Urnehines a projecv d stl:H t tc finWlh tlrm4rarne t()r COIT-111-flPtion,or ill m hpra Irange of whipin actk,)rir,, may begin"P' RIEVISIOlNS IMADE�'Tat-fle 7.1. has beell Updatc�d with rnore specific agencies(Action#21,#35, #11.3,and#1.51) aloing with estimate costs/most range for aHl actions, implementation tirr'loline is the prolected tern efrarne for completion-a note to clarify this has been added to the paragraph preceding table 7.1 M.ort aas Cotu rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX A: PLAN REVIEW TOOL Mitigation • • Location in Plan Met Not Met Does the LMS identify the Vocal planning mechanisms $9, where hazard mitigation information and/or actions may Section 5,pg.201 S be incorporated? Does the plan describe each community's process to Section 8, pg.231- 510, integrate the data, information,and hazard mitigation 232 X goals and actions into other planning mechaniisms? The updated plan must explain Ihow the jurisdiction(s) Jurisdictional incorporated the mitigation plan,when appropriate, into 5 1. other planning mechanisms as a demonstration of Annexes, pg. X progress in local hazard mitigation efforts. 314,340,373,397 Reviewer Comments:510:page 232 lists methods for participating jurisdictions to integrate goals and actions of LMS with their other local planning documents to ensure they work in concert to reduce hazard vulnerability.511:each jurisdictional annex contains a capability assessment that highlights how the overarching goals,objectives,and policies of the LMS are applied within the jurisdictions,with special emphasis placed on floodplain management. l i'ta �u�ure, 1 II°tcrrual npnsr S°�°' Ilpr e ,e adddh scu slion in 5 r.a.a exlwO�[r ing that the II IV';aml in� iagatloir �an�)nd;a i.. r,,hoiiwld be incl:gaorata:d into f h (.: plarY s Hsiiedll Or as.ld Hs't of Isl:rns on Laahpwti rf f (I:w�df pg 231)where Srw wAsciuss the sncorlll" aratiu n asl,ra:y ft. REVISIDNS:A lint of plans/ordpn aces that fin6ngsfrom the i..VlS rnlghl be incorlw¢arated into on page 227 to supplerw"ent tlh e exi`nsUng diisco~,uS,Sion of integration, Plan Evaluation and MaintenanceLocation Throughout Section 3,Section 4, pg,.39- Ml, Was the plan revised to reflect changes in development? 41,82, 107, 117, X 132, 146, 162-163, 171-184 Was the plan revised to reflect progress in local mitigation M2, efforts?(Were projects completed,deleted or deferred Section Table Table 2.8, X e 2.9 and why if they were deleted or deferred?) Mal Was the Iplan revised to reflect changes in priorities since Section 6(goals and X the plan was previously approved? I objectives) pg. 212 Reviewer Comments:M1:climate change and sea level rise vulnerabilities are explored throughout the H11RA. M3:the evolution of goals and objectives from the previous LMS to the current plan is outlined on page 212. M.or:a roe 1,ir:atuu°tty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1543 APPENDIX A: PLAN REVIEW TOOL q' IL�Luk ave prkiWic"w Change"Since Mast ulpdatc?Is there a MOW IaMl'd 01 M11CC1 tyl[)C al, i is 1:11eas( i1dudea stateirli+'int RIEVISIONS:-A staternent has been added on page 208 to state that priorifies have largelly stayed the sairne b U the I MSWG allso prioritized BRICfundinig,and diversification of mitigation actions. Plan Evaluation and Maintenance (continued) Location in Plan Met Not Met Does the plan identify how,when,and by whom the plan M4, wil'il be monitored(how will implementation be tracked) Section 8, pg.233 x over time? MS. Does the,plan identify how,when,and by whom the plan Section 8, pg.233- x will be evaluated(assessing the effectiveness of the plan 234 M61. Does the plan identify how,when,and by whom the plan 1 Section 8,pg.234 X will be updated during the 5-year cycle? Reviewer Comments: Requ ljltllelld"V:lile,vlils,ololpl,sl;'I Plan Evaluation and Maintenance (continued) Location in Plan Met Not Met Is there discussion of how the community(les)will Section 8, pg.234- M7, continue public participation in the plan maintenance 235 x 1process? I I I Reviewer Comments: Requhed RevNions� Plan Adoption Location in Plan Met Not Met Does the Plan include documentation that the plan has Al, been formally adopted by the governing body of the jurisdiction requesting approvall? For multi-jurisdictional plains,has each jurisdiction AZ, requesting approval of the plan documented formal plan ladoption? Reviewer Comments: !d!gglirod ih'Msloins: M.ort roe Cot�i rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1544 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION uuui ui Iui ui Iui ui Iui uu uIi uu uuo null uuuuuiuuuuui uiuli Iiil uiuu Iuuuu uu Iiiu uI Iiiiliii uuuui uuuui uuuuuu uiuu uuiiii uuliui uliiuu uulu Iiii«��uI1 Iuuiui uuuuuiuuu ui uuuuu uuuu Iu Iui ui Iui Table B.1—LIVISWG Meeting Topics, Dates,and Locations li I I I II lu � II i u IIUI l i it III II �I i I II I I� I I I I II I I I l 1111 i l I I I I I Meeting Title Meeting Topic Meeting Date Meeting Location 1) Introduction to DMA,CRS,and FMA LMSWG Mtg. requirements and the planning process June 16,2020 Zoom Video #1—Project 2) Review of LMSWG responsibilities and .m. Conference Call Kick-Off the project schedule. 2 p 3) Discuss local capability 1) Review Draft Hazard Identification& LMSWG Mtg. Risk Assessment(HIRA) September 2,2020 Zoom Video #2 2) Review and update plan goals and 2 p.m. Conference Call objectives LMSWG Mtg. 1) Report on status of actions from the November 10,2020 Zoom Video #3 2015 plan 1 P.M. Conference Call 2) Draft Mitigation Action Strategies LMSWG Mtg. 1) Review the Draft Hazard Mitigation Plan November 23,2020 Zoom Video #4 2) Solicit comments and feedback 3 p.m. Conference Call Note: All LMSWG Meetings were open to the public. Mbrtaroe Couiiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1545 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION LMSWG Meeting Minutes and Attendance LMSWG Meeting 1: June 16, 2020 Monri:re COunty Local MN,gatlori Strategy Mee ii 1-ILocal Miligation StfrategyWorking6rotip Project IKtck-Clff'Meefing Tanie& Date:Tuesday Juii 2020 2:100 PM Locatwv):Zoom,Video Conference Call [ntroductions David Stirm.vd arid Abby Moore,, consultaivts frioiin'Wood, facflitated: the meeting Davild Ibegaun lby Yowi in,I i di g t he rineeii ng�apenda.He then fnarl Jeri IMa rini ng:of Mon re-re County introdw,:e him5A f.Jeff Pxph iff'od that a Ithau R.h the 1.10S update inibally had a Jur e 20,20 deadfine For review and adoptian, IM wnrav County iregwMested tio push the dearAlme in orsier t,io receive gxaint fund Tara g ci Ililta Tian aiu l update of tKe plan The finat dea lin lde i wiq be in frir the fa Elecieviber for appravM firnin FEIVIA, and adoption There were 23 peop6e in, attend,,ame and ri-.acorded vi,a sciepnishots of the 2owm parti,inparls. fist Hazard IMiltitation Plart Update Requirement David disciusseld the Dimster hAilqation Art of 2000 plan update irsiquireirnemnt and the HMGP i Iproness,. Gunrnk.rnkdies arpr irequired to upirlate li liazard m1figaitiort pfains every five years ter ireranawin efigible for federal disaster funding Trends ilin IDisaste,rs. Trends arse resulting,14-w increases cosits fini disariter respomie and recovery As growth and developirnei-A. occur,, Exposure to hazarld ewents increase� Ewposure to risk imidt.rdes the people a.s well as the liffirastFuct"ure-sand bulildings. Because! expasum Kas litc.reased,when 11,azard eva nU,occur i dwnagr...� There aii also, trenids toward,n iore sever e hazarld o.-sveri,ts Th efe has lymn a roi A inual irKre ase in Kam rd expei ises and an 4izre ane in tKe issummie of rp*ar dvs,;aister declarations David i as Hst of the co"lliLnt natural' dusa:stfflrs by N,0AA estirriateis AH or them ociiparneid wilth1h the Ibst 30 years,and 1.2 Hof the 16 ociurrer.1,moithin the Ids-1 20 yean- Davl�d als,in noted flial:these ants are gerieral darnaRe entiirnates,lbut than the acty;ml i of idisaster's tior state aind local govprarneiits,businesmi.is"insurance compard,es,homeowners,and others is inuch higlier. Fbur reasons wfiy aiddriessing tPwse trerrds is a 1prioirity were presente& I the co of doing:ru:fthhig is too hgli as the i of iriespanse and rvcovery con-finue to grow; 2,) rnany events are predictal5te and rppeuIivel 3) Nasis reductilon, artivifies can be url'dertakpn" am"T they wc�-rk, they're i effective and enOronrneniaHy siound, and there are funds avadab6e to help,and'4 the are iegAl and rimiral responsibitlies to act. Planning Requirements David i LKe Disaster Mitigation Art lIDM,Ai of 2000 plainining requi ire r-nenis. which indude a four pKase ptanrflinig process: oqain4e resrx.irr.eEr;,, rusk assessmen(l i a mniptian 1plan, and adloption, and implenter.tafion. Thu approach that,willl led,bq ttte consultaint team at Wood Iblenrds this fourphase 1pamracess with the prow of the Flood Mutwp,artuan Assistaince (RNIA)Plroprarn and the Conkiriu6ity RadiT Isysterrn(CRS) Floodpba4i Vlanageqnent Manning T'llis completed LocaJ Wfiig�adon.Slrategy iUM'sl vAll rneet the requirem�rmts of alri three FEMA progTam:s. David diecussF..,,id the rro in phases of t:Ns plannJng pvN.rp,,m.,,,as Jaffows: Phase 11:Drppnm ?.e Resources,MH involve 136anning for pub is inwolyernervt arid conrdinatingwitri other departmentT aryl ageri,bes,Other stake he Iders t:io iwiwolve i IFDENI,FENIA Repro IV,INOAA,,other adivinAig iLornaaa,unmtaes, ckiizens,,rrhonh,bus urn s,.,,,es,and Otliers Pha&e If:Pink Assessment Lntaills hazard i�derkfi,,fkaGon (muhzt carom happir.,in here),w,ilnerabifity assie,..ssenpnt�ushat will beaffected ar jliow preparedwe aire�. Davild press rtted Woexi's reconum-mdations for wh1cli hazardi to inclisde in the plan.k:vias noted th,at afthough Extirerne Meat was nw. ruluded!in,the County"s21)I.S plarijtshould be inchffled win the upriatedt.ie tun the lincreasing. nurnber euT days wri:rt IhnoaNa,he a t indices LIVISWiG inembers recornmended the,ad dHinnuf cornrm,irdcati,i3n riqsterin Monroe County Local Mitigafio n Strategy Upidate Page 1 of 2 Lf05WG Meeting 1 M.orl.roe Cou rlty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION fiflures as part af impact cimsicipmed For tiurrci flood% arml severer weait,(eir. Finallly, the LIASM n'rainbeir% reco,mirnerilded ffie aid diti,im,ofiCybef nw,eat and IFtkarfiotmgjcal Accidenni as I hazar Based oin thus discusji9n,, they fis,Ruwii-tg,hazards willt bii? prof1ed:Rood, Hurri6caneii`-f r ropicag Stiafm,, Severe Storms are Forria,doer jinduldring Thuniderstorrn Wirrids', Lqhtrdnpo Haut, rorn,aidoen,, aind Wmtprspoixts Wilil Coastal Erosion,l Extreme 4s.iiat, Siemi Level Riiise and i ate Change, Cyber Threats,, and Radi1c.pliogical Acimd,imts. The vulnerabillfty arisessmerit udi use Mcmmroe County Parq.-O,dati-h rui throuoh l as well as kjcat qualkatime P.nv,xwfedgF..,..4azards Mffl The pirincitized us4ig litre Priority Rhk mdew.Each coiminunky wiH&O-a ewes i capabdity to deter ni all to iiinplement prqects and where gaps ii Phase iti:Develop Mitili Plan invia6wrmsetbing ptainrii reviewring mitigation and drafling: mrl,acbun 1plan.Typtciml strateii airier to alit:er the,hazard,,avert the hazard,,adapt to the riazarld,or avivad thii hazard. In addific,)n to irevmiewwing iriitiatrvew framf the jprevir)ous plan,the Ui imay neect to dewelop rrew indiatives David noted that in thh, Ipra,cess Wood war H ervsksre that the Ciminty meets the C�IRS froff cininsidenii mkilgab,im alterniatives aind creaung a robust:list ot action,to rrhaArnue CRS rre,fflt foir the plan Scope of Work T Ke rgain wilt,meet the folliowinRcritera: Tfre Iplan will include ak reig Lured elernents, as diefiried lin the FENIA Il.ucaralk MAiii Kanf Revi�,ew Guide and the ILMS Lipidate IRRview Guide- Fhe Ipl.anmill meet orexcerdlho..,:final iraale for local mytigatmn Iplaanrrun,pfiourd l i SPCIV101-1 21)1 G,rninrdpr to bei approveld by FEIVIAm welliasariV relevant FDfNI requwerrients Natural hazar'dis assassed l with the current FEIMA aappraved state Midi Man T`Kia Pian'Wffl 4-HETIHIE inatural afut hjumim caused hazarlds and rmitq gatioin mie.murpm. ri p4nvffl Itnicarporate any local cHnnate adaptafian dma and firildings. Project Schei Ti anitydipated pffoprmi:sc heidtfle was presie.ntisid T J.,,o Iprocmws WrIq ai rn for ca mpl et ion of a fio-W,dralft docurnei�1 13,y Deoemh,er 2021)to scsind t!i) FI)EIM fix m0pw 7hiii, tirnetima does irmot l final approval and a,dopbon 00 they JA'ain Plain Webilte&Public Survey AbbV presented the websftie for the pt,ani process, whlich Milli be a tnnt finer UMSWiG coordlination and public outreach The webske is; n,. Fihe site rm-ftaru uproi-Mirip rriernkips rineefing agendas and'mirrutes, draft rRmuments of the p6ain ui iinOoirrnation on,i identified hazards,and opporh,inities to provide feedback ii-Ktiisding th IpsutmllGic survieV Afl c.onimunif.i.es are ailkle d tc.-Y Ipaiar,a a No*to this virebsite ormtgmrelir Inc& pages to enicciri rage infurie i iinvolvernent Pulbillic Meeting AbbyMvared thmt the first Publio Mee-ting is plarwied for hily 7th at!S pxn via Zoorn,and ask4mdthat alt parficipa-fing assist in jprubh6zyxrg the mep firijg.Any,unmrnurilil rriembier whi--%winnIstin jpairddpatecern send,an email to Abby and wHil receive and invitation to the Zoorn i-neeting. For CIRS uedfts, pUbficiz.iing the rneeting rucst The done in three diffffent mWs Abl wililk!iprid for eniial and suinal mediia poits., Abby asked tliat any pos:hnV,be shared with the Wbod tearn in order to docurnent in the. fiiriM 1ph-w. Next Steps Ciammunfty ireparenent,atives rpped trio corn1:0etie. the Data Collie,nian Guide and rmurn it: to Abi at: "L '2' by, Fi July ]13"' Reprerentathan st-i;mArt rmrne to th,e next meeting having reviewed existing ridtigation,inifiatives and identii the statii for all existing urrurtfg,ation actions from the 20US 00:5 it wal.p rioted that rnore 5ulbstaint:W information,than"onp goirg"'rnuslt bir i for condiu.ding aci!it sh,r.n.flxf be cleady noted Nx each action Willi i Complo.qed, Defeted,, or Carried Fur snit Representatives sho 1.6d also l pyepareld to dl.w-r.ms rewis#ia ns to the Vn"i-figation goaK. The capai arlses,smprit:and i wilians airp Posted on the 1ptan,websil:p an,d.Fill be eiinagled,im.A. hAorsoe County Local Miti Strategi Update Page 2 of 2 LM.5WG IMwtta.utiicetlg 1 M.ort roe Cou rity Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION C! IPan bapants(21) IFiiia,d a Ipar iiin;i pant �Framlkiie Zlito (Me') n�llllulllllllll oi��rin111 DaA4d Stroud (Host) George Garrett patfisnir-cha;Ales Abby Moore Brirsa-K.arll Scott - Key West C3A.J. En gelhiieyer, Dh-ector of Pub hic Works Chri is Moonis, IKCE u� Dan Salk kio I� HNN elllizalbeth Goetz man7-hrustlin'7a G regory. fll,ymn7 yeff mann7 n g John Jon Rizzo utiillue Cheon IMortaroe Couiiu°ut Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1548 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Panrti-cilp--pits(2l) /----- Via, IHnd a Ip artiiidp ant JWart-NYr- Ud��CLL B uisa-Kai II ggqq pattlisor-chai]es A.J. Eingelimeyer, Dh-ector of P ulbhk Work Clhrk N400n°is, KCB u„ Dan Sralb'lln o r Dara �,AcGeehan 6llizaIb th _s:11 Gregor�r.0fiyinn-i yeff irranrhng John i 1/1, Jon Rizzo 0 ,Lull lie C'henm CDRey HI. Scott - Key West I �flfl��nn it Steve �'ArNlean'n7e rSusan N4agner M.ortaroe t,pouuiu°tty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1549, APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION LMSWG Meeting 2: September 2, 2020 Moinroe COUnty Local Mitigatiori Strategy Meeting 2': Locail MitigafiDll Strategy Wojr61g group Time&IDate,WednesdaySeptember 2 ZD2102 00PIM Locatioim Zoom Wdeo Conference Call Entrodluctions and Agendia Apprinoximately 20 pf.-,ople were in atterv.lanceat the ILoca Mitigation 5irategy�Wicirking Group(LIM'SWG)Nl,eeting 02 wtdch took,place at 2DOpirn main Wednesday SpIpten-Ax.mr 2,2:0'2,0. Jeff Ma mining fraim Monroe Cminty Emerg;enry IMkianag.nnent thanked eveiryone fur atten,iffing thre,.vneedinp arMd parbc.npatiing i¢n the LM5 update.He refterated the lrinportance mat thk Ipxrocesm and irernhded the grnp.ip that the HMGP'lnone,Vcorning intathe County post Irma isa direct irr..nuftof liaving awn LIM's plan in place, AbbN Moom and fira PiMie Zito JI'Vood)pre ae rited the br ic.-fi rig Oides 1per thev irriereting agenda sihown bellaw I Upidates�,WhPre we are in ffie.plianninp proc,ess 2 Pro. rmt Schedule UpdatE 3 Rev ew Ha nwa Ilydent,ificaation,and Rink As wiisment Faidings a Hazard lidentification b IL Hazard pro files� Msk amrl VrulnerabillitW 4 Re ewp & I.J pdate lMkilgrtwuaraSuals and Objectivem, 5 Renr finder s& Neyt Skeps;; a Fiinafi.ze Guals,&Ob ectrves b Update info fair Carried Fiarwarld AclJons c ReWewH!1RA1Findinjg-,,, Quesbbrls Planning Process Abby updated the LMSVIG ran whl elm the consultants mare ln Vie Planiving ProcrIss. Wood k cuirrenV,t workinR thrmt,gh Steps 4 and 5-Arrs,E53iinig the Hazard and Assessing the problern, the rLnults of thaw,assessrnent were pfiesentFacl at this meebhg ainal the full a5sressxne"t draft MR,be shared with,the LM'5,WG in thecam,iinl; days ft:-r rewi,ew 7heiremaindprof the mer-firill;wa uk.f pockvs on Step 6:Sefti n1g,Goals Abby nored khat onlly 7 rornununitV rneirnbeirs had responded totlie far.9-pe askeidthat.the LIVISWiG think about thin 5ui veyy yaw ran lmpaftant tool that Rives ter-,rairrig.njunity ard h3pportunity to represent W Ptainn"VTS and F.'anwi,ditee members a bettxir undervLa ndi rig of corriniunity thoughtsun risk amd immirtyg,atioin n ei.js. As such, AbbV asked that Ifie ii-ammitipe mernbers and cMmIMW'fltien iiordinue to publicize th,e:".ffve,V to garner mrwe rp.Fponse Options fior adw rt#semertt rnight iri'dude rm'bai rnedlia w)ebsltes,Nextf)oor mid short newspaper Chuck will rnalke plans lo,increase pUbblic awarenem of thesp.inuey.The Rurvey can he I'mmid at Abby rerninded the Lommittop. imember,s to prompt div fuK ovebsite 'I" which, contain,,everything the public need:s to krTuw about the plarn iirwacpriding draft docisrnerwls,oin their cominuaities' vmbsAes Project Schedule Given tN2 cfiday%cajused kiry COVID 19,the piain is ar on,xhedpAe an possible The'Wuod pre:sented the scheduhe,a iming to,hawe th*inext meetinp to dhcuss rni hgation action xr ategtin and Ipruradiwativan methor.1 s bV Dr.lober,gl,op.nfeedback ftonr Jeff about the firial dradlirie Mold willi Mavlk.ife two rnoreLIMMG meebrtg,5 and one rricirp pulblir:nip-eting.,thro ughmAt 9w rem ai ridef af the.planini ng praces MonroeCounhe Local Wigatocin Strmtegy Update Page I iof 4 LW15WG IMar eeting 2 i ttri.11t e Cou rity Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Review Hazard IIdentification and IRRsk Assessment Findings Frankie rowitwed the Hazard 114entililcation and Risk Assessrreirit(H1l IRAl rn,ethodolengy anid pirii and a surnirnary Df ii hazard 41 the.1plan, - 14iclud4ig th e.overaF risk Ifevel aiss girsed tin each hazard. Havrairlds wErp identfrefor ivirtlat reviipw baspid on fte liSt:Of li irldi,ii iin the 2019 State Hazard Mitigabon Plain and the 2015 Monsiae Ounrity Lrjral Nla)ar disaster drnlaraluons,, NCEl,storm event% data,arid UM'5WG input:wuv. also reii to ir.teteirtTrk e which hazards would be hifly pirrAilk.,ld i iibe IaPain The full list aof ha.rards profiled l�s as f olfii Flood FropicM cycicim-n '..��verre 5tormis Tonvartuesarrd Water Spoutis Wildfirie Coastal Ejrix„ti,irjn Drimight: Sea Level Rise and Climate Cli Extreme Heat Risdialnigical hrudent: Cyber Ai The surni-nary i nfa that was pre!-iiented on,eac.b hazard ar.pan be fourn.1 in the PilDF of the Iprresentaation,posted cyn the website.The ficiflowing,coxrin,i rents were rnaile dli,iriing the discussion- Thue as as quiestion regarlding in hick categury of the m:wet iinventory acontaprrs ii visunture,., Wood writ pirlowide clarificatiori,41 thq.,.11:111RA-35sRt iriveritary Wi3od has iricturtud a tzible coinpadrip en lly floodplairrw acrealge mi.the risirrent effective FIRM ri the t rec relewield 1prahnrninwary IFIIPaM Scott Ii of IKey Wq.�,st inii that there are imajor changes un the prielliminairy FIRM,lincludirig signifiti iricrea&es to the IEMFE and an adii 2,000 buildings lin KeV We--st being: ad,,dr.?d, to the SIFHA The &r.lidlilibn of this wars i cognpairative - all flionck, ainalysvis and loss esfia armies vaere based on the effectivie IFIIRM ft wO!t be noted iri,the plain that thesie nurnbers acre not affk',afly accepted and are filkely ta shift-Afth cornment from the cornniunifies 'i Fraser ahao asked albokst the rindiuskin of PrMrr1v,,irnPnlM: hazards, - for exxinple, the IDeepwater Horizon Ofil,'Spflli IhreatenLd)Monroe Counly ii,ausing a$2 ni irnpact evein though the direct impacts newer actually airiftled an thr-r shores at the County. Because FEPAA onlliy rrwiews i hazards,, the LIVISN'i deckded 0-6ii hazarld i ryA' tia bir iinchaded i4r,the. plain update Cli Pattison awkPid about the dmeuspmn of th,p.u.iirdnrp vouncl pliurrip as il.ir0otaas.to Tuirli Point and its irTilpact:on the alqUifin Davkt Hackwarth alsa a:skpd about SLIR inrFmicts an thpe aquifer and iniquired whether Brant funding wnugd sjuppr2rit buildini; a new wellfield Rwihk:h.FIK,AA it aliready,plannl�ng tin daR. Wuod wM,add rfiscus:sion of these IE,uaints into the incident arvil sea Level Wse s4i of:the pii Review and Updalte Mitigation Goa Is Abby rrAiiewrd the Z015 Mn,nnne County Local Mit4atiori,RrategV:the exi5bing lonig-standling goals hart rva ibsndated 1113JEctrwn Abby recon-ionended lhe LMM try to s�hcwrten their l&of gn,akita a rTlOfe i-rianageable set ofthrine to finuir broad based iggoals. Each, have nesied abjectives which cain allfam for mme,Wecificrty Abby idiscusiseflWood's reccmim,emdr.?d reykdons tic)Pach rat th IRnals as w0l as objilecdves withiri,each ii the jgoaTs Thn oflgkriM greats are as fMlows: MI, Preservation of sustainablillitry of lile,health,,safety,aiind welfare. ff2 Preservation of infra&tiructure,inch.xifing pawer,wat,ii sewer and rourr-nuinicaticrns. Mon,roeCounbe i Ktigatpon Stir.-wtegy Up-date Page 2 iof 4 LVISWG3 Meeting 2 M.ort roe Cou rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION #3 Maiinteinaincle and prateci roadsand bridges,imicludiing fraffic sirgnails and street.signs. Pratecition of critical faafilNies,inc6ding puiblic schuols arid plublic buiRdings. #5 Preservation,w'piraperty and assets. #6 Preservation of econonry during and after disaster,Including busiriess wiability- 97 Prewruation aind protection of the einivieraguneirit,including natura,land Kistaricresouirces. Woor.1's r Pownimended rev skans nnaumtaiined the Diver arrhi n1p:lopicat areas frorim,the origiroii gual:5,but owmlbiineid some and riested the imorp specgfic topics as ratotr ctives Pinder lafiger, oveirardl rpmlls Wood piresented flie, folp,mi updates tirl the goal:E and,ic.fted:Jwien tm the r.orm-nitte.e Glualli L Preserve the sustalinatial of life.,lieall safety,and welfaire� Obiective.11,Pravi&)!edii�and outreach to timc.h riessmiderits and i hfaw'to protect themse.Ives amd f,Naarir properly Dbiectfrm 12:flrn�mprov Ijpreparedness,response,and recowury caleabifibrm to mi hazard impacts Obiecil 1.3z Purslue propir.-arty Iprrstertmon amid stmxtraire Ipirojerls to reduCe idUllnermbilfty ofi.mlsfilsg dewelol�"-nent Gmall 2,.,Protect and pr �eirw Iprcall and assets,incIluidting the.bufft envErainiment:and ri,aturaE resouirces, Obiective 1L Proted.and preserve ciamn-vanity liadudirig ofiaical facill isfififfies, watpr% and transportatilon, jOb ect1we.2.2:Use Iiii and irepdaflaturry fm-rols tin protect fulure developriwint and prem.rill liazarld risk from wor sern Obilecil 2,3,,Prii nmturaf areas that pravidis hazard risk reduvim anclother bi.-meficial fumctl at 1,,Bull Illocaill capacity to Ibecome cantinimousIll less vullnew-able to li,azaisds. jOb ec.tfwe.3.1,,Redi.ic:e losses froam Ibusiinnnss rnterruption and support lornlg I.erm busin,ess-viali Obiecti,we.3.2z Ensure oVuliucal loii gowernment operatumvri. Objective, 33r� �Sbreng all thien re.janal conriections and fester inter jurisdictionall coordinatkoin for risk r,r..,d,k.rc t i o n Abby asked the ItM SVVG Rx other idea for the C mi nty's flourti-i inAiga-fimn l 1, bu L masmrie were Ipresurded Abby asked that if V-ierie i:F anV input it be send to the Wood comultantis 0,1hemiise, Wood willt draft: the goals and 0 bjectives and share with,this County for feed back in l i�,.Pa r futp..i re. Exi&i Mitigation,Proifects Tkr. -r-ASWG reprefien tatrves,from each jur isd ic ton must:assiga an,ac.1koF1 Statk.JS tri E,11h exii f:iii acbmi from the 137inr plan::Delete!if the project iu&rio l as priority,dierp is no awaflabie furirhng,,m-it has beien canded forwaird for one oF two plan updates,CliimpVieteid if lbe 1pro.je ct hum beeri mnl3lii arid Carried fc-)rwarid if the Iprisject Is iin priagress or l rprityet, l staTted l i:ssiMi a priorky f0r the rx.)rnmiumty. COMmardties must inciticte a brief,, but i cornment for Path adiun .-ie'ql�..,tizgly thone i are l ii,i,.in6eid Farward. Next Steps Gxitin]LAE Outreactv The County ainid JurisAknl s1l conti ti,-.) share ttii,a p4n websi prornote the cianwri,knuty survey Options includp:Social Medil Nextdumr,and Coniniii.nifty Websites. Meme semid Abby links and/cm screpinshot%of your outreach to doujimprnt in,the plain,-this k.,especially urnljortara fw,CRS MT.Tht:Sr. Mrin,roeCounbe Local Kfigatpon Si Update Page 3 iof 4 LVISWG3 IMeetinjg 2 M.ori.roe Cott rity Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Abby wRl send wat tfiv diraft goak and ob0r.trve,,tia,the LKISWG iy,.)r mv,iew I.M.9mWi rnprnl:YaF-s vidl then have turne to SUIYrnit rimmments to Abby al, L1m.5WG rnemher,.., should alm m4ltiFMe WOrking on kheiF mibpabwi action repa;rting. AN turisdivicjns shataild sub,mit action,statuses For afl achans to,Abby at ...... I I I I I I bV Fdday,,ISep ember.4", Cimmmunities that Piave yet h.-i do Fo are mked,,ria campkte.rant return theJr data cokertion;guides ASAP The npxt meebnji;vAl 131,P mbeduled soran for tfie Wood ta go over and fiinak.e Goah..and,0b,ertmes,discuss mitigatk-m actian mleas,and,prepare/update the County"s mibr gation stratr!jgie �h--eft Man,ning asked,if,we wok.flld F0 13,ver the prio6fization procedure fnr midgafian stratEugies -as the CUrrent pfocecfure was not swrcessfiA,, �---r.pcbcsatlV pm;t lmia WoodwW pk;mto rewisit tMr prcxedurp at the npxt meeting.Wood kmuallg uses m mri ocfifie' STAREE CritexL "To ensureas rna.ch lnputand fFedba,ck,as possibleto cmineta an agreed uponprocechwe,Wc)od 'ill lielptt*Crjunt,V adwert.'Jisie ffi,is rm,pefinig amid will ovide an ag end,.j.1 ln aidwance. Mee ding Adjourned M,onroe County LA.rcal Wfigarhn n Strategy Update Pap e 4&4 LMSW Meefing 2 M.orl.roe Cou rity Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION rirrruiiarulal,e iuVuJuuV40ul l/I(/(r//�rrr%�i �➢))��� j aFr an7kJie Zuto {; Ae) Nl Abby Moore (Host) 13055 4 ,i036 .V Cn gelm ever„ Director of Prnik hiC W011k C 1,,400n7is KCB F/-II 0 dhack.?iorflh ��MIIIII LIIuzaIbeth a %�% �� t�all,�morad a II';II 0 jeff mannk)g A, if 1 Jen°7n a Tu t e r auu Krivli a-i'0 k o u K1i rn W Wean 4,4on7r e COLH7t'y SodWi Sem.. a r'II ' luuu�uln IIIIIIIIIII p attlison-dha7 Rees II mull Scott Frasei _ Key West S h e,ryI Grall-iaimSteve Klckeanney a u'll M.ortaoeCouniu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1554 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION LMSWG Meeting 3: November 10, 2020 Moinroe ou nt, IIL,ocal Mitigation Strategy Meeling 3: Locall Nlitigation Strategy'Working Group Time& Dat�e. 7 uesday Novem berg 10,2'02:0 1!GG PM Locadom Zoann Wdeo Conference Cal I introductions and Agendia App roxi ina tely 16 people wwe re i n atten,dance at the Lucal Mi Strategy Wor ki ng Giro u p,(i.IM'SWG)Meetiing 03 wNch,took place at 1:00pirn on Fuesday INowrerrwlhxe.ur 10,2020 Jeff IManning, from IMonriae CounJW Ern ergemcy Managpnient th,ainked ieveryiane flair attending tile Mq?eding He ex:pr Prsed,excitvment over tfie pm'.itive Fx-midb,,Irk frorn FDEM an the wcdons of thp Pla n they hav P rewie wed Hie is ready fear the next step lie noted fliw trapFcal starryi impacls may have affected,the tun mut fiar the�ryieuting David Stroud aind Abby Mrxir jWnc.Aid)primentp,id the brieNig silides per the meeting agenda nhown Ibelow. I UpdateE Where mie am in,flie.phinning Pricjr.'Ess 2 Rvvi,,Pw Vliug.,ation,Goal{s&DbiectMa.:s from Meeting 2. R. RevifewAVI it itgat ion,Weas far INdem Actioms at. Renii nde is INeurtSyenp..: a Ffinafi.ze,Acbcn Status Repartbig b Submit INew Actiom 5 Questicnis Planning Process David uladaied the LPOSWG on vehere the are in;the Phinriing Pracess Alood In-as subrnktiiid tKe HIRA to FIDEM avid Rm:�eived a far w smaR updates.ln'th;is rp"Peding,Wood fi3c.used on 51prp 7 anid&rewiewing rnitigation mfijo mis and drafting a imuf�Fatiwi action plan TITese are the fin,M few biR steps-to camjpRetion of the ILIMS.With, a,peedV itespanses froryi the LN15WG, we wRl The able to iornplete a draft of the Iplan Iby thfe next memning on, Ravon,beir 23'111 Revilew Mitilgation Goa[s gr Objectlives Davild rrawipmed the gn Wand did irnrrt receive nmiryy canirnents on than we goMs Heirioted that any new proiects or prirjlaectsa beirilig,carried fi3mand will be u�mtpd under lkese goais and objectkoF....s. 1he LN[MG had no rin thesegoals Mitigation Action Plan RRquilrements The rpqjuirerneats for the rinifigatkon. &ctiun plan are two,bl,d: FIMA IDIVIA 21.310,01 RsMuirevnents avid CRS'Step .8 Requiiremer&� FEMA DMA 2000 Requi4rementsi The mitigatiori action p0on irrijust Ihaaaams tWO aiCk,XIS ror every high and ninderate priority hazard 41 fame jplara. In tha Monroe County IPlsun, Mil Ihazarrds are corn aidered hJIgh or rn,yderatie,prikarity.AN Kazairds ac.tioni cmxmt asonp prnject fa;e�-bdi hazard, Ernergero:y Seirwit-es acdons do not Emint towardthis mquirpmeat.AM tommunfties murt Ihavenarf least afne'ARKIA9.Val mquirernerA. CRS Step 8 R)esprWrei nlsc li u,ormi r to ire.r.eive maxui n uni cre,&t i n the CRS wider Rep 8:Draft an A,r tion Main(AS points rnaxj each ccwnnmuty must have actJon,lin Is of the 6 categofi,r..as that addrps:s sfirmd relatia.m.f Ihazaa ds otr aR liazards in the CR..5 pragrani,to become a dass,d rjr better c,orrirnianity,You irriust reumvp SY„fNfi of the credit insteps 2,5,anid 9 As:Fluch,Waxod willl workto aura smare all communiCem re,16ve maximuni pinints David wPrrkthrc-jukhth,L cominnunity'sewsting tz highkp d'#it the focus on propeirty protection,an.. mruc:njrah projects, Each camrwuinAy medl need to empwid the Ibre.ardth of proi,ects tm h4fin bhe rpiquJiremienIn abave Monroe Cognty Local MiAigalvan Str.-AeEV U p,.ate'd PaRe lof 3 1-10.51NG Meeti n1p:3 lkftri.iioe Cou rity Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION wn�o(.t writ creallE 10111E� 1166gation action table that l a1q Ipriajecte jwurking group inkiatiVeS, CunlqMurlity iinftliatiwes,, and HNIA inftiatllves . The hi lim: vvigi be incip.ided in an apil For scoring IPmrposes, Ihawwhrjg everything in nne l Mitigation,lueas Abby revffewir..�,d a Yflectivzoi of mitig,.,,action, action ideas frorn the PIMA "Mirig3tion, Ideas" pubflcatiwn Pre M.CQUINWE'd, the iVlhalMG to revievi the fuA docurnpn:t to find l for new mi-figatilon,actions The Cmuray arad Pal Iniplanirig,11u6s,ifictions usmn,Mso use nxll srtrategiups that address all hazarlds. Hazard Strategies include Alter,Avert,Adapt to,,arid Avoid the Hazarl:l r-Affigation Categrcries imiLh.sde-.Prevention, Prcoperty IProteuaumrr.Fr-nerpency Sprvices,StrucAurall,Projects, Natural Floodptalln Functions, and E&R:Ati011 and0rilreach Prograims Abby briefed the worl group mxra ItPRrNgka,-hazard mitigatoin deas as well as ideas foT DITOUg aod,j ht, Ernsiovu,j ffk Sevem We.�athpr,, sea l Rke, Stonn Surge,, Tornado,, arid Wfldl The FlEIVA guides is availabllean the Plan Welosite.She atsolbrl theLM'5WG ion po ten ti a I o pti o m by rrfl ll vn cat egyn ry Abby conrl thl secrion rif the meefirg revievving the affiam ti,t category,frmm the cairrier.1'forward acbmns l clan reprirting firom-m thl COMMUFIl The county can l ar,o,action that wouirk,covpr alliju6scli,irtioins to aid in fillEn ,Ilan Ra ps. Pil PrIjorklizatilon Abby presented Wood's rowPrsion of a rlm3,ffiffFd'5TAPL'EE criterila Pi is u.inll from tE,he priorifization prmr:ess P.med. for the IHIMA lhits Under the SJAPILEE ir.-.nteria,a pra ev,,ft can earn up to 7 l Each,cateligygry is g;iven a score l on,impaft:-1 lneg.1bvel,0(mrn,,itralp,and 1.jpo,,.mtive Neutral is not nin-,EasmrilN a bad thing and shmild be Lima as appnopriale.SIAPI.EE Categm les are as finflumm: Sodally Acreptzalb4r Technically Fpaslbl�v Ar.fininistratfrve Resouron Le lgalliy Aflowable loonornicaIlly Smind To ffiis,, Wood recolpmends ad,&ng four questiorm, which are rated 0 thrr-.mgh 3: 0 = unfikelV, 1, mmylbe,, 2 probably,and 3 :---dpfiinitely�: Will the action irem,aalt 41 live-iaved? W il I thr action rechuce proppirty damag Ps? Will the action verlticE the need for response mclians il Will ttw benefit%exceed the conts? Questions Dues Inuaitrfiiuryp.,a new welffielld to combat&alltwater iintrusion,aimi rhimate charrge aeor.mnt an,vvil:uxal resource pfot�.tim?The girsal is to l drim,king water quality. Ilam th,is lrutanco�, a case Lrwld bn iaa,rde to be. u.m&m mawral resouriE:es Shot,4,d we cor:finum�to rnch..ide,actives that mri-,sullarnitted by emilies?Akthoul it mule jht mal the girwit application proceKs a bit more cmnftming, it: is irnportanit to corallnue to iincliade t1l in the mitigahon actiiorr IPlisaaa, l a variety of rr-sponslitflky,f-mr projecu,is good.IBV keeping it wn the plan,it: w-nay be j4.mtified for other rmrrarluin raPpr.rluini fies ourtside of HIMA. In the future, cngair iimtioins such as llausmg,kahorities,rnay participate in the,l pr mc mA arid adopt:the plan far Next Steps wood, WN Sant, l 'up rpnmdsheets to the inirrmnunity to surnmarilze wNirh hazard5 and, c,ateggaries communities have Y,,mvered and where the gal are.The are a5ked to aidd alil new inkl mbons Monroe County Loud Fa itil Strategy Update Flagrs Lei 3 1-1051NG l n13:3 M.orl.roe Cou rlty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION to fit wHhin 1hp DM A a rid CRS requiremerits arrd prioritize jusing the STAPLEE trite riap al I caiHed for ward and new mcli.ons far thp Vktipmmii Action Iplan. Mease firraffm and retum actian statp.rs reporfir T, A5AP to IMrank�,e at Submit rvpw Mitigation Actions and jpriorrtluafinn l�o Frarikrme by Wediwmday November 181h,2020,, The nrext and finEO LVISWG rnepti ng w0l be an Monday November 23"'@ 3:00 PK Meeting Adjourned Monroe County Loud Mitigabon Str.-Aegy Update Flagrm 3 of 3 LIOSING IMeeiJ rilp:3 M.ort roe Cou rttv Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Pairtidpa ants (.14) — ❑ X ', f hi d ra pw 6,,,il,a„mt Frainkie fit r(Me) �. NNnn David Striouid (Host) Niii111N �NN�NHNnn� jcl ear u I� LoiJ Lehr J NNHHHNhn Abby Moore Dan Sabhnio u hack ortlw KiJstera Livengoo 1 Wo[k Mhn� Young Layton FL NNNflfl�pW pattison-ch rles NNflll �� teve McAleariney rE. Village Waif lslarnorada Wenner- haini oin IiWte Mute Me IMortaroe Cot�iu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Participants (16) — ❑ X � 4 L tI lir�r�V1 V� i a r ill : irri: hs in Higgins, Key West : I Dan Sab'1110 uuo hackwo[t4 s I . i Jeff nianin'ling V �� Julie Cheoins I Karl Bursa V risten Liverr Work s I Mail Lori Leh[ i inii Young Laytc n FL s I �nna I :iI NdNNN ��attisr�_cl�arls � � all crntt Fraser - Key West Steve McAlearineyI J wVillage f Islain�ior da Z 0 �I lirnvite Mute Me ... IMortaroe Couriu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1559 rµ APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION LMSWG Meeting 4: November 23, 2020 Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy Meeting 4: Local Mitigation Strategy Working Group Time&Date:Monday November 23,2020,3:00 PM Location:Zoom Video Conference Call Introductions David Stroud and Abby Mloore, consultants from Wood, facilitated the meeting. There were 15 people in attendance on the call. David and Abby presented the meeting slides according to the following agenda: 1. Where we are in the planning process a. Planning Step 8&Planning Step 9 2. Structure of the Plan 3. Review of Key Plan Components a. Hazards&Priority Risk Index b. Goals&Objectives Review c. Mitigation Actions 4. Plan Implementation&Maintenance a. Responsibilities of the LMSWG b. Integration with Other Plans L Past lintegration Efforts ii. Opportunities for Future Integration 5. Completing the Planning Process 6. Next Steps and Questions Meeting Presentation The consultants reviewed the joint DMA and CIRS planning process used to ensure Monroe County and all the jurisdictions receive maximum credit under CIRS.The draft plan was uploaded to the Plan Website this morning. Amendments and revisions will be made as necessary based on feedback from the LMSWG,the public,FDEM,and FEMA. David began by overviewing the structure of the plan by section. He highlighted some of the more important pieces,especially for CIRS credits.The planning process section is important for this:the LMSWG must be made of up 50%jurisdictional representatives and 50% other stakeholders. Additionally, for multi-jurisdictional credit, each community must have at least two staff members on the working group.David also highlighted some of the results from the Public Survey as well as additional ways the consultants engaged the public. Abby covered the remainder of the plan including the planning area profile, hazard identification and risk assessment, capability assessment, and mitigation strategy. The Mitigation Action Plan was presented to the County as well:this plan is a large table with mitigation actions detailed byjurisdiction.Because this is a,joint plan, all actions are in one table.There are additional details,including the most recent HMA prioritization,included in Appendix D. Abby introduced the LMSWG to the proposed plan maintenance schedule.Wood recommends quarterly reviews to maximize CRS credits,and the DMA requires annual reviews. For annual meetings,the County will receive 10 CRS credits while for quarterly,the County can receive up to 24 CIRS credits.These reviews can be a zoom meeting or a conference call to discuss mitigation actions,implementation of these actions,changes that need to be made, or potential funding opportunities.This is a good opportunity for the LMSWG to discuss integration of the LMS into other planning mechanisms. Finally,Abby described the process for completing the planning process.Per CIRS requirements,the LMSWG and the public have two full weeks to review the plan,and send in any updates or revisions to the Wood team.FDEM Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy Update Page 1of2 LMSWG Meeting 4 fkftri.roe Cotu rity Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1560 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION is currently reviewing the plan,and once they issue an Approval Pending Adoption(APA)letter,Wood will)reach out and provide next steps for the communities to adopt the plan —this will likely be in January. once all jurisdictions adopt the plan,documentation of the adoption will be added to the plan along with the final FEMA approval letter and the full,completed plan:will be issued. Meeting Discussion Mimi Young(Layton)noted that she had approval of the plan on Layton's meeting agenda for December 3 d and asked if that was too early.The consultants recommended she push this agenda item to,another meeting.Wood will notify all communities of next steps as soon as an Approval Pending Adoption(APA►letter has been issued to move forward with adoption.Adoption will most likely be pushed to January.David spoke to the ISO CRS specialist who said he would work with each community on the adoption and will be okay with January. Dan Sabina(KEYS Energy)noted that the mitigation action table includes projects the KEYS has begun the funding and contracting process on and asked if this would The considered integration.Abby noted that implementation (following through with actions in the mitigation action plan)and integration are different things.Dan noted that KEYS has a 5 year capital plan that is updated every year;part of that update includes looking at improvements to strengthen the system. By incorporating findings from the HIRA and the LMS generally,this could be considered integration.Jeff Manning(Monroe County)noted that the Monroe County CEMP includes a mitigation annex that references the LMS;as the CEMP is updated,it will)integrate the updated LMS. Scott Fraser(Key West),said that the final LMS PDF would need to be ADA screen compatible;if someone cannot read or dissect the test,they may sue the community and the document will be taken down until any lawsuits are settled.The consultants will work with Monroe County to find a solution for this. Kimberly Matthews(Monroe County)noted that she and Jeff could work together to make the document ADA compliant and distribute it to the remainder of the communities. Next Steps A full draft of the updated LMS has been uploaded to the LMS website Please review the document and send any feedback,revisions,or updates to Frankie Zito at by Monday,December Ph,2020. Meeting Adjourned. Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy Update Page 2 of 2 LMSWG Meeting 4 M.ort roe Cotu rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION crap Nnd a paaid4e rmt ��uuuNNnnnnnnnnou���� Abby Moore hson[ Hd gg ri u�III Dan b i r10 ' Elizabeth IsIarnc:rada ' jc1hecnrn jeiffirnan nin 1 a' Kimberly Matthews MI MI YOUNG 1 ,- NN�NNNN Scott Fraser- Key West Steve McAlearneY l;' ? Terry Abel 0 Wet lie ri ngtc n H e I e ne r I note U nm ute Me ... IMor°:aroe t,oruriu°tty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1562�n�� APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION uuui ui iu ui ui ui iui uu uu uu uuo null uuuuuiuuuuui uiuii iiuii uu iui iuiuu ui uuu iiii uu ui uuuui uuuuuuuu uu uuuuu uuui iu uuiuuui ui ii�lulu Table B.2—Public Meeting Topics, Dates, Locations l i l l l I l l u I I I I I I I� I I II I I I I I .I . II I I l III l I II �� IIIII �k u iuillll��uuuuiiuJllmlliui�llluu��uidlluuui iu���u�dlluuui luuuuuoi uuuui��iu����Yluuuiu�iu�IIII�IIIII��uuuuu�u�IIIIIIIIIIIiu���u�dlluuuilluu� uuuuuio�uuuui��Cluuuuuuullllll���iu�����u�dIIIVu iuuuuullllll�uidlll��luuuuuolluuuuuiuuuu�ullllluuuiotlll�llllllllll Meeting Title Meeting Topic Meeting Date Meeting Location 1) Introduction to DMA,CRS,and FMA Public requirements and the planning process July 7,2020 Zoom Video Meeting#1 2) Review of HMPC responsibilities and the project 5 p.m. Conference Call schedule. Public 1) Review"Draft" Hazard Mitigation Plan November 23,2020 Zoom Video Meeting#2 2) Solicit comments and feedback 5 p.m. Conference Call MbrtaoeCotuu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1563 nn APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Public Meeting Minutes,Attendance,and Announcements Public Meeting 1: July 7, 2020 There were 10 attendees on this call. Attendance and meeting announcements are below. Parficipants( ...........----------------------------------- ------------------------------ C ,, IHnd a Ipnrtiiiciiilpnnt MFranklie Zito (N4e) 4" N'76 NNNNggqqpp Davkl Stroud (Host) MKevki's iPhone falli!15", Abby �,Aoore Chrk N400nk, K.CB 4" �'76 Gregor�r.Oflyrn N,4 Cjeff man6ing 4" N'76 0 John N,4 Lorui Lehr 4" N'76 NNNNNNN Te i-ry Abe 4" N'76 M.ort roe Cotui rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION IIIIIII�I Monroe County BOCCk 6��rk�Ilrawrrrs County lIB(�CC" 51v:nre .� Rrkrou.rt�J Send Ma sage d ��( ,n re t051� ti �re Ire,���� aye Al Monroe County and the municipalities are working together with other ,, (305)292 4441 PN , stakeholders to update the 2015 Local Mitigation Strategy.The plan primarily S.nd Mrvw,,.g r :addresses natural hazards like hurricanes,flooding,coastal erosion,and "� n wuvw.rnn ur rauA�iawv[p-pl.yau tornadoes,and will include technological or human-caused hazards as well. This plan update is required to be eligible for future FEMA pre-and post- e 9 I '1 C�c,rernor kai4 t7rypal u�.rtic+n Crcv�ttnrrielrt disaster mitigation funding. Dui€Cllt iq r rH,tSHr,Semite Monroe County A virtual public meeting)will be held on Tuesday,July 7 at 5 p.m.to discuss (i,1 Hours 6.00 AM-5:00 PM BOCC the update process arid to solicit Information and feedback floor the public.If („+loco a iu oel(,ii,ai It V i C(, you would like to participate to learn more about the planning process and how you can contribute,e-mail Jeff Manning at manning- H ;ugg1*.[Ldlt�, Home aeff@mooreecxaunty-fl.gov. This process will take approximately 6months to complete.A public suurvey Posts ,and other information about the planning process is available at m page Transparencyee Mare Events r WWV IVlr)anroeC'c+rarretyFIL-LVIS;cam, I:in i.n con mar it urn arr[Itl, I r i rqr S"e,r„i a r"Ik N/ Photos" tli,.po pbs anWhn 1110 I'rot cnnterit. '�O Page cre®ted-March 7,2013 Videos ;� 6q Wage manager IncaPon United States About Community (Pwtugal'I + wl�ennipl f i ui c an(Frtanr L)Gufakch ww(iu(upmpnu lul��+���,ulyn� �Iail�bialralb1111r11r1��111Iaa1�r'larlll r> � ,��_,,� 1 ,�,;r �,-,i,,,, F,roerert,€aok i!J 2020 a IMC;7P1ROV COL.I N11 r L I UAF3.f"r'.oNA Monroe County,Florida Local Mitigation Strategy Welcolinere to 11 le rva it rrR Ywrr the:2020'Jo illne County,R_,Local al Mifig;ation.., f ritaoeCouu°it Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 156511i APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION ('{y NM b a G Calendar Wiew sll¢:aleuregaix in ttre daffanit.Chna,e Selsod a Clatandar Ern view a 5pecifVc ralrarndar Select than arrows an either side of the cunrent hi to change the rruanth, wimcoa o'a,anu i-ovh" ll s,.rtrm r z.imour�„r 'tor a u�r.rhr�ar:„r w .erMlfA IDda'I'lll " MEETING OF MONROE COUNTY LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY t,'", dtuiy 7,2020 (VIRTUAL) llinc: 5:00 PM uu d°ny„July a'201u clMo r a Caunfy and khe municritalities are wnrk,ing tnpatlrer with other stnk,ahoPdprs to updaka the$01S Ad II ,,,.. Kny tNa7:nt.IFL 334746 Local Mitigallai Slrategy.Th,s pin,i i add essus Hato el hs xti Irks ha rcr.n- flo diuy,coastal ereelan.;and staradoes,and will include technolepical of human-car.rsed Irneai ds.a.wail.This plan update is repuhed to be agible forfut,-FEMA pre-and post-disestarmiligation funding.AvIItUat public meeting will be hold nn Tuseday,duly 7 at 5 p.ru,to d—i—tho update process,and m-lic'ot mforntst4rn and foodhaok fmrn the pulEio it yova would the to f edidlpeBe to Ie,arn rmare u—it the planrnnng process and how y r+,,i —,r awu—,all Jolt Moaning at na r n,+�}eiT(ril ra eez.or.��nty n gov This process urill taka upla—imately b 1 to carnplete..A public survey and other information about the planning petcwss a available at rovwon.Mnn—CountyFL-L port. M.orl.aroe Couu°lt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 15661�tt APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION •�aaa Sprint 1:01 PM 71'%W- CA t1lonr"oecoulnty a". nf'°3)I@;:uu atest I eoplle Photos V I aft,, County BO... $11 J1�I Monroe is required to update the 2015 Local Mitigation Strategy for natural, technological & Ihuman-caused hazards. A virtual public meeting is Tues, July 7 at 5p. E- mail i'nainunl'),i— ie"l1@1111"10 111 in)'?(� L11"t V 1':Lg()V for more info or visit 11I m I y If� IL.... It S C o a n. HV akI :� s 4penClose ( (plum.bsi III..."S apenClose Is a Browser-Based Mortgage LOS. Keeping You Safe, Heallthy + Productive 00 b: Imort aroe co u u°uty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION being reviewed and Phen poteritlally awarded by the IFlorlda Department of Erneigency. Management and the IFedaral Erneigoncy fVanagement Agency(FEMA) FEMA is Pxpecned to announce fundingi lhrouglb the Flood f0ifigation Assistance proguam and the Pre-Dl%aster klihlgatlon Assistance program All funding is subyect to availability. Local IMitigation Strategy Plan The Monroe County and Incorporated IMa rildiperlitics LMS Plian is updated every five ycais. lite 201,5 plan can be found l Take part in the revision of the,Munroe County Local IMdtiir,ci Stretoqy, conv Public Meetings The public ic invited to antend all nicetings.The next meeting has been scheduled for June 18,2020 at 2�00 PW A briblie(virtual Zooiny kickoff rneehng will be held on Tuesday,July 7th at 5:00 PM Toy learn alkout the planning process and new you can participate Click fiere For nroie infoi iriatiori,corilact LMS rhav Jeff Manning at N5-289-6325.Friail all completed LMS fDrn9 to M,aIllAi-iFa,q-.dr ffrat?ipppt�-,,I.6 rpyjlty4 JQV, Active participants Include co-chair Skip Honing and members of the Monroe County BOCC, all five,rnrinicipaliIies in Monroe Courilry,Monrcre County School DistriO,Shane and Federal government,utilities,non-profit agencies,representatives tron)bitisiniesses and the public. Local Mitigation Strategy Forms Mh:SWp QEu%E!ojillnilimi y h gJtlfipd Initntrve,ftU lue�of Intent) U0. _02PLI %Characterization o:irr Local Mitigation Strategy Tire Florida Greeribix.ric Enoir,nment and Viu tnrur.Pres env aLion ConnItionce Hazard klitigation Assiwarice Uriffic.,d(.,'uldancre M.ort roe Cou rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION wida Drqp8rtme rv,,r,,if I,,. X Fkvida'5("OV13-19 Data aad M,,,,,,, X Notice of 1-Iiihk,, I lFiumq arl lc,-a X )LC0111/11. MV?n P['1bfli:-ll"4 'etlrlg f '20120-VV E-B lo smiii�11111111i NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING Monroe!Cc u My N eed s You ir Help Monroe Cc u nty and the incorporated municipalities are w ork!ng together w it h other stakeholiders to update the 2015 Locall Mitigation Strategy. This,process wffl take approArnaiteN 6 monthis to complIete- The,plan phmariIyaddresses natural hazards such as hurricanes,floodmg,coastal erown,tornados,etc.and wfli include some technolo&al or human-caused hazards such as cyber threat,This plan update is required':to be e4giblie for future FEMA pre-and post disaster miti[gation funding such as through the Hazard Mitigation Graint Program(H1MrjP)_ A public�virtUal Zoom) kickoff meeting wdli be held on,Tuesday,July 7th at 5:00 PM to discuss the p1lan update process and to solicit 4iformation:and feedback from the public. If'yoga would like to participate to learn rnore about the planning process and how you can contribute, please send your e-mail contact information�e,pmaH addiress)to Jeff Manning,Emergency Management Senior Planner and an Outlook Invite will be forwarded to you in advance of the meeting. Additionally,a websifte has been created where a public survey and other Wormation about the pllannMg process Is avallaWe. You can access the Monroe County Local Mitigaton Strategy website at wwvpu -—-—------- ADA ASSISTANM if you area person with a disability who needs special accommodations in order to portlelpate In th4proceeding,please contact the County Admh;lsfrotoKr Office,by phoning(3as)m-"4j, between,the hours of 8:30 a.m.-5:00 p.m.,no later than five(5)calendar days prior to the scheduled meeting; if you are hearing ar voice impaired,call'71 V� M.ort roe Cou rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION v,I mmo- Cuseusrrrrm Prscncnrcc.x Utility Groamc3 I+w=rvslinu Board 9'rrna va¢,¢ ""a a Oars KEYS News rw fYpak2.312020-Keys Pmu"ddIpa¢aaa pus IMaarnrearr Crvuulrea:y Lmne Worl dlrng draaup m,1 r Countyi, of rlanirvg,rt=I anal �ataey Ih$ikl}.�tur n"I y""s, a crrd 1,3y,ri a'rRY'",a I�rrr r;s fLLYf)rnn 1,, n`tslln.rrr, wroddt C yl rrnlu mr�rrd tci The Llvf I^,urtiurc9 ier i,ate ell£,II)I�-q;r,cyrprupr+(s 6erTlIIflAAretrr[NfndhigPu['dlr 111pul is erreaitty�tpaa,Al.A ,itu,rl latatsllakic1'.flrIMenetmgI,srl4r�xlInlmxl fnI riu 1r4azq,G I I V 7'rlvrri l?:inn v4.17a7wrr1 T. alVr Wild thus rr¢uri.a1g,rr d Fr,,,vrde jiP)i'rInA ari arid ha,ecb,ii(W lur prl llurinr 6zanr„Ialr xa.. 4=1rr111je f lAflclnurinr„fir rgt,ircy 1panap,r;rrnrinl Sa lim Flanl eer,A rfoanrl'o-Ig- juffpolniunrtaa.uuuOy d..tlav,ri d an K'.7vctfrn Ia Invite mill hr, m t y 1[4F 4.Vrid tr You undv,ncv re al d-le r leehrrp,Pk,j vr;w ILwvwva.INrrl tr nr+L natrIl llyl h IJ1,u.G!J nn fu o r... rsr irl fn rmnaticrn, ��YkNd p a'V/'ii'�k2fd..�f CYyS Ww}a.V:Vb YpY.l:a Y:,AB w,:1YpgAtt�IlQ pRfatgP pPanl Yke�Oro il'+:'"spk5Y4'pRrt?'r'aa 4'�,:ti\0'lIC(1.1,:ti "06d'l512020-l(e'ys to 511alni!set Rebate Program On July 31 06/0+91202D-Torradn rraeely-IMaH mal Public,Parwmem Award wr OW2.612020-Krrys Wade m,6.tae l e-Th9 rrfuumuaa 30;IPraleid-A d'dkirrnall Payrun—a'As,,rlrsarucra dd'v Y612@.20.IBarin'4.Lot C'ranrvraau°aTcur ages Rallunini IC4aa hig Graduwmk,nu wv 05/15/2,0,20 Joint Federal Vrate,Local Puu lhHu:sdaaaic�r:..IMay'1 5,12020 w 04021282D-Keys Anrnnnuaona n Frr-gy Can—rv'ra:H an Calendar Art Contest Wimmna=rs 0412QN11020 IKpys Once Again Recar;P,uniz.ed As A Reliable Puubfi,.::Pawurrvm Prary Wer[CNrsae Off:2y d IIn Th.PaaU— dd✓131 020.Boys Il rnalpVcunnaanrtr Energy Billl Rate Relfi f In Rc:rsµn¢sue.-T.C vid-19 4v'I04A'0,312020-K Vs'Mee.Add---L.YWbpr—ity W-tRB—tr Ath Ud�lffity wr M1a0.0�4'4n+'Y!'aP2QW-14V¢sY dce CFIP Gtuni ls¢ry IFaar 6'taa si¢Pcovn2s 42!'gC':ko agxw�a'IiapN Ppaam¢N'x W0'G4L P,41,2020-lKeys'rernpaararHy Susp and s Sw�rwucre 89isconnaecBaia—s 03 g17.020..p(.ys Cling a ry K Panharuaamd 5ene.u,cl gtlisY-ummr..0 rup Ilerana;dunr¢a'a Farr g'daal11d IfPermaamwnea Cuaa�kramrraar"'wmwr¢u�a.x Q:'cxmhaau�'7'es�rpncz&'cvltrlliz�,Il rru n0¢:prraeai kumq, JKeys rree Giveaway Postponed Until Further p ottice Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1570 x APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION I I i. 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I�Vmm'kww maall Wu um rerwkaawl" mtwl _ �awwrrm,uwpwra pwrflpwwlamrarwtap rA� �����������������������������, ,• reiM� �tl dwm�w"wwaihvaluvrnem"w�uw lUl-rr"�mua.. �r rmw d rM Wi frArptt rnm khula lMb day of-rlar 2020 anus�s5r�1^arl'rp. Ile wa AN m arpA h® gilawMmmrmada 'Wit b° 7 I -f wn !*hammm i n ama r ipituPirMN'AR�uN r INN, �arsNniiaa2sa5 Sw mp l' an q l blic rnafwrrew 'G, #M�Ikwrapeim OF C, OX o m m,p.m.no low rhamw pwwrr +f days odor Mai"��,.;��,"` 1%na"Vmr^wl wu,^'IM awlmde�l• 1111,01 rill mr 0loll aydrw�ppmm (N l�rt"Pu lir:lprinled Narr*,,f tuolai Seal) voka4m pil a "rid'. SueVnn Stamper P,erpl Knal,mm krero uee^d I'deriffication 7'y1 or Idefhh i im twmr �� ;AM 27, +�.Y hdIN!B ' u IMorl ll roe Co uil l°tty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1571 u,,. APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Public Meeting 2: November 23, 2020 There were four attendees on this call. Attendance and announcements for the meeting are below. V, Participants, (7) AW) NIoore (Me Y David Stroud (Host.) �eff n-�ainning Brian Shea A Frankie Zito z Khnibellly Brown Robin Yang M.ort'oe Cot�i rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION 1 A, Yd rt serunrn Yniscartr+.ya'N.`mmly-fi,gov " d,q I,, cr'M vgrkrt >,C. I,p,'F{ k!.rryFl x V hkI prr Ake fl" 1ratJ m.,4jN1 VA F00 n I r-, N 5Vb^CI I R41f CR O:.,f l I l,rii;;)nsrr ajiva G'f r v A "'j r �.A'1 yy q��iw."� q, n, IJuJ p'l FyN ( �'t^111111?r"' II(L rI:AI(I','OrIF � '�� K815Tl:%01,. 'w" Y1Lk.P MONROE COUNTY COVID-19 UPDATES SFARCH m u0 DI, ��rP�ENi �r:P�wc�u:�;',ti�irr��it,re=.1� tu�7W��<:P�t�i.lmaotw FtrYiDffFASS 0. 1."ohlLali ,nr,i ld o_°�W. f NMI I JAV EVENTS CALENDAR 'a++dE.D,NOV 1 ' Dl IPg,unn ruim�,C.rmre'nia.num P.c.e°'oeeg-HYBRID Q LS epg 40N IfWNEETYP&Cw TH U1,NOV 119 SIh ecia t Magtutratae Hearing I@Ifu I�NM �� t 10 11 .? 13 14 SAT,NOV 21 r r r '15 '46 1? 78 19 N) 214 IPfl.t Pvaj,..t K y L-g.C.d& Cai pliarnt 22 21, 24 25 26 27' 2B '7lany IHca.'01 nn.Y9¢rnP.. M ON,NOV 23 Virtu M PubHc.Meeting on Dy'a1't ILocat Pk kig.80nn 5t-te Piznwm Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1573 nn APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Monroe County Emergency Management -iif,d Ika S cxtty 4c ott lust now Monroe County has updated its Local Mitigation Strategy and is seeking publlic input on the draft plan. A virtual public meeting is scheduled for Monday, November 23rd at 5 pm to be held via Zoom. To attend this meeting, pllease email abigai1.moore@woodplc.com to request an email invitation. To review the draft plan and provide feedback, visit M,C)HROECOUN FYf:1.A.-MSS,C0M Monroe County Florida Local Mitigation Y Strategy: Draft Documents 0 0 People Reached Engagements Corniment Share L.�ke os Con'inient as IMoinroe Cm,inty Enl( �g&r'[Cy M... 00 1111111 jlllj�ii ji N I Maunaroe Cou rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Key Dates,Events&Nfeetlngp ............... ...............11-1111111111111111111111111...............11111111111--1111111111111...............11111-1111111111111111111111............... ...............111111111111111111111--1111............... Monroe County has updated its Local Mual publiitigation Stra;tegy and is seek- ing public input on the draft plan!.A virtc imeeting is scheduled � N � N for Monday,November 23rd at 5 pm to be held via Zoom,. To attend this meeting, please email'!obigoll.moore0woodplc.com to request an email invitation. To review the draft plan and provide,feed- NEI= back,visit _nj&[jt m L s M T W T f Nftrt roe Cou rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1575 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Plan Website Outreach i 'r��u1 raw I �IIIIII IIIIII �� ��Illlllllu I�io � �ii � a M.ortave CouI'It Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1576 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Public Survey Monroe County distributed and publicized a public survey,shown below,that requested public input into the Local Mitigation Strategy planning process and the identification of mitigation activities that could lessen the risk and impact of future flood hazard events. The survey was announced at the first public meeting, provided via a link on participating jurisdictions web and social media accounts, and made available online on the plan website. � m IJ'r'inooi ici:�t ot?io v=VI':d1',Icor -lt�iLl rid ni-fly iGny r§'r,ci', ^_It?13 aryturl °vet i aicC r✓f I,7r I P,.,a t_1"w°kY1 I Hi %, 311 e'rpare�(.�r'dxo°a0U feel for a ii,a°_'ard Not aar i pre =reld soar i,at.�rrK�r oi, c9 I' S01'rlr i'8t. rY';a pre lalPE,q, M.or:aroe Couu°u't Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1577 �u, APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION 4.Dc-),/ot.� knovv hi'mw to evarualeaind wheie to evaalate ti,-), IIf necessair,,,R 1QC 5,Are f,&_i abe tc eoaa,u,te cir take,sh.,eher uf necessrary?, 6.Dc)yot.� to get more,�rfi:)irmabc)n on, ,,azard flsk, ard prepa�edress? 7.Th4. hAzardL,,c-cr»+,dereb finr mi)duLsivi mi the P1an are liistedi br-Iriw. Please, rckate,the ill of that °,�OU pen_eivp. ficir epch hazard. PIealle rate the"'.. hzzards thq,-,ojjgh,,, 3, z's f6linw,�� 11=kmw, 3-high. lcjvv� 2 3,I�H1gh: Ni LIPt�r &Trc pc&Storn- Severe 9aCw ewlher I�rna te, 1,iange Sea Lev,e, Ccmtml EMS�'Or 2f Exb,errue H ea!t Hurls an BUseid ard Terhndiog�,cal K?carcls M.ort roe Cou rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION B.Cpssrl o ssfh �az . , asrt� ar � � I rt �Iryll�a� �=drd�,rtta e to 9.IDescrllk.o,.- acti ns ,a e taker ircu c-oliutogale hazalf d Ilurlk four Y 0 sill "31tr)u��,IL0rnroe, o�II 10.°rlp'gIIidl categrj'es i' di "VIC1{J fr,Pl 1111,n0Ldld be mc)srr effeciti e? F'&,,en a&_rct v,rl__ ;_"g,rlarr rlcC a I'd=iG'I"]rg {Du fid nici iC iiCdtsP PrioDrlty Pr i-ee[ eau i c,rofit,ln n_.raai o_r_ ficciiid prone l�,'-10l rtji bL.i C'Jft "da''tur.I CY] r_iLW '' etl_tl1..i �._V,i(,ion aal"triG' fohe_.dlr.':Vd't l hr.i-.e:C..rio n'l _ k__ ..�,cj,t_fzzar ,thr t_,t ra:oG'igin t°ion,I"1a_oa126 -�VPI II12� .io=.�tr'IT'; iCr"`�jo_� taw `:es protir_atior:, pq„ strucfu P;: rfio Irrnajt.1 e'g,,,w',tl r_rw,.° pr E{'s,en,i iG'Irjrre'J to ec-,.:_,t ion pwula Iw ed',,xa-:cm I „What Is th,.- best vvaly°If0IP ;OU to recefl "e 11infi am t),z) V abcd.it 'tllazar"=r evei"1its and/or hovv ti-ii Ply ak-e /Irfuuf faumull.y Its �r ,and Ir,,/,6ghbi,,1alh&c)d nii,,i4e resllll eiit t�isu Ihazard,; Please,_hedk ,,ll tl1iali.zppsl,f. Te e r_ on i NJe Afdv�ert:stlr_nts P':Idiai Q F d:, bran/, pQ. F,Yrt'f,i z"'!a- rifor-r-iaJ a moa:hure., _ioun'Y r iiC:rtVd g/,,,(E,rr-iE t sic a r,eicd a fvia= Erma f M.or:aroe Couu°u,t Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1579 �rµ� APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION The County received 22 responses to the survey.The following bullet points summarize significant findings from the survey. Key questions and responses are detailed in Figure B.1 through Figure B.11. Responses were received from residents of Key West(13.6%), Layton (59.1%), Marathon (13.6%), unincorporated Monroe County(9.1%), and Islamorada (4.5%). 91%of respondents(20) own their home,which indicates ability of those engaged in the mitigation process to implement mitigation on their own properties. 91%of respondents feel somewhat prepared or very prepared for a hazard event.9%feel somewhat unprepared; 100%say they are able to evacuate or take shelter if necessary. Over 86%of respondents know where to get more information on hazard risk and preparedness. Outreach successful outreach programs should be continued and expanded to ensure pertinent information continues to reach residents. Hurricane was rated the most significant hazard,followed by climate change and sea level rise, and flooding.Wildfire was rated the least significant hazard,followed by drought and tornado. 13 of the 22 respondents reported taking steps to mitigate risk at home. Multiple respondents reported purchasing an elevated home or elevating their own home. Others reported taking wind-retrofit actions including shutters and wind resistant windows. One resident reported installing a rain catchment system. Multiple residents have evacuation and storm plans in place as well as evacuation and disaster kits. Respondents favored preventative actions,followed closely by property protection and natural resource protection for mitigation; least favored option was emergency services. County or local government social media page and websites, along with email and text messages,were the most preferred methods of communication for information on hazard events. Figure .1—Survey Response, Place of Residence °I„ Where do you Ihve? won i I:df rind Unin corp:rm;3ted�Ar liror C ol-II nt?ly 2 d/, Cityof VEc;�'YV =t Ciity of Nd11C'thoIII Ciity of Kc',,Y Cclon'y Per"fiich Cl Clity of Layton 13 V 1I12ge of other Cl M.orttaroe t,ourttt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1580 x APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Figure B.2—Survey Response, Home Ownership 2., Do you FPEI�t 01' OW� YOLV' hoirne? 2 cv�nn 20 Figure B.3—Survey Response, Preparedness 1. How prepared do YOU feel for a hazard event? u1,r @11111p, 2 'V&y preparec� 2 Figure B.4—Survey Response, Evacuation Center/Shelter Awareness 4.. Do you lknow how to evacuate and where to evacuate to, liif necessary? 22 @1111p, 0 M.ort'oe Cmi rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1581 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Figure B.5—Survey Response,Ability to Evacuate/Take Shelter 5.. Are you able to evacuate or take shelter i4 necessary? 22 Figure B.6—Survey Response, Knowledge of Where to Find Hazard Information 6.. Do you lucnow wheire/how to get more Information on hazard risk and preparedness? 3 lip fkfttt'oe Cmi t'tty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1582 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Figure B.7—Survey Response, Hazard Significance Ratings 7., The hazards considered foi ncklSbrl r the �Hazard Mitigation Plan are, Isted below �Pl�ease in&cate the �level of s�gnificanc.e that YOU perceive for each hazard. Please rate these hazards I thl'OUIgh 3 as f6low&� 1=bw, 2=moderate, 3=1high T 2�,Moderate) 1111111111 1,�',High) Hurrf�am-:',&Tlopica�Stoml SEVEle 00-adhe( Tornado Fhooching C I mate C ha rcie Se a U--Ide�FJ's- D Coastal Erc�kcr uuuuuuuui � ■ Ex,lrem,a Heat Techanclogka uuuuu� � M.ort roe Cmi rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Figure B.8—Survey Response, Key Hazard Issues/Concerns 81,. Describe ariy specific h za iiissues/probl&mi areas that YOU would like, the planning comm,Jttee, to cons11 der "12 Resl,.),,Dnses �IDS` Naime Re,sponses, J'- rcr "J 3 ug-- po'cbm--, CiJ-7 7J j g g r-J r'l 17 r m,- pa--' dea'rr tc' h7,� rct'c- I—�cck ,nm 9 -cj,x, tc,gel--7-, 1 n ng i-as, 7--ccq- --,r c --iagi� c j-j ,, th aO hEii trijl c'f t Y fcr Vm I r": '-I C U'. d �J e-r a- 9 J �j 1- iY.' fkftt°t iioe Cmi t,tty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 15841 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Figure B.9-Survey Response, Personal Actions Taken for Mitigation 9. Describe any act"ions you have takeni to rnit"igate hazard r"�sk fOm P' farn"]y hame, or neighborhood. "13 Responses �IDT N�aime e,sponses d I'd r-"JC' E -7 -�ur D-le f-1 rB 1 I.% j an'J f CID-1 1-1-, CU� C Cc j e S 9 m,Ff U prep- i, h cr, TC' e',;e' ST!--�T'5 '-'C!"and I'D rr e F"a fGi g- on c.v'(e, e% g Cf�-1'vhl�-'e CTI a c-r- a,7,,:�r rc,� 9 c'u ck,g dles '-g fkftt°t'oe Cmi t'tty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Figure B.10—Survey Response, Preferred Mitigation Categories 10. Which catego ies of mitigation actions do you feell ),VOUld Ibe most effective? Ainry fa PrpventivE 31-fivitips fp,g,plan., 5 C///p Prop n,y protedon(-g rCtro 3 r1l3tLffa%resourre protection Str uct u ia�pr ci c ha(c g storm t1 Public rn forn,iator,e,g 9 M Figure B.11—Survey Response, Preferred Public Outreach Methods 11. What is the [DeSt way for you to receive i nformati on about hazard events and/or how to make YOUl farnily, home, and neighborhood moife resnlient to hazards? Nease check aH that apply Radio 7 pubhc b 1-1 Public Ljb,nary 10 Print MecfiB- '1E'VVj;)ap&i, nfoi._ 8 C�.-.iunty cr local govmrrvrenz w... I2 1& cuiunty cr local governmem s,_ I2 2 MIMI/ Text niissage I other 4 M.ort roe Cmi rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION uu iii iiiiiii iiuui iui uu ui iiu uui iiu uuii uu uu�����titititi»uuuiiuuuuuuiuu ui uu uuo iiiiu U u I I I tl � ( 1 AI �k I� k I Per Florida Administrative Code Chapter 2713-22,annual meetings of the LMS working group are required. Below documents the annual LMS meetings held since the adoption of the 2015 Local Mitigation Strategy. LMSWG Annual Meeting: November 2016 Ci iL Ej CM D "LU " n a01 � m N " a by °IL v � o "o LIJM or E �M �i4yyNMMdqq 'y Iry �,II� �r✓✓��tl0, 0ti U. 77 M.ortaroe Couu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1587 �ur APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION CA zr 4 M.ort roe Cou rttv Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION t" B B rd'BL. N e ,n� k Suter 150 Coin �� �� �' Marathon, ILL 33050 Emergency Management Fax., 305-289-6333 afl Monrale County L.ocau IMifigatbn Strategy Working Group M",t rig Il arattaan merr-ament Cienteia Agenda Iraturoductiorr, s Project t,pdafes w National WeWher; ea ore.- Social Mladia and Public Outreach Scutt Fi,aaser • Dry Flood1proofing Pilot Michael Lai son -FlW OldreaCh and Education lher 0usiness M.orta roe t,Iotu iiu°tty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1589 rµ APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION montoo courvity i400af imirtigation strategy Working Group 2016A,finv011 Meeting Date: flovember 5&�2,01.6 Tlrrle� 10;00-1 0 tixatioa mairavion Goveirniment Center;IB010C Mettillf,ROOM 8798 Overseas HiKhwav,Marathon,F1 3,1050 MtOndeot,' Caro1 Sichreck Monroe County 5*ip Harding City of Layton Jenn Rallaird moviroe Co'Unly t�v Ila wrigbt Ft,Dept of Health Monroe County Carofine Horn FIRM Adam k-rguson m0ftroe Qouinty 5"oritt Ftasp.( City of Key West: Michael Wnwin FIRM Terry Abel Vilitage of IslamorAbda Fv're Rescue I arl Bursa VdIage lof 154amorada tatiathon Arno National Weo thetSeirvice Key,West 11"Bura White Monroe County ISberiffs Of fire Armand Messina FIRM Akson,Higguns City of Key West Jeff Manning Monroe Covrity 4 Members of the group in troducedi thernselves, The purpose,of the meeting was w vp0ate members on thle status,of MQnrQ*,county&ILIVIS plan,wbich ha.5 renlabod largely unchanged simce the att*ptod ro.rAslon,from 2015. The grouip dJscussed passible funding sovr'o.Vl for mAigation project s,inchicling HM5P n2lated to Hurricane Matthew,the PLes4dlentia I Coinst rvj;tia,,n Mitiption,Prograrn(ACMIP],and a rl,,,Dept orf Health,prepiairedness grant. # Scutt Fraser infavmed tht group About eiowatlon projecm in the City of Key WW' 0 JiGn Rizzo 1vorn,the National Weather 5,erviev Key"Nest aftm gave a prosantation about the INOAA storr'n,ftaidy Ptogf a,"_as well acs the,various,ways dine Natifocal Weather Service into acts wkii the local commu nity andl doicisioti makers-, Nye al&a,discv%4ed the marim Ready Supporu,.,ft program,In whith buvnessf%schiools,Non,Profits,Horne Owner Associatio(Ils,Ro pita]S,and forr t1he Midditle-and Upper Keys, He dli5i;;ussed NW5 National AwaireneFi ppitreath attivktfes, Mort aroe Cou rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1590 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION seasonall outmach,and spOsl medlamilreach IInitMautfves. ion,rnentioned planate develop The poativna i weatfier Service coinc.ept of,:iinivigrotoij warnirg'rearn,a pirojert inhended to 1ruprove, the f1jow of com,monkat on to aril among NW5,Emeqvncy managers,Media,and ultimately thin PAlic, scou,Fraser ftom the CIO of Key West detalledi their idea,of roindmliflg,a diry fiowd proofir% IpHot project for re*Wential hamises, tht goal is to,arrAimulatt data whilch ontild de.mOnsIrAlb the offoctivene ssofdry finod proofing,jn4 fustffying;credils toward insummire oind,the use of midgalicni fundling tq,o onduct such,actIvIttim Michael Larson,from Fair Insuranice Aiatrs tot moryroe IflIRM),dimisseld that giroup's efforts to Um It the,rate gf increase foe,windstorm insurame, Mininrce Cminty has been inipactod ospo.ciAfly hard,despite a lack of recent elaims In the COMmunity, FIRM seas ujipport.and niembers toconfinue its grassroots lobbying efilbirts. Other members or FIRM offered smippart and assistance In grant wrigjn%and o0rridnistfative act1wdes. Tberp mis of distussilon of'IFFMA's propmed disastermiledrrcftle Note:City of Layton was represented by Skip Haring(incorrectly noted as Skip Harding above). M.ort roe Cou rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION LMSWG Annual Meeting: April 2017 r 4� �- q4 •� M.r �1.rr V � � Y 4 4 w ... �, ru d ` � LU m MVP n � w. jh ' k � C W, LU G `. , ? yszO ar5 . ° , Z3 " m » Q M.ortave Courtt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1592�n�� APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION 75, Vi Y W " '16 l M.ortaroe Couu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1593 nn APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION y Monroe 4,00 1l St Ocean svift 150 Cown :�a hMlairathonn EL 33050 w. Emergency �� a Ph:305-289-6019 o Pax: 05- 89-633 c n� 10u_inllo,,e cu if') �,6 LQCA Pak�jlga� k','n" h,a"egy Wrx' uu"g Cv%e o�,4sng A0G2A" 'IJI�t i� �P81UJ t��,VmQ',V�"e�afi�n ore rr v,a C114 LOOS � CA y uss11nmgi cIfoxrerlt tInaste I R rllemrl of `,SwP jjp Two, OV'ulPllWlives Re Ili'nv One' 91V P".aVvels iN"iV;;�°w+�l% 119 ¢�U"�',,I't�q�:�' �;P,��" +�'�.'�Nu,} w�a✓���.�'Wl�'D r di 'f Il ate("m the M.ori.aroe Couu°ut Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1594 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Monroe Cau ntV Locall m1tigation Strmagy Working molp Aprill 20,17 Mleefing Coate, April 24r�2017 Time: 91:OD 1 1,,SO Loicaflow; Marathon Govomirnerit Center;BOCC Meeting Raom 8,798 Ovorso.aA Hkghway,,Marathon,FIL 3305O Attendees,,, Geo,rg,e Gair,rel:t City of Marathon Sik p marding C11yof LAVion jenn iSadilard Man;oe County yao'll sursa Village of Ilslamoraidar CAFOOine Horn FIRM Adarn Fergu.5on, Monroe County 5Cott Fraser (Ay of Key West Damon ikfleieq !i"th(1F1 Water I' an Dis;Wtt Laura Deluacjh,Hartle Monroe County Rotas W51TO monr&Lb,Collunly 45"010i'd floussin City of Key Colony Beath Eiii,abeth�,Znaffo city Of KRy wrest Marty Santerfilt Monrce County Jeff Manfling monroie Counly. * Mernbeirs,0the group introduced thetmisOms. The 1pvrpose of the nnneetlrng was tc updare rneimbers on the OM-mt bi'Motaf,'OL6 County's LIMS plain,as wall as Ipotendal fUncling opportunity dure to the lormIdentla I Nsa"r Iibedarration resuldrtg f rofn RurrVaine Matthew. Also distussed WeVe eXPEK3edl fV1nd1h1#tYC50$fOr the flood M4,igiatlipin Assistaince Pyogragn,and the lore-Disaster INO higimfloin atssistan, ilPm ram,,(eKpetted iih jurif/fUly 2017� * Jeff and Adam,presen(ted infogenation abow the c.urrentstatus of the Cow"Ays LocaO NfiliSation Strategy,as well as a reOew of the LIV15 lqjjjtjaj@ve proce„ss,i,e project ullondficatlon, and rartking,, * Tine re followed more detailed diiscusSlon of the ciarrent'masteir list!of PfGj1L1Ct initiallves,listed in the LMS(plan, This discussion focm.wd Qn qpdairiqg the first.„reirnoving old andlog,inefiglWe projects,those that were compik-ted,and updating"atusof ptcijoets in,progress jeg Rshe name W5,Hagpltal PO M Application) The Woup dilseussed projects,ftom,eacK step of the in itiative list,'Stop 1,-Step 2'. Note:City of Layton was represented by Skip Haring(incorrectly noted as Skip Harding above). M.ort roe Cou rtty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION o The Working Group cailled fol'imemitpers to!identify avid submit Notices of muni far afty inew propmed InIllptive%a 11rAl Irwite'd submissimoof projef.1chipromfiZalions for existing'S,tep,V Meiiibers of the Workiriscrvolp wer,e invited arid encouraged to pairticipate on the raWrng sUb- ramimittee, M.ort roe Cou rttv Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION LMSWG Annual Meeting: October 2017 CA 16 INN Y ri y'JJ y d lkftrtaoeCouu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION "14 p µ, 'binu,mr III 6 nA M.orta roe Cot� iiu°tb Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1598 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION LMSWG AnnualMeeting: May 2018 wru� ,,,,,ti„ �j r UJ N 7 R Ir- N pp , Yu y� 'WTI Lu 6„f, "„ LU O 01 w� y p ry ery v M p J Nye jl M.ortaroe Couu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1599 rµ APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION � u � �a �ry 4 o q ki �+ , n �o Via, z: r �p I{ m tl M.ortaroe Couu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1600 x APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION �LMS Shategy,Woxklng Orcatap Meel"Ing Moy 2:9� 20 18 ,9 AD al.m, Moralhon Go vermm,ent Center Welcome Overview,olthe hocets Piresentrx1lon of Ronjklngpf Svbc ornmflf ee Ap pwova I of I inking S Lo bic ommifle,e Scodrqp N*xt Steps, Quesfions M.ort roe Cotl,ri rttv Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION LMSWG Annual Meeting: October 2018 KP Aa _y�.rop jj y E uj �ry � J O �� .. � 4 � It ,....,, Yf .a 4M ry N a i M.ortave Courtt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1602�n��. APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION IV CPC �p aid Q U- oil 1.0 31 .. ....... M.ort roe Cou rttv Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1603 'n APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Monroe County-i c I NlRigaflon Strategy Working Group 1 eefing Agenda,- 1lm .LIMA a 121M rn.rn. .are.ui: r is�mkBo-nun r`ntb�a�uren�irua r�r Q'.��do,� a, ��°;n, beau.a°bus"���,tlfC(p,'VM 3 3i,M) � 'o�dA°Vn�nstl�k�4or �n,R�'v��n',tldu� ll�ii��u rr r 14,11:zo, Nalmil MV,lemb q:ii SeuVKax : 0fipi r,,,)jn",lnnm m�tire;mu'�Yir � G'��,,o.ouY�r�V,r�n ai a�bndir� i,nutre;krw�ce�a➢�%�d���rr;,d if r'ignrr��,�f¢b'r �suru�tiw,�ng,�°Ahd! Parabop abbn Asuslanue Pirup amN siunnimaq Ali n u 8°tla,cr M.or°'raroe Couriu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1604 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION LMSWG Annual Meeting: November 2019 Ja ul 44 r f I " F ate., Zzz2 " 74 4a uw A M, y ' � a® kCIL r. Mort a oe Co u u"tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1605 �� APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION A, m' 41, M.ortaroe Couu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION uuul ui yui ui yui ui lui uu uli uu uuo null uuuuuluuuuui uiuli yiii� uil�tiyyy» iiuyi iiiiiuu uuuu liii ui uu uu uuuiuiuiuuiuul ul 1 0 � I tll� l I I I I I I II I l 1111 I I � I uu This planning step credits the incorporation of other plans and other agencies' efforts into the development of the Hazard Mitigation Plan. Other agencies and organizations must be contacted to determine if they have studies, plans and information pertinent to the Hazard Mitigation Plan, to determine if their programs or initiatives may affect the community's program, and to see if they could support the community's efforts. To incorporate stakeholder input into the plan,a variety of stakeholders were identified by the LMSWG and sent an email inviting them to attend a public meeting, review the draft plan, and provide feedback and comments.The coordination letter sent via email is provided below. A list of stakeholders detailing their involvement is provided in Table B.3. Stakeholders were also involved through specific requests for data to support the development of the plan. Zito. Frani IFmom gualrurmrtmv t uiaaouh sent: Wednesday,E,gcvw�ernbeT 18, rCirri''Vd"g43 AM To,:, ire H.Iilnaldoa,IFLIFEIF orgw l Irtura,.b,:acr�rrtrmla:e�arrtarrat��dan>I" �.>rsmrf .a N�"d?N�I�duriCw,G�rr..,,4�or�f ta�ra,rV?,.f&rsas aam,l; girerfrrqafi1 rn,1q 1rfk,er v rad.Br6rulcop.aaar91ickedr corn", ps:ray.�elGL�i"m�uaamru'imi�rmsimsr�r'I;�ramm�.�oshbas�rn��ruar.uamuar ¢te.r��ar;: Da nrem Yell' 'agNrr rLrar�t:, dlllt�rrmumat��NaYrrNur�w; C iniby rgntyfi igov, ��n ur�aFrhr r.@wRnA� :rrxr� +`�WirM�,ra:� rrr�hGny, w; �r.Rr ritlm �� ar �r�M c rg� rnrg nay,F,rmst�c:Bruae9n��r*rrmnr"q,r�Fn r�w.a�i��i� rir�w���r-n�N r2n��w�errna�r.-rrr^mo�rihtt�:FnvrrrlYk�u���n���:ard�� ni,�a�r:bm�wri; IatnRm,�a�gsrcr.u:r�oau�nr&nrrr.,wuamre�awrra��lu�urutia �. ��a n-�rNw�,arflbv�+�r�a:Mn�o"�;';7liwmrr�hrrn�"�u�nRnaa��-r�rn~sR,�: ah:dnrw[anK*sss ,r,wrwtlrn°�i�P�rawnrN7cu_tlnu�I�INrw fur 4: r.u,u uPa� tl�iru Hc� r �.�Ng �tl� }cxrri Gus.Rio,s 1F:kjrGc'aDE_rcP,>dov;sc¢wtta@n ,,f, a stz marirro-bp-m.ram)„ titrettmar�lut"isgam�ut araeiaciNarxr eu rxd t��u: Sao n ic;arrf rF up.nArr�aau,"tbw�tlw.,rrorrn, Nncmrmr V YrgF fiaalgt,ul!srl uam�6l,,icmror iaemautndew,��mrc �uro�R.�,s��rr r�rr q or Cct 51scud,David&Zito,,Fraanxescx Maarrnnra FIL!& o uf��e+ �s ms Sri hakmirmae-Cyr„int°y�tl ncM hm i amz,ian"at,�ramst"),�..F�iepdsac ,Fwerluaewataed Saud usftermraann,. Monroe County and its inc,rrE.rrrm°gated ca;a araumuues have clewa:loped pan supolate to their 2r015 iuEtf..,lurasm�iiirtimtirtai i.rmral Mituption Stmategy.'T'o as skit Wah tins process,the County,inciarprrrairvid cr_arnmuniti;es,ar d the Local r0litigatkan Slrataagy Working Group are,seeking staikelaetd.F input and expenise to,ai the plane i ming,effort. tVe irmwate,taxu tin attend wa public imforrn iatriorr nmmeting,on the draft 124an to be held on Monday,Noverriber 23 'at 15 lyt..m. via aZcmrnwirAererearatlaaH.Inaraaft"oint:rra of theiraall Iplease ito this eirri'if youw+ould fiketo receiwe a Niirralc to acicess the caNIN,.Additionally,pri,w tsa thie ineetrngy a Bull idraft,of the plan will taf.-a posted hot rewieww at °e"rtr,a:a '"..."rr r� aiir o,rvd-rr,a 4f t rr .'maaiuu/..IPlear eerna�utasat+rs-imirmenarsnc feedback onthe draft pbn to me at �itla"„mr ,r ::°n a",gi r✓r„aiB gl.d ;ar.rl,.W-apprecgate any,input You May 1—lave Thank yok.,o fosr your wsistance'imit ttreuia,riffimt to make our v,-:ornmq.,imrtijLrs wafer and noes aes ientii a�FaQ t2�in nB'r4kr�V..� �'�Nxryi gFa�rnri F"�ar,irrmtrr�un dt Fr .Y,>.u,.,,r N"arzuuauawd,m, l�'iu'arra_tl w E'2i X rad rhrmr.„ °%A,brbft �' I f 9i_th0.9tl09 5"au 9 arww iw.uwmraradp1r:,,.caarni Wood Mort aroe Co u rtt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1607 Aga APPENDIX B: PLANNING PROCESS DOCUMENTATION Table —Stakeholder List First Name Last Name Organization,Title Non-Profit Organizations Josett Valdez Regional CEO,South Florida Region of American Red cross Deborah Koch Executive Director,Greater Miami and the Keys,American Red Cross Jill Miranda Baker Executive Director, Florida Keys History and Discovery Center Martha Klitzkie Co-Executive Director, Reef Environmental Education Foundation Leah Stockton President/CEO, United Way of the Florida Keys Stephanie Kaple Executive Director, Florida Keys Outreach Coalition for the Homeless Thomas Gray Maintenance,Safety,&Security, Florida Keys Outreach Coalition for the Homeless Educational Institutions Gregory O'Flynn Director, Facilities,College of the Florida Keys Rachel Oropeza Xiomara Director, President's Office,College of the Florida Keys Theresa Axford Superintendent, Monroe County School District Surrounding!Municipalities Jerry Bell Miami-Dade Assistant Director of Planning Frank Rollason Miami-Dade County Emergency Management Director Dan Summers Director,Collier County Bureau of Emergency Services Jeff Walker Director,Collier County Risk Management Division Corby Schmidt Principal Planner,Collier County Comprehensive Planning Christopher Mason FEMA Floodplain Coordinator,Collier County Cynthia Chambers Director, Broward Environmetnal Protection and Growth Management Miguel Ascarrunz Director, Broward Director of Emergency Management Divison Isabel Cosio Carballo Executive Director,South Florida Regional Planning Council Federal Government Roy McClure FEMA NFIP/CRS Specialist Craig Carpenter ISO/CRS Specialist Keith Harper ISO/CRS Specialist Heidi Liles ISO/CRS Specialist David Sumner USGS-Caribean-Florida Water Science Center Director State Government Miles Anderson Bureau Chief,FDEM Mitigation Bureau Shannon Riess SFMO CRS Staff Planning Consultant, Florida Department of Environmental Protection Emergency Kristen Gousse Response Planning Consultant Jon Iglehart Director of South District Management, Florida Department of Environmental Protection Program Administrator Marathon Office,South District Florida Department of Gus Rios Emergency Managemet Business Community Scott Atwell Executive Vice President&CEO, Key West Chamber of Commerce Judy Hull Director, Islamorada Chamber of Commerce Daniel Samess CEO,Greater Marathon Chamber of Commerce Sharon Kelley-Brown President Elect, Florida Keys Board of Realtors Jodi Weinhofer President,The Lodging Association of the Florida Keys Scott Atwell Executive Vice President&CEO, Key West Chamber of Commerce M.ortaroe Couiiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1608 APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES 44 CFR Subsection D§201.6(c)(3)(11): [The mitigation strategy section shall include]a section that identifies and analyzes a comprehensive range of specific mitigation actions and projects being considered to reduce the effects of each hazard,with particular emphasis on new buildings and infrastructure. All plans approved by FEMA after October 1,2008,must also address the jurisdiction's participation in the NFIP,and continued compliance with NFIP requirements,as appropriate. As part of the process of developing the mitigation action plans found in Section 7,the LMSWG reviewed and considered a comprehensive range of mitigation options before selecting the actions identified for implementation.This section summarizes the full range of mitigation measures evaluated and considered by the LMSWG, including a review of the categories of mitigation measures outlined in the 2017 CRS Coordinator's Manual, a discussion of current local implementation and CRS credits earned for those measures,and a list of the specific mitigation projects considered and recommended for implementation. Mitigation alternatives identified for implementation by the LMSWG were evaluated and prioritized using the criteria discussed in Section 6 of this plan. uuu ui uii�titi»uiuuuiiiiuuiuui uiiii�iiiiii uuuui ui uuuiu uiiii i{««uooiii uui uu uuiiiiuiuui ui uiuu uu iiuuiuiiiiuu uiuu ui iui iiii uu iuuuiii iui iu�uu iiuiuuuu uuuui iiiiu iiiiu uuii iii iui iiiiu uu uuuu iuiiiuu uiuuu uuuui iuuiu I I 1 II 1 I I 4 iIIVV II � � � I�uuuuu�uuuuui�llllllllllllllllll Illuuuuuuuilllliuumuuiu�1luuuuioll�uuuuo��uu�Iluilluu��uuuuii�luuui�����I�uuuuo��uu�IIII�IIII�uulluui�uu�lui�����uu���Plui Iluuuuioiuuillli�uu����uul�uuuuo��uu�llluui�lllll�uu�lluu�uilluuuuu�uiillluu@uuu�luuuuio�luu�lluilluuuuuiluuuio�����llluuuui�luuuuo��uu�llluui�luuuo�uu�uuuuuu�uuuuu�ui�lluilluuuuu�iuuuuui�������������������������� Once it was determined which flood hazards warranted the development of specific mitigation actions, the LMSWG analyzed viable mitigation options that supported the identified goals and objectives. The LMSWG was provided with the following list of mitigation categories which are utilized as part of the CRS planning process. Prevention Property Protection Natural Resource Protection Structural Projects Emergency Services Public Information and Outreach uuui uuui »>u«<��uooiiiiuiuuu uuuui uui uu uiii uuuiuiiiiuuuu iuuuuui iiui iiuiuuuiiiuiuuiuu uuuui uuu uiiiiuuuui uuiui uu iui uuiii uuiuuiuiii iiu iiiiu uu iiuuuuui iuuiuu alai uiuiu iuiuiiii iuuiu l t I l I l 1 I I uuui o uuuuuuiuuiuui�««<sti»>iiiii iiiuuu iii iii I ii i i ii a i r ii u u I us i i �v I I lu 11 I I I >UI I I k k I �u oli u b � �I Note: the CRS Credit Sections are based on the 2017 CRS Coordinator's Manual. C.2.1 Preventative and Regulatory Measures Preventative measures are designed to keep a problem-such as flooding-from occurring or from getting worse. The objective of preventative measures is to ensure that future development is not exposed to damage and does not cause an increase in damages to other properties. Building, zoning, planning and code enforcement offices usually administer preventative measures. Some examples of types of preventative measures include: Building codes Zoning ordinance Comprehensive or land use plan Open space preservation Floodplain regulations � Subdivision regulations Stormwater management regulations MbrtaoeCot� iiu°:t Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1609 APPENDIX C: MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES Building Codes Building codes provide one of the best methods for addressing natural hazards. When properly designed and constructed according to code, the average building can withstand many of the impacts of natural hazards. Hazard protection standards for all new and improved or repaired buildings can be incorporated into the local building code.Building codes can ensure that the first floors of new buildings are constructed to be higher than the elevation of the 100-year flood (the flood that is expected to have a one percent chance of occurring in any given year). This is shown in Figure B.1. Just as important as having code standards is the enforcement of the code. Adequate inspections are needed during the course of construction to ensure that the builder understands the requirements and is following them. Making sure a structure is properly elevated and anchored requires site inspections at each step. .... . nr ^'" wWN'raw 9e, im+'iwi orenwr ... m m. .0 ..va,a..., irr'arrrow. I.1M'm'N'°fuN;J wWNW1, ,.m e n.w,o 10 exown ru o rs r: f Vwl r WNWrnY➢1vID ➢' w.wo m e, ,,.mwµ hrsmrmrorm+ VVY n..n • "` Mwmr+xor nom. wrof�wiY s9ovw D Y1 Y IWYIN^"' ,,,,.,,„,,,,. ^�+�.„�, ..••ei"m' 1YN1➢1. Top of aw . nor rr romioiwlur� a" mY �o�r Lowest ruw m¢r�^¢wiowrvn^wmrrvm ",,. w�Nwrr ��wrYY � Floor .,, .. ...a,.., o u.uu wrww . ,.ma wrvvuurw wvw ,o ou v uw,rmmmm+mwmmm umyomrmyn�m�!��rmwNiro�wmwi9mXJM�i ,,.. ,,,, �,. ,, rI r ¢,r y P Iry I 'i I I li Source: FEMA Publication: Above the Flood. Elevating Your Floodprone House,2000 Figure B.1—Building Codes and Flood Elevations ASCE 24 is a referenced standard in the International Building Code.Any building or structure that falls within the scope of the IBC that is proposed in a flood hazard area is to be designed in accordance with ASCE 24. Freeboard is required as a function of the nature of occupancy and the flood zone. Dwellings and most other buildings have 1-foot of freeboard; certain essential facilities have 2-3 feet; only agricultural facilities,temporary facilities and minor storage facilities are allowed to have their lowest floors at the BFE. Comprehensive or Land Use Plan Building codes provide guidance on how to build in hazardous areas. Planning and zoning activities direct development away from these areas, particularly floodplains and wetlands. They do this by designating i ftr':aoeCot� iiu°�t Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1610 APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES land uses that are compatible with the natural conditions of land that is prone to flooding, such as open space or recreation. Open Space Preservation Keeping the floodplain and other hazardous areas open and free from development is the best approach to preventing damage to new developments. Open space can be maintained in agricultural use or can serve as parks,greenway corridors and golf courses. Comprehensive and capital improvement plans should identify areas to be preserved by acquisition and other means, such as purchasing an easement. With an easement,the owner is free to develop and use private property, but property taxes are reduced or a payment is made to the owner if the owner agrees to not build on the part set aside in the easement. Although there are some federal programs that can help acquire or reserve open lands, open space lands and easements do not always have to be purchased. Developers can be encouraged to dedicate park land and required to dedicate easements for drainage and maintenance purposes. Zoning Ordinance Zoning enables a community to designate what uses are acceptable on a given parcel. Zoning can ensure compatibility of land use with the land's level of suitability for development. Planning and zoning activities can also provide benefits by allowing developers more flexibility in arranging improvements on a parcel of land through the planned development approach. Zoning regulations describe what type of land use and specific activities are permitted in each district, and how to regulate how buildings, signs, parking, and other construction may be placed on a lot. Zoning regulations also provide procedures for rezoning and other planning applications. The zoning map and zoning regulations provide properties with certain rights to development. Floodplain Regulations A Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance sets development standards for Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHAs). Communities participating in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) are required to adopt a flood damage prevention ordinance that meets at least the minimum standards of the NFIP; however, a community can incorporate higher standards for increased protection. For example, communities can adopt higher regulatory freeboard requirements, cumulative substantial damage definitions, fill restrictions, and other standards. Another important consideration in floodplain regulations is the protection of natural and beneficial functions and the preservation of natural barriers such as vegetation.Vegetation along a stream an is extremely beneficial forte health oft e stream.Trees and other ans have an extensive root system that strengthen stream an s and helpeven erosion.Vegetation that hass route up near streams should a ain undisturbed unless removing it will significantly reduce a threat of floodingor further destruction oft e stream cannel. Stormwater Management Regulations Stormwater runoff is increased when natural ground cover is replaced by urban development. Development in the watershed that drains to a river can aggravate downstream flooding, overload the community's drainage system, cause erosion, and impair water quality. There are three ways to prevent flooding problems caused by stormwater runoff: 1) Regulating development in the floodplain to ensure that it will be protected from flooding and that it won't divert floodwaters onto other properties; NftrtaoeCot� iiu°tty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1611 APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES 2) Regulating all development to ensure that the post-development peak runoff will not be greater than it was under pre-development conditions; and 3) Set construction standards so buildings are protected from shallow water. Reducing Future Flood Losses Zoning and comprehensive planning can work together to reduce future flood losses by directing development away from hazard prone areas. Creating or maintaining open space is the primary way to reduce future flood losses. Planning for open space must also be supplemented with development regulations to ensure that stormwater runoff is managed and that development is protected from flooding.Enforcement of the flood damage prevention ordinance and the flood protection elevation requirement provides an extra level of protection for buildings constructed in the planning area. Stormwater management and the requirement that post-development runoff cannot exceed pre- development conditions is one way to prevent future flood losses. Retention and detention requirements also help to reduce future flood losses. CRS Credit The CRS encourages strong building codes. It provides credit in two ways: points are awarded based on the community's Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule (BCEGS) classification and points are awarded for adopting the International Code series. In North Carolina, communities are limited by the State Building Code Council which has not implemented the most current version of the International Building Code. CRS credits are available for regulations that encourage developers to preserve floodplains or other hazardous areas away from development. There is no credit for a plan, only for the enforceable regulations that are adopted pursuant to a plan. Communities in Monroe County could receive credit for Activity 430—Higher Regulatory Standards and for Activity 420—Open Space Preservation for preserving parcels within the SFHA as open space. Preserving flood prone areas as open space is one of the highest priorities of the Community Rating System. The credits in the 2017 manual have doubled for OSP (Open Space Preservation).The participating communities could also receive credit for Activity 450—Stormwater Management for enforcing regulations for stormwater management and soil and erosion control.Several prevention actions considered by the LMSWG are detailed below. Table . —Prevention Mitigationi c aProjects „ •,: „ ui IIIIIIII IIII Prevention Measures Considered by LMSWG and Not Recommended The County and municipalities all utilize the Florida Building Code; Continue enforcement of state building codes they have enforcement of such as and more stringent local building requirements an ongoing policy and do not need n/a to commit additional resources through this plan update process to complete this activity. The LMSWG has established this is Continued enforcement of zoning and an ongoing policy and is unlikely to development regulations need additional resources to n/a continue pursuing this preventative measure M.orta roe Cot� iiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1612 APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES „ •,: „ a IIIIIIIIIIII Prevention Measures and Funding Recommended for Implementation By revisiting and upgrading the City's hazard mitigation policies, Hazard Mitigation Policies Upgrade Key West will be able to more Local proactively mitigate impacts of hazards at a city and property level. This Manual will assist County and City departments and any other Local, Production of a Mitigation Program Technical qualified entities to identify and Assistance and Resource Manual understand the various mitigation State, Federal grant programs available to them and how to apply C.2.2 Property Protection Measures Property protection measures are used to modify buildings or property subject to damage. Property protection measures fall under three approaches: • Modify the site to keep the hazard from reaching the building; • Modify the building(retrofit) so it can withstand the impacts of the hazard; and • Insure the property to provide financial relief after the damage occurs. Property protection measures are normally implemented by the property owner, although in many cases technical and financial assistance can be provided by a government agency. sm,ml� a,nd irand ra,orM�� Keeping the Hazard Away "nderseepage ins mall drainage A , Generally, natural hazards do not damage vacant Burn areas.As noted earlier,the major impact of hazards is Small barriers can be effective against shallow floodiing. to people and improved property. In some cases, properties can be modified so the hazard does not reach the damage-prone improvements. For example, a berm can be built to prevent floodwaters from reaching a house. Flooding There are five common methods to keep a flood from reaching and damaging a building: • Erect a barrier between the building and the source of the flooding. • Move the building out of the flood-prone area. • Elevate the building above the flood level. • Demolish the building. • Replace the building with a new one that is elevated above the flood level. The latter three approaches are the most effective types to consider for the planning area. Barriers A flood protection barrier can be built of dirt or soil(a"berm")or concrete or steel(a "floodwall"). Careful design is needed so as not to create flooding or drainage problems on neighboring properties. Depending on how porous the ground is, if floodwaters will stay up for more than an hour or two,the design needs fknbrtaoeCouliu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1613 APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES to account for leaks,seepage of water underneath,and rainwater �R�p��p, that will fall inside the perimeter.This is usually done with a sump 9 4' or drain to collect the internal groundwater and surface water and a pump and pipe to pump the internal drainage over the barrier. Barriers can only be built so high. They can be overtopped by a flood higher than expected. Barriers made of earth are susceptible to erosion from rain and floodwaters if not properly sloped, covered with grass, and properly maintained. Relocation This low flloodwall has landscapmg to Moving a building out of a flood prone area to higher ground is ftnimize time adverse umpact on the the surest and safest way to protect it from flooding. While property's appearance. almost any building can be moved,the cost increases for heavier , , , „ structures,such as those with exterior brick and stone walls, and for large or irregularly shaped buildings. Relocation is also preferred for large lots that include buildable areas outside the floodplain or where the owner has a new flood-free lot (or portion of the existing lot) available. ��, �W,, Building Elevation Raising a building above the flood level can be almost as effective SnmaH,wood frarne buildings are as moving it out of the floodplain. Water flows under the the easiest to relocate building, causing little or no damage to the structure or its sauce Kennedy HO`°Se Movers,Huilsville,A L--Jl contents. Raising a building above the flood level is cheaper than moving it and can be less disruptive to a neighborhood. Elevation has proven to be an acceptable and reasonable means of complying with floodplain regulations that require new,substantially improved,and substantially damaged buildings to be elevated above the base flood elevation. Demolition Some buildings, especially heavily damaged or repetitively flooded ones, are not worth the expense to protect them from future damages. It is cheaper to demolish them and either replace them with new,flood protected structures, or relocate the occupants to a safer site. Demolition is also appropriate for buildings that are difficult to move — such as larger, slab - foundation or masonry structures—and for dilapidated structures that are not cost-beneficial to protect. Pilot Reconstruction oenmofthiing a r e p e t 1 t 1 v e I y f I a o d e d home, If a building is not in good shape, elevating it may not be worthwhile or it may even be dangerous. An alternative is to demolish the structure and build a new one on the site that meets or exceeds all flood protection codes. FEMA funding programs refer to this approach as "pilot reconstruction." It is still a pilot program, and not a regularly funded option. Certain rules must be followed to qualify for federal funds for pilot reconstruction. Retrofitting An alternative to keeping the hazard away from a building is to modify or retrofit the site or building to minimize or prevent damage. There are a variety of techniques to do this, as described below. M.ortave Cot� ilu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1614 APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES P,LL Dry Floodproofing Dry floodproofing means making all areas below the flood protection level watertight. Walls are coated with waterproofing compounds or plastic sheeting. Openings, such as doors, windows and vents, are closed, either permanently, with removable shields, or with sandbags. Dry floodproofing of new and existing nonresidential buildings in the regulatory floodplain is permitted under state, FEMA and local regulations. Dry floodproofing of existing residential buildings in the floodplain is also permitted as long as the building is not substantially damaged or being substantially improved. Owners of buildings located outside the regulatory floodplain can always use dry floodproofing techniques. Dry floodproofing is only effective for shallow flooding,such as repetitive drainage problems. It does not protect from the deep flooding along lakes and larger rivers caused by hurricanes or other storms. P,LL Wet Floodproofing The alternative to dry floodproofing is wet floodproofing: water is let in and everything that could be damaged by a flood is removed or elevated above the flood level. Structural components below the flood level are replaced with materials that are not subject to water damage. For example, concrete block walls are used instead of wooden studs and gypsum wallboard. The furnace, water heater and laundry facilities are permanently relocated to a higher floor. Where the flooding is not deep,these appliances can be raised on blocks or platforms. Insurance Technically, insurance does not mitigate damage caused by a natural hazard. However, it does help the owner repair, rebuild, and hopefully afford to incorporate some of the other property protection measures in the process. Insurance offers the advantage of protecting the property,so long as the policy is in force,without requiring human intervention for the measure to work. P,LL Private Property Although most homeowner's insurance policies do not cover a property for flood damage, an owner can insure a building for damage by surface flooding through the NFIP. Flood insurance coverage is provided for buildings and their contents damaged by a "general condition of surface flooding" in the area. Most people purchase flood insurance because it is required by the bank when they get a mortgage or home improvement loan. Usually these policies just cover the building's structure and not the contents. Contents coverage can be purchased separately. Renters can buy contents coverage, even if the owner does not buy structural coverage on the building. Most people don't realize that there is a 30-day waiting period to purchase a flood insurance policy and there are limits on coverage. P,LL Public Property Governments can purchase commercial insurance policies. Larger local governments often self-insure and absorb the cost of damage to one facility, but if many properties are exposed to damage, self- insurance can drain the government's budget. Communities cannot expect federal disaster assistance to make up the difference after a flood. Local Implementation/CRS Credit The CRS provides the most credit points for acquisition and relocation under Activity 520, because this measure permanently removes insurable buildings from the floodplain. Communities in Monroe County could receive credit for Activity 520—Acquisition and Relocation, for acquiring and relocating buildings from the SFHA. The LMSWG recommended that communities pursue the purchase buildings which are subject to flood damage in order to return this land to open space. M.orta roe Cot� iiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1615 APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES The CRS also credits barriers and elevating existing buildings under Activity 530. The credit for Activity 530 is based on the combination of flood protection techniques used and the level of flood protection provided. Points are calculated for each protected building. Bonus points are provided for the protection of repetitive loss buildings and critical facilities. Communities could receive credit for Activity 360—Flood Protection Assistance by providing advice and assistance to homeowners who may want to flood proof their home or business. Advice is provided both on property protection techniques and on financial assistance programs to help fund mitigation. Flood insurance information for each community is provided in Section 5 and in greater detail in each community's annex.There is no credit for purchasing flood insurance, but the CRS does provide credit for local public information programs that, among other topics, explain flood insurance to property owners. The CRS also reduces the premiums for those people who do buy NFIP coverage. Communities in Monroe County could receive credit for Activity 330—Outreach Projects. Property protection mitigation options considered by the LMSWG are described below. Table —Property ProtectionMitigation i Recommended rjc Property Protection Measures Considered by LMSWG and Not Recommended This project was deleted because of a delay in funding—the included Islamorada:Acquisition and Demolition of homes had already mitigated the n/a Identified Flood-Prone Properties problem or sold the home to new owners who mitigated on their own. Property Protection Measures and Funding Recommended for Implementation Monroe Elevate Buildings Located within Flood This effort will help the County and Local, County and prone Areas Cities protect properties that are State, Municipalities regularly flooded. Federal This effort will help the Village Local, Emergency Back-up power for Critical protect its critical facilities to Islamorada Facilities provide continuity of operations State, Federal during a flood or other event. C.2.3 Natural Resource Protection Resource protection activities are generally aimed at preserving(or in some cases restoring) natural areas. These activities enable the naturally beneficial functions of fields,floodplains,wetlands,and other natural lands to operate more effectively. Natural and beneficial functions of watersheds, floodplains and wetlands include: • Reduction in runoff from rainwater and stormwater in pervious areas • Infiltration that absorbs overland flood flow • Removal and filtering of excess nutrients, pollutants and sediments • Storage of floodwaters • Absorption of flood energy and reduction in flood scour • Water quality improvement • Groundwater recharge • Habitat for flora and fauna • Recreational and aesthetic opportunities M.ortaoeCot� iiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1616 APPENDIX C: MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES As development occurs, many of the above benefits can be achieved through regulatory steps for protecting natural areas or natural functions. This section covers the resource protection programs and standards that can help mitigate the impact of natural hazards, while they improve the overall environment. Six areas were reviewed: • Wetland protection • Erosion and sedimentation control • Stream/River restoration • Best management practices • Dumping regulations • Farmland protection Wetland Protection Wetlands are often found in floodplains and topographically depressed areas of a watershed. Many wetlands receive and store floodwaters, thus slowing and reducing downstream flows. They also serve as a natural filter,which helps to improve water quality,and they provide habitat for many species of fish, wildlife and plants. Erosion and Sedimentation Control Farmlands and construction sites typically contain large areas of bare exposed soil. Surface water runoff can erode soil from these sites,sending sediment into downstream waterways. Erosion also occurs along stream banks and shorelines as the volume and velocity of flow or wave action destabilize and wash away the soil. Sediment suspended in the water tends to settle out where flowing water slows down. This can clog storm drains,drain tiles, culverts and ditches and reduce the water transport and storage capacity of river and stream channels, lakes and wetlands. There are two principal strategies to address these problems: minimize erosion and control sedimentation. Techniques to minimize erosion include phased construction, minimal land clearing, and stabilizing bare ground as soon as possible with vegetation and other soil stabilizing practices. Stream/River Restoration There is a growing movement that has several names, such as "stream conservation," "bioengineering," or "riparian corridor restoration." The objective of these approaches is to return streams, stream banks and adjacent land to a more natural condition, including the natural meanders. Another term is "ecological restoration,"which restores native indigenous plants and animals to an area. A key component of these efforts is to use appropriate native plantings along the banks that resist erosion. This may involve retrofitting the shoreline with willow cuttings, wetland plants, or rolls of landscape material covered with a natural fabric that decomposes after the banks are stabilized with plant roots. In all, restoring the right vegetation to a stream has the following advantages: • Reduces the amount of sediment and pollutants entering the water • Enhances aquatic habitat by cooling water temperature • Provides food and shelter for both aquatic and terrestrial wildlife • Can reduce flood damage by slowing the velocity of water • Increases the beauty of the land and its property value • Prevents property loss due to erosion • Provides recreational opportunities, such as hunting,fishing and bird watching • Reduces long-term maintenance costs fknbrtave Cot� iiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1617 APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES Communities are required by state and federal regulations to monitor storm water drainage outfalls and control storm water runoff. Best Management Practices Point source pollutants come from pipes such as the outfall of a municipal wastewater treatment plant. They are regulated by the US EPA. Nonpoint source pollutants come from non-specific locations and harder to regulate. Examples of nonpoint source pollutants are lawn fertilizers, pesticides, other chemicals, animal wastes, oils from street surfaces and industrial areas, and sediment from agriculture, construction, mining and forestry. These pollutants are washed off the ground's surface by stormwater and flushed into receiving storm sewers, ditches and streams. The term "best management practices" (BMPs) refers to design, construction and maintenance practices and criteria that minimize the impact of stormwater runoff rates and volumes, prevent erosion, protect natural resources and capture nonpoint source pollutants (including sediment). They can prevent increases in downstream flooding by attenuating runoff and enhancing infiltration of stormwater. They also minimize water quality degradation, preserve beneficial natural features onsite, maintain natural base flows, minimize habitat loss, and provide multiple usages of drainage and storage facilities. Dumping Regulations BMPs usually address pollutants that are liquids or are suspended in water that are washed into a lake or stream. Dumping regulations address solid matter, such as shopping carts, appliances and landscape waste that can be accidentally or intentionally thrown into channels or wetlands. Such materials may not pollute the water, but they can obstruct even low flows and reduce the channels' and wetlands' abilities to convey or clean stormwater. Many cities have nuisance ordinances that prohibit dumping garbage or other "objectionable waste" on public or private property. Waterway dumping regulations need to also apply to "non-objectionable" materials, such as grass clippings or tree branches, which can kill ground cover or cause obstructions in channels. Regular inspections to catch violations should be scheduled. Many people do not realize the consequences of their actions. They may,for example,fill in the ditch in their front yard without realizing that is needed to drain street runoff. They may not understand how re- grading their yard,filling a wetland,or discarding leaves or branches in a watercourse can cause a problem to themselves and others.Therefore,a dumping enforcement program should include public information materials that explain the reasons for the rules as well as the penalties. Farmland Protection Farmland protection is an important piece of comprehensive planning and zoning throughout the United States. The purpose of farmland protection is to provide mechanisms for prime, unique, or important agricultural land to remain as such, and to be protected from conversion to nonagricultural uses. Frequently, farm owners sell their land to residential or commercial developers and the property is converted to non-agricultural land uses. With development comes more buildings, roads and other infrastructure. Urban sprawl occurs, which can lead to additional stormwater runoff and emergency management difficulties. Farms on the edge of cities are often appraised based on the price they could be sold for to urban developers. This may drive farmers to sell to developers because their marginal farm operations cannot afford to be taxed as urban land. The Farmland Protection Program in the United States Department of Agriculture's 2002 Farm Bill(Part 519)allows for funds to go to state,tribal,and local governments as well M.ortaoeCot� iiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES as nonprofit organizations to help purchase easements on agricultural land to protect against the development of the land. Local Implementation/CRS Credit There is credit for preserving open space in its natural condition or restored to a state approximating its natural condition. The credit is based on the percentage of the floodplain that can be documented as wetlands protected from development by ownership or local regulations. Communities in Monroe County could receive credit for Activity 420— Open Space Preservation for preserving a portion of the SFHA as open space. Additionally, credit is available for Activity 540—Drainage System Maintenance. Having a portion of the drainage system inspected regularly throughout the year and maintenance performed as needed would earn a community credit. Communities could also get credit under this activity for providing a listing of problem sites that are inspected more frequently,and for implementing an ongoing Capital Improvements Program. Table —Natural Resource ProtectionMitigation i Recommended rojc q Natural Resource Protection Measures Considered by LMSWG and Not Recommended All incorporated jurisdictions currently have ordinances in Continued enforcement of soil erosion and place,additional funding is not n/a sedimentation control ordinance. needed for continued enforcement. Natural Resource Protection Measures and Funding Recommended for Implementation Creation of a natural resources Monroe adaptation plan ensures the Local, County and its municipalities County and Natural Resources Adaptation Plan preserve their abundant natural State, Municipalities Federal resources that serve protective, cultural,and recreational roles. Monroe Purchase New Wellfield for water supply to This action will proactively Local, County and address threat of saltwater intrusion and protect potable water quality State, Municipalities hypersaline water from FPL cooling canals. and supply. Federal C.2.4 Emergency Services Measures Emergency services measures protect people during and after a disaster. A good emergency management program addresses all hazards, and it involves all local government departments. This section reviews emergency services measures following a chronological order of responding to an emergency. It starts with identifying an impending problem(threat recognition)and continues through post-disaster activities. Threat Recognition The first step in responding to a flood is to know when weather conditions are such that an event could occur. With a proper and timely threat recognition system, adequate warnings can be disseminated. The National Weather Service (NWS) is the prime agency for detecting meteorological threats. Severe weather warnings are transmitted through NOAA's Weather Radio System. Local emergency managers can then provide more site-specific and timely recognition after the Weather Service issues a watch or a warning. A flood threat recognition system predicts the time and height of a flood crest. This can be done M.orta roe Cot� iiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1619 �n APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES by measuring rainfall, soil moisture, and stream flows upstream of the community and calculating the subsequent flood levels. On smaller rivers and streams, locally established rainfall and river gauges are needed to establish a flood threat recognition system. The NWS may issue a "flash flood watch." This is issued to indicate current or developing hydrologic conditions that are favorable for flash flooding in and close to the watch area, but the occurrence is neither certain nor imminent. These events are so localized and so rapid that a "flash flood warning" may not be issued, especially if no remote threat recognition equipment is available. In the absence of a gauging system on small streams, the best threat recognition system is to have local personnel monitor rainfall and stream conditions. While specific flood crests and times will not be predicted,this approach will provide advance notice of potential local or flash flooding. Warning The next step in emergency response following threat recognition is to notify the public and staff of other agencies and critical facilities. More people can implement protection measures if warnings are early and include specific detail. The NWS issues notices to the public using two levels of notification: • Watch: conditions are right for flooding,thunderstorms,tornadoes or winter storms. • Warning: a flood,tornado,etc., has started or been observed. A more specific warning may be disseminated by the community in a variety of ways. The following are the more common methods: • CodeRED countywide mass telephone emergency communication system • Commercial or public radio or TV stations • The Weather Channel • Cable TV emergency news inserts • Telephone trees/mass telephone notification • NOAA Weather Radio • Tone activated receivers in key facilities • Outdoor warning sirens • Sirens on public safety vehicles • Door-to-door contact • Mobile public address systems • Email notifications Just as important as issuing a warning is telling people what to do in case of an emergency. A warning program should include a public information component. StormReady The National Weather Service (NWS) established the StormReady program to help local governments improve the timeliness and effectiveness of hazardous weather-related warnings forthe public. To 8rormi�3,ea be officially StormReady, a community must: • Establish a 24-hour warning point and emergency operations center • Have more than one way to receive severe weather warnings and forecasts and to alert the public • Create a system that monitors weather conditions locally • Promote the importance of public readiness through community seminars M.ortaoeCot� iiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1620 u APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES • Develop a formal hazardous weather plan, which includes training severe weather spotters and holding emergency exercises Being designated a NWS StormReady community is a good measure of a community's emergency warning program for weather hazards. Response The protection of life and property is the most important task of emergency responders. Concurrent with threat recognition and issuing warnings, a community should respond with actions that can prevent or reduce damage and injuries. Typical actions and responding parties include the following: • Activating the emergency operations center(emergency preparedness) • Closing streets or bridges (police or public works) • Shutting off power to threatened areas(utility company) • Passing out sand and sandbags(public works) • Holding children at school or releasing children from school (school superintendent) • Opening evacuation shelters(the American Red Cross) • Monitoring water levels(public works) • Establishing security and other protection measures(police) An emergency action plan ensures that all bases are covered and that the response activities are appropriate for the expected threat. These plans are developed in coordination with the agencies or offices that are given various responsibilities. Emergency response plans should be updated annually to keep contact names and telephone numbers current and to ensure that supplies and equipment that will be needed are still available. They should be critiqued and revised after disasters and exercises to take advantage of the lessons learned and of changing conditions. The end result is a coordinated effort implemented by people who have experience working together so that available resources will be used in the most efficient manner possible. Evacuation and Shelter There are six key components to a successful evacuation: • Adequate warning • Adequate routes • Proper timing to ensure the routes are clear • Traffic control • Knowledgeable travelers • Care for special populations(e.g., disabled persons, prisoners, hospital patients,schoolchildren) Those who cannot get out of harm's way need shelter. Typically, the American Red Cross will staff a shelter and ensure that there is adequate food, bedding, and wash facilities. Shelter management is a specialized skill. Managers must deal with problems like scared children, families that want to bring in their pets, and the potential for an overcrowded facility. Local Implementation/CRS Credit Flash flood warnings are issued by National Weather Service Offices, which have the local and county warning responsibility. Flood warnings are forecasts of coming floods,are distributed to the public by the NOAA Weather Radio, commercial radio and television, and through local emergency agencies. The warning message tells the expected degree of flooding,the affected river, when and where flooding will begin, and the expected maximum river level at specific forecast points during flood crest. Nftrta roe Cot� iiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1621 u APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES Communities in Monroe County could receive credit for Activity 610 — Flood Warning Program for maintaining a program that provides timely identification of impending flood threats, disseminates warnings to appropriate floodplain residents, and coordinates flood response activities. Community Rating System credits are based on the number and types of warning media that can reach the community's flood prone population. Depending on the location, communities can receive credit for the telephone calling system and more credits for additional measures,like telephone trees. Being designated as a StormReady community also provides additional credits. Table —Emergency Services Mitigation OptionsRecommended rjc Emergency Services Measures Considered by LMSWG and Not Recommended Key West completed this activity and - Emergency Warning Phone Call System now uses the CodeRed System; Further n/a funding is no longer needed. The capability assessment determined Develop a Community Emergency most communities have an emergency Operations Plan operations plan in place that they can n/a activate post-disaster event. Emergency Services Measures and Funding Recommended for Implementation Layton/ This certification will improve Layton and Become/Recertify as a StormReady Monroe County's ability to swiftly Monroe Community disseminate information regarding Local,State County hazardous weather events Key West maintains records outside of Planning/Development of Sister City EOC: the City, however maintaining a Sister Local, Key Develop a plan and implement a Sister City City EOC will ensure effective continuity State, West Emergency Operations Center for large scale pre&post disaster situations of operations in the event the City is Federal physically inaccessible C.2.5 Structural Projects Four general types of flood control projects are reviewed here: levees, reservoirs, diversions, and dredging. These projects have three advantages not provided by other mitigation measures: • They can stop most flooding, protecting streets and landscaping in addition to buildings. • Many projects can be built without disrupting citizens' homes and businesses. • They are constructed and maintained by a government agency, a more dependable long-term management arrangement than depending on many individual private property owners. However, as shown below, structural measures also have shortcomings. The appropriateness of using flood control depends on individual project area circumstances. • Advantages o They may provide the greatest amount of protection for land area used o Because of land limitations,they may be the only practical solution in some circumstances o They can incorporate other benefits into structural project design,such as water supply and recreational uses o Regional detention may be more cost-efficient and effective than requiring numerous small detention basins Mbrta roe Cot� iiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1622 APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES • Disadvantages o They can disturb the land and disrupt the natural water flows, often destroying wildlife habitat o They require regular maintenance o They are built to a certain flood protection level that can be exceeded by larger floods o They can create a false sense of security o They promote more intensive land use and development in the floodplain Levees and Floodwalls Probably the best-known flood control measure is a barrier of earth(levee)or concrete(floodwall)erected between the watercourse and the property to be protected. Levees and floodwalls confine water to the stream channel by raising its banks. They must be well designed to account for large floods, underground seepage, pumping of internal drainage, and erosion and scour. Reservoirs and Detention Reservoirs reduce flooding by temporarily storing F, flood waters behind dams or in storage or detention basins. Reservoirs lower flood heights by holding back or detaining runoff before it can flow downstream. / �K a✓rJti l r ff Flood waters are detained until the flood has subsided, and then the water in the reservoir or detention basin is released or pumped out slowly at a rate that the riverm,: can accommodate downstream. II ' N I wu ' Iu�° 8����158u�uuuuuVVVVV�VVI , i1�i � ;r Reservoirs can be dry and remain idle until a large rain event occurs. Or they may be designed so that a lake 1/�� � �f�0� ' � ��Kn�' or pond is created. The lake may provide recreational benefits or water supply (which could also help Retention pond mitigate a drought). Flood control reservoirs are most commonly built for one of two purposes. Large reservoirs are constructed to protect property from existing flood problems. Smaller reservoirs,or detention basins,are built to protect property from the stormwater runoff impacts of new development. Diversion A diversion is a new channel that sends floodwaters to a different location, thereby reducing flooding along an existing watercourse. Diversions can be surface channels, overflow weirs, or tunnels. During normal flows,the water stays in the old channel. During floods,the floodwaters spill over to the diversion channel or tunnel,which carries the excess water to a receiving lake or river. Local Implementation/CRS Credit Structural flood control projects that provide at least 100-year flood protection and that result in revisions to the Flood Insurance Rate Map are not credited by the CRS so as not to duplicate the larger premium reduction provided by removing properties from the mapped floodplain. Other flood control projects can be accepted by offering a 25-year flood protection. M.orta roe Cot� iiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES Table . —Structural Projects Mitigation OptionsRecommended rjc „ •,: u IIIIIIII IIII Structural Project Measures Considered by LMSWG and Not Recommended Key West has completed 17 such Construction of outfalls,gravity wells,and projects;continued maintenance is n/a exfiltration trenches necessary but no further funds are being sought Structural Project Measures and Funding Recommended for Implementation Monroe Structural improvements to City Local, County and County-wide Road Elevation and Drainage and County streets will mitigate State, Municipalities Improvements(Phase 1 of 2) impacts from flooding and aide Federal evacuation procedures. Improving the seawall will further Local, Monroe West Martello Seawall Improvements resilience to flooding,tropical County cyclones,and sea level rise in its State, Federal immediate surroundings C.2.6 Public Information Outreach Projects Outreach projects are the first step in the process of orienting property owners to the hazards they face and to the concept of property protection. They are designed to encourage people to seek out more information in order to take steps to protect themselves and their properties. Awareness of the hazard is not enough; people need to be told what they can do about the hazard. Thus, projects should include information on safety, health and property protection measures. Research has shown that a properly run local information program is more effective than national advertising or publicity campaigns. Therefore, outreach projects should be locally designed and tailored to meet local conditions. Community newsletters/direct mailings: The most effective types of outreach projects are mailed or distributed to everyone in the community. In the case of floods, they can be sent only to floodplain property owners. News media: Local newspapers can be strong allies in efforts to inform the public. Local radio stations and cable TV channels can also help. These media offer interview formats and cable TV may be willing to broadcast videos on the hazards. Libraries and Websites The two previous activities tell people that they are exposed to a hazard. The next step is to provide information to those who want to know more. The community library and local websites are obvious places for residents to seek information on hazards, hazard protection, and protecting natural resources. Books and pamphlets on hazard mitigation can be given to libraries, and many of these can be obtained for free from state and federal agencies. Libraries also have their own public information campaigns with displays, lectures and other projects, which can augment the activities of the local government. Today, websites are commonly used as research tools. They provide fast access to a wealth of public and private sites for information. Through links to other websites,there is almost no limit to the amount of up to date information that can be accessed on the Internet. M.ortaroe Couiiu°tty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1624 x APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES In addition to online floodplain maps,websites can link to information for homeowners on how to retrofit for floods or a website about floods for children. Technical Assistance Hazard Information Residents and business owners that are aware of the potential hazards can take steps to avoid problems or reduce their exposure to flooding. Communities can easily provide map information from FEMA's FIRMs and Flood Insurance Studies. They may also assist residents in submitting requests for map amendments and revisions when they are needed to show that a building is located outside the mapped floodplain. Some communities supplement what is shown on the FIRM with information on additional hazards, flooding outside mapped areas and zoning. When the map information is provided, community staff can explain insurance, property protection measures and mitigation options that are available to property owners. They should also remind inquirers that being outside the mapped floodplain is no guarantee that a property will never flood. Property Protection Assistance While general information provided by outreach projects or the library is beneficial,most property owners do not feel ready to retrofit their buildings without more specific guidance. Local building department staffs are experts in construction. They can provide free advice, not necessarily to design a protection measure, but to steer the owner onto the right track. Building or public works department staffs can provide the following types of assistance: • Visit properties and offer protection suggestions • Recommend or identify qualified or licensed contractors • Inspect homes for anchoring of roofing and the home to the foundation • Explain when building permits are needed for home improvements. Public Information Program A Program for Public Information (PPI) is a document that receives CRS credit. It is a review of local conditions, local public information needs, and a recommended plan of activities. A PPI consists of the following parts,which are incorporated into this plan: • The local flood hazard • The property protection measures appropriate for the flood hazard • Flood safety measures appropriate for the local situation • The public information activities currently being implemented within the community, including those being carried out by non-government agencies • Goals for the community's public information program • The outreach projects that will be done each year to reach the goals • The process that will be followed to monitor and evaluate the projects Local Implementation/CRS Credit Communities in Monroe County could receive credit under Activity 330 — Outreach Projects as well as Activity 350—Flood Protection Information.Credit is available for targeted and general outreach projects. Credit is also provided for making publications relating to floodplain management available in the reference section of the local library. 1%4.ortaoeCot� iiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1625u� APPENDIX Q MITIGATION ALTERNATIVES Table —Public Information rc Mitigation i Recommended Projects 011 Public Information and Outreach Measures Considered by LMSWG and Not Recommended A PPI has been developed for the Multi-jurisdictional Program for Public County,continued implementation n/a Information of the projects contained within requires no additional funding. Public Information and Outreach Measures and Funding Recommended for Implementation Comprehensive hazard mitigation(prevention) The County will develop a program Monroe education and outreach program targeted to that educates residents not only on Local, County government employees,the construction hazard impacts, but individual State, industry,and trades,and the general public. actions that can be taken to mitigate Federal risks. The City will expand on its existing Key Expand Public Outreach: Mapping,outreach, public outreach capabilities to West floodproofing,windproofing,individual provide information on a wider Local mitigation actions,disclosures,financing,etc. range of hazards and mitigation opportunities. M.ortaroe Couiiu°tt Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 APPENDIX D: MITIGATION PRIORITIZAION PROCESS Florida's Administrative Code 27P-22 delegates authority to the LMS Working Group to set priorities and identify projects. FDEM encourages the LMS to pre-identify (and "bank") projects and gather initial data to facilitate the priority setting process and aid in more rapid consideration in the post-disaster period. The LMS allows submissions from jurisdictions, utility agencies, and non-profit organizations, among others. It is expected that initiatives "banked" into the Mitigation Strategy (found in Section 7) are identified based on information and data contained within this plan and other relevant resources. Initiatives are expected to be consistent with current policies and regulations, technically feasible, likely to have high political and social acceptance, and be achievable using existing authorities and staff.These details are identified in the preliminary enhanced STAPLEE prioritization introduced in Section 6. This appendix further details the County's prioritization process and its most up to date list of projects prioritized for HMA grant consideration. uuuul ui uu uu iuiiiiiuluul ul uuu iiii iiuuiuiiiluu uluu ui iui uluu uuuu ul uiuu iiiuuu ul uuuuuu ul uuuul uu uiuiiuiiiluu uluu ui iui iiiiul uiuiii luau uii�««ttiti»»iiil uuu U I I lui all II UI I� II II all I II U II 1� I I I U 1 I UI I I I I I I I vIU I f 11 i 11 i VU ul I I I I I I l ll II I �II i I uuuuuu�mi��uuuuu�llllllll uu�lluu�ullliul�����uuiullluuuuudiulilllliuuiulluuuuuu��uullluuu iulllll�uullluuuulluuuuio��uu�llullluu�����uuluuhuuuuuuulilllliuuuuluuuuuu��uullluuu uullll��uu�llulllluuuuio��luuuuu�uuuuu�uuuo�uuuuu�lllllllllll Monroe County maintains an evolving list of project initiatives that includes many site-specific initiatives. This list may be modified periodically. The creation of this list results from three distinct steps in the process. The timeline for these steps is contained in the table below and each step is defined in more detail in the sections that follow: Table —Project PrioritizationProcess i li Timeframe Steps Quarterly Step 1:Accept NOls to"bank" projects; LMSWG Coordinator updates Mitigation Action Plan from Section 7. Post-Disaster/When Step 2:Entities electing to move projects from the Mitigation Action Plan to the NOFA is Issued prioritized list submit characterization forms; Ranking subcommittee reviews and completed prioritization forms; LMSWG Coordinator updates prioritization Annually Step 3: Entities asked to review lists(Mitigation Action Plan and HMA Prioritized List) to identified projects that are completed,deleted,or to be carried forward. D.1.1 Step One: Preliminary Identification of Mitigation Initiatives Initiatives may be placed on the Mitigation Action Plan list by any eligible entity that provides minimum information. New additions to the Mitigation Action Plan during this cycle are considered part of the "bank" moving forward. The Working Group allows submissions on a quarterly basis, so that eligible entities are not constrained by an annual opportunity to identify and pursue projects and funding.When an initiative submits a new project outside of the 5 year LMS update cycle,they are to do so by submitting a Notice of Intent (NCI) form, which may be obtained from the LMS Coordinator through the Monroe County Emergency Management Department. Submission of NOls require the following minimum information: Name of owner/entity; Name and brief description of initiative/project; "Best estimate"of project costs; and Identification of mitigation category, mitigation goal(s), and hazards addressed. M.ortaoeCot� ilu°tty Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1627 APPENDIX D: MITIGATION PRIORITIZAION PROCESS D.1.2 Step Two: Prioritized Mitigation Initiatives Implementation of the identified mitigation actions from Step One, especially site-specific initiatives, is usually dependent upon the availability of funding. A project that is on the Step One (Mitigation Action Plan) list is moved to the Step Two (Prioritized) list when the owner/entity anticipates developing and submitting the formal application to FDEM and FEMA;at this point,the LMSWG is charged with prioritizing projects for available funding. Notices of Funding Availability (NOFA) may be issued annually (i.e. for FEMA's FMA and BRIC programs)or after disasters that yield HMGP funds,in which case NOFAs are usually issued within 90 days. Whether on an annual basis or post-disaster, the LMSWG members would be notified and eligible entities would then decide whether they are prepared to submit the applicable information to formalize initiatives from Step One. The LMS working group is charged with developing a prioritized list of initiatives pursuant to State requirements (Chapter 27P-22.006); at any given time, priorities may change due to various factors such as recent damage, availability of non-federal cost share, or changes in priorities of the funding agency. When a NOFA is anticipated or received, the LMS Coordinator will notify entities that have initiatives in the Mitigation Action Plan. In order to have an initiative forwarded to the funding agency, detailed data specified in the Characterization Form,which can be obtained from the LMS Coordinator and will be sent out with the announcement of a NOFA, are required so that the LMSWG's Ranking Subcommittee can process and determine priorities—thus creating a Prioritized Initiative(Step Two) list.The most up to date Prioritized List can be found on the following page.The following minimum information will be required: Name of owner/entity and the point of contact responsible for providing the detailed information; Initiative/project title, description of the project,whether it benefits a critical facility, and whether the applicant has the legal authority to undertake the project; Estimate of how quickly the project could be started and how long it would take to complete; The LMS goals/objectives addressed, a scope of work and need, and the hazard(s) and problem(s) it would address; Description of the general benefits, including number of people impacted, economic benefits, social benefits,environmental benefits, and whether historic resources are affected; Estimated total project costs and whether a formal Benefit-Cost Analysis has been prepared or if the estimated benefits are based on the worksheet to approximate a Benefit-to-Cost Ratio; Statements regarding feasibility; consistency with other plans, policies,codes and ordinances; permits and approvals necessary; level of effort to implement; and likely reception by the public; and An attachment to approximate benefits and costs. D.1.3 Step Three: Completed/Deleted/Carried Forward Initiatives In order to maintain records that demonstrate progress toward the mitigation goals, such as the details found in Section 2.9, the LMSWG recognizes that is important to track completed initiatives as well as initiatives that are deleted from the list,including those for which sufficient information was not provided to retain on one of the other lists. At least once a year, entities that have initiatives on either list (regardless of source of funding) will report whether these initiatives have been completed, deleted, or are carried forward —subsequently remaining on the appropriate list. At any time, entities may request that an initiative be deleted.The LMS Coordinator will maintain a list of such actions. 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Brink, Uri ten; David Twichell; Patrick Lynett; Eric Geist;Jason Chaytor; Homa Lee; Brian Buczkowski; and Claudia Flores. Regional Assessment of Tsunami Potential in the Gulf of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Administrative Report. National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program. 2009. Chernet, Haregewoin Haile. 2013. The Impact of Climate Change on Dam Safety and Hydropower. Climate Central Surging Seas Risk Finder,Accessed July 2020 David D. Haddock and Daniel D. Polsby. Understanding Riots. Cato Journal,Vol. 14, No. 1, pp 147-157 FEMA Disaster Declarations Summary, Updated January 2020. FEMA Mitigation Ideas:A Resource for Reducing Risk to Natural Hazards.2013. FEMA. Monroe County and Incorporated Areas Flood Insurance Study. Revised November 16, 2012. FEMA. Community Information System,2020. FEMA, ISO. Monroe County Repetitive Loss Data.August 2020. Florida Department of Business and Professional Regulation, Florida Building Commission. Florida Building Code, 71h Edition. 2020. Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Florida Geological Survey. Subsidence Incident Reports.Accessed January 2020. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Water Resource Management. Critically Eroded Beaches in Florida. Updated July 2019.Accessed July 2020. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Office of Resilience and Coastal Protection. Strategic Beach Management Plan: Florida Keys Region.April 2020. Florida Department of Transportation. Florida Bridge Inventory, 2019. IPCC, 2007. Climate Change 2007:The Physical Science Basis,Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (Solomon,S., D. Qin, M. Manning,Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K. B.Averyt, M.Tignor, and H. L.A-2 EC 1165-2-212 1 Oct 11 Miller, eds.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. IPCC, 2014. Climate Change 2014: Impacts,Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. IPCC, 2018: Global warming of 1.5°C.An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change,sustainable development,and efforts to eradicate poverty [V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, H. 0. P6rtner, D. Roberts,J.Skea, P.R.Shukla,A. Pirani,W. Moufouma-Okia, C. Pean, R. Pidcock, S. Connors,J. B. R. Matthews,Y. Chen,X.Zhou, M. I. Gomis, E. Lonnoy,T. Maycock, M.Tignor,T.Waterfield (eds.)]. In Press. https://www.carinsurance.com/Articles/top-states-hail-damage-claims.aspx James B. Elsner,Svetoslava C. Elsner, and Thomas H.Jagger. The increasing efficiency of tornadoes in the United States. Climate Dynamics/vol.45 issue 3-4, pp 651-659. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1631 APPENDIX E: REFERENCES Mazzei, Patricia.82 Days Underwater:The Tide is High but They're Holding On. November 241 2019. New York Times._t s:// .nytl es.co / 1 / / 4/us/ orl a- a s- oo in - In - 1 em Mentaschi, L.,Vousdoukas, M., Pekel,J.,Voukouvalas, E., and Feyen, L. Global long-term observations of coastal erosion and accretion.Scientific Reports Volume 8,Article number: 12876(2018). Monroe County Emergency Management Department. Monroe County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan. Updated April 2017. Monroe County Local Mitigation Strategy, 2015 Monroe County Tax Parcels, 2020 National Climate Assessment, 2014. National Drought Mitigation Center, Drought Impact Reporter. National Integrated Drought Information System, U.S. Drought Portal. National Weather Service. NOAA, Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP). https://coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/data/ccapregional.htmi NOAA, National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database. NOAA, National Hurricane Center. NOAA, Office of Coastal Management. NOAA,Tides and Currents North Carolina State Climate Office. Climate Tools. Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact. Unified Sea Level Rise Projection. Updated 2019.Accessed July 2020. Southern Wildfire Risk Assessment, 2020. State of Florida. Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan. 2018. Tornado and Storm Research Organization (TORRO), Department of Geography, Oxford Brookes University. U.S. Census Bureau.American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-Year Estimates. U.S. Census Bureau. 2010 Decennial Census. U.S. Census Bureau. 2000 Decennial Census. U.S. Coast Guard National Response Center. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Farm Service Agency, Disaster Designation Information, 2012-2018. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Risk Management Agency, Cause of Loss Historical Data Files, 2007-2018. U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration U.S. Drought Monitor. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxic Release Inventory. U.S. Forest Service,Wildland Fire Assessment System. U.S. Geological Survey Coastal Change Hazards Portal. U.S.Global Change Research Program,2016:The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States:A Scientific Assessment. http://dx.doi.org/10.7930/JOR49NQX USGCRP,2017: Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment,Volume I [Wuebbles, D.J., D.W. Fahey, K.A. Hibbard, D.J. Dokken, B.C.Stewart,and T.K. Maycock (eds.)]. U.S. Global Change Research Program,Washington, DC, USA,470 pp., doi: 10.7930/JOJ964J6. VAISALA, National Lightning Detection Network. Multi-Jurisdictional Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 1632